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I now save the variables.scss file.
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And now, without doing anything-- take a look at my terminal--
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Sass detected a change to variables.scss,
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so it gave me a new version of my original CSS file.
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If I go back to my web browser now, refresh the page, now, all of the text
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is green, as I would expect it to be.
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So that's one of the very powerful features that Sass gives us.
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It gives us the ability to add variables to our CSS code just
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to factor out commonalities.
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If there are common fonts, common colors, common borders, common styling,
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that I want to apply to a lot of different things,
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it becomes much easier just to use Sass in order to do so.
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And finally, we'll take a look at a couple of other features
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that Sass gives us the ability to do, one of them
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is the ability to nest CSS selectors inside of other CSS selectors.
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So one thing you've seen so far, for example,
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is that in CSS, if I wanted to style all of the unordered lists that are inside
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of divs, for example, I could say like, div arrow unordered list,
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in order to style unordered lists that are inside of divs.
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What Sass will do is that will give us a bit of a nicer syntax for doing
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this type of thing, in particular, by allowing us to nest CSS inside
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of other pieces of CSS.
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So just as an example of this, I'll go ahead
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and open up a file I already brought, called nesting.html.
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And so here is what we might see inside of nesting.html.
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Here is the body of the page.
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Inside the body of the page, I have a div, inside of which
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is a paragraph inside the div and also a list, an unordered list,
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or ul, that's inside of this div as well.
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And then we also have a paragraph that's outside of the div.
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And a list that's outside of the div in addition to that.
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So a number of different elements, some of which are located inside
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of other elements.
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And what I'd like to do is be very precise about how I style these pages.
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What Sass is going to allow us to do is it
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lets us write a Sass file that looks a little something like this.
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Let's take a look at what it's doing.
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It's saying, for the entire div, I would like
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to give that div a font size of 18 pixels.
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And then, what CSS normally doesn't allow us to do,
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but we can do now using the power of Sass,
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is say, for any paragraphs that are inside of that div,
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go ahead and give those paragraphs the color of blue.
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And for any unordered lists that are inside of the div,
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give those unordered lists a color of green.
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By nesting these CSS selectors inside of others,
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we've been able to get across the idea that I only
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want to style the paragraph if it is inside of a div.
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And this is just a little bit of a nicer, cleaner syntax
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for doing some of these more complex styling tasks that might come up.
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So what does this actually look like?
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If I like take this SCSS file and turn it into normal CSS,
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what is the result going to be?
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Well, let's take a look.
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We can try it out by let me go into my nesting folder
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where all these files are located.
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And if I run Sass nesting.scss, turn it into nesting.css,
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now let's open up nesting.css and see what it looks like.
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Here, it's turned into a take all of the divs,
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give them a font size of 18 pixels.
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And then, we're using the same descendant selector notation
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that we saw before, where all the paragraphs inside of divs
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should be colored blue, all the unordered lists inside of a div
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should be colored green.
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And this certainly works.
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And we could have just written this CSS from the beginning,
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but it can be a little bit cleaner, a little bit easier to read to use Sass
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in order to really say, paragraphs inside of divs
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should be structured this way, unordered lists are styled in some other way.
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And using this nothing approach just makes it often easier
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to take a look at this SCSS page and really understand
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how all of the different style code interacts with each other.
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So after all of this now, if I open up nesting.html,
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we might see something that looks a little something like this.
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The paragraph inside the div and the list inside of the div, those
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both get changes to the way that they've been styled.
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But unlike them, these paragraphs outside of the div
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and the list that is also outside of the div,
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those get styled a little bit differently.
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So two features now we've seen inside of Sass.
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We've first seen the ability to have variables
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to make sure we're not repeating ourselves
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in many places throughout the code.
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And now, we've seen the ability to nest CSS selectors inside of each other
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by taking advantage of Sass.
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And finally, we'll take a look at one last feature
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that Sass is going to give us.
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And that is something called inheritance.
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2.28
If we have certain CSS selectors that are related to other CSS selectors,
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but they're may be adding some additional information.
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And in this case, I'm actually going to show you the finished product first.
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So let's go into inheritance and let me open up inheritance.html.
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And here, you see I've tried to almost implement
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Bootstrap-style alert messages in HTML.
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I have a success message up at the top, a warning message, and then
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an error message.
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And each of these messages you'll notice are styled differently.
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In particular they're each a different color.
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But despite that, they share a lot in common.
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They share a common border.
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