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Place d'Orléans Place d'Orléans is a large shopping mall and office building in the eastern end of the city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, in the suburb of Orléans in the former city of Gloucester. The property is about . It has approximately 132 stores, including a food court and a gym (GoodLife Fitness). History Place d'Orléans was originally constructed in 1979 and underwent major expansions in 1984, 1988, and 1990 to arrive at its current size and configuration. Place d'Orléans was one of the last enclosed malls built in Canada. Like many of its counterparts in North America, Place d'Orléans has been struggling to survive in the era of the big-box "power centres". Hudson's Bay expanded in 1999, taking over a large section of the north side's upper level, and reducing the number of smaller stores. Over the years it has seen anchors come and go, such as Eaton's, Woolco, Robinson's, Consumers Distributing, Walmart, Zellers, and then Target before being demolished in 2017. Place d'Orléans has taken on non-traditional tenants: a large portion of the second floor was leased to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) until 2015. In 2016, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) took over the space that had been occupied by the RCMP. Walmart has since been relocated to Innes Road, which opened as a Walmart Supercentre in Summer 2005. The food court underwent a renovation which was moved to the first floor of the mall and it was opened on November 1, 2019. It is also the Orleans hub for OC Transpo, with a station connecting local routes to the Transitway. There is a passenger bridge from Place d'Orléans station to a park and ride facility on the opposite side of Regional Road 174. Featured Stores Hudson's Bay Sport Chek/Nevada Bob's Golf GoodLife Fitness AUB44 by Aubainerie Mark's Walmart used to be the one of the main anchors of the mall. In early May 2006, Zellers opened a new store in the large retail space vacated by Walmart. In 2013, Zellers was permanently closing down and was replaced by Target, which then closed in 2015 due to negative profits in Canada. References External links Category:Shopping malls in Ottawa Category:Shopping malls established in 1979 Category:1979 establishments in Ontario	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dozen Girls "Dozen Girls" is a single by the Damned, released 17 September 1982 on Bronze Records. After the experiment of "Lovely Money", the song returned the band to slightly more familiar territory, but failed to chart. The album version released on Strawberries was slightly different from the single version, with the play-out featuring a roll call of a dozen girls replaced by the repeated line "He's alright and he don't care, he's got thermal underwear". Some pressings of the single credited Billy Karloff as a co-writer of "Dozen Girls". The single was also issued in Bolivia by Philips Records, with "Bad Time for Bonzo" on the B-side. The song "Torture Me", which appeared on the single, is about the ethics of eating meat. It was composed and performed by Captain Sensible, who was a vegetarian at the time. Track listing All songs written by Scabies, Sensible, Vanian. "Dozen Girls" - 4:21 "Take That" - 2:48 "Mine's a Large One Landlord" - 1:16 "Torture Me" - 1:26 Production credits Producers The Damned Hugh Jones on "Dozen Girls" and "Take That" Musicians Dave Vanian − vocals Captain Sensible − guitar, vocals on "Take That" and "Torture Me" Rat Scabies − drums Paul Gray − bass References External links Category:1982 singles Category:The Damned (band) songs Category:Songs written by Rat Scabies Category:Songs written by Captain Sensible Category:Songs written by David Vanian Category:1982 songs Category:Bronze Records singles	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Billy Lyall William "Billy" Lyall (26 March 1953 – 1 December 1989) was a Scottish musician. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Lyall was a keyboard player, vocalist and occasional flautist with Pilot, and an early member of the Bay City Rollers. He was keyboard player for Dollar between 1978 and 1982, and also contributed to The Alan Parsons Project with fellow Pilot members. He left Pilot in early 1976 and released a solo album, Solo Casting later that year. He also contributed string arrangements and synthesizer parts to an album by the band Runner (Island records) in 1979. Lyall died of AIDS-related causes in 1989, aged 36. Bay City Rollers' manager Tam Paton later said that Lyall was gay. References Category:1953 births Category:1989 deaths Category:Scottish keyboardists Category:Scottish male singers Category:Scottish flautists Category:Musicians from Edinburgh Category:Bay City Rollers members Category:Pilot (band) members Category:AIDS-related deaths in the United Kingdom Category:LGBT musicians from Scotland Category:Gay musicians Category:20th-century Scottish singers Category:20th-century Scottish musicians Category:LGBT singers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chionodes johnstoni Chionodes johnstoni is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index has it as a synonym of Chionodes gilvomaculella. References Category:Chionodes Category:Moths described in 1947 Category:Moths of North America	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Thomas Kennedy (Australian politician) Thomas Kennedy (1860 – 16 February 1929) was an Australian politician. Born in Gisborne, Victoria, he received a primary education and was a farmer by the age of 17. In 1893, Kennedy contested the seat of Benalla and Yarrawonga in the Victorian Legislative Assembly at the general election. He received the same number of votes as another candidate, Lieutenant-Colonel John Montgomery Templeton, with the returning officer declaring Templeton the winner on his casting vote. Kennedy then lodged a petition with the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly, alleging irregularities in the electoral process (the Devenish booth had received no electoral roll), and also that Templeton held an office of profit under the crown as a member of the Victorian militia and an official liquidator. In November 1893, the Committee of Elections and Qualifications declared the election in Benalla and Yarrawonga void, although it also ruled that liquidator was not an office of profit under the crown. A by-election was held on 20 November, which Kennedy won. He remained in the Legislative Assembly until 1901. In that year, he transferred to federal politics, winning the Australian House of Representatives seat of Moira for the Protectionist Party at the first federal election. Kennedy's seat of Moira was abolished in 1906; he contested Echuca instead, but was narrowly defeated by Albert Palmer. He retired from politics and became a farmer at Buffalo. Kennedy died in 1929. References Category:1860 births Category:1929 deaths Category:Protectionist Party members of the Parliament of Australia Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Moira Category:Members of the Australian House of Representatives Category:Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly Category:People from Gisborne, Victoria Category:20th-century Australian politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Steroid rosacea Steroid-induced rosacea is an iatrogenic condition (induced by the physician or patient) from the use of either systemic steroid or topical steroids. It is nearly identical to steroid induced acne from the standpoint of etiology. Cause Steroid-induced rosacea can be caused by the prolonged used of a topical steroid on the face. Topical steroid comes in 7 different strengths (Some countries use 4 categories). Class I is super potent, and class VII is very weak. Usually, any categories of steroids over class VI can induce rosacea with prolonged use. The typical presentation is inflammatory acne lesions consisting of pustules, papules, and cysts. The patient often admits to the daily use of a topical steroid, often being under the advisement of a physician. Examination of the pustules often revealed inflammatory cells, and in many cases, numerous motile demodex mites. Prevention Physicians need to be aware of the danger of topical steroids. Only mild steroids should be applied to the face. The use of the topical steroid should be limited to the condition. Alternate week therapy or 3 consecutive days a week therapy is better than continuous therapy in preventing steroid-induced rosacea. Only the mildest topical steroid should be used on the face if a condition warrants such use. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) does not necessary prevent steroid induced rosacea. Similar conditions have been seen with both Elidel and Protopic, possibly from immunosuppression and Demodex or bacterial growth. Treatment Treatment often involves the gradual weaning off the topical steroid, and the use of a systemic anti-inflammatory antibiotic. If the patient is using a strong topical steroid, he or she is weaned to a weaker class VI or VII steroid. Usually, they are to use the substitute steroid daily, then only on weekends, then stop completely. The facial dermatitis and discomfort often worsen when they stop the offending steroid. The oral antibiotic will decrease the inflammatory nature of the lesions. The antibiotic of choice is usually a tetracycline antibiotic. Additionally, tacrolimus combined with oral antibiotics has proven to speed up the recovery process. See also Rosacea List of cutaneous conditions References External links Steroid Rosacea Category:Acneiform eruptions	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Oil Creek Library District The Oil Creek Library District is an administrative unit designated by the Pennsylvania Office of Commonwealth Libraries and charged with facilitating and enhancing public library service in Clarion, Venango, and Jefferson Counties. The District's offices are currently located at the Oil City Library, a public library serving approximately 11,000 people in the city and surrounding areas. History The Oil Creek Library District is the successor to the now defunct Clarion Library District. The District was created in May 1996. District Services The Oil Creek Library District provides professional consultation to its member libraries on all issues and topics pertaining to public libraries and the library profession. Additionally, the District provides Inter-Library Loan Support, Continuing Education opportunities, and shared Electronic Resources to its members. Library resources The Oil Creek Library District maintains subscriptions to OverDrive, RBDigital Magazines, Chilton Auto Repair Database, and Tutor.com for the benefit of the patrons at its member libraries. The District also has a collection of Maker Kits available to libraries for programming. Additionally, there is an ever growing collection of professional materials. These materials are available for loan to member librarians and may also be borrowed by the public. The Library District and its member libraries are members of the Access PA statewide library system. External links Oil City Library Office of Commonwealth Libraries Category:Public libraries in Pennsylvania Category:1996 establishments in Pennsylvania Category:Venango County, Pennsylvania Category:Oil City, Pennsylvania	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Luke Parker (footballer) Luke Parker (born 25 October 1992) is a professional Australian rules footballer & Co-Captain of the Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League (AFL). He plays as a midfielder. Originally from Langwarrin, Victoria, Parker played for the Dandenong Stingrays before being drafted by Sydney with the 40th pick in the 2010 National Draft. He made his senior debut in round eight of the 2011 season, and quickly established himself in the line-up. Parker won a premiership in his second season, and has since played in two more losing grand finals (in 2014 and 2016). He won the Bob Skilton Medal as Sydney's best and fairest player in 2014 and 2017. He also finished runner-up to Patrick Dangerfield in the 2016 Brownlow Medal, a season in which he was also named in the All-Australian team for the first time. Early life Parker grew up in Langwarrin, Victoria, on Melbourne's south-eastern outskirts. He played both basketball and football as a youngster, eventually choosing to pursue the latter at the age of 16. In the TAC Cup, Parker played for the Dandenong Stingrays and won the club best and fairest in his first season. He made the TAC Cup Team of the Year in 2010, although he broke his jaw in the competition's preliminary final. Parker also played for Victoria Country in the 2010 AFL Under 18 Championships. AFL career Parker was drafted by Sydney with the club's second pick (and 40th overall) in the 2010 National Draft. He made his debut in Round 8 of the 2011 AFL season against . He received his first career Brownlow Medal vote in the Swans' Round 16 victory over the Gold Coast Suns where he had 26 disposals and kicked two goals. It was an impressive debut year from Parker playing as small, tackling forward and in the midfield. He was compared to his teammate Jude Bolton, due to his hardness at the contest, strong tackling and ability to win contested possession. The young midfielder took a significant step forward in 2013, moving from a regular substitute at the back end of the previous season to a dangerous and highly valued member of the starting line-up. Playing every game, he averaged 21 disposals and five marks and proved a more than handy forward, finishing with 22 goals. In 2014, Parker further made his mark on the team becoming the youngest player since Michael O'Loughlin in 1998 to be awarded the Bob Skilton Medal and the Paul Kelly Players’ Player award which is voted on each week by the playing group. In 2015 Parker won the Robert Rose Award for the AFL’s Most Courageous Player. Unfortunately his season ended prematurely when he suffered a fractured fibula when had his right leg twist awkwardly in a tackle against Collingwood in round 20. Parker has made a strong comeback into the 2016 season being awarded the Brett Kirk Medal (Sydney Derby - Best on Ground) in round three. He won the Most Courageous Player award for the second year running and polled second in the Brownlow Medal with 26 votes, only beaten by Patrick Dangerfield for the Geelong Cats. He was also rewarded with his first ever All Australian honours in a career best season. Parker had a consistent year in 2017, averaging 25.4 disposals a game Statistics Statistics are correct to the end of the 2019 season \|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2011 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 13 \|\| 8 \|\| 8 \|\| 71 \|\| 81 \|\| 152 \|\| 28 \|\| 24 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 5.5 \|\| 6.2 \|\| 11.7 \|\| 2.2 \|\| 1.8 \|- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2012 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 19 \|\| 5 \|\| 5 \|\| 140 \|\| 164 \|\| 304 \|\| 54 \|\| 53 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 7.4 \|\| 8.6 \|\| 16.0 \|\| 2.8 \|\| 2.8 \|- style="background:#eaeaea;" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2013 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 25 \|\| 22 \|\| 12 \|\| 265 \|\| 259 \|\| 524 \|\| 76 \|\| 125 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 10.6 \|\| 10.4 \|\| 21.0 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 5.0 \|- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2014 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 25 \|\| 25 \|\| 14 \|\| 286 \|\| 362 \|\| 648 \|\| 104 \|\| 151 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 11.4 \|\| 14.5 \|\| 25.9 \|\| 4.2 \|\| 6.0 \|- style="background:#eaeaea;" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2015 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 19 \|\| 18 \|\| 14 \|\| 219 \|\| 267 \|\| 486 \|\| 65 \|\| 40 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 11.6 \|\| 14.5 \|\| 26.1 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 5.0 \|- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2016 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 26 \|\| 25 \|\| 18 \|\| 330 \|\| 369 \|\| 699 \|\| 90 \|\| 170 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 12.7 \|\| 14.2 \|\| 26.9 \|\| 3.5 \|\| 6.5 \|- style="background:#eaeaea;" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2017 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 24 \|\| 14 \|\| 17 \|\| 304 \|\| 304 \|\| 608 \|\| 85 \|\| 134 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 12.7 \|\| 12.7 \|\| 25.3 \|\| 3.5 \|\| 5.6 \|- ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2018 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 22 \|\| 25 \|\| 9 \|\| 261 \|\| 245 \|\| 506 \|\| 88 \|\| 123 \|\| 1.1 \|\| 0.4 \|\| 11.9 \|\| 11.1 \|\| 23.0 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 5.6 \|- style="background:#eaeaea;" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" \| 2019 \|style="text-align:center;"\| \| 26 \|\| 22 \|\| 13 \|\| 7 \|\| 302 \|\| 256 \|\| 558 \|\| 91 \|\| 114 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 13.7 \|\| 11.6 \|\| 25.4 \|\| 4.1 \|\| 5.2 \|- class="sortbottom" ! colspan=3\| Career ! 195 ! 155 ! 104 ! 2178 ! 2307 ! 4485 ! 681 ! 984 ! 0.8 ! 0.5 ! 11.2 ! 11.8 ! 23.0 ! 3.5 ! 5.0 \|} References External links Category:1992 births Category:Living people Category:Sydney Swans players Category:Dandenong Stingrays players Category:Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia) Category:Bob Skilton Medal winners Category:All-Australians (AFL)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sarrak, Iran Sarrok (, also Romanized as Sarrok and Sar Rok; also known as Sarrūk and Sarūk) is a village in Mashayekh Rural District, Naghan District, Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 380, in 74 families. References Category:Populated places in Kiar County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chingle Hall Chingle Hall is a grade II listed manor house in the township of Whittingham near Preston, England. History Originally, the land where Chingle Hall now stands was owned by Ughtred de Singleton from around 1066. In 1260 Adam de Singleton built a small manor house known as Singleton Hall. It was surrounded by a moat and the studded oak front door was accessed via a small wooden drawbridge, which was replaced in the 16th century by a brick-built bridge. The door and bridge have survived to this day, although some of the moat has now dried up. The hall, renamed Chingle Hall, remained in the possession of the Singleton family until Eleanor Singleton, the last of the line, died in 1585. The house then passed to the Wall family through the marriage of William Wall with Anne Singleton. Their son Anthony Wall, once mayor of Preston, died there in 1601. In 1680 the house was extended westwards. The Walls owned the hall until the mid-18th century when the house passed to a local branch of the Singleton family. From 1794 the house was owned by the Farrington family for some hundred years before being bought by the Longton family. In 1945, the house was rented by the Howarths before they bought the property in 1960. After Mr Howarth died the house stood empty and was badly vandalised, until Sandra and John Coppleston-Bruce bought the house in 1986 and restored it. The property was then bought by the Kirkhams in February 1995. The current owner is an eminent professional person and local historian who has carried out detailed research into the history of Chingle Hall and the families who have lived there since its construction. The house and gardens are private property and are not open to the public. Saint John Wall Some have made the claim that Saint John Wall was born in the Hall in 1620. It is unlikely that he was a member of the Preston Wall family. He became a Roman Catholic priest in 1641. Some have claimed that Chingle Hall was used as a place of worship by Catholics during the time of the Catholic Reformation when it was illegal to practice mass in Britain. In 1678 John Wall was apprehended at Rushock Court near Bromsgrove. He was taken to Worcester jail, where he was offered his life if he would forsake his religion. He declined. Brought back from Worcester, he was drawn and quartered at Redhill on 22 August 1679. His quartered body was given to his friends, and was buried in St. Oswald's churchyard. A Mr. Levison, however, allegedly acquired the martyr's head, and it was treasured by the friars at Worcester until the dissolution of that house during the French Revolution. The Franciscan nuns at Taunton claim to possess a tooth and a bone of the martyr. He was canonised by Pope Paul VI in 1970. See also Listed buildings in Whittingham, Lancashire References Category:Country houses in Lancashire Category:Buildings and structures in Preston Category:Grade II listed buildings in Lancashire Category:Grade II listed houses Category:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Lancashire	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Variety Is the Spice Variety Is the Spice is an album by the Louis Hayes Group recorded in 1978 and released on the Gryphon label. Reception The Allmusic review called it "Excellent, advanced straight-ahead music". Track listing "Kelly Colors" (Harold Mabern) - 6:40 "Little Sunflower" (Freddie Hubbard, Leon Thomas) - 6:43 "Stardust" (Hoagy Carmichael, Mitchell Parish) - 5:11 "What's Going On" (Marvin Gaye, Renaldo Benson, Al Cleveland) - 6:00 "Invitation" (Bronisław Kaper, Paul Francis Webster - 7:06 "Nisha" (Louis Hayes, Thomas) - 5:38 "My Favorite Things" (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II) - 4:19 "Dance With Me" (Peter Brown, Robert Rans) - 4:54 "A Hundred Million Miracles" (Rodgers, Hammerstein) - 4:40 Personnel Louis Hayes – drums Frank Strozier – alto saxophone, flute Harold Mabern – piano, electric piano Cecil McBee – bass Portinho - percussion Titos Sompa - congas Leon Thomas - vocals (tracks 2 & 6) References Category:Louis Hayes albums Category:1979 albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dramsha Dramsha or Drumsha () is a village in Kostinbrod Municipality, Sofia Province Bulgaria. The legend goes that during Ottoman times, the invading Turks couldn't reach the village due to bad weather and non-existent roads. Therefore they called it Drumsha which means "Bad road" in rough translation. Until the late 90s it was lively place often visited by many people coming from Sofia for the summer due to the village's proximity to the capital. However, more recently the population has decreased significantly and Drumsha is somehow less preferred destination. As a result some establishments like restaurant and department store were closed and nowadays most people depend on either home-produced basic goods or import them from Sofia or nearby town of Kostinbrod. Nature is well preserved in and around Drumsha, mainly due to the lesser impact of humans. However, the village - and the region as a whole - suffer from a lack of water. Soil is generally very dry and not fertile. Livestock is common among local population and it is usual for almost every household to have goats, cows, horses, pigs, etc. External links http://en-drumsha.blogspot.com/ - The official site of Dramsha https://web.archive.org/web/20141219052551/http://www.panoramio.com/map#lt=42.931793&ln=23.202095&z=4&k=2 http://dramsha.nikola-bg.com/ Category:Villages in Sofia Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lone Star Card The Lone Star Card is an Electronic Benefit Transfer pin-based card. The card is used for Food Stamp and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families programs for the State of Texas, United States of America. When the program was implemented in 1995 the system became and still remains the largest EBT system in the United States of America. However this distinction is shared with New York state, alternating the position year to year. References External links Texas Food Stamp Program Category:Federal assistance in the United States Category:1995 introductions Category:Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Antoine Guillemet Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Guillemet (June 30, 1843 in Chantilly (Oise) – May 19, 1918 in Mareuil-sur-Belle (Dordogne)) was a French renowned landscape painter and longtime Jury member of the Salon des Artistes Francais. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Biography Antoine Guillemet born in Chantilly, in the Oise, he studied under Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Achille-François Oudinot (1820-1891), Charles-François Daubigny and Gustave Courbet. Guillemet showed an early interest in sailing, a pursuit which was actively discouraged by his parents. He briefly studied law, but this too proved to be a false start. It was in 1859, when he received a commission from a local collector to copy Géricault's famous The Raft of the Medusa Musee d'Amiens, that Guillemet's career as an artist was launched. Two years later, while still only twenty-one, Guillemet was introduced to Corot by Berthe Morisot. Like many of the young artists, Guillemet affectionately called Corot Papa and remained a lifelong admirer of the artist. This meeting led to Guillemet's studying with Corot's pupil Achille Oudinot, and it was through Oudinot, who had property at Auvers-sur-Oise, that Guillemet met Daubigny, Ernest Meissonier, Honoré Daumier, and Antoine-Louis Barye, among others. By 1864 Guillemet had also encountered Édouard Manet, Alfred Stevens, Camille Pissarro, Claude Monet, Gustave Courbet, and Paul Cézanne and later, Henri Fantin-Latour, Edgar Degas and Jean-Frédéric Bazille. When Cézanne finally exhibited at the Salon in 1882, his entry described him as ‘pupil of Guillemet’. It was Guillemet, in fact, who introduced Manet to Cézanne and who first took Émile Zola to Manet's studio. Like almost every ambitious young artist Guillemet realized that he needed to make his mark at the Paris Salon, and in 1865 exhibited L'Etang de Bat (Isère). Just as Paris was important as a venue for the artist to exhibit, it also provided subjects for his brush. Ready to produce large works, unlike many of his contemporaries who sought a more immediate effect, he painted several views of the capital, often using the Seine with its bustling traffic as a central motif. At the Salon of 1874 Guillemet's ambitious entry was a nine-foot painting titled Bercy en décembre, which was praised by both critics and the public and which was promptly purchased by the state for the Musée du Luxembourg, then the national museum for contemporary art. This early success may also explain why the artist continued to show at the Salon instead of accepting the invitation of his friends to join them in exhibiting at the Impressionists shows. Guillemet continued to paint coastal scenes in Normandy, but buoyed by his initial success, he returned throughout his career to painting views of Paris, with several more works acquired by the state, encouraged by the consistent praise of his friend, Émile Zola. In the Exposition Universelle (1889), celebrating the centennial of the French Revolution, Guillemet was represented by seven paintings, including Le Vieux Quai de Bercy and Paris, vue prise de Meudon. In 1891 Guillemet painted a view up the Seine from the sight of these pictures towards the eastern end of the Quai de Bercy titled Le quai de Bercy à Charenton, which was purchased by the Musée de la Ville de Paris, now the Musée Carnavalet and in the same year he produced the present picture, La Seine à Conflans-Charenton. His large-scale works also earned him the description as the ‘grand bourgeois’ of painting, and Manet's criticism that his style was sometimes "excessive". Nonetheless this series is an astonishing achievement, both a valuable record of the city as it was just before the turn of the century and a brilliant demonstration of the ability of a painter to capture the hustle and bustle of a great city while retaining a sense of light and atmosphere that is true to nature. Between 1868 and 1869, he posed for Manet's painting The Balcony. Paintings Pupils Guillemet's students included Paul Cézanne and Jules-Alexandre Grün. References and sources References Sources Antoine Guillemet File, Documentation du Musée d'Orsay, Paris. Album Mariani: portraits, biographies, autographes / par A. Mariani; p. 126 Gallica BnF Paul Cézanne; Ambroise Vollard; Gallica BnF Dictionnaire universel des contemporains: contenant toutes les personnes notables de la France et des pays étrangers...: ouvrage rédigé et tenu à jour, avec le concours d'écrivains et de savants de tous les pays (Sixième éd. entièrement refondue et considérablement augmentée)/ par G. Vapereau; Gallica BnF GUILLEMET; cosmopolitanart.com External links Works Antoine Guillemet in the museums of France; Joconde, culture.gouv.fr ''Works Antoine Guillemet in the museum Orsay, musee-orsay.fr Documentation du Musée d'Orsay, Paris; musee-orsay.fr Benezit Dictionary of Artists, 2006, site Oxford Index (subscription or library membership required) Recueil. Peintres contemporains - 1882, p.17 Gallica BnF Antoine Guillemet (1842-1918) cahiers-naturalistes.com L’ensemble unique de la correspondance manuscrite, en grande partie inédite, d’Antoine Guillemet à Émile Zola, écrite entre 1867 et 1901. camillesourget.com ARCHIM; culture.gouv.fr Category:19th-century French painters Category:French male painters Category:20th-century French painters Category:1843 births Category:1918 deaths Category:Landscape artists Category:French Realist painters Category:French Impressionist painters Category:Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur Category:19th-century male artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Matthew Read Matthew Read may refer to: Matt Read, ice hockey player Matthew Read (chess boxer), opponent of Tim Woolgar Matthew Read (screenwriter) of The Wolves of Kromer See also Matthew Reed (disambiguation) Matthew Reid (disambiguation) Matt Rhead, English footballer	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Newham Recorder The Newham Recorder is a local weekly newspaper distributed in the London Borough of Newham. It is published weekly, on a Wednesday, in the tabloid format by Archant, the UK's largest independently owned regional media business, with a digital edition updated throughout the day. History The newspaper was founded in 1968, three years after the county boroughs of West Ham and East Ham - both of which had previously been part of Essex - were combined to form the new London Borough of Newham. Prior to that, since the early 1900s the area had been served by the East Ham Recorder, a slip edition of the Ilford Recorder. The Recorder won the title of National Campaigning Newspaper of the year in 1995. The Newham Recorders Susan Smith won Feature Writer of the Year at the Eastern Counties Newspaper Group awards in 2007. The Newham title also won the Q Cup, awarded by Archant to its Community Newspaper of the Year in 2009. Archant withdrew the Newham Recorder, along with several other newspapers in its stable, from the ABC circulation figures in 2010 because it felt they didn't properly reflect its size in view of the variety of distribution channels used, with only part being paid for. The newspaper received praise from the police for its coverage of the rioting and criminal disorder of August 2011. Editorial history The newspaper has had only five editors. The first, Tom Duncan, was made a freeman of Newham in recognition of his work in the community. The second, from 1997, was Colin Grainger who joined as a trainee reporter upon leaving a local school in 1972. Grainger left in November 2012 after Archant merged the Recorders news team with that of the Docklands & East London Advertiser. Both weeklies were then controlled by one single editor, Archant's East London Group Editor Malcolm Starbrook. The two papers were "un-merged" in 2014 and the Newham Recorder acquired a new editor, Michael Adkins. In 2017 Lorraine King became the paper's new editor after Adkins was promoted to Archant's Group Editor for London. References Category:London newspapers Category:Media and communications in the London Borough of Newham Category:Weekly newspapers published in the United Kingdom Category:Publications established in 1968 Category:1968 establishments in England	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hablerud Rural District Hablerud Rural District () is a rural district (dehestan) in the Central District of Firuzkuh County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,884, in 1,518 families. The rural district has 15 villages. References Category:Rural Districts of Tehran Province Category:Firuzkuh County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Alpine skiing at the 1990 Asian Winter Games Alpine skiing at the 1990 Asian Winter Games took place in the city of Sapporo, Japan from 10 to 13 March 1990 with four events contested — two each for men and women. Slalom events would later be substituted for Super Giant Slalom events in the next Winter Asiad but reinstated in the 1999 Winter Asian Games in South Korea. Medalists Men Women Medal table References Category:1990 Asian Winter Games events Asian Winter Games 1990	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Nikon Coolpix P6000 The Coolpix P6000 is a digital camera introduced by the Nikon Corporation in August 2008. The built-in GPS (to support geocoding photos automatically) is a first in its price-range. The Ethernet port is also an unusual feature, but the camera is configured to only allow access to Nikon's My Picturetown online photo service. The P6000 was succeeded in 2010 by the larger Coolpix P7000 which lacks GPS. Features 13.5 megapixel CCD sensor EXPEED Image Processing Face-priority AF Bright 2.7-inch High Resolution LCD and Optical Viewfinder Optical Image Stabilization NRW – raw image format Active D-Lighting USB 2.0 Built-in GPS receiver for auto-geotagging magnesium alloy front panel Wireless Optional Remote Control ML-L3 for wireless shutter release VGA video NRW – raw format The raw image format for the Nikon P6000 is NRW. This format is supported in Windows using the Windows Imaging Component (WIC) and on Mac OS X after installation of the Digital Camera Raw Compatibility Update 2.3. On other systems, it will require special software plugins. Adobe Camera Raw 4.6 included preliminary support, and full support is provided in Adobe Camera Raw 5.2. References External links COOLPIX P6000 Product page at Nikon USA COOLPIX P6000 Product page at imaging.nikon.com COOLPIX P6000 at Nikon's COOLPIX microsite P6000	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
William S. Skylstad William Stephen Skylstad (born March 2, 1934 in Omak (Methow) in Okanogan County, Washington) is an American Roman Catholic Bishop. He is Bishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Spokane in Washington retiring June 30, 2010. He is a former President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), having served after Archbishop Wilton Daniel Gregory of Atlanta, Georgia and before Cardinal Francis Eugene George, O.M.I., of Chicago, Illinois. Bishop Skylstad was appointed Apostolic Administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Baker, in Oregon, effective January 24, 2011, upon the appointment of Bishop Robert F. Vasa as Coadjutor Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in California. Biography The oldest of six children, William Skylstad was born in the Okanogan County town of Omak, delivered on a table in the garage. His father was an apple farmer and Norwegian immigrant. He grew up at a farm in the settlement of Skylstad, east of Ålesund in the fjord country of Norway. He was a Lutheran, but the mother (Reneldes Elizabeth Danzl-Skylstad) was a devout Catholic from Minnesota. At age 14, William Skylstad left home to attend seminary, and was trained for the priesthood at Pontifical College Josephinum in Worthington, Ohio. Twelve years later, he was ordained a priest of the Diocese of Spokane on May 21, 1960. Father Skylstad went on to attend Washington State University and serve as an assistant pastor in Pullman, Washington. After that, he was principal of a minor seminary (a type of seminary preparatory high school for boys) in Colbert near Spokane, evaluating student fitness for the priesthood. He also served as pastor of St. Joseph Parish in Colbert, and sat on a personnel board that counseled the bishop on problem priests. In the summer of 1974 Skylstad became pastor at Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary parish, Spokane. In 1976 he was made chancellor of the diocese. He was appointed Bishop of Yakima on February 22, 1977 and consecrated on May 12, 1977, and subsequently appointed fifth Bishop of Spokane on April 17, 1990 and installed on April 27, 1990. Skylstad was appointed Bishop of Spokane to replace Bishop Lawrence Welsh after Welsh was arrested for drunk driving. On June 30, 2010, Pope Benedict XVI accepted the resignation of Bishop Skystad. Sex abuse crisis Starting in 1974 Skystad had been pastor at a parish where the other priest was Father Patrick O'Donnell. It was later alleged by some of O'Donnell's victims that they had informed then-Father Skylstad in the 1970s that they were being abused by Father O'Donnell. USCCB offices held After having served as the Vice President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) since 2001, Bishop Skylstad was elected to a three-year term as the President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) on November 15, 2004. Controversies Amnesty International Abortion Policy change During the years when the USCCB had Bishop Skylstad at the helm, the conference was confronted by the prospect of Amnesty International abandoning its neutral stance on the matter of abortion, and adoption of a policy of furthering abortion as an international human right in certain circumstances. The USCCB made several appeals that such a policy not be applied. In April 2007 the international leadership of AI did so nevertheless. On July 2, 2007, the U.S. Catholic Bishops renewed their earlier appeals to AI. In a statement signed by Bishop Skylstad, the bishops said that AI "trivializes the harm done by abortion. AI's new policy appears to apply to every stage of pregnancy and has already led AI-USA to oppose laws against the killing of partially delivered children. Similarly, the policy of advancing access to abortion to preserve women's 'health,' a word left undefined by AI, has not confined the practice to narrow circumstances, but in American law has led to abortion on demand." At a meeting in Mexico August 11–17, 2007, the International Council of Amnesty International decided to retain the stance laid down in April. Within days, this was decried by bishop Skylstad on behalf of the USCCB. The statement of August 23, 2007 called the change in the organization's longstanding position divisive and an affront to "people in many nations, cultures and religions who share a consistent commitment to all human rights". "Bloody Mary" Controversy In 2006, Bishop William S. Skylstad weighed in on the "Bloody Mary" controversy, relating to an episode of the Comedy Central TV series South Park. In a letter to Viacom's president and CEO, Tom Freston he said that the Viacom-controlled network showed "extreme insensitivity" when it aired the episode. When the series was rerun later in the US, the episode involving the Virgin Mary was omitted. Diocese of Spokane matters The Diocese of Spokane is a diocese of approximately 90,000 Catholics. Under Bishop Skylstad the Diocese of Spokane, in December 2004, declared bankruptcy to protect it from claims of people allegedly abused by clergy. The Diocese of Spokane as part of its bankruptcy agreed to pay at least $48 million as compensation. The money for the settlement would come from insurance companies, the sale of church property, contributions from Catholic groups and from the diocese's parishes. See also Catholic Church hierarchy Catholic Church in the United States Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States List of Catholic bishops of the United States Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops References External links Roman Catholic Diocese of Spokane Official Site Catholic Worker criticism of Skylstad's statements on the Iraq war Episcopal succession Category:American people of Norwegian descent Category:1934 births Category:Pontifical College Josephinum alumni Category:Washington State University alumni Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Spokane Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Yakima Category:American Roman Catholic bishops Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops Category:21st-century Roman Catholic bishops Category:Living people Category:People from Omak, Washington	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kenhorst, Pennsylvania Kenhorst ( ) is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,877 at the 2010 census. Geography Kenhorst is located in central Berks County at (40.308092, -75.944042). It is bordered by the city of Reading to the north and east and by Cumru Township to the south and west, including the census-designated place of Grill to the southeast. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of , all of it land. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 2,679 people, 1,215 households, and 789 families living in the borough. The population density was 4,551.8 people per square mile (1,753.2/km²). There were 1,254 housing units at an average density of 2,130.6 per square mile (820.6/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 95.86% White, 0.82% African American, 0.04% Native American, 1.61% Asian, 1.05% from other races, and 0.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.02% of the population. There were 1,215 households, out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.9% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.72. In the borough the population was spread out, with 18.4% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 24.