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135
8c520c33-c15c-4261-8ac3-3a26d8e01bfc
A 24-year-old accountant complains of a white discharge from his breasts. He is most likely experiencing which one of the following?
A tumor of the posterior pituitary that could be surgically removed
Excessive production of OT in the hypothalamus
Deficient testosterone receptors in the mammary glands
A prolactinoma that would decrease its secretory activity in response to bromocriptine (an analog of dopamine)
3d
multi
The accountant has galactorrhea (inappropriate production of milk) caused by a prolactinoma (a tumor of the anterior pituitary that secretes PRL). Dopamine, the major regulator of PRL secretion, inhibits PRL production and release by the anterior pituitary. Bromocriptine is a drug that acts like dopamine to inhibit PRL...
Biochemistry
Endocrinology
06c1eb6f-b385-44ec-bbf0-21ec594a095d
Which of the following are supratentorial tumors?
Craniopharyngioma
Medulloblastoma
Astrocytoma
Ependymoma
0a
single
Ans. A. CraniopharyngiomaTumors arising from the brain are common in children. Certain genetic syndromes and familial factors increase the risk of occurrence of brain tumors. Over 2/3 of brain tumors in children are infratentorial. They can be classified as:* Cerebellar Tumors: Medulloblastoma, Astrocytoma* Brainstem T...
Pediatrics
Childhood Tumors
7e3d608a-fd80-4ca9-bc55-873d961d55c6
All are actions of coisol on the skin and connective tissue except
Antiproliferative for fibroblasts
Antiproliferative for keratinocytes
Loss of collagen
Hyperpigmentation
3d
multi
It is antiproliferative for fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Glucocoicoids in excess inhibit fibroblasts, lead to loss of collagen and connective tissue, and thus result in thinning of the skin, easy bruising, stria formation, and poor wound healing. Hyperpigmentation is a direct effect of ACTH on melanocoin 1 receptors.
Physiology
Endocrinology
f2ae21f4-7c6c-4831-aa59-81123a0e86e4
Lipoma becomes malignant commonly at which site:
Subcutaneous
Sub-aponeurotic
Retroperitoneal
Intermuscular
2c
single
RETROPERITONEAL LIPOMA These swellings sometimes reach an immense size Retroperitoneal lipoma is often malignant (liposarcoma) and may increase rapidly in size A retroperitoneal lipoma sometimes undergoes myxomatous degeneration Clinical Features Swelling or indefinite abdominal pain More common in women Diagnosis Diag...
Surgery
Plastic Surgery and Skin Lesions
b0f43e57-e3f6-40a1-a684-10e593e47f23
A 9 month infant presents with a head circumference of 39 cm. All of the following can be the underlying causes EXCEPT?
Edward syndrome
Maternal smoking
Alexander disease
Congenital Toxoplasmosis
2c
multi
Alexander disease- cause of Megalencephaly. Here, a 9 month infant has HC=39cm, so he/she has microcephaly, (Normal head circumference at bih = 33-35 cm) Rate of increase in HC 1st 3 months 2cm/month Next 3 months 1cm/month Next 6 months 0.5cm/month Next 2 years 0.2cm/month Megalencephaly causes:- Benign familial megal...
Pediatrics
Abnormalities of Head Size
a48a15e7-1bb5-417a-a943-25e08552fd6e
. If blood gas analysis reveal pH = 7.52, pCO2=3O; pO2= 105.This will be compensated by?
Compensatory respiratory acidosis
Compensatory respiratory alkalosis
Compensatory metabolic acidosis
Compensatory metabolic alkalosis
2c
single
As a compensatory mechanism, metabolic acidosis leads to alveolar hyperventilation with a fall in PaCO2. Normally, PaCO2 falls by 1-1.3 mm Hg for every 1-mEq/L fall in serum HCO3- concentration, a compensatory response that can occur fairly quickly Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 345
Medicine
Fluid and electrolytes
5f56ffb6-97b2-474b-9110-e76759b1ac88
Corneal lesion seen in Hutchinson triad associated with congenital syphilis is: September 2006
Disciform keratitis
Interstitial keratitis
Phylectenular keratitis
Mooren ulcer
1b
single
Ans. B: Interstitial keratitis Hutchinson's triad is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson. It is a common pattern of presentation for congenital syphilis, and consists of three phenomena: interstitial keratitis, Hutchinson incisors (notching of the two upper central incisors in the permanent dentition), and eighth nerve...
Ophthalmology
null
156c9c50-7769-43bc-812b-c869cef40f98
Chemoprophylaxsis is..................... prevention -
Primordial
Primary
Secondary
Teiary
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Primary
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
c8bed643-6f04-43f0-8bfc-b86552d35ce8
Which of the following is not a cause of hypermetropia: September 2009
Sho axial length of the eyeball
Flat cornea
Increased refractive index of the coex of lens
Anterior dislocation of the lens
3d
multi
Ans. D: Anterior dislocation of the lens Factors responsible for hypermetropia: Sho axial length of the eyeball Curvature hypermetropia commonly occurs as a factor in astigmatism (corneal plana) Index hypermetropia accounts for the hypermetropia of old age due to increased refractive index of the coex of the lens relat...
Ophthalmology
null
07f4bb0a-327e-4771-a8b1-2db15949309d
An eight years old child is suffering from transient synovitis of the hip joint. Which of the following statement is false
May follow upper respiratory tract infection
WBC count and ESR are usually normal.
The hip is typically held in adduction and internal rotation
Widening of joint space will be seen on ultrasound.
2c
multi
Ans. C. The hip is typically held in adduction and internal rotationIn any type of synovitis, the joint will be held in flexion, abduction and external rotation because in this position joint capacity is maximum causing least pain (Minimal stretching of capsule)
Orthopaedics
Miscellaneous
550e9be0-2b76-4f06-b5af-46923c33b94b
Half-life of T3
10 hours
2 day
6 days
10 days
1b
single
Triiodothyronine, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and hea rate. Production of T3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T4) is activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is released from ...
