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What are the treatments for Cardiomyopathy ? | People who have cardiomyopathy but no signs or symptoms may not need treatment. Sometimes, dilated cardiomyopathy that comes on suddenly may go away on its own. For other people who have cardiomyopathy, treatment is needed. Treatment depends on the type of cardiomyopathy you have, the severity of your symptoms and comp... | Cardiomyopathy |
How to prevent Cardiomyopathy ? | You can't prevent inherited types of cardiomyopathy. However, you can take steps to lower your risk for diseases or conditions that may lead to or complicate cardiomyopathy. Examples includecoronary heart disease,high blood pressure, andheart attack.
Your doctor may advise you to make heart-healthy lif... | Cardiomyopathy |
What is (are) Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ? | Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN) is a rare pain syndrome that affects the glossopharyngeal nerve (the ninth cranial nerve that lies deep within the neck) and causes sharp, stabbing pulses of pain in the back of the throat and tongue, the tonsils, and the middle ear. The excruciating pain of GN can last for a few seconds... | Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia |
What are the treatments for Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ? | Most doctors will attempt to treat the pain first with drugs. Some individuals respond well to anticonvulsant drugs, such as carbamazepine and gabapentin. Surgical options, including nerve resection, tractotomy, or microvascular decompression, should be considered when individuals either dont respond to, or stop respon... | Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia |
What is the outlook for Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ? | Some individuals recover from an initial attack and never have another. Others will experience clusters of attacks followed by periods of short or long remission. Individuals may lose weight if they fear that chewing, drinking, or eating will cause an attack. | Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and other institutes at the National Institutes of Health conduct research related to GN and support additional research through grants to major research institutions across the country. Much of this research focuses on finding better ways to prevent, ... | Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia |
What is (are) Arteriovenous Malformation ? | Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal, snarled tangles of blood vessels that cause multiple irregular connections between the arteries and veins. These malformations most often occur in the spinal cord and in any part of the brain or on its surface, but can develop elsewhere in the body. AVMs can damage the b... | Arteriovenous Malformation |
What are the treatments for Arteriovenous Malformation ? | Treatment options depend on the type of AVM, its location, noticeable symptoms, and the general health condition of the individual. Medication can often alleviate general symptoms such as headache, back pain, and seizures caused by AVMs and other vascular lesions. The definitive treatment for AVMs is either surgery to ... | Arteriovenous Malformation |
What is the outlook for Arteriovenous Malformation ? | The greatest potential danger posed by AVMs is hemorrhage. Most episodes of bleeding remain undetected at the time they occur because they are not severe enough to cause significant neurological damage. But massive, even fatal, bleeding episodes do occur. Whenever an AVM is detected, the individual should be carefully ... | Arteriovenous Malformation |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Arteriovenous Malformation ? | The mission of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) is to seek fundamental knowledge about the brain and nervous system, and to use that knowledge to reduce the burden of neurological disease. The NINDS has established an Arteriovenous Study Group to learn more about the natural causes of... | Arteriovenous Malformation |
What is (are) Myotonia ? | Myotonia is a medical term that refers to a neuromuscular condition in which the relaxation of a muscle is impaired. It can affect any muscle group. Repeated effort will be needed to relax the muscle, although the condition usually improves after the muscles have warmed-up. Individuals with myotonia may have trouble re... | Myotonia |
What are the treatments for Myotonia ? | Treatment for myotonia may include mexiletine, quinine, phenytoin, and other anticonvulsant drugs. Physical therapy and other rehabilitative measures may help muscle function. | Myotonia |
What is the outlook for Myotonia ? | Myotonia is a chronic disorder. Symptoms may improve later in life. | Myotonia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Myotonia ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke supports and conducts an extensive research program on neuromuscular disorders. The goals of this research are to learn more about these disorders and to find ways to treat, prevent, and cure them. | Myotonia |
What is (are) Locked-In Syndrome ? | Locked-in syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by complete paralysis of voluntary muscles in all parts of the body except for those that control eye movement. It may result from traumatic brain injury, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases that destroy the myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells,... | Locked-In Syndrome |
What are the treatments for Locked-In Syndrome ? | There is no cure for locked-in syndrome, nor is there a standard course of treatment. A therapy called functional neuromuscular stimulation, which uses electrodes to stimulate muscle reflexes, may help activate some paralyzed muscles. Several devices to help communication are available. Other treatment is symptomatic a... | Locked-In Syndrome |