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males. The median income for a household in the borough was $40,452, and the median income for a family was $44,762. Males had a median income of $37,243 versus $27,162 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $21,379. About 6.1% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 14.1% of those age 65 or over. Gallery References External links Borough of Kenhorst official website Category:Populated places established in 1931 Category:Boroughs in Berks County, Pennsylvania Category:1931 establishments in Pennsylvania	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chitlin' Fooks The Chitlin' Fooks were a duo consisting of Carol Van Dyk, the frontwoman of Dutch alternative rock band Bettie Serveert, and Pascal Deweze of Belgian pop group Sukilove. They released two albums, both on Hidden Agenda Records. The band they performed with consisted of four additional members: Guy van Nueten (piano), Pieter van Buyten (bass), Stoffel Verlackt (drums), and Helder Deploige (multiple instruments). Their albums have been reviewed by PopMatters, Pitchfork Media, and Robert Christgau. Discography Chitlin' Fooks – 2001 Did it Again – 2002 References Category:Dutch musical duos Category:Dutch pop music groups Category:Musical groups established in 2001 Category:2001 establishments in the Netherlands Category:Parasol Records artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Betsy Struthers Betsy Struthers (born 1951) is a Canadian poet and novelist who lives in Peterborough, Ontario. She was co-editor (with Sarah Klassen) and contributor to Poets in the Classroom, an anthology of essays about teaching poetry workshops written by members of the League of Canadian Poets. She was president of the League from 1995 to 1997 and has served as chair of its Education Committee and Feminist Caucus. She works as a freelance editor of academic non-fiction texts. Her book Still won the 2004 Pat Lowther Award for the best book of poetry by a Canadian woman. Works Censored Letters (Mosaic Press, 1984), Saying So out Loud (Mosaic Press, 1988), Found: A Body (fiction) (Simon & Pierre, 1992), Running out of Time (Wolsak and Wynn, 1993), Grave Deeds (fiction) (Simon & Pierre, 1994), Poets in the Classroom (ed.) (Pembroke, 1995), A Studied Death (fiction) (Simon & Pierre, 1995), Virgin Territory (Wolsak & Wynn, 1996), Driven (Black Moss Press, 2000), Still (Black Moss Press, 2003), In Her Fifties (Black Moss Press, 2005), See also List of Canadian poets References Category:1951 births Category:20th-century Canadian novelists Category:20th-century Canadian poets Category:21st-century Canadian poets Category:Canadian women novelists Category:Canadian women poets Category:Canadian feminist writers Category:Living people Category:People from Peterborough, Ontario Category:Writers from Toronto Category:20th-century Canadian women writers Category:21st-century Canadian women writers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Graham Coxon Graham Leslie Coxon (born 12 March 1969) is an English musician, singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and painter who came to prominence as a founding member of the rock band Blur. As the group's lead guitarist and secondary vocalist, Coxon was featured on seven of Blur's studio albums, from 1991's Leisure to 2015's The Magic Whip, despite being absent from the group from 2002 to 2008 owing to a dispute with the other members during the recording of 2003's Think Tank. He has also led a solo career since 1998. As well as being a musician, Coxon was a visual artist: he designed the cover art for all his solo albums as well as Blur's 13 (1999). Coxon plays several instruments and records his albums with little assistance from session musicians. Q magazine critic Adrian Deevoy has written: "Coxon is an astonishing musician. His restless playing style – all chord slides, rapid pulloffs, mini-arpeggios and fractured runs – seems to owe more to his saxophone training than any conventional guitar tuition." An innovative lead guitarist, he has been described by Oasis bandleader Noel Gallagher as "one of the most talented guitarists of his generation." Coxon was voted the 15th greatest guitarist of the last 30 years in a 2010 BBC poll. Early life Coxon was born in Rinteln, West Germany where his father, Bob Coxon, was stationed as a clarinet player and band leader in the British Army. As a child, he moved first to Spondon, in Derby, a period during which he became a fan of Derby County. He then moved to Colchester, Essex, in South East England, where he grew up and met fellow Blur member Damon Albarn at The Stanway School, then known as Stanway Comprehensive, at the age of 11. He appeared on the popular BBC children's show Blue Peter twice. Music career Blur Coxon studied Fine Arts at Goldsmiths College, London, for two years, where early on he met bassist Alex James. In his time there he mixed with upcoming talents such as Damien Hirst, Michael Landy, Sam Taylor-Wood, and Abigail Lane, some of the future leading lights of the Britart movement. He quit college due to the increasing success of his band at the time, Seymour, which later changed its name to Blur because the recording company, Food Records, thought Seymour was too 'student-ish'. They presented a list to the band of preferred names which included "The Shining Path" and "Blur". As well as providing all guitars, backing vocals, and occasional drums, Coxon's lo-fi and alternative musical style and tastes influenced the band's less commercial music in the late 1990s. He sang lead vocals on songs including "Red Necks", "You're So Great" from the album Blur, and "Coffee & TV", as well as a section of the chorus of "Tender", the bridge of "Lonesome Street" and a section of "Thought I Was a Spaceman" on The Magic Whip. During the 1995 period of the media-dubbed 'Battle of Britpop', Coxon became increasingly weary and suspicious of the music industry. His behaviour was occasionally awkward, such as refusing to appear in the video for Blur song "Country House" unless he could dress as a milkman and take no part in any action with which he felt uncomfortable. In November 2001 Coxon was admitted to the Priory Hospital for 28 days to be treated for alcoholism. During this time, Blur began the recording sessions that would produce the material for their next album, Think Tank. In February 2002, Coxon rejoined the band in the studio for the rest of the recording of Think Tank but after five days was asked by then manager Chris Morrison not to go back into the studio as the other members of the band had reported that the session was not going too well with him present. Coxon took this as a sign and left the band. As he stated in an interview in 2006, "I had a breakthrough, I think my life just became calmer, I gave up drinking. My priorities changed as I had a young daughter. The group didn't want me to record for the Think Tank album, so I took it as a sign to leave". His last contribution to Blur was a song called "Battery in Your Leg", the closing song on Blur's 2003 album Think Tank, before leaving the line-up. Damon Albarn later revealed that the song "Sweet Song" was written after he had been looking at a photograph of Coxon. After Damon Albarn's revealing that he and Coxon had rebuilt their relationship, on 9 December 2008, Blur announced that the whole band would reunite for a show at Hyde Park on 3 July 2009. More dates were announced and the band played festival dates at Glastonbury, T in the Park and Oxegen 2009 as well as headlining shows in Manchester, Newcastle, Wolverhampton, Goldsmiths College and the East Anglian Railway Museum in Colchester. Blur also played one show in Lyon, France. On 17 April 2010, the band released their first single since 2003, "Fool's Day", for the Record Store Day event as a 7" limited to 1000 copies. The band released the single as a free download on their official website the next day. More recently Blur announced via the NME website that they would reunite every so often and record more singles, preferably on 7 inch. However, Damon also stated that an album was not on its way as they were all too busy with their own individual projects. On 19 February 2015, Coxon and the band announced on social media that they would be releasing their eighth studio album on 27 April, titled The Magic Whip, Blur's first album in 12 years and first in 16 years in their original lineup. Solo work Coxon had already released three solo albums while a member of Blur before his 2002 departure. His first, released on his own Transcopic label was The Sky Is Too High in 1998, a ramshackle mixture of English folk music and 1960s-style garage rock, influenced by Billy Childish. This was followed by the more extreme The Golden D in 2000 and the thoughtful Dylan-Drakesque Crow Sit on Blood Tree (2001). After going solo full-time, he released The Kiss of Morning in 2002. The album proved to be his most accessible to date and was promoted with the single "Escape Song" which proved to be an interesting hybrid of Syd Barrett's "Octopus" and progressive rock trail-blazers The Nice. In 2004, Coxon released his fifth solo album Happiness in Magazines, produced by ex-Blur and The Smiths producer Stephen Street. This proved to be his most successful album to date, and he received the NME Award for Best Solo Artist in 2005. In March 2006 he released his sixth solo album, called Love Travels at Illegal Speeds, again produced by Stephen Street. It marked Coxon's first album away from his now-defunct indie label 'Transcopic'. The LP was preceded by the singles "Standing on My Own Again" on 27 February and "You & I". Coxon embarked on a tour of the UK, starting at Newcastle University. He was also involved in a single supporting the England national football team at the 2006 FIFA World Cup. The song was a re-working of the Sham 69 hit "Hurry Up Harry", and was released as "Sham 69 and The Special Assembly" (as well as Coxon and Sham 69, Virgin Radio DJ Christian O'Connell, who had run a competition on his show to find a band to record a song in support of the team, was involved in the recording of the song). "Hurry Up England" entered the UK Singles Chart at No. 10. In October 2006, Coxon released a double live album Burnt to Bitz: At the Astoria immediately after his sold-out London Astoria show. The album features 27 songs, with at least one song from each of his albums. In July 2007 Coxon released a single with Paul Weller, called "This Old Town". The single peaked at No. 39 in the UK Singles Chart. Coxon's seventh 15-track studio album titled The Spinning Top, produced again by Stephen Street, was released on 11 May 2009. Coxon stated that the LP, which is primarily acoustic, followed a narrative – the story of a man from birth to death. "The album is mainly an acoustic journey although there is, of course, some explosive electric guitar action," he explained. "There are some guests too! Robyn Hitchcock supplies some counter-attack guitar, Jas Singh plays dilruba and jori with his friends Gurjit Sembhi on taus and Jaskase Singh on esraj. Danny Thompson plays the legendary Victoria, Graham Fox gives plenty of swing on the drums and sizzle cymbals and Louis Vause tinkles the ivories." Pre-release response had been positive, with Monday Field of Frank Booth Review dubbing the album "a staggering artistic achievement, and Coxon's best solo release to date." His eighth solo album A+E was released in April 2012. Coxon wrote and recorded the score for the 2017 Channel 4 / Netflix television series The End of the F*ing World; it was his first original score. The soundtrack was released in January 2018. In September of the same year, Coxon embarked on a solo tour in North America that featured some of the songs from his score. Transcopic and other contributions Coxon's independent label, Transcopic, was co-managed with his friend, and then business partner, Jamie Davis. Davis now runs Independent label Ark Recordings. Coxon illustrated and designed all of his own album art, and collaborated with his friend Nick Craske creating abstract digital work for the release of The Spinning Top; they also filmed two music videos, "Sorrow's Army" and "'In The Morning". Coxon also continued painting a series of personal work, most of which remained unseen until 2004, when he exhibited at the ICA in London. Coxon has also been involved in remixing other peoples tracks, including Idlewild and Lowgold both of which were released as b-sides and the latter remix was later re-released on the bands anthology release Keep Music Miserable. In September 2006, Coxon revealed a musical soundscape, "english shoes squeek", created especially for "Verheaven" an exhibition at London's Riflemaker Gallery of the work of artist Julie Verhoeven. Coxon appeared on John McCusker's Under One Sky, providing the song "All Has Gone". In 2009, Coxon was involved in the creation of the Pete Doherty solo album Grace/Wastelands. Doherty had entered a period of sobriety, during which he holed up with Coxon to work on his debut solo album, Grace/Wasteland, (released 24 March 2009) a diverse collection of 12 songs that bounce between reggae and Doherty's standard post-punk. Coxon played on all but one track on the album. Coxon has also produced albums by Mower and Assembly Line People Programme from his Transcopic label. In 2013, Graham Coxon was involved in a musical project where artists re-recorded the classic Beatles album Please Please Me. The Blur guitarist recorded the song "Baby It's You" live as part of a 10-hour recording session hosted by BBC Radio 2 to mark the 50th anniversary of a challenge set by recording company EMI to The Beatles to record a whole studio album in one session. Instruments and equipment Coxon has primarily used Fender Telecasters throughout his career, particularly a '52 reissue and a customised 1968 model with a Gibson PAF humbucker in the neck position, the latter was reissued by Fender as the Graham Coxon signature model although with some minor changes. Since the Blur reunion in 2009 he almost exclusively used a vintage Telecaster Deluxe. During the Leisure era Coxon also used Gibson Les Pauls and a Fender Jaguar, whilst on some later songs, such as No Distance Left to Run and This Is a Low, Coxon uses a Gibson ES-335. He has occasionally used a heavily modified Fender Musicmaster which can be seen in the Coffee & TV and Beetlebum videos. Coxon plays all the instruments featured in his solo work, and has used a variety of guitars, notably Gibson SGs, and a Burns London Sonic. He has been recently seen playing a Telecaster Custom. Graham recently received a custom made guitar from Gray Guitars - it is a Telecaster-type instrument and features a semi-acoustic body and P90 style pickups. Coxon's playing makes significant use of effects pedals such as distortion, delay (a significant example being "Essex Dogs") and flange (as heard in the pre-chorus of Girls & Boys). He uses a custom made Mike Hill pedalboard which over the years has included: Akai Headrush E2, Boss BF-2 Flanger, Boss CS-3 Compressor/Sustainer, Boss DD-3 Digital Delay, Boss DM-2 Analogue Delay, Boss OD-3, Boss NS-2 Noise Suppressor, Boss PN-2 Tremolo/Pan, Boss RV-5 Digital Reverb, Boss TR-2 Tremolo, Boss TU-2 Tuner, Boss VB-2 Vibrato, DOD Punkifier, Electro-Harmonix HOG, Electro-Harmonix Holy Grail, Line 6 FM4 Filter Modeller, ProCo RAT, Shin-Ei FY-2 Companion Fuzz, T-Rex Mudhoney Distortion. For amplification, he uses two Marshall 1959 SLP heads going in to individual 1968 4x12 cabinets. A detailed gear diagram of Graham Coxon's 1993 Blur guitar rig is well-documented. Other artistic endeavours Coxon is a visual artist and designs all his album sleeves. He has also designed album sleeves for other artists. In July 2006, he wrote and had published a foreword for a new edition of Herman Hesse's Narcissus and Goldmund novel. His work also featured on the cover of English folk singer Kate Rusby's album The Girl Who Couldn't Fly. Personal Life Graham divides his time between London and Los Angeles and is married to long term partner, vocalist, poet and multimedia artist, Essy Syed. They have two daughters between them, Pepper Bäk Troy Coxon, and their youngest, Dorelia Talys Bee Coxon. Solo discography Solo studio albums The Sky Is Too High (1998) The Golden D (2000) Crow Sit on Blood Tree (2001) The Kiss of Morning (2002) Happiness in Magazines (2004) Love Travels at Illegal Speeds (2006) The Spinning Top (2009) A+E (2012) Orignal Scores and Music The End of the Fing World (2018) The End of the F**ing World 2 (2019) I Am Not Okay With This (as Bloodwitch) (2020) References External links Category:1969 births Category:Living people Category:Alternative rock guitarists Category:20th-century English painters Category:English male painters Category:21st-century English painters Category:Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London Category:Blur (band) members Category:English drummers Category:British male drummers Category:English male singers Category:English multi-instrumentalists Category:English songwriters Category:Lead guitarists Category:People from Rinteln Category:Britpop musicians Category:People from Spondon Category:English male guitarists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Moravian Church (Oliphant's Mill, New Jersey) Moravian Church is a historic church building on Swedesboro-Sharptown Road in Woolwich Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1786 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The property is currently under the stewardship of the Gloucester County Historical Society. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Gloucester County, New Jersey Gloucester County Historical Society, Woodbury, New Jersey References Category:Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey Category:Churches completed in 1786 Category:Churches in Gloucester County, New Jersey Category:Moravian churches in the United States Category:National Register of Historic Places in Gloucester County, New Jersey Category:New Jersey Register of Historic Places Category:18th-century churches in the United States Category:Woolwich Township, New Jersey	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bruce Jay Friedman Bruce Jay Friedman (born April 26, 1930, New York, New York) is an American novelist, screenwriter, playwright, and actor. Life and career Friedman was born to a Jewish family and raised in the Bronx, the son of Irving and Mollie (Liebowitz) Friedman. He graduated from DeWitt Clinton High School. In 1954, Friedman worked for many of the era's famous men's magazines through Magazine Management Company. Friedman ended up as an executive editor in charge of the magazines Men (not the present magazine of the same title), Male, and Man's World. In 1962, Friedman published Stern, the first of his eight novels. In 1988, he appeared in Woody Allen's film Another Woman. His collection of short fiction, Three Balconies, appeared in September 2008, from Biblioasis, who also published his 2011 memoir Lucky Bruce. A collection of four plays [Scuba Duba, Steambath, Sardines and The Trial], in a collection titled "3.1 Plays," was published in January 2012 by Leaping Lion Books. Novels Stern (1962) A Mother's Kisses (1964) The Dick (1970) About Harry Towns (1974) Tokyo Woes (1985) The Current Climate (1989) A Father's Kisses (1996) Violencia!: A Musical Novel (2002) Short fiction Black Angels: Stories (1966) Far From the City of Class (1966) Black Humor (1969) (Editor) Let's Hear It for a Beautiful Guy (1985) The Collected Short Fiction of Bruce Jay Friedman (2000) Sexual Pensees (with Andre Barbe) (2006) Three Balconies: Stories and a Novella (2008) Filmography The Heartbreak Kid (1972) (screenplay by Neil Simon) (based on the Short Story "A Change of Plan") The Ted Bessell Show (1973) (TV) Fore Play (1975) (Story) Stir Crazy (1980) Doctor Detroit (with Robert Boris and Carl Gottlieb) (1983) Splash (with Lowell Ganz and Babaloo Mandel) (1984) The Lonely Guy (1984) (screenplay by Neil Simon, Ed. Weinberger and Stan Daniels) (Based on his book "The Lonely Guy's Book of Life") Brazzaville Teen-Ager (2013) (screenplay with Michael Cera) (Based on the short story) Plays Scuba Duba (1967) Steambath (1970) Have You Spoken to Any Jews Lately? (1995) 3.1 Plays (2012) Non-fiction The Rascal's Guide (editor and contributor) (1959) The Lonely Guy's Book of Life (1978) Even The Rhinos Were Nymphos (2000) The Slightly Older Guy (2001) Lucky Bruce: A Literary Memoir (2011) References 2. External links Audio: Bruce Jay Friedman at the Key West Literary Seminar, 2005 Biblioasis site for Lucky Bruce Leaping Lion Books Blogsite following the publication of "3.1 Plays" Category:1930 births Category:20th-century American novelists Category:21st-century American novelists Category:American male novelists Category:American male screenwriters Category:DeWitt Clinton High School alumni Category:Jewish American dramatists and playwrights Category:Jewish American novelists Category:Living people Category:People from the Bronx Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:University of Missouri alumni Category:20th-century American dramatists and playwrights Category:York College, City University of New York faculty Category:American male dramatists and playwrights Category:20th-century American male writers Category:21st-century American male writers Category:Novelists from New York (state) Category:Screenwriters from New York (state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Oopterinus perforatus Oopterinus perforatus is a species of antlike weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. References Further reading Category:Curculioninae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Beetles described in 1873	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Reicheia (beetle) Reicheia is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species: Reicheia ambondrombe (Bulirsch, Janak & Moravec, 2005) Reicheia andohahelana (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia antsifotrae (Basilewsky, 1971) Reicheia baborica Bruneau De Mire, 1955 Reicheia balearica Espanol, 1974 Reicheia balkenohli (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2007) Reicheia basilewskyi (Bulirsch, Janak & Moravec, 2005) Reicheia bergeri (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia bonsae (Basilewsky, 1973) Reicheia brieni Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia brisouti Bedel, 1895 Reicheia caledonica (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia camerounensis Grebennikov, Bulirsch & Magrini, 2009 Reicheia consocia (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia corinna Holdhaus, 1924 Reicheia debeckeri (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia debruynei Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia demirei Grebennikov, Bulirsch & Magrini, 2009 Reicheia descarpentriesi (Basilewsky, 1972) Reicheia deuvei Grebennikov, Bulirsch & Magrini, 2009 Reicheia elongata (Jeannel, 1958) Reicheia endroedyi (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2006) Reicheia exigua (Jeannel, 1957) Reicheia franzi (Basilewsky, 1973) Reicheia gracilis (Jeannel, 1958) Reicheia grandis (Basilewsky, 1971) Reicheia grebennikovi (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2007) Reicheia hintelmanni Grebennikov, Bulirsch & Magrini, 2009 Reicheia hlavaci (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2006) Reicheia humicola (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia irsac Basilewsky, 1953 Reicheia italica Holdhaus, 1924 Reicheia jarmilae (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2006) Reicheia jeanneli Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia kaboboana (Basilewsky, 1960) Reicheia kabyliana Bruneau De Mire, 1955 Reicheia kahuziana Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia leleupi Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia leleupiana (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia lindrothi (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia lucifuga Saulcy, 1862 Reicheia marginodentata Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia margolata (Balkenohl, 2005) Reicheia moritai Balkenohl, 2005 Reicheia numida Jeannel, 1957 Reicheia paludicola (Jeannel, 1958) Reicheia palustris Saulcy, 1870 Reicheia pauliani (Jeannel, 1958) Reicheia peyrierasi (Basilewsky, 1972) Reicheia promontorii Peringuey, 1896 Reicheia sciakyi (Bulirsch & Magrini, 2007) Reicheia subgrandis (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia subterranea Putzeys, 1866 Reicheia transita (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia tsitsikamae (Basilewsky, 1980) Reicheia uluguruana (Basilewsky, 1962) Reicheia vandenberghei Basilewsky, 1951 Reicheia viettei (Basilewsky, 1976) Reicheia vohidray (Bulirsch, Janak & Moravec, 2005) References Category:Scaritinae	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Nuno Durão Nuno Manuel Macieira Durão (born 1962) is a Portuguese rugby union footballer and coach. He's usually considered one of the best players of his generation. He played in several positions, often as wing and fly-half. He spent most of his playing career, starting aged 14, at Cascais, winning several National Championship and Cup of Portugal titles. He also helped Cascais to win the Iberian Cup. He was the player-coach of Cascais Rugby Linha, from the Portuguese II Division. They lost the final to Vitória Setúbal, in 2008, but won it in 2009. Nuno Durão won 44 caps for Portugal, from 1983 to 1996, scoring 1 try, 4 points in aggregate. He had his debut at 26 March 1983, in a 25-4 loss to Spain, in Madrid, for the FIRA Championship D2, Pool B. His last match was at 2 March 1996, in a 64-3 loss to Italy, in Lisbon, for the FIRA Championship D1, Pool 2. He played in the qualifying rounds for the Rugby World Cup finals of 1991 and 1995. He was also, with João Queimado, from Benfica, one of the two first Portuguese rugby union players to be selected for a FIRA team, playing in Namibia, in 1991. External links Nuno Durão Statistics Category:1962 births Category:Living people Category:Portuguese rugby union players Category:Portuguese rugby union coaches Category:Rugby union wings Category:Rugby union fly-halves Category:People from Cascais	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Turquzabad Turquzabad (, also Romanized as Ţūrqūzābād) is a village in Kahrizak Rural District, Kahrizak District, Ray County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,803, in 669 families. Atomic warehouse On September 27, 2018, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu showed the UN General Assembly a photo of an alleged nuclear storage facility in Turquzabad. On 08 September 2019, nearly a year after Benjamin Netanyahu's claim about the secret nuclear storage in Turquzabad, Reuters reported quoting two diplomats close to the International Atomic Energy Agency as saying that uranium samples were found at the site. References Category:Populated places in Ray County, Iran	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pectinatus Pectinatus is a genus of Firmicutes bacteria classified within the class Negativicutes. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 111 by The All-Species Living Tree Project References Category:Veillonellaceae Category:Gram-negative bacteria Category:Bacteria genera	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ulrich Meister Ulrich Meister (4 January 1838 – 3 February 1917) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1902). References External links Category:Members of the National Council (Switzerland) Category:1838 births Category:1917 deaths	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bumbarash Bumbarash () is a 1971 Soviet adventure film, a musical comedy in two episodes loosely based on some early works and the novel Bumbarash by Arkady Gaidar. Plot It is a period of Civil War. Former Imperial Russian Army Pvt Bumbarash was a prisoner of war to Austria, but now is returning to his home village, where all, including his beloved girlfriend, believe he is dead. The rule in the village is periodically changing between White, Bolshevik Red and then, the "bandits". Bumbarash is trying to survive in this chaos and to return to his love. Cast Valeri Zolotukhin as Bumbarash Yekaterina Vasilyeva as Sofia Nikolayevna Yuri Smirnov as Gavrila Lev Durov as the Miller Roman Tkachuk as Commissar Zaplatin Natalya Dmitriyeva Aleksandr Khochinsky as Levka Demchenko Aleksandra Belina as Yashka Leonid Bakshtayev as Chubatov Nikolai Dupak as Sovkov Margarita Krinitsyna Lev Perfilov Yuri Sherstnyov Aleksandr Filippenko (cameo appearance) External links Category:1971 films Category:Soviet films Category:1970s adventure comedy films Category:1970s musical comedy films Category:Soviet adventure films Category:Soviet musical comedy films Category:Russian-language films Category:Russian Civil War films Category:Dovzhenko Film Studios films Category:1970s historical comedy films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela was a Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California given in 1837 to Ygnacio Machado. The name means "Sentinel of Waters" in Spanish, and refers to the artesian water in the area exemplified by Centinela Springs. Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela included parts of present-day Westchester and Inglewood. History Rancho Ajuaje de la Centinela, was once part of the Rancho Sausal Redondo, and Ygnacio Machado had encroached on the land claimed by Antonio Avila, and was awarded provisional title to this land at the same time that Antonio Avila received his land grant for the balance of the Rancho Sausal Redondo in 1837. In 1845, Machado traded the rancho to Bruno Avila, brother of Antonio Avila, for a small tract in the Pueblo of Los Angeles. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican–American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Aguaje de la Centinela was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to Bruno Avila in 1872. Bruno Avila, unable to repay his debts, lost his property through foreclosure in 1857. Subsequent to this, the Rancho Ajuaje de la Centinela changed hands a number of times. Robert Burnett acquired the Rancho Ajuaje de la Centinela from Joseph Lancaster Brent in 1860. In 1868, Burnett added the Rancho Sausal Redondo, joining the two ranchos again. Burnett returned to Scotland, and leased the of the combined ranchos to Catherine Freeman (wife of Daniel Freeman) in 1873; with an agreement that she could eventually buy the ranchos outright. After Catherine's death in 1874, Daniel Freeman began the commercial development of the real estate. He became one of the directors of the Centinela Land Company, which started in 1874, with the purpose of developing commercially the Rancho Centinela. The venture failed, but Freeman was central in another undertaking, that of the Centinela-Inglewood Land Company in 1887 to develop what would be known as the town of Inglewood. Historic sites of the Rancho Centinela Springs. Bubbling springs once flowed here. Centinela Adobe is an adobe house constructed in 1834 by Ygnacio Machado. References External links Library of Congress Online: Map of old Spanish and Mexican ranchos in Los Angeles County Aguaje de la Centinela Aguaje de la Centinela Category:History of Los Angeles Category:Inglewood, California Category:Westchester, Los Angeles Agua Agua Category:19th century in Los Angeles	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bob Day (disambiguation) Bob Day (born 1952) is a politician and businessman in South Australia, Australia. Bob Day may also refer to: Bob Day (athlete) (1944–2012), American long-distance runner Bob Day, character in New Girl Bob Day (musician) (1941-2013), British musician in The Allisons See also Robert Day (disambiguation)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Software management review A Software management review is a management study into a project's status and allocation of resources. It is different from both a software engineering peer review, which evaluates the technical quality of software products, and a software audit, which is an externally conducted audit into a project's compliance to specifications, contractual agreements, and other criteria. Process A management review can be an informal process, but generally requires a formal structure and rules of conduct, such as those advocated in the IEEE standard, which are: Evaluate entry? Management preparation? Plan the structure of the review Overview of review procedures? [Individual] Preparation? [Group] Examination? Rework/follow-up? [Exit evaluation]? Definition In software engineering, a management review is defined by the IEEE as: A systematic evaluation of a software acquisition, supply, development, operation, or maintenance process performed by or on behalf of management ... [and conducted] to monitor progress, determine the status of plans and schedules, confirm requirements and their system allocation, or evaluate the effectiveness of management approaches used to achieve fitness for purpose. Management reviews support decisions about corrective actions, changes in the allocation of resources, or changes to the scope of the project. Management reviews are carried out by, or on behalf of, the management personnel having direct responsibility for the system. Management reviews identify consistency with and deviations from plans, or adequacies and inadequacies of management procedures. This examination may require more than one meeting. The examination need not address all aspects of the product." References Category:Software review	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kartika Airlines Kartika Airlines was an airline based in Jakarta, Indonesia. It operated domestic services from Jakarta. Its main base was Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Jakarta. Kartika Airlines is listed in category 2 by Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority for airline safety quality. History The airline was established in 2001 and started operations on 15 May 2001. It is wholly owned by PT Truba. The airline was grounded in November 2004 and resumed services on 15 June 2005, before finally ceasing operations in 2010. Kartika Airlines was among the Indonesian carriers blacklisted by the European Union Civil Aviation Authority. Destinations Jakarta – Halim Perdanakusuma Airport Hub Jakarta – Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Medan – Polonia Airport Palembang – Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport Semarang Yogyakarta – Adisutjipto International Airport Pangkalan Bun – Iskandar Airport Padang – Minangkabau International Airport Terminated destinations Asia – Padang, Denpasar, Tarakan, Manado, Makassar, Banjarmasin, Balikpapan, Ternate, Semarang, Surabaya, Pontianak, Palangkaraya – Penang, Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Johor Bharu – Hong Kong – Taipei Fleet The Kartika Airlines fleet included the following aircraft: References External links Category:Defunct airlines of Indonesia Category:Airlines established in 2001 Category:Airlines disestablished in 2010 Category:2001 establishments in Indonesia Category:2010 disestablishments in Indonesia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Richard Blumenthal Richard Blumenthal (; born February 13, 1946) is an American attorney and politician who is the senior United States Senator from Connecticut since 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Serving as the state's senior senator since 2013, he is ranked as one of the wealthiest members of the Senate, with a net worth of over $100 million. Previously, he served as Attorney General of Connecticut from 1991 to 2011. Born in Brooklyn, New York, Blumenthal attended Riverdale Country School, a private school in the Bronx. He graduated from Harvard College, where he was editorial chairman of The Harvard Crimson. He studied for a year at Trinity College, Cambridge, in England before attending Yale Law School, where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal. While at Yale, he was a classmate of Bill and Hillary Clinton, future President and Secretary of State, respectively. From 1970 to 1976, Blumenthal served in the United States Marine Corps Reserve, where he attained the rank of sergeant. After law school, Blumenthal passed the bar and served as administrative assistant and law clerk for several Washington, D.C. figures. From 1977 to 1981, he was United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut. In the early 1980s he worked in private law practice, including serving as volunteer counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. He first served one term in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987; in 1986 he was elected to the Connecticut Senate and began service in 1987. He was elected as Attorney General of Connecticut in 1990, and served for twenty years. During this period political observers speculated about him as a contender for Governor of Connecticut, but he never pursued the office. Blumenthal announced his 2010 run for U.S. Senate after incumbent Democratic Sen. Chris Dodd announced his retirement. He faced Linda McMahon, a professional wrestling magnate, in the 2010 election, winning by a 12-point margin with 55 percent of the vote. He was sworn in on January 5, 2011. He was assigned to the Senate Armed Services; Judiciary; Aging; and Health, Education, Labor and Pensions committees. After the retirement of Joe Lieberman in 2013, Blumenthal became senior senator for the state. He won re-election in 2016 with 63.2% of the vote, becoming the first person to receive more than one million votes in a statewide election in Connecticut. Early life and education Blumenthal was born into a Jewish family in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Jane (née Rosenstock) and Martin Blumenthal. He has a brother, David Blumenthal, who became President of the Commonwealth Fund. Their father became president of a commodities trading firm. His maternal grandfather, Fred "Fritz" Rosenstock, raised cattle on his farm, where Blumenthal and his brother often visited as youths. Their father Martin had immigrated to the United States alone at the age of 17 from Frankfurt, Germany. Blumenthal attended Riverdale Country School in the Riverdale section of the Bronx before graduating from Harvard College with a A.B. degree magna cum laude as a member of Phi Beta Kappa. As an undergraduate, he was editorial chairman of The Harvard Crimson. Blumenthal was a summer intern reporter for The Washington Post in the London Bureau. Blumenthal was selected for a Fiske Fellowship, which allowed him to study at the University of Cambridge in England for one year after graduation from Harvard College. In 1973, Blumenthal received his J.D. degree from Yale Law School, where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal. While at Yale, he was classmates with Bill Clinton, future President, and Hillary Clinton, future Secretary of State. One of his co-editors on the Yale Law Journal was Robert Reich, future United States Secretary of Labor. He was also classmate of Clarence Thomas, later appointed as Associate Justice on the Supreme Court, and radio host Michael Medved. Military service Blumenthal received five draft deferments during the Vietnam War, obtaining first educational deferments, and then deferments based on his occupation. With part-time service in the reserves or National Guard generally regarded as an alternative for those wishing to avoid serving in Vietnam, in April 1970 Blumenthal enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve. He served in units in Washington, D.C., and Connecticut from 1970 to 1976, attaining the rank of sergeant. During his 2010 Senate campaign, news report videos that showed Blumenthal claim that he'd served "in Vietnam" created a controversy. Blumenthal denied having intentionally misled voters, but acknowledged having occasionally "misspoken" about his service record. He later apologized to voters for remarks about his military service which he said had not been "clear or precise". Early political career Blumenthal served as administrative assistant to Sen. Abraham A. Ribicoff, as aide to Daniel P. Moynihan when Moynihan was Assistant to President Richard Nixon, and as a law clerk to Judge Jon O. Newman, U.S. District Court of the District of Connecticut, and to Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun. Before he became Attorney General, Blumenthal was a partner in the law firm of Cummings & Lockwood, and subsequently in the law firm of Silver, Golub & Sandak. In December 1982, while still at Cummings & Lockwood, he created and chaired the Citizens Crime Commission of Connecticut, a private, non-profit organization. From 1981 to 1986, he was a volunteer counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. At age 31, he was appointed as United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, serving from 1977 to 1981. As the chief federal prosecutor of that state, he successfully prosecuted many major cases involving drug traffickers, organized crime, white collar criminals, civil rights violators, consumer fraud, and environmental pollution. In 1982, he married Cynthia Allison Malkin. She is the daughter of real estate investor Peter L. Malkin and his wife. Her maternal grandfather was lawyer and philanthropist Lawrence Wien. In 1984, when he was 38, Blumenthal was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives, representing the 145th district. In 1987, he won a special election to fill a vacancy in the 27th District of the Connecticut Senate, at the age of 41. Blumenthal resided in Stamford, Connecticut. In the 1980s, Blumenthal testified in the State Legislature in favor of abolishing Connecticut's death penalty statute. He did so after representing Joseph Green Brown, a Florida death row inmate who was later found to have been wrongly convicted. Blumenthal succeeded in staving off Brown's execution just 15 hours before it was scheduled to take place, and gained a new trial for Brown. Attorney General career Blumenthal was first elected as the 23rd Attorney General of Connecticut in 1990; he was re-elected in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. On October 10, 2002 he was awarded the Raymond E. Baldwin Award for Public Service by the Quinnipiac University School of Law. Pequot land annexation bid In May 1995, Blumenthal and the state of Connecticut filed lawsuits challenging a decision by the Department of the Interior to approve a bid by the federally recognized Mashantucket Pequot for annexation of 165 acres of land in the towns of Ledyard, North Stonington and Preston. The Pequot were attempting to have the land placed in a Federal trust, a legal designation to provide them with land for their sovereign control, as long years of colonization had left them landless. Blumenthal argued that the Interior Department's decision in support of this action was "fatally, legally flawed, and unfair," and that "it would unfairly remove land from the tax rolls of the surrounding towns and bar local control over how the land is used, while imposing [a] tremendous burden." The tribe announced the withdrawal of the land annexation petition in February 2002. Interstate air pollution In 1997, both Blumenthal and Governor John G. Rowland petitioned the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address interstate air pollution