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The Marksman (2005 film)
The Marksman is a 2005 American action film directed by Marcus Adams, starring Wesley Snipes, William Hope, Emma Samms and Anthony Warren. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on September 6, 2005.
Plot
When the U.S. is tricked into targeting an 'armed' nuclear reactor captured by Chechen rebels, a Chechen leader is killed and rebel leaders capture the nuclear power plant. Enter Painter (Wesley Snipes), a US Special Forces operative, known as 'The Marksman'. Painter and his Spec-Ops team only have a limited amount of time to resolve the conflict before U.S. military forces wade in. However, when things don't go according to plan, Painter suspects that foul play may be afoot.
Cast
Wesley Snipes as Painter
William Hope as Jonathan Tensor
Emma Samms as Amanda Jacks
Anthony Warren as Capt. Naish
Peter Youngblood Hills as Hargreaves
Ryan McCluskey as Rodgers
Warren Derosa as Orin
Christiaan Haig as Hightop
Dan Badaru as Gen. Igor Zaysan
Serge Soric as Andrey Flintov
Gelu Nitu as Minister Viktor Ivanov
Matthew Salinger as General Parent
John Guerrasio as Secretary Cummings
Ian Ashpitel as Major Devro
Peter Bradley Swander as Sergeant Hill
Tim Abell as Lt. Carter
Vlad Ivanov as Mikhail Beslan
Mihai Dinvale as Ilya Chikal
Tania Popa as Valentina Benkova
Production
The Marksman was filmed in Bucharest, Romania, in 49 days between August 16 and October 4, 2004.
Reception
This film generally garnered a very poor rating although receiving an average rating of 3.8/10 stars on IMDb. The general consensus of the reviews offered that the film is let down by the poor re-use of scenes barely seconds apart and the terrible acting grade by the actors.
In the first week The Marksman opened at #11 at rentals chart and earned $1.36 million.
Home media
DVD was released in Region 1 in the United States on September 6, 2005, and also Region 2 in the United Kingdom on 28 November 2005, it was distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
References
External links
Category:2005 films
Category:2005 direct-to-video films
Category:2000s action films
Category:American action films
Category:American films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films about terrorism in Europe
Category:Films set in Romania
Category:Films shot in Bucharest
Category:War adventure films
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Vutov
Vutov is a Bulgarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Antonio Vutov (born 1996), Bulgarian footballer
Vitomir Vutov (born 1971), Bulgarian footballer
Category:Bulgarian-language surnames
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Tore Bruvoll
Tore Bruvoll (born 30 October 1978 in Tromsø) is a Norwegian musician (guitar and multi-instrumentalist), composer and music arranger.
Career
Bruvoll was educated at Telemark University College (1997–1999), and is best known from the group Hekla Stålstrenga who have released two albums. He has also had great success with two otherprojects: "Den Store Norske Gitarkvartett" and the duo cooperation Bruvoll/Halvorsen together with the kveder Jon Anders Halvorsen. Bruvoll has collaborated with many other artists in traditional folk like Annbjørg Lien and String Sisters. Bruvoll has since the late 90's worked closely with Ragnhild Furebotten, which has resulted in the founding of the band Hekla Stålstrenga, including two nominations for the Spellemannprisen and extensive touring in Norway as well as internationally.
Bruvoll also plays other instruments like banjo, dobro, mandolin, ukulele and low whistle as well as guitar.
Honors
2006: Young Arts Scholarship by the Festival of Northern Norway within Hekla Stålstrenga
Discography
Majorstuens – "Juledrøm" (2006)
String Sisters "Live in Norway" cd&dvd (Grappa 2007)
ALB – Lupus Island (2006)
Steve Byrne – "Songs from home" (2006)
With Jogvan Andrias – "Soleidis saman" (2000)
With Jon Anders Halvorsen
2004: Nattasang (Heilo)
2007: Trillar For To (Heilo)
With String Sisters
2007: Live (Heilo)
With Ragnhild Furebotten
2008: Hekla Stålstrenga (Ta:lik), nominated for the Spellemannprisen 2008
Within Hekla Stålstrenga
2011: Makramé (Ta:lik), nominated for the Spellemannprisen] 2011
2013: Dyrandé (Ta:lik)
With Sondre Bratland
2011: Jol I Mi Song (Kirkelig Kulturverksted)
References
External links
Tore Bruvoll at Hekla Stålstrenga Website
Category:1978 births
Category:Living people
Category:Musicians from Tromsø
Category:Norwegian folk guitarists
Category:Norwegian male guitarists
Category:Norwegian composers
Category:Norwegian male composers
Category:Heilo Music artists
Category:21st-century Norwegian guitarists
Category:21st-century Norwegian male musicians
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Art of Fighting (band)
Art of Fighting are an indie rock band from Melbourne, Australia.
History
The band formed in 1995 as a duo, with Ollie Browne playing guitar and Peggy Frew on bass, with both taking turns on vocals. The couple were also in a romantic relationship at this time, though they were to split amicably later.
They were joined six months later by drummer Cameron Grant, and over the following two years released two demo tapes, the first self-titled and the second named The Angry Man. Two of the tracks from the latter, "The Chorus is Suffering" and "You and Me on Mars" were included on the Wonder From A Quarter Acre compilation put out by Au Go Go Records in 1998.
In 1997, the trio began recording The Very Strange Year. During touring for this EP but before its release, Ollie Browne's brother, Miles Browne, joined the group playing guitar and trumpet. The Very Strange Year was released on Half a Cow Records at the end of 1998.
In the middle of 1999 the foursome began recording another EP for Half a Cow, Empty Nights, which was released in November of that year. Cameron Grant left the band in late 2000, being replaced on drums by Marty Brown (also of Sodastream).
Following a move to Trifekta Records, in 2001 the band recorded their debut full-length album, Wires. The album was successful and went on to win an ARIA award for Best Alternative Release, beating the more high-profile You Am I, Something for Kate and Magic Dirt. Not expecting to win, they were famously told of their prize while packing up after a gig in Germany, on their first European tour.
The success of the album not only locally but also internationally - with releases in the USA, Japan, Germany and Taiwan - led to a sustained period of touring. This successful time was followed by a turbulent 2003, when the long-term romantic relationship between Ollie Browne and Peggy Frew ended, amongst other variously momentous events.
Their second album, Second Storey, was released in 2004, once again engendering a burst of touring both local and international. In a coup for the band, Bella Union released the album in the UK and Europe.
At the end of 2006, the release of first single "Eastbound" preceded a forthcoming album titled Runaways released on 10 March in Australia, on Remote Control Records. In April 2007 the band played at All Tomorrow's Parties (curated by Dirty Three) in Minehead UK, which was followed by two live shows in Tokyo.
In 2008 the band scored an original soundtrack for the Australian film Ten Empty and in 2010 saw Ollie create a new group called Parallel Lions.
In 2019 the band released the single "Your Love", announced a new album and played concerts in Sydney and Melbourne.
Discography
Albums
Wires (LP, HORSE008-2, Trifekta, January 2001)
Second Storey (LP, HORSE044-2, Trifekta, January 2004)
Runaways (LP, Remote Control Records, 10 March 2007)
EPs and singles
The Very Strange Year (EP, HAC74, Half a Cow Records, November 1998)
Empty Nights (EP, HAC87, Half a Cow Records, November 1999)
In No Way Good (7" split with 2 Litre Dolby, BBQ'D02, BBQ'D Browne Records, January 2000)
"Reasons Are All I Have Left" (single, Trifekta, 2001)
"Along the Run" (single, HORSE043-2, Trifekta, 5 July 2004)
"Come Round and Show Me" (single, HORSE046-2, Trifekta, 7 February 2005)
"Eastbound" (single, RCON004CDS, Remote Control Records, November 2006)
Compilation appearances
Wonder From A Quarter Acre (Au Go Go Records, 1998)
References
External links
Article on the production of Second Storey
Article on the making of Runaways
Article on the forthcoming release of Runaways
Category:Victoria (Australia) musical groups
Category:Australian indie rock groups
Category:ARIA Award winners
Category:Bella Union artists
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Jean Duhau
Jean Duhau is a French rugby footballer who represented France as a player in both rugby league and rugby union. He later became a coach and coached France rugby league team in multiple Rugby League World Cups.
Playing career
Duhau originally played rugby union and played in the 1926–27 French Rugby Union Championship for Stade Français. He made his debut for France on 28 January 1928, becoming French representative 235. He later switched to rugby league, being part of the France side that toured Great Britain in 1934.
Coaching career
Duhau later became a coach and coached the France rugby league team during their 1951 tour of Australia and New Zealand and at the inaugural 1954 Rugby League World Cup. He also later coached the team at the 1957 and 1960 Rugby League World Cups.
References
Category:French rugby league players
Category:France national rugby league team players
Category:French rugby union players
Category:France international rugby union players
Category:French rugby league coaches
Category:France national rugby league team coaches
Category:Rugby league props
Category:Rugby union props
Category:Rugby league second-rows
Category:Stade Français rugby players
Category:Dual-code rugby internationals
Category:1906 births
Category:1973 deaths
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HMHS Rewa
HMHS Rewa (His Majesty's Hospital ship) was a steamship originally built for the British-India Steam Navigation Company for their mail and passenger service but requisitioned in August 1914 and fitted out for use as a British hospital ship during the First World War. On 4 January 1918, she was hit and sunk by a torpedo from the German U-boat .
History
Rewa was ordered in 1905 by the British India Steam Navigation Company (BI) from William Denny & Bros at Dumbarton at the same time as sister ship SS Rohilla from Harland & Wolff Ltd of Belfast. They differed mainly in their engines: Rewa was triple-screw with steam turbines, while Rohilla had a pair of quadruple expansion steam engines, also made by Harland & Wolff, and twin screws. Rohillas engines totalled , producing on sea trials. Although ordered for the London to Calcutta service, increased competition prompted BI to design the two sisters to be suitable also as troopships.
Career
The British India Company's transport Rewa was run aground at the Suez Canal on 26 November 1906, blocking the canal, and was refloated by the next day. In 1913 she entered the Suez Canal from Karachi carrying the 2nd Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment homeward bound to England.
Sinking
On 4 January 1918, Rewa was returning to Britain from Malta with 279 wounded officers aboard. Neutral inspectors from Spain had boarded the ship in Gibraltar to confirm that she had no military function. At 11:15, she was hit by a torpedo off Hartland Point. The ship took around two hours to sink, allowing all wounded and ship's crew to board lifeboats except for the four engine men who died in the initial explosion.
Aftermath
The sinking of the ship caused outrage in Britain. The German high command denied sinking the ship, instead blaming the explosion on a loose British mine. However, German naval command had declared unrestricted submarine warfare in a desperate effort to win the war. The naval command secretly ordered U-boat captains to sink any Allied ship, including hospital ships, even though it violated Hague Convention X. However, the captain of U-55 Wilhelm Werner—perhaps fearing the consequences of his actions—wrote in the ship's log that he sank a cargo vessel and not a brightly lit and painted hospital ship. After the war, Wilhelm Werner was hunted by Allied command in an effort to charge him for war crimes, but he disappeared, thus avoiding a trial. In 2002, a stone was erected near Hartland Point dedicated to the ship and the people who served and died on her.
Wreckage
The wreckage lies at 50.55°N 04.49°W, which is located off the west UK coast. It lies in about of water which makes it difficult for all but the most experienced diver to explore. During the Second World War, the wreckage was often mistaken by British sonar for a German U-boat. To confirm that a U-Boat was not just hiding on the sea bed, Allied ships would drop depth charges, called opening the "tin can". If oil or German bodies floated to the surface then they knew they had destroyed a U-Boat. If nothing floated up then they would move to the next sonar target. This process totally destroyed the wreck of Rewa.
See also
List of United Kingdom disasters by death toll
References
External links
Category:World War I shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
Category:Ships built on the River Clyde
Category:Maritime incidents in 1918
Category:Hospital ships in World War I
Category:Ships sunk by German submarines in World War I
Category:1906 ships
Category:Ships of the British India Steam Navigation Company
Category:Hospital ships of the Royal Navy
Category:Cornish shipwrecks
Category:1918 disasters in the United Kingdom
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Blue Mountain, California
Blue Mountain (also, Blue Mountain City) is a former settlement in Calaveras County, California, along Licking Fork, approximately northeast of Mountain Ranch. A post office operated in Blue Mountain from 1863 to 1864.
References
Category:Former settlements in Calaveras County, California
Category:Former populated places in California
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Aleksandar Subić
Aleksandar Subić (; born 27 September 1993) is a Bosnian professional footballer who play as a left-back for FK Borac Banja Luka in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Club career
Early career
Subić is a product of the FK Borac Banja Luka youth academy. He made his senior debut for Borac in 2012. After Vladan Grujić moved to FK Voždovac, Subić became the first team captain for the 2015–16 season at Borac.
Partizan
Subić left Borac and signed a 4-year deal with FK Partizan, the last day of the summer 2015 transfer period, and took the jersey number 19. His first official debut for Partizan was on 23 September 2015 in a game against FK Rad. On 1 October 2015, he debuted for Partizan on the European stage in the second round of the group stage of the Europa League against German Bundesliga club FC Augsburg. Subić played well until the 64th minute when he received a second yellow and he had to left the match, but luckily for him Partizan won 1–3. Due to a red card in Augsburg, Subić missed the game in which Partizan hosted Athletic Bilbao.
By the end of the group stage of the Europa League he played 3 more matches (against AZ Alkmaar, Athletic Bilbao and Augsburg). Those performances were not good enough for Partizan so he was sent on a loan to FK Sloboda Tuzla. He came back to Partizan in the summer od 2017, but was later sent on another loan to FK Radnički Niš where he was until his loan contract expired that summer. After his loan ended, Subić again came back to Partizan, but did not play a single game in the 2018–19 season.
Borac Banja Luka
After leaving Partizan in the summer of 2019 after his contract expired, on 6 July 2019, Subić signed a two year contract with the club he started off his career at, Borac Banja Luka. In his first game since his return to Borac, the club tied 0–0 in a league match at home against FK Mladost Doboj Kakanj on 17 August 2019.
International career
Subić was a member of the Bosnia and Herzegovina U21 national team for who made one appearance in 2013. He later played for the Republika Srpska official U23 team in an unofficial game against Serbian side FK Teleoptik, played on 15 October 2014.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Player
Club
Partizan
Serbian Cup: 2015–16
References
External links
Aleksandar Subić stats at utakmica.rs
Category:1993 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Banja Luka
Category:Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Category:Association football defenders
Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Category:FK Borac Banja Luka players
Category:FK Partizan players
Category:FK Sloboda Tuzla players
Category:FK Radnički Niš players
Category:Serbian SuperLiga players
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This Is England '90
This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films. A spin-off from the 2006 film This Is England, it is also a sequel to the series This Is England '86 and This Is England '88. This Is England '90 was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his documentary about reunited Manchester rock band The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.
In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script. He also confirmed that this will likely be the final series of the saga.
In October 2014, Channel 4 announced that filming had begun in Sheffield and the series would be made up of four episodes due to air in 2015. On 31 July 2015, the first trailer for the series was released to YouTube, on the Channel 4 channel. The series premiered on 13 September 2015.
Overview
This Is England '90 looks at rave culture and the 1990 FIFA World Cup. It features Shaun, Kelly, Trev, Harvey and Gadget who are involved in the rave scene. Combo is released from prison after serving his sentence for the manslaughter of Mick in This Is England '86. Flip and Higgy from the moped gang in This Is England '86 are more prominently featured in the cast in this series.
Similar to the film and the two previous series, '90 featured a montage of the era at the beginning of the first episode, featuring the resignation of Margaret Thatcher in November 1990 which is set to the 1988 song "There She Goes" by The La's (which was re-released in October 1990). The music of The Stone Roses was also featured prominently.
Each episode is set against a different season of the year, starting with Spring, and having significant time pass between each episode.
Production
Much of the filming took place in Sheffield, particularly in the Gleadless area, with the Park Hill flats serving as the location for Harvey and Gadget's flat.
Episodes
Spring
Milky, Woody, Lol and the gang are all reunited in the classic era of 1990s rave culture, Following on from the events of 1988, Woody and Lol are back together and have a little baby, Jimmy. Lol has a job as a dinnerlady at the local school with Chrissie, Kelly and Trev, while Woody stays at home with the kids.
Gadget, Harvey, Kelly, Trev and Shaun are all following the Madchester rave scene, smoking cannabis in bongs and taking whatever drugs they have, usually provided by Harvey who appears to have become a low-level dealer on the estate.
After a conversation with Cynthia about the events of '88, Shaun goes to find Smell who dumped him in '88 for cheating on her with Fay after the Christmas production at college. When he finally managed to find her ending a day at her new college course, Shaun tells Smell he has missed her and invites her to a Manchester-themed discothèque at the town hall but Smell is reluctant to go, then tells him she has met someone else, which hits him hard, prompting his crying.
Meanwhile, Woody and Lol have gone round to Woody's parents' house where there is a certain surprise for Woody, after seeing that his ex – Jennifer – is staying over, after a row with her parents. A certain blast from the past bursts out of the cupboard... Mr Squires, Woody's old boss. He offers Woody a partnership but Woody gets upset and angry because he doesn't want to end up like his dad and then an argument erupts.
Later Shaun is seen round at Harvey and Gadget's flat taking bong hits. Shaun tells the lads what happened when he saw Smell and then Harvey jokes about it, impersonating Smell and cheering up Shaun.
Afterwards Woody, Lol and the gang are all round at Lol's mums talking about the disco, then Kelly and Trev persuade Lol to attend so the girls get ready and head off. Shaun, Harvey and Gadget are heading into the disco when Shaun suddenly starts suffering with dizziness and nausea, a reaction to the bong hits he previously took, but Harvey gives him some speed to perk him up for the night.
The girls meet the lads in the disco and "Fools Gold" starts to play and everybody gets pumped up and raves. After the disco a Goth-like lad called Harrison goes over to Shaun to tell him that he is Smell's boyfriend, and he is sorry Smell can't make it, but then Shaun, feeling disrespected in front of his mates, over-reacts and a skirmish occurs.
After things have calmed down everyone goes home and we see Woody asleep and Lol getting ready to go to bed.
Summer
Shaun, Harvey, Gadget, Kelly and Trev all pack into a small car, venturing into the countryside in search of a rave. On the way they meet Flip and Higgy, whose car has broken down, so all seven squeeze into one car. After a long day trying to find their intended venue, they give up and begin to camp out in the woods for the night. In the distance, they hear the sound of drums and assume it's the rave they've been trying to find. Walking down into a field they stumble upon a commune of new-age travellers and spontaneously join their party. Shaun finds comfort with an attractive older lady, whilst Kelly, already high on alcohol and Ecstasy, is encouraged to smoke drugs before indulging in sex with three men in a trailer. After waking, whilst watching the sunrise, a tearful Kelly confides in Gadget "I'm a fucking slag Gadget...I just do what I fucking want, Gadge, that's the fucking problem".
Lol, Woody and Milky stay at home, spending the afternoon having a barbecue in their front garden. When the phone rings in the evening, Lol says it is her mother and takes the call in another room. She later tells Woody that it wasn't her mother, but it was Combo, who is about to be released from prison and needs a place to stay.
Autumn
Lol and Woody invite everyone round to their house for Sunday dinner. After the meal, they inform everyone that it wasn't Combo who killed Mick, but Lol. Lol also tells her sister Kelly that Mick raped Trev the night before he was killed. Kelly refuses to believe that her father was a bad person. Lol and Woody continue with the news that Combo is about to be released from prison and has nowhere to stay. Once it becomes clear that Combo will be staying with them, Milky refuses to let his daughter stay under the same roof as the racist man who beat him half to death. Shaun's place at college is reconsidered and he gains a place on the photography course, much to Cynthia and Sandhu's excitement. Woody proposes to Lol, and Combo moves in with them, meanwhile Milky prepares an attack on Combo.
Winter
While Lol and Woody plan their wedding, Milky plans revenge against Combo who is now about to start his first day working at a local community centre. Harvey catches Kelly smoking heroin in his bathroom and instructs her to leave immediately. When Gadget finds out he has a blazing row with Harvey before leaving to find Kelly.
Shaun has started his photography course at college, making use of his new camera bought by his mother and Mr. Sandhu. He and fellow photography student Juliette begin an assignment together. While out taking photographs, the pair meet a distressed Gadget as he looks for Kelly. Shaun joins Gadget in the search. They eventually find her in an isolated spot where her father's ashes were scattered. Both offer to find her a place to stay, but she refuses their help, mocks Gadget's pity and leaves with a man friend who is unknown to Shaun and Gadget, and who Kelly is later seen living with.
Combo enjoys his first day at work at the community centre. After saying he is going out for lunch, he is surprised by Milky waiting outside, wanting to go for a cup of tea and a talk "man to man" about the racist attack that Combo launched on him seven years ago that left him clinging to life. During a long drive into the countryside, anxious that several cafés have been left behind, Combo becomes suspicious.
Sitting in a cafe, Combo tells Milky he was a coward for what he did, and that he was secretly jealous of the love Milky had from his family. Milky's relative, Rudy (played by Vauxhall Jermaine), arrives with other family members and it soon transpires that promises were made to avenge the attack. Combo apologises to Milky again, saying he hopes Milky will one day forgive him. He is then ushered into the back of a van. At some disused dockside buildings, Combo is handed over to two white men. Crying and screaming he is dragged away. He is not seen again.
Two months later, at the reception after Woody and Lol's church wedding ceremony, Smell, who is with her boyfriend Harrison, tries to create a scene after meeting Shaun's new girlfriend, Juliette, whom she describes as a "hot mess". Her angry behaviour mirrors Shaun's reaction to his meeting with Harrison at the disco. 'Missing' Kelly is then seen sitting by herself in a room in a run down drugs-den.
During a quiet interlude from the wedding festivities, when alone in the snooker room of the working men's club, Lol asks Milky if he has seen or heard from Combo. He evades the questions, reacting in a non-committal way, rather uneasily. Lol has noticed that Milky is subdued and not quite himself, and is suspicious that Milky was involved in the disappearance.
Kelly leaves the house and walks to her sister's wedding reception. She attempts to leave a card and disappear before she is seen by anyone, but is spotted by Lol. The two sisters reconcile during a deep conversation and eventually Kelly agrees to stay and join in the wedding celebrations, becoming re-united with her family and friends.
The episode ends with a wedding-dance party scene containing most of the major characters from the film and television series, such as Meggy and Pob. The happy montage is intercut with a lone Milky standing at the bar brooding over his part in Combo's disappearance.
Cast
Thomas Turgoose as Shaun Fields
Vicky McClure as Frances Lorraine "Lol" Jenkins
Joe Gilgun as Richard "Woody" Woodford
Stephen Graham as Andrew "Combo" Gascoigne
Andrew Shim as Michael "Milky"
Chanel Cresswell as Kelly Jenkins
Danielle Watson as Trev
Lyra Mae Thomas as Lisa
Andrew Ellis as Gary "Gadget" Flowers
Michael Socha as Harvey
Rosamund Hanson as Michelle "Smell"
Haris Salihovic as Harrison
Jo Hartley as Cynthia Fields
Kriss Dosanjh as Mr. Sandhu
Katherine Dow Blyton as Christine "Chrissy" Jenkins
Steve Brody as Richard Woodford, Sr.
Rebecca Manley as Barbara Woodford
Stacey Sampson as Jennifer
Perry Fitzpatrick as Flip
Joe Dempsie as Higgy
Helen Behan as Helen
Poppy Corby-Tuech as Juliette
William Travis as Mr. Squires
Johnny Harris as Michael "Mick" Jenkins
Perry Benson as Ronald "Meggy" Megford
George Newton as Banjo
Vauxhall Jermaine as Rudy
Hannah Walters as Trudy
Kieran Hardcastle as Kes
Sophie Ellerby as Pob
Awards
The show won three BAFTA Television Awards in 2016, for Mini-Series, Supporting Actress for Chanel Cresswell, and Director for Shane Meadows.
Potential sequel set in the year 2000
Although This Is England '90 was previously expected to be the final instalment in the This Is England series, in interviews close to the May 2016 BAFTA awards, Meadows talked about the potential of one final film as a way of "bookending [the series] for cinema and TV", saying "I think there's a film that's left in there ... there is still one little gem in there". He implied this would be a future release to end the series, shown simultaneously in cinemas and on television.
Planning for another film was again confirmed in 2017, although no timescale has been discussed for the project.
In May 2019, while promoting The Virtues with Stephen Graham, Meadows once again talked of a final film "set at the millenium" and which would be titled This Is England '00 if it were to come to fruition. Although Meadows has not yet written a script for the film, he described the story as "an absolute banger".
References
External links
Shane Meadows website
Warp Films website
Category:Television series set in 1990 Category:2010s British drama television series
Category:2015 British television series debuts
Category:2015 British television series endings
Category:2010s British television miniseries
Category:Channel 4 television dramas
Category:Sequel television series
Category:English-language television programs
Category:Television shows set in Sheffield
Category:Television shows set in South Yorkshire
Category:BAFTA winners (television series)
Category:Live action television programs based on films
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Zenon Konopka
Zenon Konopka (born January 2, 1981) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Also known as "Zenon the Destroyer", Konopka played for the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, Columbus Blue Jackets, Tampa Bay Lightning, New York Islanders, Ottawa Senators, Minnesota Wild, and Buffalo Sabres during his National Hockey League (NHL) career.
Playing career
As a youth, Konopka played in the 1995 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Niagara Falls, Ontario.
Konopka played junior hockey with the Ottawa 67's of the OHL from 1998 to 2002, and was a member of the 1999 Memorial Cup champions. He was not drafted by a NHL team and caught on with the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL.
After three minor league seasons with various teams in the ECHL and AHL, he made his NHL debut in 2005–2006, playing 23 games for the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. After the Ducks were eliminated, he returned to Portland in the AHL, where he led all playoff scorers in power play goals and assists. In 2006–07, he returned to the minors, playing for Portland in the AHL. On January 26, 2007, he was traded by the Anaheim Ducks along with Curtis Glencross and a draft pick to the Blue Jackets in exchange for forwards Mark Hartigan, Joe Motzko and a draft pick. He played for Columbus's farm team in the AHL, the Syracuse Crunch, with occasional call-ups to the Blue Jackets.
On July 10, 2008, Konopka signed a two year-contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning as a free agent. In 2009, after a strong training camp, Konopka made the Lightning's roster out of training camp. On July 2, 2010, he signed with the New York Islanders as an unrestricted free agent.
Konopka was the most penalized player in 2009–10 and 2010–11 NHL seasons.
On July 5, 2011, Konopka signed a one-year contract with the Ottawa Senators. During the 2012 Stanley Cup playoffs, Konopka directed verbal abuse towards a New York Rangers player during a live television interview. Konopka was fined $2,500 by the NHL.
On July 1, 2012, Konopka signed a two-year, $1.85-million contract with the Minnesota Wild. He reportedly had three offers on the table before accepting the deal with Minnesota.
On January 3, 2014, Konopka was claimed off waivers by the Buffalo Sabres, with whom he remained until the end of the season.
On May 15, 2014, Konopka was suspended for 20 games following violation of the NHL/NHLPA Performance Enhancing Substances Program after taking dehydroepiandrosterone on a doctor's suggestion. His contract with the Sabres expired July 1, during the suspension.
On January 30, 2015, Konopka signed with Ciarko PBS Bank KH Sanok of the PHL in Poland. As of June 2015, he was on tour with other professional journeymen hockey players in Australia. He planned on returning to North America after the tour ended in the hopes of returning to the NHL or, if unable to do that, an American minor league.
On April 1, 2017, Konopka officially retired from hockey when he signed a one-day contract with the Syracuse Crunch to close out his career. Konopka had previously served as Syracuse's captain, and is considered one of the more popular players in team history. Before the game a ceremony featured a video from his former teammates, and the presentation of a lifetime key to the Crowne Plaza Syracuse.
Personal
Zenon Konopka is also an entrepreneur and owner of a company Prime Wine Products and partners with local charities to help children's programs. Konopka also owns and operates Konopka Co-Packing, a packaging company that employs over 20 workers. He was once part-owner in an Ottawa bar-restaurant called "Stout Bros." and has run the "Zenon Konopka Hockey Academy" in Ottawa since 2007.
He also has a black pet rabbit, Hoppy, and maintains an Instagram and a Twitter account for his pet, who has relocated with him since 2006. Konopka told Fox Sports North that he never wanted a rabbit as a child, but a friend suggested one as Konopka is allergic to cats and dogs. "I can't help that I fell in love with the little guy ... the guy's pretty cool. He just chills around, has his litter box, does his business there and he's pretty soothing to come home to." Zenon also has a specially made hockey jersey made for Hoppy for each team he plays for.
Konopka is of Polish descent. His father was born in Poland. His mother is a native of Buffalo, New York. Konopka's sister, Cynthia, sang the national anthems at Scotiabank Place before the Senators' game on January 16, 2012.
Career statistics
Bold indicates led league
References
External links
Official Zenon Konopka Website
Category:1981 births
Category:Buffalo Sabres players
Category:Canadian ice hockey centres
Category:Canadian people of Polish descent
Category:Cincinnati Mighty Ducks players
Category:Columbus Blue Jackets players
Category:HC Lada Togliatti players
Category:Ice hockey people from Ontario
Category:Idaho Steelheads (ECHL) players
Category:Living people
Category:Memorial Cup winners
Category:Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
Category:Minnesota Wild players
Category:New York Islanders players
Category:Ottawa 67's players
Category:Ottawa Senators players
Category:People from Niagara-on-the-Lake
Category:Portland Pirates players
Category:Syracuse Crunch players
Category:Tampa Bay Lightning players
Category:Undrafted National Hockey League players
Category:Utah Grizzlies (AHL) players
Category:Wheeling Nailers players
Category:Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins players
Category:Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Russia
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Some Fantastic Place
Some Fantastic Place is the tenth studio album by the British new wave group Squeeze, released in 1993 by A&M Records. Their first album since the departure of original Squeeze drummer Gilson Lavis, it features Pete Thomas and the brief return of keyboardist/vocalist Paul Carrack, who had previously appeared on East Side Story (1981). "Loving You Tonight" became only the second Squeeze song cut in thirteen years to feature Carrack singing a lead part. Additionally, bassist Keith Wilkinson wrote and sang "True Colours (The Storm)", the first song on a Squeeze album not written by Glenn Tilbrook, Chris Difford, Jools Holland, or any combination of those three.
The album features a pop rock style and was produced by Squeeze and Peter Smith. Recorded in Tilbrook's recently built personal studios, the recording sessions involved a larger deal of debate concerning song structures, which the band said helped contribute towards the album's passionate sound. Unusually, Glenn Tilbrook and Chris Difford wrote songs together rather than apart, which they suggested helped revitalise their working relationship. The album was released to critical acclaim, and the title track remains Difford and Tilbrook's favourite Squeeze song. The album reached number 26 in the UK Albums Chart.
Background
A&M Records had dropped Squeeze following the commercial disappointment of Frank (1989), and they subsequently signed to Reprise Records for the release of Play (1991). However the album was another sales failure and the band, who were then dropped again and subsequently resigned to A&M for Some Fantastic Place. Around this period, drummer Gilson Lavis, who had played on all of Squeeze's albums up until this point, left the band. Glenn Tilbrook reflected: "He just got tired of being in the band, and it was time for him to move on. It's bound to be emotional when you've worked with somebody for that long, but I think it was the right decision for Gil to make, and it's not tempered with any bitterness." Lavis later disputed this, claiming he was fired from the band: "I was kicked out after an American tour. I’d just separated from my wife and I was in a bit of a state. I’d been sober for seven years and I decided that having a drink would be a good idea. So on this tour I was a bit of a mess, and very depressed. When we got back there was a band meeting and I was told I wasn’t needed any more."
Squeeze, at the time consisting of songwriters Chris Difford and Glenn Tilbrook and bassist Keith Wilkinson, originally intended to record Some Fantastic Place as a trio with the addition of programmed drum and keyboard instruments, but ultimately opted to add several members. When Difford and Tilbrook were performing an acoustic show, they noticed Paul Carrack, who had been with the band for less than a year in 1981 and had played keyboards on East Side Story while singing its hit single "Tempted", was nearby. They asked him to open live for them, thinking it would be unlikely, but nonetheless he agreed. When the band were rehearsing for Some Fantastic Place, Difford suggested the band readmit Carrack into the band, which they put "to the test". Difford later said "it's worked out marvellously."
Meanwhile, the band line-up was completed by drummer Pete Thomas, previously of Elvis Costello's backing band The Attractions. Tilbrook said that Thomas gave the album a "very different rhythmical approach" to other Squeeze albums, explaining: "Pete is a song-orientated drummer. He listens to the song and decides what's needed from him -- which is great for us, as we're also song-orientated."
Writing and recording
Some Fantastic Place marked another change for the band, in that Difford and Tilbrook, who typically write separately, went for a relatively simplistic approach, sitting down together and writing the majority of the album as a team. The duo credited this approach with revitalising their working relationship, bringing about a "big jump" in their creativity level. Tilbrook commented: "It was like discovering a new partnership, because suddenly we were able to bounce ideas back and forth off each other."
Tilbrook had recently built a recording studio near his London home, so the band visited the studio everyday, both rehearsing and recording the record there. The studio was allegedly located in Blackheath above a welder's shop. The writing took approximately two months, and "for two or three of the songs, [the band] sat in the same room with each other." Difford explained: "Glenn created an environment, and to leave our homes and go and work together was something new. It was good to sit in the same room and be inventive. It makes things simpler; you don't have to wait for the results. It's quite inspirational." The studio was relatively small, which Tilbrook felt worked for the band just as he hoped it would, noting the "really good vibe."
Compared to previous albums, more open debate concerning the song arrangements occurred between members than on any previous Squeeze album, which Difford called "a lot of to-ing and fro-ing" and believed helped make Some Fantastic Place one of the band's better albums. Each band member had strong ideas on how they wanted the songs to be, and they stood on firm ground when they believed they were right. Difford enjoyed this experience "because it showed that people really cared."
Music and lyrics
Some Fantastic Place maintains a mix of "emotionally complex storytelling and uplifting songcraft," in the words of Harold Dumuir of Pulse. Difford felt Some Fantastic Place would be ideal for reintroducing the band into the public consciousness: "In some respects, we really need to reeducate people about Squeeze, and remind them that we're here, and I think that this is a good album to do that with, because it contains all the best elements of what Squeeze has always been. It's got a good balance of optimism and pessimism, light and dark, up and down, yin and yang." Most songs are sung by Tilbrook, with Difford sticking to background harmonies. Musically, the album is warm, simplistic and lively, featuring the band's signature pop rock sound, as exemplified throughout the record with songs as varied as the melodic power pop of "Third Rail" and blue-eyed soul of "Loving You Tonight".
Failed and failing relationships are a recurring theme on the album. Mat Snow of Q noted the bittersweet kitchen sink style of the lyrics, while Gary Leboff of Vox felt the album was less offbeat than previous Squeeze albums, with fewer East End characters in the band's lyrics than usual, though nonetheless maintaining a quirkiness, citing "Cold Shoulder" and "Jolly Comes Home", which he described as "a 'Labelled with Love'-esque reflection on suburban mundanity." Trouser Press noted "sharply noted details" in the lyrics: "[T]he initialed 45s left behind in 'Images of Loving,' an attempted rapprochement in 'It's Over,' a cat flap in the kitchen door that provides a dog's-eye view in 'Cold Shoulder'."
The album's title track, with its balanced themes of loss and acceptance, is a tribute to Maxine Barker, a longtime friend of the band who had been responsible for first introducing Tilbrook and Difford in the early 1970s and who succumbed to leukemia in 1992. The song was described by Tilbrook as "one of those songs that wrote itself; it was done straight off in about 10 minutes." The singer incorporated a guitar solo in the song which he wrote when he and Difford met in 1973. "Jolly Come Home" – a quietly intense song – and "Cold Shoulder", which was penned by Difford during a 65-mile car drive, inject mordant humour into themes of domestic dysfunction. Music critic Gary Leboff said of the latter song: "'Cold Shoulder' does everything right: an opening image of our love-battered and locked-out hero peering through the cat-flap at the missus's feet, a wistful tune counterpointed by a sardonic guitar line, every detail poignant in its starkness. In this mode, Squeeze kill you softly every time."
Among other melodic songs that document stalled romances, "Third Rail" uses an electric railway for an emotional metaphor, while "Everything in the World" was influenced by Motown music and uses a conspicuous beat which drowns out the vocals and melody, drawing comparison to the Vandellas. Carrack's "Loving You Tonight" is in a mellow soul style, while Wilkinson makes his vocal and songwriting debut with "True Colours (The Storm)", a tropical and calypso flavoured song. He had brought several songs to Squeeze throughout his tenure with the band and "we'd figured he'd waited in line long enough," according to Tilbrook. "Pinocchio" is an ambitious song with forthright lyrics, described by one critic as "a tale of Jack the Laddish deceit."
Release and reception
"Third Rail" was released as a single ahead of the album on 12 July 1993, reaching number 39 in the UK Singles Chart, while "Everything in the World" was released in the United States only, reaching number 9 on the American US Modern Rock charts. A&M Records released Some Fantastic Place on 14 September 1993, where it was a modest hit, reaching number 26 on the UK Albums Chart. The subsequent singles from the album were less successful; "Some Fantastic Place", issued in August 1993, reached number 73, while October's "Loving You Tonight" single did not chart. The final single, February 1994's "It's Over", reached number 89. Squeeze went on a nationwide tour of Britain in promotion of the album, where both older and new songs were well received by audiences. As of 1996, Some Fantastic Place had sold 67,800 copies.