What is the outlook for Locked-In Syndrome ? | While in rare cases some patients may regain certain functions, the chances for motor recovery are very limited. | Locked-In Syndrome |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Locked-In Syndrome ? | The NINDS supports research on neurological disorders that can cause locked-in syndrome. The goals of this research are to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure these disorders. | Locked-In Syndrome |
What is (are) Arachnoid Cysts ? | Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid-filled sacs that are located between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane, one of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Primary arachnoid cysts are present at birth and are the result of developmental abnormalities in the brain and spinal cord t... | Arachnoid Cysts |
What are the treatments for Arachnoid Cysts ? | There has been active debate about how to treat arachnoid cysts. The need for treatment depends mostly upon the location and size of the cyst. If the cyst is small, not disturbing surrounding tissue, and not causing symptoms, some doctors will refrain from treatment. In the past, doctors placed shunts in the cyst to dr... | Arachnoid Cysts |
What is the outlook for Arachnoid Cysts ? | Untreated, arachnoid cysts may cause permanent severe neurological damage when progressive expansion of the cyst(s) or bleeding into the cyst injures the brain or spinal cord. Symptoms usually resolve or improve with treatment. | Arachnoid Cysts |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Arachnoid Cysts ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) conducts research related to brain abnormalities and disorders of the nervous system such as arachnoid cysts in laboratories at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and supports additional research through grants to major medical institutions acros... | Arachnoid Cysts |
What is (are) Congenital Myasthenia ? | All forms of myasthenia are due to problems in the communication between nerve cells and muscles. Most involve the activities of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that allow neurons to relay information from one cell to the next. For neurotransmitters to be effective, the nerve cell must release the ne... | Congenital Myasthenia |
What are the treatments for Congenital Myasthenia ? | The possibilities for treatment depend on the specific subtype of congenital myasthenia. Most treatments attempt to improve the signaling between nerve cell and muscle. These drugs include pyridostigmine, fluoxetine, ephedrine, and 3,4-diaminopyridine. Treatments to alter the immune system are not used for this form of... | Congenital Myasthenia |
What is the outlook for Congenital Myasthenia ? | The prognosis depends on the specific subtype of congenital myasthenia, the muscles involved, and the age at onset of symptoms. If a child has difficulty breathing, feeding, or swallowing, they may be vulnerable to pneumonia or respiratory failure. In other cases, weakness is stable and does not worsen over time. In on... | Congenital Myasthenia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Congenital Myasthenia ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and other institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) support research related to congenital myasthenia through grants to major research institutions across the country. Much of this research focuses on finding better ways to prevent, treat a... | Congenital Myasthenia |
What is (are) Neuromyelitis Optica ? | Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. It is sometimes also referred to as NMO spectrum disorder.In NMO, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and proteins in the body, must often those in t... | Neuromyelitis Optica |
What are the treatments for Neuromyelitis Optica ? | There is no cure for NMO and no FDA-approved therapies, but there are therapies to treat an attack while it is happening, to reduce symptoms, and to prevent relapses.NMO relapses and attacks are often treated with corticosteroid drugs and plasma exchange (also called plasmapheresis, a process used to remove harmful ant... | Neuromyelitis Optica |
What is the outlook for Neuromyelitis Optica ? | Most individuals with NMO have an unpredictable, relapsing course of disease with attacks occurring months or years apart. Disability is cumulative, the result of each attack damaging new areas of the central nervous system. Some individuals are severely affected by NMO and can lose vision in both eyes and the use of t... | Neuromyelitis Optica |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Neuromyelitis Optica ? | The mission of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) is to seek fundamental knowledge of the brain and nervous system and to use that knowledge to reduce the burden of neurological disease. The NINDS is a component of the National Institutes of Health, the leading supporter of biomedical r... | Neuromyelitis Optica |
What is (are) Cerebral Hypoxia ? | Cerebral hypoxia refers to a condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow. Drowning, strangling, choking, suffocation, cardiac arrest, head trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning, and complications of general anesthesia can create conditions that can lead to c... | Cerebral Hypoxia |
What are the treatments for Cerebral Hypoxia ? | Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the hypoxia, but basic life-support systems have to be put in place: mechanical ventilation to secure the airway; fluids, blood products, or medications to support blood pressure and heart rate; and medications to suppress seizures. | Cerebral Hypoxia |