problems created from Midwest and southeastern sources. The petition was filed in accordance with Section 126 of the Clean Air Act, which allows a United States state to request pollution reductions from out-of-state sources that contribute significantly to its air quality problems. In 2003, Blumenthal and the Attorneys General of eight other states (New York, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont) filed a federal lawsuit against the Bush Administration for "endangering air quality by gutting a critical component of the federal Clean Air Act." The suit alleged that changes in the Act would have exempted thousands of industrial air pollution sources from the Act's New Source Review provision and that the new rules and regulations would lead to an increase in air pollution. Big Tobacco While Attorney General, Blumenthal was one of the leaders of a 46-state lawsuit against the tobacco industry, which alleged that the companies involved had deceived the public about the dangers of smoking. Blumenthal argued that the state of Connecticut should be reimbursed for Medicaid expenses related to smoking. In 1998, the tobacco companies reached a $246 billion national settlement, giving the 46 states involved 25 years of reimbursement payments. Connecticut's share of the settlement was estimated at about $3.6 billion. In December 2007, Blumenthal filed suit against RJ Reynolds alleging that a 2007 Camel advertising spread in Rolling Stone magazine used cartoons in violation of the master tobacco settlement, which prohibited the use of cartoons in cigarette advertising because they entice children and teenagers to smoke. The company paid the state of Connecticut $150,000 to settle the lawsuit and agreed to end the advertising campaign in question. Microsoft lawsuit In May 1998, Blumenthal, along with Attorneys General from 19 other states and the District of Columbia, filed an anti-trust lawsuit against Microsoft, accusing the company of abusing its monopoly power to stifle competition. The suit, which centered on Microsoft's Windows 98 operating system and the company's contractual restrictions imposed on personal computer manufacturers to tie the operating system to its Internet Explorer browser, was eventually merged with a federal case brought by the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) under Attorney General Janet Reno. A 2000 landmark federal court decision ruled that Microsoft had violated antitrust laws, and the court ordered that the company be broken up. In 2001, the federal appeals court agreed, but rather than break up the company, it sent the case to a new judge to hold hearings and determine appropriate remedies. Remedies were later proposed by Blumenthal and eight other attorneys general; these included requiring that Microsoft license an unbundled version of Windows in which middleware and operating system code were not commingled. In 2001, the Bush Administration's DOJ settled with Microsoft in an agreement criticized by many states and other industry experts as insufficient. In November 2002, a federal court ruling imposed those same remedies. --> In August 2007, Blumenthal, along with five other states and the District of Columbia, filed a report alleging that the federal settlement with Microsoft, and court-imposed Microsoft remedies, had failed to adequately reduce Microsoft's monopoly. Stanley Works On May 10, 2002 then Attorney General Blumenthal and Connecticut State Treasurer Denise L. Nappier helped to stop the hostile takeover of New Britain-based Stanley Works, a major Connecticut employer, by filing a lawsuit alleging that the move to reincorporate in Bermuda based on a shareholder's vote of May 9 was "rife with voting irregularities." The agreement to temporarily halt the move was signed by New Britain Superior Court Judge Marshall Berger. On June 3 Blumenthal referred the matter to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for further investigation and on June 25 he testified before the U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means that "Long-time American corporations with operations in other countries can dodge tens of millions of dollars in federal taxes by the device of reincorporating in another country" by "simply [filing] incorporation papers in a country with friendly tax laws, open a post-office box and hold an annual meeting there" and that Stanley Works, along with "Cooper Industries, Seagate Technologies, Ingersoll-Rand and PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting, to name but a few, have also become pseudo-foreign corporations for the sole purpose of saving tax dollars." Blumenthal stated that "Corporations proposing to reincorporate to Bermuda, such as Stanley, often tell shareholders that there is no material difference in the law" but said that this was not the case and was misleading to their shareholders. In order to rectify this situation he championed the Corporate Patriot Enforcement Act to close tax loopholes. Tomasso Group and Rowland corruption Blumenthal was involved in a series of lawsuits against associates of Connecticut Governor Rowland and the various entities of the Tomasso Group over Tomasso's bribing of state officials including Rowland in exchange for the awarding of lucrative state contracts. Blumenthal subpoenaed Tomasso Brothers Inc.; Tomasso Brothers Construction Co.; TBI Construction Co. LLC; Tunxis Plantation Country Club; Tunxis Management Co.; Tunxis Management Co. II; and Tenergy Water LLC (all part of the Tomasso Group). Lawyers for the Tomasso Group argued that the Attorney General had no special power to look into the operations of private firms under whistleblower law as no actual whistleblowers had come forward and all incriminating testimony was in related federal cases. Connecticut law requires the Attorney General to both be the attorney for the state and to investigate the state government's misdeeds, and the rules governing the office did not adequately address this inherent conflict of interest. The state's case against the Tomasso Group ended in failure but federal investigations ended in prison sentences for the Group's president, Governor Rowland, and a number of his associates. The Tomasso Group stopped bidding on state contracts to avoid a substantial legal challenge from Blumenthal under newly written compliance statutes. Charter schools lawsuit In September 1999, Blumenthal announced a lawsuit against Robin Barnes, the president and treasurer of New Haven-based charter school the Village Academy, for serious financial mismanagement of the state-subsidized charitable organization. Citing common law, Blumenthal's suit sought to recover money misspent and serious damages resulting from Barnes's alleged breach of duty. In a Connecticut Supreme Court decision, Blumenthal v. Barnes (2002), a unanimous court determined that the state's Attorney General could act using only the powers specifically authorized by the state legislature, and that since the Attorney General's jurisdiction is defined by statute rather than common law, Blumenthal lacked the authority to cite common law as the basis for filing suit against Barnes. Despite this ruling, Blumenthal announced that he intended to pursue a separate 2000 lawsuit against the school's trustees filed on behalf of the State Department of Education. Regional transmission organization In 2003 Blumenthal, along with former Massachusetts Attorney General Tom Reilly, Rhode Island Attorney General Patrick C. Lynch, and consumer advocates from Connecticut, Maine, and New Hampshire, opposed "the formation of a regional transmission organization (RTO) that would merge three Northeast and mid-Atlantic power operators, called Independent Service Operators (ISOs), into a single super-regional RTO." In a press release he is quoted as saying "This fatally flawed RTO proposal will raise rates, reduce accountability and reward market manipulation. It will increase the power and profits of transmission operators with an immediate $40 million price tag for consumers." The opposition was due to a report authored by Synapse Energy Economics, Inc., a Cambridge-based energy consulting firm, which alleged that consumers would be worse off under the merger. Gina Kolb lawsuit In 2004, Blumenthal sued Computer Plus Center of East Hartford and its owner, Gina Kolb, on behalf of the state. It was alleged that CPC overcharged $50 per computer, $500,000 in total, on a three-year, $17.2 million contract to supply computers to the state. Blumenthal sued for $1.75 million. Kolb was arrested in 2004 and charged with first degree larceny. Kolb later countersued, claiming the state had grossly abused its power. Kolb was initially awarded $18.3 million in damages; however, the Attorney General appealed the decision and the damages initially awarded were slashed by 90 percent to $1.83 million. In ruling, Superior Court judge Barry Stevens described the jury's initial award of $18.3 million as a "shocking injustice" and said it was "influenced by partiality or mistake." Big East and ACC Attorney General Blumenthal played a pivotal role in one of the biggest college athletics stories of the decade; expansion of the Atlantic Coast Conference and the departures of Boston College, Miami, and Virginia Tech from the Big East. He led efforts by the Big East football schools (Virginia Tech, Rutgers, Pittsburgh, and West Virginia) in legal proceedings against the Atlantic Coast Conference, the University of Miami and Boston College, accusing them of improper disclosure of confidential information and of conspiring to dismantle the Big East. According to Blumenthal, the case was pursued because "the future of the Big East Conference was at risk—the stakes huge for both state taxpayers and the university's good name." The suits cost the schools involved $2.2 million in the first four months of litigation. The lawsuit against the ACC was initially dismissed on jurisdictional grounds but was subsequently refiled. A declaratory judgment by the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts exonerated Boston College in the matter. Virginia Tech accepted an invitation from the ACC and withdrew from the suit to remove themselves from the awkward position of suing their new conference. An out-of-court settlement in the amount of $5 million was eventually reached, which included a $1 million exit fee that Boston College was required to pay the Big East under the league's constitution. Some have speculated that the lawsuit was one of the biggest reasons that the University of Connecticut was not sought after by the ACC during their 2011 additions of then-Big East members Syracuse and Pittsburgh. UConn is currently a member of the less-lucrative American Athletic Conference, the successor to the original Big East. Interstate 84 On October 2, 2006, Blumenthal launched an investigation concerning a botched reconstruction project of the Interstate 84 in Waterbury and Cheshire. The original contractor for the job, L.G. DeFelice, went out of business and it was later revealed that hundreds of storm drains had been improperly installed. Blumenthal subsequently announced lawsuits against L.G. DeFelice and the Maguire Group, the engineering firm that inspected the project. United States Fidelity & Guaranty, the insurer behind the performance bond for the Interstate-84 construction, agreed to pay $17.5 million to settle the claims. Under the terms of the agreement, the state of Connecticut retained the right to sue L.G. DeFelice for additional funds. In 2009, the bonding company agreed to pay an additional $4.6 million settlement, bringing the total award to $22.1 million ($30,000 more than the repair costs). Lyme disease guidelines investigation In November 2006, Blumenthal launched an antitrust investigation into the Infectious Diseases Society of America's (IDSA's) 2006 guidelines regarding the treatment of Lyme disease. Responding to concerns from chronic Lyme disease advocacy groups, Blumenthal claimed the IDSA guidelines would "severely constrict choices and legitimate diagnosis and treatment options for patients." The medical validity of the IDSA guidelines was not challenged, and a journalist writing in Nature Medicine suggested some IDSA members may not have disclosed potential conflicts of interest, while a Forbes piece described Blumenthal's investigation as "intimidation" of scientists by an elected official with close ties to Lyme advocacy groups. The Journal of the American Medical Association described the decision as an example of the "politicization of health policy" that went against the weight of scientific evidence and may have a chilling effect on future decisions by medical associations. In 2008, Blumenthal ended the investigation after the IDSA agreed to conduct a review of the guidelines. In 2010, an eight-member independent review panel unanimously agreed that the original 2006 guideline recommendations were "medically and scientifically justified" in the light of the evidence. The committee did not change any of the earlier recommendations but did alter some of the language in an executive summary of the findings. Blumenthal said he would review the final report. Internet pornography, prostitution, and sexual predators MySpace/Facebook In March 2006, Blumenthal noted that more than seven incidents of sexual assault in Connecticut had been linked directly to MySpace contacts. Earlier that year, Blumenthal and attorneys general in at least five other states were involved in discussions with MySpace that resulted in the implementation of technological changes aimed at protecting children from pornography and child predators on the company's website. At Blumenthal's urging, MySpace installed a link to free blocking software ("K9 Web Protection"); however, in May 2006, Blumenthal announced that the site had failed to make the program easy to find and that it was not clearly labeled. Blumenthal also urged MySpace to take further steps to safeguard children, including purging deep links to pornography and inappropriate material, tougher age verification, and banning users under 16. Blumenthal was co-chair, along with North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper, of the State Attorney General Task Force on Social Networking. In 2008, the attorneys general commissioned the Internet Safety Technical Task Force report, which researched "ways to help squash the onslaught of sexual predators targeting younger social-networking clients". Blumenthal's office subpoenaed MySpace for information about the number of registered sex offenders on its site. In 2009, MySpace revealed that over a 2-year span it had roughly 90,000 members who were registered sex offenders (nearly double what MySpace officials had originally estimated one year prior). Blumenthal accused MySpace of having "monstrously inadequate counter-measures" to prevent sex offenders from creating MySpace profiles. Blumenthal and Cooper secured agreements from MySpace and Facebook to push toward making their companies' sites safer. Both sites implemented dozens of safeguards, including finding better ways to verify users' ages, banning convicted sex offenders from using the sites, and limiting the ability of older users to search members under 18. Craigslist In March 2008, Blumenthal issued a letter to Craigslist attorneys demanding that the website cease allowing postings for erotic services, which he claimed promoted prostitution, and he accused the site of "turning a blind eye" to the problem. Blumenthal worked with Craigslist and a group of 40 attorneys general to create new measures on the site designed to thwart ads for prostitution and other illegal sexual activities. In April 2009, Craigslist came under the scrutiny of law enforcement agencies following the arrest of Philip Markoff (aka the "Craigslist Killer"), suspected of killing a 25-year-old masseuse he met through Craigslist at a Boston hotel. Blumenthal subsequently called for a series of specific measures to fight prostitution and pornography on Craigslist—including steep financial penalties for rule breaking, and incentives for reporting wrongdoing. Blumenthal claimed that "Craigslist has the means—and moral obligation—to stop the pimping and prostituting in plain sight." Blumenthal, leading a coalition of 39 states, subpoenaed Craigslist in May 2010 as part of an investigation into whether the site was taking sufficient action to curb prostitution ads and whether it was profiting from them. Blumenthal stated that prostitution ads had remained on the site despite previous assurances that they would be removed. The subpoena sought documents related to the company's processes for reviewing potentially objectionable ads, as well as documents detailing the revenue gained from ads sold to the company's erotic services and adult services categories. In August 2010, Blumenthal called on the website to shut down the section permanently and take steps to eradicate prostitution ads from other parts of the site. Blumenthal also called on Congress to alter a landmark communications law (Communications Decency Act) that Craigslist has cited in defense of the ads. Following continued pressure, Craigslist removed the adult services sections from its U.S. sites in September 2010 and from its international sites in December 2010. Blumenthal called the company's decision a victory against sexual exploitation of women and children, and against human trafficking connected to prostitution. Blumenthal and other state attorneys general reached a settlement with Craigslist on the issue; the settlement called for the company to charge people via credit card for any ads that were suggestive in nature so the person could be tracked down if they were determined to in fact be offering prostitution. However, Blumenthal remarked that subsequent to the settlement, the ads had continued to flourish using veiled code words. Terrorist surveillance program In October 2007, Blumenthal and the attorneys general of four other states lobbied Congress for the rejection of proposals to provide immunity from litigation to telecommunications firms that cooperated with the federal government's terrorist surveillance program following the September 11 attacks in 2001. In 2008 the Congress passed and President George W. Bush signed into law a new terrorist surveillance bill including the telecom immunity provisions opposed by Blumenthal. Countrywide Financial In August 2008 Blumenthal announced that Connecticut had joined California, Illinois and Florida in suing subprime mortgage lender Countrywide Financial (now owned by Bank of America) for fraudulent business practices. The suit alleged that Countrywide pushed consumers into "deceptive, unaffordable loans and workouts, and charged homeowners in default unjustified and excessive legal fees." According to Blumenthal, "Countrywide conned customers into loans that were clearly unaffordable and unsustainable, turning the American Dream of homeownership into a nightmare" and when consumers defaulted, "the company bullied them into workouts doomed to fail." Blumenthal also claimed that Countrywide "crammed unconscionable legal fees into renegotiated loans, digging consumers deeper into debt" and that the company "broke promises that homeowners could refinance, condemning them to hopelessly unaffordable loans." The lawsuit demanded that Countrywide make restitution to affected borrowers, give up improper gains and rescind, reform or modify all mortgages that broke state laws. It is also sought civil fines of up to $100,000 per violation of state banking laws, and up to $5,000 per violation of state consumer protection laws. In October 2008 Bank of America initially agreed to settle the states' suits for $8.4 billion, and in February 2010, Countrywide mailed payments of $3,452.54 to 370 Connecticut residents. The settlement forced Bank of America to establish a $150 million fund to help repay borrowers whose homes had been foreclosed upon, $1.3 million of which went to Connecticut. Blumenthal commented in defense of U.S. Senator and chairman of the Senate Banking Committee Christopher Dodd, who had been harshly criticized for accepting a VIP loan from Countrywide, stating that "there's no evidence of wrongdoing on [Mr. Dodd's] part any more than victims who were misled or deceived by Countrywide." In August 2010, Dodd was cleared by the Senate Ethics Committee, which found "no credible evidence" that he knowingly tried to use his status as a U.S. senator to receive loan terms not available to the public. Global warming Blumenthal has been a vocal advocate of the position that human activity is responsible for rising global temperatures and that prompt action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions must be taken. He has urged the Environmental Protection Agency to declare carbon dioxide as a dangerous air pollutant. "I urge the new Obama EPA to declare carbon dioxide a danger to human health and welfare so we can at last begin addressing the potentially disastrous threat global warming poses to health, the environment and our economy. We must make up for lost time before it's too late to curb dangerous warming threatening to devastate the planet and human society." He has brought suit against a number of electric utilities in the Midwest, arguing that coal-burning power plants are generating excess emissions. In 2009, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals agreed to allow Blumenthal's lawsuit to proceed. Blumenthal personally has stated "no reputable climate scientist disputes the reality of global warming. It is fact, plain and simple. Dithering will be disastrous." Trump emoluments lawsuit Blumenthal, together with Rep. John Conyers Jr. of Michigan, led a group of 196 congressmen in the filing of a federal lawsuit accusing President Trump of violating the emoluments clause of the US Constitution. Prospect of gubernatorial candidacy Blumenthal was frequently considered a top prospect as the Democratic candidate for Governor of Connecticut but he did not run against Republican governors John G. Rowland or M. Jodi Rell in the elections of 1998, 2002, and 2006. On March 18, 2007, Hartford Courant columnist Kevin Rennie reported Blumenthal had become seriously interested in running for Governor in 2010. On February 2, 2009, Blumenthal announced he would forgo a gubernatorial run and seek re-election that year as Attorney General. U.S. Senate 2010 election After Sen. Chris Dodd announced on January 6, 2010 that he would retire at the end of his term, Blumenthal told the Associated Press that he would run in the election for Dodd's seat in November 2010. Later that day, President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden called Blumenthal to express their best wishes. The same day, Public Policy Polling released a poll they took on the two preceding evenings, including races where Blumenthal was paired against each of the three most mentioned Republicans contending for their party's nomination for the seat. He led by at least 30% in each hypothetical race: against Rob Simmons (59%–28%), against Linda McMahon (60%–28%), and against Peter Schiff (63%–23%), with a ±4.3% margin of error cited. Rasmussen Reports also polled after Blumenthal announced his candidacy and found a somewhat more competitive race, but with Blumenthal holding a strong lead. A February poll by Rasmussen found that Blumenthal held leads of 19 (against Simmons) and 20 (against McMahon), and that Republicans had made up little ground since the initial Rasmussen poll after Blumenthal announced. On May 21, Blumenthal received the Democratic nomination by acclamation. The New York Times reported that Blumenthal misspoke on at least one occasion by saying he'd served with the military "in Vietnam". Video emerged of him speaking to a group of veterans and supporters in March 2008 in Norwalk, Connecticut, saying, in reference to supporting troops returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, "We have learned something important since the days that I served in Vietnam." There were also other occasions where he accurately described his military service. At a 2008 ceremony in Shelton, Connecticut, he said, "I served during the Vietnam era... I remember the taunts, the insults, sometimes even physical abuse." Blumenthal's commanding officer in 1974 and 1975, Larry Baldino of Woodbridge, Connecticut, addressed the controversy in a letter to the editor in the New Haven Register. Baldino wrote that the misleading statement was too 'petty' to be the basis for supporting or not supporting Blumenthal. Baldino further portrayed Blumenthal as 'good natured' and described him as 'one of the best Marines with whom I ever worked'. Days after the nomination, Quinnipiac University Polling Institute polling indicated that Blumenthal held a 25-point lead over McMahon. The Cook Political Report changed its prediction on the race to Leans Democratic, making Blumenthal the favored candidate over McMahon. Blumenthal won the November 2 election, defeating McMahon 55% to 43%. 2016 election August Wolf, a former Olympian and current bond salesman, was the only declared candidate running as a Republican against Blumenthal in the 2016 Senate election. In August 2015, economist Larry Kudlow threatened to run against Blumenthal if Blumenthal voted in favor of the Iran Nuclear Deal. According to a pair of Quinnipiac polls on October 15, 2015, Blumenthal had a 34 percent lead over Kudlow and a 35 percent lead over August Wolf. Blumenthal ended up winning re-election with 63 percent of the vote against Republican state representative Dan Carter, becoming the first person in Connecticut's history to receive over a million votes in a single election. Tenure Blumenthal was sworn into the 112th United States Congress on January 5, 2011. He announced plans to return to Connecticut every weekend to join a "listening tour" of his home state. In March 2012, Blumenthal and New York Senator Chuck Schumer gained national attention after they called upon Attorney General Eric Holder and the Department of Justice to investigate practices by employers to require Facebook passwords for employee applicants and workers. Blumenthal has worked with Sen. Mark Kirk from Illinois to eliminate pensions for members of Congress who are convicted of felonies while serving in office. Committee assignments Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Airland Subcommittee on Cybersecurity Subcommittee on Seapower Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation Subcommittee on Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, Innovation, and the Internet Subcommittee on Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights Subcommittee on Border Security and Immigration Subcommittee on Oversight, Agency Action, Federal Rights and Federal Courts Committee on Veterans' AffairsSpecial Committee on AgingCommission on Security and Cooperation in Europe'Caucus memberships Senate Oceans Caucus Senate Ukraine Caucus Legislation sponsored The following is an incomplete list of legislation that Blumenthal has sponsored: Affordable College Textbook Act (S. 1864; 115th Congress) Political positions Gun law As of 2010, Blumenthal had a "F" rating from the National Rifle Association for his pro-gun control voting record. In response to the 2015 San Bernardino attack, Blumenthal stated his support for improved access to mental health resources and universal background checks. In January 2016, Blumenthal was one of eighteen senators to sign a letter to Thad Cochran and Barbara Mikulski requesting that the Labor, Health and Education subcommittee hold a hearing on whether to allow the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to fund a study of gun violence and "the annual appropriations rider that some have interpreted as preventing it" with taxpayer dollars. The senators noted their support for taking steps "to fund gun-violence research, because only the United States government is in a position to establish an integrated public-health research agenda to understand the causes of gun violence and identify the most effective strategies for prevention." In the wake of the Orlando nightclub shooting, Blumenthal said that "The Senate's inaction on commonsense gun violence prevention makes it complicit in this public health crisis. Prayers and platitudes are insufficient. The American public is beseeching us to act on commonsense, sensible gun violence prevention measures, and we must heed that call." In October 2016, he participated in the Chris Murphy gun control filibuster, speaking in support of the Feinstein Amendment, which would have banned people known to be or suspected of being terrorists from buying guns. That same year, Blumenthal stated his support for efforts to require toy or fake firearms to have orange parts so they could more easily be distinguished from real guns. In response to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Blumenthal declared in an interview with Judy Woodruff, "we must break the grip of the NRA". He continued, "we can at least save lives. Would it have prevented the Las Vegas atrocity, that unspeakable tragedy? We will never know. But it might have, and we can definitely prevent such mass shootings by adopting these kinds of commonsense measures." In 2018, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the NICS Denial Notification Act, legislation developed in the aftermath of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting that would require federal authorities to inform states within a day of a prohibited person attempting to buy a firearm failing the National Instant Criminal Background Check System. In January 2019, Blumenthal was one of forty senators to introduce the Background Check Expansion Act, a bill that would require background checks for either the sale or transfer of all firearms including all unlicensed sellers. Exceptions to the bill's background check requirement included transfers between members of law enforcement, loaning firearms for either hunting or sporting events on a temporary basis, providing firearms as gifts to members of one's immediate family, firearms being transferred as part of an inheritance, or giving a firearm to another person temporarily for immediate self-defense. In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of four senators to cosponsor the Help Empower Americans to Respond (HEAR) Act, legislation that would ban suppressors being imported, sold, made, sent elsewhere or possessed and grant a silencer buyback program as well as include certain exceptions for current and former law enforcement personnel and others. The bill was intended to respond to the Virginia Beach shooting, where the perpetrator used a .45-caliber handgun with multiple extended magazines and a suppressor. Antitrust, competition and corporate regulation In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of six Democrats led by Amy Klobuchar in signing letters to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice recounting that many of them had "called on both the FTC and the Justice Department to investigate potential anticompetitive activity in these markets, particularly following the significant enforcement actions taken by foreign competition enforcers against these same companies" and requested both agencies confirm whether or not opened antitrust investigations had been opened by them regarding each of the companies and for both agencies to pledge they will publicly release any such investigation's findings. Aviation safety Blumenthal called for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to temporarily ground all Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft in the United States until an investigation into the cause of the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 is complete. Agriculture In March 2019, Blumenthal was one of thirty-eight senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue warning that dairy farmers "have continued to face market instability and are struggling to survive the fourth year of sustained low prices" and urging his department to "strongly encourage these farmers to consider the Dairy Margin Coverage program." In May 2019, Blumenthal and eight other Democratic senators sent a letter to Agriculture Secretary Perdue where they criticized the USDA for purchasing pork from JBS USA and wrote that it was "counterproductive and contradictory" for companies to receive funding from "U.S. taxpayer dollars intended to help American farmers struggling with this administration's trade policy." The senators requested the department "ensure these commodity purchases are carried out in a manner that most benefits the American farmer’s bottom line—not the business interests of foreign corporations." In June 2019, Blumenthal and eighteen other Democratic senators sent a letter to USDA Inspector General (IG) Phyllis K. Fong with the request that the IG investigate USDA instances of retaliation and political decision-making and asserted that not conducting an investigation would mean these "actions could be perceived as a part of this administration’s broader pattern of not only discounting the value of federal employees, but suppressing, undermining, discounting, and wholesale ignoring scientific data produced by their own qualified scientists." Economy In March 2019, Blumenthal led five Democratic senators in signing a letter to the Federal Trade Commission requesting it "use its rulemaking authority, along with other tools, in order to combat the scourge of non-compete clauses rigging our economy against workers" and espousing the view that incomplete clauses "harm employees by limiting their ability to find alternate work, which leaves them with little leverage to bargain for better wages or working conditions with their immediate employer." The senators furthered that the FTC had the responsibility of protecting both consumers and workers and needed to "act decisively" to address their concerns over "serious anti-competitive harms from the proliferation of non-competes in the economy." Child care In 2019, Blumenthal and 34 other senators introduced the Child Care for Working Families Act, a bill that created 770,000 new child care jobs and that ensured families under 75 percent of the state median income did not pay for child care with higher earning families having to pay "their fair share for care on a sliding scale, regardless of the number of children they have." The legislation also supported universal access to high-quality preschool programs for all 3 and 4-year-olds and gave the child care workforce a changed compensation and training to aid both teachers and caregivers. Children's programming In 2019, following the announcement by the Federal Communications Commission of rules changes to children's programming through modifying the Children’s Television Act of 1990, Blumenthal and eight other Democratic senators signed a letter to FCC Chairman Ajit Pai that expressed concern that the proposed changes "would limit the reach of educational content available to children and have a particular damaging effect on youth in low-income and minority communities" and asserted that the new rules would see a reduction in access to valuable educational content through over-the-air services. Disaster relief In April 2018, Blumenthal was one of five Democratic senators to sign a letter to FEMA administrator Brock Long calling on FEMA to enter an agreement with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development that would "stand up the Disaster Housing Assistance Program and address the medium- and longer-term housing needs" of evacuees of Puerto Rico in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. The senators asserted that "FEMA's refusal to use the tools at its disposal, including DHAP, to help these survivors is puzzling -- and profoundly troubling" and that hundreds of hurricane survivors were susceptible to being left homeless in the event that FEMA and HUD continued to not work together. Drug policy In February 2017, Blumenthal and thirty other senators signed a letter to Kaléo Pharmaceuticals in response to the opioid-overdose-reversing device Evzio rising in price from $690 in 2014 to $4,500 and requested the company answer what the detailed price structure for Evzio was, the number of devices Kaléo Pharmaceuticals set aside for donation, and the totality of federal reimbursements Evzio received in the previous year. In March 2017, Blumenthal was one of twenty-one senators to sign a letter led by Ed Markey to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell which noted that 12 percent of adult Medicaid beneficiaries had some form or a substance abuse disorder in addition to one third of treatment administered for opioid and other substance use disorders in the United States being financed through Medicaid and opined that the American Health Care Act could "very literally translate into a death spiral for those with opioid use disorders" due to the insurance coverage lacking and not having the adequate funds to afford care oftentimes resulting in individuals abandoning substance use disorder treatment. In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of eleven senators to sign a letter to Juul CEO Kevin Burns asserting that the company had "lost what little remaining credibility the company had when it claimed to care about the public health" and that they would not rest until Juul's "dangerous products are out of the hands of our nation's children." The senators requested Juul list each one of its advertising buys and detail the steps the company has taken to ensure its advertisements are not seen by people under 21 in addition to asking if Juul had purchased any social media influencers for product promotion. Blumenthal has a "C" rating from NORML for his voting history regarding cannabis-related causes. Environment In June 2019, Bluementhal was one of forty-four senators to introduce the International Climate Accountability Act, legislation that would prevent President Trump from using funds in an attempt to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and directing the president's administration to instead develop a strategic plan for the United States that would allow it to meet its commitment under the Paris Agreement. Railroad safety In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of ten senators to cosponsor the Safe Freight Act, a bill that would mandate all freight trains have one or more certified conductors and one certified engineer on board who can collaborate on how to protect both the train and people living near the tracks' safety. The legislation was meant to correct a rollback of the Federal Railroad Administration on a proposed rule intended to establish safety standards. LGBT rights In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eighteen senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo requesting an explanation of a decision by the State Department to not issue an official statement that year commemorating Pride Month nor issue the annual cable outlining activities for embassies commemorating Pride Month. They also questioned why the LGBTI special envoy position had remained vacant and asserted that "preventing the official flying of rainbow flags and limiting public messages celebrating Pride Month signals to the international community that the United States is abandoning the advancement of LGBTI rights as a foreign policy priority." Healthcare In February 2019, Blumenthal and twenty-two other Democratic senators introduced the State Public Option Act, a bill that would authorize states to form a Medicaid buy-in program for all residents and thereby grant all denizens of the state the ability to buy into a state-driven Medicaid health insurance plan if they wished. Brian Schatz, a bill cosponsor, said the legislation would "unlock each state’s Medicaid program to anyone who wants it, giving people a high-quality, low-cost public health insurance option" and that its goal was "to make sure that every single American has comprehensive health care coverage." In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eight senators to cosponsor the Territories Health Equity Act of 2019, legislation that would remove the cap on annual federal Medicaid funding and increase federal matching rate for Medicaid expenditures of territories along with more funds being provided for prescription drug coverage to low-income seniors in an attempt to equalize funding for American territories Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands with that of U.S. states. In June 2019, Blumenthal and fourteen other senators introduced the Affordable Medications Act, legislation intended to promote transparency through mandating pharmaceutical companies disclose the amount of money going toward research and development in addition to both marketing and executives' salaries. The bill also abolished the restriction that stopped the federal Medicare program from using its buying power to negotiate lower drug prices for beneficiaries and hinder drug company monopoly practices used to keep prices high and disable less expensive generics entering the market. In August 2019, Blumenthal was one of nineteen senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of the Treasury Steve Mnuchin and United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar requesting data from the Trump administration in order to aid in the comprehension of states and Congress on potential consequences in the event that the Texas v. United States Affordable Care Act (ACA) lawsuit prevailed in courts, citing that an overhaul of the present health care system would form "an enormous hole in the pocketbooks of the people we serve as well as wreck state budgets". That same month, Blumenthal, three other Senate Democrats, and Bernie Sanders signed a letter to Acting FDA Commissioner Dr. Ned Sharpless in response to Novartis falsifying data as part of an attempt to gain the FDA's approval for its new gene therapy Zolgensma, writing that it was "unconscionable that a drug company would provide manipulated data to federal regulators in order to rush its product to market, reap federal perks, and charge the highest amount in American history for its medication." Housing In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of forty-one senators to sign a bipartisan letter to the housing subcommittee praising the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development's Section 4 Capacity Building program as authorizing "HUD to partner with national nonprofit community development organizations to provide education, training, and financial support to local community development corporations (CDCs) across the country" and expressing disappointment that President Trump's budget "has slated this program for elimination after decades of successful economic and community development." The senators