Some Fantastic Place was released to positive reviews from music critics. Mat Snow of Q rated the album four stars out of five and called it "another fine Squeeze album [...] with the usual complement of perfectly realised songs and bittersweet kitchen sinkery." Gary Leboff of Vox called the album "another collection stuffed with melodic treats and lyrical wit, for consumption by an audience significantly smaller than they deserve." He highlighted the last two songs as the best on the album. Despite a score of two and a half stars out of five, Chris Woodstra of AllMusic was favourable, saying "the classic sound is still there" and concluding that it was "[a]nother in a series of commercial sleepers, but definitely worth a listen."
Mark Caro of the Chicago Tribune hailed the album for "[providing] room and reason to dig" compared to the band's previous few albums, writing that Tilborok and Difford "have brightened up musically while maintaining the crown as pop-rock's most tuneful and trenchant observers of romantic breakdowns." He described Difford's protagonists as "still getting into awkward positions" while Tilbrook "provides snaky pop", whereas "Jolly Comes Home" is "as incisive and beautiful a ballad as the band has recorded." Phoenix New Times reflected that the album was "an adult, yet considerably bouncier, work" than prior Squeeze albums. Trouser Press criticised the writing, finding too many songs to talk of romantic break-ups, but nonetheless felt the album was "lively and unpretentious."
In The Rough Guide to Rock, Nick Dale highlights it as one of Squeeze's four most essential albums and their "most successful release since Babylon and On, and for good reason." He wrote the band showed "no signs of flagging" and noted the growing sophistication and sensitivity on the title track and "Loving You Tonight," while also highlighting the title track, "Cold Shoulder" and "Third Rail" as the best songs on the album. Elton John bought twenty copies of the album for his numerous homes and cars. The album's title track remains one of the band's favourite Squeeze songs. After the release of the album, Carrack and Thomas left the band on amicable terms.
Track listing
All songs written by Chris Difford and Glenn Tilbrook except as indicated.
"Everything In The World" – 4:30
"Some Fantastic Place" – 4:32
"Third Rail" – 3:39
"Loving You Tonight" – 4:49
"It's Over" – 3:45
"Cold Shoulder" – 5:48
"Talk to Him" – 3:46
"Jolly Comes Home" – 5:00
"Images of Loving" – 4:10
"True Colours (The Storm)" (Keith Wilkinson) – 3:39
"Pinocchio" – 4:42
Personnel
Squeeze
Paul Carrack – keyboards, backing vocals; lead vocal on 4
Chris Difford – backing vocals; guitar on 3, 5, 6, 7, 9
Glenn Tilbrook – lead and backing vocals, guitars, keyboards, sitar, balalaika, percussion
Pete Thomas – drums, percussion
Keith Wilkinson – bass, backing vocals; ukulele and lead vocal on 10
with:
Chris Braide – backing vocals on 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
Marilyn McFarlane – backing vocals on 1
Pete Smith – backing vocals on 10
Frank Mead, Martin Drover, Neil Sidwell, Nick Pentelow – horns on 4
Catherine Martin, Lucy Griffith, Rebecca Jones, Tanera Dawkins – strings on 8
References
External links
Album summary
Category:1993 albums
Category:Squeeze (band) albums
Category:A&M Records albums
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Asene Akroso-Manso (Ghana parliament constituency)
Asene Akroso-Manso is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Asene Akroso-Manso was one of the constituencies created before the 2012 general elections in Ghana.
Boundaries
The seat is located entirely within the Birim Central Municipal Assembly of the Eastern Region of Ghana.
Members of Parliament
See also
List of Ghana Parliament constituencies
Birim Central Municipal District
References
Category:Parliamentary constituencies in the Eastern Region (Ghana)
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Céaux-d'Allègre
Céaux-d'Allègre is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.
See also
Communes of the Haute-Loire department
Ceauxdallegre
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Wood grain
Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of wood fibers or the pattern resulting from this.
Definition and meanings
R. Bruce Hoadley wrote that grain is a "confusingly versatile term" with numerous different uses, including the direction of the wood cells (e.g., straight grain, spiral grain), surface appearance or figure, growth-ring placement (e.g., vertical grain), plane of the cut (e.g., end grain), rate of growth (e.g., narrow grain), and relative cell size (e.g., open grain).
Physical aspects
Perhaps the most important physical aspect of wood grain in woodworking is the grain direction or slope (e.g. against the grain). The two basic categories of grain are straight and cross grain. Straight grain runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piece. Cross grain deviates from the longitudinal axis in two ways: spiral grain or diagonal grain. The amount of deviation is called the slope of the grain.
In describing the application of a woodworking technique to a given piece of wood, the direction of the technique may be:
with the grain (easy; giving a clean result)
against the grain (heavy going; giving a poor result such as chipping or tear-out)
across the grain (direction of cut is across the grain lines, but the plane of the cut is still aligned with them)
end grain (at right angles to the grain, for example trimming the end of a plank)
Grain alignment must be considered when joining pieces of wood, or designing wooden structures. For example, a stressed span is less likely to fail if tension is applied along the grain, rather than across the grain. Grain direction will also affect the type of warping seen in the finished item.
In describing the alignment of the wood in the tree a distinction may be made. Different tree species may have one of the following basic grain descriptions and types:
straight - grain which runs in a single direction, parallel to the axis of the tree. Woods with this grains are the easiest to work.
spiral - grain which spirals around the axis of the tree.
interlocked - grain which spirals around the axis of the tree, but reverses its direction for periods of years resulting in alternating directions of the spiral grain. On quartersawn surfaces the change in grain direction creates a ribbon stripe figure. These are the most difficult to work.
wavy - grain which grows in a wavy fashion up the trunk; seen best in flatsawn sections of wood.
irregular - grain that swirls or twists. It can be found in a number of different patterns. This can be caused by factors such as knots, burls or "crotch" wood - where large branches separate from the trunk.
Aesthetic aspects
In its simplest aesthetic meaning, wood grain is the alternating regions of relatively darker and lighter wood resulting from the differing growth parameters occurring in different seasons (i.e., growth rings) on a cut or split piece of wood.
Causes including fungus, burls, stress, knots, special grain alignments, and others produce figure in wood. Their rarity often promotes the value of both the raw material, and the finished work it becomes a part of. These include:
bird's eye
quilted
fiddleback
curly
The way a given piece of wood has been sawn affects both its appearance and physical properties:
flat-grain: flat-sawn, slab-sawn, plain sawn, bastard-sawn, or sawn "through and through".
edge grain: quarter-sawn or rift-sawn or straight-grained, and
end grain: the grain of wood seen when it is cut across the growth rings.
Strictly speaking, grain is not always the same as the figure of wood.
There is irregular grain in burr wood or burl wood, but this is result of very many knots.
See also
Grain painting
Grain filler
Knee (construction)
Wood finishing
References
Grain
Grain
Category:Wood
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Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 213
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 213 (P. Oxy. 213 or P. Oxy. II 213) consists of two fragments of a tragedy by an unknown author, written in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a roll. It is dated to the second century. Currently it is housed in the British Library (Department of Manuscripts, 34) in London.
Description
The document was written by an unknown copyist, although the roughness of the hand suggests that the scribe was a student. The measurements of "fragment a" are 80 by 113 mm and of "fragment b" 78 by 80 mm. The text is written in a large round upright uncial hand. The verso side of the papyrus contains a list of names and amounts of money.
It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1899.
See also
Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 212
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 214
References
213
Category:2nd-century manuscripts
Category:British Library collections
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Win Shares
Win Shares is a book about baseball written by Bill James and Jim Henzler, published by STATS, Inc. in 2002. The book explains how to apply the concept of sabermetrics to assess the impact of player performance in a combination of several areas, including offensive, defensive, and pitching, to the overall performance of their team. The resulting "Win Share" also takes into account factors such as the era in which the player was active to allow easy comparisons between players from different eras. The book focuses primarily on the many formulae involved in computing the final number of win shares accumulated, as well as presenting lists of players ranked in various ways using the rating.
Win Shares Digital Update, a companion volume of tables and statistics through the 2001 season, was subsequently published in PDF form by STATS, Inc.
Concept
Win shares is the name of the metric developed by James in his book. It considers statistics for baseball players, in the context of their team and in a sabermetric way, and assigns a single number to each player for his contributions for the year. A win share represents one-third of a team win, by definition. If a team wins 80 games in a season, then its players will share 240 win shares. The formula for calculating win shares is complicated; it takes up pages 16–100 in the book. The general approach is to take the team's win shares (i.e., 3 times its number of wins), then divide them between offense and defense.
In baseball, all pitching, hitting and defensive contributions by the player are taken into account. Statistics are adjusted for park, league and era. On a team with equal offensive and defensive prowess, hitters receive 48% of the win shares and those win shares are allocated among the hitters based on runs created. An estimation is then made to decide what amount of the defensive credit goes to pitchers and what amount goes to fielders. Pitching contributions typically receive 35% (or 36%) of the win shares, defensive contributions receive 17% (or 16%) of the win shares. The pitching contributions are allocated among the pitchers based on runs prevented, the pitchers' analogue to runs created. Fielding contributions are allocated among the fielders based on a number of assumptions and a selection of traditional defensive statistics.
In Major League Baseball, based on a 162-game schedule, a typical All-Star might amass 20 win shares in a season. More than 30 win shares (i.e. the player is directly responsible for 10 wins by his team) is indicative of MVP-level performance, and 40+ win shares represents an exceptional, historic season. For pitchers, Win Shares levels are typically lower—in fact, they often come close to mirroring actual wins.
Win shares differs from other sabermetric player rating metrics such as Total player rating and VORP in that it is based on total team wins, not runs above replacement.
The Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, 2001 edition, also written by James, uses win shares to evaluate the careers of many players, and to place them in contexts where they can be compared. The two books are effectively companions to one another.
Criticism of win shares
Players cannot be awarded "loss shares", or negative win shares, by definition. Some critics of the system argue that negative win shares are necessary. In defense of the system, proponents argue that very few players in a season would amass a negative total, if it were possible. However, critics argue, when one player does amass a negative total, he is zeroed out, thus diminishing other players' win-share totals. In an attempt to fix this error, some have developed a modified system in which negative win shares are indeed possible.
The allocation of win shares 48% offense and 52% defense is justified by James in that pitchers typically receive less credit than hitters in win shares and would receive far too few win shares if they were divided evenly.
One criticism of this metric is that players who play for teams that win more games than expected, based on the Pythagorean expectation, receive more win shares than players whose team wins fewer games than expected. Since a team exceeding or falling short of its Pythagorean expectation is generally acknowledged as chance, some believe that credit should not be assigned purely based on team wins. However, team wins are the bedrock of the system, whose purpose is to assign credit for what happened. Win shares are intended to represent player value (what they were responsible for) rather than player ability (what the player's true skill level is).
Within the sabermetric community there is ongoing debate as to the details of the system. The Hardball Times has developed its own Win Shares, as well as a number of derivative statistics, such as Win Shares Above Bench, Win Shares Percentage, Win Shares Above Average, and All Star Win Shares.
Reviews
Writing for ESPN, baseball author and columnist Rob Neyer called the book "groundbreaking". Glenn Guzzo echoed him in The New Ballgame: Baseball Statistics for the Casual Fan, calling it a "groundbreaking volume". Dave Studeman of Hardball Times observed that the book was well received by readers. Bill Felber, in The Book on the Book: An Inquiry Into Which Strategies in the Modern Game Actually Work, compares James' philosophy as to use of relievers in the book with those he endorsed as a Boston Red Sox executive.
In A Mathematician at the Ballpark: Odds and Probabilities for Baseball Fans, Professor Ken Ross describes the book as "erudite and interesting". The Oakland Tribune notes that it takes James more than 100 pages in the book to explain his formula. Leigh Grossman, in The Red Sox Fan Handbook: Everything You Need to Know to Be a Red Sox Fan Or to Marry One, called it "a book that statheads had been anticipating for years." The Concord Monitor noted that at a game "a few ultradedicated fans even sit in the back row with their Bill James books and calculators tabulating Mainers win shares". In Practicing Sabermetrics: Putting the Science of Baseball Statistics to Work, by Gabriel B. Costa, Michael R. Huber, and John T. Saccoman, the authors discuss how James provides both a short form method and a long form method for calculation in his book, and that the easier short form method appears to work well for years after 1920.
Basketball
Justin Kubatko has also applied the win shares concept to basketball players.
References
Category:Books by Bill James
Category:Baseball books
Category:2002 non-fiction books
Category:Baseball statistics
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Step (Kara album)
Step is the third Korean album by South Korean K-pop girl group Kara. It was released on September 6, 2011. A special limited edition was available for pre-order starting August 25, 2011.
Background and recording
On August 4, 2011, the group confirmed that they would be releasing their third official album in mid-September and would resume their activities in South Korea for the first time in over six months. It was also reported by industry representatives that the group had been recording songs for the album during their spare time while they were busy promoting their fourth Japanese single, "Go Go Summer!". DSP Media stated that the group were in the process of reviewing which songs to be used as the lead songs from the album.
Concept and artwork
Regarding the concept of the album, the group was also faced with a choice between maintaining their usual bright, cute, and youthful concept or transforming into something new, in which they ultimately chose the latter.
Composition
The limited edition of the album contains a bonus track called "With My Heart (Dear Kamilia)", which is the Korean version of "Ima, Okuritai 「Arigatou」" from their third Japanese single.
The album's title track was released as the lead single.
Release and promotion
A special edition of the album was available for pre-order on August 25, 2011, 10 days ahead of the official release. The special edition includes a 32-page booklet, a digipack, and a bonus track. According to DSP Media, the first 100 people to purchase the album would be chosen to attend a special showcase by KARA on September 14, 2011. DSP Media also teamed up with YouTube to deliver a special online series of three episodes titled "KARA Channel", which covered the group's preparations for the release of the album. The series began airing on Kara's official YouTube channel on September 7, 2011 and ended on September 21, 2011.
Due to the group's commitments with their schedule in Japan, they only promoted the album for three weeks.
Track listing
Notes
"I Am... (Ing) (Acoustic Version)" is a re-recorded version of a song that was previously included in the group's second mini-album "Pretty Girl".
"With My Heart (Dear Kamilia)" is a Korean version of "Ima, Okuritai 「Arigatou」", from their Japanese single "Jet Coaster Love".
Oricon Chart
Release history
Step (song)
"Step" was released as the lead single on September 6, 2011 to online music sites. The song was ranked fourteenth on the List of 21 Greatest K-pop Songs of All Time by Spin. An arranged version of "Step" is featured in the international arcade music games, DJ Max Technika 3 and Pump It Up Fiesta 2.
Release and artwork
On August 22, "Step" was announced by DSP Media as the lead single for the group's third full-length album, titled "Step", slated for release on September 6. The song was also included onto the limited edition of the group's second Japanese studio album, Super Girl. The Japanese version of the song was released on February 29, 2012 and is also included as a bonus track on the group's sixth Japanese single, "Speed Up / Girl's Power".
Music video
The full music video officially premiered on September 6. The video features the group dancing in front of microphones while dressed in deep blue clothes with colorful patterns. In the background, there are bright lighting signs that show the names of the group's past hit songs. In other scenes, the group can be seen individually in a bright room with colored walling dressed in colored neon clothing while jumping up. During the bridge of the song, the girls are seen dressed in glittering dresses and holding onto microphone stands in a plain white room.
Release and reception
Jen Erenza from Ryan Seacrest Blog described the video as "colorful" with "out-of-this-world scenes" and asserted, "With their super cute styles and head-bopping music, there is no doubt their popularity will rise stupendously!".
Live performances
The group began performing the song on TV music programs starting in September 15, on Mnet's M! Countdown. They also performed "Date (My Boy)" and "With My Heart (Dear Kamilia)" as a part of the group's performance. Due to the group's commitments with their schedule in Japan, they only performed the song on a few music shows for a total of three weeks.
Chart
Release history
External links
References
Category:2011 albums
Category:Kara (South Korean band) albums
Category:Korean-language albums
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Francis Palmer Smith
Francis Palmer Smith (born 1886, Cincinnati – 1971) was an architect active in Atlanta and elsewhere in the Southeastern United States. He was the director of the Georgia Tech College of Architecture from 1909–1922.
After working in Cincinnati, Ohio and then Columbus, Georgia, Smith was hired as professor of Georgia Tech's new architecture school in 1908. He transferred the curriculum of the University of Pennsylvania which emphasized Beaux-Arts architecture. He met Robert Smith Pringle and formed a partnership with him in 1922, Pringle and Smith.
Works
As part of Pringle and Smith:
Numerous residences in the elite Buckhead and Druid Hills neighborhoods of Atlanta
Grace United Methodist Church at 458 Ponce de Leon Avenue just west of Boulevard (1922–3)
Cox-Carlton Hotel (1925)
Norris Building (1926)
Lynch Building (1926)
Rhodes-Haverty Building (1929)
William-Oliver Building (1930)
W. W. Orr Building (1930)
Standardized bottling plants for Coca-Cola
And other buildings in Miami, Jacksonville, and Sarasota, Florida.
Pringle and Smith developed plans for a grand 750-room hotel on the site of the Hotel Aragon at the southeast corner Peachtree and Ellis streets, but the more modest Collier Building (1932–1970s) was built on the site instead.
After Pringle and Smith was disbanded, Smith's further works included:
Additional bottling plants in the Southeast
Smaller houses in the Atlanta and Chattanooga suburbs
Druid Hills Presbyterian Church in Virginia-Highland, Atlanta
Episcopal Cathedral of Saint Philip on Peachtree Road at "Jesus Junction" in Buckhead
References
External links
The Architecture of Francis Palmer Smith, Atlanta's Scholar-Architect, Robert M. Craig
"Francis Palmer Smith", New Georgia Encyclopedia
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Category:1886 births
Category:1971 deaths
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Argyractis parthenodalis
Argyractis parthenodalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Argentina.
References
Category:Acentropinae
Category:Moths of South America
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Eter Astemirova
Eter Astemirova (; born 1943), is a Georgian engineer and politician, who served as the Minister of Refugees and Accommodation in the cabinet of Zurab Zhvania from 2003 until 2005.
Born in a northern town, Astemirova studied at the Hydrometeorological Institute of Leningrad, specializing in terrestrial hydrology, while her family moved to Grozny and she started working in the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous SSR Melioration Ministry. She graduated in 1976.
From 1977 to 1978 she worked as an engineer at the Calgary Construction Research Institute.
During the war and until 1995 she was the Chairman of the Committee on Human Rights and Inter-Ethnic Relations of the Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. Also was the head of the Georgian group of trilateral commission and prepared some documents used in the Genocide Commission. Between 1995 and 2003, she was president of the Human Rights, Inter-Ethnic Relations and Ethics Commission of the Supreme Council of Abkhazia.
Was appointed Minister on 23 December 2003 by President Mikheil Saakashvili.
In the period 2006 to 2010 she was assigned to the Embassy of Georgia in the Republic of Azerbaijan as an extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador.
References
Category:1943 births
Category:Living people
Category:Government ministers of Georgia (country)
Category:Women government ministers of Georgia (country)
Category:21st-century women politicians
Category:Abkhaz women in politics
Category:Women diplomats from Georgia (country)
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Mārtiņš Cipulis
Mārtiņš Cipulis (born November 29, 1980) is a Latvian ice hockey left winger currently playing for Dinamo Riga, in the Kontinental Hockey League.
Awards
2003–04 LHL Best Forward
LHL -HK Riga 2000 Champions 2003–04, 2004–05 and 2005–06
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
References
External links
Category:1980 births
Category:Living people
Category:Dinamo Riga players
Category:HK Liepājas Metalurgs players
Category:Ice hockey players at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Category:Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Category:Ice hockey players at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Category:Latvian ice hockey left wingers
Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Latvia
Category:People from Cēsis
Category:HC Lev Praha players
Category:Amur Khabarovsk players
Category:Metallurg Zhlobin players
Category:HK Poprad players
Category:HK Riga 2000 players
Category:Expatriate ice hockey players in Russia
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Solmarisidae
Solmarisidae is a family of hydrozoans in the order Narcomedusae. The name is sometimes spelled "Solmaridae".
Characteristics
Members of this family have dome-shaped bells and numerous tentacles set above the undulating margin of the bell. They do not have gastric pouches as do other members of the order. The gonads are situated inside the wall of the stomach.
Genera and species
The World Register of Marine Species lists the following genera and species:
Pegantha Haeckel, 1879
Pegantha clara Bigelow, 1909
Pegantha laevis H. B. Bigelow, 1909
Pegantha martagon Haeckel, 1879
Pegantha rubiginosa (Kölliker, 1853)
Pegantha triloba Haeckel, 1879
Solmaris
Solmaris corona (Keferstein & Ehlers, 1861)
Solmaris flavescens (Kölliker, 1853)
Solmaris lenticula Haeckel, 1879
Solmaris leucostyla (Will, 1844)
Solmaris quadrata Bouillon, Boero & Seghers, 1991
Solmaris rhodoloma (Brandt, 1838)
Solmaris solmaris (Gegenbaur, 1856)
References
Category:Narcomedusae
Category:Solmarisidae
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Urdaneta Municipality
Urdaneta Municipality may refer to any of the following places in Venezuela:
Urdaneta Municipality, Aragua, in the state of Aragua
Urdaneta Municipality, Lara, in the state of Lara
Urdaneta Municipality, Miranda, in the state of Miranda
Urdaneta Municipality, Trujillo, in the state of Trujillo
Category:Municipality name disambiguation pages
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Fauvel
Fauvel may refer to:
11849 Fauvel, a minor planet
Albert-Auguste Fauvel (1851–1909), French naturalist
Charles Adolphe Albert Fauvel (1840-1921), French entomologist
Charles Fauvel (1904-1979), French aircraft designer
Fauvel AV.22
Fauvel AV.36
Fauvel AV.44
Fauvel AV.45
Fauvel AV.48
Fauvel AV.50
Fauvel AV.61
Pascal Fauvel (1882–1942), French archer
Pierre Fauvel (1866–1958), professor of zoology at the Catholic University of the West
(1830-1895)
William LeBoutillier Fauvel (1850–1897), merchant and political figure in Quebec
See also
Roman de Fauvel, a 14th-century French allegorical poem
Francis Fauvel Gouraud (1808–1847), contributor to the development of the Mnemonic major system as it is known today
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Paul Roan
Paul Roan (born January 11, 1943) is an American politician who served in the Oklahoma House of Representatives from the 20th district from 2000 to 2012.
References
Category:1943 births
Category:Living people
Category:Members of the Oklahoma House of Representatives
Category:Oklahoma Democrats
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Craig Melchert
Harold Craig Melchert (born April 5, 1945) is an American linguist known particularly for his work on the Anatolian branch of Indo-European.
Biography
He received his B.A. in German from Michigan State University in 1967 and his Ph.D. in Linguistics from Harvard University in 1977. From 1968 to 1972 he served in the United States Air Force, where he learned Chinese and worked as a Chinese radio listener. In 1978 he accepted a position at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he became Paul Debreczeny Distinguished Professor of Linguistics. In 2005 he was the Collitz Professor at the Linguistic Society of America Summer Institute. As of July 1, 2007 he is A. Richard Diebold Professor of Indo-European Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Selected Works
Studies in Hittite Historical Phonology. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1984,
Lycian Lexicon. Chapel Hill, N.C.: Copytron, 1989, iv + 122pp.; 2nd edn. Chapel Hill University Press, 1993, vi + 130pp.
Cuneiform Luvian Lexicon. Chapel Hill, N.C.: self-published, 1993,
Anatolian Historical Phonology, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1994,
A Grammar of the Hittite Language, Eisenbrauns, 2008,
A Dictionary of the Lycian Language, Ann Arbor–NY: Beech Stave Press, 2004,
Further reading
Craig Melchert's home page
References
Category:Hittitologists
Category:Linguists from the United States
Category:Defense Language Institute alumni
Category:Historical linguists
Category:Michigan State University alumni
Category:Harvard University alumni
Category:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty
Category:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Category:Living people
Category:Indo-Europeanists
Category:1945 births
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Entedononecremnus
Entedononecremnus is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.
References
Key to Nearctic eulophid genera
Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Category:Eulophidae
Category:Taxa named by Alexandre Arsène Girault
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Pancharatha
A Hindu temple is a pancharatha when there are five ratha (on plan) or paga (on elevation) on the tower of the temple (generally a shikhara). The rathas are vertical offset projection or facets.
The name comes from the sanskrit Pancha (=five) and Ratha (=chariot), but the link with the concept of chariot is not clear.
There are also temples with three rathas (triratha), seven rathas (saptaratha) and nine rathas (navaratha).
Examples of pancharatha temples
Lingaraja Temple in Bhubaneswar
Lakshmana Temple in Khajuraho
Rajarani Temple in Khajuraho
Jagannath Temple in Puri, Odisha
Jagannath Temple in Baripada, Odisha
Jagannath Temple in Nayagarh, Odisha
Isanesvara Siva Temple in Bhubaneswar
Mukteswar Temple in Bhubaneswar
Brahmani temple in Baleswar, Odisha
Notes
See also
Ratha (architecture)
Category:Architecture of India
Category:Architectural elements
Category:Hindu temple architecture
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Snarling iron
A Snarling iron is a metal worker's tool used to drive the walls of metal vessels. "A snarler... is a worker in teapots, and may... be compared with the leaf bumper who bumps up the leaves commonly seen in metalwork". Examples have come to light in different historical contexts, as in Chanhudaro, Indus valley civilization.
Notes
Category:Metalworking tools
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Personality disorder not otherwise specified
Personality disorder not otherwise specified is a DSM-IV Axis II personality disorder.
The DSM-5 does not have an equivalent to Personality Disorder NOS. However Personality disorder-trait specified (PD-TS) remains under consideration for future revisions. The DSM 5 "Unspecified Disorder" is not a personality disorder, it is used to enhance specificity of an existing disorder or it is an emergency diagnosis unto itself (i.e. Unspecified Mental Disorder, 300.9), without being attached to another disorder.
Diagnostic criteria
DSM-IV-TR
This diagnosis may be given when no other personality disorder defined in the DSM fits the patient's symptoms.
Four personality disorders were excluded from the main body of the latest version of the DSM (DSM-IV-TR) but this diagnosis may be used instead. The four excluded personality disorders are:
Sadistic personality disorder
Self-defeating personality disorder
Depressive personality disorder
Passive–aggressive personality disorder
It is a requirement of DSM-IV that a diagnosis of any personality disorder also satisfies a set of Diagnostic criteria.
ICD-10
The World Health Organization's ICD-10 defines a conceptually similar disorder to "personality disorder not otherwise specified" called
() Personality disorder, unspecified.
It is a requirement of ICD-10 that a diagnosis of any personality disorder also satisfies a set of Diagnostic criteria.
Epidemiology
In one study, PDNOS was found to be the third most frequent personality disorder diagnosis.
See also
DSM-IV codes (personality disorders)
ICD-10 codes (personality disorders)
Eating disorder not otherwise specified
Mood disorder not otherwise specified
Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
References
External links
Category:Personality disorders
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Melia Grand Hermitage
Melia Grand Hermitage (Мелия гранд ермитаж in Bulgarian is a 5 stars hotel in Golden Sands, Bulgaria.
Beside its close position to the beach, it is surrounded by the green park.
See also
List of hotels in Bulgaria
References
External links
Homepage
Location on Google Maps.
Category:Hotels in Golden Sands
Category:Hotels established in 2005
Category:Hotel buildings completed in 2005
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Héctor Aldo Fagetti Gallego
Héctor Aldo Fagetti Gallego was an Argentine activist who disappeared in 1975 during the Presidency of Isabel Perón, who was President of Argentina from July 1, 1974 to March 24, 1976. In January 2007 an Argentine federal judge, Raúl Costa, ordered the arrest of former President Isabel Perón over Gallego's disappearance. Isabel Perón was placed under house arrest in Spain and shortly after it was determined by Spanish courts that she would not be extradited to Argentina to stand trial.
External links
BBC: "An Argentine judge has ordered the arrest of former President Isabel Peron over the disappearance of a leftist activist in the 1970s."
LA Times: "Isabel Peron's arrest signals shift in Argentina"
The Guardian article on Isabel Perón's arrest
Category:Year of birth missing
Category:1975 deaths
Category:People killed in Operation Condor
Category:Victims of the Dirty War
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1994 AFL season
The 1994 Australian Football League season was the 98th season of the elite Australian rules football competition and the 5th under the name 'Australian Football League', having switched from 'Victorian Football League' after 1989.
Foster's Cup
15.12 (102) defeated 9.14 (68) in the final.
Premiership Season
Round 1
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.12 (114) |||| 16.7 (103) ||Victoria Park|| 25,602 ||Saturday 26, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.11 (113) |||| 17.9 (111) ||Whitten Oval || 18,592 ||Saturday 26, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.7 (97) |||| 23.15 (153) ||Waverley Park || 29,582 ||Saturday 26, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.10 (82) |||| 11.13 (79) ||MCG || 39,492 ||Saturday 26, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 26.18 (174) |||| 16.13 (109) ||MCG || 39,741 ||Sunday 27, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.21 (99) |||| 12.17 (89) ||Gabba|| 7,901 ||Sunday 27, March
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.18 (150) |||| 13.6 (84) ||Football Park || 44,953 ||Sunday 27, March
Round 2
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.10 (112) |||| 14.15 (99) ||Optus Oval|| 24,872 ||Saturday 2, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.16 (142) |||| 10.13 (73) ||MCG || 27,195 ||Saturday 2, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.16 (64) |||| 17.16 (118) ||Waverley Park || 29,581 ||Saturday 2, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.13 (97) |||| 11.12 (78) ||Subiaco Oval || 28,228 ||Sunday 3, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.14 (134) |||| 11.6 (72) ||MCG || 15,333 ||Sunday 3, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.20 (152) |||| 8.16 (64) ||Kardinia Park || 24,019 ||Monday 4, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.12 (66) |||| 14.16 (100) ||MCG || 85,063 ||Monday 4, April
Round 3
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 25.23 (173) |||| 6.10 (46) ||MCG || 36,726 ||Friday 8, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.12 (108) |||| 14.10 (94) ||Waverley Park || 30,454 ||Saturday 9, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.9 (111) |||| 12.6 (78) ||Whitten Oval || 8,829 ||Saturday 9, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 5.9 (39) |||| 20.15 (135) ||MCG || 19,609 ||Saturday 9, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.15 (99) |||| 10.10 (70) ||Optus Oval|| 28,496 ||Sunday 10, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.11 (95) |||| 12.22 (94) ||MCG || 38,307 ||Sunday 10, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.9 (135) |||| 24.10 (154) ||SCG|| 11,068 ||Sunday 10, April
Round 4
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.20 (86) |||| 10.12 (72) ||SCG|| 9,727 ||Friday 15, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.7 (73) |||| 24.16 (160) ||Waverley Park || 30,944 ||Saturday 16, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.15 (99) |||| 17.10 (112) ||Whitten Oval || 21,630 ||Saturday 16, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.12 (66) |||| 12.12 (84) ||MCG || 61,193 ||Saturday 16, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 18.21 (129) |||| 8.5 (53) ||WACA|| 28,980 ||Saturday 16, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.19 (151) |||| 15.8 (98) ||Gabba|| 11,290 ||Sunday 17, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.14 (104) |||| 11.11 (77) ||Football Park || 45,638 ||Sunday 17, April
Round 5
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.15 (117) |||| 4.6 (30) ||MCG || 20,946 ||Friday 22, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.18 (120) |||| 15.15 (105) ||Kardinia Park || 23,490 ||Saturday 23, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.17 (137) |||| 20.9 (129) ||Whitten Oval || 10,514 ||Saturday 23, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.14 (98) |||| 14.10 (94) ||MCG || 74,330 ||Saturday 23, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.15 (93) |||| 17.8 (110) ||Football Park || 44,426 ||Sunday 24, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.10 (58) |||| 19.15 (129) ||Subiaco Oval || 27,357 ||Sunday 24, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.10 (70) |||| 15.22 (112) ||Waverley Park || 37,870 ||Monday 25, April
Round 6
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.14 (134) |||| 11.8 (74) ||Optus Oval|| 22,810 ||Saturday 30, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.7 (55) |||| 9.6 (60) ||Waverley Park || 47,211 ||Saturday 30, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.8 (86) |||| 18.15 (123) ||MCG || 27,022 ||Saturday 30, April
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.8 (110) |||| 18.13 (121) ||Gabba|| 9,457 ||Saturday 30, April
Round 7
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.16 (88) |||| 11.9 (75) ||Waverley Park || 33,927 ||Saturday 7, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.13 (133) |||| 13.14 (92) ||Optus Oval|| 14,614 ||Saturday 7, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.10 (58) |||| 13.12 (90) ||MCG || 34,601 ||Saturday 7, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.7 (109) |||| 16.14 (110) ||SCG|| 9,295 ||Sunday 8, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 18.16 (124) |||| 13.18 (96) ||MCG || 52,342 ||Sunday 8, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.14 (86) |||| 7.7 (49) ||Whitten Oval || 12,181 ||Sunday 8, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.19 (115) |||| 6.13 (49) ||Subiaco Oval || 26,676 ||Sunday 8, May
Round 8
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.11 (107) |||| 20.15 (135) ||MCG || 50,227 ||Friday 13, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 25.16 (166) |||| 10.7 (67) ||Waverley Park || 12,233 ||Saturday 14, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.12 (90) |||| 17.17 (119) ||Whitten Oval || 11,334 ||Saturday 14, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 19.13 (127) |||| 11.12 (78) ||MCG || 35,851 ||Saturday 14, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.13 (91) |||| 14.10 (94) ||MCG || 28,559 ||Sunday 15, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.17 (71) |||| 25.15 (165) ||SCG|| 11,142 ||Sunday 15, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.11 (131) |||| 13.10 (88) ||Optus Oval|| 28,626 ||Sunday 15, May
Round 9
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.19 (121) |||| 13.10 (88) ||MCG || 72,216 ||Friday 20, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.16 (142) |||| 11.12 (78) ||Kardinia Park || 22,777 ||Saturday 21, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.13 (97) |||| 16.10 (106) ||MCG || 19,333 ||Saturday 21, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 7.20 (62) |||| 9.9 (63) ||Waverley Park || 40,080 ||Saturday 21, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 7.10 (52) |||| 12.11 (83) ||Whitten Oval || 14,923 ||Saturday 21, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 7.6 (48) |||| 22.13 (145) ||Football Park || 44,403 ||Sunday 22, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.9 (75) |||| 8.14 (62) ||Waverley Park || 15,249 ||Sunday 22, May
Round 10
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.17 (101) |||| 10.15 (75) ||WACA|| 27,901 ||Friday 27, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.13 (109) |||| 13.19 (97) ||Optus Oval|| 23,691 ||Saturday 28, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 4.8 (32) |||| 15.16 (106) ||Waverley Park || 19,914 ||Saturday 28, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.14 (110) |||| 10.14 (74) ||Victoria Park|| 26,718 ||Saturday 28, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.16 (112) |||| 15.11 (101) ||MCG || 75,129 ||Saturday 28, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.18 (120) |||| 12.21 (93) ||Gabba|| 10,953 ||Sunday 29, May
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.13 (103) |||| 9.10 (64) ||Football Park || 42,915 ||Sunday 29, May
Round 11
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.8 (80) |||| 20.15 (135) ||Waverley Park || 19,090 ||Saturday 4, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 24.10 (154) |||| 17.6 (108) ||Optus Oval|| 22,547 ||Saturday 4, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.11 (101) |||| 19.12 (126) ||Kardinia Park || 18,599 ||Saturday 4, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.12 (90) |||| 8.19 (67) ||Victoria Park|| 27,390 ||Saturday 4, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.5 (125) |||| 8.13 (61) ||Waverley Park || 22,895 ||Sunday 5, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.10 (106) |||| 19.12 (126) ||SCG|| 11,182 ||Sunday 5, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.8 (74) |||| 18.10 (118) ||MCG || 31,324 ||Sunday 5, June
Round 12
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.11 (113) |||| 16.14 (110) ||Kardinia Park || 23,696 ||Saturday 11, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.16 (94) |||| 18.13 (121) ||MCG || 52,199 ||Saturday 11, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.23 (149) |||| 10.9 (69) ||Optus Oval|| 16,643 ||Saturday 11, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.5 (83) |||| 21.15 (141) ||SCG|| 12,251 ||Sunday 12, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.12 (78) |||| 10.9 (69) ||Subiaco Oval || 23,492 ||Sunday 12, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.14 (92) |||| 9.10 (64) ||Waverley Park || 39,181 ||Monday 13, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.18 (102) |||| 4.12 (36) ||MCG || 61,983 ||Monday 13, June
Round 13
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.13 (145) |||| 10.5 (65) ||Optus Oval|| 22,927 ||Saturday 18, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 7.11 (53) |||| 10.6 (66) ||Waverley Park || 17,599 ||Saturday 18, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.18 (72) |||| 10.7 (67) ||MCG || 26,917 ||Saturday 18, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.14 (134) |||| 9.6 (60) ||Whitten Oval || 13,070 ||Sunday 19, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.12 (114) |||| 11.15 (81) ||Gabba|| 18,484 ||Sunday 19, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 18.13 (121) |||| 12.12 (84) ||MCG || 27,699 ||Sunday 19, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.17 (83) |||| 12.6 (78) ||Football Park || 41,189 ||Sunday 19, June
Round 14
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.10 (88) |||| 15.16 (106) ||MCG || 45,177 ||Friday 24, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.18 (144) |||| 6.4 (40) ||Whitten Oval || 16,085 ||Saturday 25, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.8 (62) |||| 11.12 (78) ||MCG || 32,528 ||Saturday 25, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.7 (79) |||| 11.13 (79) ||Waverley Park || 13,868 ||Saturday 25, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.15 (75) |||| 14.9 (93) ||Kardinia Park || 21,939 ||Saturday 25, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 19.15 (129) |||| 14.11 (95) ||MCG || 27,094 ||Sunday 26, June
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.19 (121) |||| 11.11 (77) ||Gabba|| 18,881 ||Sunday 26, June
Round 15
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 19.14 (128) |||| 7.7 (49) ||WACA|| 24,632 ||Friday 1, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.19 (85) |||| 14.8 (92) ||MCG || 50,141 ||Saturday 2, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.19 (115) |||| 11.13 (79) ||Waverley Park || 35,267 ||Saturday 2, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.11 (65) |||| 16.15 (111) ||Whitten Oval || 8,484 ||Saturday 2, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.12 (144) |||| 6.10 (46) ||Optus Oval|| 21,119 ||Saturday 2, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.13 (73) |||| 13.15 (93) ||SCG|| 13,083 ||Sunday 3, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.11 (83) |||| 13.12 (90) ||Football Park || 43,052 ||Sunday 3, July
Round 16
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.14 (80) |||| 19.15 (129) ||Whitten Oval || 15,394 ||Saturday 9, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 22.13 (145) |||| 17.13 (115) ||Kardinia Park || 23,687 ||Saturday 9, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.16 (142) |||| 11.12 (78) ||Waverley Park || 25,037 ||Saturday 9, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.13 (97) |||| 12.22 (94) ||MCG || 49,878 ||Saturday 9, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.20 (110) |||| 21.9 (135) ||SCG|| 5,728 ||Sunday 10, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.14 (80) |||| 5.14 (44) ||Subiaco Oval || 29,723 ||Sunday 10, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.16 (136) |||| 10.16 (76) ||Optus Oval|| 29,695 ||Sunday 10, July
Round 17
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.10 (112) |||| 11.8 (74) ||Optus Oval|| 14,096 ||Saturday 16, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.11 (113) |||| 13.7 (85) ||Whitten Oval || 23,953 ||Saturday 16, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.7 (55) |||| 17.14 (116) ||Waverley Park || 21,097 ||Saturday 16, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 7.12 (54) |||| 14.13 (97) ||MCG || 85,831 ||Saturday 16, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 24.9 (153) |||| 12.17 (89) ||MCG || 33,265 ||Sunday 17, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.12 (84) |||| 15.8 (98) ||Gabba|| 14,936 ||Sunday 17, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.10 (82) |||| 11.12 (78) ||Football Park || 42,860 ||Sunday 17, July
Round 18
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.15 (75) |||| 13.9 (87) ||Football Park || 43,788 ||Friday 22, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.9 (87) |||| 7.13 (55) ||Whitten Oval || 25,540 ||Saturday 23, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.10 (100) |||| 18.2 (110) ||MCG || 38,858 ||Saturday 23, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.5 (59) |||| 15.9 (99) ||Waverley Park || 26,936 ||Saturday 23, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.17 (65) |||| 7.16 (58) ||Gabba|| 8,236 ||Sunday 24, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.12 (90) |||| 8.6 (54) ||Waverley Park || 42,930 ||Sunday 24, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.17 (101) |||| 7.11 (53) ||Subiaco Oval || 26,020 ||Sunday 24, July
Round 19
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.12 (102) |||| 12.10 (82) ||MCG || 32,845 ||Friday 29, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 21.9 (135) |||| 8.10 (58) ||MCG || 43,132 ||Saturday 30, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 5.15 (45) |||| 8.7 (55) ||Waverley Park || 12,927 ||Saturday 30, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.14 (104) |||| 9.18 (72) ||Optus Oval|| 25,265 ||Saturday 30, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.11 (95) |||| 9.8 (62) ||MCG || 23,906 ||Sunday 31, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.13 (91) |||| 5.8 (38) ||Kardinia Park || 15,383 ||Sunday 31, July
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 3.8 (26) |||| 13.14 (92) ||Whitten Oval || 5,334 ||Sunday 31, July
Round 20
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 19.20 (134) |||| 17.4 (106) ||MCG || 76,565 ||Friday 5, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.21 (93) |||| 9.7 (61) ||MCG || 33,503 ||Saturday 6, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.11 (77) |||| 10.18 (78) ||Optus Oval|| 26,014 ||Saturday 6, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.10 (100) |||| 7.12 (54) ||Waverley Park || 16,328 ||Saturday 6, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.12 (84) |||| 14.15 (99) ||Gabba|| 12,341 ||Sunday 7, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.16 (118) |||| 4.10 (34) ||Whitten Oval || 17,591 ||Sunday 7, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.12 (66) |||| 13.16 (94) ||SCG|| 6,513 ||Sunday 7, August
Round 21
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.13 (73) |||| 9.10 (64) ||WACA|| 31,948 ||Friday 12, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.12 (72) |||| 17.15 (117) ||Waverley Park || 14,653 ||Saturday 13, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.11 (59) |||| 13.22 (100) ||Optus Oval|| 11,388 ||Saturday 13, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.10 (64) |||| 13.14 (92) ||MCG || 49,872 ||Saturday 13, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.16 (70) |||| 8.14 (62) ||SCG|| 9,622 ||Sunday 14, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 11.23 (89) |||| 18.9 (117) ||MCG || 52,562 ||Sunday 14, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.11 (89) |||| 12.14 (86) ||Football Park || 36,599 ||Sunday 14, August
Round 22
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.11 (83) |||| 15.13 (103) ||MCG || 32,951 ||Friday 19, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.12 (114) |||| 11.15 (81) ||Waverley Park || 13,454 ||Saturday 20, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 10.9 (69) |||| 19.15 (129) ||Whitten Oval || 12,122 ||Saturday 20, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.17 (107) |||| 16.8 (104) ||MCG || 66,555 ||Saturday 20, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 20.16 (136) |||| 12.12 (84) ||MCG || 49,354 ||Sunday 21, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.10 (88) |||| 14.14 (98) ||Gabba|| 10,572 ||Sunday 21, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 19.12 (126) |||| 8.14 (62) ||Optus Oval|| 28,038 ||Sunday 21, August
Round 23
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 25.10 (160) |||| 10.14 (74) ||MCG || 17,960 ||Friday 26, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 25.11 (161) |||| 6.12 (48) ||Optus Oval|| 32,486 ||Saturday 27, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 14.6 (90) |||| 13.10 (88) ||Waverley Park || 40,154 ||Saturday 27, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.15 (111) |||| 15.9 (99) ||Kardinia Park || 22,208 ||Saturday 27, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 16.15 (111) |||| 11.5 (71) ||Whitten Oval || 23,615 ||Saturday 27, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.13 (91) |||| 15.12 (102) ||Gabba|| 13,718 ||Sunday 28, August
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.13 (115) |||| 8.10 (58) ||Football Park || 41,669 ||Sunday 28, August
Round 24
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Home team score
| Away team
| Away team score
| Ground
| Crowd
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 8.14 (62) |||| 19.12 (126) ||MCG || 72,932 ||Friday 2, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 12.8 (80) |||| 9.8 (62) ||MCG || 61,231 ||Saturday 3, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 15.12 (102) |||| 21.14 (140) ||Whitten Oval || 10,809 ||Saturday 3, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 13.17 (95) |||| 27.9 (171) ||Optus Oval|| 25,112 ||Saturday 3, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 9.12 (66) |||| 6.11 (47) ||Waverley Park || 22,973 ||Saturday 3, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 18.13 (121) |||| 27.5 (167) ||SCG|| 8,344 ||Sunday 4, September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
||| 17.15 (117) |||| 6.10 (46) ||Subiaco Oval || 26,992 ||Sunday 4, September
Ladder
All teams played 22 games during the home and away season, for a total of 165. An additional 9 games were played during the finals series. It was the first season that the AFL implemented a top 8 team finals series.