What is the outlook for Cerebral Hypoxia ? | Recovery depends on how long the brain has been deprived of oxygen and how much brain damage has occurred, although carbon monoxide poisoning can cause brain damage days to weeks after the event. Most people who make a full recovery have only been briefly unconscious. The longer someone is unconscious, the higher the c... | Cerebral Hypoxia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Cerebral Hypoxia ? | The NINDS supports and conducts studies aimed at understanding neurological conditions that can damage the brain, such as cerebral hypoxia. The goals of these studies are to find ways to prevent and treat these conditions. | Cerebral Hypoxia |
What is (are) Essential Tremor ? | Tremor is an unintentional, somewhat rhythmic, muscle movement involving to-and-fro movements (oscillations) of one or more parts of the body. Essential tremor (previously called benign essential tremor) is the most common form of abnormal tremor. (In some people, tremor is a symptom of a neurological disorder or appea... | Essential Tremor |
What are the treatments for Essential Tremor ? | There is no definitive cure for essential tremor. Symptomatic drug therapy may include propranolol or other beta blockers and primidone, an anticonvulsant drug. Eliminating tremor "triggers" such as caffeine and other stimulants from the diet is often recommended. Physical and occupational therapy may help to reduce tr... | Essential Tremor |
What is the outlook for Essential Tremor ? | Although essential tremor is not life-threatening, it can make it harder to perform daily tasks and is embarrassing to some people. Tremor frequency may decrease as the person ages, but the severity may increase, affecting the person's ability to perform certain tasks or activities of daily living. In many people the t... | Essential Tremor |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Essential Tremor ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, a unit of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is the nation's leading federal funder of research on disorders of the brain and nervous system. The NINDS sponsors research on tremor both at its facil... | Essential Tremor |
What is (are) Paresthesia ? | Paresthesia refers to a burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body. The sensation, which happens without warning, is usually painless and described as tingling or numbness, skin crawling, or itching. Most people have experienced ... | Paresthesia |
What are the treatments for Paresthesia ? | The appropriate treatment for paresthesia depends on accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause. | Paresthesia |
What is the outlook for Paresthesia ? | The prognosis for those with paresthesia depends on the severity of the sensations and the associated disorders. | Paresthesia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Paresthesia ? | The NINDS supports research on disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves that can cause paresthesia. The goals of this research are to increase scientific understanding of these disorders and to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure them. | Paresthesia |
What is (are) Microcephaly ? | Microcephaly is a medical condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal because the brain has not developed properly or has stopped growing. Microcephaly can be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life. It is most often caused by genetic abnormalities that interfere wi... | Microcephaly |
What are the treatments for Microcephaly ? | There is no treatment for microcephaly that can return a childs head to a normal size or shape. Treatment focuses on ways to decrease the impact of the associated deformities and neurological disabilities. Children with microcephaly and developmental delays are usually evaluated by a pediatric neurologist and followed ... | Microcephaly |
What is the outlook for Microcephaly ? | Some children with microcephaly will have normal intelligence and a head that will grow bigger, but they may track below the normal growth curves for head circumference. Some children may have only mild disability, while those with more severe cases may face significant learning disabilities, cognitive delays, or devel... | Microcephaly |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Microcephaly ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), one of several institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), conducts and funds research aimed at understanding normal brain development, as well as disease-related disorders of the brain and nervous system. Other NIH institutes and centers a... | Microcephaly |
What is (are) Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ? | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs. Symptoms include high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction. In most cases, the disorder develops within th... | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
What are the treatments for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ? | Generally, intensive care is needed. The neuroleptic or antipsychotic drug is discontinued, and the fever is treated aggressively. A muscle relaxant may be prescribed. Dopaminergic drugs, such as a dopamine agonist, have been reported to be useful. | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
What is the outlook for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ? | Early identification of and treatment for individuals with neuroleptic malignant syndrome improves outcome. If clinically indicated, a low potency neuroleptic can be reintroduced very slowly when the individual recovers, although there is a risk that the syndrome might recur. Another alternative is to substitute anothe... | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ? | The NINDS supports research on neurological disorders such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Much of this research focuses on finding ways to prevent and treat the disorder. | Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
