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0ae7f626-85b1-4a0d-9480-c0ba1d2e0c64 | Last organ to be affected in putrefaction-a) Prostateb) Uterusc) Kidneyd) Thyroid | ab | ac | bd | cd | 0a | single | Last soft tissue affected in male → Prostate
Last soft tissue affected in female → Uterus
Overall, last tissue affected (both in male & female) →3 Bone | Forensic Medicine | null |
482d038c-4d99-4128-b191-cb8a9f4720b9 | All are true about 'Molluscum contagiosum' , EXCEPT ? | Caused by pox virus. | Commonly seen in HIV and immune compromised subject. | Treated by cryotherapy. | Treated with metronidazole and doxyxycline. | 3d | multi | Molluscum Contagiosum Benign viral infection caused by the poxvirus. Spread by close sexual or nonsexual contact and by autoinoculation Clinical features Presents with a crop of small domed vesicles with central umbilication measuring 1-5 mm in size. Diagnosis Giemsa staining of the discharge (white waxy material) reve... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Genital Tract Infections (Too hot to handle!) |
a2367fbd-03d3-46d5-9f19-f56fc23095f4 | Intramuscular injections are given which quadrant of the buttock | Inferomedial | Superomedial | Superolateral | Superomedial | 2c | single | The buttocks are the preferred site for administration of the intramuscular injection.
The muscles (gluteal) of this area are thick and are utilized frequently in daily activities, thus causing complete absorption of drugs.
To give the injection at the proper site, the gluteal region can be divided into four quadrant... | Pharmacology | null |
e6b80815-52c2-4f67-b73e-c2c58fd04ee5 | Melanin pigmentation in pregnancy is known as | Melasma | Melanoma | Epulis | Melanosis | 0a | single | null | Pathology | null |
46b83bda-58b0-480a-8eea-eaaee1404ba6 | A 63-year-old man becomes febrile and begins expectorating large amounts of mucopurulent sputum. Sputum cultures are positive for Gram-positive diplococci. Which of the following mediators of inflammation provides potent chemotactic factors for the directed migration of inflammatory cells into the alveolar air spaces o... | Bradykinin | Histamine | Myeloperoxidase | N-formylated peptides | 3d | single | Chemotactic factors are substance that stimulalte cellular migration The most potent chemotactic factors for leukocytes at the site of injury are:- Complement proteins (e.g., C5a) Bacterial and mitochondrial products, paicularly low molecular weight N-formylated peptides Products of arachidonic acid metabolism (especia... | Pathology | Chemical mediators in plasma: Kinin system |
115e3890-5181-4e09-9669-2aff536477ad | An 8-year-old child is evaluated by the pediatrician, who notes small cafe-au-lait spots on the child's torso. In addition, on close inspection of the eyes, the presence of Lisch nodules is noted. The patient is eventually diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1. The protein that is mutated in this disorder normally do... | Activates the GTPase activity of Ras | Cleaves cellular proteins during apoptosis | Functions as a cell cycle checkpoint regulator | Promotes angiogenesis | 0a | multi | The normal function of NF1 is to promote the intrinsic GTPase function of the RAS oncogene. Mechanism:- RAS has an intrinsic GTPase activity that is accelerated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which bind to active RAS and augment its GTPase activity by more than 1000-fold, thereby terminating signal transduction.... | Pathology | Genetic Basics Of Carcinogenesis |
1c95bcfc-167a-46bd-9622-4553eeadb70d | False about estrogen action ? | Stimulates secondery sex characters in female | Stimulates osteoclasts | Decreases LDL | Increases blood coagulability | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Stimulates osteoclastsMajor action of estrogen on bone is to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption. Estrogen blocks the action of IL-6, a potent stimulator of osteoclasts.Estrogen also induces apoptosis of osteoclasts.Other three options are correct.Actions of estrogen have been explained in previous s... | Physiology | null |
3d70488e-7db6-419d-b462-a045a25fa000 | Glaucoma drug which is b-1 selectve p-blocker is ? | Timolol | Laevobuno I ol | Caeolol | Betaxolol | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Betaxolol o Among the given options, only betaxolol is 0-1 selective. | Pharmacology | null |
071d22c9-7b7c-4412-aafb-af231173b2ec | A 6-month-old male baby comes with vomiting, lethargy and severe jaundice when weaning was staed with fruit juice. Which of the following enzymes is defective? | Fructokinase | Aldolase A | Aldolase B | Sucrase | 2c | single | The above clinical features on the initiation of fruit juice suggests a disorder of fructose metabolism. Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is due to deficiency of the enzyme Aldolase B. Individuals affected with HFI are asymptomatic until they ingest fructose or sucrose (usually in the form of fruit, fruit juice or... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
62e1536d-542e-4044-9500-17b82ccfbb25 | Esthetic changes occurs after/during RCT: | Decrease translucency. | Increase color chroma. | Increase saturation of color. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
cf73a788-f558-4a74-aecb-a282090595ca | About first order kinetics true statement is: | Clearance remains constant | Fixed amount of the drug is eliminated | Half life increase with dose | Decreased clearance with increasing dose | 0a | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
deeb01ef-b9aa-4153-ac6d-f5d0a77169ac | In which of the following uveitic conditions is it contraindicated to put intraocular lens after cataract extraction | Fuchs heterochromic cyclitis | Juvenile rheumatoid ahritis | Psoriatic ahritis | Reiters syndrome | 1b | single | Inflammatory reaction in children is always serious and if the child is already suffering from uveitis IOL implantations can detoriate the condition Bewafa. REF:Khurana 6th edition page number 205 | Ophthalmology | Lens |