Ladder progression
Finals
Qualifying Finals
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Score
| Away team
| Score
| Venue
| Attendance
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 15.24 (114) (aet)
|
| 13.13 (91) (aet)
| Waverley Park
| 38,223
| Saturday, 10 September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 15.16 (106)
|
| 15.11 (101)
| MCG
| 61,182
| Saturday, 10 September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 14.12 (96)
|
| 18.15 (123)
| MCG
| 56,111
| Sunday, 11 September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 11.16 (82)
|
| 12.8 (80)
| WACA
| 31,824
| Sunday, 11 September
Semi finals
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Score
| Away team
| Score
| Venue
| Attendance
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 15.15 (105)
|
| 10.12 (72)
| Waverley Park
| 53,160
| Saturday, 17 September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 21.18 (144)
|
| 9.11 (65)
| MCG
| 65,577
| Sunday, 18 September
Preliminary Final
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Score
| Away team
| Score
| Venue
| Attendance
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 14.19 (103)
|
| 16.13 (109)
| MCG
| 80,121
| Saturday, 24 September
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 16.21 (117)
|
| 8.4 (52)
| WACA
| 34,317
| Saturday, 24 September
Grand final
|- bgcolor="#CCCCFF"
| Home team
| Score
| Away team
| Score
| Venue
| Attendance
| Date
|- bgcolor="#FFFFFF"
|
| 20.23 (143)
|
| 8.15 (63)
| MCG
| 93,860
| Saturday, 1 October
Awards
The Brownlow Medal was awarded to Greg Williams of .
The Leigh Matthews Trophy was awarded to Greg Williams of .
The Coleman Medal was awarded to Gary Ablett of .
The Norm Smith Medal was awarded to Dean Kemp of .
The AFL Rising Star award was awarded to Chris Scott of .
The Wooden Spoon was "awarded" to .
Notable events
The AFL increased the number of interchange players from two to three which, when added to the "run on" team of 18 on-the-field players, increased the standard team squad size to 21 players.
The AFL increased the number of field umpires in each game from two to three.
The size of each club's senior playing list was significantly reduced from 52 players to 42 players from the 1994 season (with the exception of the struggling , which was granted a list of 50 players). Victorian clubs could list ten players on a supplementary list to make up the numbers in their reserves teams, but those players were not eligible for AFL senior selection. The change was part of an AFL Commission plan to completely abolish the Victorian clubs' reserves competition by 1995, but this final stage did not occur until 2000.
The playing time allocated to each of a match's four quarters was adjusted for this season. Playing time was reduced from 25 minutes to 20 minutes, but additional stoppages (including all scores and boundary throw-ins) attracted "time-on" allocations; the total reduction of playing time was approximately 10%.
Advertising was permitted for the first time on the backs of guernseys. Small sponsors' logos had previously been permitted over the breast and on the shorts, but the new regulations allowed for logos 30 cm long and 8 cm high below the number on the back of the guernsey, which has since become the prime advertising location on guernseys. Under the original rules, the logo was required to be consistent with the colour of the guernsey, a stipulation which has since been relaxed.
moved its match-day home ground from Princes Park (which, due to the first ever ground naming rights deal affecting an AFL venue, became known as Optus Oval from this season) to the Western Oval. However, this left as the sole tenant of Optus Oval, and an existing arrangement between Carlton and the AFL required eighteen matches to be played there during the year; consequently, Fitzroy and the MCG's four co-tenants (, , and ) were each forced to play one or two home games at Optus Oval to make up the balance.
Starting from Round 20, the "blood rule" was introduced in order to allay fears raised by the threat of AIDS. Under the rule, any bleeding player would be sent from the field by the umpires until his wound had been covered or closed and any blood-stained gear replaced. The rule, which for the first time ever gave umpires the ability to order players from the ground, was not initially well-received – particularly following a Round 23 incident in which ruckman Stephen Lawrence was unable to return to the field after the third quarter because Hawthorn officials could not find a spare sock to replace his bloodstained one.
The Second McIntyre "Final Six" system, which had operated in 1992 and 1993, was replaced by the McIntyre "Final Eight" system. The McIntyre "Final Eight" system operated from 1994 to 1999; it was replaced by the AFL’s Amended "Final Eight" system in 2000.
The third qualifying final between and was the first ever AFL finals match to require extra time, after the scores were level which had North Melbourne 12.19 (91) to Hawthorn 13.13 (91) at the expiration of regular time. The provision for extra time had been introduced after the controversial 1990 finals series, when the qualifying final between and was drawn. North Melbourne dominated extra time, kicking 3.5 to Hawthorn's nil, and won the match by 23 points.
See also
McIntyre "Final Eight" system
References
1994 Season - AFL Tables
AFL season
Category:Australian Football League seasons
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Hans Popper
Hans Popper (24 November 1903 – 6 May 1988) was a pathologist, hepatologist and teacher. Together with Dame Sheila Sherlock, he is widely regarded as the founding father of hepatology.
Early life
Popper was born to Carl and Emilie Popper in Vienna on 24 November 1903. His father was a prominent physician and, as a captain in the medical corps, was called to active army duty at the outbreak of World War I. Hans Popper received a classical education at the Akademische Gymnasium and followed his father's footsteps by entering the Medical School of the University of Vienna in 1922 and graduating in 1928.
Career
Popper spent his five postgraduate years in anatomical pathology and established a biochemical laboratory, which at the time was a new field of medical research. He worked under the famous Viennese physician Professor Hans Eppinger, under whose influence he developed his interest in hepatology. One of his main achievements of this period was the creatinine clearance test to assess renal function. After Austria's Anschluß to the Third Reich in 1938, Popper (who was Jewish) narrowly escaped arrest by boarding a flight to Rotterdam, where he then boarded the SS New Amsterdam on her maiden voyage to New York. He received a research fellowship at the Cook County Hospital in Chicago, and earned a PhD in pathology at the University of Illinois. He held a succession of senior positions at this institution, including Director of Pathology. He became Scientific Director for the Hektoen Institute for Medical Research and Professor of Pathology at Northwestern University School of Medicine. He was the driving force behind the founding of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, which first met in 1948. In 1957, he was appointed pathologist-in-chief at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, succeeding Paul Klemperer. There, he was pivotal in the founding of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, becoming its first dean. In 1973, he became the Gustave L. Levy Distinguished Service Professor and maintained this position until his death.
Publications
Popper authored and co-authored over 800 papers and 28 books, covering all areas of hepatology.
Personal life
Popper's parents managed to avoid Nazi persecution and joined him in Chicago. His father completed an internship and passed the Illinois State Board examination at the age of 77. Popper married a fellow expatriate, Lina Billig, in 1942. They had two sons, Frank J. Popper and Charles. Hans Popper died of pancreatic cancer on 6 May 1988.
Honours
1928 MD, University of Vienna
1941 MS in Pathology, University of Illinois
1944 PhD in Pathology and Physiology, University of Illinois
Honorary degrees
1965 MD (Hon), Catholic University of Leuven
1965 PhD (Hon), University of Vienna
1965 MD (Hon), University of Bologna
1974 MD (Hon), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
1975 MD (Hon), University of Turin
1977 MD (Hon), University of Tübingen
1978 MD (Hon), Catholic University of Seoul
1979 DSc (Hon) The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
1981 MD (Hon), University of Lisbon
1981 DSc (Hon), College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
1981 MD (Hon), University of Münster
1984 MD (Hon), University of Freiburg
1987 MD (Hon), University of Göttingen
1988 MD (Hon), The Humboldt University of Berlin (posthumously)
Awards
1967 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1970 Distinguished Lecture Award, American College of Gastroenterology
1970 Charter Member, Alpha Omega Alpha Chapter at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine
1971 Julius Friedenwald Medal, American Gastroenterological Association
1974 Distinguished Service Award, International Association for the Study of the Liver
1976 Member, National Academy of Sciences
1976 Honorary Life Member, New York Academy of Sciences
1976 Gold Headed Cane Award, American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists
1976 Member, Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina
1983 Distinguished Service Award, American Association for the Study of Liver Disease
1988 United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Distinguished Pathologist Award (inaugural recipient)
References
External links
http://www.hanspopperhepatopathologysociety.org/index.html
Category:Austrian pathologists
Category:American hepatologists
Category:1903 births
Category:1988 deaths
Category:University of Vienna alumni
Category:Physicians from Vienna
Category:Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Category:Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
Category:Austrian emigrants to the United States
Category:Austrian Jews
Category:American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
Category:American Jews
Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
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Villalan
Villalan is a 2010 Indian Tamil language action film directed by Vetrivel & Suriyan. The movie stars Vetrivel, Ashmitha and Guru and was released on 31 December 2010.
Plot and cast
The movie is based on a cop who is out to get criminals engaged in crimes against women. The cast includes
Vetrivel
Ashmitha
Guru
References
External links
Category:2010 films
Category:Indian films
Category:2010s action films
Category:2010s Tamil-language films
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3-Arylpropiolonitriles
3-Arylpropiolonitriles (APN) belong to a class of electron-deficient alkyne derivatives substituted by two electron-withdrawing groups – a nitrile and an aryl moieties. Such activation results in improved selectivity towards highly reactive thiol-containing molecules, namely cysteine residues in proteins. APN-based modification of proteins was reported to surpass several important drawbacks of existing strategies in bioconjugation, notably the presence of side reactions with other nucleophilic amino acid residues and the relative instability of the resulting bioconjugates in the blood stream. The latter drawback is especially important for the preparation of targeted therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates.
Synthesis
The synthesis of 3-arylpropiolonitriles has been the subject of several studies. The most elaborated and often used approach is based on MnO2-mediated free radical oxidation of the corresponding propargylic alcohols obtained using Sonogashira coupling of the corresponding iodo-derivative in the presence of ammonia (Figure 1).
Applications in biotechnology
In bioconjugation (forming a stable covalent link between a biomolecule and a functional payloads, such as fluorescent dyes, cytotoxic agents, or tracers), linking of the payload was classically achieved using maleimide heterobifunctional reagents (for example, see SMCC). However, when administered into living organisms, maleimide-containing bioconjugates were found to be relatively unstable and lose the payload in the blood circulation due to reversibility of the addition reaction between maleimide moiety and cysteine residue of a protein (retro Michael addition). Due to increased stability of bioconjugates obtained with analogous APN-based payloads (a schematic reaction is shown in the Figure 2 below), their use is often preferable when high selectivity and biostability are especially important: namely for the preparation of antibody−drug conjugates and other biologics. Standard procedure for APN protein labeling consists in incubation of a protein containing free cysteine residues with an APN-functionalized probe in PBS buffer at pH 7.5-9.0 at room temperature for 2–12 hours, followed by an optional step of purification of the resulting bioconjugate using size exclusion chromatography or ultrafiltration.
References
Category:Biotechnology
Category:Nitriles
Category:Alkyne derivatives
Category:Aromatic compounds
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Paek Sang-ho
Paek Sang-ho is a North Korean Colonel General. He has been an alternate member to the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea since 1993. He served on the 10th Supreme People's Assembly, from 1998 to 2003. Paek gained the rank of Colonel General in 2002, in a ceremony held on Kim Jong-il's birthday. Previously, he had been a Lieutenant General since 1992.
See also
Politics of North Korea
List of Korea-related topics
References
Yonhap News Agency. "Who's who, North Korea," pp. 787–812 in
External links
KCNA report on the promotion of Kim and others, 2002
Category:Living people
Category:North Korean generals
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
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WIIZ
WIIZ (97.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Mainstream Urban format. Licensed to Blackville, South Carolina, United States, the station serves the Barnwell, SC & Augusta area. The station is currently owned by Nicwild Communications, Inc. Its studios are in Barnwell, South Carolina and the transmitter is in Kline, South Carolina.
Programming
Artists heard on this radio station the majority of the time include The Koncrete Boyz, 2 Live Crew, Master Ace, and Usher. Since 1997, the radio station has aired "The Ol' Skool Ride" daily from 5:25 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. Artists that are heard during this period include Lipps Inc., Rockwell, Beastie Boys, and MC Hammer. Classic pop artists such as Madonna and classic rock musicians such as Queen can also be heard at times on "The Ol' Skool Ride". Yo' Girl D.L.(Dark 'n' Lovely) was the station's first Operations Manager/Music Director, as well being an on-air personality under her nickname "Miss Primetime In The Nightime". along with that was future WOSL afternoon jock himself Fredd E. Redd, Bobby Nichols, Suga In The Morning, Tutu The Bad Boy, Corey Hill, with K.D.O., & Rob Black are the personalities that made The Wiz what it is today. The Wiz is home to the Russ Parr Morning Show.
WIZF 101.1 The Wiz in Cincinnati also goes by the name The Wiz and carries the Russ Parr Morning Show as well but is unrelated due to different ownerships.
History
The station went on the air as WAAN on 1993-04-16. on 1995-10-01, the station changed its call sign to the current WIIZ. Its first actual day on the air was 1996-04-01, with two personalities, Bobby Nichols and Yo' Girl D.L.(Priscilla Annette Gray).
See also
Media in Augusta, Georgia
References
External links
IIZ
Category:Mainstream urban radio stations
Category:Radio stations established in 1993
Category:1993 establishments in South Carolina
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Flag of the Green Mountain Boys
The Green Mountain Boys flag, also known as the Stark flag, is a reconstruction of a regimental flag commonly stated to have been used by the Green Mountain Boys. A remnant of a Green Mountain Boys flag, originally belonging to John Stark, is owned by the Bennington Museum. It still exists as one of the few regimental flags from the American Revolution. Although Stark was at the Battle of Bennington and likely flew this flag, the battle has become more commonly associated with the Bennington flag, which is believed to be a 19th-century banner.
Today the flag is used as the regimental flag of the Vermont National Guard unit. The regimental flag, known also as a "battle flag" or war flag, accompanies the unit on battle assignments and is physically handed to the commander of the regiment, as described by former Vermont National Guard Adjutant General Martha Rainville in an interview. The flag is also a symbol of the Vermont Secessionist movement. The Castleton University football team has also featured the flag in its pre-game ceremonies since its inception in 2009.
Design
The common reconstruction consists of a green field and a constellation of thirteen five-pointed white stars representing the thirteen colonies arranged in a natural pattern within an azure canton. The existing fragments consist of the canton from the flag, which has remnants of green silk on three sides, and a piece of green cloth with flourish from elsewhere on the flag.
See also
Green Mountain Boys
Vermont Republic
Flag of Vermont
References
Footnotes
Notations
Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press: 1974. .
Category:Flags introduced in 1776
Category:Flags of the American Revolution
Category:Symbols of Vermont
Category:Pre-statehood history of Vermont
Category:Flags of the United States
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Yayo Herrero
Yayo Herrero López (born Madrid, 1965) is a Spanish anthropologist, engineer, professor and ecofeminist activist. She is one of the most influential researchers in ecofeminism and ecosocialism at European level.
Biography
Yayo Herrero graduated in Social and Cultural Anthropology, Agricultural Engineering, Social Education and MAS in Education Sciences.
She has been state coordinator of Ecologists in Action and has participated in numerous social initiatives about promotion of Human rights and social ecology. Currently she is a professor at the National University of Distance Education and general director of FUHEM. She collaborates regularly with various media, such as eldiario.es.
Work
Herrero's research focuses in the current ecological crisis derived from the capitalist development and production model. In this sense, she argues that capitalism itself cannot exist without economic growth, but in a physical world that has limits, an indefinite growth is impossible. Furthermore, she also argues that in this economic model superfluous jobs are prevailed, while the work that makes possible the maintenance of human life, such as agricultural production or reproductive labor, are completely precarious or directly excluded from any remuneration.
In this way, she proposes a transition towards a different economic model, that takes into account the social inclusion of all people and that is compatible with the regeneration capacity of nature.
Featured publications
"La gran encrucijada. Sobre la crisis ecosocial y el cambio de ciclo histórico". Libros en Acción, 2016.
"Ecologismo: una cuestión de límites". Encrucijadas. Revista Crítica de Ciencias Sociales, 2016.
"Apuntes introductorios sobre el Ecofeminismo". Boletín del Centro de Documentación Hegoa, 2015.
"Por una recuperación de la condición humana en un planeta con límites". Documentación social, 2013.
"Miradas ecofeministas para transitar a un mundo justo y sostenible". Revista de economía crítica, 2013.
"Golpe de estado en la biosfera: los ecosistemas al servicio del capital". Investigaciones feministas: papeles de estudios de mujeres, feministas y de género, 2011.
"¿Dominio o cuidado de la tierra?" Éxodo, 2011.
"Menos para vivir mejor: reflexiones sobre el necesario decrecimiento de la presión sobre los sistemas naturales". El Ecologista, 2010.
"Decrecimiento y mujeres. Cuidar: Una práctica política anticapitalista y antipatriarcal". Decrecimientos, 2010.
References
Category:Ecofeminists
Category:Spanish anthropologists
Category:Spanish women engineers
Category:Spanish feminists
Category:Women anthropologists
Category:People from Madrid
Category:1965 births
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century women engineers
Category:National University of Distance Education faculty
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Rolaids Relief Man Award
The Rolaids Relief Man Award was an annual Major League Baseball (MLB) award given from 1976 to 2012 to the top relief pitchers of the regular season, one in the American League (AL) and one in the National League (NL). Relief pitchers are the pitchers who enter the game after the starting pitcher is removed. The award was sponsored by the antacid brand Rolaids, whose slogan was "R-O-L-A-I-D-S spells relief." Because the first closers were nicknamed "firemen", a reference to "putting out the fire" of another team's rally, the trophy was a gold-plated firefighter's helmet. Unlike other awards, such as the Cy Young Award or the MLB Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award, the Relief Man was based on statistical performance, rather than votes. Each save was worth three points; each win was worth two points; and each loss was worth negative two points. Beginning with the 1987 MLB season, negative two points were given for blown saves. In the 2000 MLB season, the term "tough save", which was worth an additional point, was introduced by Rolaids. A "tough save" happened when a relief pitcher entered the game already having the potential tying run on base, and got the save. The player with the highest point total won the award.
The inaugural award winners were Bill Campbell (AL) and Rawly Eastwick (NL); Campbell also won in the following season. Dan Quisenberry and Mariano Rivera each won the AL award five times, while Rollie Fingers and Bruce Sutter won the award four times each. Lee Smith won the award on three occasions; Campbell, Dennis Eckersley, Dave Righetti, John Franco, Éric Gagné, Randy Myers, Trevor Hoffman, Francisco Rodríguez, Heath Bell, and José Valverde each won the award twice. Sutter (NL 1979), Fingers (AL 1981), Steve Bedrosian (NL 1987), Mark Davis (NL 1989), Eckersley (AL 1992), and Éric Gagné (NL 2003) won the Relief Man and the Cy Young Award in the same season; Fingers and Eckersley won the AL MVP as well, in 1981 and 1992 respectively. Todd Worrell won both the Relief Man and the MLB Rookie of the Year Award in the 1986 MLB season. Rivera and Joe Nathan were the only relief pitchers to have tied in points for the award, and both were awarded in 2009. Goose Gossage, Fingers, Eckersley, Hoffman, Rivera, Smith, John Smoltz and Sutter were elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. Craig Kimbrel (NL) and Jim Johnson (AL) were the final award winners in 2012. Sanofi acquired Rolaids from Johnson & Johnson unit McNeil Consumer Healthcare in 2013, but the award was not continued as a part of its marketing strategy.
Winners
National League (1976–2012)
American League (1976–2012)
Notes
Won Cy Young Award and MLB Most Valuable Player Award in the same season.
Won Cy Young Award in the same season.
Won MLB Rookie of the Year Award in the same season.
See also
Major League Baseball Reliever of the Year Award (in each league)
TSN Reliever of the Year (discontinued)
Cy Young Award (in each league)
Triple Crown (pitching)
Pitcher of the Month
"Esurance MLB Awards" Best Pitcher (in MLB)
"Players Choice Awards" Outstanding Pitcher (in each league)
SN Starting Pitcher of the Year (in each league)
SN Relief Pitcher of the Year (in each league)
Warren Spahn Award (best left-handed pitcher)
References
General
Specific
External links
Rolaids Relief Man Award
Category:Major League Baseball trophies and awards
*
Category:Awards established in 1976
Category:Awards disestablished in 2013
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Jacobi ellipsoid
A Jacobi ellipsoid is a triaxial (i.e. scalene) ellipsoid under equilibrium which arises when a self-gravitating fluid body of uniform density rotates with a constant angular velocity. It is named after the German mathematician Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi.
HistoryChandrasekhar, S. (1967). Ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium—an historical account. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics, 20(2), 251–265.
Before Jacobi, the Maclaurin spheroid, which was formulated in 1742, was considered to be the only type of ellipsoid which can be in equilibrium. Lagrange in 1811 considered the possibility of a tri-axial ellipsoid being in equilibrium, but concluded that the two equatorial axes of the ellipsoid must be equal, leading back to the solution of Maclaurin spheroid. But Jacobi realized that Lagrange's demonstration is a sufficiency condition, but not necessary. He remarked, "One would make a grave mistake if one supposed that the spheroids of revolution are the only admissible figures of equilibrium even under the restrictive assumption of second degree surfaces" and further adds that "In fact a simple consideration shows that ellipsoids with three unequal axes can very well be figures of equilibrium; and that one can assume an ellipse of arbitrary shape for the equatorial section and determine the third axis (which is also the least of the three axes) and the angular velocity of rotation such that the ellipsoid is a figure of equilibrium."
Jacobi formula
For an ellipsoid with equatorial semi-principal axes and polar semi-principal axis , the angular velocity about is given by
where is the density and is the gravitational constant, subject to the condition
For fixed values of and , the above condition has solution for such that
The integrals can be expressed in terms of incomplete elliptic integrals. In terms of the Carlson symmetric form elliptic integral , the formula for the angular velocity becomes
and the condition on the relative size of the semi-principal axes is
The angular momentum of the Jacobi ellipsoid is given by
where is the mass of the ellipsoid and is the mean radius, the radius of a sphere of the same volume as the ellipsoid.
Relationship with Dedekind ellipsoid
The Jacobi and Dedekind ellipsoids are both equilibrium figures for a body of rotating homogeneous self-gravitating fluid. However, while the Jacobi ellipsoid spins bodily, with no internal flow of the fluid in the rotating frame, the Dedekind ellipsoid maintains a fixed orientation, with the constituent fluid circulating within it. This is a direct consequence of Dedekind's theorem.
For any given Jacobi ellipsoid, there exists a Dedekind ellipsoid with the same semi-principal axes and same mass and with a flow velocity field of
where are Cartesian coordinates on axes aligned respectively with the axes of the ellipsoid. Here is the vorticity, which is uniform throughout the spheroid (). The angular velocity of the Jacobi ellipsoid and vorticity of the corresponding Dedekind ellipsoid are related by
That is, each particle of the fluid of the Dedekind ellipsoid describes a similar elliptical circuit in the same period in which the Jacobi spheroid performs one rotation.
In the special case of , the Jacobi and Dedekind ellipsoids (and the Maclaurin spheroid) become one and the same; bodily rotation and circular flow amount to the same thing. In this case , as is always true for a rigidly rotating body.
In the general case, the Jacobi and Dedekind ellipsoids have the same energy, but the angular momentum of the Jacobi spheroid is the greater by a factor of
See also
Maclaurin spheroid
Riemann ellipsoid
Roche ellipsoid
Dirichlet's ellipsoidal problem
Spheroid
Ellipsoid
References
Category:Quadrics
Category:Astrophysics
Category:Fluid dynamics
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Sasanian Egypt
Sasanian Egypt (known in Middle Persian sources as Agiptus) refers to the brief rule of Byzantine Egypt and parts of Libya by the Sasanian Empire.
It lasted from 619 to 629, until the Sasanian general Shahrbaraz made an alliance with the Byzantine emperor Heraclius to have control over Egypt returned to him.
History
Egypt was conquered in 619 by the prominent Sasanian military leader Shahrbaraz, who governed the province briefly until he appointed Shahralanyozan as the new governor. Sahralanyozan held the title of karframan-idar ("steward of the court") and was the most powerful Iranian in Egypt. Besides being governor of Egypt, he was also the tax-collector of the province, and most likely resided in Faiyum. In Middle Persian texts, the country is known as Agiptus and is depicted as the following; agiptus būm kē misr-iz xwānēnd ("the land of Agiptus which is also called Misr"). The Nile is termed as rōd ī nīl. Several cities of the country are mentioned, such as Touphis, Kynon, Babylon, including some others, which displays the subjugation of the Sasanians in the area.
Although Egypt suffered much damage during its invasion by the Sasanians, after the conquest was complete, peace, toleration and rehabilitation followed. Furthermore, the Sasanians retained the same administrative structure as the Byzantine Empire. The Sasanians did not try to force the population of Egypt to renounce their religion and practise Zoroastrianism. They did, however, persecute the Byzantine Church whilst supporting the Monophysite Church. The Copts took advantage of the circumstances and obtained control over many of the Orthodox churches. There were numerous Sasanian stations in the country, which included Elephantine, Herakleia, Oxyrhynchus, Kynon, Theodosiopolis, Hermopolis, Antinopolis, Kosson, Lykos, Diospolis, and Maximianopolis. The assignment of those stations was to collect taxes and get supplies for the military. Several papyrus papers mentions the collection of taxes by the Sasanians, which shows that they used the same method of the Byzantines for collecting taxes. Another papyrus mentions an Iranian and his sister, which indicates that some families had settled in Egypt along with the soldiers.
In 626, Shahrbaraz quarrelled with the Sasanian king Khosrow II (r. 590-628) and mutinied against him. It is not known whom Sahralanzoyan supported, since he is not mentioned in any source thereafter and Shahrbaraz is described as the ruler of the province. Following the end of the Byzantine–Sasanian war in 628, by 630/1, Egypt had returned to Byzantine hands. Although Sasanian rule in Egypt wasn't long compared to that of the Byzantines, some marks of their influences is still present today; the Coptic New Year celebration called Nayrouz, where martyrs and confessors are honoured, stems from the Iranian New Year celebration Nowruz. Another commemoration which is related to the Sasanians is the Holy Cross Day, that celebrates the discovery of the cross that Jesus was crucified on and its homecoming to Jerusalem in 628. Furthermore, Sasanian influence on Coptic art is also apparent.
List of governors
See also
Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
Notes
References
Sources
Egypt
Category:7th century in Egypt
Category:619 establishments
Category:7th century in Africa
Category:States and territories established in the 7th century
Category:States and territories disestablished in the 7th century
Category:Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
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1947 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1947 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 47th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.
Erin's Own were the defending champions.
Erin's Own won the championship after a 3-04 to 3-01 defeat of Clonea in the final. This was their 12th championship title overall and their second title in succession.
References
Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
Category:Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
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1935–36 Scottish Football League
Statistics of the Scottish Football League in season 1935–36.
Scottish League Division One
Scottish League Division Two
Category:Scottish Football League seasons
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Edward Rosen
Edward Rosen (12 December 1906 — 28 March 1985) was an American historian, whose main field of study was early modern science and, in particular, the work of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler.
Academic life
Edward Rosen's academic life, including his education, was spent in New York. He graduated from the City College of New York in 1926 and he received his master's (1929) and doctoral degrees (1939) from Columbia University. He was a teacher at the City College of New York and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York until his retirement in 1977, with two interruptions: he was a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957–1958, and at Indiana University in 1963–1964. In 1983, six years after his retirement, he was appointed Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the City University of New York.
In the course his career, Edward Rosen published 11 books, more than 160 articles, and over 90 book reviews.
Prizes
Pfizer Award of the History of Science Society in 1968, for his translation of Kepler's Somnium.
Medal from the Copernicus Society of America in 1973, for his many years of outstanding research and publication on the life and works of Nicholas Copernicus.
Gold Order of Merit from the Polish People's Republic in 1978, for the same reason.
Bibliography
Philip P. Wiener: Remembering Edward Rosen, in: Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 47, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1986), pp. 159–161
Category:Historians of astronomy
Category:American historians of science
Category:Columbia University alumni
Category:City University of New York faculty
Category:City College of New York faculty
Category:1906 births
Category:1985 deaths
Category:Guggenheim Fellows
Category:20th-century American historians
Category:Pfizer Award recipients
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Mike McPhee
Michael Joseph McPhee (born July 14, 1960 in Sydney, Nova Scotia and raised in River Bourgeois, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian former ice hockey forward, and current investment advisor.
He is not related to George McPhee.
Playing career
McPhee began his professional career with the Nova Scotia Voyageurs of the American Hockey League, after being selected in the sixth-round (124th overall) of the 1980 NHL Entry Draft by the Montreal Canadiens. He began his NHL career with Montreal in 1984. McPhee was a member of Montreal's Stanley Cup winning team in 1986. His best NHL season came in 1987-88, with linemates Guy Carbonneau and Russ Courtnall, when he scored 23 goals and 43 points. The following season, he took part in the only NHL All-Star Game of his career. He was also a three-time winner of the Jacques Beauchamp Trophy as the Montreal Canadiens’ unsung hero.
McPhee was traded to the Minnesota North Stars on August 14, 1992 in exchange for a 5th round pick (Jeff Lank) in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. While in Minnesota, McPhee was a favourite of head coach Bob Gainey, who rewarded McPhee for his two-way style, which was similar to Gainey's.
When the North Stars relocated to Dallas prior to the 1993-94 season, McPhee followed and continued to thrive while playing his defensive game. McPhee was forced to retire following the season due to a recurring knee injury.
Personal life
McPhee was born on July 14, 1960 in Sydney, Nova Scotia to Stan and Monica McPhee, but grew up in the small community of River Bourgeois, Nova Scotia
McPhee earned a civil engineering degree at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he was a standout player for the Engineers before making his professional debut in 1982. After retiring from the NHL, he attended the University of Dallas where he received his MBA. He is currently working as a financial advisor for National Bank of Canada in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
He currently serves on the board of KidSport Canada and Sport Nova Scotia, as well as the Campaign Chair for United Way in the Halifax Region. He is also part of the organizing committee for the Heart & Stroke Foundation's Hockey Heros Weekend, and the Danny Gallivan Cystic Fibrosis Golf Tournament.