What is (are) Hereditary Neuropathies ? | Hereditary neuropathies are a group of inherited disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system. The hereditary neuropathies are divided into four major subcategories: hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, hereditary sensory neuropathy, hereditary motor neuropathy, and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy.... | Hereditary Neuropathies |
What are the treatments for Hereditary Neuropathies ? | There are no standard treatments for hereditary neuropathies. Treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive. Medical treatment includes physical therapy and if needed, pain medication. Orthopedic surgery may be needed to correct severe foot or other skeletal deformities. Bracing may also be used to improve mobility. | Hereditary Neuropathies |
What is the outlook for Hereditary Neuropathies ? | The prognosis for individuals with hereditary neuropathies depends upon the type of neuropathy. Some hereditary neuropathies have very mild symptoms and may go undiagnosed for many years. Other types are more severe and are associated with more disabilities. Genetic counseling is important to understand further details... | Hereditary Neuropathies |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Hereditary Neuropathies ? | The NINDS supports research on neuromuscular disorders, such as hereditary neuropathies, aimed at learning more about these disorders and finding ways to prevent and treat them. | Hereditary Neuropathies |
What is (are) Narcolepsy ? | Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally. At various times throughout the day, people with narcolepsy experience irresistable bouts ofsleep. If the urge becomes overwhelming, individuals will fall asleep for periods lasting from a few seconds t... | Narcolepsy |
What are the treatments for Narcolepsy ? | There is no cure for narcolepsy. In 1999, after successful clinical trial results, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a drug called modafinil for the treatment of EDS. Two classes of antidepressant drugs have proved effective in controlling cataplexy in many patients: tricyclics (including imipramine,... | Narcolepsy |
What is the outlook for Narcolepsy ? | None of the currently available medications enables people with narcolepsy to consistently maintain a fully normal state of alertness. But EDS and cataplexy, the most disabling symptoms of the disorder, can be controlled in most patients with drug treatment. Often the treatment regimen is modified as symptoms change. W... | Narcolepsy |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Narcolepsy ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and other institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conduct research into narcolepsy and other sleep disorders in laboratories at the NIH and also support additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country. ... | Narcolepsy |
What is (are) Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease ? | Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease (GSS) is an extremely rare, neurodegenerative brain disorder. It is almost always inherited and is found in only a few families around the world. Onset of the disease usually occurs between the ages of 35 and 55. In the early stages, patients may experience varying levels of ataxi... | Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease |
What are the treatments for Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease ? | There is no cure for GSS, nor are there any known treatments to slow progression of the disease. Current therapies are aimed at alleviating symptoms and making the patient as comfortable as possible. | Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease |
What is the outlook for Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease ? | GSS is a slowly progressive condition usually lasting from 2 to 10 years. The disease ultimately causes severe disability and finally death, often after the patient goes into a coma or has a secondary infection such as aspiration pneumonia due to an impaired ability to swallow. | Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease ? | The NINDS supports and conducts research on TSEs, including GSS. Much of this research is aimed at characterizing the agents that cause these disorders, clarifying the mechanisms underlying them, and, ultimately, finding ways to prevent, treat, and cure them. | Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease |
What is (are) Infantile Refsum Disease ? | Infantile Refsum disease (IRD) is a medical condition within the Zellweger spectrum of perixisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs), inherited genetic disorders that damage the white matter of the brain and affect motor movements. PBDs are part of a larger group of disorders called the leukodystrophies. The Zellweger spectru... | Infantile Refsum Disease |
What are the treatments for Infantile Refsum Disease ? | The primary treatment for IRD is to avoid foods that contain phytanic acid, including dairy products; beef and lamb; and fatty fish such as tuna, cod, and haddock. Although this prevents the accumulation of phytanic acid, it does not address the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids, and the deficiency of bile ac... | Infantile Refsum Disease |
What is the outlook for Infantile Refsum Disease ? | IRD is a fatal disease, but some children will survive into their teens and twenties, and possibly even beyond. | Infantile Refsum Disease |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Infantile Refsum Disease ? | The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) conducts research related to IRDin its laboratories at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and also supports additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country. Research is focused on finding better ways to prevent... | Infantile Refsum Disease |