071b822d-0b92-4499-bfa3-710331047cae | A 23-year-old female maid was making a bed in a hotel bedroom. As she straightened the sheet by running her right hand over the surface with her fingers extended, she caught the end of the index finger in a fold. She experienced a sudden, severe pain over the base of the terminal phalanx. Several hours later when the p... | The proper palmar digital branch of the median nerve | The vinculum longa | The insertion of the tendon of the extensor digitorum onto the base of the distal phalanx | The insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon | 2c | single | The contraction of the extensor mechanism produces extension of the distal interphalangeal joint. When it is torn from the distal phalanx, the digit is pulled into flexion by the flexor digitorum profundus. The proper palmar digital branches of the median nerve supply lumbrical muscles and carry sensation from their re... | Anatomy | Upper Extremity |
29b96727-f439-43f6-9548-7a8f68877d53 | After 28 weeks of gestation true is/are : | Viable | > 1000 gm | Type II pneumocytes present | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is a, b and d i.e. Viable: >1000 gm: and Type II pneumocytes present | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6887c803-6a1b-4bb6-80c1-4e4e53c56d79 | The drug used for leishmaniasis treatment | Pyrimethamine | Albendazole | Sodium stibogluconate | Tinidazole | 2c | single | Sodium stibogluconate, is drug of choice in leishmaniasis. Meglumine antimoniate, Pentamidine, Amphotericin B, Miltefosine, Paromomycin are alternative drugs Basic and clinical pharmacology Katzung 13th edition pg 902 | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
07776d87-38b0-4011-87a3-e2a2625981ef | Fencing attitude of the dead bodies is caused by | Coagulation of proteins | Emulsification of fat | Exposure to excess cold | Electric shock | 0a | single | PUGILISTIC ATTITUDE OR BOXING OR FENCING OR DEFENCE ATTITUDE: The posture of the body which has been exposed to great heat is often characteristic. POSITION: the legs are flexed at hips and knees the arms are flexed at the elbow and held in front of the body head slightly extended all fingers are hooked like claws cont... | Forensic Medicine | Thermal injury |
9c0be76a-1fab-45e0-b5d8-40a8ca10029f | All of the following statements are true regarding retinoblastoma, except: | Rb genes play major role in cell cycle regulation | Require deletion of both the Rb genes | Familial variant is autosomal dominant in inheritance | Rb gene is on chromosome 14p13 | 3d | multi | Rb gene Governor of the cell cycle Negative regulator of the G1/S cell cycle transition. Located on 13q14 chromosome. To explain the two patterns of occurrence of retinoblastoma, Knudson proposed "two hit" hypothesis of oncogenesis. Two mutations (hits), involving both alleles of RB at chromosome locus 13q14, are requi... | Pathology | Genetic Basics Of Carcinogenesis |
fb3ae3f0-528b-4644-9f0f-613a2e26209c | Organs first to be injured in blast - | Ear, lung | Kidney, spleen | Pancreas, duodenum | Liver, muscle | 0a | single | The synopsis of forensic medicine & toxicology ; Dr k.s narayan reddy ;28th edition ; pg.no. 138 Tympanic membrane rupture most commonly with hemorrhage in the ear . Blast lung is the other most common injury . | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical injuries |
59f89dec-c0dc-49ca-b63f-fc682ce49129 | Immunoprophylaxis of leprosy is best done by which of the following given choices? | MMR | Killed ICRC bacillus | Plague bacillus | Anthrax bacillus | 1b | single | Maximum work has been done with BCG+ heat killed M. leprae (will be the best answer). In the choices given Cat 2 killed ICRC bacillus is used for Immunoprophylaxis of leprosy. Ref: Park, 20th Edition, Page 286. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
0ddd6de0-cc23-4250-8267-1d7dc8572d74 | A highly ionized drug | Is excreted mainly by kidney | Can carry placental barrier easily | Is well absorbed from intestine | Accumulates in cellular lipids | 0a | single | Ionized molecules cannot cross the biological membranes .therfore they are less likely to be absorbed . Entry of the molecules through blood brain barrier and blood placental barrier is also restricted .these drugs cannot be reabsorbed in the nephron,thus are excreted by the kidney . Refer kDT 7/e p29 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
48d6cd86-ea34-4ea6-aa46-08b15a532a5f | Acute Hepatitis B marker(s) is/ are | HBsAg | HBeAg | Anti HBc | Anti HBs | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
d2e9e0e1-840c-431e-9eb6-22e24898394f | 'Bull-neck' is seen in severe cases of which of the following? | Diphtheria | Tubercular lymphadenitis | Mumps | Goitre | 0a | single | Ans. a. Diphtheria (Ref: Harrison 19/e p978, 18/e p1189-1190)Bull-neck is seen in severe cases of diphtheria.Respiratory DiphtheriaClinical Features:The clinical diagnosis of diphtheria is based on:Constellation of sore throatQAdherent tonsillar, pharyngeal, or nasal pseudomembranous lesionsQLow-grade feverQOccasionall... | Pediatrics | Infection |
5a21e550-4d1a-43ac-943f-0063e0345dfa | Danazol is not used in : | Precocious pubey | Endometrial Ca | Endometriosis | DUB | 1b | single | Endometrial Ca | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f18945f6-c44c-40fc-8d1c-eafcb75594bb | All are transmitted by Soft Tick, except- | KFD | Tularemia | Qfever | Relapsing fever | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tularemia | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b3a6d639-1092-43ae-acda-47bf782268d6 | The given below instrument is used for: | For cutting ribs in spinal surgery | For smoothening of the edges in amputation surgery | Used as nibbler and remove fibrous tissue from non-union site | To hold the hard tissues | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Used as nibbler and remove fibrous tissue from non-union siteRef: Textbook of Orthopedics 4th Ed by John Ebnezar; Page No- 861* It is a Double-action bone nibbler (Rounger). The double- action nibblers are mechanically superior.* Bone nibbler is available in various sizes and with different angle of the nose.#... | Orthopaedics | General |
b9a034a3-0168-4406-8299-64154feb8833 | Deep peroneal nerve supplies? | First web space of foot | Anterolateral aspect of leg | Fourth web space of foot | Lateral aspect of foot | 0a | single | First web space of foot is supplied by deep peroneal nerve while the rest three web spaces are supplied by superficial peroneal nerve. | Anatomy | null |