McPhee is married to Jane Anne McPhee. The couple has two children together Aly (b.1989) and Adam (b.1987)
McPhee's daughter Aly was a track & field athlete at McGill University. Aly won six gold medals and a silver in five meets during the 2007 season. This included three gold in high jump and one as the anchor of McGill's 4x200-metre relay team. She also competed for Team Nova Scotia at the 2005 Canada Summer Games and 2006 Canadian junior track-and-field championships.
Career statistics
Boldface denotes career high in each statistics.
Awards and achievements
NHL All-Star Game roster - 1989
Stanley Cup champion - 1986
Jacques Beauchamp Molson Trophy - 1988, 1990, 1991
Inducted into the Nova Scotia Sports Hall of Fame - 1999
Inducted into the Cape Breton Sports Hall of Fame
National Bank Financial Wealth Management Excellence Award. Ottawa/Gatineau & Atlantic - 2012
References
External links
Stats, awards and honors
Category:1960 births
Category:Canadian ice hockey forwards
Category:Dallas Stars players
Category:Ice hockey people from Nova Scotia
Category:Living people
Category:Minnesota North Stars players
Category:Montreal Canadiens draft picks
Category:Montreal Canadiens players
Category:National Hockey League All-Stars
Category:Nova Scotia Voyageurs players
Category:People from Richmond County, Nova Scotia
Category:People from Sydney, Nova Scotia
Category:RPI Engineers men's ice hockey players
Category:Stanley Cup champions
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Payssous
Payssous is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
References
INSEE
Category:Communes of Haute-Garonne
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Anne Samplonius
Anne Samplonius (born 11 February 1968) is a road cyclist from Canada. She was born in the United States, has lived most of her life in Canada, and is a citizen of both countries. Samplonius graduated from the University of Alberta with a bachelor's degree in Recreational Administration in 1992. She was a silver medallist in the time trial at the 1994 UCI Road World Championships, and was a double winner of the Canadian National Time Trial Championships. Samplonius also won the gold medal in the time trial at the 2007 Pan American Games. She represented her nation at the 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2010 UCI Road World Championships. She competed in 12 World Championships during her career, and retired from racing at the end of 2012. Following her retirement Samplonius joined Trek Factory Racing as their content manager in November 2013, after working as online digital editor for the RusVelo team in 2012. She also works as a cycling coach.
From at least 1992 to 2007, she lived in Brampton.
References
External links
profile at Procyclingstats.com
Category:1968 births
Category:Canadian female cyclists
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:American emigrants to Canada
Category:American female cyclists
Category:Naturalized citizens of Canada
Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in cycling
Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Category:Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada
Category:Cyclists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Category:Cyclists at the 1994 Commonwealth Games
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The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam
The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam is an essay on Ahmadiyya Islam by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, founder of the Ahmadiyya religious movement. The original was written in Urdu with the title Islami Usool ki Falāsifi, in order to be read at the Conference of Great Religions held at Lahore on December 26–29, 1896. It explicitly deals with the following five broad themes with detail set by the moderators of the Conference:
the physical, moral, and spiritual states of man;
what is the state of man after death?
the object of man's life and the means of its attainment;
the operation of the practical ordinances of the Law in this life and the next;
sources of Divine knowledge
The subjects of the soul, the threefold reformation of man, what is moral quality? Why the flesh of swine is prohibited, the attributes of God and heaven upon earth are also discussed.
In 1896, during the Christmas Holidays a Hindu by the name of Swami Sadhu Shugan Chandra convened a conference of Great Religions at Lahore. A committee was appointed to oversee the arrangements. Six people were chosen as its moderators including the judge of the Chief Court of Punjab and the former governor of Jammu.
The committee invited the learned representatives of the Hindu, Christian and Muslim faiths to set forth the excellences of their respective faiths. The main objective of such a conference was so that the learned divines of each of these faiths were given the opportunity to convince others of the truth of their religion in the context of a few published themes and so that the listeners may assess each speech and accept the truth from wherever it was to be found. Each speaker was required to address the five themes set by the moderators and to confine his discourse to the holy scriptures of their religions. Among those who attended the conference were representatives of Hinduism, Freethought, the Theosophical Society, Christianity, Islam and Sikhism as well as various scholars, barristers, lawyers, professor, doctors and extra assistants, who numbered between 7 and 8 thousand.
The speech representing Islam was the essay written by Gulam Ahmad and though he could not attend himself due to poor health, it was read out by his disciple Mawlwi Abdul Karim. It could not be read out within the set time allotted for it; therefore the conference was extended to an extra day. The Report of the Conference of Great Religions stated:
The essay was delivered in four hours and from start to finish it was most interesting and well appreciated.
On 21 December 1896 Ghulam Ahmad declared that he had been informed by God that his essay would be the most overpowering one. He stated:
It was originally published in The report of the Conference of Great Religions and was later published in book form as Islami Usool Ki Falāsifi. It was subsequently translated into English. It has seen many editions and has been translated into French, Dutch, German, Spanish and various other languages.
See also
Writings of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
References
Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam | Amazon.com
External links
Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam
A Collection of Books
Philosophy and Teachings of Islam, The
Category:Works by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Category:Islamic theology books
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Barholm Rovers F.C.
Barholm Rovers Football Club were a football team based in Creetown, Dumfries & Galloway. They were formed in 1884 and were original members of the Stewartry Football League based in Kirkcudbrightshire which started in 1894–95.
Rovers played their home games originally at Cassencarrie Park (now known as Castle Cary Park), but after 1894 they moved to Barholm Park in Creetown. Their stay in the Stewartry League was short-lived as they were replaced by the 6th Galloway Rifle Volunteers for the start of the 1896–97 season.
In 1900 Rovers amalgamated with Ellangowan Swifts but retained the name of Barholm Rovers. This new side were entered into the first round of the 1902–03 Scottish Cup. They were drawn away to Dundee, but they failed to honour the fixture and the Taysiders were awarded the tie by a walk-over.
Rovers played in a number of colour combinations through their short history including black and white, black and amber stripes with navy shorts and eventually maroon.
The club folded in 1905 but were immediately replaced by a new club, Creetown Rifle Volunteers Football Club, a forerunner to the current South of Scotland Football League club, Creetown.
Notes
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20120312095023/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/scotland/fa-cup/1902-1903/results/r1
Category:Defunct football clubs in Scotland
Category:Association football clubs established in 1884
Category:Association football clubs disestablished in 1905
Category:1884 establishments in Scotland
Category:1905 disestablishments in Scotland
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Cheer Extreme Allstars
Cheer Extreme Allstars is a branch of cheerleading and competition dance gyms found throughout North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland, Illinois and Virginia. Cheer Extreme is most well known for its Small Senior and Large Senior teams, which received numerous national titles and have ranked in the Cheerleading Worlds competitions, with Cheer Extreme Senior Elite winning the first-place title in 2010, 2012, and 2013. At the 2015 Cheerleading Worlds, Cheer Extreme's Coed Elite won first place. Also at the 2016, 2018, and 2019 Cheerleading Worlds, Cheer Extreme's SSX won first place. Cheer Extreme has over 850 National Champion titles. In 2009, owner and coach Courtney Smith-Pope, who was a cheerleader for Wake Forest University, won Coach of The Year sponsored by The USASF. In 2013, Cheer Extreme opened a location in Roanoke, Virginia. In 2015, Cheer Extreme opened its newest location in Waldorf, Maryland.
Cheer Extreme was founded in 1994 by Betsy Smith, and is now owned by her daughter and son-in-law, Courtney Smith-Pope and Ben Pope.
Publicity
Cheer Extreme Senior Elite was invited to a private audition in Charlotte, North Carolina, for the reality television show America's Got Talent, but did not make it on the actual televised show. They have also been featured in Inside Cheerleading Magazine. In 2011, CNN featured specials on Cheer Extreme's Senior Elite and SSX teams while they made their way to the 2011 Cheerleading World Championships.
In the making is a documentary that is reportedly following them through the 2012–2017 seasons. It is being produced by Sarah Tekeste. Cheer Extreme also have their own YouTube channel (JTV), where videos of practices or performances at competitions can be found.
Notable athletes
Maddie Gardner, news reporter
References
Category:All Star Cheerleading Gyms
Category:Organizations based in North Carolina
Category:Organizations based in Raleigh, North Carolina
Category:Performing groups established in 1993
Category:Sports in Raleigh, North Carolina
Category:Sports in Charlotte, North Carolina
Category:1993 establishments in North Carolina
Category:Competitive dance
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Leggeri
Leggeri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Fabrice Leggeri (born 1968), French business director
Manuela Leggeri (born 1976), Italian volleyball player
Massimo Andrea Leggeri (born 1950), Italian diplomat
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Michael Blackburn
Michael Blackburn is the name of:
Michael Blackburn (sailor) (born 1970), Australian Olympic medallist and sailor
Michael Blackburn (poet) (born 1954), British poet
See also
Blackburn (surname)
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Kantu (Artist)
Kantu Habanji Siachingili(born 5 April 1990 ), known professionally as Kantu, which is also written as Kan 2, is a Zambian singer and songwriter, and an ambassador to the Triple V Campaign. She first came onto the Zambian music scene when she featured on Slapdee's track titled "Remember". Her first single "Mungeli" was released in May 2014. The following year she was nominated twice at the 2015 Mosi Zambia Music Awards and was the winner of the Best Female Artist award 2016 at the Zambian Music Awards.
Life and career
Early life
Kantu Habanji Siachingili was born in Lusaka fifth born daughter in a family of six. Kan 2 did her primary education at Adastra Primary School in Choma and secondary education at Hillcrest Technical High School in Livingstone where she studied with fellow singers Judy Yo and Wacheda.
She was educated at University of Zambia in 2009 where she did her first year of University where she studied for 4 years and has
a bachelor's degree in Art with Education, Geography major and history minor.
2010–2012: Career beginnings
Kan 2 was inspired by her family todo music and also in her own words she is also inspired by the American singer Brandy.
In 2010 Kan 2 entered into a competition called In Tha Hood and she won the competition.
In 2012, she yet entered another competition called Talent Yapa Zed. She made it to the top 10 but I did not win.
2013–present career
In 2013, she worked on a project for the Zambia National Arts Council called 'past to present'. In December 2013, she signed with the record label X.Y.Z Entertainment. Her first single is titled Mungeli was released in February 2014
On 19 April 2016 Kan 2 resigned from X.Y.Z Entertainment and no longer part of the label. She announced this on 30 April 2016 on her Facebook page.
Music and election
Triple V campaign
Triple V, which stands for My Vote, My Voice, My Victory, was a voter education project which motivated young and newly registered voters to go out and vote in August 2016. Triple V reached out to young voters through music and social media.
The project worked with Kan 2, B Flow and Dj 800 in undertaking roadshows. During the roadshows, the artists sensitised young people on the importance of participating in elections.
Awards and nominations
2015 Best traditional Album – Zambian Music Awards.
2015 nominated Best Upcoming Artist – Zambian music Awards
2015 nominated Best Collaboration – Zambian music Awards
2015 nominated Best Upcoming Female – Born n Bred awards
2016 won Best Female Artist – Zambian music Awards
Discography
Selected songs
Alangizi
Koneki
Undecided
Lonely
Million
References
External links
Twitter Account
Category:Living people
Category:Zambian musicians
Category:1990 births
Category:Zambian female singers
Category:People from Lusaka
Category:Women in Zambia
Category:21st-century women singers
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Kolja Pusch
Kolja Pusch (born 12 February 1993) is a German footballer who plays for Admira Wacker.
Career
Having come through the Bayer 04 Leverkusen youth ranks, Pusch played for the club's reserves and Chemnitzer FC before joining SSV Jahn Regensburg. In the 2016–17 season, he achieved promotion to the 2. Bundesliga with the club, contributing 31 appearances in which scored six goals and made seven assists.
In June 2016, Pusch chose not to extend his contract but to leave the club and sign a contract until 2020 with 1. FC Heidenheim.
On 2 September 2019, Admira Wacker announced the signing of Pusch.
References
External links
Category:1993 births
Category:Living people
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:German footballers
Category:Germany youth international footballers
Category:Bayer 04 Leverkusen II players
Category:Bayer 04 Leverkusen players
Category:Chemnitzer FC players
Category:SSV Jahn Regensburg players
Category:1. FC Heidenheim players
Category:FC Admira Wacker Mödling players
Category:3. Liga players
Category:Regionalliga players
Category:Sportspeople from Wuppertal
Category:2. Bundesliga players
Category:Footballers from North Rhine-Westphalia
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Hours of Catherine of Cleves
The Hours of Catherine of Cleves (Morgan Library and Museum, now divided in two parts, M. 917 and M. 945, the latter sometimes called the Guennol Hours or, less commonly, the Arenberg Hours) is an ornately illuminated manuscript in the Gothic art style, produced in about 1440 by the anonymous Dutch artist known as the Master of Catherine of Cleves. It is one of the most lavishly illuminated manuscripts to survive from the 15th century and has been described as one of the masterpieces of Northern European illumination. This book of hours contains the usual offices, prayers and litanies in Latin, along with supplemental texts, decorated with 157 colorful and gilded illuminations. Today, both parts of the manuscript that forms this book are housed at the Morgan Library and Museum in New York City.
History
Origin
The Hours of Catherine of Cleves (The Hours) was commissioned for Catherine, Duchess of Guelders and Countess of Zutphen, upon the occasion of her marriage to Arnold, Duke of Guelders, on 26 January 1430. Dr. John Plummer, Curator of Medieval Manuscripts at the Morgan Library, suggested that this Horae was commissioned for the wedding in 1430, but it required time to complete. The Hours was produced in Utrecht and not completed until after 1434, probably around 1440. The earlier date is based on the picture of a coin, minted in 1434 by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, shown in the border of M. 917, p. 240; Plummer, Plate 117.
Patrons
The Hours was commissioned for Catherine of Cleves by either her father or her husband. Since the 11th century, the town of Cleves had been the home of the venerable and wealthy Counts of Cleves. The Counts were elevated to a ducal house in 1417, the year Catherine was born. The Cleves family seat is the Schwanenburg, the Swan Castle, with its massive square tower, the Schwanenturm, the Tower of the Knights of the Swan, which is immortalized in Richard Wagner's opera, Lohengrin.
The first two full page miniatures celebrate her illustrious lineage. The first page shows Catherine of Cleves kneeling before the Virgin and the Christ Child, who take a personal interest in her salvation. Catherine is identified by her arms, in the center bottom, shown with those of her husband, Duke Arnold of Guelders. The borders of both pages are decorated with an heraldic display of the Arms of her eight great-great grandfathers:
Count Diderik of Cleves,
Count Engelbert of Mark,
Duke Ludwig of Bavaria,
Duke Ludwig of Liegnitz,
King Jean the Good of France,
Duke Lodewijk of Flanders,
Duke Wilhelm of Julich, and
Duke Otto of Ravensberg.
Catherine of Cleves is shown kneeling before The Virgin and the Christ Child, M. 945, folio 1 verso; Plummer, Plate 1. She is shown giving alms in Piety, the sixth gift of the Holy Spirit, M. 917, p. 65; Plummer, Plate 57. Catherine is also shown kneeling, with the Virgin, before Christ, in The Crucifixion, M. 917, p. 160; Plummer, Plate 96. Her husband, Arnold, Duke of Guelders, may be the lord shown kneeling before Christ in Fear of the Lord, the seventh gift of the Holy Spirit, M. 917, p. 58; Plummer, Plate 58. In the reconstructed book, his portrait follows that of Catherine’s in Piety. And, some of his coinage is shown in the border of M. 917, p. 240; Plummer, Plate 117.
Artist
The Master of Catherine of Cleves was the anonymous illuminator, who is named after this masterpiece of Netherlandish illumination. The Cleves Master might have been a member of the van Aken family of painters. A study of the miniatures indicates that the Cleves Master designed and painted over 157 miniatures, as well as the principal border decorations, with minimal assistance from two workshop assistants.
The Hours have several anomalies. Hell was usually not depicted in Books of Hours, though normal in the Last Judgements in churches, because the sight was thought unwelcome to the often female patrons. The Master’s Mouth of Hell at the beginning of the Office of the Dead actually shows three animal mouths: an uppermost stone-like portal, framed by souls boiling in pots, screams in agony; a lower mouth grimaces, its lips drawn apart by demons; and within that lower mouth, a fire-red creature opens its own jaws. The surrounding tableau of demons tormenting the souls of the dead was painted nearly 50 yrs before Hieronymus Bosch painted his. Marginal genre scenes clearly relate to the religious scenes in the main miniatures above. Details of the book, such as traps and nets in borders, relate very closely to details in the Merode Altarpiece by Robert Campin (or a follower), and suggest strongly that the master knew works by Campin. Stories flow through successive pictures: a woman watches a man die, weeps, then goes on a pilgrimage; souls within Hell dine upon the Host, and are rescued by an angel. There is little repetition, and the miniatures form a harmonious whole.
Antithesis and unusual iconography conveys irony and humor. Saint James the Less was known for his abstinence, so the border depicts men drinking wine. Saint Gregory, the great Church administrator, is shown with a border of gold and silver coins. Saint Peter is painted with the key of the Church, standing above a triskelion (a reference to the Trinity) of fresh fish as the fisher of men. Saint Lawrence is shown with the grill of his martyrdom, and the alms purse attribute as the patron of the poor. His border shows fresh fish ready for grilling, and the big fish eating the little fish, representing the rich devouring the poor, a common literary and pictorial theme of the 15th and 16th centuries. These fantastic trompe l’oeil borders were to influence the work of the Master of Mary of Burgundy 30 years later.
The Cleves Master was a superb realist who showed scenes of 15th-century Utrecht, especially in the small bas-de-page pictures. The Holy Family at dinner shows Saint Joseph wearing clogs and spooning gruel, while reclining in a barrel chair in front of a lively fire. The Virgin is seated on the other side of the fire, suckling Jesus in her neat, orderly kitchen.
By reconstructing The Hours from the two principal manuscripts, one can see the Master grow as an artist over the several years it took to illuminate The Hours. The early miniatures and iconography are comparable to the contemporary panel paintings of Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck, and share many close similarities. The later miniatures are painted with the imagination, originality, and vibrant colors that characterize Early Netherlandish painting and the later developments of that tradition. This originality of technique and awareness of everyday life prompted Delaissé to call the Cleves Master "the ancestor of the 17th century Dutch school of painting."
Modern period
After disappearing from view for some 400 years, the Hours of Catherine of Cleves surfaced in 1856. Jacques Joseph Techener, a Parisian book dealer, offered The Hours for sale at 15,000 francs. At some time before 1896, Prince Charles d’Arenberg purchased The Hours (M 945); or rather, he bought half of The Hours.
In 1963, Frederick Adams was offered another Cleves Master Horae (M 917) by an unnamed European owner. A comparison of this discovered book with the Guennol Hours (M 945) revealed that not only were they by the same artist, and from the same workshop, but both Horae were incomplete and complemented each other. This observation suggested that they were once a single volume, which had been deliberately disassembled into two separate liturgical books. Scholars believe that sometime in the 1850s, The Hours was separated into two volumes, and several leaves were removed. Microscopic examination revealed that some of the rubrics had been deliberately erased, so the leaves could be reassembled without a tell-tale break in the text. The two volumes have been recovered; but, the 9-12 missing leaves are presumed lost.
In 1970, the Guennol Hours (M.945) was purchased by the Pierpont Morgan Library through the Belle da Costa Greene Foundation, with additional assistance of various Library Fellows. By studying the text, the iconography, and the physical makeup of the two volumes, Dr John Plummer, Morgan Library Curator of Medieval Manuscripts, reconstructed the original sequence of the original, single volume of the Hours of Catherine of Cleves.
In connection with a 2010 exhibition entitled “Demons and Devotion: The Hours of Catherine of Cleves,” the Morgan Library disbound the two volumes to display 93 of the illuminations in their original order. After the show which ends on May 2, 2010, the library will rebind the book with the leaves in their proper order.
Provenance
Catherine, Duchess of Guelders, for whom it was made, 1440–1445 (single volume)
Ermengard of Lochhorst, who allegedly received it from Catherine
Disappeared for 400 years
Jacques Techener, Parisian Book dealer, 1856 (divided into 2 volumes: M 945, M 917; and missing leaves)
M 917
Baron Maurice de Rothschild, 1936 (M 917)
Frederick Adams, Bookseller, discovers another Cleves Master Horae, 1963 (M 917)
Morgan Library and Museum, purchased 1963 (M 917)
M945
Prince Charles d’Arenberg, purchased before 1896 (M 945)
Duchess Julie d’Arenberg (M 945)
Duke Engelbert d’Arenberg (M 945)
Duke Engelbert-Marie d’Arenberg exhibited as the Arenberg Hours in Düsseldorf, 1904 (M 945)
Hans P. Kraus, Bookseller, 1958 (M 945)
Alistair Bradley Martin (Guennol Collection), 1958 (M 945)
Exhibited at the Rijksmuseum as the Guennol Hours, 1958 (M 945)
Hans P. Kraus, Art Dealer, 1970 (M 945)
Morgan Library and Museum, purchased 1970 (M 945)
Description
The book is a Gothic manuscript and book of hours, illuminated by the Master of Catherine of Cleves, and at least two assistants, in Utrecht c. 1440. The book is now bound in two volumes:
M 945 = Vellum, 193 leaves, 7½ × 5⅛ inches (192 × 130 mm), with 63 miniatures, bound in 19th-century red velvet.
M 917 = Vellum, 328 leaves, 7½ × 5⅛ inches (192 × 130 mm), with 94 miniatures, in a 19th-century binding, with spine marked Heures de Catherine de Cleves / Martyrologie. There are an estimated 9 to 12 leaves missing, based on the series of saints in the Suffrages. Saint Quirinus, Saint Margaret and two other saints are missing; at least five to eight other leaves are missing, too. The text is Latin in a Gothic script with black and red ink, by a single scribe; there are catchwords and rubricator’s notes in other hands.
Contents
Books of hours were extremely popular in the late medieval times, and by the date of these hours the most common vehicle for lavish illumination. The books were intended for regular use, by lay people, who wished to structure their devotional life. Observing the canonical hours centered upon the recitation, or singing, of a number of psalms, which are accompanied by prayers, specified by the eight hours of the liturgical day.
The core text of a Book of Hours is the Little Office of the Virgin, illustrated by scenes from the Life of the Virgin. This series of hourly prayers were prayed to the Mother of God, who co-mediates and sanctifies the prayers to God. The Penitential Psalms were recited to help one resist temptation of committing any of the Seven Deadly Sins. The prayers in the Office of the Dead were prayed to shorten the time a loved one spent in Purgatory. Supplementary texts were added to celebrate any personal patron, family saint, special circumstances, or a fortuitous event. This standard pattern of daily prayer provided the framework for the artists' efforts.
This book contains:
A Calendar of feast days,
The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary,
The Hours of the Cross,
The Hours of Eternal Wisdom,
The Office for the Dead,
The Seven Penitential Psalms,
Various Litanies and Prayers,
A series of seven Offices for each day, with an accompanying Mass; and
The Suffrages, a Memorial of the Saints.
Decoration
These volumes come from a period when luxury books of hours for the wealthy were produced for their artistic and decorative effect. The artist chose an unusually wide variety of subject matter for his border illuminations. He decorated his borders with beautiful trompe l’oeil depictions of nature: mussels, fruit, birds, fish, and more. The Master also depicts man-made beauty, such as jewelry, tiles, coins, and furniture. These border decorations would greatly influence the Master of Mary of Burgundy. The Cleves Master was familiar with the details of humble tasks such as milking a cow, selling wine, and baking bread. In spite of the humble occupations depicted in the miniatures and borders, the luxurious details of wealth and elegance dominate the miniatures, to emphasize that this book was made for an aristocratic client. Ingenious theological links between the subjects of the main images and the objects in the borders have been suggested by some scholars, though many of these are not generally accepted.
The Cleves Master's originality is in the trompe l'oeil effects, and in the still life borders. For example, a border of pretzels and wafers encircles Saint Bartholomew, mussels enclose Saint Ambrose, and a rosary frames the Adoration of the Magi. Meiss observed that these pages are constructed so that the reader views the border through a magnifying glass and the miniature through a telescope. The Hours uses framing as a means to encourage viewers to think of themselves as participants with God in creating sacred time. The human figure appears flexible and articulate. The Master handles distance by graduated scale and diminishing clarity. The artist's increasing skill in depicting these realistic features can be traced from the start to the finish of this book.
As a whole, the Cleves Master’s decorations concentrate on the great themes of late medieval theology and piety: the Trinity, Christ, the Cross, the Virgin, the Saints, death, salvation, and eternal life. The standard pattern of these devotional prayers provided the framework for the Cleves Master’s efforts. The challenge to the artists of his day was to apply their utmost skill in devising sumptuous pictures, which were fresh and delightful, but fully compliant with religious conventions and the expectations of their noble clients.
Reproductions
In 1964, the Morgan Library produced an 83-page catalogue, The Book of Hours of Catherine of Cleves, for the Cleves Hours exhibit held at the Library. Both the cloth and paperback editions contained 30 black and white plates, plus 2 color plates, accompanied with commentaries by Dr. John Plummer, Curator of Mediaeval Manuscripts at the Pierpont Morgan Library. Frederick B. Adams, Jr, wrote the Foreword, which incorporated comments by Harry Bober, L. M. J. Delaissé, Millard Meiss, and Erwin Panofsky.
In 1966, the publisher, George Braziller, produced a full color, partial facsimile. All 157 of the miniatures were reproduced in color with gold. Three text pages of prayers were reproduced in color. The 160 facsimile pages were accompanied with notes and commentaries by Dr. John Plummer. This book was issued as a 359-page leather, or leatherette, hardback volume in a slipcase.
A cloth hardback edition was issued in 1975. And, in 1980, the publisher, George Braziller, produced a paperback facsimile of this book.
In 2002, George Braziller published a third edition as a 360-page hardback. All 157 of the miniatures and three text pages were reproduced in color with gold. Dr. Plummer includes a new foreword, along with the 1966 edition Introduction and commentaries, accompanying each facsimile page.
In conjunction with a 2010 exhibition of the manuscript, the Morgan Library prepared a complete digital facsimile of the miniatures and any facing text pages.
Use
The Hours of the Virgin are those for use of the Augustinian canons of the Windesheim chapter. The Office of the Dead is also that for Windesheim use, which is the same as for Utrecht.
The Hours of Catherine of Cleves is still relevant today as a devotional text. Karlfried Froehlich, Princeton Theological Seminary, makes a statement about the modern usage of books of hours:
In their imaginative use of traditional iconography the artists put us in touch with a wealth of theological tradition that had developed over centuries and had marked with its symbols the meditative road into the depth dimension. Behind the pictures in these volumes we meet not only the theology of an individual Christian but also a theology expressive of the collective witness of many generations who drew their strength from the contemplation of the realities to which their symbols pointed. There is nothing that could prevent a miniature from the Hours of Catherine of Cleves from becoming an effective help of Christian meditation today.
See also
Canonical hours
List of illuminated manuscripts
History of miniature (illuminated manuscript)
References
Notes
Further reading'''
Calkins, Robert G. "Distribution of labor: the illuminators of the Hours of Catherine of Cleves and their Workshop." In Transactions of the American Philosophical Society; new ser., v. 69, pt. 5. Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society, 1979.
Calkins, Robert G. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1983.
De Hamel, Christopher. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. New York: Phaidon Press, 1997.
Merton, Thomas. A Book of Hours''. Notre Dame, Indiana: Sorin Books, 2007.
External links
Hypertext Book of Hours; full texts and translation
Morgan Library online version
Last Judgement image
A Note on the Book of Hours of Catherine of Cleves, Peter Woodruff, USC
Utrecht Calendar
Utrecht Daily Prayer
Category:Illuminated books of hours
Category:1440s books
Category:Arts in the court of Philip the Good
Category:Collection of the Morgan Library & Museum
Category:15th-century Latin books
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Chronotype
A chronotype is the behavioral manifestation of underlying circadian rhythms of myriad physical processes. A person's chronotype is the propensity for the individual to sleep at a particular time during a 24-hour period. Eveningness (delayed sleep period) and morningness (advanced sleep period) are the two extremes with most individuals having some flexibility in the timing of their sleep period. However, across development there are changes in the propensity of the sleep period with pre-pubescent children preferring an advanced sleep period, adolescents preferring a delayed sleep period and many elderly preferring an advanced sleep period.
The causes and regulation of chronotypes, including developmental change, individual propensity for a specific chronotype, and flexible versus fixed chronotypes have yet to be determined. However, research is beginning to shed light on these questions, such as the relationship between age and chronotype. There are candidate genes (called clock genes) that exist in most cells in the body and brain, referred to as the circadian system that regulate physiological phenomena (hormone levels, metabolic function, body temperature, cognitive faculties, and sleeping). With the exception of the most extreme and rigid chronotypes regulation is likely due to gene-environment interactions. Important environmental cues (zeitgebers) include light, feeding, social behavior, and work and school schedules. Additional research has proposed an evolutionary link between chronotype and nighttime vigilance in ancestral societies.
Humans are normally diurnal creatures, that is to say they are active in the daytime. As with most other diurnal animals, human activity-rest patterns are endogenously controlled by biological clocks with a circadian (~24-hour) period. Chronotypes have also been investigated in other species, such as fruit flies and mice.
Normal variation in chronotype encompasses sleep–wake cycles that are two to three hours later in evening types than morning types. Extremes outside of this range can cause a person difficulty in participating in normal work, school, and social activities. If a person's "lark" or (more commonly) "owl" tendencies are strong and intractable to the point of disallowing normal participation in society, the person is considered to have a circadian rhythm sleep disorder.
History
The 20th century saw greatly increased interest in and research on all questions about sleep. Tremendous strides have been made in molecular, neural and medical aspects of biological rhythmicity. Physiology professor Nathaniel Kleitman's 1939 book Sleep and Wakefulness, revised 1963, summarized the existing knowledge of sleep, and it was he who proposed the existence of a basic rest-activity cycle. Kleitman, with his students including William C. Dement and Eugene Aserinsky, continued his research throughout the 1900s. O. Öquist's 1970 thesis at the Department of Psychology, University of Göteborg, Sweden, marks the beginning of modern research into chronotypes, and is entitled Kartläggning av individuella dygnsrytmer, or "Charting Individual Circadian Rhythms".
Measurement
Morningness–eveningness questionnaire
Olov Östberg modified Öquist's questionnaire and in 1976, together with J.A. (Jim) Horne, he published the 19-item morningness–eveningness questionnaire, MEQ, which is still used and referred to in virtually all research on this topic.
Researchers in many countries have worked on validating the MEQ with regard to their local cultures. A revision of the scoring of the MEQ as well as a component analysis was done by Jacques Taillard et al. in 2004, working in France with employed people over the age of 50. Previously the MEQ had been validated only for subjects of university age.
Circadian Type Inventory
The Circadian Type Inventory, developed by Folkard (1987), is an improved version of the 20-item Circadian Type Questionnaire (CTQ).
The CTI was initially developed to identify individuals capable of adapting to shift work. Thus, the scale assesses two factors that influence a person’s ability to alter his or her sleeping rhythms: rigidity/flexibility of sleeping habits and ability/inability to overcome drowsiness. Since its creation, the scale has undergone a number of revisions to improve its psychometric properties. An 18-item version was used as part of the larger Standard Shiftwork Index (SSI) in a study conducted by Barton and colleagues. This shorter scale was then reduced and altered to make an 11 item scale by De Milia et al.
Composite Scale of Morningness
Smith et al. (1989) analyzed items from MEQ, Diurnal Type Scale, and CTQ and chose the best ones to develop an improved instrument, the 13-item Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM or CS). CSM consists of 9 items from the MEQ and 4 items from the Diurnal Type Scale and is regarded as an improved version of MEQ. It currently exists in 14 language versions; the most recently developed are Polish, Russian and Hindi.
Others
Roberts, in 1999, designed the Lark-Owl Chronotype Indicator, LOCI. Till Roenneberg's Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) from 2003 uses a quantitative approach; his many thousands of subjects have answered questions about their sleep behavior.
Characteristics
Most people are neither evening nor morning types but lie somewhere in between. Estimates vary, but a 2007 survey of over 55,000 people by Roenneberg et al. showed that morningness–eveningness tends to follow a normal distribution. People who share a chronotype, morningness or eveningness, have similar activity-pattern timing: sleep, appetite, exercise, study etc. Researchers in the field of chronobiology look for objective markers by which to measure the chronotype spectrum. Paine et al. conclude that "morningness/eveningness preference is largely independent of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic position, indicating that it is a stable characteristic that may be better explained by endogenous factors".
Sleep
Horne and Östberg found that morning types had a higher daytime temperature with an earlier peak time than evening types and that they went to sleep and awoke earlier, but no differences in sleep lengths were found. They also note that age should be considered in assessments of morningness and eveningness, noting how a "bed time of 23:30 may be indicative of a morning type within a student population, but might be more related to an evening type in the 40–60 years age group". Clodoré et al. found differences in alertness between morning and evening types after a two-hour sleep reduction. Duffy et al. investigated "changes in the phase relationship between endogenous circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle", and found that although evening types woke at a later clock hour than morning types, morning types woke at a later circadian phase. Zavada et al. show that the exact hour of mid-sleep on free (non-work) days may be the best marker for sleep-based assessments of chronotype; it correlates well with such physiological markers as dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) and the minimum of the daily cortisol rhythm. They also state that each chronotype category "contains a similar portion of short and long sleepers". Chung et al. studied sleep quality in shift-working nurses and found that "the strongest predictor of sleep quality was morningness–eveningness, not the shift schedule or shift pattern", as "evening types working on changing shifts had higher risk of poor sleep quality compared to morning types".
Diurnal rhythms
Gibertini et al. assessed blood levels of the hormone melatonin, finding that the melatonin acrophase (the time at which the peak of a rhythm occurs) was strongly related to circadian type, whereas amplitude was not. They note that morning types evidence a more rapid decline in melatonin levels after the peak than do evening types. Baehr et al. found that, in young adults, the daily body temperature minimum occurred at about 4 a.m. for morning types but at about 6 a.m. for evening types. This minimum occurred at approximately the middle of the eight-hour sleep period for morning types, but closer to waking in evening types. Evening types had a lower nocturnal temperature. The temperature minimum occurred about a half-hour earlier in women than in men. Similar results were found by Mongrain et al. in Canada, 2004. Morning types had lower pain sensitivity throughout a day than evening types, but the two chronotype groups did not differ in the shape of diurnal variations in pain. There are some differences between chronotypes in sexual activity, with evening chronotypes preferring later hours for sex as compared to other chronotypes.
Personality
Chronotypes differ in many aspects of personality, but also in intellectual domains, like creative thinking. For example, eveningness preference has been related to unrestricted sociosexuality in females, but not in males.
Intelligence
A meta analysis found a small positive association between an evening chronotype and intelligence; similar results were subsequently found in a large sample using a standardized battery.
Genetic variants associated with chronotype
Studies show that there are 22 genetic variants associated with chronotype. These variants occur near genes known to be important in photoreception and circadian rhythms. The variant most strongly associated with chronotype occurs near RGS16, which is a regulator of G-protein signalling and has a known role in circadian rhythms. In mice, gene ablation of Rgs16 lengthens the circadian period of behavioural rhythm. By temporally regulating cAMP signalling, Rgs16 has been shown to be a key factor in synchronising intercellular communication between pacemaker neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the centre for circadian rhythm control in humans.
PER2 is a well-known regulator of circadian rhythms and contains a variant recently shown to be associated with iris formation. This suggests a link between iris function and chronotype. Per2 knockout mice show arrhythmic locomotor activity. The gene ASB1, associated with eveningness and a tendency to day-napping is a result of interbreeding between archaic and modern humans and is originally a Neanderthal trait, possibly linked to a more crepuscular lifestyle in this species.
Therefore, the chronotype is genetically heritable.
Chronotype and disease
Disrupted circadian rhythms are associated with several human diseases, for example, chronotype is genetically correlated with BMI (body mass index). However, cause-and-effect is not yet determined.
References
Category:Sleep physiology
Category:Circadian rhythm
Category:Sleep
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1983–84 Serie C1
The 1983–84 Serie C1 was the sixth edition of Serie C1, the third highest league in the Italian football league system.
Overview
Serie C1/A
It was performed in 18 teams, and Parma won the championship. It was decided that Parma, Bologna was promoted to Serie B, and Prato, Fano, Fanfulla, Trento was demoted in Serie C2.
Serie C1/B
It was performed in 18 teams, and Bari won the championship. It was decided that Bari, Taranto was promoted to Serie B, and Civitanovese, Siena, Foligno, Rende was demoted in Serie C2.
League standings
Serie C1/A
Serie C1/B
External links
Italy Championship 1983/84 at RSSSF
Category:Serie C1 seasons
3
Italy
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Regular part
In mathematics, the regular part of a Laurent series consists of the series of terms with positive powers. That is, if
then the regular part of this Laurent series is
In contrast, the series of terms with negative powers is the principal part.
References
Category:Complex analysis
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Novica Maksimović
Novica Maksimović ( , born 4 April 1988) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Greek club Panionios.
References
External links
Stats at Utakmica.rs
Category:1988 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Kula, Serbia
Category:Serbian footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:FK Crvena Stijena players
Category:FK Hajduk Kula players
Category:RFK Novi Sad 1921 players
Category:FK Sloboda Užice players
Category:FK Spartak Subotica players
Category:FK Vojvodina players
Category:Lombard-Pápa TFC footballers
Category:Panionios F.C. players
Category:Serbian SuperLiga players
Category:Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Category:Superleague Greece players
Category:Serbian expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in Montenegro
Category:Expatriate footballers in Hungary
Category:Expatriate footballers in Greece
Category:Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Montenegro
Category:Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
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Early African church
The name Early African Church is given to the Christian communities inhabiting the region known politically as Roman Africa, and comprised geographically somewhat around the area of the Roman Diocese of Africa, namely: the Mediterranean littoral between Cyrenaica on the east and the river Ampsaga (now the Oued Rhumel (fr)) on the west; that part of it that faces the Atlantic Ocean being called Mauretania, in addition to Byzacena. Thus corresponding somewhat to contemporary Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya. The evangelization of Africa followed much the same lines as those traced by Roman civilization.