What is (are) Chronic Pain ? | While acute pain is a normal sensation triggered in the nervous system to alert you to possible injury and the need to take care of yourself, chronic pain is different. Chronic pain persists. Pain signals keep firing in the nervous system for weeks, months, even years. There may have been an initial mishap -- sprained ... | Chronic Pain |
What are the treatments for Chronic Pain ? | Medications, acupuncture, local electrical stimulation, and brain stimulation, as well as surgery, are some treatments for chronic pain. Some physicians use placebos, which in some cases has resulted in a lessening or elimination of pain. Psychotherapy, relaxation and medication therapies, biofeedback, and behavior mod... | Chronic Pain |
What is the outlook for Chronic Pain ? | Many people with chronic pain can be helped if they understand all the causes of pain and the many and varied steps that can be taken to undo what chronic pain has done. Scientists believe that advances in neuroscience will lead to more and better treatments for chronic pain in the years to come. | Chronic Pain |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Chronic Pain ? | Clinical investigators have tested chronic pain patients and found that they often have lower-than-normal levels of endorphins in their spinal fluid. Investigations of acupuncture include wiring the needles to stimulate nerve endings electrically (electroacupuncture), which some researchers believe activates endorphin ... | Chronic Pain |
What is (are) Thyrotoxic Myopathy ? | Thyrotoxic myopathy is a neuromuscular disorder that may accompany hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease, caused by overproduction of the thyroid hormone thyroxine). Symptoms may include muscle weakness, myalgias (muscle tenderness), wasting of the pelvic girdle and shoulder muscles, fatigue, and/or heat intolerance. Thyroi... | Thyrotoxic Myopathy |
What are the treatments for Thyrotoxic Myopathy ? | Treatment involves restoring normal levels of thyroid hormone and may include thyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, and sometimes partial or complete surgical removal of the thyroid. | Thyrotoxic Myopathy |
What is the outlook for Thyrotoxic Myopathy ? | With treatment, muscle weakness may improve or be reversed. | Thyrotoxic Myopathy |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Thyrotoxic Myopathy ? | The NINDS supports a broad range of research on neuromuscular disorders such as thyrotoxic myopathy. Much of this research is aimed at learning more about these disorders and finding ways to prevent and treat them. | Thyrotoxic Myopathy |
What is (are) Kleine-Levin Syndrome ? | Kleine-Levin syndrome is a rare disorder that primarily affects adolescent males (approximately 70 percent of those with Kleine-Levin syndrome are male). It is characterized by recurring but reversible periods of excessive sleep (up to 20 hours per day). Symptoms occur as "episodes," typically lasting a few days to a f... | Kleine-Levin Syndrome |
What are the treatments for Kleine-Levin Syndrome ? | There is no definitive treatment for Kleine-Levin syndrome and watchful waiting at home, rather than pharmacotherapy, is most often advised. Stimulant pills, including amphetamines, methylphenidate, and modafinil, are used to treat sleepiness but may increase irritability and will not improve cognitive abnormalities. B... | Kleine-Levin Syndrome |
What is the outlook for Kleine-Levin Syndrome ? | Episodes eventually decrease in frequency and intensity over the course of eight to 12 years. | Kleine-Levin Syndrome |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Kleine-Levin Syndrome ? | NINDS supports a broad range of clinical and basic research on diseases causing sleep disorders in an effort to clarify the mechanisms of these conditions and to develop better treatments for them. | Kleine-Levin Syndrome |
What is (are) Hypersomnia ? | Hypersomnia is characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged nighttime sleep. Different from feeling tired due to lack of or interrupted sleep at night, persons with hypersomnia are compelled to nap repeatedly during the day, often at inappropriate times such as at work, during a meal... | Hypersomnia |
What are the treatments for Hypersomnia ? | Treatment is symptomatic in nature. Stimulants, such as amphetamine, methylphenidate, and modafinil, may be prescribed. Other drugs used to treat hypersomnia include clonidine, levodopa, bromocriptine, antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Changes in behavior (for example avoiding night work and social act... | Hypersomnia |
What is the outlook for Hypersomnia ? | The prognosis for persons with hypersomnia depends on the cause of the disorder. While the disorder itself is not life threatening, it can have serious consequences, such as automobile accidents caused by falling asleep while driving. The attacks usually continue indefinitely. | Hypersomnia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Hypersomnia ? | The NINDS supports and conducts research on sleep disorders such as hypersomnia. The goal of this research is to increase scientific understanding of the condition, find improved methods of diagnosing and treating it, and discover ways to prevent it. | Hypersomnia |
What is (are) Corticobasal Degeneration ? | Corticobasal degeneration is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by nerve cell loss and atrophy (shrinkage) of multiple areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. Corticobasal degeneration progresses gradually. Initial symptoms, which typically begin at or around age 60, may f... | Corticobasal Degeneration |