Physiology
Endocrinology
52291eaf-2ced-4051-b033-ad1ecd788e8a
Typhoid oral vaccine is given ?
1, 3, 5 days
1, 2, 3 days
1, 2, 4 days
1, 7, 14 days
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1, 3, 5 days ANTI-TYPHOID VACCINES The old parenteral killed whole-cell vaccine was effective but produced strong side-effects. So, they are not used now. Two safe and effective vaccines are now licensed and available : - 1.The Vi polysachharide vaccine It is composed of purified Vi capsular polysacch...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
f1c82e81-ab79-4bb0-835c-8c6686628a85
Commonest site of lytic lesion in multiple myeloma is:
Veebral column
Femur
Clavicle
Pelvis
0a
single
In multiple myeloma- bone lesions are most common in veebral column. The pain usually involves the back and ribs, and unlike the pain of metastatic carcinoma, which often is worse at night, the pain of myeloma is precipitated by movement. Persistent localized pain in a patient with myeloma usually signifies a pathologi...
Medicine
Lymphoma and Plasma cell disorder
40e51276-aaf1-4cc8-8141-3905da5cbe9b
The length of the feeding tube to be inseed for transpyloric feeding is measured from the tip of
Nose to the umblicus
Ear lobe to the umblicus
Nose to the pelvis
Ear lobe to the pelvis
1b
single
The feeding tube length can be measured by following the normal route for tube i.e. Nasal ala - to ear lobe - to epigastium Since the distance between the nasal ala and ear lobe is almost equal to the distance between the epigastrium and umbilicus, the length can be measured from ear lobe to umbilicus.
Anatomy
General surgery
5101bc72-2325-44e8-8086-ec73130153ed
Difference in expression of gene in the sibling as inherited by the father is termed as:
Mosaicism
Anticipation
Mutation
Replication
0a
single
Difference in expression of gene in the sibling as inherited by the father is termed as mosaicism. It results from a mutation that occurs during embryonic, fetal, or extrauterine development. When mutation occur during from nondisjunction at an early embryonic mitotic division chromosomal mosaicism occurs. Somatic mosa...
Medicine
null
647a6092-baba-4abd-bb16-8723eef4fe1d
Infantile atopic dermatitis commonly involves
Flexors
Extensors
Head & neck
Perianal area
1b
single
Infantile atopic dermatitis (2 months - 2 years): More commonly involves extensors. Childhood atopic dermatitis (2 - 10 years): Commonly involves flexors Adolescent atopic dermatitis (> 10 years): Commonly involves flexors, hand & feet.
Dental
null
63b79c3e-4652-4dcd-b5c8-acc1c922333f
Oligohydroamnios is AFI-
<8cm
<5cm
<2 cm
<1 cm
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., < 5 cm Oligohydramnios1) AFI <5 cm or single largest vertical pocket < 2cm2) Amniotic fluid less than 100 mLEtiologyChromosomal AbnormalitiesUteroplacental Insufficiency* Congenital anomalies (e.g., renal agenesis and posterior urethral valves)* IUGR* Postdatism/postterm pregnancy* PROM* Twin-to-twin ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Carcinoma Ovary
8353de61-7c64-4e09-8c60-54d33ddce638
Thoracic duct opens into:
Subclan vein
Internal jugular vein
Right brachiocephalic vein
Left brachiocephalic vein
3d
single
Thoracic duct is continuation of cysterna chyli. It passes through aoic hiatus beginning at lower border of T12 . At T5 it crosses to left side andopens into the left venous (jugulo-subclan) angle - junction of the left internal jugular and subclan vein, at the beginning of left brachio-cephalic vein.
Anatomy
Thorax- wall and Bronchopulmonary segment
cb9e6fa9-2513-4f16-98d1-72f9dd62edf6
The incidence rates of Clostridium difficile are measured in both hospitals and nursing homes throughout a particular county. Those with low rates of infection were marked as having an effective nosocomial infection prevention strategy, while those with high rates were marked as having an ineffective strategy If the D...
Chi-squared test
One-way analysis of variance
Paired t-test
Pearson correlation
0a
multi
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
b0950f33-a52d-43a5-a3a2-11c02834341e
All of the following are features of splenic rupture on plain X-ra3, abdomen except:
Obliteration of psoas shadow
Obliteration of splenic outline
Obliteration of colonic air hubble
Elevation of left hemidiaphragm
2c
multi
Ans. Obliteration of colonic air hubble
Radiology
null
bafcd3fb-ab46-4f94-b568-842a891aa617
Most common organism implicated in causation of necrotizing fascitis:
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Clostridium perfringens
Pneumococcus
1b
single
Streptococcus pyogenes
Microbiology
null
3025b9c9-8a7a-452a-8b51-e77250b51c87
Stature of an unknown person can be found out from long bones, by applying all the following formulas except
Trotter and Glesser
Karl Pearson
Haase
Dupeuis and Hadden
2c
multi
Hasses rule is for foetus age determination based on length . HASSE'S RULE For the first 5 months of the foetus - Square root of the length of the foetus in cm gives its age in lunar months After 5 months - 1/5th of the length of the foetus in cm gives the age in lunar months Ref : Krishnan vij Textbook of Forensic med...
Forensic Medicine
All India exam
111693e4-7edb-4bba-98e0-b9b8021e6910
Pediatric fracture of mandible pattern is typically seen as:
Downwards and forwards.
Downwards and backwards.
Zig zag pattern due to presence of tooth buds.
Comminuted fractures.
2c
multi
A high tooth-to-bone ratio exists in the pediatric bone. Fractures frequently occur through developing tooth crypts, giving a zig-zag appearance of fracture line.