f4b2c116-e524-4d7a-9769-06a2d9d247b7 | YAG laser is used in the treatment of: | Retinal detachment | Diabetic retinopathy | Open-angle glaucoma | After cataract | 3d | single | Ans. After cataract | Ophthalmology | null |
82145933-24b3-4dd7-9389-52ac9f253b9a | Virus that has increased association with anal was: | HPV | HIV | LMV | EBV | 0a | single | Anal Was Or Condylomata Accumulata HPV forms the etiological basis of: Anal and perianal was, AIN and SCC of the anus Subtypes (16,18,31,33) are associated with a greater risk of progression to dysplasia and malignancy Condylomata accuminata is the MC STD encountered by colorectal surgeons Most frequently observed inn ... | Surgery | G.I.T |
279b1b3c-efe7-446a-a6d5-425370705cce | Main LDL receptors is: | APO-A | APO-B-100 | APOc-100 | APO-100 & APO-E | 1b | single | Ans. (b) APO B 100Ref: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 254* The low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor is a cell- surface protein that plays an important part in the metabolism of cholesterol by mediating the uptake of LDL from plasma into cells.* Although LDL particles bind to the LDL receptor through their apolip... | Biochemistry | Lipids |
8e12dc09-7316-4b24-8723-261543c662d7 | HLA B 27 is not seen in which of the following | Ankylosing spondylitis | Reiter's syndrome | Rheumatoid ahritis | Psoriatic ahritis | 2c | single | Ref Robbins 9/e p215 HLA and diseases, the association of B27 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the strongest. The B27 antigen is present in over 90% of patients with AS as com- pared with the B27 prevalence of 8% in Caucasians in general. A strong but slightly minor association has also been found between B27 and Re... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
7ae9a470-7c33-431b-b432-ee7348e81737 | A 11-year-old patent wearing full-banded orthodontic appliance has inflamed gingiva. The family dentist should | Encourage better oral hygiene | Perform deep scaling and curettage | Perform gingivoplasty after debanding | Ask orthodontist to remove the bands so that healing can occur | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
0bb303d8-557a-418a-9077-eccaff9ef30c | Typical clinical features of Homer's syndrome include all except: | Dilated pupil | Ptosis | Enophthalmos | Nasal stuffiness | 0a | multi | Homer's syndrome is due to interruption of sympathetic fibres and therefore causes meiosis (constriction of pupil). Nasal stuffiness is due to dilatation of blood vessels. | ENT | Facial Nerve And Its Disorders |
48e89586-46c3-4700-b3c2-90f564bf9fad | Which one of the following is not a treatment of gastroesophageal variceal haemorrhage ? | Sclerotherapy | Sengstaken tube | Transjugular intrahepatic poacaval shunt | Gastric freezing | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Gastric freezing | Surgery | null |
62d22aa9-e04e-4f26-ab6b-2d83ed2479b1 | Absolute contraindication for MRI: | Pacemaker | Claustrophobia | Penile prosthesis | Joint replacement | 0a | single | Ans. (a) PacemakerRef: Harrison 19th ed. /440e-tContraindications of MRIAbsolute contraindicationRelative contraindication* Pacemaker* Metallic foreign body in the eye* Deep brain stimulator* Swan-Ganz catheter* Bullets or gunshot pellets* Cerebral aneurysm clips* Cochlear implant* Magnetic dental implants* AAA stent* ... | Radiology | Ultrasonography, CT, and MRI |
5c797ceb-51fe-4380-a5ca-a8b884d0d222 | Which of the following enzyme is inhibited by Aminophylline ? | Monoamine oxidase | Alcohol dehydrogenase | Cytochrome P-450 | Phosphodiesterase | 3d | single | Theophylline is a non selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Inhibition of this enzyme cause elevation of cellular cAMP and cGMP and cause bronchodilation. Other mechanism of action of Aminophylline includes: Antagonises adenosine receptor Increase release of IL 10 which has anti inflammatory effect It prevents the tra... | Pharmacology | null |
5abc90e4-b8fd-4357-aae6-4099eb3d8310 | A patient presented to ENT OPD with complaints of headache and nasal stuffiness. On CT scan Heterogeneous opacification involving multiple sinuses along with Bone erosion (as shown below) was noticed. What would be the most likely diagnosis? | Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis | Chronic Bacterial rhinosinusitis | Allergic Fungal rhinosinusitis | Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis | 2c | multi | Heterogeneous opacification in multiple sinuses with areas of central hypoattenuation is characteristic of AFRS. Erosion of medial wall of right orbit can be clearly seen without any invasion into the orbit as Medial Rectus Muscle can be clearly seen with out distoion. ( compare with Left Side) Areas of increased signa... | ENT | Diseases of Nose and Paranasal Sinuses |
f12ace64-2538-49ea-8132-3493b641f355 | Most characteristic of megaloblastic anemia ? | Target cell | Macrocyte | Microovalocyte | Macroovalocyte | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Macroovalocyte | Pathology | null |
a8fe09e4-ef75-4466-80ee-957b1213785b | Protein synthesis occurs in | Ribosome | Golgi apparatus | Lysosomes | Endosomes | 0a | single | Synthesis of proteins are based on the grnic information present on the DNA which is transcribef into the mRNA nucleotide sequence and then translated to the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain. The mRNA encodes the information,tge tRNA transposthe aminoacids and ribosomes provide the platform for the protein ... | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein |
60c1bc25-7c92-4508-824b-05c52f3fc569 | Psychosurgery is used in | Phobia | Generalized anxiety | OCD | Depression | 2c | single | Psychosurgery can be used in the treatment of OCD that has become intractable and is not responding to other methods of treatment. The best responders are usually those who have significantly associated depression, although pure obsessives also respond. The main benefit is the marked reduction in associated distress an... | Psychiatry | Treatment in psychiatry |