Informal primacy was exercised by the Archdiocese of Carthage, a metropolitan archdiocese also known as "Church of Carthage".
History before the Arab Conquest
The delimitation of the ecclesiastical boundaries of the African Church is a matter of great difficulty. Again and again the Roman political authority rearranged the provincial divisions, and on various occasions the ecclesiastical authorities conformed the limits of their respective jurisdictions to those of the civil power. These limits, however, were not only liable to successive rectification, but in some cases they were not even clearly marked. Parts of Mauretania always remained independent; the mountainous region to the west of the Aurès Mountains (Middle Atlas), and the plateau above the Tell never became Roman. The high lands of the Sahara and all the country west of the Atlas range were inhabited by the nomad tribes of the Gaetuli, and there are neither churches nor definite ecclesiastical organizations to be found there. Christianity filtered in, so to speak, little by little.
Bishoprics were founded among the converts, as the need for them arose; were moved, possibly, from place to place, and disappeared, without leaving a trace of their existence. The historical period of the African Church begins in 180 with groups of martyrs. At a somewhat later date the writings of Tertullian tell us how rapidly African Christianity had grown. It had passed the Roman military lines, and spread among the peoples to the south and southeast of the Aure. About the year 200 there was a violent persecution at Carthage and in the provinces held by the Romans. We gain information as to its various phases from the martyrdom of St. Perpetua and the treatises of Tertullian. Christianity, however, did not even then cease to make distant conquests; Christian epitaphs are to be found at Sour El-Ghozlane, dated 227, and at Tipasa, dated 238. These dates are assured. If we rely on texts less definite we may admit that the evangelization of Northern Africa began very early.
By the opening of the 3rd century there was a large Christian population in the towns and even in the country districts, which included not only the poor, but also persons of the highest rank. A council held at Carthage about the year 235 was presided by the earliest known bishop of Carthage, Agrippinus, and was attended by eighteen bishops from the province of Numidia. Another council, held in the time of Cyprian, about the middle of the 3rd century, was attended by eighty-seven bishops. At this period the African Church went through a very grave crisis.
The Emperor Decius published an edict that made many martyrs and confessors, and not a few apostates. A certain bishop, followed by his whole community, was to be seen sacrificing to the gods. The apostates (see Lapsi) and the timid who had bought a certificate of apostasy for money (see Libellatici) became so numerous as to believe they could lay down the law to the Church, and demand their restoration to ecclesiastical communion, a state of affairs that gave rise to controversies and deplorable troubles.
Yet the Church of Africa had martyrs, even at such a time. The persecutions at the end of the third, and at the beginning of the fourth, century did not only make martyrs; they also gave rise to a minority that claimed that Christians could deliver the sacred books and the archives of the Church to the officers of the State, without lapsing from the faith. (See Traditors.)
The accession of Constantine the Great found the African Church torn apart by controversies and heresies; Catholics and Donatists contended not only in polemics, but also in a violent and bloody way. A law of Constantine (318) deprived the Donatists of their churches, most of which they had taken from the Catholics. They had, however, grown so powerful that even such a measure failed to crush them. They were so numerous that a Donatist Council, held at Carthage, in 327, was attended by 270 bishops.
Attempts at reconciliation, suggested by the Emperor Constantius II, only widened the breach and led to armed repression, an ever-growing disquiet, and an enmity that became increasingly embittered. Yet, in the very midst of these troubles, the Primate of Carthage, Gratus, declared (in the year 349): "God has restored Africa to religious unity." Julian's accession (361) and his permission to all religious exiles to return to their homes added to the troubles of the African Church. A Donatist bishop sat in the seceded see of Carthage, in opposition to the orthodox bishop.
One act of violence followed another and begat new conflicts. About this period, Optatus, Bishop of Milevum (fr), began to combat the sect by his writings. A few years later, St. Augustine, converted at Milan, returned to his native land, and entered the lists against every kind of error. Paganism had by that time ceased to be a menace to the Church; in 399 the temples were closed at Carthage. Nevertheless, the energy and genius of Augustine were abundantly occupied in training the clergy and instructing the faithful, as well as in theological controversy with the heretics. For forty years, from 390 to 430, the Councils of Carthage, which reunited a great part of the African Episcopate, public discussions with the Donatists, sermons, homilies, scriptural commentaries, followed almost without interval; an unparalleled activity that had commensurate results.
Pelagianism, which had made great strides in Africa, was condemned at the Council of Carthage (412). Donatism, also, and semipelagianism were stricken to death at an hour when political events of the utmost gravity changed the history and the destiny of the African Church. Conflict between Carthage and Rome on the regulation of the African Church came to the fore when Apiarius of Sicca appeal his excommunication to Rome and thus challenging the authority of Cathage. Count Boniface had summoned the Vandals to Africa in 426, and by 429 the invasion was completed. The barbarians advanced rapidly and made themselves masters of cities and provinces. In 430 St. Augustine died, during the siege of Hippo; nine years later Genseric, king of the Vandals, took possession of Carthage. Then began for the African Church an era of persecution of a kind hitherto unknown. The Vandals were Arians. Not only did they wish to establish their own Arianism, but they were bent on the destruction of Catholicism.
Churches the invasion had left standing were either transferred to the Arians or withdrawn from the Catholics and closed to public worship. The intervention of the Emperor Zeno (474–491) and the conclusion of a treaty of peace with Genseric, were followed by a transient calm. The churches were opened, and the Catholics were allowed to choose a bishop (476), but the death of Genseric, and the edict of Huneric, in 484, made matters worse than before. A contemporary writer, Victor of Vita, has told us what we know of this long history of the Vandal persecution. Even in such a condition of peril, the Christians of Africa did not display much courage in the face of oppression.
During the last years of Vandal rule in Africa, St. Fulgentius, Bishop of Ruspe, exercised a fortunate influence over the princes of the Vandal dynasty, who were no longer completely barbaric, but whose culture, wholly Roman and Byzantine, equalled that of their native subjects. Yet the Vandal monarchy, which had lasted for nearly a century, seemed less firmly established than at its beginning. Hilderic, who succeeded Thrasamund in 523, was too cultured and too mild a prince to impose his will on others. Gelimer made an attempt to deprive him of power, and, proclaimed King of the Vandals in 531, marched on Carthage and dethroned Hilderich. His cause appeared to be completely successful, and his authority firmly established, when a Byzantine fleet appeared off the coast of Africa. The battle of Ad Decimum (13 September 533) won the initiative for the invading Byzantines. The taking of Carthage, the flight of Gelimer, and the battle of Tricamarum, about the middle of December, completed their destruction and their disappearance.
The victor, Belisarius, had but to show himself in order to reconquer the greater part of the coast, and to place the cities under the authority of the Emperor Justinian. A Council held at Carthage in 534 was attended by 220 bishops representing all the churches. It issued a decree forbidding the public exercise of Arian worship. The establishment of Byzantine rule, however, was far from restoring unity to the African Church. The Councils of Carthage brought together the bishops of Proconsular Africa, Byzacena, and Numidia, but those of Tripolitania and Mauretania were absent. Mauretania had, in fact, regained its political autonomy, during the Vandal period. A native dynasty had been set up, and the Byzantine army of occupation never succeeded in conquering a part of the country so far from their base at Carthage.
The reign of Justinian marks a sad period in the history of the African Church, due to the part taken by the clergy in the matter known as the Three-Chapter Controversy. While one part of the episcopate wasted its time and energies in fruitless theological discussions, others failed of their duty. It was under these circumstances that Pope Gregory the Great sent men to Africa, whose lofty character contributed greatly to increase the prestige of the Roman Church. The notary Hilarus became in some sense a papal legate with authority over the African Bishops. He left them in no doubt as to their duty, instructed or reprimanded them, and summoned councils in the Pope's name. With the help of the metropolitan of Carthage, he succeeded in restoring unity, peace, and ecclesiastical discipline in the African Church, which drew strength from so fortunate a change even so surely as the See of Rome regained in respect and authority.
The Arab Conquest and decline
The Arabs started conquering the region of North Africa in the 7th century and in 698, Caryhage was taken. The Roman church gradually died out alongside the vulgar Latin of the region. One prevailing view has been that the decline of Christianity in North Africa as quick. Another view however has been that it remained in the region for many centuries before dying out. Lope Fernandez de Ain, the bishop of Morocco, was named by Pope Innocent IV in 1246 as the bishop of the Church of Africa, the only church permitted to preach there.
Christian literature of Africa
The ecclesiastical literature of Christian Africa is the most important of Latin Christian literatures. The first name that presents itself is Tertullian, an admirable writer, much of whose work we still possess, notwithstanding the lacunae due to lost writings. Such works as the "Passio S. Perpetuae" have been attributed to him, but the great apologist stands so complete that he has no need to borrow from others.
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Not that Tertullian is always remarkable for style, ideas, and theology, but he has furnished matter for very suggestive studies. His style, indeed, is often exaggerated, but his faults are those of a period not far removed from the great age of Latin literature. Nor are all his ideas alike novel and original, so that what seems actually to be his own gains in importance on that very account. In contradistinction to the apologists of, and before, his time, Tertullian refused to make Christian apologetics merely defensive; he appealed to the law of the Empire, claimed the right to social existence, and took the offensive.
His theology is sometimes daring, and even inaccurate; his morality inadmissible through very excess. Some of the treatises that come down to us were written after he separated from the Catholic Church. Yet, whatever verdict may be passed on him, his works remain among the most valuable of Christian antiquity.
The lawyer, Minucius Felix, has shown so much literary skill in his short treatises of a few pages that he has deservedly attained to fame. The correspondence, treatises, and sermons of St. Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage, belong approximately to the middle of the 3rd century, the correspondence forming one of the most valuable sources for the history of Christianity in Africa and the West during his time. His relations with the Church of Rome, the councils of Carthage, his endless disputes with the African bishops, take the place, to some extent, of the lost documents of the period.
St. Cyprian, indeed, although an orator before he became a bishop, is not Tertullian's equal in the matter of style. His treatises are well composed, and written with art; they do not, however, contain that inexhaustible abundance of views and perspectives that are the sole privilege of certain very lofty minds.
Arnobius, the author of an apology for Christianity, is of a secondary interest; Lactantius, more cultured and more literary, only belongs to Africa by reason of the richness of his genius. The peculiar bent of his talent is purely Ciceronian, nor was he trained in the schools of his native land. Among these, each of whom has his name and place, there moved others, almost unknown, or hidden under an impenetrable anonymousness. Writings collected among the Spuria of Latin literature have been sometimes attributed to Tertullian, sometimes to St. Cyprian, or even to Pope Victor, the contemporary of the Emperor Commodus. Other authors, again, such as Maximius of Madaura and Victorinus, stand, with Optatus of Milevi, in the front rank of African literature in the 4th century, before the appearance of St. Augustine.
The literary labours of St. Augustine are so closely connected with his work as a bishop, that it is difficult, at the present time, to separate one from the other. He wrote not for the sake of writing, but for the sake of doing. From the year 386 onward, his treatises appeared every year. Such profuseness is often detrimental to their literary worth; but what is more injurious, however, was his own carelessness concerning beauty of form, of which he hardly ever seems to think in his solicitude about other things. His aim above all else was to ensure conviction. The result is that we have the few beautiful passages that fell from his pen. It is to the loftiness of his thought, rather than to the culture of his mind, that we owe certain pages which are admirable, but not perfect. The language of Augustine was Latin indeed, but a Latin that had already entered on its decline. His desire was to be understood, not to be admired, which explains the shortcomings of his work in respect of style.
But when from his style we pass to his thoughts, we may admire almost unreservedly. Even here we find occasional traces of bad taste, but it is the taste of his period: florid, fond of glitter, puns, refinements-in a word, of the weaknesses of contemporary Latin.
Of all St. Augustine's vast labours, the most important, as they are among the first Christian writings, are: The "Confessions", the "City of God", and the "Commentary on the Gospel of St. John." As regards theology, his works gave Christianity an impulse that was felt for centuries. The doctrine of the Trinity supplied him with matter for the most finished exposition to be found among the works of the Doctors of the Church. Other writers, theologians, poets, or historians, are to be met with after St. Augustine's time, but their names, honourable as they are, cannot compare in fame with the great ones we record as belonging to the 3rd and 4th centuries. The endeavour of St. Fulgentius, Bishop of Ruspe, is to think and write as a faithful disciple of St. Augustine. Dracontius, a meritorious poet, lacks elevation. Only an occasional line deserves a place among the poetry that does not die. Victor of Vita, an impetuous historian, makes us sometimes wish, in presence of his too literary descriptions, for the monotonous simplicity of the chronicles, with their rigorous exactness. In the theological or historical writings of Facundus of Hermiane, Verecundus, and Victor of Tunnunum, may be found bursts of passion of literary merit, but often of doubtful historical accuracy.
The writings of African authors, e.g., Tertullian and St. Augustine, are full of quotations drawn from the Sacred Scriptures. These fragmentary texts are among the most ancient witnesses to the Latin Bible, and are of great importance, not only in connection with the formation of the style and vocabulary of the Christian writers of Africa, but also in regard to the establishment of the biblical text. Africa is represented at the present day by a group of texts that preserved a version commonly known as the "African Version" of the New Testament. It may now be taken as certain that there never existed in early Christian Africa an official Latin text known to all the Churches, or used by the faithful to the exclusion of all others. The African bishops willingly allowed corrections to be made in a copy of the Sacred Scriptures, or even a reference, when necessary, to the Greek text. With some exceptions, it was the Septuagint text that prevailed, for the Old Testament, until the 4th century. In the case of the New, the MSS. were of the western type. (See Bible, Canon.) On this basis arose a variety of translations and interpretations. The existence of a number of versions of the Bible in Africa does not imply, however, that no one version was more widely used and generally received than the rest, i.e., the version found nearly complete in the works of St. Cyprian. Yet even this version was not without rivals. Apart from discrepancies in two quotations of the same text in the works of two different authors, and sometimes of the same author, we know that of several books of Scripture there were versions wholly independent of each other. At least three different versions of Daniel were used in Africa during the 3rd century. In the middle of the fourth, the Donatist Tychonius uses and collates two versions of the Apocalypse.
Liturgy
The liturgy of the African Church is known to us from the writings of the Fathers, but there exists no complete work, no liturgical book, belonging to it. The writings of Tertullian, of St. Cyprian, of St. Augustine are full of valuable indications that indicate the liturgy of Africa presented many characteristic points of contact with the liturgy of the Roman Church. The liturgical year comprised the feasts in honour of Our Lord and a great number of feasts of martyrs, which are offset by certain days of penance. Africa, however, does not seem to have conformed rigorously, in this matter, with what was else customary. The station days. The fast of these days was not continued beyond the third hour after noon. Easter in the African Church had the same character as in other Churches; it continued to draw a part of the year into its orbit by fixing the date of Lent and of the Paschal season, while Pentecost and the Ascension likewise gravitated around it. Christmas and the Epiphany were kept clearly apart, and had fixed dates. The cultus of the martyrs is not always to be distinguished from that of the dead, and it is only by degrees that the line was drawn between the martyrs who were to be invoked and the dead who were to be prayed for. The prayer (petition) for a place of refreshment, refrigerium, bears witness to the belief of an interchange of help between the living and the departed. In addition, moreover, to the prayer for the dead, we find in Africa the prayer for certain classes of the living.
Dialects
Several languages were used simultaneously by the people of Africa; the northern part seems at first to have been a Latin-speaking country. Indeed, previous to, and during the 1st centuries of, our era we find there a flourishing Latin literature, many schools, and famous rhetoricians. However, Greek was currently spoken at Carthage in the 2nd century; some of Tertullian's treatises were written also in Greek. The steady advance of Roman civilization caused the neglect and abandonment of that tongue. At the beginning of the 3rd century an African, chosen at random, would have expressed himself more easily in Greek than in Latin; two hundred years later, St. Augustine and the poet Dracontius had at best but a slight knowledge of Greek. As to local dialects, we know little. No work of Christian literature written in Punic has come down to us, though there can be no doubt that the clergy and faithful used a language much spoken in Carthage and in the coast towns of the Proconsular Province. The lower and middle classes spoke Punic, and the Circumcellions were to be among the last of its defenders. The Christian writers almost wholly ignore the native Libyan, or Berber, dialect. St. Augustine, indeed, tells us that this writing was only in use among the nomad tribes.
Episcopal sees
Ancient episcopal sees of Proconsular Africa listed in the Annuario Pontificio as titular sees of the Catholic Church:
See also
Catholic Church in Africa
Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
Archdiocese of Carthage
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tunis
References
Category:Berber Christians
Category:History of Christianity in Africa
Category:Roman North Africa
Category:Early Christianity
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1913 Liberty Head nickel
The 1913 Liberty Head nickel is an American five-cent piece which was produced in extremely limited quantities unauthorized by the United States Mint, making it one of the best-known and most coveted rarities in American numismatics. In 1972, one specimen of the five cent coin became the first coin to sell for over US$100,000; in 1996, another specimen became the first to sell for over US$1 million. In 2003, one coin was sold for under three million dollars. In 2010, the Olsen piece sold for US$3.7 million at a public auction.
Only five examples are known to exist: two in museums and three in private collections.
Origin
The Indian Head (Buffalo) nickel was introduced in February 1913, replacing the Liberty Head design. These were the first official strikings of nickels in 1913, since the United States Mint's official records list no Liberty Head nickels produced in that year. However, in 1920, the numismatic community learned of five Liberty Head nickels dated 1913, all owned by Samuel Brown, a numismatist who attended the American Numismatic Association's annual convention in 1920 and displayed the coins there. He had previously placed an advertisement in the December 1919 issue of The Numismatist soliciting information on these coins, offering to pay US $500 for each and ostensibly purchasing them as a result. However, Brown had been a Mint employee in 1913, and many numismatic historians have concluded that he may have struck them himself (or had them struck) and taken them from the Mint. If true, this was not a unique occurrence; such clandestine strikes were quite common in the 19th century, with the Class II and III 1804 silver dollars perhaps the best-known instance. Other numismatic authorities, such as Q. David Bowers, have questioned this scenario, and pointed out that there are several methods by which the coins could have been legitimately produced; e.g., they may have been lawfully issued by the Mint's Medal Department "for cabinet purposes," or could have been struck as trial pieces in late 1912 to test the following year's new coinage dies. Bowers, however, did not entirely discount the private minting theory.
Pedigree
In January 1924, Samuel Brown sold all five 1913 Liberty Head nickels. The intact lot passed through the hands of several other coin dealers before finally being purchased by Colonel E. H. R. Green (son of the famous Gilded Age investor and miser Hetty Green), who kept them in his collection until his death in 1936. His estate was then auctioned off, and the five 1913 Liberty Head nickels were purchased by two dealers, Eric P. Newman and B. G. Johnson, who broke up the set for the first time.
Eliasberg specimen
Of the five 1913 Liberty Head nickels, two have proof surfaces and the other three were produced with standard striking techniques. The Eliasberg specimen is the finest known 1913 Liberty Head nickel, with a grade of 66 from various professional grading services, including PCGS and NGC.
This coin was purchased from Newman and Johnson by the Numismatic Gallery, a coin dealership that then sold it to famed collector Louis Eliasberg. It remained in Eliasberg's comprehensive collection until after his death. In May 1996, it was sold at an auction conducted by Bowers and Merena to rarities dealer Jay Parrino for US$1,485,000: the highest price for a coin up until that point. When it was auctioned again in March 2001, the price climbed to US$1,840,000. In May 2005, Legend Numismatics purchased the Eliasberg specimen for US$4,150,000. In 2007, it was sold to an unnamed collector in California for US$5 million.
Olsen specimen
While the Eliasberg specimen is the best preserved of the five coins, the Olsen specimen is almost certainly the most famous. It has been graded Proof-64 by both PCGS and NGC, and was featured on an episode of Hawaii Five-O ("The $100,000 Nickel," aired on December 11, 1973). It was also briefly owned by King Farouk of Egypt.
When Newman and Johnson broke up the set of five coins, the Olsen specimen was sold first to James Kelly and then to Fred Olsen. The latter sold the coin to Farouk, but his name has remained attached to it in numismatic circles ever since. In 1972, it was sold to World Wide Coin Investments for US$100,000, thus inspiring its title appearance in Hawaii Five-O the following year. Its price doubled to US$200,000 when it was resold to Superior Galleries in 1978. It has been resold on several occasions since then, fetching US$3,000,000 in a private treaty sale from California collector Dwight Manley to Bruce Morelan and Legend Numismatics in June 2004. Legend sold the coin to Blanchard and Co. in 2005, who sold it to a private collector, and more recently for US$3,737,500 by Heritage Auctions in January 2010. The latest owner's name has not been disclosed.
Norweb specimen
The Norweb specimen is one of two 1913 Liberty Head nickels that have ended up in museums. It is on exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution.
Newman and Johnson sold the Norweb specimen to F.C.C. Boyd, who then resold it to the Numismatic Gallery (which handled several of the coins over the years). In 1949, it was purchased by King Farouk to replace the Olsen specimen, which he had sold. It remained in Farouk's collection until he was deposed by Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1952. Two years after that, Farouk's possessions were all auctioned off by the new regime. The Numismatic Gallery regained possession of it, and sold it this time to Ambassador Henry Norweb and his wife. The Norwebs donated the specimen to the Smithsonian Institution’s National Numismatic Collection- where it remains - in 1978 to commemorate their sixtieth wedding anniversary.
Walton specimen
The Walton specimen is the most elusive of the five 1913 Liberty Head nickels; for over 40 years, its whereabouts were unknown and it was believed to have been lost. George O. Walton, for whom the specimen is named, purchased it from Newman and Johnson in 1945 for approximately US$3,750, equal to $ today. On March 9, 1962, Walton died in a car crash en route to a coin show. He had promised the show's promoters that he would exhibit the 1913 Liberty Head nickel there, so it was assumed to have been among the coins in his possession at the time of the fatal crash. US$250,000 worth of coins were recovered from the crash site, including the 1913 Liberty nickel, which was protected in a custom-made holder. When Walton's heirs put his coins up for public auction in 1963, the nickel was returned to them, because the auction house had mistakenly determined the coin to be not genuine. As a result, the coin remained in the family's possession, being stored in a strongbox on the floor of a closet in his sister's home, for over 40 years. In July 2003, the American Numismatic Association arranged to display the four specimens whose whereabouts were known. As a publicity stunt, public relations consultant and former ANA governor Donn Pearlman launched a nationwide hunt for the missing fifth specimen. He arranged with Bowers and Merena auction house (at the time a division of Collectors Universe, Inc.) to offer a minimum US$1 million to purchase the coin, or as a guarantee for consigning it to one of their public auctions. In addition, a US$10,000 reward was offered simply for letting representatives of Bowers and Merena be the first to see the missing fifth specimen when found. After learning about the reward, the Walton heirs brought their coin to the ANA convention in Baltimore, where expert authenticators from Professional Coin Grading Service examined it at length and compared it to the other four known specimens. At that time, it was determined that the Walton specimen was genuine. The coin was sold at auction by the heirs in April 2013 for US$3,172,500, significantly above an estimated value of US$2,500,000.
The auction buyers, Jeff Garrett, (former ANA President) and owner of Mid-American Rare Coin Galleries in Lexington, Kentucky, partnering with esteemed numismatist, Larry Lee, put it on display at Lee’s store, Coin & Bullion Reserves in Panama City, Florida. It stayed there, on display for five years, viewed by legions of visitors. In June 2018 Garrett and Lee sold the 1913 Walton, in a private treaty sale reported to be between $3 and $4 million, to Martin Burns, a lawyer from Las Vegas and his brother Ron Firman, of Miami. PCGS reauthenticated the coin and sealed it a current PCGS Secure slab (holder). The brothers then arranged for the Walton specimen to come back to the ANA museum, where it has been since July 2018.
McDermott specimen
Held by the American Numismatic Association's Money Museum, the McDermott specimen has the distinction of being the only 1913 Liberty Head nickel with circulation marks on it. Johnson and Newman sold it to James Kelly, who then sold it to J.V. McDermott, whose name ended up as part of the coin's pedigree. He often carried the coin around with him, showing it off to bar patrons and boasting of its extraordinary rarity and value. The coin lost some of its original mint luster in the process, and McDermott eventually protected it in a holder to prevent further wear. After his death, the coin was then sold at auction to Aubrey Bebee in 1967 for US$46,000, who along with his wife donated it to the ANA in 1989, where it is exhibited in the Money Museum.
Books
Paul Montgomery, Mark Borckardt, and Ray Knight. Million Dollar Nickels: Mysteries of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickels Revealed. Irvine, CA: Zyrus Press, 2005
Michael Wescott with Kendall Keck. The United States Nickel Five-Cent Piece: History and Date-by-Date Analysis. Wolfeboro, NH: Bowers and Merena, 1991
References
Liberty Head nickel
Category:Currencies introduced in 1913
Category:Five-cent coins of the United States
Category:Goddess of Liberty on coins
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Victoria (1935 film)
Victoria (German: Viktoria) is a 1935 German drama film directed by Carl Hoffmann and starring Luise Ullrich, Mathias Wieman and Alfred Abel. It is an adaptation of Knut Hamsun's Victoria.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Kurt Herlth and Werner Schlichting. It was shot on location in Bergen in Norway.
Main cast
Luise Ullrich as Viktoria
Mathias Wieman as Johannes
Alfred Abel as Der Schloßherr
Erna Morena as Die Schloßherrin
Helmut Hoffmann as Ditlef
Theodor Loos as Der Kammerherr
Maria Seidler as Die Kammerherrin
Heinz von Cleve as Otto
Bernhard Goetzke as Der Müller, Vater Johannes'
Margarete Schön as Die Müllerin, Mutter Johannes'
Paul Bildt as Professor
References
Bibliography
Thomas Elsaesser & Michael Wedel. The BFI companion to German cinema. British Film Institute, 1999.
External links
Category:1935 films
Category:German films
Category:Films of Nazi Germany
Category:German drama films
Category:1930s drama films
Category:German-language films
Category:Films directed by Carl Hoffmann
Category:Films based on Norwegian novels
Category:Films based on works by Knut Hamsun
Category:Tobis Film films
Category:German black-and-white films
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Sarah Culberson
Princess Sarah Jane Culberson, Lady of Bumpe (born Princess Esther Elizabeth Kposowa in 1976) is an American dancer, actress, philanthropist, educator, public speaker, and author. By birth she is a Mende princess of Bumpe in Sierra Leone. She is the co-founder of Sierra Leone Rising, a non-profit organization that raises funds to improve education, economic opportunities, and sustainable living for people in Sierra Leone. In 2009 she co-authored her memoir, titled A Princess Found: An American Family, an African Chiefdom, and the Daughter Who Connected Them All.
Personal life
Culberson was born Esther Elizabeth Kposowa in Morgantown, West Virginia to an American mother and a Sierra Leonean father. She was put into foster care as an infant and was later adopted by Jim and Judy Culberson, a couple from West Virginia. Her adoptive father was a professor of neuroanatomy at West Virginia University. Her adoptive mother was a special education instructor at an elementary school. She grew up not knowing anything about her birth parents. Culberson was raised in the United Methodist faith. Culberson played basketball, served as student body president, and was the homecoming queen at University High School. She received a theatre scholarship to West Virginia University and graduated in 1998. She later obtained a masters of fine arts degree from the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco.
In 2004 Culberson hired a private investigator to find her biological parents. She discovered that her biological mother, a white woman from the United States named Penny, had died from cancer twelve years earlier and that her father, Prince Joseph Konia Kposowa, was a member of a Mende royal family. Her paternal grandfather, Francis Kposowa, had been the Paramount Chief of Bumpe in Sierra Leone. As a Mahaloi, or granddaughter of the Paramount Chief, she is accorded the status of princess by the Mende people. She reconnected with her father after writing him a letter. Her father revealed that he had been a visiting college student when she was conceived, and he and her mother agreed they were too young and not financially suitable to care for a child at that time. Upon arriving in Bumpe, the chiefdom granted her the title Bumpenya, which is Mende for Lady of Bumpe. She is the niece of sociologist Prince Augustine Kposowa.
Career
In 2001 Culberson moved to Los Angeles to pursue an acting career. She has made appearances on the television shows In Case of Emergency, Strong Medicine, All of Us, Boston Legal, and The Secret Life of the American Teenager. She also had a role in the film American Dreamz.
From 2005 to 2007 Culberson was a dancer with CONTRA-TIEMPO, a professional dance company based in Los Angeles that specializes in Salsa, hip-hop, and contemporary dance performances. She now serves on the dance company's board of directors and continues to perform as a guest artist.
In 2006 Culberson co-founded Sierra Leone Rising, formerly known as Kposowa Foundation, a non-profit foundation that supports education, rebuilding of schools, and improving quality of life in the Bumpe Chiefdom of Sierra Leone after the civil war.
She works as director of service learning at the Oakwood School in Los Angeles. As the service director, she organizes school service trips to Sierra Leone. She had previously worked at the Brentwood School, where she established a dance program.
In 2009 she co-authored the memoir A Princess Found: An American Family, an African Chiefdom, and the Daughter Who Connected Them All.
References
Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:21st-century American dancers
Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers
Category:21st-century American women writers
Category:21st-century American actresses
Category:American adoptees
Category:Sierra Leonean royalty
Category:African-American female dancers
Category:African-American memoirists
Category:American memoirists
Category:African-American women writers
Category:African-American actresses
Category:American television actresses
Category:American film actresses
Category:American contemporary dancers
Category:American people of Mende descent
Category:American people of Sierra Leonean descent
Category:American women philanthropists
Category:American United Methodists
Category:Kposowa family
Category:Organization founders
Category:People from Morgantown, West Virginia
Category:West Virginia University alumni
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{
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Iazuri River
Iazuri River may refer to:
Iazuri, a tributary of the Șomuzul Mare in Suceava County
Iazuri or Iazurile, a tributary of the Dobra in Hunedoara County
See also
Iaz River (disambiguation)
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{
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Total Contrast
Total Contrast was a male duo from England, specialising in soul and electro music. They are well known for their 1985 hit "Takes a Little Time", which made number 1 on the US dance chart and number 17 in the UK. The group formed in 1983 consisting of members Robin Achampong and Delroy Murray.
Career
In the mid-1980s, they scored several hits on the US Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart, including "Takes a Little Time", which hit #1 in 1985. In their homeland, the same song, reached number 17 in the UK Singles Chart. Further releases in the UK included "Hit and Run", a minor hit which reached #41 in 1985, "The River" which peaked at #44 in early 1986, and "What You Gonna Do About It" peaking at #63 in the summer of 1986. The latter track was also featured on the band's 1986 self-titled album.
They appeared on the Dance Aid single, released in April 1987. Another album, Beat to Beat, was released in 1987. Two singles, "Kiss" and "Jody", despite being popular on the dance floors, failed to chart. The same happened to their 1988 cover version of Bob Marley's "Waiting in Vain".
Achampong and Murray formed Tongue 'n' Cheek.
Total Contrast found popularity with 1980s revivalists, in particular the Canadian duo Chromeo, who included "Takes a Little Time" on their 2005 album, Chromeo Presents Un Joli Mix Pour Toi.
Discography
Albums
Total Contrast (1985)
Beat to Beat (1987)
Singles
"Be with You Tonight" (1983)
"Next Time I'll Know Better/Sunshine" (1984)
"The Apple of My Eye" (1984) (as Carroll Thompson featuring Total Contrast)
"Hit and Run" (1985) - UK #41
"Takes a Little Time" (1985) - UK #17
"The River" (1985) - UK #44
"What You Gonna Do About It" (1986) - UK #63
"Jody" (1987) - UK #90
"Kiss" (1987) - UK #80
"Waiting in Vain" (1988) - UK #90
"Love Fever" (1989) (Featuring Tongue in Cheek)
See also
List of number-one dance hits (United States)
List of artists who reached number one on the US Dance chart
References
External links
Discogs
Category:British soul musical groups
Category:English funk musical groups
Category:English electro musicians
Category:English musical duos
Category:Male musical duos
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Border Break
, is a third-person mecha action arcade game developed by Sega. It is the first title to run on Sega's RingEdge arcade system board, and was released on September 9, 2009 in Japan, in Hong Kong on January 25, 2010, and in Taiwan on April 1, 2010. A PlayStation 4 version was released in Japan on August 2, 2018.
Within one month by the end of September 2009, at least 2,436 Border Break machines were sold to arcade operators, which increased to nearly 3,000 machines by the end of 2009. As of March 2012, the game has grossed ¥8.1 billion from arcade machine sales, equivalent to more than $100 million.
Gameplay
The game focuses on robot battles through network connectivity between arcade cabinets. Two teams of ten robots battle across different landscapes, which include cities, towns, and facilities. In each map, each team's goal is to destroy the opposing team's energy reactor core, marked in red and blue respectively. At the end of each match, Class Points will be given to the player to level up their current rank.
The class point also affects the rank of the player. Generally, players who have just started the game will start playing in a series of cooperative battles against a computer-controlled "bots" team. The player will start facing actual opponents once when they have attained the rank of D4.
Development
Operating support of RingEdge arcade system EOL at the end of 2018. The arcade version of Border Break may end the service, but no official announcement has been made.
PlayStation 4 port
In January 2018, Sega announced that it would port Border Break to PlayStation 4. A beta test was conducted a few times in February, and the final release was done in Japan in August. The port is free-to-play.
Merchandise
Kotobukiya released a series of model kits featuring the mecha from the game. The nine were the Cougar I, released in January 2010, the Heavy Guard II, released in March 2010, the Shrike I, released in May 2010, the Cougar I(A class color) with heavy armament, released in June 2010, the Shrike I with assault armament, released in July 2010, the Zebra 41, released in September 2010, the Cougar S (S class color), released in November 2010, the Saber II, released in January 2011, and the Shrike V, released in March 2011.
A model kit of the mecha, Yaksha Rei released by Wave in July 2016.
A CD soundtrack was released in November 2009 in Japan. The majority of music from Border Break is a fusion between electronica and rock. A CD single by Japanese pop artist Mechanical Panda, was released separately and contains the opening theme song, "Last Brave~Go To Zero". A second CD soundtrack titled, "Border Break Airburst", was released on 12/22/10. The music contained on this release is from the 2.0 upgraded version of the game. A third soundtrack titled "Border Break Airburst 2", was released on 10/03/12. This expanded soundtrack was a digital only release. A fourth and fifth soundtrack, titled "Border Break Union GRF" and "Border Break Union EUST" were released on 11/21/12. These expanded soundtracks were digital only. A fifth soundtrack, titled "Border Break Scramble" was released on 5/14/14 in Japan. The release was again digital only and contained music from the latest version of the game.
Four walkthrough guides and an artbook have been released. The Border Break Art Book was translated in English by Udon Entertainment, and released in 2015.
Two novels have been released, Border Break Nemesis Day (2012) and Border Break Historica (2014). A manga began in 2012.
References
External links
ボーダーブレイク オフィシャルウェブサイト Official Website
Border Break gameplay video
Category:2009 video games
Category:Arcade games
Category:Sega arcade games
Category:Video games about mecha
Category:Multiplayer and single-player video games
Category:PlayStation 4 games
Category:Video games about revenge
Category:Video games developed in Japan
Category:Video games featuring female protagonists
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Brachyglene crocearia
Brachyglene crocearia is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by William Schaus in 1912. It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras and Guatemala.
References
Category:Moths described in 1912
Category:Notodontidae
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{
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Jerry Jeudy
Jerry Jeudy (born April 24, 1999) is an American football wide receiver for the Alabama Crimson Tide. As a sophomore in 2018, he was awarded the Fred Biletnikoff Award as the nation's best wide receiver.
Early years
Jeudy attended Deerfield Beach High School in Deerfield Beach, Florida. As a senior in 2016, he had 76 receptions for 1,054 yards and 15 touchdowns. Jeudy was rated as a five star recruit, the third highest rated wide receiver in the country and 21st highest rated recruit overall by the 247Sports Composite. He committed to the University of Alabama to play college football on July 28, 2016.
College career
Freshman year: 2017
Jeudy enrolled early at Alabama and participated in spring practice for the 2017 season. He was named the MVP of Alabama's A-Day spring game after catching five passes for 134 yards and two touchdowns. Jeudy caught his first career pass in Alabama's second game of the season against Fresno State. In Alabama's victory over Georgia in the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship, he had one reception for 20 yards. In total, Jeudy amassed 14 receptions for 264 yards and two touchdowns during his true freshman season.
Sophomore year: 2018
During the spring before his sophomore season in 2018, it was reported that Jeudy underwent surgery for a meniscus injury, and would have to miss part of spring practice. He was fully recovered in time for fall camp, saying "I feel great, actually. I forgot I got injured to be real." Jeudy was named third-team preseason All-SEC at SEC Media Days.
Jeudy caught six touchdown passes in Alabama's first three games of the 2018 season, including a 136-yard, two-touchdown performance against Ole Miss. He had 135 yards and two touchdowns against Arkansas on October 6, and the next week set a career high with 147 yards and a touchdown against Missouri. He had 139 yards and a touchdown in Alabama's loss to Clemson in the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship.
Jeudy was named a consensus first-team All-American and first-team All-SEC. He was awarded the Fred Biletnikoff Award as the nation's best wide receiver. His 14 receiving touchdowns led the conference and was tied for third nationally, and his 1,315 receiving yards were second in the conference behind Ole Miss's A. J. Brown.