Surgery
null
4e96a28e-a5e0-49a5-9b41-f93a08586580
Node of Ranvier is seen in
Cell body
Dendrites
Axons
Terminal butons
2c
single
A cross-section of a typical small nerve has many large nerve fibers that constitute most of the cross-sectional area. However, a more careful look revealsmany more small fibers lying between the large ones. The large fibers are myelinated, and the small ones are unmyelinated. The average nerve trunk contains about twi...
Physiology
Nervous system
f1c81b43-99ef-4eca-87a4-e4b45eef4798
Which one of the following test is used to detect malingering -
Stenger's test
Buinge's test
Weber 's test
Rinne's test
0a
single
Malingering/Nonorganic hearing loss (also called pseudohypacusis) Ocassionally patients wilfully or subconsciously exaggerate their hearing loss. This is functional hearing loss or pseudohypacusis or malingering – The signs in the test behavior that suggest functional component include: a. Inconsistent responses b. S...
ENT
null
2373fcae-6c51-4afb-92c7-574f70259807
The thick filament is made up of Heavy chain of myosin Light chain of myosin Dystrophin Titin
1, 3, and 4
2, 3 and 4
1 and 2
3 and 4
2c
single
The thick filament or the myosin is made up of the heavy chain of myosin and light chain of myosin The myosin molecule is composed of six polypeptide chains- Two heavy chains, each with a molecular weight of about 200,000 and four light chains with molecular weights of about 20,000 each. The two heavy chains wrap spira...
Physiology
General physiology
342b67bf-2129-4bf8-8540-93deab81ccaf
Megaloblastic anemia is caused by -
Phenytoin
Lithium
Lead
Chloroquine
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., PhenytoinSome important drugs causing megaloblastic anaemiao Methotrexateo Phenytoino Cytosine arabinosideo Phenobarbitoneo Pentamidineo Pyrimethamineo Zidovudineo 5-Fluorouracilo Sulfasalazineo Triamtereneo Primidoneo Trimethoprimo Azathioprine
Pharmacology
Adverse Drug Effect
a025385d-fb73-428d-adb0-3f820cba2454
Endometriosis is common in :
Multiple
Peri menopausal age
Nullipara
Virgins
2c
single
Nullipara
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
a15da526-c1cc-4933-a4a2-54cbc36f7211
A 70-year-old female patient was readmitted to a local hospital with fever and chills following cardiac surgery at a major teaching institution. Blood cultures were taken and a Gram-positive coccus grew from the blood cultures within 24 hours. Initial tests indicated that this isolate was resistant to penicillin. The m...
image_question
image_question
image_question
image_question
3d
single
Enterococci causes a wide variety of infections ranging from less serious, for example, urinary tract infections, to very serious, such as septicemia. A Gram-positive coccus resistant to penicillin must be assumed to be enterococcus until other more definitive biochemical testing places the isolate in one of the more e...
Microbiology
Bacteriology
72395e86-bd98-4e2b-8505-faa60b5d33a6
A girl falls in love with a film star & believes that he also loves her. It is best exemplified by?
Persecutory delusion
Grandiose delusion
Erotomania
Nymphomania
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Erotomania* Erotomania (Delusions of love): - False belief that another person is in love with one (commoner in woman). In one form, termed de clerambault sydrome, a woman (usually) believes that a man, frequently older and of higher status, is in love with her. Erotomania is seen in Schizophrenia, de...
Psychiatry
Miscellaneous
dce8cce5-13b0-4d8d-9431-a4227a2a8456
What is the recommended drug for treatment of leptospirosis?
Penicillin
Tetracycline
Azithromycin
Erythromycin
0a
single
Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment of leptospirosis. Tetracycline or doxycycline may also be used. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 267.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
41d7713f-2a98-477f-9dc5-49ca2c1c521e
All are true about ESBL except -
Sensitive to carbapenems
Ambler classification is based on molecular structure
Classification is based on 3rd g. cefalosporin sensivity
3rd & 4* g. cefalosporin sensivity testing is must to confirm the ESBL
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 3rd and 4th generation sensitivity is must Penicillins were the earliest antibiotics to be developed.Penicillins and their related group of antibiotics were called b lactam antibiotics because they contained a four carbon ring called b lactam ring.Within a few years of introduction of penicillin, bact...
Pharmacology
D.O.C
ddbafd09-7344-4f74-a726-934e0b7a4bdd
Most common symptom of posterior uveitis -
Pain
Photophobia
Lacrimation
Diminished vision
3d
single
Posterior uveitis(choroiditis) is a painless condition,usually characterised by visual symptoms due to associated vitreous haze and involvement of the retina.
Ophthalmology
Uveal tract
2dd15eef-7099-4cf6-b99f-7b7322c84b41
The enzyme used for the mapping of hypersensitive sites in recombinant DNA research is?
DNA ligase
DNA polymerase I
DNase I
Polynucleotide kinase
2c
single
Ans. C. DNase Ia. DNA ligase is used for joining of DNA molecules.b. DNA polymerase I is used for synthesis of double stranded cDNA.c. Polynucleotide kinase is used for T-32 end labeling of DNA or RNA.
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
1130ac3f-006b-444a-8eec-5630f3350828
As a general rule, veins carry
Urine
Lymph fluid
Oxygenated blood
Deoxygenated blood
3d
single
All veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart with the exception of the pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pathology
null
3d03c4a0-ca11-400c-a61c-4710d36867d5
Which of the following is associated with Down syndrome: March 2010
Raised PAPP-A level
Decresed beta-HCG level
Raised estriol level
Decreased AFP level
3d
single
Ans. D: Decreased AFP level Alpha-fetoprotein is made in the pa of the womb called the yolk sac and in the fetal liver, and some amount of AFP gets into the mother's blood. In neural tube defects, the skin of the fetus is not intact and so larger amounts of AFP is measured in the mother's blood. In Down syndrome, the A...