wrote of their hope that the subcommittee would support continued funding for Section 4 in Fiscal Year 2020. Journalism In July 2019, Blumenthal cosponsored the Fallen Journalists Memorial Act, a bill introduced by Ben Cardin and Rob Portman that would create a new memorial that would be privately funded and constructed on federal lands within Washington, D.C. in order to honor journalists, photographers, and broadcasters that have died in the line of duty. Government shutdown In March 2019, Blumenthal and thirty-eight other senators signed a letter to the Appropriations Committee opining that contractor workers and by extension their families "should not be penalized for a government shutdown that they did nothing to cause" while noting that there were bills in both chambers of Congress that if enacted would provide back pay to compensate contractor employees for lost wages before urging the Appropriations Committee "to include back pay for contractor employees in a supplemental appropriations bill for FY2019 or as part of the regular appropriations process for FY2020." Infrastructure In June 2019, Blumenthal was one of eight senators to sponsor the Made in America Act, legislation that would designate federal programs which had funded infrastructure projects not currently subject to Buy America standards and mandate the materials used in these federal programs were domestically produced. Bill cosponsor Tammy Baldwin said the bill would strengthen Buy America requirements of the federal government and that she was hopeful both Democrats and Republicans would support "this effort to make sure our government is buying American products and supporting American workers." Maternal mortality In May 2019, Blumenthal was one of six senators to cosponsor the Healthy MOMMIES Act, legislation that would expand Medicaid coverage in an attempt to provide comprehensive prenatal, labor and postpartum care with an extension of the Medicaid pregnancy pathway from 60 days to a full year following birth for the purpose of assuring new mothers have access to services unrelated to pregnancy. The bill also directed Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program's Payment and Access Commission report its data regarding doula care coverage under state Medicaid programs and subsequently develop strategies aimed at improving access to doula care. Net neutrality In May 2014, days before the FCC was scheduled to rewrite its net neutrality rules, Blumenthal was one of eleven senators to sign a letter to FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler charging Wheeler's proposal with destroying net neutrality instead of preserving it and urged the FCC to "consider reclassifying Internet providers to make them more like traditional phone companies, over which the agency has clear authority to regulate more broadly." In March 2018, Blumenthal was one of ten senators to sign a letter spearheaded by Jeff Merkley lambasting a proposal from FCC Chairman Ajit Pai that would curb the scope of benefits from the Lifeline program during a period where roughly 6.5 million people in poor communities relied on Lifeline to receive access to high-speed internet, citing that it was Pai's "obligation to the American public, as the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, to improve the Lifeline program and ensure that more Americans can afford access, and have means of access, to broadband and phone service." The senators also advocated for insuring "Lifeline reaches more Americans in need of access to communication services." Reproductive rights Blumenthal is pro-choice. He supports efforts to make it a crime for demonstrators to block access to health clinics. He opposed efforts by Walmart to ban the sale of emergency contraception and supports requirements that make it mandatory for pharmacies to fill birth control prescriptions. He support federal funding for family planning clinics. Immigration In August 2018, Blumenthal was one of seventeen senators to sign a letter spearheaded by Kamala Harris to United States Secretary of Homeland Security Kirstjen Nielsen demanding that the Trump administration take immediate action in attempting to reunite 539 migrant children with their families, citing each passing day of inaction as intensifying "trauma that this administration has needlessly caused for children and their families seeking humanitarian protection." In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of six Democratic senators to sign a letter to Acting Defense Secretary Patrick M. Shanahan expressing concern over memos by Marine Corps Gen. Robert Neller in which Neller critiqued deployments to the southern border and funding transfers under President Trump's national emergency declaration as having posed an "unacceptable risk to Marine Corps combat readiness and solvency" and noted that other military officials had recently stated that troop deployment did not affect readiness. The senators requested Shanahan explain the inconsistencies and that Shanahan provide both "a staff-level briefing on this matter within seven days" and an explanation on how he would address Neller's concerns. In June 2019, following the Housing and Urban Development Department's confirmation that DACA recipients did not meet eligibility for federal backed loans, Blumenthal and eleven other senators introduced The Home Ownership Dreamers Act, legislation that mandated that the federal government was not authorized to deny mortgage loans backed by the Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or the Agriculture Department solely due to the immigration status of an applicant. In June 2019, Blumenthal and six other Democratic senators were led by Hawaii Senator Brian Schatz in sending letters to the Government Accountability Office along with the suspension and debarment official and inspector general at the US Department of Health and Human Services citing recent reports that showed "significant evidence that some federal contractors and grantees have not provided adequate accommodations for children in line with legal and contractual requirements" and urged officials in the government to determine whether federal contractors and grantees are in violation of contractual obligations or federal regulations and should thus face financial consequences. In July 2019, following reports that the Trump administration intended to end protections of spouses, parents and children of active-duty service members from deportation, Blumenthal was one of twenty-two senators to sign a letter led by Tammy Duckworth arguing that the program allowed service members the ability "to fight for the United States overseas and not worry that their spouse, children, or parents will be deported while they are away" and that the program's termination would cause both personal hardship and a negatively impact for service members in combat. In July 2019, Blumenthal and fifteen other Senate Democrats introduced the Protecting Sensitive Locations Act which mandated that ICE agents get approval from a supervisor ahead of engaging in enforcement actions at sensitive locations with the exception of special circumstances and that agents receive annual training in addition to being required to report annually regarding enforcement actions in those locations. Central America In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of thirty-four senators to sign a letter to President Trump encouraging him "to listen to members of your own Administration and reverse a decision that will damage our national security and aggravate conditions inside Central America", asserting that Trump had "consistently expressed a flawed understanding of U.S. foreign assistance" since becoming president and that he was "personally undermining efforts to promote U.S. national security and economic prosperity" through preventing the use of Fiscal Year 2018 national security funding. The senators argued that foreign assistance to Central American countries created less migration to the U.S., citing the funding's helping to improve conditions in those countries. China In April 2018, Blumenthal stated his support for "strong efforts to crack down on intellectual property theft and unfair trade practices by China or any other nation" but that President Trump was implementing "trade policy by tweet, reaction based on impulse and rash rhetoric that can only escalate tensions with all economic powers and lead to a trade war" and that actions by the United States through trade without a strategy or an endgame seemed "highly dangerous" to the American economy. In June 2018, Blumenthal cosponsored a bipartisan bill that would reinstate penalties on ZTE for export control violations in addition to barring American government agencies from either purchasing or leasing equipment or services from ZTE or Huawei. The bill was offered as an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act and was in direct contrast to the Trump administration's announced intent to ease sanctions on ZTE. In August 2018, Blumenthal and 16 other lawmakers urged the Trump administration to impose sanctions under the Global Magnitsky Act against Chinese officials who are responsible for human rights abuses against the Uyghur Muslim minority in western China's Xinjiang region. They wrote: "The detention of as many as a million or more Uyghurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic minorities in "political reeducation” centers or camps requires a tough, targeted, and global response." In May 2019, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the South China Sea and East China Sea Sanctions Act, a bipartisan bill reintroduced by Marco Rubio and Ben Cardin that was intended to disrupt China's consolidation or expansion of its claims of jurisdiction over both the sea and air space in disputed zones in the South China Sea. In July 2019, Blumenthal was a cosponsor of the Defending America’s 5G Future Act, a bill that would prevent Huawei from being removed from the "entity list" of the Commerce Department without an act of Congress and authorize Congress to block administration waivers for U.S. companies to do business with Huawei. The bill would also codify President Trump’s executive order from the previous May that empowered his administration to block foreign tech companies deemed a national security threat from conducting business in the United States. Middle East In March 2017, Blumenthal co-sponsored the Israel Anti-Boycott Act (S.270), which made it a federal crime, punishable by a maximum sentence of 20 years imprisonment, for Americans to encourage or participate in boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories if protesting actions by the Israeli government. In March 2019, Blumenthal was one of nine Democratic senators to sign a letter to Salman of Saudi Arabia requesting the release of human rights lawyer Waleed Abu al-Khair and writer Raif Badawi, women's rights activists Loujain al-Hathloul and Samar Badawi, and Dr. Walid Fitaih. The senators wrote, "Not only have reputable international organizations detailed the arbitrary detention of peaceful activists and dissidents without trial for long periods, but the systematic discrimination against women, religious minorities and mistreatment of migrant workers and others has also been well-documented." Special Counsel investigation In March 2019, after Attorney General William Barr released a summary of the Mueller Report, Blumenthal said the issue was about "obstruction of justice, no exoneration there, and the judgment by William Barr may have been completely improper" and that he did not "deeply respect and trust the Barr summary, which was designed to frame the message before the information was available." Following the redacted version of the report being released publicly by the Justice Department the following month, Blumenthal observed, "What's demonstrated in powerful and compelling detail in this report is nothing less than a national scandal. This report is far from the end of the inquiry that this country needs and deserves. It is the beginning of another chapter." In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of twelve Democratic senators to sign a letter led by Mazie Hirono that questioned the decision of Attorney General William Barr to offer "his own conclusion that the President’s conduct did not amount to obstruction of justice" and called for both the Justice Department’s inspector general and the Office of Professional Responsibility to launch an investigation into whether Barr's summary of the Mueller Report and his April 18 news conference were misleading. Telecommunications In April 2019, Blumenthal was one of seven senators to sponsor the Digital Equity Act of 2019, legislation establishing a $120 million grant program that would fund both the creation and implementation of "comprehensive digital equity plans" in each U.S. state along with providing a $120 million grant program to give support toward projects developed by individuals and groups. The bill also gave the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) the role of evaluating and providing guidance toward digital equity projects. Personal life On June 27, 1982, Blumenthal married the former Cynthia Malkin. They were engaged during her senior year at Harvard and married the following year. She is the daughter of Peter L. Malkin and maternal granddaughter of Lawrence Wien. The Blumenthals have four children together. Their son, Matt Blumenthal was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 147th district in the November 2018 election. Blumenthal's wealth exceeds $100 million, making him one of the richest members of the Senate. His family's net worth is derived largely from his wife, since the Malkins are influential real estate developers and property managers with holdings including an ownership stake in the Empire State Building. Electoral history See also List of Jewish members of the United States Congress Notes References Further reading Altimari, Dave and Mahony, Edmund (January 30, 2010). Computer Firm Owner Awarded $18 Million In Countersuit Against State. Courant.com. Retrieved February 7, 2010. Mosher, James (December 27, 2009). Don't outlaw our stoves, Eastern Connecticut farmers urge, Attorney general: Burning wood outside pollutes air. NorwichBulletin.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010. Pesci, Donald (December 10, 2009). Blumenthal: worst Attorney General in U.S.. RegisterCitizen.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010. Baue, William (July 9, 2002). Connecticut Fights to Keep Stanley Works from Disappearing to Bermuda. Socialfunds.com. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (August 14, 1997). Governor, Attorney General Urge Tighter Restrictions on Air Pollution. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (October 15, 2001). Attorney General Submits Comments To FERC Opposing Formation Of Regional Transmission Organization. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (May 10, 2002). Lawsuit Filed By Blumenthal, Nappier Brings Halt To Stanley Works' Reincorporation Plans. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (June 3, 2002). Attorney General Asks SEC To Investigate Stanley Works Vote. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (September 30, 2003). Blumenthal, New England AGs And Consumer Advocates Warn That Proposed RTO Will Raise Rates, Without Consumer Benefit. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Connecticut Attorney General's Office (October 27, 2003). Connecticut and 11 Other States File Suit to Prevent Weakening of the Clean Air Act. Press release. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Patrick, Mike (October 10, 2003). Law School lauds Blumenthal with public service award. QUDaily. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Sorry, Stanley - editorial (May 9, 2003). Wall Street Journal, cited from the article at The Center for Freedom and Prosperity, https://web.archive.org/web/20030820081214/http://www.freedomandprosperity.org/Articles/wsj05-09-03/wsj05-09-03.shtml. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Peterson, Paul; White, David; Doolittle, Nick; & Roschelle, Amy (September 29, 2003) of Synapse, Energy Economics Inc. FERC's Transmission Pricing Policy: New England Cost Impacts. Report commissioned by Connecticut Attorney General's Office. Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures of the House Committee on Ways and Means (June 6, 2002). Statement of the Hon. Richard Blumenthal, Attorney General, Connecticut Attorney General's Office. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures of the House Committee on Ways and Means (June 25, 2002). Statement of the Hon. Richard Blumenthal, Attorney General, Connecticut Attorney General's Office, Hearing on Corporate Inversions. Retrieved September 5, 2004. Plotz, David (September 15, 2000). "Richard Blumenthal: He was supposed to be president. So why is he only Connecticut's attorney general?". Slate.com. Retrieved January 6, 2010. Titus, Elizabeth, "Blumenthal predicts Hagel will be confirmed", Politico, 1/13/13. Re: Chuck Hagel's nomination as US Secretary of Defense; Blumenthal seat on Armed Services noted; Blumenthal spoke on Fox News Sunday. External links Senator Richard Blumenthal official U.S. Senate site Blumenthal for Senate \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- \|- Category:1946 births Category:20th-century American politicians Category:21st-century American politicians Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Category:Jewish American military personnel Category:American people of German-Jewish descent Category:Connecticut Attorneys General Category:Connecticut Democrats Category:Connecticut state senators Category:Democratic Party United States senators Category:Harvard Crimson alumni Category:Jewish American politicians Category:Jewish United States senators Category:Journalists from New York City Category:Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States Category:Living people Category:Members of the Connecticut House of Representatives Category:Military personnel from Connecticut Category:People from Brooklyn Category:People from Greenwich, Connecticut Category:United States Attorneys for the District of Connecticut Category:United States Marine Corps reservists Category:United States Marines Category:United States senators from Connecticut Category:Yale Law School alumni Category:Harvard College alumni Category:Riverdale Country School alumni	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Search and Destroy (1995 film) Search and Destroy is a 1995 drama film based on a stage play by Howard Korder and directed by David Salle. The film stars Griffin Dunne, repeating his role from the stage production, Rosanna Arquette, Illeana Douglas, Ethan Hawke, Dennis Hopper, John Turturro and Christopher Walken, and features Martin Scorsese as "The Accountant." Salle was nominated for the Grand Special Prize at the Deauville American Film Festival. Plot Middle-aged Martin Mirkhein (Griffin Dunne) is a complete failure. He's run a successful business into debt, his marriage is falling apart, and now he owes the IRS $147,956 in back taxes. Martin may not have much going for him but he has read "Daniel Strong," a best-selling, self-help novel by the popular TV guru Dr. Waxling (Dennis Hopper). Now he wants to turn the novel into a major motion picture. To do that, Martin needs the rights and the revenue. Given his grating personality and terrible track record, it won't be easy to get hold of either. He sets out to meet with Dr. Waxling but ends up sleeping with Waxling's screenwriter-assistant Marie (Illeana Douglas) instead. Determined to make a movie, Martin and Marie move to New York. There, they get involved with wealthy Kim Ulander (Christopher Walken), an enigmatic businessman with quirky tendencies and a repressed desire to live dangerously. If they aren't careful, this daring duo may not come out of this deal alive. Cast Griffin Dunne as Martin Mirkheim Dennis Hopper as Dr. Luther Waxling Christopher Walken as Kim Ulander John Turturro as Ron Ethan Hawke as Roger Rosanna Arquette as Lauren Mirkheim Robert Knepper as Daniel Strong Illeana Douglas as Marie Davenport Martin Scorsese as The Accountant Jason Ferraro as Young Daniel Strong David Thornton as Rob Karole Armitage as Red River Valley dancer Dan Hedaya as Tailor Reviews Search and Destroy maintains a 33% positive rating at Rotten Tomatoes. Notes External links Category:1995 films Category:1990s crime comedy films Category:American satirical films Category:American crime comedy films Category:American films Category:American independent films Category:English-language films Category:Films scored by Elmer Bernstein Category:Films about filmmaking Category:American films based on plays Category:Mafia films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2018 Puebla helicopter crash On December 24, 2018, a helicopter carrying Martha Érika Alonso Hidalgo, the newly elected Governor of the Mexican state of Puebla, and her husband, Senator and former Governor Rafael Moreno Valle Rosas, crashed on a hill in Coronango near the city of Puebla. Five people on board the helicopter were killed in the crash: Alonso, Moreno, the two pilots, Captain Roberto Coppe Obregón and Captain Marco Antonio Pavera Romero, and Héctor Baltazar Mendoza, an assistant to the senator. Alonso was 10 days into her term as governor. Crash The helicopter was an AgustaWestland AW109S Grand manufactured in 2011 and owned by Servicios Aéreos del Altiplano, S.A. de C.V. (SAASA), an air taxi company headquartered at Puebla International Airport. Its destination was the Helipuerto Radio Capital in Mexico City. It crashed on 24 December at 14:50 local time (20:50 GMT), just ten minutes after takeoff from a heliport in Puebla. The crash site is in the municipality of Santa María Coronango, approximately north of Puebla International Airport. The cause of the crash is under investigation. Investigation The investigation of the crash will be conducted by Mexican authorities from the Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil and the office of the federal Attorney General. They will be assisted by representatives from Agusta and Pratt and Whitney, which manufactured the helicopter's engines. Mexico had sought the aid of the United States National Transportation Safety Board; while the NTSB initially stated it could not support the investigation due to the ongoing government shutdown, an exception was made to allow the NTSB to support the investigation alongside investigators from the Transportation Safety Board of Canada. Responses Federal and state officials immediately responded to the crash. President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) immediately announced a federal investigation into the accident. Due to the political conflict around the election of Alonso, legislators from the National Action Party commented on the need for a transparent investigation. The death of Governor Alonso, per provisions in the Puebla state constitution, required the state legislature to name an interim governor and call new elections in three to five months. In a press conference the evening of the accident, Jesús Rodríguez Almeida, who had been the general secretary of government, was announced as the interim governor. In the Senate, Moreno Valle was to be replaced by Roberto Moya Clemente, his alternate and Puebla's former state secretary of finances and administration. Servicios Aéreos del Altiplano deleted its website and did not respond to messages and phone calls in the aftermath of the incident. References Category:2018 in Mexico Category:Accidents and incidents involving helicopters Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in 2018 Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Mexico Category:December 2018 events in Mexico Category:Puebla (city)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kigongo Kigongo is a settlement in Kenya's Central Province. References Category:Populated places in Central Province (Kenya)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Fourgo Fourgo is a town in the Kombissiri Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,103. References Category:Populated places in the Centre-Sud Region Category:Bazèga Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Nachman Kahana Nachman Kahana (also spelled Kahane) () is an Israeli rabbi. Biography Kahana was born in 1937 and raised in Brooklyn, New York where he attended a branch of the Novardok Yeshiva, where he was ordained. His father was Rabbi Yechezkel (Charles) Shraga Kahane, and his brother was Rabbi Meir Kahane, the founder of the Jewish Defense League and Kach. Career He worked as a civil servant in Israel's Ministry of Religious Affairs and has also led the Birkat Kohanim Institute, which has attempted to establish a database of reliable Kohanim in Israel. He is the founder of the Center for Kohanim. He is currently the spiritual leader of Hazon Yichezkeil a member synagogue of Young Israel (Yisrael Hatzair) in the Old City of Jerusalem. Additionally he has founded the Institute for Talmudic Commentaries (המכון להסברת מפרשי התלמוד) through which he has published "Mei Menuchot" (מי מנוחות - Restful Waters) a Hebrew elucidation of the Tosafot commentary on several tractates of the Talmud. He has also been cited as collaborating on the recent and controversial attempts to resurrect the ancient Sanhedrin in the capacity of Av Beit Din (אב בית דין - Father of the Court House), which is the second in command to the Rosh HaYeshiva / Nasi ( נשיא/ראש הישיבה - Head of the Yeshiva/Prince). Writings "Mei Menuchot" (מי מנוחות - Restful Waters) a Hebrew elucidation of the Tosafot commentary on several tractates of the Talmud. "With All Your Might" based on Rabbi Kahana's weekly parasha and holiday messages of the past several years. References External links http://www.nachmankahana.com Category:1937 births Category:Israeli Orthodox rabbis Category:20th-century rabbis Category:21st-century rabbis Category:American emigrants to Israel Category:Living people Category:Kohanim writers of Rabbinic literature Category:Religious Zionist Orthodox rabbis Category:Jewish theologians Category:20th-century Jewish theologians Category:21st-century Jewish theologians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Jay Mulucha Jay Mulucha is an LGBTQI activist from Uganda and a basketball player of the Magic Stormers, a team participating in the Federation of Uganda Basketball League (FUBA). Jay Mulucha is one of the managers of the team. Biography He started to play basketball when he was a teenager. He nearly died after being attacked in a rally for LGBTQI rights. On the verge of suicide, he decided he would engage himself to campaign for LGBTIQ rights in his homeland. He became the Pride Uganda coordinator and participated in the first Pride Festival in 2012. He became president of Fem Alliance Uganda. References Category:Living people Category:Ugandan men's basketball players Category:LGBT rights activists from Uganda Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Biotinylated dextran amine Biotinylated dextran amines (BDA) are organic compounds used as anterograde and retrograde neuroanatomical tracers. They can be used for labeling the source as well as the point of termination of neural connections and therefore to study neural pathways. BDA is delivered into the nervous system by iontophoretic or pressure injection and visualized with an avidin-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase procedure, followed by a standard or metal-enhanced diaminobenzidine (DAB) reaction. Samples can then be analyzed by optical microscopy as well as by electron microscopy. High molecular weight BDA (10 kDa) yields sensitive and detailed labeling of axons and terminals, while low molecular weight BDA (3 kDa) yields sensitive and detailed retrograde labeling of neuronal cell bodies. References Category:Amines	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
145th Georgia General Assembly The first regular session of the 145th General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia met from Monday, January 11, 1999, at 10:00 am, to Wednesday, March 24, at which time both houses adjourned sine die. The second regular session of the Georgia General Assembly opened at 10:00 am on Monday, January 10, 2000, and adjourned sine die on Wednesday, March 22, 2000. Officers Senate Presiding Officer Majority leadership Minority leadership House of Representatives Presiding Officer Majority leadership Minority Leadership Members of the Georgia State Senate, 1999–2000 Members of the Georgia State House of Representatives, 1999–2000 References Website of the 145th General Assembly of Georgia Georgia House of Representatives Legislative Reports 1999-2000 Category:Georgia (U.S. state) legislative sessions Category:1999 in American politics Category:2000 in American politics Category:1999 in Georgia (U.S. state) Category:2000 in Georgia (U.S. state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Vermilacinia cephalota Vermilacinia cephalota is a fruticose lichen usually found on trees, shrubs and wooden fences in the fog regions along the Pacific Coast of North America from southeastern Alaska to the Vizcaíno Peninsula of Baja California. Distinguishing Features Vermilacinia cephalota is classified in the subgenus Cylindricaria in which it is distinguished from related species by the thallus divided into tubular inflated or somewhat compressed fan-shaped branches that arise from a central point of attachment and produce soredia, powdery masses of green alga and white fungal cells that erupt through the cortex, which in V. cephalota form pincushion-like heads (capitate) called soralia (soralium singular) because of their regular shape. The cortex is relatively thin, 10–60 µm thick, and the soralia often have a bluish tint. Additionally, the cortex of a specimen of Vermilacinia cephalota—that is kept in a herbarium—gradually deteriorates, cracking irregularly; the hyphae and crystalline deposits within the medulla then seem to flow out through the cracks like a stuffed animal toy losing its cotton after being torn. This chemical change or efflorescence of the dried thallus eventually makes it difficult to distinguish the original shape of a soralium. This has been attributed to the diterpene (-)-16 α-hydroxykaurane that occurs in most species of Vermilacinia, and may also be related to an unidentified compound, referred to as T3 (based on its Rf position on a thin-layer chromatography plate), and an aliphatic depside, bourgeanic acid. Vermilacinia cephalota has a four chemotypes, three of which can be viewed as a chemosyndrome involving (1) salazinic acid in one type, (2) norstictic acid in another type or (3) neither salazinic acid or norstictic acid present. Zeorin and (-)-16 α-hydroxykaurane are the major compounds that are always present. A fourth chemotype includes the presence or absence of the T3 compound. Taxonomic History Vermilacinia cephalota was first recognized as Ramalina ceruchis f. cephalota by Edward Tuckerman in 1882 as an “inferior form” of the species that grew upon “dead wood” based upon a specimen collected by “D. Anderson” at Santa Cruz, California (type specimen shown in a revision of the genus). Tuckerman earlier had reported Ramalina ceruchis to occur in North America on trees on Alcatraz Island and near San Diego (California) Tuckerman also included Ramalina combeoides described by William Nylander in 1870 (= Vermilacinia combeoides) under R. ceruchis. His reason for including R. combeoides under R. ceruchis: it “is inseparable from South American forms (‘Terra del Fuego’, Wilkes exp.)." Vermilacinia ceruchis (synonyms, Ramalina ceruchis, Niebla ceruchis), however, occurs only in South America. Tuckerman distinguished Ramalina ceruchis and R. homalea from other species of Ramalina as having “medullary cords free of the cortical layer, and at length axial; or indistinct” and having “spermogones black” (black pycnidia). This was in contrast to “medullary cords uniting mostly with the cortical layer;” “spermogones commonly pale.” The former was recognized by Phillip Rundel and Peter Bowler in 1978 as belonging to the genus Niebla that included species from Macaronesia that also had “medullary cords free from the cortex. This was preceded by the names having been placed under the illegitimate genus name Desmazieria. Tuckerman had further described the “cords” of Ramalina homalea “dispersed rather through the cottony medullary, in contrast to R. ceruchis “collected into something like an axial column, within the cottony portion.” The latter was described by Richard Spjut as “freely branched hyphae” in “scattered fascicles separated by single crisscrossing stands” corresponding to subgenus Cylindricaria. Rundel and Bowler had indicated that “chondroid strands are not present in the medulla of some species aggregates” and “does not warrant further generic separation.” These species aggregates included the N. combeoides aggregate and the N. ceruchis aggregate." These aggregates were collectively treated by Spjut in the genus Vermilacinia based on further differences in the lichen substances, depsides or depsidones as major constituents (Niebla) vs. terpenes as major constituents (Vermilacinia). Spjut recognized three sorediate species in subgenus Cylindricaria, V. cephalota, V. leonis, and V. zebrina. Peter Bowler and Janet Marsh listed V. cephalota as a synonym of Niebla cephalota, but V. leonis and V. zebrina were listed as synonyms of N. ceruchis even though N. ceruchis was indicated by them to lack soredia. Rundel, and Bowler including coauthor Thomas Mulroy in 1972 had stated that “at least two morphologically distinct sorediate Desmazierias have been included within D. cephalota.” Vermilacinia zebrina, which often has a yellowish green thallus, frequently occurs with V. cephalota in California. It differs by the branches appearing slender throughout, usually with regular occurring black spots or bands, and usually without depsidones. Vermilacinia leonis, which has a flaccid thallus much like cooked spaghetti, is found mainly south of the Vizcaíno Peninsula in Baja California, and also reported to occur in Chile. Two other sorediate species, described in the genus Niebla, one of which is similar to some forms of V. cephalota, was distinguished by dot-like (“punctiform”) soralia that develop on terminal acicular branchlets; another has a flattened thallus similar to Ramalina lacera, but referred to Niebla by the presence of the depside methyl 3,5 dichlorolecanorate; however, it reportedly lacks pycnidia, which is found in all other species of Vermilacinia. References External links http://www.worldbotanical.com/vermilacinia_subgenus_vermilacin.htm Category:Lichens Category:Ramalinaceae Category:Fungi described in 1882	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
At bats per home run In baseball statistics, at bats per home run (AB/HR) is a way to measure how frequently a batter hits a home run. It is determined by dividing the number of at bats by the number of home runs hit. Mark McGwire possesses the MLB record for this statistic with a career ratio of 10.61 at bats per home run and Babe Ruth is second, with 11.76 at bats per home run. Kyle Schwarber has the best current career ratio with 13.82 at bats per home run. Giancarlo Stanton, with 14.33 at bats per home run, was the previous leader among active players. Major League Baseball leaders Career Totals are current through the end of the 2016 season, minimum 3000 plate appearances. Mark McGwire - 10.61 Babe Ruth - 11.76 Barry Bonds - 12.92 Jim Thome - 13.76 Ralph Kiner - 14.11 Season Single-season statistics are current through the end of the 2013 season. Active players in bold. Barry Bonds - 6.52 Mark McGwire - 7.27 Mark McGwire - 8.02 Mark McGwire - 8.13 Barry Bonds - 8.29 Babe Ruth was the first batter to average fewer than nine at-bats per home run over a season, hitting his 54 home runs of the 1920 season in 457 at-bats; an average of 8.463. Seventy-eight years later, Mark McGwire became the first batter to average fewer than eight AB/HR, hitting his 70 home runs of the 1998 season in 509 at-bats (an average of 7.2714). In 2001, Barry Bonds became the first batter to average fewer than seven AB/HR, setting the Major League record by hitting his 73 home runs of the 2001 season in 476 at-bats for an average of 6.5205. Ruth, McGwire and Bonds are the only batters in history to average nine or fewer AB/HR over a season, having done so nine times: References Category:Batting statistics	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Quantez Quantez is a 1957 American CinemaScope Eastmancolor Action Western film directed by Harry Keller and starring Fred MacMurray and Dorothy Malone. Plot Heller's (John Larch) gang of outlaws pull a robbery, kill a man and ride toward Mexico, fleeing a posse. To spend the night, they first head for the border town of Quantez, but are shocked to discover that it has become a ghost town, with no one else there. Gentry (Fred MacMurray), the gang's most experienced man, finds liquor in the saloon, while Teach (John Gavin), a younger gunslinger, becomes interested in Chaney (Dorothy Malone), who is Heller's woman but upset over the murder during the holdup. Gato, who was raised by Apaches, is infuriated by Heller's referring to him as "breed" and making him proceed on foot after a horse collapses from exhaustion. Gato (Sydney Chaplin) discovers a warning from Apaches to anyone who comes to town. He seeks out Delgadito (Michael Ansara), the tribe's leader, and proposes they kill the whites and divide the loot. Heller, meantime, is trying to get his partners to do the same, kill the others so there's more money to split among who's left. Gentry and Teach both have feelings for Chaney, who wants to leave town as soon as possible. A wandering minstrel comes to town, calling himself Puritan (James Barton), and while he paints Heller's portrait, he sings a song about John Coventry, a legendary outlaw in these parts. Puritan is suddenly astonished when he spots Gentry and realizes that he is Coventry. The veteran gunman is trying to put his violent life behind him for good. In a final gunfight, Gato is killed by Delgalito after a betrayal. Heller is killed by Gentry, and with arrows raining down, Gentry sacrifices himself, providing cover while Chaney and Teach make their getaway. Cast Fred MacMurray as Gentry / John Coventry Dorothy Malone as Chaney James Barton as Puritan Sydney Chaplin as Gato John Gavin as Teach John Larch as Heller Michael Ansara as Delgadito Reaction The New York Times said the film "could hardly be duller". References External links Category:1950s Western (genre) films Category:American Western (genre) films Category:Films with screenplays by Robert Wright Campbell Category:American films Category:Films directed by Harry Keller Category:Universal Pictures films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Reuschberg (Spessart) Reuschberg (Spessart) is a hill in the Spessart range, located in the Landkreis Aschaffenburg, part of the Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. It has an elevation of 415 metres. The wooded hill is located mostly in the unincorporated area of . At its foot lies the town of Schöllkrippen. To the south is the valley of the Höllenbach, to the north that of the Kleiner Laudenbach, both of which flow into the Kahl. There is a transmission mast on the hill, operated by Vodafone, located on the slope at an elevation of around 385 metres. Near the peak, there is a sort of circular rampart, known as or Altenburg, with remains of both earth and masonry walls, long thought to date to the La Tène period. However, excavations in 2005 indicate that it most likely is a 10th-century refuge castle, with some elements added later (11th or 12th century). Over the centuries, locals have used the fortification as a source of construction materials, reducing the remains to just foundations. The , a former monastery, lies on the lower slopes, just beneath the forest fringe. References Category:Hills of Bavaria Category:Aschaffenburg (district) Category:Hills of the Spessart	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Edward Ago-Ackam Edward Ago-Ackam was a Ghanaian politician. He was a member of parliament for the Dangbe-Shai electoral area from 1956 to 1965. In 1965 he became the member of parliament for the Dangbe constituency until February 1966. Early life and education Ago-Ackam was born on 30 November 1899 at Ningo in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana (then Gold Coast). He studied at the Wesleyan Mission School in Kpong. Career and politics Ago-Ackam was a clerk and a storekeeper for Messrs Millers, F and A Swanzy A. and E.T.C., and U.A.C. from 1921 to 1948. He later joined Messrs A.G. Leventis and Company Limited from 1949 to 1956. In 1950 he was the vice chairman of the Convention People's Party and in 1953 he doubled as the chairman of the Ningo Area Committee. He served in these positions until 1956 when he was nominated by the CPP to represent the Dangbe Shai electoral area in the Legislative Assembly. He replaced Clarkson Thomas Nylander who had represented the Dangbe-Shai area on the ticket of the CPP from 1954 to 1956. Nylander from 1956 onwards represented the Ga Rural electoral area. Ago-Ackam won the Dangbe-Shai seat and remained in parliament representing the area from 1956 until 1965. In 1965, the constituency was split into the Dangbe constituency and the Shai constituency. Ago-Ackam became the member of parliament for the Dangbe constituency from 1965 to February 1966 when the Nkrumah government was overthrown. Personal life Ago-Ackam's hobbies included reading and gardening. See also List of MLAs elected in the 1956 Gold Coast legislative election List of MPs elected in the 1965 Ghanaian parliamentary election References Category:1899 births Category:Date of death missing Category:Ghanaian MPs 1956–1965 Category:Ghanaian MPs 1965–1966 Category:Convention People's Party (Ghana) politicians Category:20th-century Ghanaian politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lillian Estelle Fisher Lillian Estelle Fisher (born 1 May 1891, Selinsgrove, PA, died 4 May 1988, Moraga CA) was one of the first women to earn a doctorate in Latin American history in the U.S. She published important works on Spanish colonial administration; a biography of Manuel Abad y Queipo, reform bishop-elect of Michoacan; and a monograph on the Tupac Amaru rebellion in Peru. As distinguished colonial Latin American historian John J. TePaske put it in 1968, "At least three generations of graduate students have studied the works of Lillian Estelle Fisher." Fisher is included as an example of sexual/gender discrimination in the historical profession. Early life Fisher was born in Pennsylvania to farmers George P. Fisher and Etta R. Fisher in 1891. She attended Susquehanna University for her B.A., earning highest honors in 1912. She briefly taught at a Methodist normal school (teacher-education training school) in Puebla, Mexico (1913–1916). Fisher moved to California and earned her M.A. at the University of Southern California in 1918, then attended the University of California, Berkeley for her doctorate, which she completed in 1924 under Herbert I. Priestley. She remained for a time in California, teaching at Whittier College. She taught for 15 years at the Oklahoma College for Women (1926–1942), and returned to Berkeley, where she taught for a time at the extension of the University of California. As Fisher was one a very small number of women earning doctorates in history, her mentor was concerned that as a woman she would face discrimination in the field; however, Priestley did not support the entrance of women in major history departments. Academic career In keeping with the intellectual trends in Latin American history at the time, Fisher pursued institutional history, with one work on the viceregal administration and the other on the eighteenth-century Bourbon reforms establishing the intendancy system. In 1955, she published the first full-length biography of reform bishop-elect of Michoacan, Manuel Abad y Queipo. This remains the main work on this important figure of the late colonial period in Mexico. She also wrote a monograph on the background to Mexican independence, and her research on Masons in that era continues to be cited. She also wrote an important early article on women in the Mexican Revolution, "The Influence of the Present Mexican Revolution on the Status of Women," which has been included in an anthology on women in Latin American history. Her final monograph on the Tupac Amaru revolt was published in 1966, when she was 75. Fisher served as the Secretary of the Conference on Latin American History in 1938, when major organizational decisions were taken. Fisher donated her papers, unpublished novels, and personal correspondence to the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. Materials relating to Mexico have been separated from her personal papers. Death Fisher died in Moraga, California in May 1988, at age 97. Works Viceregal Administration in the Spanish Colonies. Berkeley: University of California Press 1926. The Intendant System in Spanish America. Berkeley: University of California Press 1929. The Background of the Movement for Mexican Independence. New York: Russell and Russell 1934. Champion of Reform: Manuel Abad y Queipo. New York: Library Publishers 1955. The Last Inca Revolt, 1780–1783. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press 1966. Source: Articles "The Intendant System in Spanish America," The Hispanic American Historical Review (HAHR), vol. 8 No. 1 (Feb. 1928), pp. 3–13. "Teodoro de Croix," HAHR Vol. 9, No. 4 (November 1929), pp. 488–504. "Manuel Abad y Queipo, Bishop of Michoacan," HAHR vol. 15, No. 4 (November 1935), pp. 425–447. "The Influence of the Present Mexican Revolution on the Status of Women," HAHR Vol. 22, No. 1 (Feb., 1942), pp. 211–228 Further reading Helen Delpar, Looking South: The Evolution of Latin Americanist Scholarship in the United States, 1850–1975. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press 2008. Jacqueline Goggin, "Challenging Sexual Discrimination in the Historical Profession: Woman Historians and the AHA, 1890–1940," American Historical Review, vol. 97, no. 3 (June 1992) pp. 769–802. See also Conference on Latin American History Historiography of Colonial Spanish America References Category:Latin Americanists Category:Historians of Latin America Category:Historians of Mexico Category:American women historians Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni Category:1891 births Category:1988 deaths	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Coming Out of the Ice Coming Out of the Ice is a 1982 American TV film. It is a biopic of Victor Herman. Cast John Savage Willie Nelson See also The Forsaken: An American Tragedy in Stalin’s Russia References External links Coming Out of the Ice at IMDb Coming Out of the Ice at BFI Coming Out of the Ice at TCMDB Review at Washington Post Category:1982 television films Category:American television films Category:American films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bayat, Afyonkarahisar Bayat is a town and district of Afyonkarahisar Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. The mayor is Kadir Üçer (CHP). Name Bayat is one of a number of towns and villages in Anatolia named after a branch of the Oghuz Turks, who migrated west from the Turkish homelands in Central Asia between 1100 and 1300 AD. Settlements in the district Akpınar, Bayat Aşağıçaybelen, Bayat Bayat, Afyonkarahisar Derbent, Bayat Eskigömü, Bayat Kuzören, Bayat Mallıca, Bayat Muratkoru, Bayat Sağırlı, Bayat Yukarıçaybelen, Bayat Çukurkuyu, Bayat İmrallı, Bayat İnpınar, Bayat References Category:Populated places in Afyonkarahisar Province Category:Districts of Afyonkarahisar Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