What are the treatments for Corticobasal Degeneration ? | There is no treatment available to slow the course of corticobasal degeneration, and the symptoms of the disease are generally resistant to therapy. Drugs used to treat Parkinson disease-type symptoms do not produce any significant or sustained improvement. Clonazepam may help the myoclonus. Occupational, physical, and... | Corticobasal Degeneration |
What is the outlook for Corticobasal Degeneration ? | Corticobasal degeneration usually progresses slowly over the course of 6 to 8 years. Death is generally caused by pneumonia or other complications of severe debility such as sepsis or pulmonary embolism. | Corticobasal Degeneration |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Corticobasal Degeneration ? | The NINDS supports and conducts research studies on degenerative disorders such as corticobasal degeneration. The goals of these studies are to increase scientific understanding of these disorders and to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure them. | Corticobasal Degeneration |
What is (are) Dysautonomia ? | Dysautonomia refers to a disorder of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function that generally involves failure of the sympathetic or parasympathetic components of the ANS, but dysautonomia involving excessive or overactive ANS actions also can occur. Dysautonomia can be local, as in reflex sympathetic dystrophy, or gener... | Dysautonomia |
What are the treatments for Dysautonomia ? | There is usually no cure for dysautonomia. Secondary forms may improve with treatment of the underlying disease. In many cases treatment of primary dysautonomia is symptomatic and supportive. Measures to combat orthostatic hypotension include elevation of the head of the bed, water bolus (rapid infusion of water given ... | Dysautonomia |
What is the outlook for Dysautonomia ? | The outlook for individuals with dysautonomia depends on the particular diagnostic category. People with chronic, progressive, generalized dysautonomia in the setting of central nervous system degeneration have a generally poor long-term prognosis. Death can occur from pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, or sudden ca... | Dysautonomia |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Dysautonomia ? | The NINDS supports and conducts research on dysautonomia. This research aims to discover ways to diagnose, treat, and, ultimately, prevent these disorders. | Dysautonomia |
What is (are) Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica ? | Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica refers to a collection of rare, degenerative, neurological disorders characterized by epilepsy, cognitive impairment, myoclonus, and progressive ataxia. Symptoms include seizures, tremor, and reduced muscle coordination. Onset of the disorder generally occurs in early adulthood. Trem... | Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica |
What are the treatments for Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica ? | Treatment of Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica is symptomatic. Myoclonus and seizures may be treated with drugs like valproate. | Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica |
What is the outlook for Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica ? | The progression of the disorder is usually 10 years or longer. | Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica ? | The NINDS supports a broad range of research on neurodegenerative disorders such as Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica. The goals of this research are to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure these kinds of disorders. | Dyssynergia Cerebellaris Myoclonica |
What is (are) Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ? | Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, are a group of rare degenerative brain disorders characterized by tiny holes that give the brain a "spongy" appearance. These holes can be seen when brain tissue is viewed under a microscope.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)... | Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |
What are the treatments for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ? | TSEs tend to progress rapidly and usually culminate in death over the course of a few months to a few years. | Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |
What is the outlook for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ? | There is currently no treatment that can halt progression of any of the TSEs. Treatment is aimed at alleviating symptoms and making the patient as comfortable as possible. A clinical trial of a potential therapy for CJD is expected to begin soon at the University of California at San Francisco. | Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ? | The NINDS conducts and supports research on TSEs. This research is aimed at determining how abnormal prion proteins lead to disease, at finding better tests for diagnosing CJD and other disorders, and ultimately at finding ways to treat TSEs. | Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |
What is (are) Orthostatic Hypotension ? | Orthostatic hypotension is a sudden fall in blood pressure that occurs when a person assumes a standing position. It is due to a lesion of the baroreflex loop, which senses a change in blood pressure and adjusts heart rate and activates sympathetic nerve system fibers to cause the blood vessels to narrow and correct bl... | Orthostatic Hypotension |
What are the treatments for Orthostatic Hypotension ? | When orthostatic hypotension is caused by hypovolemia due to medications, the disorder may be reversed by adjusting the dosage or by discontinuing the medication. When the condition is caused by prolonged bed rest, improvement may occur by sitting up with increasing frequency each day. In some cases, physical counterpr... | Orthostatic Hypotension |
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