Pediatrics
null
4e19b317-403e-4592-8575-8d222a8215fc
Right anterior quadrant of the scalp is supplied by the following arteries EXCEPT
Right supra orbital artery
Right supra trochlear artery
Right superficial temporal artery
Right maxillary artery
3d
multi
null
Anatomy
null
03fa88dd-6887-445c-a283-5aa7bd49bd90
One of the following groups of enzymes does not exhibit stereospecificity
Oxidoreductases
Isomerases
Lyases
Transferases
1b
single
All enzymes (except isomerases) exhibit stereospecificity, that reacts only with one set of stereoisomers.Whereas isomerases conve substrate from one isomerase to another. Harper 30th edition pg: 60
Biochemistry
Enzymes
11bc5e56-5033-42bf-98f5-f01c744511a1
RDA cover of nutrient requirement of-
50% of individuals
75% of individuals
98% of individuals
Same as adequate intake
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 98% of individuals Recommended Dietary allowance (RDA) o Also know as recommended daily allowance. o The RDA is the average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirments of nearly all (97 to 98%) individuals in a life stage and gender group. o The RDA applies to indivi...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
a6151ab4-b5e5-4778-bba9-2a6515b1e1be
Sandfly transmitts which disease-
Oraya fever
Oriental sore
Kala-azar
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Diseases transmitted by sandflyo Kala-azaro Sand-fly fevero Oriental soreo Oraya fever
Microbiology
Arthropod born diseases
26536f95-d092-46f6-a732-77e503067488
H pylori causes all except
Peptic ulcer
Maltoma
Carcinoid tumor
Gastric carcinoma
2c
multi
Infection with H. pylori plays a key pathogenic role and the infection has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a definite human carcinogen. It is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric mucosal atrophy and gastric cancer . It has been estimated that H. pylori infecti...
Medicine
G.I.T
9af5809d-a617-49a5-a9d8-526611306970
Investigation of choice for diagnosis of splenic rupture –
Peritoneal lavage
Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
2c
single
"CT has become the gold standard for the assessment of abdominal trauma particularly solid parenchymal injury".
Radiology
null
a3b9f641-7e52-4ce3-bf7c-56d35d4ae9ed
True about shunt vessels
Evenly distributed throughout the skin
Role in nutrition
Play a role in thermoregulation
No autonomic nervous regulation
2c
multi
Shunt vessels are sho, low resistance connection between aerioles and veins,allowing blood to bypass capillaries in ceain areas These vessels are especially found in skin of finger, toes, and earlobes where they play a major role in thermoregulation Ref: Medical Physiology Indu Khurana 2015 edition, Page No:237 Shunt v...
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
502172e8-f88a-45a1-a688-37e63230d513
All of the following may be present in Duane&;s retraction syndrome except
Suppression
Head turn
Narrowing of palpebral apeure in abduction
Limitation of abduction
2c
multi
RESTRICTIVE SQUINT Duane's retraction syndrome : It is a congenital ocular motility defect occurring due to fibrous tightening of lateral or medial or both rectus muscles. Its features are: 1) Limitation of abduction (type I) or adduction (type II) or both (type III). 2) Retraction of the globe and narrowing of the p...
Ophthalmology
Ocular motility and squint
7e713303-4b10-4822-88bd-5f7c19c1e07c
Fracture of talus without displacement in x-ray would lead to -a) Osteoarthritis of ankleb) Osteonecrosis of head of talusc) Avascular necrosis of body of talusd) Avascular necrosis of neck of taluse) Non union
ac
bc
ad
b
0a
single
Complicatiosn of Talar neck fracture Malunion                    Avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis) of body. Non-union   Secondary osteoarthritis of ankle and subtalar joint.
Orthopaedics
null
d2261cdf-564b-4b53-bce6-e379a650bb5d
Chelating agent used in mercury poisoning is -
Calcium disodium edetate
Desferrioxamine
Penicillamine
BAL
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., BAL Use of different chelating agentsDimercaprol (BAL)o Poisoning by As, Hg, Au, Bi, Ni, Sbo As an adjuvant to EDTA in lead poisoningo As an adjuvant to penicillamine in Cuo Contraindicated in iron and cadmium poisoning.Calcium disodium edetate (Ca Na,EDTA)o Lead poisoningo Also used in Zn, Cd, Mn, Cu...
Unknown
null
e5f159bf-3ec9-4ba9-8c0e-de8ff0df4fed
Drug used in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation is
Lubiprostone
Loperamide
Alosetron
Clonidine
0a
single
-Lubiprostone acts by stimulating Cl- channel opening in the intestine, increasing liquid secretion in gut and decreasing transit time, therefore used for chronic constipation. -It has also been approved for constipation dominant irritable bowel syndrome in women. -Irritable bowel syndrome is a condition characterized ...
Pharmacology
Gastro-Intestinal Tract
9fcc4663-56b6-4a6e-a535-caf7b16d65db
Which of the following malignancy is MOST sensitive to radiotherapy?
Serous cystadenoma
Dysgerminoma
Mucinous cystadenoma
Teratoma
1b
single
Dysgerminomas are usually unilateral and are the most common type of germ cell tumor seen in patients with gonadal dysgenesis. They are highly radiosensitive and chemosensitive. Serous cystadenoma is the most common epithelial cell neoplasm. 70% of these tumors are benign and surgery is the treatment of choice. Mucinou...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
cd6ef7dd-345d-44f7-8c57-193e747f7bb1
An epidemiologic study evaluates the rate of dental caries and tooth abscesses among children living in communities within a metropolitan area. Investigators discover that the rate is high among children living in an upper-middle-class community but low in children living in a community below the poverty level. The lev...
Copper
Fluoride
Iodine
Selenium
1b
single
Water in some areas naturally contains fluoride, and dental problems in children are fewer in these areas because tooth enamel is strengthened. Fluoride can be added to drinking water, but opposition to this practice, from ignorance or fear, is common. Copper deficiency can produce neurologic defects. Iodine deficiency...