Junior year: 2019
Jeudy was a unanimous pre-season All-American heading into his junior year, and a favorite to repeat as the Biletnikoff Award winner. Numerous publications named him among the best returning players in the country, and he was listed on several Heisman Trophy watchlists.
Jeudy was the Crimson Tide's leading receiver in each of their first two games, finishing with 137 yards and a touchdown in the season opener against Duke, and 103 yards and three touchdowns against New Mexico State the following week. Jeudy eclipsed 100 yards in only two more games during the regular season, in part due to the season-ending injury of quarterback Tua Tagovailoa. He finished the regular season with 959 yards receiving and 9 touchdowns and was again named first-team All-SEC. He capped off his junior season with six receptions for 204 yards and a touchdown in the Crimson Tide's win over Michigan in the Citrus Bowl.
On January 4, 2020, Jeudy announced he would forgo his senior season and enter the 2020 NFL Draft.
College career statistics
Source:
Personal
While he was a senior in high school in 2016, Jeudy's seven year old sister died.
References
External links
Alabama Crimson Tide bio
Category:1999 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Deerfield Beach, Florida
Category:Players of American football from Florida
Category:Sportspeople from the Miami metropolitan area
Category:American football wide receivers
Category:Alabama Crimson Tide football players
Category:All-American college football players
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Chinlund
Chinlund is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
James Chinlund (born 1971), American production designer
Nick Chinlund (born 1961), American actor
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Karan Rastogi
Karan Rastogi (born 8 October 1986, Mumbai) is an Indian tennis player. He started playing tennis at the age of 3. He was ranked No.1 in all age groups in India from the under 12s to the under 18s.
In 2000, he became the first Indian to win three events at the junior nationals winning the boys under 14 singles and doubles and the boys under 16 singles in one week at the same event. In the same year he also led the Indian under 14 team to finish as runners up in the Asia/Oceania boys under 14 World Junior Tennis event, thus qualifying for the World finals to be held in Czech Republic. In the world finals as India's no.1 player Karan lost the first match to the then 14 year old Rafael Nadal as India lost to Spain 0-3. He was named Asia's no.1 Under 14 boys player in 2000.
In 2002, he received the award for the most promising junior in India at the ATP Chennai Open.
In 2003, he turned professional. He reached the semi-finals of the Australian Open Junior Championship in 2004. He was then selected to be part of the Indian Davis Cup team for the first time against New Zealand in February 2004. In his first full year on the professional circuit Karan went from a ranking of 1100 in January to 350 at the end of the year.
In 2007 at the ATP Chennai Open, Karan beat Thiago Alves from Brazil in the first round and lost to world no.2 Rafael Nadal 64 61 in the second round. This was the year he played his first live match in Davis Cup against Uzbekistan as India's no.1 singles player.
Karan represented India in Davis Cup from 2004-2011. And Asian Games in 2006 and 2010. Winning the Bronze medal in the 2010 edition.
In 2008 Karan underwent a lower back operation which kept him out of the game for more than 18 months. Within 15 months of his comeback Karan reached his career best singles ranking of 284 in 2011 February. He also won two back to back ATP doubles challenger events in 2011 reaching a career high doubles ranking of 217.
In 2012 Rastogi decided to quit his playing career and begin a coaching career. He completed an A level coaching course from GPTCA and is an ATP certified tennis coach. In 2012 November Karan joined forces with the Hong Kong Tennis Association to coach and help all their national teams. He has coached their Davis Cup and Fed cup teams to promotion and also has captained the under 14 boys and girls teams and the Junior Davis Cup teams. Karan currently is coaching the various national teams of Hong Kong.
In 2016, Karan made a comeback to playing and represented Hong Kong as a player for the first time in Davis Cup and won both his singles and doubles matches against Lebanon to win promotion for Hong Kong from Group 3 to Group 2.
In 2017, Karan again won his singles and doubles matches for Hong Kong against Vietnam to help Hong Kong reach the semi-finals of the Asia/Oceania Group 2.
Personal life
He currently resides in Hong Kong with his wife Lia Ali, whom he married in January 2014.
External links
Category:1986 births
Category:Living people
Category:Asian Games gold medalists for India
Category:Asian Games medalists in tennis
Category:Indian male tennis players
Category:Racket sportspeople from Mumbai
Category:Tennis players at the 2010 Asian Games
Category:Tennis players at the 2006 Asian Games
Category:Asian Games bronze medalists for India
Category:Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
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Nathan Foley (footballer)
Nathan Foley (born 8 September 1985) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).
Foley was drafted by using pick 3 in the 2003 AFL Rookie Draft, from the Geelong Falcons. He made his debut in Round 10, 2005 against the , in a match well remembered for the horrific broken leg sustained by Tigers' star Nathan Brown.
In 2007, Foley had a break-out season, establishing himself as one of the AFL's best on-ballers. He was selected in the squad of 40 for the All-Australian team, but missed out when the official 22-man team was released in September 2007. He was runner-up in the Jack Dyer Medal count, polling only one vote behind Matthew Richardson.
In 2008, Foley was named as Richmond's deputy vice captain along with Chris Newman.
Foley retired in August 2015 citing a degenerative knee injury forcing him into immediate retirement.
Playing statistics
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2005
|
| 41 || 6 || 1 || 0 || 24 || 39 || 63 || 6 || 20 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 4.0 || 6.5 || 10.5 || 1.0 || 3.3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2006
|
| 41 || 21 || 3 || 2 || 177 || 156 || 333 || 55 || 70 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 8.4 || 7.4 || 15.9 || 2.6 || 3.3
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2007
|
| 41 || 22 || 6 || 6 || 246 || 286 || 532 || 46 || 90 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 11.2 || 13.0 || 24.2 || 2.1 || 4.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2008
|
| 41 || 21 || 8 || 5 || 200 || 267 || 467 || 48 || 75 || 0.4 || 0.2 || 9.5 || 12.7 || 22.2 || 2.3 || 3.6
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2009
|
| 41 || 14 || 4 || 2 || 138 || 223 || 361 || 41 || 55 || 0.3 || 0.1 || 9.9 || 15.9 || 25.8 || 2.9 || 3.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2010
|
| 41 || 4 || 0 || 1 || 28 || 51 || 79 || 12 || 16 || 0.0 || 0.3 || 7.0 || 12.8 || 19.8 || 3.0 || 4.0
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2011
|
| 41 || 22 || 11 || 8 || 226 || 248 || 474 || 55 || 122 || 0.5 || 0.4 || 10.3 || 11.3 || 21.5 || 2.5 || 5.5
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2012
|
| 41 || 10 || 1 || 6 || 110 || 123 || 233 || 38 || 58 || 0.1 || 0.6 || 11.0 || 12.3 || 23.3 || 3.8 || 5.8
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2013
|
| 41 || 16 || 6 || 5 || 151 || 141 || 292 || 54 || 65 || 0.4 || 0.3 || 9.4 || 8.8 || 18.3 || 3.4 || 4.1
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2014
|
| 41 || 18 || 4 || 3 || 136 || 167 || 303 || 39 || 73 || 0.2 || 0.2 || 7.6 || 9.3 || 16.8 || 2.2 || 4.1
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2015
|
| 41 || 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 154
! 44
! 38
! 1436
! 1701
! 3137
! 394
! 644
! 0.3
! 0.2
! 9.3
! 11.0
! 20.4
! 2.6
! 4.2
|}
References
External links
Nathan Foley (footballer)s statistics from Footy Wire
Category:Richmond Football Club players
Category:Colac Football Club players
Category:Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
Category:Geelong Falcons players
Category:Living people
Category:1985 births
Category:People from Colac, Victoria
Category:Australia international rules football team players
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Vlierbeek Abbey
Vlierbeek Abbey () is a former Benedictine abbey to the north-east of Leuven in Belgium, in the sub-district Kessel-Lo.
History
On the abbey site in 1127 a priory was founded by Affligem Abbey, to whom Godfrey I of Louvain had given the land on the Vlierbeek two years previously. In 1163 or 1165 the priory was elevated to the status of an abbey. The Benedictines cultivated the surrounding land, and played a great role in the spiritual and intellectual development of the area. Over the next few centuries they worked almost constantly on the abbey complex, having often to repair or rebuild what had been destroyed by fire or conflict.
In 1170 a stone church in Romanesque style replaced the first church, which was made of clay.
In 1572 the abbey was burnt down by the troops of William of Orange. The reconstruction of the abbey was spread over two periods. The first lasted from 1642 to c. 1730. The second, under the direction of Laurent-Benoît Dewez, lasted from 1776 to 1796.
During the occupation by the French Revolutionary army the abbey, like all other monasteries, was suppressed in 1796, and the monks were expelled. The buildings and contents were sold off in 1798. Jan Antoon de Becker of Louvain, brother of one of the monks, became the new owner. In 1801 the abbot and some of the monks returned, but a full revival of the community did not succeed, and the last monk of Vlierbeek died in 1838.
After the creation of the municipality of Kessel-Lo in 1828 the abbey church became the parish church for the whole of it. In 1877 the parish of Blauwput was separated. In 1900 Boven-Lo also became an independent parish. From that point the former abbey church became the parish church of the parish of Vlierbeek.
In 1830 de Becker donated the church to the churchwardens and in 1837 he made a further gift to them of the remaining abbey buildings. Some were demolished, others rented to individuals.
Vlierbeek remained rural until World War II. After the war the population and construction increased rapidly and a school (the "abbey school") was built there.
In early 1970 the province of Brabant bought the remaining rural area round the abbey in order to prevent the neighbourhood from being parcelled out in building plots. This area was expanded to form the Kessel-Lo province estate.
For more than 60 years Chiro Vlierbeek, a Catholic youth group, has used the abbey buildings.
Abbey church
The Neo-classical abbey church was designed by the well-known architect Laurent-Benoît Dewez (1731-1812). The central part is octagonal and is crowned by a cupola. The openings have various geometric forms such as semi-circle or a trapezium. The interior is severe and light. The monks' choir terminates in a square tower with an octagonal skylight.
Churchyard
In the churchyard are burial monuments of prominent persons, including the professors Alberdingk-Thijm (1827-1904), Emiel Vliebergh (1872-1925), Mgr. Pieter-Jozef Sencie (1865-1941) and student leader Jef Vanden Eynde (1879-1929).
Visits
Every weekend a mass is celebrated in the church. Apart from this the church is accessible to visitors, and the abbot's lodgings are accessible on special occasions. The other buildings are private property.
References
External links
www.abdijvanvlierbeek.be Website of Vlierbeek Abbey
Category:Christian monasteries in Flemish Brabant
Category:Benedictine monasteries in Belgium
Category:Buildings and structures in Leuven
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George R. Dalrymple
George R. Dalrymple (ca. 1790 – February 6, 1851) was a Scottish-born businessman and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented Kings County from 1828 to 1830 and Queens County from 1831 to 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island.
He came to Prince Edward Island in 1821 as a trained apothecary, opening a store in Charlottetown. In 1835, he married Eliza Webster. In 1828, he opened a carding mill in Charlottetown Royalty, later building a flour mill and kiln. He served as speaker for the Prince Edward Island assembly from 1835 to 1839. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1838, after opposing the withholding of rent to protest the lack of action on land reform on the island. In 1839, he was named to the Legislative Council of Prince Edward Island, serving until his death in Charlottetown in 1851.
References
Category:Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
Category:Members of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
Category:1790s births
Category:1851 deaths
Category:Year of birth uncertain
Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Prince Edward Island
Category:Place of birth missing
Category:Colony of Prince Edward Island people
Category:Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Prince Edward Island
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Dohrn
Dohrn may refer to:
People
Anton Dohrn (1840-1909), German biologist and Darwinist
Bernardine Dohrn (born 1942), American political radical
Carl August Dohrn (1806-1892), German entomologist
Georg Dohrn (1867–1942), German conductor and pianist
Heinrich Wolfgang Ludwig Dohrn (1838-1913), German entomologist
Walt Dohrn (born 1970), American voice actor, screenwriter, animator, television director, and comedian
Ships
FRV Anton Dohrn, German Fisheries Research Vessel launched 1954 active into 1980s.
Anton Dohrn, University of Southern California, Venice Marine Biological Station vessel () active in scientific work on the California coast.
, American motor yacht used in scientific work
See also
Anton Dohrn Seamount
Dohrn's thrush-babbler (Horizorhinus dohrni), a bird endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe
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List of shipwrecks in June 1828
The list of shipwrecks in June 1828 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during June 1828.
3 June
5 June
6 June
8 June
11 June
14 June
15 June
16 June
17 June
20 June
23 June
25 June
29 June
30 June
Unknown date
References
1828-06
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Haggart
Haggart may refer to:
Alastair Haggart, British priest
Alexander Haggart (1848–1927), Canadian judge and politician
Bob Haggart (1914–1998), American musician
David Haggart (1801–1821), Scottish criminal
George Haggart, Scottish curler
John Graham Haggart (1836–1913), Canadian politician
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2015–16 Russian Bandy Super League
The 2015–16 Russian Bandy Super League is the 24rd season of the present highest Russian men's bandy top division, Russian Bandy Super League. The regular season began on 8 November 2015, and the final was played on 26 March 2016, when Yenisey beat Baykal-Energiya, thus becoming champions for the third season in a row.
Teams
League table
Knock-out stage
References
Bandy
Bandy
Russian Bandy Super League
Russian Bandy Super League
Category:Seasons in Russian bandy
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Swimming at the 2007 All-Africa Games
The Swimming competition at the 9th All-Africa Games were held in Algiers, Algeria, 11 – 18 July 2007. 121 swimmers from 16 nations were entered into the 7-day competition.
All events were swum in a 50-meter (long course) pool.
Participating nations
121 swimmers from 17 nations were entered in the Swimming competition:
}
Event schedule
m= men's event, w= women's event
Results
Men
Women
Medal standings
References
SwimNews.com coverage: 2007-07-13; 2007-07-14, 2007-07-15, 2007-07-16, 2007-07-17, 2007-07-18
International Herald Tribune:
Category:Swimming at the African Games
Category:2007 All-Africa Games
A
Category:Swimming competitions in Algeria
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Athletics at the Friendship Games – Women's 200 metres
The women's 200 metres event at the Friendship Games was held on 17 August 1984 at the Evžen Rošický Stadium in Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Medalists
Results
Heats
Wind:Heat 1: -0.3 m/s, Heat 2: +0.4 m/s
"A" Final
Wind: +0.4 m/s
"B" Final
Wind: +0.2 m/s
See also
Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres
References
Category:Athletics at the Friendship Games
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Alfonso Martínez Alcázar
Alfonso Jesús Martínez Alcázar (born 30 January 1975) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party. From 2009 to 2011 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Michoacán.
See also
List of municipal presidents of Morelia
References
Category:1975 births
Category:Living people
Category:Politicians from Michoacán
Category:People from Morelia
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Category:National Action Party (Mexico) politicians
Category:21st-century Mexican politicians
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What's Come Inside of You
What's Come Inside of You is the third album by American electronic music group Freescha, released May 6, 2003 on AttackNine Records. It focuses on sexual themes, with most of the songs either having a sexual connotation or pornography samples embedded within the music.
Track listing
"Rinky Dink" – 2:14
"Laser Love" – 5:31
"Feel Back" – 3:41
"Watcha Gonna Go for It?" – 5:33
"Drive Me Wide" – 4:17
"Smurf Shoe" – 5:39
"Baby Maker" – 2:56
"Lover Function" – 4:23
"Too Close to Cry" – 1:28
"Rap the Beat On" – 4:29
"The Sun is Still" – 2:17
"Come Good" – 4:13
"Radio Heart" – 3:35
"Star Black" – 4:07
External links
Category:2003 albums
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John Ross Tower
John Ross Tower is a condominium skyscraper in the South Waterfront neighborhood in Portland, Oregon. It stands at a height of , the first building in the district to reach the maximum height allowed for development and Portland's seventh-tallest building. It is also the largest residential building built in Portland since the KOIN Center in 1984. It was designed by the firm of TVA Architects and topped out in 2007. The Oregonian called it the "symbol of condo craze" in Portland, with sales opening "at the height of the condo bubble" in 2005.
The building contains 31 elliptical-shaped floors and 303 units. The topmost penthouse occupies the entire 31st floor and allows for a full 360 degree view. As of March 2010, 80 units were unsold, and 50 were sold at an auction in April 2010, some at a 70% discount from their original asking price.
See also
Architecture of Portland, Oregon
List of tallest buildings in Portland, Oregon
References
Category:Skyscrapers in Portland, Oregon
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2005–06 Serbia and Montenegro SuperLiga
The 2005–06 Serbia and Montenegro Superliga (officially known as the Meridian SuperLiga for sponsorship reasons) was the fourth and last season of the Serbia and Montenegro's top-level football league before the dissolution. It was contested by 16 teams, and won the championship.
Teams
Radnički Jugopetrol, Čukarički Stankom and Hajduk Beograd were relegated to the 2005–06 Serbian First League while Sutjeska was relegated to the 2005–06 Montenegrin First League after the last season for finishing last.
The relegated teams were replaced by 2004–05 Serbian First League champions Budućnost Banatski Dvor and runners-up Javor Ivanjica, Rad and Voždovac. The league would also join the 2004–05 Montenegrin First League champion Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje
League table
Results
Champions
RED STAR BELGRADE (coach: Walter Zenga)
Players (league matches/league goals)
Milan Dudić (28/3)
Aleksandar Luković (27/3)
Boško Janković (26/12)
Nenad Kovačević (25/1)
Dušan Basta (25/0)
Milan Purović (24/11)
Nikola Žigić (23/12)
Dejan Milovanović (23/2)
Vladimir Stojković (21/0) (goalkeeper)
Milan Biševac (20/0)
Vladimir Mudrinić (20/0)
Marko Perović (18/3)
Nebojša Joksimović (18/0)
Dragan Mladenović (17/3)
Milanko Rašković (13/5)
Nikola Trajković (13/2)
Nenad Milijaš (10/4) signed from FK Zemun on January 12, 2006 during winter 2005/06 transfer window
Dušan Đokić (9/8) signed from FK Voždovac in late January 2006 during winter 2005/06 transfer window
Radovan Krivokapić (9/0)
Ivan Ranđelović (9/0) (goalkeeper)
Ardian Đokaj (8/2)
Bojan Miladinović (6/0)
Takayuki Suzuki (6/0) signed from Kashima Antlers on January 28, 2006 during winter 2005/06 transfer window
Haminu Draman (4/1)
Boban Stojanović (4/0)
Dušan Anđelković (3/0) signed from FK Voždovac in late January 2006 during winter 2005/06 transfer window
Marko Pantelić (3/0) sold to Hertha BSC Berlin on the last day of the 2005 summer transfer window (August 31, 2005)
Zoran Banović (1/0) (goalkeeper)
Filip Đorđević (1/0)
Slavoljub Đorđević (1/0)
Nenad Tomović (1/0)
Jagoš Vuković (1/0)
Top goalscorers
References
External links
Tables and results at RSSSF
Category:First League of Serbia and Montenegro
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List of American Horror Story: Hotel characters
American Horror Story: Hotel is the fifth season of the FX horror anthology series American Horror Story. The season's theme is addiction and revolves around the Hotel Cortez, a mysterious Los Angeles hotel owned by a bloodsucking fashionista named The Countess. An anonymous tip regarding a serial killer who murders people in accordance to the Ten Commandments points John Lowe, a detective haunted by the abduction of his son, to Room 64 of the Cortez.
Veteran cast members include Wes Bentley, Kathy Bates, Chloë Sevigny, Denis O'Hare, Evan Peters, Sarah Paulson, Matt Bomer, and Angela Bassett, with Lady Gaga and Cheyenne Jackson making their series debuts. Special guest stars include Naomi Campbell. Veteran cast members with recurring appearances include Mare Winningham, Lily Rabe, Matt Ross, Finn Wittrock, Christine Estabrook, John Carroll Lynch, and Anthony Ruivivar. This is the second season that is not strictly anthological, with Christine Estabrook, and Matt Ross reprising their previous roles as Marcy (Murder House) and Charles Montgomery (Murder House) respectively, and Gabourey Sidibe reprising her role as Queenie from Coven. Paulson herself also reprises a previous character from Murder House (Billie Dean Howard). This is the first season not to feature mainstay Jessica Lange. This is also the first season not to feature Frances Conroy in any capacity.
Cast members
Main cast
Kathy Bates as Iris
Sarah Paulson as Sally McKenna and Billie Dean Howard
Evan Peters as James Patrick March
Wes Bentley as Det. John Lowe
Matt Bomer as Donovan
Chloë Sevigny as Dr. Alex Lowe
Denis O'Hare as Liz Taylor
Cheyenne Jackson as Will Drake
Angela Bassett as Ramona Royale
Lady Gaga as Elizabeth Johnson / the Countess
Supporting cast
Characters
Main characters
Iris
Iris (portrayed by Kathy Bates) is the manager of the Hotel Cortez who works at the reception desk and is often seen doing crossword puzzles. Despite hating the hotel, she remains in order to keep proximity to her son Donovan, who despises her after she divorced his father and became involved in a breatharian cult which prevented her from providing him medical care. She remains protective of him, pushing Sally McKenna out of a window of the hotel's seventh floor in 1994 after she supplied him with China White heroin, which killed him. Since then, Iris and Donovan have maintained an ongoing rivalry. After Donovan rejects her in a heated confrontation, Iris asks Sally to help her commit suicide, but a damaged Donovan revives Iris by infecting her with the blood virus.
Iris initially rejects killing, but is driven to it when her craving for blood takes a physical toll. She teams up with Donovan and Ramona Royale to kill The Countess out of revenge, despite her initial loyalty to the Countess. She begins killing guests and detoxing them so she may serve their blood to The Countess, and her relationship with Donovan begins to improve as he enjoys his mother's more murderous and reckless behavior. Their relationship deteriorates when Donovan reunites with The Countess and calls off the truce between the trio. Iris warns him of his impending downfall, to which Ramona testifies. Iris plans on committing suicide with her friend Liz Taylor, but decides to enact revenge on The Countess and gain control of the hotel. They go into The Countess's penthouse, guns blazing, fatally wounding Donovan ane injuring The Countess. The Countess escapes when Iris refuses Liz Taylor's plea to find her and runs to Donovan's aid. Donovan says it's too late for him and as a dying wish, he asks her to take him off the hotel's premises so his spirit will not be stuck there. They succeed, and Donovan dies in the street, telling Iris, "I love you, Mom."
Following the death of The Countess (who is killed by John), Iris and Liz become the new managers of the Hotel Cortez. Some of the ghosts continue their murderous activities, but Iris and Liz eventually strike a deal with them and James March to stop killing the guests so that the hotel can be declared a historical landmark hotel in 2016 and stay in business. Iris also makes amends with Sally's spirit by purchasing her an iPhone as a present, allowing her to become a social media star. Iris agrees to help Liz contact the missing spirit of Tristan with the help of psychic Billie Dean Howard. Billie contacts a spirit who they first believe to be Tristan but Billie tells them it is Donovan. Despite Donovan's spirit not residing in the hotel (since he died off the premises), he passes on a message for Iris through Billie that he is finally living a happy life in the afterlife and that he loves her, which brings joyful tears to her eyes.
For her performance, Bates was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Movie.
Sally McKenna
Sally McKenna (portrayed by Sarah Paulson), also known as Hypodermic Sally, is a drug addict who killed Iris's son Donovan with a contaminated heroin needle. Sally died on the Hotel Cortez property in 1994 when Iris shoved her out of a hotel window and she plummeted seven stories to her death. She has since resided in the hotel and considers it her home, unable to leave, maintaining a rivalry with Iris. She follows drug addicts like Gabriel around the hotel and uses The Addiction Demon to punish them for their addiction. She sews all of her victims into the mattresses of the hotel, one of which was found in Vendela and Agnetha's bed. She is constantly seen taunting John, believing they're destined to be lovers. She and James March have an agreement to share John, allowing James to let John be a buffer for the remaining Commandment Killings in exchange for James' protection from the Addiction Demon. As John realizes he is the killer, he and Sally begin to bond, but he quickly leaves her for Alex, Sally vows to kill him for abandoning her. After John's death, Sally is initially depressed and feels her life now has no purpose. However, after Iris gives her an iPhone to make amends for killing her, Iris tells her to get on social media, and she finally finds new meaning in life by becoming a social media star.
For her performance, Paulson was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Movie.
James Patrick March
James Patrick March (portrayed by Evan Peters), sometimes referred to as Jimmy or Mr. March, is a wealthy oil businessman and serial killer, who used his money to construct the Hotel Cortez in the late 1920s and built it to serve his need to kill by incorporating secret shafts and dead-end hallways to hide the victims of his murders. He is helped in this task by his loyal servant and hotel laundress Hazel Evers. James' father was militantly religious and implied to be abusive toward young James, resulting in his resentment of religion and God. After murdering a victim who was religious, James decides to commit a series of murders based on the Ten Commandments, murdering people who broke said commandments and posthumously harvesting a body part from each.
He first met The Countess at the opening of the Cortez when he prevented her from committing suicide in the wake of Rudolph Valentino's alleged death. The two married at the Cortez, but James had had unreciprocated feelings of affection toward the Countess. When The Countess resumed her polyamorous relationship with Rudolph and his wife Natacha Rambova, he abducts them and encloses them in a dead-end hallway, where they remain for the next 90 years. The Countess initially encourages him to use his murderous habits in a progressive manner, killing people in order to get money. However, James believes she eventually turns him in to the police so that she can gain control of the hotel and his wealth. He kills himself in his office at 2:25 AM before the police are able to arrest him. His office is later converted into Room 64, where the clock's alarm goes off at 2:25 AM every morning. After his death, he and The Countess come to an arrangement where the couple must have dinner together one night every month. He recruits Det. John Lowe as his successor to complete the remaining eight Commandment Killings upon seeing John's rage, claiming he is better than killers such as Jeffrey Dahmer and John Wayne Gacy. The Countess continues to reject him, but, due to her "immense beauty," he always forgives her. He shows The Countess's new husband Will Drake her only biological son (and likely James' as well), Bartholomew. Will insults the child and The Countess kills Will in a fit of rage. James later kills Queenie for Ramona, then asks Ramona to kill The Countess so her ghost can spend eternity with him in the hotel. She is unsuccessful, but The Countess is later shot dead by John. Her ghost then successfully stays in the hotel. James expresses his pride for John, meaning their work is now complete.
He arranges to have a dinner party with The Countess, where he tells her that he forgives her for turning him in to police, however, she says she was not the one who turned him in. Hazel Evers admits to turning him in, because she was in love with James and wanted the two of them to be killed by police so they would spend eternity together. In response, James banishes her from his service. James later then makes an agreement with the ghosts of the Cortez to stop killing the guests so in a year the hotel can be made a historic landmark where they can stay forever. He hosts a "Devil's Night" soirée every year where dead serial killers whom he personally mentored come to celebrate each other on their murders, including one in the episode "Devil's Night" for John, and the one in "Be Our Guest" for when he and the serial killer ghosts hold Billie Dean Howard for ransom so that no one will ever film another documentary in the hotel. He is notable for his unique and bizarre Boston Brahmin accent.
James March returns in the eighth season, Apocalypse, where he is seen playing cards with Queenie after killing her. When he encounters Cordelia Goode, the supreme witch, who comes to rescue Queenie, March does not attempt to stop her, and encourages Queenie to leave with Cordelia to have another shot at life. Cordelia was unsuccessful to save her, much to March's joy. When Michael Langdon, the antichrist, arrives to save Queenie, he does the same with him. After Langdon and Queenie leave the room, he sadly recollects the playing cards knowing that she will not return, saying "Solitaire it is."
For his performance in Hotel, Peters was nominated for the Fangoria Chainsaw Award for Best TV Supporting Actor.
Det. John Lowe
Det. John Lowe (portrayed by Wes Bentley) is a Los Angeles homicide detective, husband of Alex Lowe, and father of Scarlett and Holden. Holden was kidnapped five years ago at a carnival in Santa Monica, an incident which severely damaged John and Alex's marriage. John is investigating a series of murders happening in Los Angeles. He receives a phone call that he finds to be originating from Room 64 of the Hotel Cortez. When he goes there to investigate, he finds the room empty. He receives a text from Alex with an address, asking for help. When he arrives at the house, twin boys are found murdered and disemboweled. He realizes the perpetrator hacked Alex's phone and leaves the house, fearing his presence there will endanger Alex and Scarlett, and checks into Room 64 of the Hotel. During his stay, he sees what he believes are hallucinations of his lost son Holden, though apparently the same age as he was when he was abducted. He learns about the origins of the hotel from Iris, and learns that the murders he is investigating may be connected to the late James March and the Ten Commandments. John, due to his addiction to alcohol, is targeted by Sally, believing that he is her destined lover. He rejects her advances, as he is still faithful to his wife. But when he discovers that his wife has gone behind his back and reunited with their son Holden, John embraces Sally.
He suffers from long periods of unconsciousness, which Sally explains is the result of him drinking and being recruited by James March to complete the series of murders he started, and that he has been the one committing the Ten Commandment Killings. When he confesses this to his partner Andrew Hahn, he tells John that is impossible, since the murders started months before he checked into the hotel. John then regains his memory of going to the Blue Parrot Lounge, the bar at the hotel, for drinks in 2010 after working on a case where a father committed suicide upon finding his entire family dead. Donovan takes him to James, who deems him a worthy successor and successfully convinces him over two days that the world no longer gives justice to those who he believes deserve it. He remembers being convinced to take the lead on the case and killing each of the victims he has been investigating. He kills Andrew when he discovers he has been having coffee with Alex, citing the commandment "Thou shalt not covet." John reunites with Alex and helps her halt a blood virus outbreak by killing The Countess and completing James's collection. In return, James releases John's family, whom he had been holding hostage over breaking his promise. He decides to reunite his family and takes them home initially, providing blood for his wife and son, but they later decide to return to the hotel, feeling that it is their true home and they send Scarlett away to boarding school to keep her safe. After killing a man in an alley and draining his blood for Alex and Holden, he is gunned down by the police before he is able to re-enter the hotel. As a result, John can only visit his family once a year on Devil's Night at Halloween. In the finale "Be Our Guest" he and James frighten away Billie Dean Howard and he visits his family in the hotel, including a now teenaged Scarlett.
For his performance, Bentley was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Movie/Miniseries.
Donovan
Donovan (portrayed by Matt Bomer) is the former partner of The Countess, and she revived him from dying from a heroin overdose by infecting him with the blood virus. Since then, he has vowed to stay away from drugs. The Countess values "the hunt," where she tracks down the proper people to kill and consume their blood, while Donovan values domesticity, and would rather stay home. This bores the thrill-seeking Countess, and she seeks romance with the more exciting Tristan Duffy and abandons Donovan. Hurt, he teams up with Ramona Royale and his mother, Iris, with whom he has a difficult relationship, to murder the Countess as revenge for what she's done to the three of them. However, he still feels affection for The Countess, and he gets cold feet when he and Ramona arrive at the hotel to kill the children. Instead, he returns to the penthouse and smells The Countess's clothing.
In Episode 8, it is revealed that Donovan introduced John to James so John could become James' successor in the killings. After The Countess kills Tristan, she and Donovan reunite, and he disbands the truce between him, Ramona, and Iris, and traps Ramona in an enclosed hallway. Donovan begins doubting Elizabeth's affection toward him when he sees her kiss Rudolph Valentino, a past lover of hers. He responds by killing Rudolph and disfiguring his face. The Countess, although upset, views this as an act of love, and they reunite again, only for Iris and Liz to burst in and begin firing at them. Both The Countess and Donovan are shot, and he makes one last request to Liz and Iris to drag his body out of the hotel so his ghost will not return on the property. He dies on the road outside the Cortez and his last dying words are to Iris is that he loves her. When Liz and Iris use psychic Bille Dean Howard to initially contact Tristan for Liz, she manages to contact Donovan's spirit instead, and he gives Billie a message for Iris telling her he is finally happy in the afterlife and that he loves his mother.
Dr. Alex Lowe
Dr. Alex Lowe (portrayed by Chloë Sevigny) is John's wife from whom she becomes estranged after the abduction of their son Holden. She makes at least one suicide attempt since his disappearance, citing that she has grown closer to Holden than she has to Scarlett or John. She is a pediatrician employed by Mrs. Ellison, a West Hollywood anti-vaxxer mother, to treat her son Max, who has been infected with the measles. When she visits a drunken John at the hotel to drop off divorce papers, she is shocked to see Holden in the hotel hall, and she brings him back home. However, Holden insists that he bring her back to the hotel so he can see his "other mommy." She interrogates The Countess about Holden and why he hasn't aged since his abduction, and she learns about the ancient blood virus with which The Countess has infected the children. Benefits include eternal youth and immortality, although they are able to be killed by unconventional methods, and a thirst for blood. The Countess then infects Alex at her request so that she may remain with Holden forever. When Max is admitted into the hospital where his conditions worsens, Alex infects him with the blood virus to save him, but this results in him killing his parents, teacher, principal, and several school nurses in order to consume their blood, as well as spreading the measles to his friends.
Later, John discovers them and Alex enlists the help of Liz to destroy any evidence of her being there. She convinces John that he is spiraling into insanity, and that the hotel is only aiding his departure from reality. After hearing about a series of killings in which adults have their blood drained, The Countess sends Alex on a mission to contain the outbreak, threatening to kill her and Holden if she does not. After convincing the children to come back to the hotel, she and John trap the group of children in the enclosed hallway with a blood-thirsty Ramona. She and John reunite and take Holden home, while a heartbroken Sally vows to kill John. However, she returns with her family to the hotel, deciding it is their true home after being temporarily held captive there by James for John. John provides for Alex and Holden's bloodthirst by killing people, but he is then killed. Following her husband's death, his ghost visits her, Holden and Scarlett every year on "Devil's Night" in the Hotel Cortez.
Liz Taylor
Liz Taylor (portrayed by Denis O'Hare) is the eccentric, transgender bartender of the Blue Parrot Lounge and long-time employee of the hotel. Formerly known as Nick Pryor, Liz worked as a medical representative up until 1984, and was in an unhappy marriage to a woman named Tracy, with two kids, toward whom she displayed no affection. While on a business trip in Los Angeles, she meets The Countess in her hotel room while dressing up in her wife's clothes. The Countess does her make-up in a style similar to her namesake, Elizabeth Taylor, and dubs her Liz Taylor. The Countess suggests that they go out so Liz can feel like her true self, but fearful of the reaction, the two settle on Liz taking a walk down the hallway. While doing so, Liz encounters her two coworkers (also on the business trip), who threaten to expose her while hurling homophobic slurs. Fearful that they may hurt Liz, The Countess slits their throats in front of Liz and persuades Liz to pursue her true self at the Cortez. Liz quits her job and breaks off her marriage, sending money to her kids every month.
It is revealed in "Room Service" that, although she was very close to The Countess, she was never infected with the blood virus. Liz becomes enamored with The Countess's new flame, Tristan Duffy. When the two confront Elizabeth about their love for each other, The Countess says that Liz may have Tristan, moments before slitting his throat in front of her. In "Room 33," it is revealed that she is very close with The Countess's ex-girlfriend Ramona Royale. Since then, Liz has scrapped all loyalty to The Countess, even making a vain attempt to stop her wedding to Will. Liz plans on killing herself, but has second thoughts when her son, Douglas Pryor, finds her and asks her to rejoin his life, even welcoming her as a grandparent to his newborn child. She then decides to team up with Iris and take over the hotel and kill The Countess. After The Countess is finally killed, Liz and Iris manage to fix up the hotel to keep the business alive. When Liz learns she has cancer, she allows The Countess to kill her to remain in the hotel as a ghost. After her revival as a ghost, Liz is finally reunited with Tristan after unsuccessfully trying to contact him before. When Tristan appears in his room, Liz asks why he did not seek contact her. Tristan tells her he did not wish to interfere with her life as a living being, and the two embrace knowing that they will spend eternity in the hotel together as ghosts.
Will Drake
Will Drake (portrayed by Cheyenne Jackson) is the recent buyer and new owner of the Hotel Cortez. Similar to Liz, he loves art and fashion, formerly living in New York City as a fashion mogul, but moves to Los Angeles with his son Lachlan after he felt that "the pulse" of the city was gone. Will is initially thought to be gay, but he later identifies himself as bisexual. He plans to knock down and renovate the hotel which upsets the residents, most of all Donovan who does not take kindly to Will's arrival. Will begins a relationship with The Countess, and later marries her in the hotel lobby. He has construction workers knock down a concrete wall which held The Countess's past lovers, Rudolph Valentino and Natacha Rambova, unleashing them. He celebrates his marriage at the Blue Parrot Lounge, where he meets James March, who brings him to Room 33. Will is disgusted by the hideous appearance of The Countess's only child, Bartholomew. Although The Countess planned to murder him after they married, she bumps up her murder plan and locks him away in the enclosed hallway with a weakened and bloodthirsty Ramona Royale, who tricks Will into unlocking her cage, allowing her to slit his throat and consume his blood as The Countess watches from a monitor in her room. He is revived as a ghost and he resents The Countess for killing him, and interrupts her filing a police report for his disappearance. He accuses of her of killing him for his money, but she tells him she is Lachlan's legal guardian and will inherit his wealth once he reaches the age 18. Following his death, his business empire liquidates and his vast savings become worthless. Feeling without meaning following his economic collapse, he sets out with Sally in murdering the hotel guests. However, Liz convinces him to revive his fashion career, and with her help, he establishes a new fashion company and holds fashion shows in the hotel lobby with the ghosts and vampires of the hotel appearing as catwalk models, allowing him to continue building his fame and success in death.