7d016384-20b8-4e8b-a107-32589c7d1168 | Gluteus maximus is inserted on - | Lesser trochanter | Greater trochanter | Spiral line | iliotibial tract | 3d | single | Gluteus maximus
- Origin
Iliac crest
Posterior gluteal line of ileum and area behind and above it
Sacrum
Coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament
- Insertion
Gluteal tuberosity
Iliotibial tract | Anatomy | null |
00464bea-c068-4cdd-a203-22fbb736351b | Amniocentesis is done at what intrauterine age? | 12-Oct | 20-Dec | 20-25 | 25-30 | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) 12-20REF: Current OB./GYN 10th edition chapter 13.Repeat from December 2011 & June 2008Amniocentesis is often performed between 15 and 20 weeks' gestation. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an alternative to amniocentesis. It is performed between 10 and 12 weeks' gestation and can be performed either trans... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis in Obstetrics |
4be59c8a-aa48-4173-a485-721f95e7fd31 | Crossed aphasia means- | Right hemispherical lesion in right handed person | Right hemispherical lesion in left handed person | Left hemispherical lesion in left handed person | Left handed lesion in right handed person | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
df4f3280-2c8f-4a70-a9e2-607fe67cd7d5 | 'Whip-lash' injury is caused due to: AIIMS 06; Karnataka 07; BHU 12; NEET 15 | Fall from a height | Acute hyperextension of the spine | Blow on top to head | Acute hyperflexion of the spine | 1b | multi | Ans. Acute hyperextension of the spine | Forensic Medicine | null |
8cfdd1af-eb0f-4978-b299-42060f5d3ff6 | Splicing is a process of | Activation of protein | Removal of introns | Synthesis of protein | Replication of DNA | 1b | single | Removal of Introns : The primary transcripts are very long ;they have molecular weights more than 10 power of 7.Molecular weight of mature mRNA is about 1-2 x 10 power of 6.This means large poion of hnRNA are cleaved off. The primary transcript contains coding regions (exons)interspersed with non-coding regions (intron... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
f8e1ee0b-e167-44e8-bd63-98169dd86be7 | Supernumerary teeth common location - | Upper incisor | Canine | Molar | Lower incisor | 0a | single | Supernumerary teeth are those which are additional or in excess of the normal number. The most common site is upper incisor. Ref: K.S.Narayan Reddy's synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 29 th edition Chapter 4,page- 59. | Forensic Medicine | Identification |
e15c578c-c586-4a56-8f43-62e97f49b891 | Which one of the following tumors involving the female genital tract has the WORST prognosis? | Dysgerminoma in a 35-year-old | Uterine choriocarcinoma in a 25-year-old with a recent history of molar pregnancy | Granulosa cell tumor in a 40-year-old | Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary in a 45-year- old | 3d | single | Ans. D. Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary in' a 45-year-oldAround 75% of serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary are in an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis.These tumors have a worse prognosis than any of the other tumors listed. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological Disorders in Obs. |
42a5b0f8-da08-457f-872a-99c364b489d0 | Most common site of disc prolapse in lumbar spine is | L2-3 | L3-4 | L4-5 | L5-S1 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., L4-5 Prolapsed intervertebral disc:* Herniation of intervertebral disc is a common cause of combined back pain and sciatica (Pain in back with radiation to lower limb). Prolapsed intervertebral disc is often precipitated by injury, but it may also occur in the absence of any remembered injury.* The si... | Orthopaedics | Spinal Injuries |
f9a7a931-09d6-4393-8d55-42949b233f5f | Painless Breast lump in a young female | Fibroadenoma | Fibroadenosis | Cancer | Mastalgia | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Fibroadenoma(Ref. Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 870)* Fibroadenoma (Breast mouse) is mc in young females, painless and freely mobile with Firm Indian rubbery consistency | Surgery | Breast |
fe70baca-5733-467f-a0cb-669b35bf2d70 | Keratomalacia | Occurs due to Vitamin A deficiency | Relative Benign condition | First feature of Vitamin A deficiency | Also seen in retinitis pigmentosa | 0a | single | Night blindness is a first feature of Vitamin A deficiency and is also a feature of retinitis pigmentosa Refer: Khurana 6th edition page number 468 | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
a49ba38c-2090-4bbe-9d63-bd56e4d74024 | Anticipation is seen in? | Translocation | Chromosome breaking | Trinucleotide - repeat expansion | Mitochondrial mutation | 2c | single | Ans- (c) Trinucleotide - repeat expansionRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /168* Anticipation is a phenomenon where by the symptoms of a genetic disorder become apparent at an earlier age as it is passed to next generation. In most cases, an increased severity of symptoms is also noted.* In triplet nucleotide repeat muta... | Pathology | Cytogenetic Disorders |
4498b3cf-9730-4da6-bbf1-9b5154fbc0b6 | Hearing loss of 65dB, what is the grade of deafness- | Mild | Moderate | Severe | Moderately severe | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Moderately severe o WHO recommended the following classification on the basis of pure tone audiogram.Hearing threshold in better ear (average of 500,1000,2000Hz)Degree of impairment (WHO classification)Ability to understand speech0-25Not significantNo significant difficulty with faint speech2640MildDi... | ENT | Ear |
afad3bfc-429c-47ac-89a9-11c4f2ce5bbb | False about Varicocele is? | Dilated pampiniform plexus veins | More common on right side | Doppler USG is best investigation | Abnormality increases on Valsalva | 1b | multi | Ans BVaricocele - The left testicle is affected much more commonly ([?]85%) than the right. This may be due to the shorter course of the right testicular vein and its oblique insertion into the IVC which creates less backpressure. Isolated right varicoceles are rare and should prompt evaluation for a secondary varicoce... | Radiology | Genito Urinary System |