Pathology
Environment & Nutritional Pathology
0f3af128-25e2-4000-8ad7-1b3078efe483
The diagnosis of gout is best established by the presence of
Synol uric add crystals
Intracellular uric acid crystals
Elevated serum uric acid
Involvement of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint
1b
single
Gout / Hyperuricemia Gout refers to the disease that occurs in response to the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints, bones, and soft tissues.Causes of GoutIncreased productionDecreased renal excretionHypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGP) deficiencyPhosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synth...
Medicine
All India exam
b8d695f8-fee7-4700-87e5-de58da4a31ce
Obesity indices are -
Broca's index
Ponderal index
Quetelet index
Corpulence index
0a
single
Body mass index(quetelet&;s index) Ponderal index Broca index Lorentz&;sformula Corpulence index. Among these BMI and Broca index are widely used. BMI is used an index for obesity. Ref- Park&;s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 24th edition.
Social & Preventive Medicine
Non communicable diseases
a6d6e5e5-d124-4b67-aa49-c20498776f74
Organised glomemler deposits in kidney is present in-
Amyloidosis
Diabetes millitus
IgA nephropathy
Cry oglobulinemia
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., IgA NephropathyOrganized glomerular deposits are seen in : Mesangial proliferative GN Memranous GN Membranoproliferative GNo IgA nephropathy is a type of mesangioproliferative GN.
Pathology
null
e899ec1b-56b3-4f27-b8f6-1fa8ebef77bc
Drug of choice for severe Falciparum malaria in pregnancy is:
Aresunate
Artemether
Chloroquine
Quinine
3d
single
As Artemesinin compunds are contraindicated in pregnancy, Quinine is used for severe Falciparum malaria.
Pharmacology
null
a50748bd-c510-44a1-ac54-96cc82b7ed59
A 37-yrs-old man in DKA has yellowish papules scattered over his trunk and extremities. A tube of plasma that is collected from the patient develops a turbid supernate. This is consistent with which type of hyperlipoproteinemia?
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type V
3d
single
The patient most likely has a type V hyperlipopro­teinemia, which is associated with eruptive xanthomas secondary to increased triacylglycerol. Type V hyperli­poproteinemia is a combination of type I, characterized by elevated chylomicrons, and type IV, characterized by increased very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). D...
Unknown
null
edca7269-11e7-4fe8-8130-f784cd61acad
Radiation exposure during infancy has been linked to
Breast
Melanoma
Thyroid
Lung
2c
single
Ans. (c) ThyroidRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /109* The most radio-sensitive organ sites in children in the order of sensitivity are thyroid, breasts, bone marrow and brain.* Exposure to ionizing radiation in first 2 decades predisposes a person for development of papillary CA.
Pathology
Etiology: Carcinogenic Agents
a41db06b-1ebb-4e2e-824e-f1a62f7e996d
Chemical labyrinthectomy by transtympanic route is done in Meniere's disease using which drug-
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Amoxycillin
Cyclosporine
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gentamicin o Has been explained in previous sessions.
ENT
Menier's Disease
78a66891-c22f-45e8-b7c2-c2b3ddcbed3f
True statements regarding Depolarizing muscle relaxant are all EXCEPT: March 2013 (a)
Cause muscle fasciculation
No fade
Reversed by neostigmine
No post tetanic facilitation
2c
multi
Ans. C i.e. Reversed by neostigmine Muscle relaxants Depolarizing muscle relaxants (Succinylcholine): - Usually sho acting, - No tetanic fade, - No post tetanic facilitation Non-depolarizing muscle relaxant (Mivacurium): Post tetanic facilitation seen, - Diaphragm is resistant to non-depolarizing agents, - Train of fou...
Anaesthesia
null
b9cf5f1c-d8f8-48f0-bed3-d12554934917
Which of the following statements best describes 'Background Radiation'?
Radiation in the background of nuclear reactors
Radiation in the background during radiological investigations
Radiation present constantly from natural sources
Radiation from nuclear fall out
2c
multi
Background radiation refers to those coming from the environment of natural radioactivity at the eahs surface and the those from direct cosmic radiation that arrives at the eahs surface. Ref: Radiation Biophysics By Edward L. Alpen, Page 432; The Biological Basis of Nursing : Cancer By William T. Blows, Page 54, 56
Radiology
null
c973957e-8a58-42c7-9ed0-07ddafc05069
Umbilical cord has ____________
1 vein and 2 aeries
2 vein and 2 aeries
1 vein and 1 aery
2 veins and 1 aery
0a
single
Umbilical cord contain two aeries & one vein. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, 19th edition, p.no402 ; Davidson principal and practice of internal medicine, 22nd edition, p.no:630
Pediatrics
C.V.S
e88a3e19-4037-4cce-a0f0-493536f85f50
All of following are true about measles except-
Maximum incidence in 6m - 3 year age group
Best age for immunization is 9-12 months
Secondary attack rate is 30%
I.P= 7-14 days
2c
multi
<p>MEASLES:- An acute highly infectious disease of childhood caused by a specific virus of group myxovirus. Clinically characterised by fever and catarrhal symptoms of the upper respiratory tract( coryza,cough), followed by a typical rash. Incubation period-10 days from exposure to onset of fever and 14 days of appeara...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
425e336f-37e3-4677-bd84-1f998339d263
Which of the following is not a large vessel vasculitiis ?
Takayasu aeritis
Cogan syndrome
Chrug strauss syndrome
Giant cell aeritis
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Churg strauss syndrome
Pathology
null
41585522-f8c5-4f30-b48e-a37af93c0819
Solid and largest lymphatic organ of the body is
Spleen
Thymus
Lymph node
Liver
0a
single
(A) Spleen# Largest lymphatic organ in the human body is the spleen.> Primary function of the spleen is to purify the blood and store blood cells. It helps the immune system identify and combat foreign antibodies.> The spleen consists of white pulp and red pulp. The white pulp generates blood cells and synthesizes anti...
Anatomy
Misc.