YProxy yProxy is a Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) proxy server for the Windows operating system. yProxy's main function is to convert yEnc-encoded attachments to UUE-encoded attachments on the fly. The main purpose of this is to add functionality to NNTP newsreaders that do not have native support for yEnc. The inventor of yEnc recommends yProxy for use by Windows users whose newsreaders do not support yEnc decoding. yProxy comes in two varieties: yProxy yProxy Pro yProxy The latest free version of yProxy is version 1.3. History of yProxy yEnc (8 bit ASCII yEncoding of 8 bit data) was released in 2001, and almost immediately the most popular utility for decoding yEnc became a software utility named yEnc32. yEnc32 was an early provider of yEnc decoding, but yEnc32, while flexible through its user interface, requires manual steps to decode yEnc attachments. In the spring of 2002, shortly after yEnc gained popularity in binary newsgroups, yProxy was released as freeware. yProxy was designed to convert yEnc attachments as they are downloaded, without user intervention. Because yProxy is a proxy server, once it is configured, the user must only ensure that yProxy is running in order to use it. Due to the design of yProxy as a generic NNTP proxy server, yProxy can be used by any NNTP newsreader. There are many free and commercial NNTP newsreader clients that do not natively support yEnc. yProxy was designed to let the user continue to use his or her existing newsreader. As of May 31, 2007, the following, popular, free newsreaders do not support yEnc: Outlook Express Windows Mail Windows Live Mail Mozilla Thunderbird The free version of yProxy is not supported on Windows Vista or Windows 7 due to yProxy's dependency on WinHelp for the help file. In addition, the free version of yProxy only includes instructions for configuring Outlook Express, which does not apply to Windows Vista's free email and NNTP client, Windows Mail or Windows Live Mail for Windows 7. The free version of yProxy is still available for download via links on the FAQ page of yProxy's main web site. How yProxy works yProxy is a non-transparent NNTP proxy server. A NNTP client connects to yProxy. yProxy connects to the NNTP server. When the NNTP client makes a request for a news article, yProxy passes the request directly to the server. When the server responds with a yEnc encoded attachment, yProxy will decode the yEnc attachment to its raw binary form and reencode the attachment using the older, more widely accepted UUE format before passing the attachment to the client. The client then handles the attachment normally. Below is a textual diagram of how yProxy works for the downstream from the NNTP server to the NNTP client. (NNTP Client) <=UUE= (yProxy) <=yEnc= (NNTP Server) yProxy Pro yProxy Pro was initially released in October, 2004 and is no longer freeware. yProxy Pro added new features such as: Full compliance with yEnc v1.3 standards Support for secure NNTP connections via SSL Thread priority control Support for Windows 7 and Windows Live Mail Decodes yEnc encoded attachments and sends them to client as UU encoded Monitoring of connections Automatic progress indicator for single or multipart posts Automatic configuration and testing of Outlook Express, Windows Mail, Windows Live Mail, or Mozilla Thunderbird accounts Notes External links yProxy website Category:Usenet Category:Servers (computing)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lichas (Spartan) In Greek mythology, Lichas was the Spartan who discovered the bones of Orestes. The remains of Orestes were required, according to a Delphic Oracle, in order for Sparta to defeat Tegea (Herodotus The Histories 1.68). Another Spartan named Lichas lived in the late fifth century B.C. During the Pentecontaetia, Cimon was becoming more and more powerful among the Athenians as he began to spend money to feed the poor, regularly inviting them into his home, and spending more on honoring gods such as Hermes. Seeing the popularity he was gaining in this manner, the younger Lichas began to finance and organize festivals in order to entertain boys involved in gymnastics. In this way he gained popularity in Sparta. Category:Greek mythology Category:Ancient Spartans	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rohlstorf Rohlstorf is a municipality in the district of Segeberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. References Category:Municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein Category:Segeberg	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
King Missile King Missile is an American avant-garde art rock band best known for their 1992 song "Detachable Penis". Formed in 1986, vocalist John S. Hall has fronted several incarnations of the band since then. History King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) In 1985, writer John S. Hall began presenting his work at open mic poetry readings. After three shows, Hall became a "featured" poet at the Backfence, a performance venue in Manhattan's Greenwich Village. In 1986, feeling that "20 minutes of me reading poetry would be totally boring", Hall asked his guitarist friend Dogbowl (Stephen Tunney) to augment his performances with original music. Dogbowl agreed, and with the addition of bassist Alex DeLaszlo, drummer R. B. Korbet, and xylophonist George O'Malley, King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) was born. In 1987, the band went to the Noise New York studio and in just ten hours recorded and mixed its debut album, Fluting on the Hump. The producer/engineer, Kramer, released the album on his then-fledgling label, Shimmy Disc. The label sent the album to every college radio station that reported to College Media Journal, and the album subsequently performed well on the CMJ charts. In 1988, Hall and Dogbowl, along with cellist Charles Curtis and new drummer Steve Dansiger, recorded the second King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) album, the longer, more experimental, less "jokey" They. Like its predecessor, the album was produced by Kramer and released on Shimmy Disc. According to Hall, "[the album] wasn't well received. Dogbowl was itching to make his own records, so we went our separate ways." Dogbowl went on to record several albums for Shimmy Disc. King Missile After Dogbowl's departure, Hall asked Bongwater guitarist Dave Rick to help him put together a new band. Rick recruited multi-instrumentalist Chris Xefos, and Hall retained Dansiger on drums. Hall dubbed the new lineup King Missile, dropping the parenthetical "Dog Fly Religion" subtitle "since that was [Dogbowl's] idea." In late 1989 and early 1990, the band recorded the album Mystical Shit, and in 1990 released it on Shimmy Disc. On the strength of the single "Jesus Was Way Cool", the album hit No. 1 on the CMJ charts, and the band was signed by a major label, Atlantic Records. This series of events led Hall to make a habit of joking, "'Jesus' got me signed to Atlantic Records." Around this time, King Missile was featured in the 1990 documentary CutTime, which chronicled the East Village music scene of the time. Another lineup change occurred before the recording of King Missile's major-label debut, as Dansiger left the band and was replaced on drums by Hypnolovewheel member David Ramirez. The subsequent album, The Way to Salvation, was released on April 16, 1991, and reached No. 2 on the CMJ charts. Atlantic promoted the album with the release of a single, "My Heart Is a Flower", and accompanying video. After Ramirez left the group and was replaced by yet another drummer, Roger Murdock, the band recorded a cover of R.E.M.'s song "Get Up" for the album, Surprise Your Pig: A Tribute to R.E.M., released on June 22, 1992. This was followed by the band's second major-label album, Happy Hour, released on December 15, 1992. The album debuted at No. 1 on the CMJ charts, and its accompanying first single, "Detachable Penis", became a modest hit, reaching No. 25 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. Atlantic released videos for "Detachable Penis" and the subsequent singles "(Why Are We) Trapped?" and "Martin Scorsese", but neither follow-up single achieved the chart success of "Detachable Penis." According to Hall, the band realized that its hit song had drawn in many casual fans who didn't care about the rest of the group's material; thus, the band began to play the song "early in the set, so that the people who didn't like us could leave, and we could play for the people who cared. That worked out well. People did leave." In 1993, the band contributed a song titled "Our Jungle" to the soundtrack of the film, Surf Ninjas starring Ernie Reyes, Jr., Rob Schneider, Nicolas Cowan and Leslie Nielsen. The band's third and final album for Atlantic was the eponymous King Missile, released April 19, 1994. Neither the album nor its lead single, "Love Is...", was a commercial success; consequently, the band was dropped from Atlantic, and broke up shortly thereafter because, according to Hall, "there was no reason to stay together." King Missile III After the collapse of the second incarnation of King Missile, Hall decided to attend law school. He graduated cum laude from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in Manhattan, and after graduation co-founded Heraty Hall, a firm specializing in entertainment law. In 1996, Hall released a "solo album", The Body Has a Head, on the German label Manifatture Criminali. The album featured considerable input from multi-instrumentalists Sasha Forte, Bradford Reed, and Jane Scarpantoni. With these musicians, as well as They cellist Curtis, Hall formed a new band, King Missile III. On September 15, 1998, the new lineup released its "debut" album, Failure, on Shimmy Disc. Curtis and Scarpantoni left the band after the release of Failure, and King Missile III continued as a trio, releasing two more albums: The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (Instinct Records, January 21, 2003) and Royal Lunch (Important Records, September 21, 2004). King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) reunions Hall reunited with Dogbowl in 1995 for a tour as King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) for most of October and November of that year. The tour featured Hall performing spoken word with Sasha Forte on violin, followed by performance by Dogbowl and his band, and featuring Hall, Forte, Dogbowl and his band all performing together as King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) to headline the shows. On March 18, 2010, Hall reunited with Dogbowl as King Missile (Dog-Fly Religion) for a one-time performance at Le Poisson Rouge in New York City. Multi-instrumentalist John Kruth, bassist Dave Dreiwitz of Ween, and drummer Billy Ficca of Television joined the duo to round out the lineup. King Missile IV In September 2014, John S. Hall performed four shows with the band LoveyDove in Los Angeles. It was later decided that this was, in fact, a new incarnation of King Missile, and they settled on the name King Missile IV. This version of the group toured New Zealand in February 2015, and recorded a six-song EP, This Fuckin' Guy, released on Powertool Records. King Missile reunion On June 25, 2015, Hall, Rick, and Murdock reunited for the first time in over twenty years for a performance at Shea Stadium in Bushwick, Brooklyn. They were joined by Rachel Swaner on keyboards and accordion. The set consisted of songs from throughout the various King Missile incarnations. Hall, Rick, and Murdock played several more shows along with keyboardist Brent Cordero between 2015 and 2019. On February 18, 2017, keyboardist and bassist Chris Xefos rejoined the group for a performance at The Gutter Bar in Brooklyn. On February 10, 2018, King Missile, featuring the lineup of Hall, Rick, Murdock, Cordero and Korbet performed at a benefit for radio station, WFDU at Rose Gold in Brooklyn. A show at Bowery Electric in New York City followed on June 21, 2018 featuring the lineup of Hall, Rick, Murdock, Cordero, and Korbet. On May 11, 2019, King Missile performed with Hall, Rick, Murdock, Cordero, and Matt Hunterat Hank's Saloon in Brooklyn. Dogbowl performed an opening set and also joined King Missile on stage for several songs. Studio discography King Missile (Dog Fly Religion) King Missile Compilation and soundtrack contributions King Missile III King Missile IV Singles References External links Official website of John S. Hall and all incarnations of King Missile King Missile lyrics database at SongMeanings Category:Atlantic Records artists Category:Musical groups established in 1986 Category:Musical groups from New York City Category:1986 establishments in New York (state) Category:Performance art in New York City Category:Shimmy Disc artists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sarah Lianne Lewis Sarah Lianne Lewis (born 1988) is a Welsh composer. She was commissioned by Heidelberg Music Festival in 2016 and her piece, "I Dared Say It To The Sky", was premiered by soprano, Sarah Maria Sun, and percussionist, Johannes Fischer. Her piece, "Is there no seeker of dreams that were?", was premiered by BBC National Orchestra of Wales in 2016. Its title is inspired by Cale Rice Young’s poem ‘New Dreams for Old’ and was subsequently performed again by the orchestra in 2018, conducted by Jac van Steen at Hoddinott Hall in Cardiff. In 2018 Lewis was awarded the George Butterworth prize for her work "Blossoms in bloom are also falling blossoms" which was composed for Sound and Music’s Embedded programme: Quator Bozzini Composers’ Kitchen project References External links British Music Collection Profile Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:Welsh composers Category:British female composers Category:21st-century women musicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
3rd Siberian Rifle Division (Russian Empire) The 3rd Siberian Rifle Division () was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army that fought in World War I. During the Russo-Japanese War, it was officially called the 3rd East Siberian Rifle Division (3-я (Восточно-)Сибирская стрелковая дивизия). Order of battle The organization of the division in 1914 was as follows. 1st Brigade (HQ Vladivostok) 9th Siberian Rifle Regiment 10th Siberian Rifle Regiment 2nd Brigade (HQ Vladivostok) 11th Siberian Rifle Regiment 12th Siberian Rifle Regiment 3rd Siberian Rifle Artillery Brigade References Category:Infantry divisions of the Russian Empire Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1918	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
1967 Intertoto Cup The 1967 Intertoto Cup was the first in which no knock-out rounds were contested, and therefore the first in which no winner was declared. The tournament was expanded, with 48 clubs and twelve groups compared to 40 clubs and ten groups the season before. Denmark participated for the first time. Ruch Chorzów were the best performers, with 12 points. Abandonment of knock-out rounds The Group Stage was always played during the summer break, with the knock-out rounds played as clubs could fit them in during the new season. However, this began to cause increasing problems. Firstly, clubs often had difficulty agreeing dates, and the tournament struggled to finish on time - for example, the 1964–65 final wasn't played until early June, over a year after the group games had started; and in 1963–64 and 1965–66 it was concluded in late May. The second reason was the insistence of UEFA that any clubs taking part in the European Cup or UEFA Cup Winners' Cup could not continue games in other European competitions after the end of the summer break. This meant that clubs who had progressed from the Intertoto Group Stage, but were also competing in one of the UEFA competitions, had to be given byes through the Intertoto knock-out rounds (until they were eliminated from the UEFA competition), or withdrawn entirely. This made the knock-out rounds complicated, difficult to schedule, and weakened their significance. The third reason was the lack of value attributed to the knock-out rounds. While reaching the final was seen as an achievement worthy of praise, the main purpose of the tournament, for most clubs who entered, was to provide football during the otherwise empty summer break. The financial benefits of participating in the pools competitions was also important. Having to arrange and play home-and-away knock-out matches during the new season was seen as difficult, expensive, and relatively pointless if the club in question was eliminated before reaching the Final or Semi-finals. As a result, the knock-out rounds were abandoned, and for the next three decades there were no winners of the cup. The Group Stage continued much as before, with prize money still awarded according to a club's final group placing. Group stage The teams were divided into twelve groups of four clubs each - four in 'A' section, and eight in 'B' section. Belgium, France, and the Netherlands had clubs in 'A'; while Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Germany, Poland, Sweden and West Germany had clubs in 'B'. Clubs from Switzerland were placed in both sections. Group A1 Group A2 Group A3 Group A4 Group B1 Group B2 Group B3 Group B4 Group B5 Group B6 Group B7 Group B8 See also 1967–68 European Cup 1967–68 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1967–68 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup External links by Pawel Mogielnicki 1967 4	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2011 Germany E. coli O104:H4 outbreak A novel strain of Escherichia coli O104:H4 bacteria caused a serious outbreak of foodborne illness focused in northern Germany in May through June 2011. The illness was characterized by bloody diarrhea, with a high frequency of serious complications, including hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), a condition that requires urgent treatment. The outbreak was originally thought to have been caused by an enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) strain of E. coli, but it was later shown to have been caused by an enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) strain that had acquired the genes to produce Shiga toxins, present in organic fenugreek sprouts. Epidemiological fieldwork suggested fresh vegetables were the source of infection. The agriculture minister of Lower Saxony identified an organic farm in Bienenbüttel, Lower Saxony, Germany, which produces a variety of sprouted foods, as the likely source of the E. coli outbreak. The farm was shut down. Although laboratories in Lower Saxony did not detect the bacterium in produce, a laboratory in North Rhine-Westphalia later found the outbreak strain in a discarded package of sprouts from the suspect farm. A control investigation confirmed the farm as the source of the outbreak. On 30 June 2011, the German Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR) (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment), an institute of the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, announced that seeds of organic fenugreek imported from Egypt were likely the source of the outbreak. In all, 3,950 people were affected and 53 died, 51 of whom were in Germany. 800 people suffered hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can lead to kidney failure. A handful of cases were reported in several other countries including Switzerland, Poland, the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, the UK, Canada and the USA. Essentially all affected people had been in Germany or France shortly before becoming ill. Initially, German officials made incorrect statements on the likely origin and strain of Escherichia coli. The German health authorities, without results of ongoing tests, incorrectly linked the O104 serotype to cucumbers imported from Spain. Later, they recognised that Spanish greenhouses were not the source of the E. coli and cucumber samples did not contain the specific E. coli variant causing the outbreak. Spain consequently expressed anger about having its produce linked with the deadly E. coli outbreak, which cost Spanish exporters US$200 million per week. Russia banned the import of all fresh vegetables from the European Union from early June until 22 June 2011. Background Enterohemorrhagic E. coli has been linked to foodborne outbreaks of bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome around the world since at least the early 1980s. The majority of disease has been attributed to E. coli with the serotype O157:H7; however, over 100 E. coli serotypes have been associated with human diarrheal disease. In the five years before the outbreak (2006 to 2010) Germany experienced an average of 218 cases of EHEC gastroenteritis and 13 cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome each year. According to the Geman National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Other Enteric Pathogens, the most common serotypes in those years were O157, O26, O103, and O91. Serotype O104 was relatively rare in Europe in the years preceding the outbreak, with just 11 reported cases in the EU and Norway between 2004 and 2009. Outbreak Cases Cases began as early as 1 May 2011 with a man in Aachen reporting bloody diarrhea. Cases then rapidly increased, with over 100 cases of EHEC gastroenteritis and/or HUS were being reported each day by 16 May. The outbreak centered on the five northern German states of Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen, Lower Saxony, and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Cases would eventually be reported in all 16 German states; however most cases outside of the northern states were linked to travel in northern Germany. Additionally, a small number of cases were reported from other countries, although most of those ill had previously travelled to Germany. The most substantial outbreak outside of Germany was in Bordeaux, France where 15 cases of EHEC gastroenteritis were associated with the same strain of E. coli which caused the outbreak in Germany. The French cases had not previously travelled to Germany, suggesting they acquired the bacteria from contaminated sprouts grown in France. Cases of EHEC HUS and gastroenteritis peaked on 21 and 22 May respectively. Cases then slowly decreased over the following month, with cases reported throughout the month of June and ending during July 2011. German authorities deemed the outbreak over in early July 2011. The outbreak disproportionately affected adults and the elderly. 88% of hemolytic-uremic syndrome patients were over 17 years of age, and the median age of hemolytic-uremic syndrome patients was 42 years. The median age of patients who died of gastroenteritis was 82 years, while the median age of patients who died from hemolytic-uremic syndrome was 74 years. Most or all victims were believed to have become infected in Germany or France. Confirmed cases are listed below according to their location when diagnosed. Source investigation The investigation into the cause of the outbreak officially began with the notification of the Robert Koch Institute on 19 May concerning three cases of HUS in children in Hamburg. On 26 May, German health officials hastily and prematurely announced that cucumbers from Spain were identified as a source of the E. coli outbreak in Germany, when in fact the source were Egyptian sprouts. On 27 May 2011, German officials issued an alert distributed to nearby countries, identifying organic cucumbers from Spain and withdrawing them from the market. The European Commission on 27 May said the two Spanish greenhouses suspected to be the sources had been closed, and were being investigated. The investigation included analyzing soil and water samples from the greenhouses in question, located in the Andalusia region, with results expected by 1 June. Cucumber samples from the Andalusian greenhouses did not show E. coli contamination, but cross-contamination during transport in Germany and distribution in Hamburg are not discounted; in fact, the most probable cause is cross-contamination inside Germany. The Robert Koch Institute advises against eating raw tomatoes, cucumbers, and lettuces in Germany to prevent further cases. On 31 May, an EU official said the transport chain was so long, the cucumbers from Spain could have been contaminated at any point along the transit route. Spanish officials said before, there was no proof that the outbreak originated in Spain; Spanish Secretary of State for European Affairs Diego López Garrido said, "you can't attribute the origin of this sickness to Spain." On Tuesday 31 May, lab tests showed two of the four cucumbers examined did contain toxin-producing E. coli strains, but not the O104 strain found in patients. The bacteria in the other two cucumbers have not yet been identified. Genomic sequencing by BGI Shenzhen confirm a 2001 finding that the O104:H4 serotype has some enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC or EAggEC) properties, presumably acquired by horizontal gene transfer. The only previous documented case of EHEC O104:H4 was in South Korea in 2005, and researchers pointed at contaminated hamburgers as a possible cause. On 4 June, German and EU officials had allegedly been examining data that indicated an open catering event at a restaurant in Lübeck, Germany, was a possible starting point of the ongoing deadly E. coli outbreak in Europe. German hospitals were nearly overwhelmed by the number of E. coli victims. A spokesman for the agriculture ministry in Lower Saxony, warned people on 5 June to stop eating local bean sprouts, as they had become the latest suspected cause of the E. coli outbreak. A farm in Bienenbuettel, Lower Saxony, was announced as the probable source, but on 6 June, officials said this could not be substantiated by tests. Of the 40 samples from the farm that were being examined, 23 had tested negative. But on 10 June, the head of the Robert Koch Institute confirmed the sprouts were the source of the outbreak, and people who ate the sprouts were nine times more likely to have bloody diarrhea. The WHO have confirmed on 10 June this statement on the update 13 of the EHEC outbreak. According to the head of the national E. coli lab at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, the strain responsible for the outbreak has been circulating in Germany for 10 years, and in humans not cattle. He said it is likely to have gotten into food via human feces. A joint risk-assessment by EFSA/ECDC, issued 29 June 2011, made a connection between the German outbreak and a HUS outbreak in the Bordeaux area of France, first reported on 24 June, in which infection with E. coli O104:H4 has been confirmed in several patients. The assessment implicated fenugreek seeds imported from Egypt in 2009 and 2010, from which sprouts were grown, as a common source of both outbreaks, but cautioned, "there is still much uncertainty about whether this is truly the common cause of the infections", as tests on the seeds had not yet found any E. coli bacteria of the O104:H4 strain. The potentially contaminated seeds were widely distributed in Europe. Egypt, for its part, steadfastly denied it may have been the source of deadly E. coli strain, with the Minister of Agriculture calling speculations to that effect "sheer lies". Using epidemiological methods the outbreaks in 2011 were traced to a shipment of seeds from Egypt that arrived in Germany in December 2009. International response European Union On 22 May, Health Commissioner John Dalli of the European Commission declared the issue to be an 'absolute priority', saying the Commission is working with member states, particularly Germany, to identify the source of the outbreak. Speaking again on 1 June, Commissioner Dalli noted the outbreaks have been limited in origin to the greater Hamburg area and declared any product ban would be disproportionate. He also said he is working with Agriculture Commissioner Dacian Cioloş "to address the hardship faced by this group of our citizens that has also been hit hard by the E. coli outbreak". He also said, "In the future, we need to see how the timing of the alerts can be closer to the actual scientific basis and proof." By 7 June, EU Ministers held an emergency meeting in Luxembourg to discuss the growing crisis, which had left 23 people dead, and more than 2,000 ill so far. Germany's Federal Agriculture Minister, Ilse Aigner, repeated her warnings to EU consumers to avoid eating any bean sprouts, cucumbers, tomatoes, and salads. The United States Center for Disease Control and the United States Department of Agriculture has long been concerned regarding risks involving the E. coli risk in raw bean sprout production. EU member states Apart from the German government, which warned against the consumption of all raw cucumbers, tomatoes, and lettuce, several countries implemented restrictions or bans on the import of produce. Non-EU European nations Many other European countries took restrictive actions or lost sales of produce, including Albania, Croatia, and Russia. The ban on EU vegetables was lifted on 10 June, but stiff safety measures remained in place. Middle East Many countries took restrictive action. Egypt was a focus of the epidemiological investigation because the fenugreek seeds were imported into Germany from Egypt. Egypt's Minister of Health Ashraf Hatem denied his nation had any patients infected with the new E. coli strain, due to the strict precautions brought in to test overseas tourists entering the country on 2 June. Responding to claims that Egyptian fenugreek seeds were the cause of the E. coli outbreak, Egyptian Minister of Agriculture Ayman Abu-Hadid told the Egyptian press the problem had nothing to do with Egypt and instead asserted, "Israel is waging a commercial war against Egyptian exports." North America Canada and the United States reported cases of E. coli infection that had been acquired in Europe. On 2 June, Canada brought in stricter anti E. coli-related food inspections, and by 3 June the Public Health Agency of Canada said no Canadians had been reported sick with the strain as of that date. The Canadian government also brought in heavier import and hygiene restrictions on EU cucumbers, lettuces, and tomatoes. The United States Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that emerging strains of E. coli are a significant problem, but regulatory bodies in the US have concentrated on the more infamous E. coli O157 serotype. The FDA noted nearly all of America's fresh produce is grown in the US and areas of Central America, and the EU has not been a significant source of fresh produce for the US. Other countries Other countries, including Nigeria, Hong Kong, and Thailand, expressed concern regarding imported produce. Economics By 1 June, Italian, Austrian, and French cucumber sales had begun to decline sharply, but the Austrian Health Ministry official, Dr. Pamela Rendi-Wagner, claimed Austrian customers were still safe. On 3 June, the governments of Spain, Portugal, and Germany said they would formally request EU agricultural aid for farmers affected by the outbreak. That day, Russia also set up plans for new imports of cucumbers from Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Egypt, and Turkey. By 7 June, the EU's farmers had reported they had lost millions of dollars in exports during the outbreak, with Fepex, Spain's fruit and vegetable industry group, saying its growers had $256,000,000 in turnover. French, Swiss, Bulgarian, German, Dutch, Belgian, and Portuguese producers have also been similarly affected. That day, the EU proposed issuing £135,000,000 in agricultural compensation to its farmers. The EU agriculture commissioner said the EU's farmers could get back up to 30% of the cost of vegetables they were unable to sell. The EU's health commissioner, John Dalli, had formally criticised Germany earlier that day for rushing out "premature conclusions" about the source of an outbreak, and only helped to spread alarm among the public and farmers and untimely leading to the damaging the EU's agriculture sector. John Dalli also told the EU parliament in Strasbourg that claims had to be scientifically sound, unbiased, and fool-proof in nature before it was publicised in future. Spain then rejected a €150,000,000/£135,000,000 the European Commission's compensation deal for their farmers who were hit by the E. coli outbreak, on 8 June, saying it was too small. France, European Union's largest agricultural grower, said it would support the plan to compensate producers hurt by the outbreak, according to the French Agriculture Minister Bruno Le Maire. Ministers from both EU and Russia were scheduled to meet on 8 June over Russia's earlier decision to ban all its vegetable imports from the EU. On 8 June, the EU's E. coli O104:H4 outbreak was estimated to have cost $2,840,000,000 in human losses (such as sick leave), regardless of material losses (such as dumped cucumbers). Consumers across Europe were shunning fruit and vegetables en masse by 8 June, as the German government's edict against eating raw cucumbers, tomatoes, lettuce and sprouts remained on. EU farmers claimed to have losses up to C$417,000,000 a week as ripe vegetables rotted in their fields and warehouses. On 8 June, The EU Farm Commissioner Dacian Ciolos said the EU had increased its offer of compensation to farmers for the losses caused by E. coli outbreak to C$210,000,000. Cause The outbreak was caused by a strain of E. coli of the serotype O104:H4, that was unusual for having characteristics of both enteroaggregative E. coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli. The strain has a number of virulence genes typical of enteroaggregative E. coli, including attA, aggR, aap, aggA, and aggC, in addition to the Shiga toxin variant 2. All bacteria isolated from patients in this outbreak were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, third-generation cephalosporins, and partially resistant to nalidixic acid, but susceptible to carbapenems and ciprofloxacin. See also Crisis situations and protests in Europe since 2000 Health crisis List of foodborne illness outbreaks References External links Category:2010s medical outbreaks Category:2011 health disasters Category:2011 in Denmark Category:2011 in Germany Category:2011 in Poland Category:2011 in Sweden Category:2011 in Switzerland Category:2011 in the Netherlands Category:2011 in the United Kingdom 2011 Category:Medical outbreaks in Denmark Category:Health disasters in Poland Category:Health in Sweden Category:Health in Switzerland Category:Health in the Netherlands Category:Medical outbreaks in the United Kingdom Category:Medical outbreaks in Germany Category:Food safety in the European Union Category:May 2011 events in Europe Category:June 2011 events in Europe	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Catechol dioxygenase Catechol dioxygenases are metalloprotein enzymes that carry out the oxidative cleavage of catechols. This class of enzymes incorporate dioxygen into the substrate (biochemistry). Catechol dioxygenases belong to the class of oxidoreductases and have several different substrate specificities, including catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (), catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (), and protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (). The active site of catechol dioxygenases most frequently contains iron, but manganese-containing forms are also known. The Pseudomonas putida xylE gene, which encodes catechol 2,3-dioxygenase, is often used as a reporter to quantitate gene expression. An example of the reaction carried out by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase is the formation of cis,cis-muconic acid from catechol, shown below. See also Bioinorganic chemistry Oxygenase References Stephen J. Lippard, Jeremy M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University Science Books, 1994, J.J.R. Fraústo da Silva and R.J.P. Williams, The biological chemistry of the elements: The inorganic chemistry of life, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2001, Category:EC 1.13.11 Category:Natural phenols metabolism	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pterolophia teocchii Pterolophia teocchii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1970. References Category:Pterolophia Category:Beetles described in 1970	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of missions of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) operates more than 300 missions throughout the world. Most current missions are named after the location of the mission headquarters, usually a specific city. The geographical area a mission actually covers is often much larger than the name may indicate; most areas of the world are within the jurisdiction of a mission of the church. In the list below, if the name of the mission does not include a specific city, the city where the mission headquarters is located is included in parentheses. On January 2, 2019, the LDS Church announced changes that closed 12 missions through boundary realignments and opened up 4 new ones, effective July 1, 2019. As a result of these changes, as of July 2019, there were 399 missions of the church. Future mission creation On November 21, 2019, the church's First Presidency announced the creation of 8 new missions that would begin operation in July 2020. With the creation of these new missions, as of July 2020, the total number of missions in the church will be 407. Mission names Mission by year of formation (to 1974) See also The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints membership history The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints membership statistics Notes References *List of missions Category:Organizational subdivisions of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Teton Crest Trail The Teton Crest Trail is a long hiking trail in the U.S. state of Wyoming that extends from Phillips Pass, on the border of Bridger Teton and Caribou-Targhee National Forests, to String Lake in Grand Teton National Park. Backpacker Magazine calls the Trail one of the "Best Hikes Ever," with "mesmerizing and constant views of jagged peaks." Beginning in the south, the Teton Crest Trail can be accessed in several ways. From inside the National Park, the Granite Canyon Trail provides a gradual ascent into the Range, where it connects with the TCT. The Trail is most easily accessed by riding the Jackson Hole Aerial Tram, which transports sightseers and hikers from the Teton Village Resort to the top of Rendezvous Mountain. From outside the Park, the Teton Crest Trail can be accessed via the Phillips Pass Trail, one of several routes through adjacent National Forest lands. Continuing from the south, it is a trek to String Lake, passing in and out of Bridger-Teton National Forest twice, traversing the Death Canyon Shelf and several high passes including Mount Meek Pass, Hurricane Pass and Paintbrush Divide. It is a challenge with 9,681 feet total ascent and 10,779 feet total descent. The trail also traverses the high alpine meadows of Alaska Basin in the Bridger-Teton National Forest. From Hurricane Pass, the trail provides easy access to Schoolroom Glacier, and parallels the west side of major peaks of the Cathedral Group as it follows the North and South forks of the Cascade Creek. Gallery See also List of hiking trails in Grand Teton National Park Backpacking Trip report with many pictures and maps of the Teton Crest Trail References External links Teton Crest Trail Guide Book Category:Hiking trails of Grand Teton National Park	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century is a 1996 documentary series that aired on PBS. It chronicles World War I over eight episodes. It was narrated by Dame Judi Dench in the UK and Salome Jens in the United States. The series won two Primetime Emmy Awards: one for Jeremy Irons for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance, the other for Outstanding Informational Series. It was funded in part by the National Endowment for the Humanities. In 1997, it was given a Peabody Award. Production The documentary series was produced by KCET/Los Angeles along with the BBC and London’s Imperial War Museum. It took five years to make and cost five million dollars. Blaine Baggett was the executive producer and Jay Winter was the chief historian. It aired in the United States on PBS in November 1996. In contrast to a previous (1964) BBC production titled The Great War which focused primarily on the military and political aspects of the war, this 1996 documentary, in keeping with more recent trends in historiography, used a wide variety of types of sources to cover social, cultural, economic, and personal perspectives on the war in addition to the military and political. Voice cast Jürgen Prochnow as Kaiser Wilhelm II Martin Landau as Woodrow Wilson Malcolm McDowell as Charles Stockwell Ian Richardson as David Lloyd George René Auberjonois as Jean Jaurès Paul Mercurio as Cyril Lawrence Liam Neeson as Adolf Hitler Ralph Fiennes as Wilfred Owen Michael York as Harold Owen Jeremy Irons as Siegfried Sassoon Natasha Richardson as Vera Brittain Louis Gossett Jr. as W. E. B. Du Bois Jane Leeves as Caroline Webb Marion Ross as Kathe Kollwitz Nastassja Kinski as Rosa Luxemburg Martin Sheen as Frank Golder Udo Kier as Armin T. Wegner Yaphet Kotto as Kaphe Kamar Ned Beatty as Herbert Hoover Timothy Bottoms as Silver Parrish Helen Mirren as Margaret Randa Rupert Graves Elya Baskin as Yakov Yurovsky Leslie Caron as Czarina Aleksandra Romanov Episodes 1. Explosion – Covers the causes of the war, focusing on international tensions resulting from rapid economic, technological, and social changes, as well as how the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria sparked a continent-wide war. 2. Stalemate – Covers the German army’s initial advance through Belgium and France which was stopped at the Battle of the Marne and quickly followed by the armies digging extensive systems of trenches. 