cec8fbfd-5c22-44a1-bcee-a932e3896429 | All of the following are true about incidence of retinoblastoma except: | Is the most common intraocular tumour of childhood | Occurs in 1 in 14000-34000 live bihs | No sex predisposition | More common in negroes than whites | 3d | multi | Ans. More common in negroes than whites | Ophthalmology | null |
8972a2fc-e874-4d27-ac8a-3b3346b005e1 | The structural proteins are involved in maintaining the shape of a cell or in the formation of matrices in the body. The shape of these protein is: | Globular | Fibrous | Stretch of beads | Planar | 1b | single | Ans. B. FibrousBased on the shape of protein are classified into:Fibrous Protein#Elongated or Needle shaped or long cylindrical or rodlike a Minimum Solubility in water#Regular Secondary Structure#Axial Ratio >10#They are Structural Proteins, e.g. Collagen, Elastin, KeratinGlobular Proteins#Spherical or oval or Spheroi... | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
2e69a244-26c7-439e-83a2-5a1e550a3f46 | A sewage worker presnets to the Emergency depament with fever and jaundice. Laboratory findings reveal an elevated BUN and serum craetinine suggestive of renal failure. Which of the following antibiotics is recommended? | Coctrimaxozole | Erythromycin | Ciprofloxacin | Penicillin G | 3d | single | <p> It is a case of leptospirosis and the drug of choice is penicillin. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:292. <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
c0c80d82-6b8a-453c-9e7f-944003f7f930 | Which of the following is seen in iridodialysis: September 2009 | Biocular diplopia | Degenerative condition | Iris is torn away from its ciliary attachment | Normal pupil | 2c | single | Ans. C: Iris is torn away from its ciliary attachment In iridodialysis there is rupture of the iris at its iris root and it frequently occurs following blunt trauma or penetrating injuries to the globe. Clinical features: A. Symptoms: Minimal with small iridodialyses With larger iridodyalises, patients may experience d... | Ophthalmology | null |
44f4aa0b-21a2-4b26-9801-20593f9b3893 | Hernia not related to abdominal wall:- | Amyand's hernia | Richter's hernia | Little's hernia | Peterson hernia | 3d | multi | Amyand's hernia - content is appendix Little's hernia - content is Meckel's diveiculum Richter's hernia - Herniation of pa of circumference of bowel - Mimics acute gastro enteritis Peterson hernia - Type of internal hernia - Hernia behind Roux - LIMB, After Roux-en-y gastrojejunostomy | Surgery | JIPMER 2019 |
cc0c14a0-269d-4616-97fb-faf9a159926b | Lingual bar is: | Maxillary major connector | Direct retainer | Indirect retainer | None of the above | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
b379aa86-a5f0-4ce4-8585-7df217c612d4 | Which among the following causes staining of burnt area | Sulfamylon | Povidone iodine | Silver nitrate | Mafenide | 2c | single | Silver nitrate causes staining of burnt area. | Surgery | null |
e38361f7-417a-4e72-b6c5-dac78df8b09e | Most common type of emphysema is- | Centriacinar | Obstructed | Distalacinar | Panacinar | 0a | single | Ans. is A Centriacinar Types of emphysema 1) Centriacinar (centrilobular) emphysema o Centriacinar emphysema is the most common type of emphysema seen clinically. It is chracterized by involvement of respiratory bronchioles, i.e. central (proximal) part of the acinus. Occurs predominantly in heavy smokers and usually c... | Pathology | Obstructive Lung Diseases |
2311efff-2902-4915-b252-0344041bf077 | Egg yields about ________K cal of energy - | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 2c | single | <p> EGG Contain all the nutrients except carbohydrates and vitamin C. An egg weighing 60g contains 6g of protein, 6g of fat , 30 mg of calcium and 1.5 mg of iron, and supplies about 70 kcal of energy. Egg proteins have all the nine essential aminoacids needed by body in right propoions. Egg protein is the standard agai... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
aa26906f-4243-46fa-b7f4-1d6c9b6dc2a9 | In ca ovary inguinal lymph nodes are involved in stage | Stage II | Stage III a | Stage IIIc | Stage IVb | 3d | single | FIGO revised the staging of carcinoma ovary in January 2014 and according to the new staging inguinal LN involvement is stage IV b. | Unknown | null |
e330d0c7-278b-4cfc-ab77-8528947d02ef | Which of the following is calcivirus? | HEV | HBV | HCV | HAV | 0a | single | Ans. (a) HEV According to Ananthanarayan 9/e, p 550 "HEV has been classified in genus hepesvirus under family calciviridae." But according to Harrison 18/e 2543 "HEV although resembling calicivirus is sufficiently distinct from any known agent to merit a new classification of its own as a unique genus; Hepevirus with i... | Microbiology | null |
90d55422-6805-4138-8797-a067a745729b | A 54-year-old man is brought to the emergency after experiencing several syncopal episodes. The patient states that he is currently taking erythromycin for treatment of bronchitis and another medication for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). If an electrocardiogram reveals torsades de pointes, the pat... | Cisapride | Famotidine | Lansoprazole | Metoclopramide | 0a | single | This question is about an impoant drug interaction occurring between erythromycin and cisapride (used for gastroesophageal reflux disease- GERD). Serious cardiac arrhythmias, including torsades de pointes, QT interval prolongation, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation, have been repoed in patients taki... | Pharmacology | null |
a2c6d442-01c4-4961-b88e-fb2ee891405e | Critical temperature of oxygen is? | 20 | 118 | 36.5 | 400C | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., -118 | Anaesthesia | null |
863ce436-7513-470c-8b4e-bb4f4e9f5708 | Cause of U/L secretory otitis media in an adult is - | CSOM | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Mastoiditis | Foreign body of external ear | 1b | single | Unilateral serous otitis media in an adult should always raise the suspicion of a benign / malignant tumor of nasopharynx
“In adults presenting with a unilateral middle ear effusion the possibility of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma should be considered”.