24313fed-2bff-4c8d-955a-6016eb59a411
False regarding Health For All by 2000 A.D is -
All people will be healthy by 2000 A.D
All people are accessible to health care services
All will have socially and economically productive life
Equal health status for people and countries
0a
multi
Foremost among the goals to be achieved by 2000 AD were Reduction of infant moality from the level of 125 to below 60 To raise the expectation of life at bih from the level of 52 years to 64 To reduce the crude death rate from the level of 14 per 1000 population to 9 per 1000 To reduce crude bih rate from the level of ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
87390311-9c5b-4cc2-b63e-4b87f3589b2b
All of _the following may be seen in patient of cardiac tamponade exceptAll of _the following may be seen in patient of cardiac tamponade except-
Kussmaul's sign
Pulsus paradoxus
Electriciaalten alternans
Right ventricular diastolic collapse on echocardiogram
0a
multi
Kussmaul sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the appropriate fall of the JVP with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of hea disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right hea dysfunction Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1456
Medicine
C.V.S
62246d1f-3284-4972-9e2c-17e603fc9566
True about mummification is:
External features are preserved
High atmospheric temperature is needed for
Occurs in dry air
All of the above
3d
multi
D i.e. All of above Mummification is dessication/ dehydration or drying & shriveling of body tissue & viscera after death.Q Mummification is drying or dehydrationQ of cadaver & is modification of putrefactionQ. In which body features and appearances are preservedQ but face is greatly distoedQ High temperature, dry (dev...
Forensic Medicine
null
a873ee82-b46b-492e-b623-d4ca72682332
Gynaecomastia and infertility is caused by?
Flutamide
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Methotrexate
1b
single
ANSWER: (B) CimetidineREF: APPENDIX-39 below for "DRUGS CAUSING GYNAECOMASTIA"Repeat Pharmacology 2013 Session 2Indirect repeat Pharmacology 2012 Session II, 2006 APPENDIX - 39Causes Of Gynecomastia:IdiopathicDrugs (partial list)Physiologic causesNeonatal periodPubertyAgingObesityAlcoholAlkylating agentsAmiodaroneAnabo...
Pharmacology
Adverse Drug Effect
131942a7-80f8-46b5-8ef3-85fc5c91e334
Exfoliative cytology is useful in
Carcinoma stomach
Carcinoma bronchus
Carcinoma cervix
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Exfoliative cytology is used for ? Cervical Ca. 3. Bronchogenic Ca. 5. Prostatic Ca. Endometrial Ca. 4. Bladder Ca. 6. Stomach Ca.
Pathology
null
ecf6f648-4e63-4ba7-b375-d3f4c8ca6e2b
Transvestism is :
Wearing clothes of opposite sex
Touching ones own private pas to others
Desire for sexual intercourse with dead bodies
Orgasm from visualisation pa of the body of a woman
0a
single
A i.e. Wearing clothes of opposite sex
Psychiatry
null
6741fb1f-da35-472b-b6e8-baf898663b9d
Apixaban is a new drug that acts by
Inhibiting TNF alpha
Inhibiting coagulation factor Xa
Inhibiting platelet aggregation
Activating plasminogen
1b
single
Rivaroxaban and Apixaban are newer oral anticoagulants that act by inhibiting factor Xa. Newer oral anticoagulants that are currently being asked in the exams are: Direct thrombin inhibitor- Dabigatran Direct factor Xa inhibitors Apixaban Rivaroxaban Edoxaban Betrixaban
Pharmacology
Hematology
be987604-79fd-4499-b753-4eac67f3ab2c
A child presents with acute diarrhea with signs of dehydration; On investigation, Na+ 125 mEq/L, K+ 3 meq/L, HCO3- 16 mEq/L and pH is 7.23. IV Fluid to be given is?
Normal saline
3% saline
N/2 saline + 10% dextrose
N/3 saline + 5% dextrose
0a
single
* Hyponatremic dehydration is treated by correction of intravascular volume with isotonic fluid (NS or LR). * An overly rapid (>12 mEq/L over the first 24 hr) or overcorrection of serum sodium concentration (>135 mEq/L) is associated with an increased risk of central pontine myelinolysis.
Pediatrics
Disorders of Gastrointestinal System Including Diarrhea
8a9efb57-c3c6-43aa-9d15-6b56667ab4f5
Iron requirement in lactating mother is:
30 mg/day
34 mg/day
36 mg/day
38 mg/day
0a
single
Ref: Park s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22nd edition. Pages 578,590Explanation:"The ICMR recommended daily allowance (RDA) for Iron is 38 mg/day during pregnancy and 30 mg/ day during lactation." (ICMR - Old Guideline)IRON REQUIREMENT DURING LACTATIONThere is no increase in iron requirement during lacta...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and Health
80cd973a-8998-4f3d-ba13-c5f2177c034c
Seibert’s class IV defect is
Faciolingual loss of tissues with normal ridge height
Normal ridge width with loss of ridge height
Loss of height and width
None of the above
3d
multi
Seibert’s  Classification Class 0 defects- no defect Class I defects- faciolingual loss of tissue width with normal ridge height.   Class II defects- loss of ridge height with normal ridge width. Class III defects- a combination of loss in both dimensions.
Dental
null
7a20cf92-9b6d-4582-82a2-8a7965d98503
What is the power of a lens if the focal length is 0.75 m?
1.3 D
2.3 D
3.3
4.3 D
0a
single
ANSWER: (A) 1.3 DREF: Khurana 4th Ed Pg 23The focal length (f) of a lens is the distance between the optical centre and the principal focus.Power of a lens (P) is defined as the ability of the lens to converge a beam of light falling on the lens. For a converging (convex) lens the power is taken as positive and for a d...
Ophthalmology
Elementary Optics
aa569ee4-969e-4b2e-9b10-c4900a873447
Reaction occuring in conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine?