3. Total War – Examines how the war spread geographically and extended beyond the front lines to civilian populations, including the Turkish massacre of Armenian civilians. 4. Slaughter – Focuses on the battles at Verdun, the Somme, and Passchendaele. 5. Mutiny – Examines the growing despair on all sides, culminating in revolution in Russia and a mutiny among a large portion of the French army. 6. Collapse – Covers the German army’s failed offensive in spring 1918 attempting to end the war before the United States army arrived in large numbers, and the resulting collapse of the German government. 7. Hatred and Hunger – Covers the continuing blockade on Germany as the Allies drew up the Treaty of Versailles, with considerable focus on Woodrow Wilson’s role in the Paris Peace Conference. 8. War Without End – Examines the cost of the war and its continuing reverberations through the rest of the 20th century. Awards The documentary was a critical success and received several awards: Two Emmy Awards Alfred Du Pont Journalism Award George Fopster Peabody Award Producers Guild of American Vision Award International Documentary Association: Best Limited Series Award Book A book of the same title, authored by Blaine Baggett and Jay Winter, was released along with the broadcast of the television series in 1996. Like the television series, the book covers social, cultural, economic, and other issues in addition to the political and military aspects of the war. Though the book is a companion to the television series, it is written to stand on its own as a history of the war. References External links PBS website for the series Category:Peabody Award-winning television programs Category:1996 American television series debuts Category:1996 American television series endings Category:1990s American television series Category:1996 British television series debuts Category:1996 British television series endings Category:1990s British documentary television series Category:BBC television documentaries Category:Documentary television series about World War I Category:English-language television programs Category:1990s American documentary television series	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bersimis-1 generating station The Bersimis-1 generating station is a dam and a hydroelectric power station built by Hydro-Québec in conjunction with Perini, Atlas and Cartier construction companies on the Betsiamites River, in Lac-au-Brochet, north of the town of Forestville, Quebec. Construction started in 1953 and the power station was commissioned in 1956 with an initial nameplate capacity of 912 megawatts. It is the first plant ever built by Hydro-Québec and it has been described as a turning point in the history of electricity in province, paving the way for the takeover of all private utilities by the government-owned corporation in 1963. Three years later, the first plant was followed by a second one, built downstream. Bersimis-2 entered service in 1959. With upgrades, a major overhaul in the 1990s and further river diversions, Bersimis-1 installed capacity has been increased over time to its current 1,178 megawatts. Geography The Betsiamites River, also known as the Bersimis, is located halfway between the Saguenay and Outardes rivers, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River, downstream from Quebec City. With the exception of an Innu reserve at Betsiamites, at the mouth of the river, the area is scarcely populated. The word Betsiamites or Pessamit is from the innu language and means "the assembly place of the lampreys". Bersimis was not used by either the Innus, the French or the French Canadians, but was introduced by British admiral Henry Wolsey Bayfield, in his hydrographic surveys of the Saint Lawrence River of 1837. The Hudson's Bay Company used the name when opened a trading post in 1855, as did the post office in 1863. After 2 decades of efforts, residents and the Quebec government convinced the federal government to start using Betsiamites in 1919. But administrative use of Bersimis perdured for decades and Hydro-Québec used it in the 1950s to name its facility in the area. Located in the Central Laurentians ecoregion of the Boreal Shield Ecozone, the hinterland is heavily forested and dominated by softwood species: black spruce (Picea mariana), balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and white spruce (Picea glauca). In 1937, the Quebec government granted a forest concession to the Anglo Canadian Pulp & Paper Co. to supply its Forestville mill, on the coast. The area is described as "a sportsman's paradise, where fish, moose, bear and a host of other game creatures abound". The river is well suited for hydroelectric development. The river falls over , between Lake Pipmuacan, and the delta, including an initial drop of on the first . The site was also ideal because the river flow could be controlled very easily at the outlet of Lac Cassé. More development was also possible at a second location, approximately downstream, to capitalize from a further drop. The second site was developed between 1956 and 1959 and came to be known as Bersimis-2. Background The post-war boom in Quebec created an unprecedent increase in electricity demand in Quebec. Planners, at Hydro-Québec and other public utilities serving the province, were kept busy looking for ways to increase supply. In the Montreal area, the addition of 12 more units at the Beauharnois generating station would not be sufficient to meet the steady increase in demand as early as 1956. Quebec's largest private utility faced the same problem. Although the Shawinigan Water & Power Company (SWP) added units at its Rapide-Blanc and La Tuque facilities while building the brand new 184-MW Shawinigan-3 (1949) and the 300-MW Trenche generating station in 1953, company executives were eager to increase capacity by getting the government to award new hydraulic concessions on undeveloped rivers. SWP sets its sight on the promising rivers in northeastern Quebec. In 1948, its engineering subsidiary, Shawinigan Engineering, surveyed the North Shore rivers and started planning for the construction of a 1,000,000 horsepower (746 MW) generating station on the Betsiamites River, downstream of Quebec City. The drainage was easily regulated from its source, Lac Cassé, and according to preliminary calculations, developing the remote site would cost $125 per horsepower, a cost low enough to offset the cost of power lines to bring the power to Quebec's largest cities. But the Quebec government decided otherwise. The hydraulic concession was granted instead to government-owned Hydro-Québec in September 1951. According to Claude Bellavance, an economic historian who wrote a comprehensive book on the rise and fall of SWP, this decision by the Maurice Duplessis government had major consequences on the future of the company, which was bought and merged by Hydro-Québec in 1963. In hindsight, writes Bellavance, this move represented a major step towards the re-appropriation of this economic sector by the State, making Hydro-Québec the main if not the sole entity in charge of hydroelectric development in the province. Construction Preliminary work began in June 1953. The first step involved building infrastructures to deliver 500,000 tons of equipment, food and supplies to the 5,000 workers on site, including a wharf and a warehouse in Forestville and of roadwork in the hinterland. Everything, from sundries to cement, was shipped to Forestville, then unloaded at the Hydro-Québec wharf in Forestville and loaded into trucks for the trek to the interior. The 2-lane road from Forestville to Labrieville is now part of the Quebec highway network and is now known as Route 385. Labrieville But even before starting work on the dam and power station, a stable supply of electricity was required. Hydro-Québec built a temporary hydroelectric plant at nearby Lac Cassé between November 1952 and July 1953. The 15,000-horsepower (12 MW) hydroelectric generating station supplied the construction sites and camps. The equipment used for the temporary plant came from the Saint-Timothée generating station, a small hydro plant in the Montreal area dismantled by Hydro-Québec in 1949. Construction of Labrieville, a village named in honor of Napoléon-Alexandre Labrie, founding bishop of the Gulf of St. Lawrence Roman Catholic Diocese, began in June 1953. Besides temporary quarters for workers, an 8-classroom school, a 400-seat church, inn, an administrative and commercial center and 117 homes were built. The first tenant took possession of a dwelling on November 16, 1953, and the village was completed in 1955. Described as a "jewel set in the ruggedness of wild country", the village was located in the Betsiamite River valley a short distance from the generating station. Improvements in telecommunications and remote-controlled operations made it redundant, and the company chose to close Labrieville in 1974. Dam The actual construction of the dams and power plant kicked off in October 1953. Two rock-filled structures were built to create the Pipmuacan Reservoir, increasing the surfaces of lakes Pipmuacan and Cassé: the first, long and high, is built between two mountains surrounding the Lac Cassé, the second, long, curtailed the release of water into the Desroches River. Vast quantities of clay was required to make the impervious cores of the rock-filled dams. A sufficient quantity was found nearby by surveyors with the assistance of native guides, who recalled seeing beavers fetching the material for their own dams. A mountain between the two dams was cut down to build a spillway for the reservoir. Both dams are similar in conception to the Kenney Dam built in 1952 by Alcan as part of their Kemano, British Columbia generating station. Generating station The underground powerhouse is located from the dam. A diameter, concrete-lined water intake was dug in the Laurentian Plateau granite to bring water to a manifold, where individual penstocks feed the plant's 8 units. Work on the tunnel was carried out at an average speed of per week. The surge tank has been carved from rock and is located from the first penstock. A shaft rises vertically , connects to the bottom of the surge tank, in diameter and deep, and opens on to a hilltop overlooking the village. The powerhouse was carved inside the mountain and is accessed through a tunnel. Inside the long, high and wide cavity were installed eight 150,000-horsepower Francis turbines, connected to 13.8 kilovolt generators. Parallel to the powerhouse, a tailrace tunnel discharges the water to the river channel below. Power lines Construction of the 2 double-circuit high voltage overhead power lines built to carry power to Quebec City and Montreal attracted considerable interest in the engineering trade press and contributed to raise the profile of Hydro-Québec's engineers internationally. From the power station, the 315-kilovolt (kV) power lines, among the first to be built in North America at this voltage, follow a westerly direction to reach the Sault-aux-Cochons River, where they turn south following the valley. Near the mouth of the river, the line takes a south-westerly orientation, parallel to the Saint Lawrence River and crosses the Saguenay River fjord near Petit-Saguenay. Two sets of crossing pylons, separated by a span width of were built on each side of river in order not to interfere with shipping. A third 315 kV power line to Baie-Comeau was built to bring power to the Gaspé Peninsula, via 4- submarine power cables, linking the Manicouagan peninsula to the Les Boules substation in Métis-sur-Mer. Laying the cables at a depth of proved difficult, due to high winds and heavy waves, damaging two cables. A first attempt to power the cables was made in December 1954, but they became operational in November 1955, almost a year later. Starting in 1959, corrosion and the action of ice caused repeated failures leading to its decommissioning in 1962. Working conditions Allegation of mistreatment of workers on the worksite stirred controversy in early 1954. Reporter Pierre Laporte published a six-part series in Montreal's Le Devoir on the construction of Bersimis-1 in January 1954. In his stories, Laporte reports on the long hours, bad pay and unhealthy working conditions, mismanagement and shady contracting practices. The stories, published a few days after 10 men died in a scaffolding collapse on January 22, 1954, generated heated debates at the Legislature. Inspired by Laporte's reporting, Liberal opposition leader Georges-Émile Lapalme accused the Maurice Duplessis government of mismanagement. In a history M.A. thesis submitted in 2009, Richard Landry concluded that pay and working conditions onsite were comparable or even better than what was afforded to the average Canadian worker at the time, while stressing the 1954 accident incited Hydro-Québec to implement health and safety measures geared towards prevention. Operations and maintenance Manouane River diversion In 1994, Hydro-Québec undertook the refit of the power station's 8 units. The project was completed in 2003. It was followed in 2003 by the partial diversion of the Manouane River in order to increase the flow by 30.8 m3/s and the annual production of the Bersimis power stations by 378 gigawatt-hours. The $50 million project involved building a roller-compacted concrete dam high and a long, a spillway, three dikes and a diversion channel. The project was highly controversial and the Bureau d'audiences publiques sur l'environnement (BAPE), who conducted public hearings in 2001, judged the project "unacceptable" due to the impacts reduced flows would have on the atlantic salmon and on various recreational and economic uses of the river. However, the BAPE report was dismissed by Environment minister André Boisclair, who authorized the project in October 2002. Intake tunnel Inspections of the intake tunnel in 1979, 1981 and 1983 have showed its walls were covered by a layer of a black sticky slime, decreasing the capacity of the generating station by approximately 39 MW. Between 1993 and 1995, various methods were tested to clean the surface and apply different coating products to limit the slime deposit. In the fall of 2007, Hydro-Québec announced it was studying the possibility of digging a second tunnel between the Pipmuacan Reservoir and the generating station, because the original tunnel is partially obstructed by silt. The $200 million project was indefinitely postponed early in 2009 after the company conducted a cost-benefit analysis. See also List of largest power stations in Canada Bersimis-2 generating station History of Hydro-Québec List of power stations in Quebec List of conventional hydroelectric power stations References Further reading . Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Quebec Category:Hydro-Québec Category:Dams in Quebec Category:1956 in Canada	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
W.S. Jeffery Farmstead The W.S. Jeffery Farmstead is a historic estate with a farm house, a barn and several outbuildings in Benedict, Nebraska. The farm was established in 1878, and the barn was built in 1879-1880, followed by a farm house designed in the Queen Anne architectural style, built in 1900-1902. They were built for William Scott Jeffery, a settler from Pennsylvania who became a farmer in Illinois in the 1860s before moving to Nebraska a decade later. Jeffery lived here with his wife, née Laura Dickey, their three sons, Basil, Earl and Orman, and their daughter, Leona Idilla. The family spent their winters in another house in Lincoln. One of their sons, Orman Schuyler Jeffery, lived on the farm until his death in 1951. It remained in the Jeffery family in the 1980s. The property has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 26, 1982. References Category:Barns on the National Register of Historic Places in Nebraska Category:Farms on the National Register of Historic Places in Nebraska Category:National Register of Historic Places in York County, Nebraska Category:Queen Anne architecture in Nebraska Category:Houses completed in 1902 Category:1878 establishments in Nebraska	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
20 - Venti 20 - Venti (aka Twenty) is a 2000 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Marco Pozzi. Plot The journey of a porn actress and a journalist, through twenty episodes, linked by the continued presence on the scene of cigarettes. Cast Anita Caprioli: Beatriz, pornstar Cecilia Dazzi: Eva, journalist Ivano Marescotti: Angelo di II classe Andrea Pezzi: Hit Boy Alessandro Cremona: Robber / Transvestite / Singer Sabrina Corabi: Angel Mike Bongiorno: Himself References External links Category:2000 films Category:Italian films Category:Italian comedy-drama films Category:2000s comedy-drama films Category:Directorial debut films Category:Films about pornography Category:Italian road movies Category:2000s road movies	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Jaromierki Jaromierki is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barlinek, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Barlinek, north-east of Myślibórz, and south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. Before 1945 the area was part of Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania. References Jaromierki	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Care Net Care Net is an evangelical Christian crisis pregnancy center organization operating primarily in the United States. As a anti-abortion organization its centers seek to persuade a person not to have an abortion. Headquartered in Northern Virginia, it is the nation's largest affiliation network of pregnancy centers. History According to its literature Care Net was influenced by the leadership of former U.S. Surgeon General Dr. C. Everett Koop and Christian apologist Dr. Francis Schaeffer. The organization was founded in 1975 as the Christian Action Council by Dr. Harold O. J. Brown, with its primary focus to engage evangelicals in responding to the "abortion crisis". It opened its first crisis pregnancy center in 1983. In the 1990s, the organization’s mission shifted toward supporting anti-abortion crisis pregnancy centers; in 1999, the organization changed its name to Care Net. Today, Care Net has more than 1,100 affiliated pregnancy centers across North America. In 2012, Roland C Warren, former President of the National Fatherhood Initiative, joined Care Net as President and CEO. Activities In addition to counseling clients against abortion, Care Net affiliated centers may provide clients with services such as temporary shelter, help with jobs, debt and welfare applications, Bible study, and baby supplies such as used clothing, diapers and formula. Care Net, like other CPC networks, touts medically disputed or discredited information about the supposed health risks of abortion; it sometimes locates its centers near Planned Parenthood clinics and uses signs that read "Pregnant? Considering abortion? Free services," or otherwise advertises them as though they were medical clinics. Some Care Net affiliated clinics offer ultrasounds. Care Net pregnancy centers have been honored by at least fifteen state legislatures, according to advocacy organization Americans United for Life. Religious nature Care Net requires all employees and volunteers of affiliated centers to be Christian and comply with a statement of faith. References External links Care Net Category:1975 establishments in the United States Category:Religious organizations based in the United States Category:Christian organizations established in 1975 category:Crisis pregnancy centers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2003 Worthing Borough Council election The 2003 Worthing Borough Council election took place on 1 May 2003 to elect members of Worthing Borough Council in West Sussex, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats lost overall control of the council to no overall control. Overall turnout was 28.61%. The election saw 38 candidates from 4 parties competing for the 13 seats which were being contested. 7 sitting councillors stood down at the election which saw the Liberal Democrats attempting to defend the majority they had won in the previous election in 2002. The Liberal Democrats campaigned on the record of their "Clean and Safe Worthing" campaign and on plans to upgrade the leisure centre and replace the Aquarena. However the Conservatives attacked them for stopping improvements to the seafront and for the poor state of facilities in Worthing. The Green and Labour parties also stood candidates but did not contest all of the wards with Labour only putting up 3 candidates. The results saw the Conservatives make one gain from the Liberal Democrats in Selden ward, with the winner, Jack Saheid, becoming the first Muslim councillor on Worthing council. After the Liberal Democrats failed by 6 votes to gain Gaisford from the Conservatives, both parties ended the election on 18 seats making Worthing a hung council. The results meant that the Liberal Democrat mayor of Worthing had the casting vote on the council. After the election, the composition of the council was Conservative 18 Liberal Democrat 18 Election result Ward results References Category:2003 English local elections 2003 Category:2000s in West Sussex	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Operation Arabian Knight On June 5, 2010, in a covert American anti-terrorism operation named "Operation Arabian Knight", two American citizens Mohamed Mahmood Alessa and Carlos "Omar" Eduardo Almonte, New Jersey residents, were arrested at Kennedy International Airport in New York City. The men were in the process of boarding booked, separate flights to Egypt. According to the affidavit filed in support of the federal criminal complaint, they planned to travel to Somalia to join Al-Shabab, an Al Qaeda-linked terrorist group recruiting foreigners for its civil war. They intended to join them in killing American troops in Somalia, although few Americans are stationed there. The two men were charged with conspiring to kill, maim, and kidnap people outside the U.S. The arrests followed that of the American Faisal Shahzad, characterized as a home-grown terrorist and charged in the failed Times Square bombing. The two men were denied bail, and a preliminary hearing was set for June 21 on the federal charges. On October 18, 2010, a federal judge gave their lawyers time to "attempt to finalize a plea agreement." Investigation The covert investigation of the two, known as "Operation Arabian Knight", had begun in October 2006 as two separate probes after the FBI and New Jersey State Homeland Security detectives received separate tips about the two men. The agents named the operation after a reference in Alessa's computer records, in which he had said he and Almonte were "Arabian knights." The U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court approved physical surveillance of the two men. Arrests The two men checked in at John F. Kennedy International Airport and were preparing to board separate connecting flights to Cairo, Egypt, one the 6:30 p.m. Boeing 777 flight on Egyptair Flight 986 out of Terminal 4, the other a 9:55 p.m. Boeing 767 flight on Delta Air Lines Flight 84 out of Terminal 3. From there they planned to travel to Somalia by boat, to join Al-Shabab. The terminals, however, had a number of FBI agents and other members of the Joint Terrorism Task Force dressed as travelers. Law enforcement officers allowed the men to get into the jetway boarding ramps before arresting them. Federal prosecutors had insisted that the men be allowed to go to the airport, and begin the boarding process, to limit the chance they could later say they had abandoned their plans. This also enabled the FBI agents to hear any last-minute phone calls the men might make before boarding their flights. Authorities arranged the arrests to take place out of sight of other passengers, to avoid panic. Authorities decided that the best place for each arrest would be at the end of the jetway, by the emergency door, and that cars would await the agents and suspects below. As each suspect walked down the passageway from the gate to the plane, passengers behind him were held up. Out of sight of those on the plane and those waiting to board, each was confronted by federal agents. Alessa put up a fight, was pushed into a jetway wall, and suffered a red welt on his left temple and cuts on his face before he was handcuffed. Agents took him down the outside stairs to a waiting security car, and transported him to their facility. The 220-pound Almonte also reportedly resisted arrest, but was similarly apprehended. The Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF) coordinated the arrests. JTTF agents were in place near the suspects' New Jersey homes before the arrests. As soon as the men were taken into custody, dozens of agents raided the two homes, taking away boxes of evidence. Federal counterterrorism officials said the investigation was ongoing, and that more arrests were anticipated. Suspects The parents have characterized the men as "troublemakers" and school records of them document a history of behavioral problems, threats and violence. Mohamed Mahmood Alessa Alessa was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, to Palestinian and Jordanian immigrant parents. He has dual United States-Jordanian citizenship, was living in North Bergen, New Jersey, and was 20 years old at the time of his arrest. After the September 11, 2001, attacks when other families on his block displayed American flags, his home hung a Palestinian flag. A neighbor, Luis Lainez, said: "not ... very patriotic, that puts up a red flag at the end of the day." Alessa reportedly began to tell other children in his Boy Scout troop that Osama bin Laden was a hero in his family, and that he wanted to grow up to be a martyr. When other boys and their parents complained, he was asked to leave the group. As a teenager, he began to spend time with a gang who called themselves the P.L.O., after the Palestinian group, or the Arabian Knights. Alessa's parents sent him for the ninth grade to the Al-Huda High School, a private Islamic religious high school in Paterson, New Jersey. He transferred to North Bergen High School in December 2004. Within three months, he was placed on administrative "home instruction," to be supervised by a security officer, because of "radicalized behavior that was very threatening," according to a school spokesman. In September 2005, he transferred to KAS Prep, an alternative high school for troubled youth in North Bergen, which he attended for one semester. He returned to North Bergen High School in March 2006. The school officials soon placed him on home instruction supervised by a security officer. Through 2005 and 2006, officials of both North Bergen and KAS Prep alerted the Department of Homeland Security about Alessa's escalating series of threats. The Islamic Center of East Orange asked for and received his transcript in October 2007, but it is not clear whether he attended the school. Alessa attended Bergen Community College from the Spring of 2009 through the Spring of 2010. Officials at several schools described him as violent. Neighbors thought he was an observant Muslim, though one said he had seen Alessa drink alcohol, which is prohibited. While his beard was generally long, Alessa occasionally shaved it off, according to the neighbor. His landlord said Alessa had visited Jordan about two years prior to his arrest, for six months. Alessa reportedly said: "They only fear you when you have a gun and when you — when you start killing them, and when you — when you take their head, and you go like this, and you behead it on camera." He discussed carrying out a suicide bombing in the U.S., adding: "We'll start doing killing here, if I can't do it over there." And: "Only way I would come back here is if I was in the land of jihad and the leader ordered me to come back here and do something here. Ah, I love that." He allegedly would brandish a large knife and boast to family members about killing U.S. agents. Speaking of Nidal Malik Hasan, the US Army psychiatrist who killed 13 Americans at Fort Hood in 2009, Alessa said he would outdo him: "He's not better than me. I'll do twice what he did." According to court documents, he also said: "A lot of people need to get killed, bro. Swear to God.... My soul cannot rest until I shed blood. I wanna, like, be the world's [best] known terrorist." His mother said in his defense that "he's not a terrorist; he's a stupid kid." Carlos "Omar" Eduardo Almonte Almonte was born in Santiago in the Dominican Republic and came to the US with his family when he was five. He is a naturalized citizen, with joint U.S.-Dominican citizenship. He was 24 years old at the time of his arrest, and lived in Elmwood Park, New Jersey. He had graduated from Elmwood Park Memorial High School in 2005. While in high school, he was arrested in 2004 both for aggravated assault, and for weapons possession. After growing up as a Christian, Almonte converted to Islam in 2004 (against the wishes of his father), and visited mosques in Paterson, and Union City, New Jersey. He renamed himself "Omar", and met Alessa in 2005. At the end of 2006, FBI agents talked with Almonte and a family member. In March 2007, the FBI conducted a consensual search of his computer, which contained documents advocating jihad. His father was so disgusted with his son Carlos that he did not go to Almonte's hearing, saying: "I'm not supporting anybody that does something wrong." "Death to all Juice" Almonte had posted a photo on his Facebook page, holding a large placard that read, "Death to all Juice"(sic), which he displayed at the 2008 Israel Day Parade in New York City. At the time of its public release, the photo sparked a debate over whether the man was an illiterate anti-Semite, or a pro-Israel plant trying to make the protesters appear to be illiterate anti-Semites. A supervisor at a New Jersey computer shop at which Almonte worked for more than a year said: "I'm telling you, this kid is not smart." Pamela Hall, a NYC blogger, took a picture of Carlos Almonte on December 28, 2008, outside the Israeli Consulate in NYC. It was at the end of an anti-Israel protest march that started at Fifth Avenue and 50th street. Collective activities The two lived apart in New Jersey. They had been under FBI scrutiny since October 2006, when Alessa was still a teenager. A New York Police Department undercover officer recorded their discussions of their plans at a number of meetings. The two reportedly traveled to Jordan in February 2007, where they tried without success to enter Iraq. According to Almonte, they tried unsuccessfully to become mujahedeen to fight against U.S. troops, and were "upset with the individuals who failed to recruit them". According to the criminal complaint, they had practiced simulated combat at an outdoor paintball facility in West Milford, New Jersey. They had also engaged in tactical training, trained in hand-to-hand combat, and acquired military gear and combat apparel. Prosecutors noted that the 11 men convicted in the Virginia Jihad Network had also used paintball training to simulate small-unit tactical operations. Officials noted that five Muslims later convicted of a plot to kill American soldiers at Fort Dix, New Jersey had also done paintball training. Alessa and Almonte were followers of the Islamic Thinkers Society (ITS), a radical Islamist group based in New York that often holds joint events with Revolution Muslim. Both groups are offshoots of Al Muhajiroun, a pro-al Qaeda British Islamist extremist group. CNN posted a photo of the two men as part of a protest in New York City, a week before their arrests, which was organized by the Islamic Thinkers Society. During an ITS protest against the Israeli Day Parade in New York in May 2010, Alessa led an anti-Jewish chant. Alessa also attended ITS and RM rallies in Washington, D.C. in March 2010. He was recorded in videos standing next to Zachary Chesser. Chesser has since been arrested and charged for trying to join Al Shabaab in Somalia. The two men talked about what they considered their obligation to wage violent jihad, expressed a willingness to commit acts of violence in the U.S., and talked of the best ways to chop off their victims' heads, according to the federal complaint. Regarding the U.S. soldiers overseas, Almonte reportedly said: "I just want the troops to come back home safely and cozily." "In body bags – in caskets," Alessa said. "In caskets," Almonte agreed. "Sliced up in a thousand pieces, cozy in the grave, in hell," added Alessa. Possible influences Authorities said the two New Jersey men had been followers of the American-born cleric, Anwar Al-Awlaki, known for increasing radicalism after 2006. The men were known to have watched video and audio recordings promoting violent jihad, including lectures by al-Awlaki, who is suspected of inciting Muslims to violence. Almonte reportedly kept an audio recording of al-Awlaki on his cell phone, in which al-Awlaki lectured about jihad and different types of martyrs, watched a jihadist video in which al-Awlaki justified the killing of civilians in jihad, and shared with others a pamphlet on jihad by al-Awlaki. Al-Awlaki has praised the group, al-Shabab. Authorities said the two men were among a number of U.S. terrorism suspects inspired by al-Awlaki. He is believed to have helped inspire the 2009 Fort Hood shooting, the failed 2009 Christmas Day bombing, the failed 2010 Times Square bombing, and those convicted in the 2007 Fort Dix plot. Charges and plea negotiations The suspects were charged with conspiring to kill, maim, and kidnap people outside the U.S. The same law has been used in the 2010 charging of Colleen LaRose, otherwise known as Jihad Jane. If convicted, they could each face a sentence of life in prison, and fines of up to $250,000. Federal prosecutors will reportedly seek life sentences in the case. On June 7, 2010, the men appeared before Magistrate Judge Madeline Cox Arleo in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey in Newark, New Jersey. Lawyers were appointed to represent them, and a bail hearing was scheduled for June 10, and a preliminary hearing for June 21 on the charges they face. On June 10, Magistrate Arleo denied the two men bail, citing the seriousness of the charges against them, the credibility of the evidence, and the risk of flight. They are being held at the Brooklyn Metropolitan Detention Center. On October 18, 2010, a federal judge gave their lawyers time to "attempt to finalize a plea agreement." In March 2011, they accepted a plea deal and admitted they wanted to try to join al-Shabab, an Al Qaeda-affiliated group and admitted they were part of a conspiracy to kill, maim, and kidnap. Related charges and guilty plea Mohamed Osman, 19 years old, of Bayonne, New Jersey, pleaded guilty on September 15, 2010, before Senior U.S. District Judge Dickinson R. Debevoise making materially false statements to members of the FBI's Joint Terrorism Task Force who were investigating Alessa and Almonte. Osman had denied knowing about the two men's plans but later admitted that was a lie. He faced a potential eight years in jail and $250,000 fine at sentencing on December 20, 2010. On June 20, 2013, Osman was sentenced to 18 months in federal prison. On April 15, 2013, Mohamed Hamoud Alessa was sentenced to 22 years in prison, and Carlos Eduardo Almonte was sentenced to 20 years in prison. Al-Shabab When arrested, the two men had planned to join the Islamic extremist group Al-Shabaab in Somalia. Al-Shabab was designated a terrorist group by the U.S. in 2008. It has several thousand militants, and claims ideological kinship with al-Qaeda. It recruits foreigners for its civil war in Somalia, not jihad. An estimated 20 Americans have joined it, of whom a dozen have been killed in Somalia, according to their friends and families. As a result, since 2007-2008, interest among Americans in the group has declined, according to analysts. The group's Islamist ideology calls for punishments of amputations and public stonings for violations of Islamic law; their rule has been severe, prohibiting music and television, and the wearing of bras by women. Al-Shabab was also praised by Osama bin Laden prior to his death in May 2011. Its leaders have reputedly worked closely with terrorists of al-Qaeda in Yemen and Pakistan. It is thought to have harbored al-Qaeda terrorists responsible for the 1998 Kenya and Tanzania U.S. embassy bombings. Sheik Abdirisaq Mohamed Qaylow, a spokesman for the Somalia Ministry of Information, welcomed the arrests of Alessa and Almonte, saying: "Foreign terrorists here are an obstacle to lasting peace in Somalia. So we welcome the move and we are calling on all governments to take such steps against al-Shabab and all terrorists at large". Reaction Bernard Kerik, former New York City Police Commissioner from 2000 to 2001 and Secretary of Homeland Security nominee blogged that since 9/11, he and several others had predicted that "some of our greatest threats would eventually come from within, from home grown and naturalized citizens who were radicalized and hate this country", and that the arrests of Alessa and Almonte were an example of that. References External links Criminal Complaint in U.S. v. Alessa, U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey, June 4, 2010 "Two New Jersey Men Arrested and Charged With Conspiring to Kill Persons Outside the United States — Defendants Allegedly Intended to Join Designated Foreign Terrorist Organization Al Shabaab", Press Release, U.S. Attorney's Office, District of New Jersey, June 6, 2010 Category:Anwar al-Awlaki Category:People imprisoned on charges of terrorism Category:Islamic terrorism in New York (state) Category:2010 in New York (state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Alexeyevo, Vysokovsky Selsoviet, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast Alexeyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vysokovskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2002. Geography The distance to Vologda is 78 km, to Kubenskoye is 22 km. Migunovo, Kolotilovo, Durasikha are the nearest rural localities. References Category:Rural localities in Vologda Oblast	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Changi Murals The Changi Murals are a set of five paintings of biblical theme painted by Stanley Warren, a British bombardier and prisoner-of-war (POW) interned at the Changi Prison, during