Ref. Dhingra 5/e, p 72, 6/e, p 251; Current Laryngology 2/e, p 659 | ENT | null |
e4ba25b1-2be8-4d30-b095-c3ddc931cc4c | A 26 year old third_gravida mother delivered a male baby weighing 4-2 kg at 37 weeks of gestation through an emergency caesarean section, for obstructed labour. The child developed respiratory distress one hour after bih. He was kept nil per orally (NPO) and given intravenous fluids. He maintained oxygen saturation on ... | Transient tachypnea of the newborn | Meconium aspiration syndrome | Persistent fetal circulation | Hyaline membrane disease | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Transient tachypnea of newborn o Respiratory distress, which resolves within 24 hours without any respiratory suppo and fluid in interlobar fissure on chest X-ray suggest the diagnosis of TTN. | Pediatrics | null |
359f22bf-fbd2-4397-8aa1-66b48b707ab6 | Five-day self subsiding pain is diagnostic of - | Anal fissure | Fistul-in-ano | Thrombosed external hemorrhoids | Thrombosed internal hemorrhoids | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
51918895-86df-47fc-93cc-07dc4f70cf86 | Vagal stimulation of hea causes? (irrelevant to pharmacology) | Increased hea rate | Increased RR interval in ECG | Increased cardiac output | Increased force of contraction | 1b | single | Increased RR interval is seen in ECG on vagal stimulation. Normal values for waves and intervals are as follows: RR interval: 0.6-1.2 seconds. P wave: 80 milliseconds. ... QT interval: 420 milliseconds or less if the hea rate is 60 beats per minute (bpm) Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
c30fb439-41ee-41f0-9afa-ebf6c59fd1a6 | A patient of CSOM has choleastatoma and presents with vertigo. Treatment of choice would be - | Antibiotics and labyrinthine sedative | Myringoplasty | Immediate mastoid exploration | Labyrinthectomy | 2c | single | The patient is presenting with CSOM and vertigo which means cholesteatoma has led to fistula formation involving semicircular canals which in turn has caused vertigo. So the management is immediate mastoid exploration to remove the cholesteatoma. | ENT | null |
2de5f736-1fad-496b-95b4-3bab1e062206 | Metabolically most active layer of cornea is: | Endothelium | Stroma | Descemet's membrane | Epithelium | 3d | multi | Ans. Epithelium | Ophthalmology | null |
c4cb3b32-9f33-4805-a082-60b973cb93f3 | Octreotide is used in all except: | Insulinoma | Glucagonoma | Glioma | Carcinoids | 2c | multi | Ans. c. GliomaOctreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin and its pharmacological actions are similar to somatostatin, used in insulinoma, glucagonoma and carcinoid tumors but not in glioma."Somatostatin is a hypothalamic peptide that regulates the function of several endocrine and exocrine glands.Somatostatin a... | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
4272d3d3-fa0b-4062-a778-259c34e3ba3d | The periodontal pocket principally contains | Living and degenerated leucocytes | Microorganisms, their products and debris | Gingival fluids and salivary mucin | Desquamated epithelial cells | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
e48f5735-1d19-4692-a97a-1146afed10b9 | Sensitivity means the ability to detect - | True negative | True positive | False negative | False positive | 1b | multi | For easy to remember :
Sensitivity → "I know my patient has the disease. What is the chance that the test will show that my patient has it".