Hydroxylation
Oxidation
Glucuronidation
Methylation
3d
single
Ans. D. Methylation
Biochemistry
null
37f827c3-3ab6-425a-90e1-29642013ad66
. In case of pelvic fracture with urethral injury, the most important first step in management is-
Repair in injured urethra
Fixation of pelvic fracture
Treatment of shock and haemorrhage
Splinting urethra with catheters
2c
multi
null
Surgery
null
097eb4b5-86b9-48f3-9f4d-30cb51e3697e
Most commonly used vector for DNA cloning ?
Plasmid
Virus
Cosmid
Phage
0a
single
A cloning vector is a carrier DNA molecule to which human DNA fragment is attached. Normally, foreign DNA fragments cannot self-replicate within host cell. Therefore, they are joined to a vector DNA, that can replicate within host cell.The five major types of cloning vectors used are -i) Plasmidsii) Viral vectors/Bacte...
Biochemistry
null
572fa0e2-8103-4251-bc5a-65c33534629b
Pedophile is having anal intercourse with :
Older women
Children
Homosexual adult
Hijra
1b
single
B i.e. Children
Forensic Medicine
null
c6b2a296-9253-4903-b67b-a0eaa1a03df1
A young person presents with self mutilating behaviour and impulsivity. What is he most likely suffering from?
Dependent personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Adjustment disorder
Paranoid personality disorder
1b
single
The primary features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are unstable interpersonal relationships, affective distress, marked impulsivity, and unstable self-image. Individuals with BPD tend to experience frequent, strong and long-lasting states of aversive tension, often triggered by perceived rejection, being alo...
Psychiatry
null
48f8875b-69ee-4ac5-ad14-f9e58c478cfc
A woman complains of excessive vomiting and mild vaginal bleeding for two weeks at a POA of 12 weeks. The fundal height corresponds of 16 weeks. The cervical os is closed. Ultrasound scan demonstrates a snowstorm appearance in part of the uterus together with a foetus. The crown-rump length corresponds to 10 weeks. The...
Carry out medical termination with vaginal misoprostol
Carry out medical termination with an oxytocin infusion
Perform suction evacuation
Perform a total abdominal hysterectomy
2c
multi
Ans. is c, i.e. Perform suction evacuationSuction evacuation is the method of choice, for evacuation of a partial molar pregnancy.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
843dadcd-43cd-43c0-a74c-9efd7bafffd4
Which of the following approach of brachial block is most suitable for catheter placement:-
Supraclavicular
Infraclavicular
Axillary
All
1b
multi
The infraclavicular brachial plexus blocks are an alternative to axillary block for anaesthetizing the elbow, forearm, and hand when positioning is compromised by limited abduction at the shoulder, for example, rheumatoid ahritis or an immobilized/traumatized arm. It is also an alternative to supraclavicular block for ...
Anaesthesia
Regional Anesthesia
33495b1d-0c62-4ebd-86f0-175868dd6e06
Protein level more than 4-5grms/100ml seen in all except:
Dentigerous cyst.
OKC.
Radicular cyst.
None.
1b
multi
null
Pathology
null
f583f579-a273-4ac1-a539-9a4a02502ba4
Which is not a heterophile agglutination test ?
Weil Felix test
Widal test
Paul Bunnell test
Streptococcus
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Widal test Heterophilic agglutination reaction . Some organisms of different class or species share closely related antigens. . When serum containing agglutinin (antibody) of one organism gives agglutination reaction with antigen of other organism, it is called heterophilic agglutination test. Example...
Microbiology
null
46d48cbc-83b0-402e-b0ed-2400d3ababc2
Traumatic eye lesion can cause:
Vitreous haemorrhage
Corneal opacity
Exudative retinal detachment
All
3d
multi
A. i.e. Vitreous hemorrhage; B. i.e. Corneal opacity; C i.e. Exudative retinal detachment
Ophthalmology
null
49ee36ba-e4ba-43d6-88a5-68aac31166d1
Innate immunity involves ?
T-cells
B-cells
Macrophages
Antibodies
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Macrophages Macrophages and neutrophils are phagocytic cells that engulf a microbial pathogen after it has been identified by the innate immune system
Microbiology
null
d847733a-23b3-42b2-85d9-8832365bd0ad
Boundaries of foramen of Winslow are all EXCEPT:
Caudate lobe of liver
Inferior vena cava
Free border of lesser omentum
4th part of Duodenum
3d
multi
ANSWER: (D) 4th part of DuodenumREF: Gray s anatomy 39th edition, page 3136 Repeat from June 2009 and June 2011In human anatomy, the omental foramen (Epiploic foramen, foramen of Winslow, or uncommonly aditus) is the passage of communication, or foramen, between the greater sac (general cavity of the abdomen), and the ...
Anatomy
Hepatobiliary System
29dfee05-7ff3-47f9-9a3b-19fa0ba04254
Malt workers lung is associated with:
Aspergillus clavatus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Micropolyspora faeni
Actinomyces israeli
0a
single
Aspergillus clavatus
Microbiology
null
d5578ae7-8a16-4944-a3f0-d6c5304488e0
Mechanism of hypoxemia in asthma is
Hypoventilation
Diffusion decreased
Shunting
Ventilation perfusin mismatch
3d
single
Pathophysiology Airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) - the tendency for airways to narrow excessively in response to triggers that have little or no effect in normal individuals is integral to the diagnosis of asthma and appears to be related, although not exclusively, to airwayinflammation . Other factors likely to be impoan...
Medicine
Respiratory system
c7f9ccf9-02b1-4ae5-bce3-e44daa174541
A patient with a recent history of convulsions, presented to emergency in subconscious state with blood pressure 60/90 mm/Hg, bradycardia & slow gasping respiration. There is increased lacrimation, salivation & sweating. On examination there is pin point pupil. Which of the following poisoning should be suspected?
Opioids
Phenobarbitone
Organophosphorus
Dhatura
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Organophosphorus [Ref Parikh 6Th /e p. 10.43; Reddy 33`d% p. 5231Organophosphorus poisoning compounds are irreversible inhibitors of enzyme cholinesterase, an enzyme which hydrolyzes acetylcholine.Thus organophosphates inhibit cholinesterase and protect acetylcholine from hydrolysis. This results in i...