the Japanese occupation of Singapore in World War II (WWII). His murals were completed under difficult conditions of sickness, limited materials and hardships. With a message of universal love and forgiveness, they helped to uplift the spirits of the POWs and sick when they sought refuge in the prison chapel. After the war, the walls of the chapel were distempered over, hiding the murals from view. They were forgotten until its rediscovery in 1958. Due to their historical significance, an international search was conducted to locate the original painter in helping to restore the damaged and faded murals. Stanley was eventually found in 1959 and, after much persuasion, agreed to assist in the restoration project. He made three trips to Singapore between 1963 and 1988 to restore his former paintings. Due to Stanley's advanced age, only four of the original murals were fully restored. In the 1990s, the former site of the murals was gazetted as a Heritage Site by the National Heritage Board of Singapore. History Stanley Warren was born in England in 1917. He was talented in art from young and was a religious man. Stanley was employed as a commercial designer producing poster ads with the Grenada organisation before the war. In January 1940, he enlisted in the army to join the fight against Nazi Germany and was posted to the Royal Regiment of Artillery as an Observation Post Assistant. His responsibilities included having to make quick drawings of panoramas used to plot targets for the guns. Changi In early 1942, he was posted overseas to Malaya (former name for Malaysia) with the 15th Field Regiment Royal Artillery after the Japanese had invaded Malaya and Thailand, and Pearl Harbor had been bombed. Upon their arrival, their fight against the Japanese was brutal and short-lived, and soon his battalion began retreating to Singapore. The Changi Garrison, a heavily fortified coastal defence where most of the British forces were based, consisted of three army barracks; the 2nd Battalion Gordon Highlanders in the Selarang Barracks, the Royal Engineers in Kitchener Barracks, and the 9th Coastal Artillery Regiment of the Royal Artillery in Roberts Barracks. By 12 February, the situation in Singapore was desperate and Lieutenant-General Arthur Ernest Percival, General Officer Commanding of HQ Malaya Command, ordered the Changi Garrison to withdraw to Singapore Town. After the British surrender of Singapore on 15 February 1942, Stanley and Allied POWs were ordered to march to Changi for internment; the 15,000 Australians went into Selarang Barracks and the British to Roberts and Kitchener Barracks. Stanley was interned at Roberts Barracks and later joined other POWs to work around Singapore, repairing damage inflicted by the Japanese attacks and getting essential services back to working order. Percival was held in Roberts Barracks until, with all senior officers above the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, he was sent to Formosa (now Taiwan) by the Japanese. The food given to the prisoners was of poor quality and inadequate for men working as slave labour. As a result of this and the harsh treatment meted out by the Japanese guards such as the beatings and executions of escaped prisoners, the men's health and morale began to suffer in the long run. St Luke's Chapel During one of the work parties, Stanley was sent to build a road and stairs leading to a memorial to the Japanese dead on Bukit Batok Hill (Marked with a Bukit Batok Memorial plaque today, only the stairs and road called Lorong Sesuai are still there to be seen). The chaplain of the regiment, well aware of Stanley's religious conviction and artistic background, requested him to decorate the asbestos walls at the altar area of a small open attap-roofed chapel at Bukit Batok. With charcoal salvaged from around the camp, he drew two murals: Nativity, which featured a Malay Madonna and Descent from the Cross in which he included soldiers in uniforms, using his comrades as models. By then, he was becoming ill and was suffering from a severe renal disorder complicated by amoebic dysentery. On 23 May 1942, Stanley was lying comatose and was sent to Roberts Barracks in Changi which was converted for use as a hospital for POWs to recuperate. By mid-August 1942, Stanley had recovered enough to be moved to the dysentery wing at Block 151 of Roberts Barracks. Padres Chambers and Payne had heard that Stanley had decorated the prisoners' chapel at Bukit Batok. So they asked him if he would do some paintings for St Luke's Chapel, which was recently converted from the ground floor of Block 151, near the area where Stanley was recuperating. The Chapel was dedicated to St Luke the Physician. Stanley agreed, and sought inspiration for the proposed paintings in the Gospels. The five murals On 30 August 1942, at the time when Stanley was preparing the draft drawings of the murals, the Japanese began an action which would become known as the Selarang Barracks Incident. It was an incident concerning seventeen thousand Anglo-Australian POWs, who were forced to vacate their buildings and be exposed for nearly five days in the open without water or sanitation for refusing to sign a "No Escape Pledge". Against this backdrop, Stanley began to paint the murals. No one had asked the Japanese for permission to draw and at no stage did they interfere with his work. Considering the purpose of the murals, Stanley felt that the Chapel was basically dedicated to peace and reconciliation, and so he choose universal themes for the murals which would embrace all mankind. Paint was not readily available in the camp, but with the aid of the other prisoners, who unquestionably put themselves at great risk, materials to make the paint were gradually acquired—brown camouflage paint, a small amount of crimson paint, white oil paint and billiard chalk were found and brought for Stanley use. Despite still being very ill, Stanley set to work on the murals in early September 1942. His illness meant that he could only paint for a limited period each day, for perhaps 15 minutes at a time followed by a rest. To compensate as much as he could for the lack of coloured paint, Stanley resorted to using large brush strokes and big areas of solid colour when painting. In September 1942, a few weeks after Stanley began painting the murals, he was informed that his work party was to be sent north to Thailand to work on the Thai-Burma Railway. A colonel in charge of the hospital, who knew of his work-in-progress murals, intervened to have Stanley transferred back to the hospital so that he could continue on his work in the Chapel. Most of Stanley's unit who went to the Thai-Burma Railway never returned. Stanley recounted: "Had I gone with them, most certainly, I would have died. So the murals very directly saved my life in the way I could never have foreseen... It's a terrible sense of debt... that one feels to the chapel." By Christmas 1942, he completed his first mural, the Nativity. Altogether, Stanley managed to produce five large murals on the walls of the Chapel, each mural being about three metres long, in the following order: Nativity Ascension Crucifixion Last Supper St Luke in Prison All of them were subjects which are at the very heart of Christian belief. The completed murals uplifted the spirits of the POWs and sick when they sought refuge in the Chapel. Stanley never put his name on any of his paintings as he considered them "a gift to God". In May 1944, Block 151 with the St Luke Chapel's inspiring murals was designated to become a store for an airfield nearby. The lower portion of St Luke in Prison mural was almost completely destroyed when it was demolished to make a link to an adjoining room. The walls of the Chapel were distempered over, hiding the murals from view. Stanley was later sent to Kranji in the north of Singapore, not far from the Causeway to Malaya, and remained there until the Japanese surrender on 15 August 1945. After the war, Stanley returned to England believing that his murals had been destroyed by Allied bombing towards the end of the war. He married and became an art teacher at the Sir William Collins School, later South Camden Community School and currently Regent High School in Somers Town, London. Rediscovery Forgotten for nearly 13 years, the Changi Murals were accidentally rediscovered in 1958 by servicemen of the Royal Air Force (RAF) occupying the Roberts Barracks. The Chapel was again used as a store, and later as accommodation by the RAF. Once rediscovered, the distemper coating covering the murals was carefully removed – four complete murals and the top-quarter of a fifth were revealed. As there was no signature on any of the murals, a search for the artist was undertaken but failed after initial investigations. By a stroke of luck, the artist's name came to light in the RAF Changi Education Library of all places. A reader came across a book titled The Churches of the Captivity in Malaya, mentioning about the Chapel of St Luke in Roberts Barracks and the artist's name – Bombardier Stanley Warren. The Daily Mirror was notified and again went to work looking for the known artist. In February 1959, he was found living in London with his wife and son. He was shocked when he saw the photo of his mural of the Crucifixion, when a keen-eyed colleague of his showed him the papers. Restoration In 1960, the RAF contacted Stanley and the idea of restoring the murals was brought up. He was initially reluctant to return to restore his works due to the painful memories of war and captivity the murals would bring back to him: "I didn't immediately want to come. I felt that there would be some sort of... trauma. I'm trying to forget this, you know, I tried so hard... It took years really to eliminate the memories and fears... the long drawn out experience and really waiting for death over three and a half years, it's long time to expect death. And I really tried to forget... But of course I was never able to do that." After much persuasion, he overcame his fear and eventually made three trips to Singapore to restore his murals in December 1963, July 1982 and May 1988. The 1982 restoration was more intensive and the invaluable assistance given to Warren by the officers and boys of the SAF Boys' School enabled the bulk of the work to be completed. Of the original five murals, only one was not fully restored; the mural of St Luke in Prison. Stanley's original tracing of the drawing was missing, and he could not remember the details of the missing portion. In 1985, Stanley's original drawing was discovered in the memorabilia of Wally Hammond who had been a fellow prisoner with Stanley. These original sketches were subsequently donated to the National Archives of Singapore. From the original, Stanley painted a small picture, which was placed below the remaining piece of the mural in 1988. He was, by then, not fit enough to restore the actual mural. On 20 February 1992, Stanley died in his home in Bridport, England at the age of 75. Parliamentary discussions Stanley's murals were discussed in the British Parliament in October 1968. Charles Morris, minister of parliament for Openshaw, asked the Defence Ministry, Denis Healy, to consider moving the murals to England. His proposal was unsuccessful when the Singapore Ministry of Defence decided to take responsibility of the murals and to keep them in good condition for display in 1969. (Singapore gained independence from Britain in August 1965). In addition, a copy of one of the murals painted by Stanley had been brought to England and installed in the Garrison Church at Larkhill in Wiltshire. The murals today The three-storey Block 151 of Roberts Barracks (off Martlesham Road) still stands today, but is now part of the Ministry of Defence's Changi Airbase Camp. Most of the buildings surrounding Block 151 were demolished in July 2003. Inside the Chapel, there is a photo of Stanley and some narrative about him and the murals but access to the Chapel is restricted. However, for public interest, a replica of Stanley Warren's murals is also on display at the Changi Chapel and Museum, along with an audio-visual theatre that screens videos about POW life, display of POW belongings and collection of books about Singapore during WWII. Since 1993, the Changi Murals, Changi Prison, and other WWII sites in Singapore are part of a Battlefield Tour organised by the National Institute of Education and the Ministry of Defence, a bi-annual five-day residential National Awareness programme to create greater awareness of national and security issues among trainee teachers. Commemoration In November 1994, a two-man British team was in Singapore to film the Changi Murals and Kranji War Memorial for a BBC documentary, for the Commonwealth War Graves Commission which marked the 50th Anniversary of the end of World War II. On 15 February 2002, more than 250 former POWs and their families from Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom came over to Singapore for a reunion-cum-memorial service that was held at the Changi Chapel and Museum, and a tour of the Changi Murals and the Selarang Camp. The event was organised by the Singapore Tourism Board to mark the 60th anniversary of the fall of Singapore. See also Double Tenth Incident James Clavell Battle of Kranji Notes References Category:History of Singapore Category:British rule in Singapore Category:Tourist attractions in Singapore Category:Changi Category:Murals Category:English paintings Category:Modern paintings Category:1943 paintings	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
South High School (Salt Lake City) South High School was a high school in Salt Lake City, Utah, which operated from 1931 to 1988. The school was located on the southern end of Salt Lake City proper, at 1575 S. State Street. The school is now a campus of Salt Lake Community College. Beginnings In 1928 the Salt Lake school district decided to build a new high school to accommodate the increasing population of high school age children. The Great Depression put a hold on these plans, but when it was learned that the LDS High School, a private school with about 1,000 students, was to close in 1931, the plan was revived. The South High School building was constructed in 1929-1931 on the site of the "Original Pioneer Nursery" established by John Chamberlain. Land was surveyed on June 16, 1930, and ground was first broken on June 30, 1930. The edifice was erected in the record time of fourteen months at an estimated cost of $1.5 million. South High school opened its doors in the fall of 1931 (for the class of 1932). The high school was built with many art deco features. It was a large school with multiple wings. The three-story portion of the original structure formed a rough shape of the letter "E". The interior had some unusual features, including wide double ramps, instead of stairs, connecting each floor; arched hallways with highly textured plaster work; and red and black checkerboard tiled hallway floors. The auditorium was much the same as a playhouse, complete with balcony and opera alcoves on either side of the stage. Extensions were added in the 1950s and early 1960s, including a large gymnasium with seating balconies, with a total seating capacity in the thousands. School mascot The mascot for South High School was a Bear Cub, and South High students were usually referred to as Cubs. The moniker was given when a local newspaper article about Dr. Devoe Woolf, South High's principal at the time, metaphorically referenced the South High students as his "Woolf Cubs", alluding to the newness of the school. It was not long before the mascot was a Bear Cub. Some of the sports uniforms worn by South High teams, especially by baseball teams, used designs similar to those found on the Chicago Cubs' uniforms, which also uses a bear cub mascot. Although always popular, it would be some time before the cub moniker was official. Pre-dating this change was the official "Rebel" and "Southern" theme of the school, linking references to the Antebellum US south to the school. Throughout the history of the school, depictions of the Cub mascot typically showed the bear cub wearing a Civil War-era battle cap, often colored grey and presumably Confederate. Carrying on the southern theme, the school's spring dance was called "Plantation". South High's colors were Yale blue and white. Student body South High had normal enrollment in its early years, but saw significantly increased numbers in the 1950s and early 1960s, so much so that a major expansion was completed in the early 1960s, which included a large new gym, swimming pool, cafeteria and library. From 1931 until the end of the '74-'75 school year South High facilitated grade 10 through 12. Starting in the fall of 1975, as part of a district-wide change, South High shifted to also include grade 9. More than 36,000 students graduated from South High School between 1931 and 1988. South High students largely came from working class families. It was not uncommon for students to have parents who came from other countries, such as Germany, Greece, or Japan. South High was known as the most racially cosmopolitan school in Utah, although the total numbers of African-Americans was quite small compared to most large American cities. The school also had a vibrant Polynesian contingent (Tongan and Samoan), as well as Hispanic and South East Asian contingents. The latter were largely part of the group sometimes called "boat people", referring to those who fled communist advances in South East Asia by watercraft. These students started enrolling at South in the late 1970s and early 1980s. During this time, South High saw dwindling enrollment, due in large part to the lack of families with school age children located within its boundaries. Sports South High won the following men's state championships: Basketball 1950, 1957 Baseball 1944, 1946, 1950, 1955, 1974 Cross country 1977 Track 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1952, 1955, 1966, 1968, 1978 South was in class 4A, the top tier of Utah high school sports, through 1977. Afterwards it was demoted to 3A due to dwindling enrollment numbers. Released time and religion Like most other Utah public high schools, South High gave its students the option of taking a period during the school day called released time. For most who took this option, this meant going to the seminary building owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This small, four-classroom structure was located just outside the north/rear entrance to the school, just outside school property lines. Students were released during various periods throughout the day to walk the short distance to the seminary building. There, participating students (most of whom were members of the LDS faith) received religious and scriptural instruction. Students at first received high school credit for seminary. However this was discontinued. Due to its cosmopolitan nature in terms of Utah demographics, South High was represented by more varied religious faiths than most other high schools in the state. Besides Roman Catholic and traditional Protestant groups, South High had more Greek Orthodox and Buddhist students than most other Utah high schools. LDS Church President Harold B. Lee was considered the very first South High Seminary teacher in 1932. For a time Gordon B. Hinckley, also an LDS church president, taught at the South High Seminary. Closure and rebirth The somewhat humble economic status of the South High geographic area and the cosmopolitan nature of the school in an otherwise ethnically monolithic culture may have been the factor that led to the closure of South High due to declining enrollment in all Salt Lake City high schools. At the time of closure, two high schools, West and East, had buildings much older than South High. On February 3, 1987, the school board announced the proposed closure of South High School. Following a period of further evaluation, the board of education allowed the school to remain open one additional year. South High closed June 8, 1988, when the 1987-1988 school year ended. After closure the student body of South was divided between East, West, and Highland high schools. South High was open continuously until its closure as a high school with the graduating class of 1988. In 1992, after several years of renovation, conversion and modification, South High was reopened as Salt Lake Community College's South City campus. South High alumni, as represented by the South High Alumni Association, is one of the most, if not the most active high school alumni associations in the state of Utah, according to the Deseret Morning News. A room near the main entrance to the South City campus is reserved exclusively for the South High Alumni Association and its associated memorabilia. Alumni also have an active connectivity presence with a newsletter, which goes by the name of the former high school newspaper The Scribe. Principals, 1931-1988 DeVoe Woolf, 1931–1948 Ralph V. Backman, 1948–1969 Douglas F. Williams, 1969–1975 LaVar L. Sorensen, 1975–1988 Notable alumni H. David Burton, class of 1956, former Presiding Bishop of the LDS church Fred Gehrke, class of 1935, professional football player, credited with designing the St. Louis Rams football helmet W. Dan Hausel, class of 1967, hall of fame martial artist; grandmaster of Shorin-Ryu Karate; author of nearly 600 books and articles on geology and gemstones Alfred Pupunu, part of the final South High class (1988), professional football player, appeared in Super Bowl XXIX Barbara B. Smith, class of 1940, former President of the Relief Society (women's organization in the LDS Church) Mac Speedie, class of 1938, professional football player Bill Spencer, class of 1955, Olympic biathlete in the 1964 and 1968 games. Dwan J. Young, class of 1948, former LDS children's group (Primary) leader and decorated for her promotion of the cub scout program Thomas Ypsilantis, class of 1945, co-discovered the antiproton Stanley J. Watts, class of 1980, creator of bronze sculptures Ted Wilson, class of 1957, former mayor of Salt Lake City Hartt Wixom, class of 1951, outdoors writer and LDS historian Warner P. Woodworth, class of 1960, humanitarian See also List of high schools in Utah South City campus References External links Category:Educational institutions established in 1931 Category:Defunct schools in Utah Category:Educational institutions disestablished in 1988 Category:Schools in Salt Lake City	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ricardo Rodríguez (footballer) Ricardo Iván Rodríguez Araya (; born 25 August 1992) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a left back for Dutch club PSV on loan from Serie A club Milan and the Switzerland national team. He has been described as an accomplished defender and is noted for his strong heading ability, and ability to deliver pinpoint crosses. Rodríguez is also noted for his speciality in set piece situations and for penalty-taking abilities. Born to a Spanish father and a Chilean mother of Basque descent, Rodríguez began his professional career at local club FC Zürich in 2010, having spent eight years in the youth setup. After breaking through into the first team at Zürich, Rodríguez was sold to VfL Wolfsburg in January 2012 for £7.5 million. He played 184 games across all competitions for Wolfsburg, scoring 22 goals and winning the DFB-Pokal and DFL-Supercup in 2015. In 2017, he signed for A.C. Milan. Rodríguez has earned caps at every level of the Swiss national team setup, winning the FIFA U17 World Cup in 2009. A full international for Switzerland since 2011, Rodríguez has earned over 60 caps for the country. He was part of the Swiss team at the 2012 Olympics, the 2014 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2016 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. In 2014, he was voted Swiss Footballer of the Year. Club career FC Zürich Rodríguez began playing football at the highly regarded youth club FC Schwamendingen in 2001 before joining the youth setup of FC Zürich as an 11-year-old in 2002. He was promoted to the senior squad in 2009 at age 16, making the bench for Zürich's 2–3 defeat to NK Maribor in the first leg of their third qualifying round Champions League tie on 29 July 2009. He made his Zürich debut as a 17-year-old in the 25th round of the Swiss Super League on 21 March 2010, replacing the injured Hannu Tihinen in the first half of the 2–0 win over Bellinzona. His full debut came in the Zürich Derby against Grasshoppers on 5 April, playing the entire 3–2 win for the hosts. He made only his second start in the first match of the Swiss Super League season on 20 July 2010, playing the full 90 minutes in a 2–3 defeat to rivals FC Basel. On 28 April 2011, he scored his first professional goal for the club, opening the scoring for the hosts as they ran out 3–0 winners over Neuchâtel Xamax at the Letzigrund. Rodríguez made his European debut in the first-leg of their third qualifying round tie against Standard Liège on 27 July 2011. He played the entire match and provided the cross for fellow Zürich youth team graduate Admir Mehmedi as the Swiss secured a 1–1 draw at the Stade Maurice Dufrasne in Belgium. In the second leg, Rodríguez missed from an open goal from close range but Zürich won 1–0 to earn a spot in the play-off round against Bayern Munich. He played the entirety of both play-off matches against Bayern, but the Swiss side fell 0–3 on aggregate and dropped into the Europa League. On 26 October 2011, Rodríguez scored his second goal for the club, netting his side's second from the penalty spot, in a 2–0 win over FC Thun. The club's final Super League match before the winter break on 10 December 2011, turned out to be Rodríguez's last in a Zürich shirt, playing the entire 1–1 draw with FC Sion. On 11 January 2012, Zürich officials announced that the club had accepted a bid for Rodríguez by German side Wolfsburg and that he was on the verge of completing the transfer, subject to a medical. Despite being sold midway through the season, Rodríguez was voted as the Fans' Player of the Season on 4 June 2012, ahead of Oliver Buff and Pedro Henrique. VfL Wolfsburg Early career VfL Wolfsburg purchased Rodríguez as a 19-year-old on 13 January 2012 for £7.5 million with the player signing a four-and-a-half-year deal. He quickly asserted himself into the first-team lineup, making his Bundesliga debut the next day against 1. FC Köln, a 1–0 victory for the Wolves. Rodríguez went on to play every game of the season from that point on without being substituted, becoming a favorite on the left of the defense for manager Felix Magath. Through the first ten league games of the following campaign, Rodríguez was once again an ever-present in the squad, featuring in all the outings, starting eight. But Magath was sacked after a poor run of form in the league and when Lorenz-Günther Köstner was installed as interim manager, the more experienced Marcel Schäfer was preferred at left back. Once Dieter Hecking was appointed manager though, Rodríguez won his place back in the first team. 2013–14 season On 9 November 2013, he scored his first goal for Wolfsburg, from a direct free kick in a home Bundesliga match against Borussia Dortmund. The match ended in a 2–1 win for Wolfsburg, although they were losing at half-time. His second goal for Wolfsburg came from the penalty spot against Hamburg on 29 November, earning his side a 1–1 draw. He opened the scoring in their Bundesliga match on 14 December, curling the ball past keeper Sven Ulreich, as Wolfsburg won 3–1. He finished the 2013–14 season with five league goals, in addition to nine assists. He failed to make it into the Bundesliga Team of the Season, but was included in a list of the Best Defenders for the 2013–14 campaign. Rodríguez's nine assists also meant that he created more goals than any other full-back in Europe. His impressive displays during the season included 2.3 key passes per game, the same number as Andrea Pirlo, the two-time reigning Serie A Footballer of the Year, and 2.6 successful dribbles per game, more than Cristiano Ronaldo, the reigning Ballon d'Or winner. 2014–15 season He scored his first ever goal in European football for Wolfsburg on 18 September 2014, netting directly from a free-kick after having previously scored an own-goal in a 4–1 defeat to English side Everton. Three days later, Rodriguez scored twice more for Wolfsburg, once from the penalty spot and a volley from a Kevin De Bruyne corner, as Wolfsburg defeated Bayer Leverkusen 4–1. He scored his third league goal of the season against Werder Bremen on 27 September, converting a De Bruyne cross to put Wolfsburg up 1–0 in an eventual 2–1 victory. In October 2014, Rodríguez was ruled out for a number of weeks with a troubled patella tendon and thigh. On 31 October, his agent, Roger Wittman, confirmed that Rodríguez and Wolfsburg had opened contract talks to extend his current deal beyond 2016. Rodríguez scored twice in Wolfsburg's 3–0 win away to Lille on 11 December, a result which advanced his side into the Europa League knockout stage instead of their opponents. In January 2015, he signed a new contract up to June 2019. He scored the only goal of the game from the penalty spot on 7 April, as Wolfsburg defeated SC Freiburg to reach the semi-finals of the DFB-Pokal, also making a goalline clearance later on. In the final on 30 May, he played the full 90 minutes as Wolfsburg won their first cup, defeating Borussia Dortmund 3–1. 2015–16 season Rodríguez played the full 90 minutes of Wolfsburg's victory over Bayern Munich in the 2015 DFL-Supercup on 1 August, scoring their first attempt in the penalty shootout after a 1–1 draw. On 28 August 2015, he managed to score his first goal of the season against from the spot. He also assisted Tim Klose's goal later in that match as Wolfsburg beat Schalke 3–0. He scored another penalty in a 2–1 loss against Borussia Dortmund on 5 December. On 6 April 2016, as Wolfsburg hosted Real Madrid in the first leg of the quarter-finals of the season's Champions League, Rodríguez scored a penalty to open a surprise 2–0 victory. By sending Keylor Navas the wrong way, he was the first player to score against Real's goalkeeper in the tournament for 738 minutes. 2016–17 season On 20 August 2016, Rodríguez played his first game of the season in a 2–1 win over FSV Frankfurt in DFB-Pokal. He also played Wolfsburg's opening ‌Bundesliga match of the season, in which he scored a freekick in a 2–0 win over Augsburg. In January 2017, Rodríguez was a target for Inter Milan and agreed to a move, but the Italian club refused to pay a fee high enough to trigger his release clause of £18.5 million. A.C. Milan On 8 June 2017, it was announced that Rodríguez joined Italian Serie A club A.C. Milan on a four-year deal. The fee was reported as €15 million plus €2 million in bonuses. He chose the number 68 shirt, after the year his mother was born. He played his first official match for Milan and managed to score his first goal, a free kick, to win the first leg of Milan's Europa League qualification match against CS U Craiova on 27 July. He also played in the second leg the following week and assisted Patrick Cutrone's goal from the set piece as Milan beat their opponent 2–0. Rodríguez made his Serie A debut in a 3–0 home victory against Crotone on 21 August, and his first league goal came from a penalty kick in a 2–0 win against SPAL at the San Siro on 20 September. On 15 October in the Derby della Madonnina, he gave away a late penalty from which Mauro Icardi completed his hat-trick to win the game 3–2 for Inter. Since then, whilst being a regular for Milan, he has not reached the heights that were expected of him, with Milan failing repeatedly to reach the Champions League. Most recently they failed in 2019 when Atalanta qualified for the first time at their expense. Loan to PSV On 30 January 2020, he was loaned to Dutch club PSV until the end of the 2019–20 season. International career In 2009, he was part of the Swiss U17 team who won the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup. His first goal of the tournament came in Switzerland's second group game against Japan on 27 October 2009, netting the winning goal as the match ended 4–3. He opened the scoring for the Swiss in the 35th minute against Germany in the Round of 16 as Switzerland eventually won 4–3 in added extra time. In the semi-finals against Colombia, he scored Switzerland's final goal of their 4–0 win to reach their first final of a FIFA competition since a 3–0 loss to Uruguay in the 1924 Olympics. He played the entire final against Nigeria on 15 November, helping Switzerland to a 1–0 victory to become just the third European nation to lift the trophy. Rodríguez made his debut for Switzerland in a Euro 2012 qualifying match against Wales on 7 October 2011, replacing Xherdan Shaqiri in the second half of the 0–2 loss. In his full debt four days later, Rodríguez played the entire match as the Swiss defeated Montenegro 2–0 to end their qualification campaign on a high, despite missing out on a playoff spot to the Balkan side. In a friendly match against the Netherlands on 11 November, he played the entire match as the Swiss kept a clean sheet in Amsterdam. He played all three matches for Switzerland at the 2012 Olympics, in which they were eliminated in the group stage. Rodríguez featured in nine of ten World Cup qualifying matches for the Swiss, totaling 810 minutes, as they qualified for the World Cup with a game to spare, thanks to a 2–1 win over Albania on 11 October 2013. On 13 May 2014, Rodríguez was named in Switzerland's squad for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. In their opening group game against Ecuador on 15 June, he took the corner which was headed by Admir Mehmedi for the equaliser, as well as crossing for Haris Seferović to score the winner in a 2–1 victory. During the tournament finals in Brazil, he averaged 5 tackles and 2.5 interceptions per game, earning plaudits for his strong tackling as well as his ability to read the game. At UEFA Euro 2016 in France, Rodríguez played every minute as Switzerland reached the last 16. They were eliminated on penalties by Poland in Saint-Étienne, although Rodríguez scored his attempt. On 8 October 2016, he scored his first international goal on his 43rd cap, putting the Swiss into the lead in a 3–2 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying win over Hungary at the Groupama Arena. He netted another penalty on 3 September 2017 to conclude a 3–0 away win over Latvia. The Swiss finished second in their group behind Portugal, qualifying for the play-offs where they faced Northern Ireland. Rodríguez scored the only goal of the tie in the first leg at Windsor Park in Belfast, when a penalty was controversially awarded against Corry Evans. In the second leg in Basel, he made a goalline clearance from a Jonny Evans header to ensure the Swiss victory. He was included in the Switzerland national football team 23 man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Playing style Due to his wide range of skills, Rodríguez is known for being equally adept at defending as he is going forward. Although usually a left-back, his size and physique have also seen him be deployed as a centre-back on occasion. Experts consider him as an accomplished defender and note his strong heading ability, as well his personality. He is also considered a continual attacking threat, and has been noted by analysts for his exceptional stamina and pace, which allow for his constant, buccaneering runs up the wing; he has also drawn praise from pundits for rarely conceding careless fouls. Conversely, he has been criticised for giving too much room to opposition attackers, taking up poor positioning and lacking in defensive discipline, while other analysts have criticised his concentration. Possessing good technique and distribution, he has become known for his pinpoint crossing and accurate left foot, which have earned him comparisons with Everton and England left back Leighton Baines. He is also noted for his speciality in dead ball situations, such as corner kicks, direct free kicks, and indirect free kicks, as well as for his excellent penalty taking abilities, emerging as Wolfsburg's first-choice penalty taker during the 2013–14 season. In 2014, his manager Dieter Hecking praised Rodríguez as "the best left-back in the Bundesliga". Personal life Rodríguez was born in Zürich to a Spanish father and a Chilean mother. His mother, Marcela Araya, died of cancer in 2015. Rodriguez had the number 68, the year of her birth, tattooed on his back. Rodriguez was born with a diaphragmatic hernia, meaning that his stomach, spleen, liver and intestine had migrated into the chest. Rodriguez was given a 50% chance of survival and was monitored every six months for the first three years of his life. He is the younger brother of KFC Uerdingen 05 midfielder Roberto Rodríguez and the older brother of midfielder Francisco Rodríguez, who plays for FC Luzern. Career statistics Club 1 Includes Swiss Cup, DFB Pokal and DFL-Supercup matches. 2 Includes UEFA Europa League and UEFA Champions League matches. International International goals Scores and results list Switzerland's goal tally first. Honours Club VfL Wolfsburg DFB-Pokal: 2014–15 DFL-Supercup: 2015 International Switzerland FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2009 Individual FC Zürich Fans' Player of the Season: 2011–12 Swiss Footballer of the Year: 2014 References External links Profile at VfL Wolfsburg Profile at FC Zürich FIFA Profile UEFA Profile Bundesliga Profile Sky Sports Profile Category:1992 births Category:Living people Category:Swiss people of Basque descent Category:Swiss people of Spanish descent Category:Swiss people of Chilean descent Category:Swiss people of Galician descent Category:Sportspeople from Zürich Category:Swiss footballers Category:Association football defenders Category:FC Zürich players Category:VfL Wolfsburg players Category:A.C. Milan players Category:PSV Eindhoven players Category:Swiss Super League players Category:Bundesliga players Category:Serie A players Category:Switzerland youth international footballers Category:Olympic footballers of Switzerland Category:Switzerland international footballers Category:Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics Category:2014 FIFA World Cup players Category:UEFA Euro 2016 players Category:2018 FIFA World Cup players Category:Swiss expatriate footballers Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople in Germany Category:Swiss expatriate sportspeople in Italy Category:Expatriate footballers in Germany Category:Expatriate footballers in Italy Category:Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Victory (novel) Victory (also published as Victory: An Island Tale) is a psychological novel by Joseph Conrad first published in 1915, through which Conrad achieved "popular success." The New York Times, however, called it "an uneven book" and "more open to criticism than most of Mr. Conrad's best work." The novel's "most striking formal characteristic is its shifting narrative and temporal perspective" with the first section from the viewpoint of a sailor, the second from omniscient perspective of Axel Heyst, the third from an interior perspective from Heyst, and the final section has an omniscient narrator. It has been adapted into film a number of times. Plot Axel Heyst, the novel's protagonist, was raised by his widowed father, a Swedish philosopher, in London, England, and never knew his mother. The atmosphere of Heyst's home, with his father's ruthless pursuit of truth and pessimistic view of humanity, warps Heyst's mind, and after his father dies, he leaves England and becomes a rootless wanderer. This eventually leads him to the Southeastern Asia, especially to what is now Indonesia, including Surabaya a port in the then Dutch colony of Java. Eventually, however, human feelings are awoken in Heyst by the plight of Captain Morrison, who faces the confiscation of his ship, and loss of his livelihood, because he cannot pay a fine levied by the Portuguese authorities. Heyst intervenes with a loan for a paltry sum, which establishes a relationship, and Heyst is unable to break this bond. This eventually leads to the establishment of The Tropical Belt Coal Company, of which Heyst becomes the manager, although he has no interest in this enterprise. Morrison subsequently visits England where he dies. Soon after the coal company goes bankrupt. Heyst however, remains at the site of the derelict coal mine, on the island of Samburan. living the life of a hermit, with his Chinese servant, Wang. Later Heyst's compassion is aroused again when he encounters the young woman Lena in Sourabaya on the Island of Java, where she is playing in an all woman orchestra. Lena is being mistreated by the orchestra's conductor and his sadistic wife, and threatened with sexual violence by Schomberg, the owner of the hotel, where the orchestra plays. Heyst, with the aid of Schomberg's down-trodden wife, absconds with Lena, to Sambouran. Schomberg's jealous rage, at losing Lena, along with his fear of a mysterious trio of visitors, Mr Jones, Martin Ricardo, and Pedro, lead him to suggesting to this trio that Heyst caused the death of Morrison, and has great wealth hidden on Samburan. Taken in by Schomberg's lies, the trio set out for Sambouran, but get lost at sea and barely make it to the island. They plan to kill Heyst after they discover where his money is hidden. Only Ricardo is aware of Lena's existence and Jones has a pathological hatred of women. Soon after they arrive, Martin Ricardo attacks Lena, but she is stronger and in admiration, and sensing a social affinity with her, Ricardo falls in love with Lena. In order to try and protect Heyst, Lena encourages this infatuation. This eventually leads to her accidental death, when Mr Jones attempts to kill Ricardo, after he realises that Martin is double-crossing him. In despair Heyst commits suicide. Mr Jones kills Ricardo and then, apparently, accidentally drowns. Reception, critique and impact In Notes on My Books: Easyread Edition, Conrad wrote of his "mixed feelings" about the initial reception of the book which had been published while Europe had been engaged in fighting the great war. The initial reception of the work had considered it "a melodramatic, rather Victorian novel, representing Conrad's artistic decline." However, later critiques have described it as "a highly complex allegorical work whose psychological landscape and narrative structure lay the groundwork for the modern novel." It is possible that Axel Heyst is based on a character in the play Axël by Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, published in 1890, "who detaches himself from life, preferring death to love". The character of Heyst has also been compared to Shakespeare's Hamlet while the story itself alludes to The Tempest and the ending of the work has been compared to "an Elizabethan stage play where the stage is clogged with corpses" John Batchelor also points out that "'Heyst' rhymes with Christ and ... a number of hints [suggest] that Heyst is to be seen as a Christ figure". Allen Simmons states that the character of Lena was shaped by Therese from the 1894 French novel Le Lys rouge ('The Red Lily'), by Anatole France. Lena is short for Magdalene and this identifies her with the biblical "harlot restored to purity and elevated to sainthood by repentance and faith". She is also called "Alma" "an Egyptian dancing girl who performs for men's pleasure". Adam Gillon and Raymond Brebach have proposed that Vladimir Nabokov's rejection of Conrad's "souvenir-shop style, and bottled ships and shell necklaces of romanticist cliches" resulted in Conrad's Victory being "one of the principal sources of inspiration" for Lolita through what they call "typical Nabakovian reversal." Adaptations The novel has been adapted to film multiple times including a 1919 silent version directed by Maurice Tourneur featuring Jack Holt, Seena Owen, Lon Chaney, Sr., and Wallace Beery; the 1930 William Wellman directed Dangerous Paradise, starring Nancy Carroll, Richard Arlen and Warner Oland; the 1940 version, directed by John Cromwell, featuring Fredric March, Betty Field, and Sir Cedric Hardwicke; and a 1995 version directed by Mark Peploe, with Willem Dafoe, Sam Neill, Irène Jacob, and Rufus Sewell. In March 1976 Sydney Pollack was reportedly working on a version, which was never made. British dramatist Harold Pinter prepared a screenplay for a film, never made, from which the BBC broadcast a radio adaptation in 2015. The 1987 German film, Des Teufels Paradies, starring Jürgen Prochnow, Suzanna Hamilton and Sam Waterston, is also based on Conrad's novel. The novel's lines regarding the use of reason are quoted in Season 2/Episode 5 of the Netflix series Mindhunter. References External links Victory Map Category:1915 British novels Category:Novels by Joseph Conrad Category:Novels set in Indonesia Category:Psychological novels Category:Methuen Publishing books Category:Doubleday, Page & Company books Category:Public domain books Category:British novels adapted into films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