Specificity → "I know my patient doesn't have the disease. What is the chance that the test will show that my patient doesn't have it". | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7e7bbed8-5541-4413-be69-f57d069f422a | The following deformity is seen characteristically in | Osteoahiritis | Rheumatoid ahiritis | Ankylosing spondylitis | Psoriatric ahiritis | 1b | multi | Deformities of Rheumatoid ahritis Swan-neck deformity: flexion posture of the DIP and hyperextension posture of the PIP joints. Buttonhole or Boutonniere Deformity: PIP in flexion, DIP in hyperextension. Wind sweep deformity: hallux valgus on one side & hallux varus on another side- produce deformity which is parallel ... | Orthopaedics | All India exam |
80073c6e-5af6-42c0-894f-d4530305f982 | Alpha feto protein is elevated in what percentage of children with hepatoblastoma: | 10% | 50% | 90% | 100% | 2c | single | Most liver function test results are normal. Alpha-fetoprotein levels are increased in 90% of children with hepatoblastomas but are elevated much less commonly in children with other liver malignancies. Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th edition, chapter 39. | Surgery | null |
22794b57-95eb-4390-afea-f3491a4e9a91 | All of the following statements about Phenytoin are true, Except: | Follows saturation kinetics | Is teratogenic | Is highly protein bound | Stimulates Insulin secretion | 3d | multi | Phenytoin inhibits the release of insulin and cause hyperglycemia. Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology By KD Tripathi, 5th Edition, Page 372, 373. | Pharmacology | null |
8d2df97c-8957-4663-aa35-db5f27a7103c | A 72-year-old man is newly diagnosed with bullous pemphigoid. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management? | plasmapheresis | low-dose prednisone (10-20 mg/day) | high-dose prednisone (50-100 mg/day) | azathioprine (150 mg/day) | 2c | multi | Severe cases require systemic steroids, often with the addition of azathioprine. Dapsone is useful in mild cases, and occasionally in very mild cases (or for local recurrences) topical glucocorticoid therapy will suffice. | Medicine | Skin |
2887fff7-b273-44d5-b569-d57636acc1bb | Phantom limp sensation are best described by | Weber Fechner law | Power law | Bell-Magendie law | Law of projection | 3d | single | Ans. (d) Law of projection(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.171)Law of projection:This law states that "No matter where a particular sensory pathway is stimulated along its course to the cortex, the conscious sensation produced is referred to the location of the receptor"This law explains phantom pain wherein Some of these patie... | Physiology | Nervous System |
3c64c493-7bd7-4f55-a87f-f6a416ca58c9 | Fusion inhibitor is- | Enfuvirtide | Ritonavir | Efavirenz | Didanosine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Enfuvirtide New drugs in HIV infection o Etravirine is recently approved NNRTI. This is the second generation NNRTI and is effective against HIV resistant to first generation NNRTI (Efavirenz, Delavirdine. Nevirapine). Fusion inhibitors (Entry inhibitors) o Enfuvirtide binds to Gp41 subunit of HIV env... | Unknown | null |
98a1d642-fe07-4eab-9878-927f41499308 | Complication of Rheumatoid arthritis of condyle is | Fibrous ankylosis | Subluxation | Dislocation | None of above | 0a | multi | null | Pathology | null |
8da3e39f-7fe3-45b8-931a-9f9e035e846b | All of the following are Water Borne Diseases except ? | Scabies | Salmonella | Cholera | Hepatitis - A | 0a | multi | Public Health Classification of Water Borne Diseases: Water borne diseases - Illnesses caused by micro-organisms, d/t drinking of untreated or contaminated water Typhoid Cholera Hepatitis- A E.coli Salmonella Water washed diseases - Infections that are caused by poor personal hygiene resulting from inadequate water ava... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Water |
b0a19de2-f676-4ad3-a279-7b4ad27fbd55 | ADH is released from: March 2013 | Anterior pituitary | Posterior pituitary | Hypothalamus | Intermediate pituitary | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Posterior pituitaryArginine vasopressin (AVP)/Vasopressin/Argipressin/Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)It is a neurohypophysial hormone.It is derived from a preprohormone precursor that is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in vesicles at theposterior pituitary.Its two primary functions are to retain water... | Physiology | null |
3720c5c5-f7c6-4820-bbd6-8583ce7ceaa1 | Case control study is- | Prospective | Retrospective | Cross sectional | None of the above | 1b | multi | .<p>case control studies are usually retrospective studies that proceed from an effect to a cause.</p><p>ref:park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,22 nd edition ,pg no 131</p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
0ee68dcf-42a7-4c5f-9b24-e86776afec5f | Cystitis is most commonly caused by | E. coli | Pseudomonas | Proteus mirabilis | Neisseria gonorrhea | 0a | single | (E. coli): Ref: 173-S* The organisms found in urine in cystitis are the E. coli, streptococci, staphylococci and B. proteus, the tubercle bacillus, and occasionally pseudomonas pyocyanea, Gonococcal cystitis is relatively rare, and almost invariably follows instrumentation.* The organism which is found most frequently ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
5bc91493-e1f5-4919-8b64-1933fa23a5fa | The facial muscle responsible for frowning: | Zygomaticus major | Corrugator supercilii and procerus | Dilator naris and depressor septi | Depressor anguli oris | 1b | single | null | Anatomy | null |
bdac0e9e-9d4e-49aa-90bf-2c1554e13c9f | Inversion & Eversion of foot occurs at which joint? | Subtalar joint | Tibiotalar joint | Inferior tibiofibular joint | Tarso-metatarsal joint | 0a | single | #NAME? | Anatomy | Bones and Joints |
1d509422-d76b-46a0-a43d-875b932f738d | The head quaers of UNESCO is located in | New Delhi | Geneva | Paris | New York | 2c | single | The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO is a specialized agency of the United nations (UN) based in Paris , France. Its declared purpose is to contribute to promoting international collaboration in education, sciences, and culture in order to increase universal respect for justice, ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | All India exam |
83af0f7b-253a-4e27-8754-0685707c6ea1 | A young pregnant mother at 32 weeks gestation presents in preterm labor. Antenatal steroid to induce fetal lung maturity is indicated in all of the following conditions, EXCEPT: | Prolonged rupture of membranes for more than 24 hrs | Pregnancy induced hypeension | Diabetes mellitus | Chorioamnionitis | 3d | multi | Patient in the clinical scenario is in preterm labour. For patients in 32 weeks of gestation, steroids are given to induce lung maturity. But if the patient is having chorioamnionitis, steroids are contraindicated, as steroids can accelerate the infection. Chorioamnionitis can be diagnosed clinically by the presence of... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