Forensic Medicine
null
423b037d-8bb7-43fd-9d44-45cbc27c15b2
An elderly male presented with longstanding progressive increase in nose size with hardened. On clinical examination it was thought to be end stage of chronic acne rosacea. Your diagnosis is NOT RELATED - ENT
Rhinosporidiosis
Rhinophyma
Atrophic rhinitis
Strawberry nose
1b
single
.
Pharmacology
All India exam
cd676134-bf22-4a92-87f7-f0158a29c381
The plane of the axial wall of an M.O. cavity prepared for silver amalgam should be
A flat straight plane bucolingually
Parallel to the long axis of the teeth
Concave to allow greater bulk of amalgam
Parallel to the long axis of the teeth and should follow the buccolingual contour of the tooth
3d
multi
null
Dental
null
403ad4bc-29dd-407a-8a2a-1176b6c39db1
Treatment of phlyctenular conjunctivitis is?
Systemic steroids
Topical steroids
Antibiotics
Miotics
1b
single
ANSWER: (B) Topical steroidsREF: Parson's 20th ed p. 173Treatment of phlyctenular keratoconjuctivit is:Topical steroids are drugs of choiceTopical antibiotics and atropine are used when cornea is involved Phlyctenular conjunctivitis:Delayed type IV hypersensitivity response to endogenousstaphylococcus proteins ( most c...
Ophthalmology
Inflammations of Conjunctiva - Allergic and Granulomatous
66b21fd9-0203-4a3e-aabc-fe745fefa0df
Pain and temperature are carried by
Anterior spinothalamic tract
Lateral spinothalamic tract
Dorsal column
None
1b
multi
The lateral spinothalamic tract is located in the lateral funiculus towards the medial side, i.e.e near the grey matter. The spinothalamic tracts are formed by the axons of the chief sensory cells of posterior grey horn, which form the second order sensory neurons. After taking origin from the chief sensory cells, the ...
Physiology
Nervous system
918e6157-4ed4-4a0a-9314-05d7d8675b65
Microdermasion is done with:
Aluminium oxide crystals
Aluminium trihydrate crystals
Ferrous oxide crystals
Ferric oxide crystals
0a
single
Microdermabrasion is resurfacing technique with superficial skin wound achieved with aluminium oxide crystals. Ref: Textbook of dermatosurgery & cosmetology, Satish S savant, E-2, P-620.
Skin
null
de1630df-7b39-43e1-b1fe-2435585188c5
Defect in collagen formation is seen in
Scurvy
Hunter's syndrome
Marfan's syndrome
Osteogenesis imperfecta
0a
single
Scurvy is caused due ti deficiecy of ascorbc acid. Ascorbic acid is necessary for the post-transltional hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues. Hyroxyproline and hydrolysine are essential for the formation of crosslinks in the collagen, which gives the tensile strength to the fibers. This process is absolutely ne...
Biochemistry
Structure and function of protein
4121c83c-4c8d-43d1-a50e-d5570de2e9fe
All are features of Trachoma stage Ill, except:
Herbe's pits
Pannus
Necrosis in scar
Scar on tarsal conjunctiva
1b
multi
Ans. Pannus
Ophthalmology
null
f7eea7f4-970a-40f0-90b2-dd36e3062669
Which of the following is true about shunt vessels?
Evenly distributed throughout the skin
Role in nutrition
Play a role in thermoregulation
No autonomic nervous regulation
2c
multi
Ans. c. Plav a role in thermoregulation Cutaneous (anterior-venous anastomosis) shunt vessels play an important role in temperature thermoregulation.Functional Classification of Vessel WaltVesselIncludeFeatureElastic ArteriesAorta, pulmonary artery and major branches* Elastic recoil maintains continuous blood flow and ...
Physiology
Heart, Circulation, and Blood
2f3c4b18-418c-4205-b461-8309489ba645
Wire loop lesions are often characteristic for the following class of lupus nephritis -
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis( WHO class II)
Focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO class III)
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (WHO class IV)
Membranous glomerulonephritis (WHO class V)
2c
single
null
Medicine
null
b052b33f-9f4b-4637-9e3a-c4d9a0ec9650
A 56-year-old woman has not passed stools for the last 14 days. Xray shows no air fluid levels. Probable diagnosis is -
Paralytic ileus
Aganglionosis of the colon
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Duodenal obstruction
2c
single
The information provided in the question is too less, but we have to come to a diagnosis based on the provided information. Lets see each option one by one. Paralytic ileus multiple air fluid levels are noted, hence ruled out. Aganglionosis of the colon or Hirshprung's ds. presents in infancy or childhood hence rul...
Surgery
null
89556543-fa48-4987-b63b-faaef1603692
Xantheurenic acid is produced in -
Tyrosine metabolism
Tryptophan metabolism
Cysteine metabolism
Valine metabolism
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tryptophan metabolism o Serotonin secretion is increased in carcinoid syndrome which causes flushingQ. VasoconstrictionQ, diarrheaQ and bronchospasm (respiratory distress),Metabolism of tryptophano Tryptophan is an essential amino acidQ, containing indol ringQ. Tryptophan is oxidized to produce alanin...
Biochemistry
Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder
1ba6892b-c757-420a-9221-7cbd5e0b3ff7
The only reliable symptom of hypoglycemia in a patient on beta blocker therapy is
Tremor
Sweating
Tachycardia
Palpitations
1b
single
* All the symptoms of hypoglycemia are blocked by beta blockers except sweating as it has cholinergic innervation * Beta blockers (non selective) are contraindicated in : ABSOLUTE C/I Pheochromocytoma Decompensated hea failure symptomatic bradycardia AV block Asthma RELATIVE C/I Peripheral vascular disease
Pharmacology
Sympathetic System