FK Rečica FK Rečica (Macedonian and Serbian Cyrillic: ФК Речица) is a football club of the Serbian community based in the village of Rečica near Kumanovo, North Macedonia. They are currently competing in the Macedonian Third League (North Division). History The club was founded in 1950. References External links Club info at MacedonianFootball Football Federation of Macedonia Rečica Category:Association football clubs established in 1950 Category:1950 establishments in the Socialist Republic of Macedonia FK	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Caecilia degenerata Caecilia degenerata, the Garagoa caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Caeciliidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the Cordillera Oriental in Boyacá, Santander, and Cundinamarca Departments. Its natural habitats are montane forests. This subterranean species is apparently common in parts of its range. Deforestation might be a threat to it. References degenerata Category:Amphibians of the Andes Category:Amphibians of Colombia Category:Endemic fauna of Colombia Category:Altiplano Cundiboyacense Category:Taxa named by Emmett Reid Dunn Category:Amphibians described in 1942 Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ramchandra Sahani Ramchandra Sahani is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party from Bihar. He has won the Bihar Legislative Assembly election in 2005, 2010 and 2015 from Sugauli. References Category:Living people Category:People from East Champaran district Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Bihar Category:Bihar MLAs 2005–2010 Category:Bihar MLAs 2010–2015 Category:Bihar MLAs 2015– Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Great Plains Conservation Great Plains Conservation is a South Africa-based conservation organization that manages several wildlife reserves in Kenya and Botswana. The group currently operates six reserves, which include luxury lodges and tent camps. It works together with local governments and community groups to promote low-density, environmentally conscious tourism, supplying economic incentives for the protection of wildlife. Great Plains Conservation was founded in 2006 by a group of conservationists and filmmakers. Its CEO is Dereck Joubert. References Category:Conservation organizations Category:Conservation in South Africa Category:Ecotourism Category:Environmental organisations based in South Africa Category:Non-profit organisations based in South Africa Category:Environmental organizations established in 2006 Category:2006 establishments in South Africa	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Caldew School Caldew School is a mixed gender school with pupils ranging from 11-18. It is located in the Village of Dalston in Cumbria. The school educates just over a thousand pupils including Sixth Form, with around one hundred teaching staff. The school's logo is an image of a cockerel, which is also used by the village of Dalston. The school's motto is 'aspire, believe, achieve.' It used to be 'While I live, I crow'. Caldew pupils take part in activities competing with pupils from other schools in the county in sports such as football, rugby and cross country running. Caldew School converted to academy status on 1 August 2011. Achievements In 2013, Caldew was given a grade of "good" from Ofsted, the English education watchdog. This was an improvement from the "satisfactory" it received the year before. Inspectors from Ofsted said Caldew's leaders have "pursued improvements with great determination." In July 2009, Caldew celebrated its 50th anniversary. It was founded in 1959, with a total of 300 students. Results In 2016, all pupils sitting exams left the school with five GCSE passes or more. Former students Former pupils include the poet Jacob Polley, That's TV presenter Kieran Macfadzean, Story Groups Chief Executive Fred Story and William Stobart of the Stobart Group. References External links Caldew School Website Category:Secondary schools in Cumbria Category:Academies in Cumbria Category:Dalston, Cumbria	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
PEN PEN may refer to: National Ecologic Party, former name of Patriota (PATRI) PEN International, the worldwide association of writers English PEN, the founding centre of PEN International PEN America, located in New York City PEN Center USA, the former Western US branch in Los Angeles; now part of PEN America PEN Canada, located in Toronto PEN Hong Kong Penang International Airport in Penang, Malaysia (IATA airport code) Penarth railway station, Wales; National Rail station code PEN Peruvian nuevo sol, ISO 4217 currency code for the currency of Peru Polyethylene naphthalate, a polymer Private Enterprise Number, an object identifier in computing Protective earth neutral, an earthing system conductor in electricity supply systems Olympus Pen is a series of half-frame cameras made by Olympus from 1959 to the beginning of the 1980s PEN/Faulkner Foundation See also Pen (disambiguation)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Matthew Young Matthew Young may refer to: Matthew Young (bishop) (1750–1800), mathematician and Bishop of Clonfert Matthew Young (Australian footballer) (born 1972), Australian footballer who played with Hawthorn and St. Kilda Matthew Young (volleyball) (born 1981), volleyball player Matthew Young (civil servant) (1944–2015), British civil servant Matt Young (born 1958), former American Major League baseball player Matt Young (outfielder) (born 1982), baseball outfielder Matt Young (footballer) (born 1994), English footballer Matt Young, owner of Matt Young Motorsports Matty Young (born 1985), English football midfielder	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Knorr Beeswax Candles Knorr Beeswax Candles is a beeswax candle maker dating to the 1900s and Ferdinand Knorr who opened the business in 1928. His son Henry took over in 1957 and grandson Steven took over in 1982. The candles are sold in 33 colors. References Category:Candles	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dillinger Four / Pinhead Gunpowder Dillinger Four/Pinhead Gunpowder is a split EP by the American punk rock bands Dillinger Four and Pinhead Gunpowder. It was released on May 16, 2000 through Adeline Records. Track listing Dillinger Four "Are You the Motherfucker With the Banana?" "Thanks for Nothing, Part 2: The Revenge" Pinhead Gunpowder All songs written by Aaron Cometbus except where noted. "At Your Funeral" "Porch" "Second Street" (Jason White) Category:Pinhead Gunpowder albums Category:Dillinger Four albums Category:Split EPs Category:Adeline Records EPs	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chijic The Chijic is a left tributary of the river Crișul Repede in Romania. It discharges into the Crișul Repede near Săcădat. References Trasee turistice – județul Bihor Category:Rivers of Romania Category:Rivers of Bihor County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Health Management Resources HMR, formerly known as Health Management Resources, is a part of Merck & Co. that offers weight management programs that combine a structured diet, physical activity, and lifestyle-change coaching. History It was founded as a separate company in 1983, and has provided its programs to U.S. hospitals, medical centers, provider groups, and health systems. More recently, HMR introduced a self-directed program that participants can access online with the option of coaching support by phone. In 2013, HMR became a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc. and is part of Merck's Healthcare Services & Solutions, an entity separate from the pharmaceutical business, which focuses on improving the healthcare experience for patients, providers, and payers. HMR has been included on U.S. News & World Report's rankings for 40 Best Weight-Loss Diets. The HMR Program The HMR Program enables participants to make lifestyle changes to lose weight and then maintain the weight loss. Specifically, the program helps participants learn ways to reduce fat in the diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, and increase daily physical activity. HMR programs reinforce that the behavioral changes participants make to manage their weight also help for overall health management. The HMR Diet All HMR options use a diet of meal replacements (portion-controlled, packaged foods) to reduce food choice decisions. Weight-loss plans HMR offers a range of program options with varying degrees of structure. There is a clinical plan that includes medical supervision and face-to-face group coaching. Individuals may also choose less structured options which can be done with or without medical supervision in a clinic setting. HMR also offers several “at home” weight-loss plans/ All HMR Programs are divided into two phases: Phase 1 (weight loss): The goal is to lose weight quickly by replacing current meals and snacks with HMR foods (and fruits and vegetables on some plans) while beginning to incorporate regular physical activity. Phase 2 (weight management): Participants learn more strategies to manage their weight over the long term as they face "real world" eating challenges such as socializing, dining out, or traveling. Program outcomes In-clinic outcome data There have been several published studies documenting the outcomes of the HMR Program. The clinic-based Decision-Free® Diet has the largest published weight losses ranging from 43 – 66 pounds in 12 – 26 weeks. Two studies have reported on weight losses of 100 pounds or more with the average weight loss over 130 pounds. The clinic-based Healthy Solutions® Diet has reported weight losses ranging from 28 – 37.5 pounds in 12 – 26 weeks. Health Solutions at Home weight loss-data Two randomized controlled trials on the Healthy Solutions at Home Program found that participants in the phone-based program (receiving weekly group coaching by phone) lost as much weight as those in a traditional face-to-face clinic. In both studies, participants in the phone coaching program lost an average of 28 pounds at 6 months. Another randomized study found that participants using Healthy Solutions at Home without any additional coaching lost an average of 13 pounds in 12 weeks. References External links Category:Diets	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Shawkat Ali Emon Shawkat Ali Emon (born 1968/69) is a Bangladeshi music composer. He won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Music Director for the film Purno Doirgho Prem Kahini (2013). He also served as one of the judges of the television show Black Horse RTV Golden Key -- Ebar Tomra Gao. In the 1990s, he was a member of the musical bands Chime and Pentagon. Background Emon was born in Dhaka in the then East Pakistan. His father, Abdus Salam, was a writer from Manikganj District. Career In his early years, Emon served as an assistant of music composer Satya Saha. Emon debuted his film career through the film Rooti (1996). He performed as a playback singer for a few films under the pseudonym Saimon. He composed music of Akhi Alamgir's debut album, Tomar Chokh (2011) and Tareen Jahan's debut album Akash Debo Kakey (2011). Works Music Director Personal life Emon was married to actress Bijori Barkatullah from 1995 to 2012. Together they have a daughter Urbana Shawkat. Emon has five sisters, Abida Sultana, Rebeka, Rehena, Chitra and Salma (d. 2016), and a brother, Mohammad Ali Shumon. Shumon is the founding member of the band Pentagon. In 2014, Emon was arrested because Jinat Kabir Tithi had filed a complaint of being a victim of his blackmail attempt. He later denied the allegations and the case did not result in convictions. References External links Category:Living people Category:1960s births Category:People from Manikganj District Category:Bangladeshi film score composers Category:Recipients of the National Film Awards (Bangladesh) Category:Date of birth missing (living people) Category:Place of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
St. George Ravens The St. George Ravens are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in St. George, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League (GMHL). History Originally announced as the Cyclones, the Halton Ravens joined the GMHL in spring 2013 based in Burlington, Ontario. On September 5, 2013, the Ravens played their first game in team history, at home, against the defending league champion Bradford Rattlers which the Ravens lost 6–1. Brett Lee scored the first goal in franchise history at 6:47 of the second period. On September 15, 2013, the Ravens won their first game, at home, versus the Powassan Eagles. The final score was 7–4, with Adam Ostermeier scoring the game winner halfway through the third. Mike Calouri made 29 saves for the win. In 2016–17, the Ravens moved from playing in Burlington St. George, Ontario, and became the St. George Ravens. The Ravens had a 33–7–0–2 regular season record coming and made the division finals. Season-by-season standings References External links Ravens Webpage GMHL Webpage Category:2013 establishments in Ontario Category:Ice hockey clubs established in 2013 Category:Ice hockey teams in Ontario	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kang Rixin Kang Rixin (; born August 1953) is a Chinese former nuclear engineer and politician. He served as chief manager of China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) and was a member of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He was sentenced to life imprisonment in 2010 for corruption. Biography Kang was born in Datong, Shanxi, China and graduated from the department of nuclear engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University in August 1978. He joined the Communist Party of China in December 1982. In January 2005, he graduated from the graduate school of the Central Party School, majoring in economics management. In June 2005, he obtained an EMBA certificate from Tsinghua University. He is a senior engineer at the researcher level. From 2003 to 2009, he managed the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC), before being accused of corruption and bribery. Kang was sentenced to life imprisonment and confiscation of his possessions by a Beijing court in 2010 because he accepted about one million US dollars in bribes between 2004 and 2009. Kang was a member of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 2007. He was expelled from the body after his bribery conviction. References Category:1953 births Category:Living people Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Shanxi Category:Communist Party of China politicians from Shanxi Category:Politicians from Datong Category:Shanghai Jiao Tong University alumni Category:Expelled members of the Chinese Communist Party Category:Chinese politicians convicted of corruption Category:Members of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Category:Chinese nuclear engineers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dexter (season 2) The second season of Dexter premiered on September 30, 2007, and ended on December 16, 2007. "It's Alive", the season premiere, attracted 1.01 million viewers in the United States, making Dexter the first Showtime series to attract more than a million viewers with a season premiere. The season finale, "The British Invasion", attracted 1.4 million viewers, making it the program's most-watched episode until the airing of the season three finale, "Do You Take Dexter Morgan?". Including digital video recorder (DVR) usage, season two was watched by an average of 2.4 million viewers on a weekly basis through 11 full weeks, outperforming season one by 21%. The season received universal acclaim from critics, and was praised as "one of the best shows on TV this decade" by the Chicago Sun-Times, while Variety considers Hall's portrayal of the title character as a "towering achievement, one that eclipses the show's other shortcomings and rough patches"; the aggregate site Metacritic scored the season at 85 out of 100 based on 11 reviews. In the season, the bodies of Dexter's victims are uncovered and an investigation is launched in Dexter's own department to find the killer, dubbed the "Bay Harbor Butcher". During this time, Debra struggles to recover after surviving the Ice Truck Killer's attempts to murder her, and Rita sends Dexter to Narcotics Anonymous meetings when she suspects that he has an addiction. Sergeant James Doakes (Erik King), stalks Dexter, suspecting that he is connected with the "Ice Truck Killer" killings. Three new characters are introduced: Keith Carradine appears as Special Agent Frank Lundy, an FBI agent who heads the "Bay Harbor Butcher" investigation, JoBeth Williams as Rita's mother Gail, and Jaime Murray as Lila Tournay, Dexter's Narcotics Anonymous sponsor. Plot Starting with this season, the show no longer adapts the Dexter novels. Taking place a month after the first-season finale, Dexter has been unable to kill anyone due to Sgt. James Doakes monitoring his activities and his sister Debra now living with him as she recovers from her traumatic experiences concerning Brian, the Ice Truck Killer. Dexter also realizes that he's having trouble killing even when he has the opportunity, due to feelings of guilt over killing his brother Brian. Rita doubts Dexter's reliability and honesty after finding evidence that he set up her husband Paul to be returned to prison. After her husband dies in a prison fight, Rita confronts Dexter with her suspicions. He admits to setting up Paul but after claiming it was a spontaneous act, cannot explain why he happened to be carrying heroin. Rita incorrectly concludes that Dexter is, like Paul, a drug addict and that this explains his occasional absences and odd behavior. Dexter admits that he does indeed have an addiction (without specifying what that addiction is) and promises to seek help by joining Narcotics Anonymous. There, he meets Lila Tournay, who offers to be his sponsor. Sgt. James Doakes remains suspicious of Dexter's true motives, and constantly monitors Dexter's whereabouts. Divers accidentally stumble upon Dexter's underwater burial ground, discovering the many bags containing the body parts of his victims. Realizing this dumping ground is the work of a serial killer, the media dubs these bodies the work of the "Bay Harbor Butcher." When it's revealed that each victim was a criminal and killer, some members of the public openly support the Bay Harbor Butcher; the case even inspires the creation of a knife-wielding comic book superhero "The Dark Defender." To oversee the investigation of the Butcher's crimes, an FBI special team is assigned to Miami, led by FBI Special Agent Lundy. Working with Miami Metro PD, Lundy brings in several of the Miami detectives, including Debra, to join his team. Over time, Debra and Lundy become romantically involved. To ensure he's not identified as the Bay Harbor Butcher, Dexter finds a new dumping area with current that leads to the Atlantic Ocean. He also falsifies records, destroys evidence, and contaminates refrigerated remains to throw the investigators off his trail. Despite this, Lundy narrows down his suspect search to people in Miami with police training. Dexter puts his guilt over Brian behind him and returns to killing. Dexter later learns that his biological mother died because she was a criminal working as a confidential informant for Harry and had an affair with him. Dexter wonders if he was adopted because Harry felt guilty for his mother's death and he also learns that Harry didn't die of natural causes but purposefully overdosed to cause his own death. He doesn't understand why until later in the season. Doakes becomes confident of Dexter's guilt and confronts him. Dexter then tricks Doakes into assaulting him in the police station, in front of other officers, leading others to side with Dexter that the Sergeant is out of control and causing him to be placed on suspension. Becoming more desperate, Doakes breaks into Dexter's apartment and finds the box of blood samples collected from his victims. However, the investigative team mistakenly concluded that Doakes is the Butcher after finding the box in his car, and Doakes goes into hiding while still tracking Dexter's movements. Lieutenant LaGuerta attempts to vouch for the innocence of her former partner, but Lundy refuses to consider her evidence after he learns that she didn't report previous contact with Doakes during the period he was a fugitive, because of their personal relationship. Meanwhile, Dexter's relationship with Lila becomes closer as she shows him how to accept who he is. When Rita discovers Dexter spent an evening in a hotel with Lila, she breaks up with him and Dexter ends up sleeping with Lila for the first time. Dexter learns that Lila is a pyromaniac, at one point purposely setting fire to her apartment and feigning innocence to draw Dexter back to her. When she starts to follow him obsessively, he takes measures to distance himself from her, eventually forgoing their relationship. Realizing he is developing genuine connection to Rita and her children Astor and Cody, Dexter returns to them. Lila is furious and begins to track Dexter's movements, while also dating Detective Angel Batista. Dexter warns Batista that Lila is not to be trusted but he dismisses the concern. Later, Lila brings rape charges against Batista and tells Dexter she'll drop them if he returns to her. Debra investigates Lila and finds that her real name is Lila West, she is in the country illegally, and she has a criminal history, threatening her with deportation if she doesn't leave Miami. Dexter tracks down the men responsible for his mother's death. One is dead, one is in jail and one, a drug dealer named Jimenez, is alive. Dexter targets Jimenez and tracks down the dealer's secluded cabin in the nearby swamps, where Dexter kills him. Dexter is called away before he can dispose of the body, but feels confident that the cabin is remote. When he finally goes back, he is unaware that Doakes is following him. Dexter subdues Doakes and locks him in a makeshift cell within the cabin, admitting to the sergeant that he is indeed the Bay Harbor Butcher. Dexter decides that he'll escape the law by convincing others that Doakes is the butcher. He kills a drug lord in the cabin in front of Doakes, shocking the police sergeant. Seeing Doakes' reaction to his actions reminds Dexter of something Harry said days before he died. Dexter suddenly realizes that his father committed suicide because he was ashamed of training Dexter to be a serial killer. Horrified, Dexter tells Doakes, "I killed my father." While Dexter considers that he must be held responsible for his crimes, Lila takes the GPS device from Dexter's car and uses it to locate the cabin. She finds Doakes, who explains that he is a prisoner of Dexter Morgan, the Bay Harbor Butcher, and needs help. Deciding she now understands Dexter and must help him, Lila leaves Doakes imprisoned and then lights the cabin's gas stove and opens a propane tank. She leaves and Doakes fails to escape, dying in the explosion. Finding Doakes' body and the other evidence Dexter left behind, the FBI concludes that Sgt. Doakes was indeed the Bay Harbor Butcher. Lila admits her actions to Dexter and reaches out to him. Although he is glad not to be going to jail, Dexter did not intend to kill Doakes since he didn't fit the requirements of "Harry's Code." However, since Lila is a murderer, he plans to kill her since she is too dangerous to his personal life. He pretends that he wants to run away with Lila, but she realizes the truth and kidnaps Rita's children Astor and Cody. At the same time, Debra is on her way to leaving Miami with Lundy rather than letting their relationship end, but then misses the flight when she learns that the children are in danger and Dexter needs her. Lila lures Dexter to her apartment and then sets it on fire with him and the kids still inside. She leaves, sure that they will all die, but Dexter and the children escape. Debra arrives just as Dexter has gotten to safety and decides to remain in Miami after all. The season concludes with Dexter tracking down Lila to Paris and killing her, avenging Doakes and ensuring that no one alive knows his secret life as a serial killer. Cast Main cast Michael C. Hall as Dexter Morgan Julie Benz as Rita Bennett Jennifer Carpenter as Debra Morgan Erik King as James Doakes C.S. Lee as Vince Masuka Lauren Vélez as María LaGuerta David Zayas as Angel Batista James Remar as Harry Morgan Special Guest Stars Keith Carradine as Frank Lundy Jaime Murray as Lila West aka Lila Tournay Recurring cast Preston Bailey as Cody Bennett Christina Robinson as Astor Bennett Geoff Pierson as Tom Matthews Devon Graye, Dominic Janes and Maxwell Huckabee as Young Dexter Morgan Dave Baez as Gabriel Judith Scott as Lt. Esme Pascal JoBeth Williams as Gail Brandon Tony Amendola as Santos Jimenez Sage Kirkpatrick as Laura Moser Christian Camargo as Brian Moser Margo Martindale as Camilla Figg Mark Pellegrino as Paul Bennett Tasia Sherel as Francis Guest cast Matthew Willig as Little Chino Jonathan Banks as FBI Deputy Director Max Adams Glenn Plummer as Jimmy Sensio Don McManus as Roger Hicks John Marshall Jones as Curtis Barnes Silas Weir Mitchell as Ken Olson Crew Series developer James Manos, Jr. left his first season role as executive producer. First season executive producers John Goldwyn, Sara Colleton and Clyde Phillips all returned for the second season. First season co-executive producer Daniel Cerone was promoted to executive producer for the second season. First season consulting producer Melissa Rosenberg took a staff position as co-executive producer for the second season. Scott Buck joined the crew as a co-executive producer and writer. Robert Lloyd Lewis returned as the on set producer. First season Story Editor Timothy Schlattmann was promoted to Executive Story Editor for the second season and continued to write episodes. Lauren Gussis was promoted from staff writer to Story Editor and continued to write for the show. Chad Tomasoski, who had not worked on the show since the pilot episode, rejoined the crew as an associate producer. Episodes References External links Category:2007 American television seasons	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Balranald railway line The Balranald railway line was a Victorian Railways broad gauge line that branched from Barnes on the Deniliquin railway line and ran to Balranald. The building of the line was sanctioned under the Border Railways Act 1922. The Balranald branch line was opened on 26 March 1926. The section from Moulamein to Balranald was closed in 1986. The bridge across Yanga Creek near Balranald was subsequently demolished to make way for a realignment of the Sturt Highway.. Segments between Caldwell and Moulamein and Barnes and Caldwell were closed in 2006 and 2008 respectively. References Category:Closed regional railway lines in New South Wales Category:Railway lines opened in 1926 Category:Railway lines closed in 2008 Category:5 ft 3 in gauge railways in Australia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Thomas Shimmin Thomas Shimmin (1800 – c. 1876–1879) was a rag gatherer and poet nicknamed "Tom the Dipper" who lived in the Isle of Man. He sang and wrote poetry in the Manx language and in English. His poems include, Yn Coayl jeh'n Lillee (The Loss of the Lily), Happy Marriage of the Prince of Wales, and The Royal Manx Railway, or £5 of wit for a penny. He was twice sentenced for robbery, first in 1843 and second in 1851. In 1843, he was sentenced to transportation to Australia, but was pardoned and released in July 1847. He also preached. He may have died in 1876 or 1879. Happy Marriage of the Prince of Wales But the despised metropolis, I call it Castletown, Although the Governor were amiss, In honour did abound; 'Twas not alone the poor were fed, But tradesmen and there spouse, To the Town Hall were freely led, And quickly filled the house. References Further reading Wright, John The Manx MacGonigal: The poems, the life and world of Thomas Shimmin, Manx poet, known as Tom the Dipper. Onchan, 1997 Category:1800 births Category:1876 deaths Category:Manx poets Category:19th-century poets Category:19th-century Manx writers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bright Mass with Canons Bright Mass with Canons is a mass for choir and organ by the American composer Nico Muhly. It was written for the choir of Saint Thomas Church Fifth Avenue and its then music director and organist John Scott. The piece was premiered in New York City in February 2005 by the Choir of Men & Boys of Saint Thomas Church. Composition Bright Mass with Canons has a duration of roughly 13 minutes and is scored for organ and SSAATTBB chorus. Muhly described his prolific use of canons—from which the piece is titled—in the score program notes, writing: Structure The piece is composed in four movements: Kyrie Gloria Sanctus & Benedictus Agnus Dei Reception Since its premiere, Bright Mass with Canons has received modest praise from music critics. Allan Kozinn of The New York Times opined, "Driven, joyful motifs, couched in a harmonic language that oscillates between light dissonance and a firmly traditional, Renaissance-like openness, propel the Kyrie, parts of the Gloria and the Sanctus. Those same musical moves take a more introspective, purely devotional turn in the Agnus Dei." Mark Swed of the Los Angeles Times called the piece "interesting" and said it "has the quality of a Steve Reich mix of old English choral music — clever, bright, show-offy." Ivan Moody of Gramophone was slightly more critical of the piece, writing: References Category:Compositions by Nico Muhly Category:2005 compositions Category:Masses (music)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
The West Point Story (film) The West Point Story (also known as Fine and Dandy) is a 1950 musical comedy film directed by Roy Del Ruth and starring James Cagney, Virginia Mayo and Doris Day. Plot Elwin 'Bix' Bixby (James Cagney) is an unemployed Broadway musical director who agrees to stage the annual 100th Night show at West Point . He is offered the job by producer Harry Eberhart (Roland Winters), with whom he has had a rocky relationship over the years. Eberhart has an underhanded goal in mind: He wants to get his talented nephew Tom Fletcher (Gordon MacRae) out of the Corps of Cadets and turn him into a Broadway star. Bix, who is broke or nearly, agrees to arrange this in return for a cut of Fletcher's future earnings. He and his loyal assistant and girlfriend, Eve Dillon (Virginia Mayo), travel to West Point to turn the annual 100th Night Show written by Tom and his friend Hal Courtland (Gene Nelson) from amateur hour into a Broadway-level production. Bix quickly runs afoul of the Military Academy's rules and customs, cold-cocking Bull Gilbert (Alan Hale Jr.), the cadet who is playing the Princess in the show, after Bull mouths off during rehearsal. The Commandant of Cadets wants to throw him off the Academy grounds, but the cadets in the 100th Night Show, led by Tom, persuade the Commandant to extend to Bixby a privilege seldom offered to outsiders: to live as one of them, a temporary plebe in the Corps of Cadets. The Com is dubious; he's seen Bixby's wartime record, an equal amount of appalling breaches of discipline (including selling a B-17 to an Arab sheik, and going AWOL from a rest camp to fight the Germans with the French Resistance) and incredible acts of valor that garnered Bix the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star, two Purple Hearts, and the French Medaille Militaire, a medal seldom awarded to foreigners. In pursuit of the goal of getting Tom Fletcher out of the Army, Bix persuades his protege Jan Wilson (Doris Day), a chorus girl he discovered and turned into a movie star, to come to a "hop" (dance) thrown by the cast of the 100th Night Show as Tom's date. She finds herself very taken with Cadet Fletcher, and takes on the role of the Princess in the show (courtesy of Bix persuading the Commandant to break tradition and allow a woman to play a female role, West Point at the time being an all-male school; he later persuades the Commandant to allow Eve to play in the show as well). The two of them fall in love, but there are the problems of Tom's military obligation and Jan's Hollywood contracts to be resolved. Tom goes off the deep end and submits his resignation from the Military Academy. Bix, Bull Gilbert, and Hal, the lead dancer of the 100th Nigh Show, go AWOL, follow Tom to New York where he has gone to be with Jan, and bring him back to West Point. But before they return to the Academy, Jan says no to Tom's proposal, realizing how important it is to him that he graduate and be commissioned. Tom is devastated. Wise in the ways of military bureaucracy, Bixby succeeds in intercepting and destroying Tom's resignation letter before official notice can be taken of it, but Tom, Bull, and Hal are arrested on their return to the Academy by order of the Commandant and are confined to quarters except when on duty or in class. The show is threatened with cancellation. The cadets in the show and Bix use their influence to arrange a meeting with the French Premier, visiting the United States on a diplomatic mission. Because of a West Point custom that a visiting dignitary can "request amnesty," the forgiving of all disciplinary offenses for the Corps of Cadets, he is the one man in the country who can insure that the 100th Night Show goes on. Bixby shows the Premier his Medaille Militaire, and the Premier rearranges his schedule to visit the Military Academy, requesting that the Superintendent grant the cadets amnesty at a military parade in his honor. The Superintendent does so, and the show will go on. Eberhart comes to West Point to see the show, presuming that he will be bringing his nephew home with him to become a Broadway star. Deciding that her love for Tom is more important than her career, Jan comes north in time to take Bull Gilbert's place as the Princess (much to Bull's relief) for the "Flirtation Rock" number and the two reconcile, with their marriage on graduation implied. Eberhart, the Broadway producer, comes backstage to find out from Bix when he can take Fletcher back to New York to start his career. When Bixby tells him that Tom is going to become a second lieutenant and not an actor, Eberhart swears that he will see to it Bix never works in show business again. With nothing to lose, Bix takes a swing at the producer, who ducks. The punch connects with Hal, knocking him out and injuring his leg so he can't go on. Bix goes on with Eve for the specialty dance number "It Could Only Happen In Brooklyn." Before the Finale, Tom calls Bix out onto the stage and informs him that instead of the book and libretto going into the Academy archives never to be seen again, they are being given to him to turn into a Broadway show. The cadet cast, Bix, Eve, Tom, and Jan then do the Finale, a reprise of the major numbers of the show, and the curtain falls. Cast James Cagney as Elwin 'Bix' Bixby Virginia Mayo as Eve Dillon (singing voice was dubbed by Bonnie Lou Williams) Doris Day as Jan Wilson Gordon MacRae as Tom Fletcher Gene Nelson as Hal Courtland Alan Hale Jr. as Bull Gilbert Roland Winters as Harry Eberhart Raymond Roe as Bixby's 'wife' (his West Point roommate and trainer in plebe customs) Wilton Graff as Lieutenant Colonel Martin Jerome Cowan as Mr. Jocelyn Musical numbers "Hail Alma Mater" - sung by Chorus behind titles "It's Raining Sundrops" - sung by Chorus, danced by James Cagney, Virginia Mayo and Chorus in rehearsal "One Hundred Days 'Til June" - sung by Gordon MacRae and Chorus "By the Kissing Rock" - sung by Gordon MacRae, danced by Gordon MacRae, Alan Hale, Jr. and Chorus "By the Kissing Rock" (reprise 1) - sung and danced by James Cagney and Virginia Mayo (dubbed by Bonnie Lou Williams) "Long Before I Knew You" - sung by Gordon MacRae, danced by Gene Nelson "Long Before I Knew You" - danced by Gene Nelson "Ten Thousand Four Hundred Thirty-Two Sheep" - sung by Doris Day and Chorus "The Military Polka" - sung and danced by Doris Day, Gordon MacRae, James Cagney, Virginia Mayo (dubbed by Bonnie Lou Williams), Gene Nelson and Chorus "You Love Me" - sung by Gordon MacRae "By the Kissing Rock" (reprise 2) - sung by Gordon MacRae and Doris Day "By the Kissing Rock" (reprise 3) - sung by Virginia Mayo (dubbed by Bonnie Lou Williams) "The Corps" - sung by Gordon MacRae and Chorus "The Toy Trumpet" - danced by Gene Nelson and Chorus "You Love Me"''' (reprise) - sung by Gordon MacRae and Doris Day "B 'Postrophe K No 'Postrophe LYN/It Could Only Happen in Brooklyn" - sung by James Cagney and Chorus, danced by James Cagney, Virginia Mayo and Chorus "This Is the Finale"- sung and danced by Doris Day, Gordon MacRae, James Cagney, Virginia Mayo (dubbed by Bonnie Lou Williams), Gene Nelson and Chorus Reception The film received two award nominations in 1951. Ray Heindorf was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of a Musical Picture and John Monks Jr., Charles Hoffman and Irving Wallace were nominated for a Writers Guild of America award for Best Written American Musical. Box office According to Warner Bros records the film earned $2,146,000 domestically and $744,000 foreign. References External links Category:1950 films Category:1950s musical comedy films Category:American films Category:American musical comedy films Category:American black-and-white films Category:English-language films Category:Films directed by Roy Del Ruth Category:Films scored by Ray Heindorf Category:Films set in the United States Military Academy Category:Films with screenplays by Irving Wallace	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Mete Paetahi Mete Kīngi te Rangi Paetahi (ca. 1813 – 22 September 1883) was a Member of Parliament in New Zealand. He was one of four Māori elected in the first Māori elections of 1868 for the new Māori electorates in the House of Representatives. Private life Paetahi was the chief of the Ngāti Poutama hapu of the Wanganui Region. Political career At the nomination meeting in Wanganui, held at the Courthouse, Mete Paetahi was the only candidate proposed. He was thus elected unopposed. He held a salaried office of Assessor from the Crown, hence a special act, The Mete Kingi Paetahi Election Act, 1868 had to be passed to validate his election. He represented the electorate of Western Maori from 1868 to 1870. He contested the electorate again at the 1871 general election, but was defeated by Wiremu Parata. Of the three candidates, he came last. Notes References Category:1813 births Category:1883 deaths Category:Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives Category:New Zealand MPs for Māori electorates Category:People from Whanganui Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1871 New Zealand general election Category:19th-century New Zealand politicians	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ryan Lederer Ryan Lederer is an American author and student. He is most probably best known for penning the bestselling children's picture book, "The Adventures of Captain Candy". He resides in Westlake Village, California. He also has been an avid accordion player for 12 years Life and career Lederer was born in Westlake Village, California, United States to Stacy and Michael Lederer. At the young age of five, Lederer thought of a character named "Captain Candy". This character would later be developed further and appear in the book "The Adventures of Captain Candy", in which Lederer wrote and published. The Adventures of Captain Candy On September 5, 2007, Lederer, in partnership with Seven Locks Press, published a book titled "The Adventures of Captain Candy". It is currently being sold by Amazon.com and Barnes & Noble. A sequel, "Captain Candy in Marshmallow Land", was announced shortly after the launch of the first book of the Captain Candy series, but has yet to be released. Other interests In addition to writing, Lederer also has an interest in acting, playing the guitar and snowboarding. Lederer is attending USC in the fall. Due to a bet regarding his acceptance into USC, he pierced his nose. Series Captain Candy The Adventures of Captain Candy (2007) The Adventures of Captain Candy in Hardcover (2011) Captain Candy in Marshmallow Land (TBA) References Category:American children's writers Category:Living people Category:People from Westlake Village, California Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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