Ramona Royale
Ramona Royale (portrayed by Angela Bassett) is a well-known actress and The Countess's ex-lover. She was an actress who did many TV commercials and movies during the 1970s, when she had a lesbian relationship with The Countess. Later, in the 1990s, Ramona witnesses The Countess killing her boyfriend. After her boyfriend's death, her acting career ultimately fails and she moves into her parents' house to care for her mother, who has cancer, and her father, who has Alzheimer's. After her mother dies of cancer, a group of robbers break into the house and kill her father. She resurrects him with her blood virus, but he then goes on a killing spree, which ultimately leads her to drown him in the bathtub, killing him. She is introduced in "Mommy" and plans to get revenge on The Countess for her boyfriend's murder. She plans to stab The Countess in her sleep in "She Wants Revenge" but Donovan ends up betraying her by tazing her. While unconscious, The Countess and Donovan put Ramona in one of the neon cages in the sealed hallway alongside Will Drake. Will eventually releases himself and while attempting to free Ramona, she slits his throat and drinks his blood while The Countess watches via cameras.
Ramona kills the infected children after John and Alex lure them to her, though she is ill by the time Liz and Iris find her. Liz and Iris give her Queenie and she drinks her blood, then James kills Queenie. James asks Ramona to kill The Countess for him. She goes into The Countess's room to kill her, but is unsuccessful after The Countess seduces her and they have sex. Ramona later participates in Will Drake's fashion show and Liz tells her that she is dying. In the finale, Ramona joins "Devil's Night" and assists in torturing Billie Dean Howard, who flees the Cortez, after threatening to hunt her down and kill her should she ever make another live show in the hotel on Devil's Night. For her performance, Bassett was nominated for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special.
The Countess
The Countess (portrayed by Lady Gaga), is the enigmatic, bloodsucking, malevolent owner of the Hotel Cortez and resides in the penthouse. Born Elizabeth Johnson in 1904, she was an actress who was featured in a Rudolph Valentino movie and later invited to dinner at his house. That night, she met his wife Natacha Rambova who indicates that their divorce was just a publicity stunt. She then engages in a secret love triangle with Rudolph and Natacha. While attending a cocktail party celebrating the opening of the Hotel Cortez, she heard about Valentino's death in New York and planned to commit suicide by jumping out a window. She is saved by James Patrick March whom she later marries, but doesn't profess to love. Even during her marriage, she frequently disguises herself and visits Valentino's coffin, leaving a single red rose each time. On one such visit, she finds Valentino and his wife alive, and they state that they are infected with a blood virus that saved them from death. They then turn Elizabeth so she can spend eternity with her true loves while her disappointed husband watches from afar. After hearing about her secret love affair with the Valentinos, James gets his revenge by trapping the couple in the sealed hallways of the hotel. This damages her relationship with Natacha, who believes that Elizabeth is the one who trapped her. After discovering what James has done, Elizabeth becomes even more angry and hates him even more. In 1994, she turns Donovan, who was dying of a heroin overdose given to him by Hypodermic Sally. For the last 20 years until the time setting of the series, he has been her partner and paramour, but after meeting Tristan Duffy, she dumps him. She also marries newcomer Will Drake, whom she plans to kill and steal his fortune. In the 70s, she had a relationship with Ramona Royale which lasted until the 90s when Elizabeth shot Ramona's boyfriend, Prophet Moses, in revenge. She is obsessed with fashion and hates betrayal, especially infidelity, which causes her to kill Tristan after he professes his love for Liz Taylor. In spite of her hatred of betrayal, she herself indulges in as many lovers as she wishes. She then reunites with Donovan, but he is crushed a second time after she professes her love for Valentino. After Donovan jealously kills Valentino, he and Elizabeth reunite again. After this reconciliation, Liz and Iris burst into the penthouse shooting at them. Donovan leaps in front of Elizabeth, is shot and dies outside the Hotel Cortez. The Countess is injured in the shooting and helped by Sally, who vows to never leave her. She is then confronted by Ramona, but while attempting to enter the elevator, John appears and shoots her five times and she dies. Her head is placed on the Ten Commandments Killer's "Thou Shall Not Commit Murder" marker but she is resurrected as a ghost and spends eternity with her husband James March. He thanks her for turning him in to the police and forgives her, but Hazel Evers confesses that she is the one who actually turned in March. The Countess begins to cry while realizing that she's living in a personal nightmare: spending the rest of her days with a person she doesn't love. She later appears when Liz announces her battle with prostate cancer, and mercifully slits Liz's throat using her chainmail glove. In the last moments of the season, The Countess is at the bar at 2:25 AM, and meets a guest who says he's awaiting some friends. She comments, "You have a jawline for days" (which she had previously said about Donovan) before the episode ends, revealing that she has found herself a new lover in Donovan's image. For her performance, Gaga won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Miniseries or Television Film and was nominated for the People's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress, the Fangoria Chainsaw Award for Best TV Actress, and the Satellite Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama.
Supporting characters
Hazel Evers (portrayed by Mare Winningham) is the eccentric laundress and maid of Hotel Cortez and loyal servant to James March. She is a ghost who resides in the hotel and cleans up after The Countess and James's murders. She killed herself in the hotel with James when they were found by the police. Her son, Albert, was kidnapped by Gordon Northcott and was a victim of the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders in the 1920s, causing her to become distraught every Halloween. She is not very fond of The Countess, even trying to dissuade Will from marrying her for his own safety. In "She Wants Revenge," it is revealed that she has feelings for James, but her love has been unreciprocated since James fell in love with Elizabeth. In "Battle Royale" it is revealed that Hazel turned James into the police so that they could die together. James is horrified by her confession at a dinner party with The Countess, and he banishes her from his service.
Det. Andrew "Andy" Hahn (portrayed by Richard T. Jones) is John's detective partner who is working with him closely on the case of the Ten Commandments Killer. He is initially skeptical about the idea of the murders being connected to the ten commandments, but later sees the connection. His elationship with John strains due to John's gradual descent into insanity. John later reveals to him that he is the Ten Commandments Killer and kills him, as Andy had been going out for coffee with Alex and thus broke the commandment of not coveting another man's wife.
Scarlett Lowe (portrayed by Shree Crooks and Nicole Lee Tompkins) is the young daughter of John and Alex Lowe, and sister of Holden. After seeing and speaking to Holden at the hotel while visiting her father, she tells her parents. When they don't believe her, she shows them the picture she took with him on her phone, but Holden's face is blurry. Scarlett goes to live with her grandmother when John fires a gun in their house at Bartholomew, but everybody believes he was hallucinating due to John describing it as a "monster." Whilst John and Alex spend time at the hotel, they temporarily abandon her with her grandmother. They later decide to collect her and they plan to begin living as a normal family, but her family return to live in the Cortez deciding it is their true home. For her safety (since she is the only living family member) they decide to send her to a boarding school, where Lachlan is one of her classmates. Following John's death, Scarlett, along with Alex and Holden, visits her father's ghost every year on Devil's Night.
Holden Lowe (portrayed by Lennon Henry) is the young son of John and Alex Lowe, and brother of Scarlett. In 2010, he is abducted at the Santa Monica amusement park by The Countess and is being raised as one of her vampire children. He resides in the hotel until Alex finds him and decides to bring him home. Alex initially fails to understand his new state of being a vampire and his lack of aging until he discovers him feeding on their pet dog. Holden returns to living in the hotel after The Countess turns Alex. Holden is later collected by Alex and John to continue living live as normal in their old house, but again returns to living in the hotel with his family after deciding it is their true home. Following his father's death, his father's ghost visits him and his family every year on Devil's Night.
Tristan Duffy (portrayed by Finn Wittrock) is a male model who appears in the second episode as one of the models in Will Drake's fashion show. He is attracted to The Countess, who infects him with the virus and becomes her new lover. Together, they scheme to kill Will Drake, inherit his money, and live happily. While in Room 64, he is interrupted by James March, who forces him to kill an innocent woman. Later, after killing a man to drink his blood, he joins forces with March. In "Room 33" he falls in love with Liz, and after announcing their love to The Countess, she slits his throat in a rage of jealousy and betrayal, killing him. He then appears in the finale as Liz and Iris attempt to contact his spirit, trapped in the hotel, with the help of Billie Dean Howard. They are unsuccessful, but Tristan's ghost finally appears to Liz after her death, and they can spend eternity together in the hotel.
The Addiction Demon (portrayed by Alexander Ward/Mark Steger) is a demonic creature with no facial features and long black nails who wields a drill-bit instrument that he uses to violently sodomize people. He is a living metaphor for addiction. He is seen torturing addicts to punish them for their addiction, one of them being Gabriel. James vowes to protect Sally from the demon in exchange for her protecting John from danger, thereby allowing James to continue to use him as a proxy for his Ten Commandment Killings.
Minor characters
Gabriel (portrayed by Max Greenfield) is a heroin addict who checks into the hotel to use heroin, and ultimately ends up being victim to The Addiction Demon, who savagely rapes him until Sally stops it and sews him into a mattress. Later, he escapes the mattress and mistakes Claudia for Sally and kills her. He dies in the hospital from complications associated with withdrawal after confessing to the murder to John.
Agnetha (portrayed by Helena Mattsson) is a Swedish tourist who checks into the hotel with her sister Vendela. After discovering a grotesque being sewn into their mattress, Iris traps them in the ballroom and plans to detox their bodies until Sally intervenes. She is successfully detoxed by Iris and the children drink her blood. She later appears as a ghost in the penthouse, and after being given advice to find a purpose, she translates this as encouragement to kill, and she and her sister kill Mr. Wu in his hotel room. Moments later, Alex enlists their help to taunt John out of the hotel. She and Vendela then begin a three-way sexual relationship with Mr. Wu all as ghosts.
Vendela (portrayed by Kamilla Alnes) is a Swedish tourist and sister of Agnetha. When Sally stops her detox, she releases Vendela who attempts to escape, only to be killed moments later by The Countess in the hotel lobby. She later appears as a ghost in the penthouse, and Donovan advises her to find a purpose. After this translating as encouragement to kill, she kills Mr. Wu in his hotel room, moments before Alex enlists them to taunt John out of the hotel. She and Agnetha then begin a three-way sexual relationship with Mr. Wu all as ghosts.
Marcy (portrayed by Christine Estabrook) is the busybody realtor who shows Will Drake the Hotel Cortez. She was the same realtor who showed the Harmons the Murder House in the first season of the series. She reveals that in the time since season one, she's had to put down Hallie, the dog originally owned by the Harmons. She checks into the hotel for a business trip and Rudolph and Natacha kill her and drink her blood. She then resides in the hotel as a ghost, and at Liz and Iris's ghost meeting she asks to not be constantly interrupted in her room by the other ghosts so she can spend eternity reading her erotic novels in peace.
Detective Albano (portrayed by Liana Mendoza) is an LAPD homicide detective.
Lachlan Drake (portrayed by Lyric Lennon) is Will Drake's son who seems to have intimate knowledge about the hotel. The Countess considers him one of her children despite her killing his father. The Countess plans on infecting him so she may remain his legal guardian and inherit everything his dad left him in his will. He is sent away to a private boarding school following his father's death, where Scarlett Lowe is a classmate.
Claudia Bankson (portrayed by Naomi Campbell) is the editor of Vogue and close friend of Will Drake, who is later killed by Gabriel after he mistook her for Sally. She now resides in the hotel as a ghost where she mocks Alex in a bloodied form for her poor fashion sense.
Mrs. Ellison (portrayed by Mädchen Amick) is a West Hollywood anti-vaxxer mother whose son, Max, falls ill with measles. Dr. Alex Lowe is their family doctor and infects Max with the blood virus to save him after Mrs. Ellison is asked if she would like to sign a DNR order. Later, a blood-thirsty Max kills her and her husband and drinks their blood before leaving for school.
Max Ellison (portrayed by Anton Lee Starkman) is Mrs. Ellison's son. In order to save him from dying, Alex injects him with her blood (which is infected with the blood virus) giving the illusion that he is cured. However, at school, he spreads the measles to his entire class and kills five staff members and drinks their blood along with his classmates. He blames an unidentified man for the deaths, while he and his traveling troop of blood-sucking classmates have been responsible for the killings of several people in order to consume their blood. Alex attempts to convince them that they should come back to her to the hotel and become The Countess's children, but they reject her offer. After Kimmy dies, they change their minds and accept, only to end up trapped in the enclosed hallway with Ramona. It is then discovered in the episode "Battle Royale" that he and the rest of his classmates were killed by Ramona with their dead bodies scattered in the enclosed hallway.
Dr. Kohan (portrayed by Roxana Brusso) is the Lowes' family psychiatrist who tries to help them move past losing Holden.
Mr. Samuels (portrayed by David Naughton) is the movie producer who Ramona tried to persuade into casting her into a role. However, she is stopped by The Countess, who instructs Mr. Samuels to leave.
Aileen Wuornos (portrayed by Lily Rabe) is one of the infamous serial killers that Mr. March invites to the annual Devil's Night soirée. She initially flirts with John at the bar, as he mistakes her for somebody in an Aileen Wuornos costume. After going to John's room, she knocks John unconscious and duct tapes him to a chair so she can kill him, similar to the fashion in which she killed her other victims. However, John breaks free and handcuffs her to the sink. She eventually escapes and apologizes to John about that night and continues to flirt with him at the next Devil's Night.
John Wayne Gacy (portrayed by John Carroll Lynch) is one of the infamous serial killers that Mr. March invites to the annual Devil's Night soirée. He annoys James with his nonchalant attitude towards being caught.
Jeffrey Dahmer (portrayed by Seth Gabel) is one of the infamous serial killers that Mr. March invites to the annual Devil's Night soirée. After being subject to mockery for being gay by the rest of the table, James gives him a younger man, who is put into a zombie-like trance, similar to what he did to his victims. Dahmer is mentioned by Constance Langdon in Apocalypse while describing Michael Langdon's behavior.
Richard Ramirez (portrayed by Anthony Ruivivar) is one of the infamous serial killers that Mr. March invited to the annual Devil's Night soirée. Liz gives him an occupied room to break into and kill the Arizona tourists who reside in that room. He kills the husband and chases the wife down the hall, then kills her with the help of Mr. March. Ramirez reappears in 1984, this time played by Zach Villa.
Craig (portrayed by Nico Evers-Swindell) is a wealthy business man who Sally picks up off of the street to give to Mr. March so he can please his ghostly serial killer dinner guests with the joy of stabbing him to death.
Justin (portrayed by Darren Criss) is a Silver Lake hipster who seeks refuge in the hotel from pesky trick-or-treaters. Beginning on arrival, Justin and his girlfriend begin making outrageous demands of Iris, including a hotel room at a discount and luxurious foods that Iris is unable to produce, such as a plate of artisanal cheeses, a full-bodied red wine, an organic, non-GMO, grilled romaine, and pâté. When Iris attempts to explain to that she is unable to fulfill his demands, he angrily scolds her and demands their food. After mocking her and insulting the food, Iris kills him in a fit of rage. His body along with his girlfriend's are thrown down the cadaver chute by Iris and Liz Taylor. His ghost is later seen again in the hotel banging on a door demanding kale.
Bronwyn (portrayed by Jessica Lu) is a Silver Lake hipster who, along with her boyfriend Justin, seeks refuge in the hotel from pesky trick-or-treaters. After making several pesky demands in a rude manner to Iris, and complains about the food in front of her, Iris kills her in a fit of rage. Her body along with Justin's are thrown down the cadaver chute by Iris and Liz Taylor.
Lieutenant (portrayed by Robert Knepper) is the commander and chief of John's department. In "Room Service," he fires John because of his recent troublesome behavior.
Mrs. Pritchard (portrayed by Kristen Ariza) is Max Ellison's teacher who Max kills and feasts on her blood.
Nurse Leena (portrayed by Mouzam Makkar) is the school nurse who takes action to save the school from killing rampage, but is later falls victim to Max and his classmates.
Charles Montgomery (portrayed by Matt Ross) is the drug-addicted abortionist who lived in the Murder House prior to 1926, continues to reside there as a ghost. The Countess turns to him to abort a baby that was fully developed after three weeks. The abortion fails and the baby survives, killing his nurse.
Mr. Wu (portrayed by Charles Melton) is the guest of the hotel who is killed in his room by Vendela and Agnetha after having sex with them. He later comes back as a ghost and agrees to a three-way sexual relationship with them both as ghosts.
Bartholomew is The Countess's only biological child. He was fully developed at three weeks. Worried about what her partner would think, The Countess attempts to have an abortion at the Montgomery Mansion (Murder House) by Charles Montgomery. However, the baby survives the abortion and kills the nurse. He was born infected in 1926, and naturally craves blood. He attacks anyone in sight with the exception of people to whom he shows affection, like his mother and Alex. He is locked in Room 33 in an effort to keep the hotel residents safe.
Dr. Kaplan (portrayed by David Barrera) is the doctor administering John's psychiatric tests.
Rudolph Valentino (portrayed by Finn Wittrock) is the famous silent movie star who was involved in a secret polyamorous relationship with Elizabeth and his ex-wife Natacha Rambova, whom he divorced as a publicity stunt. He supposedly dies in 1925, but in reality, he met F. W. Murnau, who convinced him to leave his current life so he may pursue eternal youth. Murnau infects him with the blood virus and returns to his grave to meet a mourning Countess. He infects both Natacha and The Countess with the blood virus. He is kidnapped and enclosed in a hallway with no rooms by James after becoming jealous that The Countess was affectionate toward him. Will Drake accidentally releases him and Natacha from the hallway, where they kill the construction workers, Marcy, and several guests of the hotel, and then leave. Rudolph and The Countess reunite in "She Wants Revenge," in which The Countess promises they will live together forever again now that she has acquired the hotel and Will Drake's fortune. An angry Donovan confronts Rudolph and shoots him several times, mangling his face.
Natacha Rambova (portrayed by Alexandra Daddario) is the wife of Rudolph Valentino. She had divorced Rudolph in a publicity stunt. She was originally broken up about his death, but found out about his second life prior before The Countess did. She was infected with the same virus and resumed her polyamorous relationship with Rudolph and The Countess. James March, in a fit of jealousy, encloses them in a hallway with no rooms. Will Drake releases them when he opens up the hallway for renovations. They kill the construction workers, Marcy, and several hotel guests before leaving the hotel. After being reunited with The Countess, it is revealed that The Countess only loved her because Rudolph did, but now that their relationship has soured, Rudolph and The Countess plan to leave her. She blames The Countess for locking her away in the hallway, not knowing that it was James who did it. The two get into an argument when Natacha attempts to stab The Countess, but The Countess shoots and kills her.
F. W. Murnau (portrayed by Henrik Rutgersson) is the director of the vampire film Nosferatu that The Countess and Donovan watched in "Checking In." Originally, he said nothing, and just stared at Rudolph at several different stop along his tour. When Rudolph would blink, he would disappear. One night, he wakes up Rudolph and tells him that movies with sound are beginning to bloom, and he will soon find himself no longer as famous as he once was. However, he said that if Rudolph were to fake his death, he would promise him eternal life. When Rudolph agrees, he infects him with the blood virus he had gotten when he was researching vampires for his film, saying that not all vampires were as gruesome as he portrayed in his film and that some were beautiful.
Wren (portrayed by Jessica Belkin) is one of The Countess' abducted children. She was taken from an alcoholic father who would leave her in the car while he got drunk at a bar. After James tells Sally that John must continue working for him as the Ten Commandments Killer, Sally enlists the help of Wren to follow John around in the outside world to keep him safe, since Sally is unable to leave the hotel. Wren is accused by Detective Hahn of committing the Ten Commandment Killings because, at Sally's instructions, she was present at the crime scenes. Wren is then locked away in solitary. John releases her when she promises to lead him to the killer, but when John says he will kill the Ten Commandments Killer, it contradicts her mission to protect him, so she runs out in front of a car and kills herself to protect John from knowing the truth.
Cassie Royale (portrayed by Marla Gibbs) is Ramona Royale's mother. She suffers from cancer, to which she succumbs to in 1992.
Mr. Royale (portrayed by Henry G. Sanders) is Ramona Royale's father. He suffers from Alzheimer's and refuses to go to the hospital. His condition worsens after his wife's death. He is killed by home invaders, but Ramona revives him by infecting him, causing him to become violent, killing both of the intruders when they break in again. Ramona had hoped his condition would regress, but it remains the same. In order to end his suffering, Ramona drowns him in his bathtub.
Douglas Pryor (portrayed by Josh Braaten) is Liz's son who he meets at the hotel to make amends. Liz convinces him to start his own company in Boulder and he asks Liz to rejoin his life.
References
Hotel
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Salato
Salato is a surname.
The Salato surname is generally considered to be of Italian origin. Ancestral records date the surname back many centuries within Italy.
The oldest reference to the surname was a decree to Constantino Salato from Guaimar IV of Salerno dated July 7, 1039.
Notable people with the surname include:
Allesandro Salato, Bishop of Minori from 1498 to 1509
References
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La Motte-Servolex
La Motte-Servolex is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
See also
Communes of the Savoie department
References
INSEE
External links
Official site
Category:Communes of Savoie
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1927 Frankford Yellow Jackets season
The 1927 Frankford Yellow Jackets season was their fourth in the National Football League. The team failed to improve on their previous output of 14–1–2, winning only six league games to finish in seventh place in the league standings.
Schedule
Standings
References
Category:Frankford Yellow Jackets seasons
Frankford Yellow Jackets
Frankford Yellow Jackets
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Hancockia
Hancockia is a genus of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). There is only one known species, Hancockia uniflora, native to eastern Asia (Japan including Ryukyu Islands, Vietnam, Yunnan, Taiwan)
References
External links
Category:Bletiinae
Category:Monotypic Epidendroideae genera
Category:Arethuseae genera
Category:Orchids of Asia
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James Clark
James, Jim, Jimmy or Jamie Clark may refer to:
Crime
James Clark (lynching victim) (died 1926), accused of rape, lynched by a mob of white men
James Lee Clark (1968–2007), convicted killer, executed by the state of Texas
Jim Clark (criminal) (1902–1974), American bank robber and Depression-era outlaw
James Clark (criminal) (1902–1974), Depression-era bank robber known as "Oklahoma Jack"
Entertainment
James Clark (artist) (1858–1943), English painter
James B. Clark (director) (1908–2000), American film and television director
Jim Clark (film editor) (1931–2016), editor of The Killing Fields
Jimmy Clark (tap dancer) (1922–2009), member of the tap dancing duo The Clark Brothers
Politics
U.S.
Champ Clark (James Beauchamp Clark, 1850–1921), Speaker of the US House of Representatives, 1911–1919
James Clark Jr. (1918–2006), Maryland State Senate president
James Clark (Kentucky) (1779–1839), Governor of Kentucky, 1836–1839
James Clark (Pennsylvania politician) (born 1952), Pennsylvania politician
James Clark (Texas politician), see Texas Senate, District 31
James Clark (Minnesota politician) (born 1963), member of the Minnesota House of Representatives
James S. Clark (1921–2000), Alabama politician
James Waddey Clark (1877–?), Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court from 1925 to 1933
James West Clark (1779–1843), North Carolina congressman
Jim Clark (Alaska) (born 1943), former chief of staff to Alaska Governor Frank Murkowski
Elsewhere
James Johnston Clark (1809–1891), Unionist MP for County Londonderry, Ireland
James Lenox-Conyngham Chichester-Clark (1884–1933), MP in Northern Ireland
James Clark (businessman) (1833–1898), mayor of Auckland, New Zealand
James B. Clark (Canadian politician) (1867–1943), from Ontario
James Clark (Ontario politician) (1888–1952), Speaker of the Ontario Legislature, 1939–1943
Jim Clark (Australian politician) (1891–1963), member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
James Chichester-Clark (1923–2002), Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, 1969–1971
James Clark (British diplomat) (born 1963), Ambassador to Luxembourg
Sports
Baseball and cricket
Jim Clark (infielder) (1927–1990), American baseball infielder
Jim Clark (outfielder, born 1887) (1887–1969), American baseball outfielder
Jim Clark (outfielder, born 1947) (1947–2019), American baseball outfielder
James Clark (Australian cricketer) (1871–1941), Australian cricketer
James Clark (New Zealand cricketer) (1910–2003), New Zealand cricketer
Football and rugby
James Clark (American football) (1909–?), American football player
Jim Clark (American football) (1929–2000), American football player
Jim Clark (American football coach) (born, c. 1926), American football coach
Jim Clark (Australian footballer) (1925–2013), in the Victorian Football League
Jimmy Clark (footballer, born 1913) (1913–?), Scottish professional footballer
Jim Clark (Scottish footballer) (1923–1994), Scottish footballer
Jamie Clark (footballer) (born 1976), Scottish soccer coach and former footballer
Jimmy Clark (rugby union) (1908–1979), Australian national rugby union team captain
Jim Clark (rugby league) (fl. 1913–1927), a New Zealand rugby league player
Jamie Clark (rugby league) (born 1987), English rugby league player
Other sports
Jimmy Clark (boxer) (1914–1994), American Olympic boxer
Jimmy Clark (golfer) (1920–2010), American professional golfer
James Clark (sport shooter) (born 1936), American Olympic shooter
Jim Clark (1936–1968), Scottish Formula one world drivers' champion in the 1960s
Jim Clark (rower) (born 1949), British rower
James Clark (shinty) (born 1973), shinty player from Invergarry, Scotland
James Clark (water polo) (born 1991), Australian water polo goalkeeper
James Clark (athlete), marathon runner
Jim Clark (ice hockey) (born 1954), director of scouting for the Ottawa Senators
Other
James Clark (physician in Dominica) (1737–1819), Scottish doctor and plantation owner
Sir James Clark, 1st Baronet (1788–1870), royal physician to Queen Victoria
James Clark (college president) (1812–1892), president of Washington College
James G. Clark (Medal of Honor) (1843–1911), American Civil War soldier
James L. Clark (1883–1969), American natural history scientist
A. James Clark (1927–2015), American construction executive and philanthropist
James H. Clark (born 1944), Internet entrepreneur, founder of Netscape and WebMD
James Clark (programmer) (born 1964), computer programmer
Jim Clark (sheriff) (James Gardner Clark, Jr., 1922–2007), Dallas County, Alabama sheriff
Jamie Rappaport Clark (born 1957/8), president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife
James A. Clark Sr. (1886–1955), judge in Maryland
James Clark (horticulturist) (1825-1890), English potato breeder
See also
James Clarke (disambiguation)
James B. Clark (disambiguation)
Clark (surname)
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Chinese Travel Document
People's Republic of China Travel Document () is a type of travel documents issued by Chinese embassies, consulates, and other foreign offices to Chinese citizens for their international travel to China and other countries. The bearer of the Travel Document is legally defined a Chinese citizen in accordance with the Nationality Law.
Circumstances of use
The Travel Document is issued to Chinese nationals in situations when it is inconvenient or unnecessary to be issued a People's Republic of China passport. Some cases include:
Chinese citizens who lost their passports while having short-term journeys abroad;
Chinese citizens who have soon-to-expire or already expired passports when they are abroad, but are not at the convenience of getting new passports due to the consideration of time needed;
Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of Hong Kong or Macau intending to enter Mainland China directly from other countries without a Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents;
Chinese citizens who are residents of Taiwan intending to enter Mainland China, Hong Kong, or/and Macao without a Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents;
Chinese citizens who are residents of Taiwan intending to visit United Nations offices or countries which do not recognize the passports issued by Taiwan authority as legal travel documents;
Chinese citizens born abroad who legally acquire Chinese citizenship at birth for their international travel back to China.
Application regulations
The applicant shall approach any of the Chinese embassies, consulates, and other foreign offices entrusted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China in person to file the application. The application fee is lowered to USD $18 (or the equivalent local currency) starting from 2019 in accordance with the new fee standard proved by the Ministry of Finance, while it was USD $35 before.
References
Citations
Sources
Chinese foreign ministry
See also
Chinese passport
People's Republic of China passport
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport
Macao Special Administrative Region passport
Travel document
Taiwan passport
Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents
Category:Cross-Strait relations
Category:International travel documents
Category:Identity documents
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Guting District
Guting District () was a district in Taipei, Taiwan, located in the southwestern part of Taipei.
History
The name “Guting” is derived from the ancient place name Ku-ting ().
After Taihoku City was established in 1920, in 1922, the Japanese Colonial Government carried out the . There were 11 in the area of later Guting District: , , , , , , , , , and .
In 1946, the Taiwan Province Administrative Official Public Ministry () made those villages incorporated as Guting District.
In 1990, 16 districts in Taipei City were consolidated into the current 12 districts. Most of Guting District were merged into Zhongzheng District () along with Chengzhong District (), moreover the rest were annexed into Daan District () and Wanhua District ().
Geography
Guting District bordered Chengzhong District () to the north, Daan District () to the east, Shuangyuan District () to the west and Longshan District () to the northwest. The Xindian River () run by its south.
Education and Medical Institutions
Universities and Colleges
National Taiwan University
National Taiwan Normal University
High School
Taipei Municipal Chien Kuo High School
Medical Institutions
Postal Hospital
Women's and Children's Hospital (Fuyou Hospital)
Heping Hospital
Tri-Service General Hospital
Government Institutions
Central Bank of the Republic of China
Ministry of Finance of the Republic of China
Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China
Council of Agriculture of the Republic of China
Taiwan Tobacco and Wine Monopoly Bureau
Bureau of Labor Insurance
Places of Interest
Youth Park
Taipei Botanical Garden
National Museum of History
Taipei City Children's Museum of Transportation
References
Category:1990 disestablishments in Taiwan
Category:Districts of Taipei
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List of golf courses designed by Jack Nicklaus
Following is a list of golf courses designed by Jack Nicklaus and his company Nicklaus Design, one of the largest golf design practices in the world.
In the mid-1960s, Pete Dye initially requested Nicklaus' advice for the design of The Golf Club in suburban Columbus, Ohio. His first design Harbour Town Golf Links, co-credited with Dye, was opened for play in 1969. A subsequent early, yet more prominent design was Muirfield Village Golf Club in Dublin, Ohio which opened in 1974 and has hosted the Memorial Tournament since its inception in 1976. This course has also hosted the 1987 Ryder Cup and the 1998 Solheim Cup matches. For the first few years, all of his projects were co-designs with either Pete Dye or Desmond Muirhead.
Nicklaus is in partnership with his four sons and his son-in-law through their company, Nicklaus Design. The company has designed over 410 courses in 45 countries, over 1% of all the courses in the world. While the majority of Nicklaus-designed courses stand in the United States, a significant presence also occupies Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, and Mexico.