444b4571-c88a-447e-b066-4103d7fea143 | Trochlear nerve all true except | Longest intracranial course | Arises from dorsum of brainstem | Supplies ipsilateral superior oblique muscles | Enter orbit though sup orbital fissure outside annulus of Zinn. | 2c | multi | Trochlear nerve is thinnest nerve. It is the only nerve to emerge from dorsum of brain stem has longest intracranial course. It enters orbit through outer part of superior orbital fissure (ie lateral to annulus of Zinn) and supplies superior oblique muscle. Because it's a crossed cranial nerve (with decussation in mid ... | Anatomy | null |
7655f703-3028-4ffb-8da9-c37bf1aeed4d | Gardener&;s syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder involving the colon. It is characterized by | Polyposis colon, Cancer thyroid, skin tumours | Polyposis is jejunum, pituaitary adenoma and skin tumours | Polyposis colon, osteomas, epidermal inclusion cysts and fibrous tumours in the skin | Polyposis of gastrointestinal tract, cholangiocarcinoma and skin tumours | 2c | single | .GARDNER'S SYNDROME * It is commonly associated with FAP - 10%. * Presents with bone, skin, soft tissue and dental abnormalities. Jaw osteomas are very common. Other features are epidermoid cysts (50%), exostoses, fibromas, lipomas. * Associated with desmoid tumours seen in the scar, abdomen, intraabdominal region and ... | Surgery | G.I.T |
734a8e8e-f6e2-44b2-aacd-5d0e8e69a926 | Surgical alteration or suturing of gunshot wounds may create problems in distinguishing entry from exit. This is called as: AIIMS 13 | Formication phenomenon | Gordon phenomenon | Cookie cutter phenomenon | Kennedy phenomenon | 3d | multi | Ans. Kennedy phenomenon | Forensic Medicine | null |
235b711f-50d6-4ebe-bc77-15f5ebf19b58 | Treatment of choice for annular pancrease is | Division of pancreas | Duodenoduodenostomy | Duodenojejunostomy | Roux-en-Y loop | 1b | single | Pancreatic ring surrounds the second or third pa of duodenum. The usual treatment is duodenoduodenostomy. Bailey & Love ,26th,1125 | Surgery | G.I.T |
313427b1-7ec6-437b-9fd4-b4cc5a70972a | An old lady was brought to the ER in an unconscious state. She has a history of previous such attacks in the past months. An ECG was done and the graph obtained is given below. Which of the following is most probable cause? | PSVT | Atrial flutter | Ventricular bigeminy | 2 :1 block | 3d | single | Ans. D. 2:1 blockElectrocardiography and Electrophysiology of AV conduction blockAV conduction block typically is diagnosed electrocardiographically, which characterizes the severity of the conduction disturbances and allows one to draw inferences about the location of the block. AV conduction block manifests as slow c... | Medicine | C.V.S. |
bddcce3a-b518-403c-aad1-7255451bc2be | Syndrome of apparent mineralocoicoid excess is due to? | Increased aldosterone production | Lack of inactivation of aldosterone | Increased coisol production | Lack of Inactivation of coisol to coisone | 3d | single | Coisol can stimulate mineralocoicoid receptors. But renal inactivation of coisol occurs to form coisone and thereby BP remains normal. SAME (Syndrome of Apparent Mineralocoicoid Excess) leads to lack of this inactivation. The resultant increase in coisol leads to excess activation of mineralocoicoid receptor and result... | Medicine | Disorders of Adrenal Gland |
cd7841f9-7f5e-484e-bb4f-95d249a1c5e9 | First sign of compament syndrome is ? | Pain | Tingling | Loss of pulse | Loss of movement | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pain Clinical features of compament syndrome Four signs are reliable in diagnosing a compament syndrome :- Paresthesia or hypesthesia in nerves traversing the compament Pain with passive stretching of the involved muscles (stretch pain) Pain with active flexion of the muscles Tenderness over the compa... | Surgery | null |
8b726796-16b2-4778-9185-89e74f04bf8b | Apa from T & B lymphocytes, the other class of lymphocytes is - | Macrophages | Astrocytes | NK cells | Langerhans cells | 2c | single | Lymphocytes include natural killer cells (NK cells) (which function in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity), T cells (for cell-mediated, cytotoxic adaptive immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). Reff: Ananthanarayanan & panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:132 | Microbiology | Immunology |
5d63da57-3ddf-46da-b984-556b7d0627ac | Damage to median nerv e produces - | Claw hand | Winging ofscapule | Ape thumb | Wrist drop | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ape thumbDeformity' or disorderNerve involvedo Wrist dropo Radial nerveo Foot dropo Common peroneal nerve (Lateral popliteal)o Claw hand (complete)o Ulnar + Median nerveo Ulnar claw hando Ulnar nerveo Ape thumb deformityo Median nerveo Pointing indexo Median nerveo Policeman tip deformity'o Erb's Pals... | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries |
1595eb3e-d189-4dec-b037-d6ddea724c48 | A 31-year-old patient complains of sensory loss over the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medial third of the hand and the medial one and one-half fingers. He is diagnosed by a physician as having "funny bone" symptoms. Which of the following nerves is injured? | Axillary | Radial | Median | Ulnar | 3d | single | Ulnar nerve supplies sensory fibers to the skin over the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the medial third of the hand and the medial one and one-half fingers. Funny bone sensation is irritation of a nerve at the elbow that causes numbness and tingling of the inner elbow, forearm as well as little and ring fingers Median ... | Anatomy | Nerve supply, Nerve Lesions |
2ca21986-5f8c-4ba9-93ce-bf2b8df85882 | A 6 year old female patient complains of pain due to a decayed lower right 2nd molar. She has a history of unpleasant dental extraction with the lower left second molar. On seeing the dentist, the child immediately cries and withdraws. Which theory of child psychology best explains the reaction of the patient? | Operant conditioning by Skinner (1938) | Classical conditioning by Pavlov (1972) | Classical conditioning by Pavlov (1927) | Operant conditioning by Skinner (1952) | 2c | single | Classical conditioning (1927) occurs readily with young children and can have a considerable impact on a young child's behavior on the first visit to a dental office. By the time a child is brought for the first visit to a dentist, even if that visit is at an early age, it is highly likely that he or she will have had ... | Dental | null |
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