Nicklaus-designed courses
1970s
Grand Geneva Resort, Lake Geneva, WI 1970
John's Island - South Course, Vero Beach, FL 1970
Wabeek Country Club, Bloomfield Hills, MI 1972
Golf Center at Kings Island - Bruin, Mason, OH 1973
Golf Center at Kings Island - Grizzly, Mason, OH 1973
Mayacoo Lakes Country Club, West Palm Beach, FL 1973
New Saint Andrews Golf Club, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan 1973
Muirfield Village Country Club - Dublin, OH 1974
Glen Abbey Golf Course, Oakville, Ontario Canada 1976
La Moraleja Golf Club, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain 1976
Shoal Creek Golf and Country Club, Birmingham, AL 1976
The Australian Golf Club, Rosebery, New South Wales, Australia 1977 (redesign)
The Greenbrier – The Greenbrier Course, White Sulphur Springs, WV 1978 (redesign)
1980s
Bear's Paw Country Club, Naples, FL 1980
Lochinvar Golf Club, Houston, TX 1980
Annandale Golf Club, Madison, MS 1981
Castle Pines Golf Club, Castle Rock, CO 1981
The Club at Morningside, Rancho Mirage, CA 1981
The Hills of Lakeway - The Hills Country Club Course, Austin, TX 1981
Sailfish Point Golf Club, Stuart, FL 1981
Turtle Point Golf Club, Kiawah Island, SC 1981
Bear Creek Golf Club, Murrieta, CA 1982
The Country Club at Muirfield Village, Dublin, OH 1982
Atlanta Country Club, Atlanta, GA 1983 (redesign)
Park Meadows Country Club, Park City, UT 1983
Bear Lakes Country Club, West Palm Beach, FL 1984
Country Club of the Rockies, Edwards, CO 1984
Desert Highlands, Scottsdale, AZ 1984
Elk River Golf Club, Banner Elk, NC 1984
Grand Cypress Golf Club, Orlando, FL 1984
Grand Traverse Resort, Acme, MI 1984
La Paloma Country Club, Tucson, AZ 1984
The Loxahatchee Club, Jupiter, FL 1984
Meridian Golf Club, Englewood, CO 1984
Bear Lakes Country Club - Lakes Course, West Palm Beach, FL 1985
Britannia Golf and Beach Club, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies 1985
St. Andrews Golf Club, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY 1985 (redesign)
The Country Club at Castle Pines, Castle Rock, CO 1986
The Country Club of Louisiana, Baton Rouge, LA 1986
Dallas Athletic Club - Blue Course, Dallas, TX 1986
St. Mellion Hotel Golf & Country Club, Cornwall, England 1986
Valhalla Golf Club, Louisville, KY 1986
Bear Lakes Country Club - Links Course, West Palm Beach, FL 1987
Breckenridge Golf Club, Breckenridge, CO 1987
Country Club of The South, Alpharetta, GA 1987
Daufuskie Island Club & Resort - Melrose Course, Hilton Head Island, SC 1987
Desert Mountain - Cochise, Scottsdale, AZ 1987
Desert Mountain - Renegade, Scottsdale, AZ 1987
PGA West - Private Course, La Quinta, CA 1987
PGA West - Resort Course, La Quinta, CA 1987
English Turn Golf & Country Club, New Orleans, LA 1988
Golf Club Crans-Sur-Sierre, Crans-Sur-Sierre, Valais, Switzerland 1988
Golf Club Gut Altentann, Henndorf, Salzburg, Austria 1988
Grand Cypress Golf Club - New Course, Orlando, FL 1988
Kauai Lagoons - Kiele Course, Lihue, HI 1988
Pawleys Plantation, Pawleys Island, SC 1988
Ptarmigan Country Club, Fort Collins, CO 1988
Richland Country Club, Nashville, TN 1988
Sunny Field Golf Club, Gozenyama, Ibaraki, Japan 1988
Avila Golf & Country Club, Tampa, FL 1989
Dallas Athletic Club - Gold Course, Mesquite, TX 1989
Desert Mountain - Geronimo, Scottsdale, AZ 1989
Eagle Oaks Golf Club, Farmingdale, NJ 1989
Kauai Lagoons - Mokihana Course, Lihue, HI 1989
The Long Bay Club, Longs, SC 1989
National Golf Club, Village of Pinehurst, NC 1989
Sherwood Country Club, Thousand Oaks, CA 1989
Shimonoseki Golden Golf Club, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan 1989
St. Creek Golf Club, Asuke, Aichi, Japan 1989
Sycamore Hills Golf Club, Fort Wayne, IN 1989
Wynstone Golf Club, North Barrington, IL 1989
1990s
Country Club of Landfall, Wilmington, NC 1990
Governors Club, Chapel Hill, NC 1990
Japan Memorial Golf Club, Yakawa-cho, Nara, Japan 1990
Oakmont Golf Club, Yamazoe, Nara, Japan 1990
PGA National, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 1990 (redesign)
TPC of Michigan, Dearborn, MI 1990
Colleton River Plantation Club, Bluffton, SC 1991
Dove Canyon Country Club, Dove Canyon, CA 1991
Hanbury Manor, Ware, Hertfordshire, England 1991
Hokkaido Classic Golf Club, Hayakita, Hokkaido, Japan 1991
Ibis Golf & CC - Heritage, West Palm Beach, FL 1991
Ibis Golf & CC - Legend, West Palm Beach, FL 1991
Legacy Golf Links, Aberdeen, NC 1991
Mission Hills Golf Club - Kanchanaburi, Thamuang, Kanchanaburi, Thailand 1991
Mount Juliet, Thomastown, County Kilkenny, Ireland 1991
Paris International Golf Club, Paris, France 1991
The Club at Nevillewood, Nevillewood, PA 1992
Damai Indah Golf & Country Club, Jakarta, Banten, Indonesia 1992
Glenmoor Country Club, Canton, OH 1992
Great Waters at Reynolds Plantation, Greensboro, GA 1992
Hananomori Golf Club, Ohira, Miyagi, Japan 1992
Huis Ten Bosch Country Club, Seihi, Nagasaki, Japan 1992
Komono Golf Club, Komono, Mie, Japan 1992
Manila Southwoods Golf & Country Club - Legends, Carmona, Cavite, Philippines 1992
Natural Park Ramindra Golf Club, Klongsamwa, Bangkok, Thailand 1992
New Albany Country Club, New Albany, OH 1992
The Challenge at Manele, Lanai City, HI 1993
Chang An Golf & Country Club, Hukou, Hsinchu, Taiwan 1993
Chung Shan Hot Spring Golf Club, Zhongshan City, Guangdong, China 1993
Country Club of the North, Beavercreek, OH 1993
Gleneagles Hotel - The PGA Centenary Course, Auchterarder, Perthshire, Scotland 1993
Golden Bear Golf Club at Indigo Run, Hilton Head Island, SC 1993
Laem Chabang International Country Club, Sriracha, Chonburi, Thailand 1992
Leo Palace Resort Manenggon Hills, Barrigada, GMF, Guam 1993
Manila Southwoods Golf & Country Club - Masters, Carmona, Cavite, Philippines 1993
The Medallion Club, Westerville, OH 1993
Mission Hills Khao Yai Golf Club, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand 1993
Palmilla Golf Club, Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, Mexico 1993
Santa Lucia River Club at Ballantrae, Port St. Lucie, FL 1993
Sendai Minami Golf Club, Shibat-gun, Miyagi-ken, Japan 1993
Springfield Royal Country Club, Cha-Am, Phetchaburi, Thailand 1993
Sungai Long Golf & Country Club, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia 1993
Barrington Golf Club, Aurora, OH 1994
Cabo del Sol - Ocean Course, Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico 1994
Castlewoods Country Club - The Bear, Brandon, MS 1994
Ishioka Golf Club, Ogawa, Ibaraki, Japan 1994
London Golf Club - The Heritage, Ash, Kent, England 1994
London Golf Club - The International Course, Ash, Kent, England 1994
Miramar Linkou Golf & Country Club, Linkou Hsiang, Taipei, Taiwan 1994
Mission Hills Golf Club - World Cup Course, Guanlan Town, Shenzhen, China 1994
Montecastillo Hotel & Golf Resort, Jerez, Cadiz, Spain 1994
The Zenzation, Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand 1994
Borneo Golf & Country Club, Bongawan, Sabah, Malaysia 1995
Bukit Darmo Golf Club, Surabaya, Indonesia 1995
Eagle Bend Golf Club - Championship Course, Big Fork, MT 1995
Emeralda Golf & Country Club - Plantation North Course, Cimanngis, Bogor, Indonesia 1995
La Gorce Country Club, Miami Beach, FL 1995 (redesign)
Le Robinie Golf & Sporting Club, Solbiate Olona, Varese, Italy 1995
Mission Hills Golf Club - Valley Course, Guanlan Town, Shenzhen, China 1995
President Country Club, Tochigi, Tochigi, Japan 1995
Sanyo Golf Club, Okayama, Japan 1995
Tamarin Santana Golf Club, Batam, Riau, Indonesia 1995
Williamsburg National, Williamsburg, VA 1995
Bearpath Golf & Country Club, Eden Prairie, MN 1996
Bukit Barisan Country Club at Medan, Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 1996
Country Club Bosques, Hidalgo, Distrito Federal, Mexico 1996
Desert Mountain - Apache, Scottsdale, AZ 1996
Golf Club at Indigo Run, Hilton Head Island, SC 1996
The Golf Club of Purchase, Purchase, NY 1996
Hammock Creek Golf Club, Palm City, FL 1996
Hertfordshire Golf & Country Club, Hertfordshire, England 1996
Hibiki no Mori Country Club, Kurabuchi, Gunma, Japan 1996
Hualalai Golf Club, Kailua-Kona, HI 1996
Lakelands Golf Club, Robina, Queensland, Australia 1996
Nicklaus North Golf Course, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada 1996
Rokko Kokusai, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan 1996
Ruby Hill Golf Club, Pleasanton, CA 1996
Southshore at Lake Las Vegas, Henderson, NV 1996
Sun Belgravia Golf Club, Nukata, Aichi, Japan 1996
Top of the Rock Golf Course, Ridgedale, MO 1996
Aspen Glen Golf Club, Carbondale, CO 1997
Bintan Lagoon - Seaview Course, Bintan, Riau, Indonesia 1997
Empire Hotel & Country Club, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jerudong, Brunei 1998
Forest Hills Golf & Country Club, Inarawan, Antipolo, Philippines 1997
Golf Platz Gut Larchenhof, Cologne, Germany 1997
Great Bear Golf & Country Club, East Stroudsburg, PA 1997
James Island, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 1997
Legends Golf & Country Resort, Kulai, Johor, Malaysia 1997
Montreux Golf & Country Club, Reno, NV 1997
Old Works Golf Course, Anaconda, MT 1997
Ruitoque Country Club, Bucaramanga, Colombia 1997
Salem Glen Country Club, Clemmons, NC 1997
Spring City Resort, Kunming City, Yunnan, China 1997
Stonewolf Golf Club, Fairview Heights, IL 1997
Suzhou Sunrise Golf Club, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China 1997
Taman Dayu Club, Pandaan, East Java, Indonesia 1997
Arzaga Golf Club, Drugolo di Lonato, Brescia, Italy 1998
The Bear Trace at Cumberland Mountain, Crossville, TN 1998
Carden Park, Cheshire, England 1998
Classic Golf Resort - Basant Lok, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi, India 1998
Grand Haven Golf Club, Palm Coast, FL 1998
J&P Golf Club, Utsonomiya, Tochigi, Japan 1998
Laurel Springs Golf Club, Suwanee, GA 1998
Legends West at Diablo Grande, Patterson, CA 1998
Nanhu Country Club, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 1998
Pecanwood Estate, Hartebeespoort Dam, Guateng, South Africa 1998
Phoenix Park Golf Club, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, South Korea 1998
Reflection Bay Golf Club at Lake Las Vegas, Henderson, NV 1998
Sherwood Hills Golf & Country Club, Trece Martires, Cavite, Philippines 1998
Superstition Mountain Golf & Country Club - Prospector, Superstition Mountain, AZ 1998
Vermont National Country Club, South Burlington, VT 1998
Westlake Golf & Country Club, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 1998
Alabang Country Club, Alabang, Muntinlupa, Philippines 1999
Aliso Viejo Golf Club, Aliso Viejo, CA 1999
Aston Oaks, North Bend, OH 1999
The Bear Trace at Harrison Bay, Harrison, TN 1999
The Bear Trace at Tims Ford, Winchester, TN 1999
Camp John Hay, Bagio, Benguet, Philippines 1999
The Club at Twin Eagles, Naples, FL 1999
Coyote Creek Golf Club - Tournament Course, San Jose, CA 1999
Desert Mountain - Chiricahua, Scottsdale, AZ 1999
El Dorado Golf & Beach Club, San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur, Mexico 1999
Estrella Mountain Ranch Golf Club, Goodyear, AZ 1999
Four Seasons Golf Club Punta Mita, Punta Mita, Nayarit, Mexico, 1999
The Golden Bear Club at Keene's Pointe, Windermere, FL 1999
The Golf Club at Mansion Ridge, Monroe, NY 1999
Grand Bear Golf Course, Saucier, MS 1999
New Capital Golf Club, Yamaoka, Gigu, Japan 1999
Okanagan Golf Club, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada 1999
Palm Island Golf Club, Hui Yang City, Guangdong, China 1999
Palmilla Ocean Nine, San Jose del Cabo, BCS, Mexico 1999
Punta Mita Club de Golf - Pacifico Course, Punta Mita, Nayarit, Mexico 1999
The Roaring Fork Club, Basalt, CO 1999
Rocky Gap Lodge & Golf Resort, Flintstone, MD 1999
Shanghai Links Golf & Country Club, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 1999
Spring Creek Ranch, Collierville, TN 1999
Superstition Mountain Golf & Country Club - Lost Gold, Superstition Mountain, AZ 1999
TPC Snoqualmie Ridge, Snoqualmie, WA 1999
2000s
Achasta Golf Club, Dahlonega, GA 2000
Bear Creek Golf Course at Chandler, Chandler, AZ 2000
The Bear Trace at Chickasaw, Henderson, TN 2000
The Bear's Club, Jupiter, FL 2000
Bear's Paw Japan Country Club, Kouga-gun, Shiga-ken, Japan 2000
The Club at Porto Cima, Lake Ozark, MO 2000
Country Club of Landfall II, Wilmington, NC 2000
Gapyeong Benest Golf Club, Gapyeong-gun, Kyonggi-do, South Korea 2000
Gapyeong Benest Golf Club - Nicklaus Design Course, Gapyeong-gun, Kyonggi-do, South Korea 2000
Heritage Golf & Country Club, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2000
King & Bear Golf Club - St Augustine, FL 2000
Las Campanas - Sunset, Santa Fe, NM 2000
The Ocean Course at Hammock Beach, Palm Coast, FL 2000
Pasadera Country Club, Monterey, CA 2000
Whispering Pines Golf Club, Trinity, TX 2000
Winghaven Country Club, O'Fallon, MO 2000
Bear Creek Golf Course at Chandler - Short Course, Chandler, AZ 2001
Bear Trace at Ross Creek Landing, Clifton, TN 2001
Bear's Best Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 2001
Breckenridge - Elk Nine, Breckenridge, CO 2001
The Club at Carlton Woods, The Woodlands, TX 2001
Coyote Creek Golf Club, Bartonville, IL 2001
Coyote Creek Golf Club - Valley Course, San Jose, CA 2001
Cozumel Country Club, Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Mexico 2001
Ibis Golf & CC - Tradition, West Palm Beach, FL 2001
Mayacama Golf Club, Santa Rosa, CA 2001
Montreux - 3 Holes, Reno, NV 2001
Nicklaus Golf Club at Lionsgate, Overland Park, KS 2001
Olympic Staff Ashikaga Golf Course, Ashikaga, Tochigi, Japan 2001
Pine Valley Golf & Country Club - Golden Bear Course, Beijing, Changping, China 2001
Ross Creek Landing, Clifton, TN 2001
The Summit at Cordillera, Edwards, CO 2001
Vista Vallarta Golf Club, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico 2001
WuYi Fountain Palm Golf Club, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China 2001
Bear's Best Atlanta, Suwanee, GA 2002
Canadas De Santa Fe, Mexico City, C.P., Distrito Federal, Mexico 2002
Cherry Creek Country Club, Denver, CO 2002
Cimarron Hills Country Club, Georgetown, TX 2002
The Club at Hokulia, Kailua Kona, HI 2002
Dalhousie Golf Club, Cape Girardeau, MO 2002
The Hills of Lakeway - The Flintrock Fans Course, Austin, TX 2002
The Club at Hokulia, Kailua-Kona, [[Hawaii (Island)] HI] 2002
Lost Tree Club, North Palm Beach, FL 2002 (redesign)
The Moon Palace Golf Club, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico 2002
Northern Bear Golf Club, Sherwood Park, Alberta, Canada 2002
Pinehills Golf Club, Plymouth, MA 2002
The Reserve at Lake Keowee, Sunset, SC 2002
Reserve Club at Woodside Plantation, Aiken, SC 2002
The Ritz-Carlton Golf Club and Spa, Jupiter, FL 2002
Takaraike Golf Course, Nara, Japan 2002
The Tradition Golf Club, Okazaki-shi, Aichi, Japan 2002
Arabian Ranches, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 2003
The Bear's Club Par 3, Jupiter, FL 2003
Bear Mountain Golf & Country Club, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 2003
The Bull at Pinehurst Farms, Sheboygan Falls, WI 2003
The Club at Longview, Charlotte, NC 2003
Desert Mountain - Outlaw, Scottsdale, AZ 2003
Mayan Palace - Riviera Maya, Riviera Maya, Quintana Roo, Mexico 2003
Pearl Valley Golf Estate & Spa, Franschhoek, Western Cape, South Africa 2003
Royal Palm Yacht & Country Club, Boca Raton, FL 2003
Sagamore Club, Noblesville, IN 2003
Angeles National Golf Club, Sunland, CA 2004
Chapelco Golf & Resort, San Martin de los Andes, Neuquen, Argentina 2004
The Club at Pronghorn, Bend, OR 2004
May River Club, Bluffton, SC 2004
Mission Hills Phuket Golf Resort & Spa, Talang, Phuket, Thailand 2004
Old Greenwood, Truckee, CA 2004
Toscana Country Club, Indian Wells, CA 2004
Traditions Club, Bryan, TX 2004
Tres Marias Residencial Golf Club, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico 2004
Bay Creek, Cape Charles, VA 2005
Bay Point Golf Club, Panama City Beach, FL 2005 (redesign)
Bayside Resort Golf Club, Selbyville, DE 2005
The Bridges Golf & Country Club, Montrose, CO 2005
Champions Retreat Golf Club - Bluffs Course, Augusta, GA 2005
The Cliffs at Walnut Cove, Asheville, NC 2005
Club Polaris Golf Resort, Seoul, South Korea 2005
Escena, Palm Springs, CA 2005
Laguna Del Mar, Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico 2004
Machynys Peninsula Golf Club, Carmarthenshire, Wales 2005
Moon Palace - 3rd Nine, Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico 2005
Olympic Country Club - Lake Tsuburada, Misato-cho, Saitama Prefecture, Japan 2005
Palisades Country Club, Charlotte, NC 2005
Real de Faula, Xeresa, Valencia, Spain 2006
Simola Golf & Country Lodge, Knysna, South Africa 2005
Toscana Country Club - North, Indian Wells, CA 2005
The Broadmoor Golf Club, Colorado Springs, CO 2006
Dismal River Club, Mullen, NE 2006
Polaris World La Torre Golf Resort, Torre Pacheco, Murcia, Spain 2006
North Palm Beach Country Club, North Palm Beach, FL 2006
The Peninsula, Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico 2006
The Peninsula Golf & Country Club, Millsboro, DE 2006
Punta Espada, Punta Cana, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic 2006
Puntiro Golf Club, Mallorca, Spain 2006
Reserve Club at St. James Plantation, Southport, NC 2006
The Retreat Golf & Country Club, Corona, CA 2006
Scarlet Course at Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 2006 (redesign)
Sebonack Golf Club, Southampton, NY 2006
Sherwood Lake Club, Thousand Oaks, CA 2006
St. Francis Links, St. Francis Bay, South Africa 2006
Asturiano Golf Club, Cuautla, Mexico 2007
The Cliffs at Keowee, Sunset, SC 2007
Club Campestre, Cabo San Lucas, Mexico 2007
Cordillera Ranch, Boerne, TX 2006
Cougar Canyon Golf Links, Trinidad, CO 2007
El Valle Golf Resort, Torre Pacheco, Spain 2007
The Kinloch Club/Jack Nicklaus Golf Club New Zealand, Kinloch, Noan Island, New Zealand 2007
La Loma Club de Golf, San Luis Potosí, Mexico 2007
Monte Rei, Faro, Portugal 2007
Moorea Golf Resort, Moorea, French Polynesia 2007
Nordelta, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2007
Oak Valley Resort, Wonju, Kangwan-Do, South Korea 2007
Old Corkscrew, Estero, FL 2007
Pine Valley Golf & Country Club - Nicklaus Course, Beijing, Changping, China 2007
Promontory, The Ranch Club, Park City, UT 2007
Real de Faula II, Benidorm, Valencia, Spain 2007
Sky 72 Golf Club - Ocean Course, Incheon, South Korea 2007
Suzhou Sunrise II, Lumu Town, Suzhou, China 2007
The Tradition Course Ginn Reunion Resort, Reunion, Florida 2007
Villaitama & Villaitama II, Benidorm, Spain 2007
Whispering Oak at Verandah Club, Ft. Myers, FL 2007
Bear Lake Golf Club, Cashiers, NC 2008
Bosque Real, Mexico City, Mexico 2008
The Club at Creighton Farms, Loudoun County, VA 2008
Coyote Springs - The Chase, Clark County, NV 2008
Donneako Country Club, Seogwipo, Jeju Island, South Korea 2008
El Rio Country Club, Guadalajara, Mexico 2008
Hacienda Riquelme Golf Resort, Riquelme, Spain 2008
The Idaho Club, Sandpoint, ID 2008
Killeen Castle Golf Resort, Dunshaughlin, Ireland 2008
Puerto Los Cabos, Punta Gorda, Mexico 2008
Riviera Cancun, Tecera Etapa de Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico 2008
Samanah Country Club, Marrakech, Morocco 2008
Shadow Creek, Beijing, China 2008
Temae Resort, Tahiti, French Polynesia 2008
Tseleevo Golf Polo Club, Moscow, Russia 2008
Yucatan Village & Resort, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico 2008
Bear Mountain Resort - Valley Course, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 2009
Punta Mita Bahia, Punta Mita, Mexico 2009
Red Ledges, Heber City, UT 2009
The Ritz Carlton Golf Club, Dove Mountain, Tucson, AZ 2009
Serengeti Golf and Wildlife Estate, Johannesburg, South Africa 2009
The Club at 12 Oaks, Holly Springs, NC 2009
Twelve Shores Golf Club, Logan, NM 2009
2010s
American Lake Veterans Golf Course, Tacoma, WA 2019
Angel Hill, Chongqing, China 2010
Applecross Country Club, Downingtown, PA 2010
Cao Fei Dian Golf Club, Tangshan City, China 2010
Condado de Alhama I, Torre Pacheco, Spain 2010
Fyre Lake National, Sherrard, IL 2010
Gold Golf Country Club - Pines Course, Senica, Slovakia 2010
Hampton Pointe at New River, Hilton Head, SC 2010
Houghton Golf Club, Johannesburg, South Africa 2010
Jack Nicklaus Golf Club Korea, Songdo City, South Korea 2010
Kingrun Nanshan Golf Club, Chongqing, China 2010
Las Terrazas de La Torre Golf Resort, Torre Pacheco, Spain 2010
Major Series of Putting, Las Vegas, NV 2016
Mar Menor Golf Resort, Torre Pacheco, Spain 2010
Mayan Palace Puerto Penasco II, Puerto Penasco, Mexico 2010
Magnolia Green Golf Club, Moseley, VA 2010
Paradise Ranch Resort, Grants Pass, OR 2010
Pine Valley Executive Course, Beijing, China 2010
Timber Banks Golf Club, Baldwinsville, NY 2010
Westham Golf Club at Magnolia Green, Chesterfield Co., VA 2010
Yeoju Grand CC, Yeoju, Kyunggi-do, South Korea 2010
The Golf Club at Harbor Shores, Benton Harbor, Michigan 2010
Baha Mar, Nassau, Bahamas TBD
Bear Creek at Burrus Ridge, Nashville, TN TBD
Bear's Best Cheongna, Cheongna Golf District, Incheon, South Korea
Beihai II, Beihai, Silver Beach, China TBD
Buenaventura Golf Club, Farallón, Coclé, Panama TBD
Campeche Playa Golf Marina & Spa Resort, Campeche, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico TBD
Cana Bay Golf Club, Punta Cana, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic TBD
Cap Cana Bluffs Course, Punta Cana, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic TBD
Cap Cana - Las Iguanas, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic TBD
Chambord Country Club, Paris, France TBD
Chiba National Golf Club, Chiba, Japan TBD
Chongming Island Golf Club, Chenjia Town, Chongming County, China TBD
Ciputra Hanoi International Golf Club, Hanoi, Vietnam TBD
Collina Tinta, Hurricane, UT TBD
Condado de Alhama II, Torre Pacheco, Spain TBD
Condado de Alhama III, Torre Pacheco, Spain TBD
Coyote Springs, Clark County, NV TBD
Coyote Springs 2nd Clark County, NV TBD
Coyote Springs 3rd Clark County, NV TBD
Cristallago, Lakeport, CA TBD
Dalquharran Castle, South Ayrshire, Scotland TBD
Deqing New Century, Zhejiang Province, China TBD
Dneprovskaya Riviera, Kiev, Ukraine TBD
EnVain SeniorTown, Chuncheon, Kangwan-do, South Korea TBD
Fazenda Serrazul, Fazenda SerrAzul, Brazil TBD
Forest Lakes Country Club, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada TBD
Fusong, Baishan City, Jilin Province, China TBD
Fyre Lake Golf Club, Sherrard, IL 2011
Golden Cub Mini Golf, Jupiter, FL 2019
Grand Phnom Penh Golf Club, Phnom Penh, Cambodia TBD
Grandvista, Maricopa County, AZ TBD
Guacalito Golf Club, Rivas, Nicaragua TBD
Guanacaste Country Club, Liberia, Costa Rica TBD
Guiyang Golf Club, Guiyang, Guangxi, China TBD
Hai Xi International Golf Course, Ma Yang Xi Ecotourism Area, Fujian Province, China TBD
Headwaters Golf Club, Granby, CO TBD
Heawon, Gangwon-Do, South Korea TBD
Hunest Golf Resort, Hong Cheon, Kangnam-do, South Korea TBD
Ibar Golf Club, Dolna Bania, Sofia Region, Bulgaria TBD
Jack Nicklaus Golf Club Anguilla, Anguilla, British West Indies TBD
Jack Nicklaus Golf Club of the Bahamas, Royal Island, Bahamas TBD
Jack Nicklaus Golf Club Patagonia, Bariloche, Argentina TBD
Jack Nicklaus Golf Club St. Lucia, Point Hardy, St. Lucia, British West Indies TBD
Jakarta Golf Club, Jakarta, Indonesia TBD
Jeffrey's Bay, Jeffrey's Bay, South Africa TBD
Jiangsu, Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, China TBD
Jin Hae, JinHae, Kynungsangnam-do, South Korea TBD
Jinhai Lake Resort, Pinggu District, Beijing, China TBD
Kalhaar Blues & Greens Golf Club, Ahmedabad, India 2012
Karibana, Cartagena, Colombia TBD
Kilada Hills, Kilada, Greece TBD
Kingman Arizona, Kingman, AZ TBD
Kobe Country Club, Kobe, Japan TBD
Kuaradé, Luis Correia, Piauí, Brazil TBD
Kunming Country Club, Kumming, China TBD
Limni Golf Resort, Pafos, Cyprus TBD
Long Phuoc Golf Course, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam TBD
Los Canales de plottier Patagonia Golf and Resort, Neuquén, Argentina TBD
Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India TBD
Maya Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates TBD
Mayan Palace - Nuevo Vallarta, Nuevo Vallarta, Mexico TBD
Mayazama, Tulum, Mexico TBD
Meletse, Waterberg, South Africa TBD
Monsaraz, Monsaraz, Portugal TBD
Montecito Country Club, Santa Barbara, California, 2019
Naples Beach Hotel and Golf Resort, Naples, FL 2016
Owl's Nest Resort, Thornton, NH 2018
Palm Hills Golf Club & Resort, Cairo, Egypt TBD
Papua New Guinea, Bootless Bay, New Guinea TBD
Patagonia Virgin, Frutillar, Tenth Region, Chile TBD
Penasco Bay, Puerto Penasco, Mexico TBD
Peninsula Papagayo, Costa Rica TBD
Pielsticker/Raevo, Moscow, Russia TBD
Pilará, Pilar, Argentina TBD
Porto Mariccio, Istrian Peninsula, Republic of Croatia TBD
Potomac Shores Golf Club, Potomac Shores, VA 2014
Punta Gorda, Puerto Los Cabos resort, San José del Cabo, Baja California, Mexico TBD
Queens Gap Golf Club, Lake Lure, NC TBD
Quivira Los Cabos, Cabo San Lucas, BCS, Mexico TBD
The Reserve at Moonlight Basin, Big Sky, MT 2015
Red Ledges Par 3, Heber City, UT, 2016
Rock Creek Golf Club, Gordonville, TX 2011
Rothbury Country Resort, Cessnock, New South Wales, Australia TBD
Royal Maluti, Clarens, Fee State, South Africa TBD
Sabana Falls Golf Course, El Salto, Liberia, Costa Rica TBD
Safisa Palace, Antalya, Turkey TBD
Salamansa Sands, Sao Vicente, Cape Verde TBD
Santa Maria Golf & Country Club, Panama City, Panama TBD
Sanya Resort & Golf Club, Li Race Autonomous County, Hainan Province, China TBD
Seaside Mariana Spa & Golf Resort, Pochomil, Nicaragua TBD
Serra de Santa Clara, Sao Paulo, Brazil TBD
Shin Do Golf Club, Chuncheon, Kangwan-do, South Korea TBD
Sitia Bay, Sitia Bay, Greece TBD
Soto de Mozanaque, Golf La Moraleja, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain TBD
St. Elisabeth Golf Resort, Limassol, Cyprus TBD
St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia TBD
Summit Rock, Horseshoe Bay, TX 2012
Tae Woong Golf Club, Hong Cheon, Kangnam-do, South Korea TBD
Tramore, Waterford, Ireland TBD
Trellis Bay, Tortola, British Virgin Islands TBD
Tripoli Golf Club, Tripoli, Libya TBD
Trump Golf Links Ferry Point, Bronx, NY 2015
Tuscany Hills, Copperopolis, CA TBD
Ullna Golf Club, Roslagsvagen, Akersberga, Sweden TBD
Ury Estate, Stonehaven, Scotland TBD
Valle Del Golf, Cordoba, Argentina TBD
Valley of the Eagles, Elyria, OH 2018
Veracruz Intra, Veracruz, Mexico TBD
Viveros Resort - Las Perlas Panama, Isla Viveros, Archipielago de Las Perlas, Panama TBD
Windrose, Pawling, NY TBD
Wood River Country Club, Wood River, NE United States Coming Spring 2022
Xi'an Golf Club, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province, China TBD
Xiaoshan New Century, Zhejiang Province, China TBD
Yasmine Golf Club, Hammamet, Tunisia TBD
Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico TBD
References
Golf Courses Designed By Jack Nicklaus
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Sedanca
Sedanca may refer to:
Coupe de Ville: A "Sedanca de Ville" — also known as "Coupe de Ville" or "Town Car" — is an automobile with an external or open-topped driver's position and an enclosed compartment for passengers.
Bentley Continental SC 'Sedanca Coupé', a limited edition version of the Bentley Continental T produced in 1999.
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Family Meeting
"Family Meeting" is the 13th (and in subsequent broadcasts, the fourteenth, as it was split in a two-part episode because of its length following the original broadcast) and final episode of the seventh season and the series finale of The Shield. The episode aired on FX on November 25, 2008, and was written by Shawn Ryan and directed by Clark Johnson. The title comes from a line Shane Vendrell (Walton Goggins) calls to his family during the episode.
Plot summary
The episode starts with Vic Mackey meeting Ronnie Gardocki and telling him that Shane didn't show up at the drop off, and that Vic's wife Corinne was arrested. Vic also tells Ronnie (falsely) that ICE Agent Olivia Murray agreed to clear himself, Ronnie, and Corinne once they arrest Beltran. Vic and Ronnie meet with Beltran, who reluctantly agrees to meet with the black board of directors at the exchange. Meanwhile, Dutch Wagenbach tells Corinne about the deal Vic made for full immunity, which causes her to panic. Dutch assures her that they have an idea for keeping her safe from Vic if he finds out what she did to him. At Mara's request, Shane takes Mara and Jackson back to their home, and they plan to leave the next day when the police are busy guarding the president.
Back at the Barn, Claudette Wyms convinces Olivia to put Vic's family in federal witness protection to keep Vic away from them. Olivia says that should be the police department's responsibility but is persuaded when Claudette tells her it would be a good way to punish Vic.
Vic goes to Corinne's house to tell her she is safe. Corinne and the kids start to leave immediately after Vic leaves. Shane shows up to surprise Steve Billings and asks him to deliver a message: Mara shot the woman in self-defense. Shane also says he is willing to turn himself in and testify against Vic and Ronnie, if the police can guarantee immunity for Mara. Shane gives Steve an attorney's card and tells him to contact the attorney.
At the exchange, Beltran doesn't show up and sends his men instead. This angers the black board of directors, as do the sample quantities of drugs and Beltran's representative's revelation that Beltran had been paid $100,000 (half the amount Vic had collected from the black board of directors). The deal is about to go sour, so ICE moves in and arrests everyone. Olivia tells Vic that he is no longer involved and should back off the Beltran case. Vic decides to go after Beltran nonetheless, to honor his deal, and Ronnie backs him up, believing Ronnie has the same deal.
Lloyd Denton shows up at the barn to report his mother Rita missing, and Dutch believes Lloyd killed her. Lloyd says he last saw her the night before, and that she was upset about a fight she had had with Dutch. He claims she left at 3 a.m. to go to Dutch's house.
Dutch tells Claudette about the mysterious hang up calls he got from Rita that made him go to her house the morning before. They believe Lloyd killed his mother and made those calls to implicate Dutch.
Julien and Tina respond to a noise complaint about a rally for Robert Huggins, a local man running for mayor whom they end up arresting for disturbing the peace. Shane calls the attorney and finds out that Claudette is only willing to offer reduced charges for Mara. He then calls Vic for help. Vic refuses to help and tells Shane about the deal he cut with ICE. Shane responds by telling Vic that Corinne was working with the police against Vic, because she didn't want Vic near their children. A skeptical Vic tells Shane that he'll check up on Shane's children when Shane and Mara are in prison, and tell the kids stories about what their parents did. A furious Shane hangs up. Olivia informs Vic that Corinne requested protection from him and that he would no longer be able to see his children.
Back at the Barn, Claudette pulls Dutch off of the Denton case after unis find burnt women's clothing in a trash container at Dutch's house. Robert Huggins makes bail and requests police protection since threats were made against him, but the request is ignored. Billings' attorney meets with Dutch and asks him to change his statement because it hurts, rather than helps Billings' case against the Department.
Shane buys a rose and a toy truck for Mara and Jackson. Vic and Ronnie get Santiago to divulge Beltran's location. Vic suspected Santiago would know where it is, since the Biz Lats probably delivered the drugs rather than Beltran. Vic then calls Olivia to tell her the location, but she refuses to help him.
Huggins interrupts a rally for Aceveda and questions him as a mayoral candidate. Back at the Barn, Billings is unable to get Lloyd to say anything self-incriminating, and all the evidence points to Dutch. Dutch feels guilty for what he believes happened to Rita and asks Claudette for another shot at Lloyd. Claudette refuses and decides to interrogate Lloyd herself. She tells him she's convinced that Dutch may have had something to do with Rita's disappearance.
Back at the rally, Huggins continues to insult Aceveda until Aceveda orders the police escort Huggins out of the building. Billings' attorney convinces Dutch to change his statement to keep Billings safe from the Department's countersuit.
Shane goes back home and runs into a neighbor. He gives the presents he bought to his family. The neighbor calls the police, who go to Shane's house. As soon as they enter, Shane kills himself with a revolver. The police also find Mara and Jackson lying dead on the bed. There is a note next to Shane's body.
Vic calls Aceveda and asks him for help arresting Beltran. Aceveda initially refuses, but agrees after realizing it would be a good PR move for him that could garner more votes.
Vic and Ronnie head to Beltran's hideout and wait for ICE, believing Aceveda will convince them to show up. However, when they feel Beltran is about to leave, they move in alone. As they secure Beltran and his men, the ICE agents arrive. The drugs are found, and Beltran is arrested.
Back at the Barn, Billings thanks Dutch for changing his statement and informs him that he got a good settlement. Dutch later learns from Billings' attorney that all Billings received was back pay for two days of missed work. She gives Dutch her card and tells him to call her some time.
At the warehouse, Aceveda arrives to talk with the press about the drug bust. Olivia tells Ronnie Captain Wyms wants to see him at the Barn (where Vic knows Ronnie will be arrested).
At the Barn, Claudette tells Lloyd that she knows he's a murderer and that he's now a suspect in his mother's disappearance. She also reveals to Dutch that she's dying.
Tina and Julien respond to a call and find that Huggins has been shot. He dies in the ambulance on the way to the hospital.
Vic shows up at the Barn and gets looks of contempt from everyone there. He finds Ronnie crying, and Ronnie informs him about Shane's killing himself and his family.
Claudette asks to speak with Vic in the interrogation room (before Vic can alert Ronnie to his impending arrest) and makes him sit on the suspect's side of the table. She reads to Vic the incomplete note Shane wrote, tells Vic that she hopes he's proud of himself, and shows him pictures of Shane and his family's corpses.
Vic's face twitches, and there is a long silence. He realizes Claudette is watching him from the monitoring room, so he rips out the surveillance camera and, on his way out of the Barn, tells her to bill him for it; she responds: "first payment's due now."
Claudette signals to Dutch, who proceeds to arrest Ronnie. Ronnie is shocked, as Vic had told him they both had full immunity, and becomes furious when he learns of Vic's betrayal. As he is being processed he yells at Vic, asking what about the two of them running together and "protecting the team"? Satisfied that everyone in the Barn has witnessed the exchange and Vic has no supporters left there, Claudette allows Vic to leave.
The next morning, Vic reports to his new job at ICE. He asks Olivia where his family is, but she refuses to tell him. She then breaks the news that he won't be working the streets for ICE. Rather, his job for the next three years is to produce daily reports about gang related activity, and will involve no active investigation on his part; crime data will be provided to him, and he will be required to analyze it and write analysis reports about what the crimes reveal about gangland politics. Vic says this desk job is not what he signed on for, but Olivia warns him he will be prosecuted for all his confessed crimes if he does not comply. Likewise, he'll be prosecuted if he breaches any of the restrictive terms of his employment: notably, Vic must wear a suit and tie, is not allowed to possess any type of weapon within the facility (even his own), and is not to have any direct role in police work, and must submit five typed, 10-page, single-spaced reports per week.
At the Barn, Aceveda tells Claudette there is no truth to rumors that he was involved with Huggins' death. He asks her how she's holding up and tells her they both spent a lot of time in the Captain's office trying to put Vic away. She congratulates Aceveda in advance, for becoming mayor, as in the background footage of the president's visit is played on the television.
Vic returns to ICE and, visibly angry and miserable, is given a tour of his new work environment and a rundown on its rules. A federal agent shows Corinne and her children their new home, and describes the neighborhood (which can be deduced to be Rockford, Illinois, since they have the skeleton of Jane the dinosaur at Burpee Museum of Natural History). He tells them that the home is pretty basic, but Corinne thinks it's fine.
Back at the Barn, the Unis have a small celebration for Tina's one year anniversary, which is soon interrupted by a robbery call on which officers need assistance. Over at ICE, Vic, still visibly angry and now all alone on the floor, places pictures of his children on his desk and one of the entire Strike Team, folded to only show himself and Lem. He smiles when he looks at the picture of Lem. He hears sirens and looks outside the window, where he sees some patrol cars running by. He returns to his desk and sits quietly for a while looking increasingly emotional. Another staffer wheels a mail cart by to drop a stack of reports off at his desk. Finally, the lights go out, he takes his gun out of a lock box, and smiles. He then puts on his jacket and leaves; his destination unknown.
The episode ends with a montage of significant characters and events from the show.
Production notes
This is the only episode for which Shawn Ryan was not present during filming. The 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike had just begun and as a Guild member, Ryan was obliged to take part in the strike.
Shane Vendrell's murder-suicide was not in the first draft script, but after Ryan had heard news of the similar murder-suicide of wrestler Chris Benoit and his family, he wrote it in.
Episode director Clark Johnson appears briefly as the federal agent who introduces Corinne and her children to their new home.
The series finale featured an 80-minute run time as a two-hour series finale. Subsequent airings of this episode are split into two parts, with the first part labelled season 7, episode 13, "Family Meeting, Part I," and the second part was labelled season 7, episode 14, "Family Meeting, Part II".
Reception
The final episode and the final season as a whole received overwhelming praise from many notable critics, with many praising its sense of closure. The episode is often considered one of the best series finales in TV history. Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune said of the finale:Thanks to its insanely talented cast and a terrific script by creator Shawn Ryan, longtime “Shield” fans may find themselves fighting back tears more than once; and finally, this is the most brilliant series finale I’ve ever seen. I will miss this show.
John Kubikek of BuddyTV wrote that the episode "delivered everything fans could've hoped for", remarking that it didn't end in an unsatisfying manner like The Sopranos finale. Writing for The A.V. Club, Steven Hyden gave the episode an "A" rating; he praised the ultimate fate of Vic Mackey, calling it "a stone cold masterstroke: predictable only retrospect, darkly comic, and the only possible fate for a man too clever to get caught and too damned to ever escape his demons", likening him to a castrated bull suffering a fate worse than death.
In 2011, the finale was ranked #20 on the TV Guide Network special, TV's Most Unforgettable Finales. Noted television critic Alan Sepinwall ranked the finale #1 on his list of best series finales, in TV (The Book): Two Experts Pick the Greatest American Shows of All Time. In an entry for the show, Sepinwall opined that without the finale the series would still be great, but the final episode made the it "one for the ages".
Music
The song played during the montage at the end of the episode is "Long Time Ago" by Concrete Blonde.
References
External links
Category:The Shield
Category:American television series finales
Category:2008 American television episodes
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Titanoceros cataxantha
Titanoceros cataxantha is a species of snout moth described by Edward Meyrick in 1884. It is found in Australia.
The larvae feed on Eucalyptus species.
References
Category:Moths described in 1884
Category:Epipaschiinae
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Teeter Plan
The Teeter Plan (first enacted 1949) provides California counties with an optional alternative method for allocating delinquent property tax revenues. Using the accrual method of accounting under the Teeter Plan, counties allocate property tax revenues based on the total amount of property taxes billed, but not yet collected. The Teeter Plan allows counties to finance property tax receipts for local agencies by borrowing money to advance cash to each taxing jurisdiction in an amount equal to the current year's delinquent property taxes. In exchange, the counties receive the penalties and interest on the delinquent taxes when collected. For counties not under the Teeter Plan, interest and penalty are allocated to all
agencies based on their pro rata share of the delinquent property tax. However, the county retains the penalty on delinquent property taxes if the delinquency is cleared up within the same fiscal year.
References
Category:Government of California
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Endornaviridae
Endornaviridae is a family of viruses. Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as natural hosts. There are currently 26 species in this family, divided among 2 genera (Alphaendornavirus and Betaendornavirus).
Taxonomy
Group: dsRNA
Structure
Linear dsRNA genome of about 14 kb to 17.6 kb. A site specific break (nick) is found in the coding strand about 1 to 2 kb from the 5’ terminus.
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded rna virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement.
Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are pollen associated.
References
External links
ICTV Report: Endornaviridae
Viralzone: Endornaviridae
Category:Double-stranded RNA viruses
Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases
Category:Virus families
Category:Riboviria
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Alice Falaiye
Alice Falaiye (born 24 December 1978) is a Canadian long jumper.
She has won gold medals at the 2003 Pan American Games and the 2010 Commonwealth Games. She also competed at the 2001 World Championships without reaching the final. Falaiye never appeared in the Olympics.
Her personal best jump is 6.72 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Baton Rouge.
References
Category:1978 births
Category:Living people
Category:Canadian female long jumpers
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2003 Pan American Games
Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada
Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Category:Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Canada
Category:Black Canadian sportspeople
Category:Black Canadian women
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