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135
af87a839-8794-47b6-bc5c-131da1b3f168
Which of the following clinical laboratory observations is suggestive of Hanup disease?
Burnt sugar smell in urine
High plasma phenylalanine levels
Extremely high levels of citrulline in urine
High fecal levels of tryptophan and indole derivatives
3d
single
High fecal levels of tryptophan and indole derivatives Hanup disease is autosomal recessive metabolic disorder also known as pellagra like dermatosis. This affect the absorption of nonpolar( neutral ) amino acids specially tryptophan. So there is no absorption of tryptophan.
Physiology
All India exam
09e17233-d63c-4399-bf4e-1350747da141
All are true about pathogenesis of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome, EXCEPT?
Due to ovarian enlargement and fragility
Increase in intravascular volume
Role of VEGF and inflammatory cytokines
Secondary to infeility treatment
1b
multi
Symptoms of OHSS are the result of ovarian enlargement and fragility, extravascular fluid accumulation, and intravascular volume depletion (and not increase as stated in option b). Fluid shifts that accompany OHSS are due to increased protein-rich fluid secretion from the stimulated ovaries, increased renin and proreni...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
26a1bbfc-a56e-4059-b43a-768cc11e8b32
Biological value of a protein is related to
Nitrogen content
amino acid content
Sulphur content
Energy content
0a
single
Ans) a (Nitrogen content) Ref paik 20th ed p 549Biological value of a protein is Retained N2 / Absorbed N2 x 100Protein efficiency ratio = Wt gain in gms / Gram of protein consumedNet protein utilization =Digestibility Coefficent x Biological value100 Aminoacid score =No of mg of one AA/gm of proteinNo of mg of same AA...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and Health
595cf09b-34c6-4d89-9033-6ff3ed0b38d5
The study for correlation of genetic disease to consanguinity -
Case Contral Study
Cohort study
Cross-sectional study
Case report
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Case Control Study " The association of consanguinity with complex disorders can be studied using different approaches. For example, epidemialogial surveys could compare the frequency of a disorder in the progeny offirst cousin parents with that of unrelated parents, whereas case-control studies could...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiological Study
9752d8e3-e260-40dd-97ae-d846f413301e
Von Gierke&;s occurs due to deficiency of
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Liver Phosphorylase
Muscle phosphorylase
Debranching enzyme
0a
single
Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) or von Gierke&;s disease, is the most common of the glycogen storage disease. This genetic disease results from deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase and has an incidence in the American population of approximately 1 in 100,000 bihs.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page n...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
805e7f24-2c61-4783-92de-e8757acfc270
A 38 year old male has paroxysmal hypeension. He is subsequently found to have medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, pheochromocytoma, and mucosal neuromas. Parathyroid involvement is not noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
MEN type I
MEN type II
MEN type III
Sipple's syndrome
2c
single
MEN III, also known as MEN IIb, is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and mucosal neuromas.Wermer's syndrome is also called MEN type I . It is characterized by pancreatic (insulinoma), pituitary, and parathyroid involvement.Sipple's syndrome, or MEN type II , is similar to MEN III, but it h...
Pathology
null
9a64eaa1-2bac-44e9-9dce-c0d1c64c258a
Mrs Shikha, 50-years-old woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which lymph node group would be the first involved in metastatic spread of this disease beyond the cervix and uterus? NOT RELATED -anatomy
Common iliac nodes
Parametrial nodes
External iliac node
Paracervical or ureteral nodes
3d
single
.
Pharmacology
All India exam
b17a2718-0ecd-4f2a-a95f-782637289638
A viral infection causes damage to both hippocampi in a patient. This damage would cause the patient to exhibit functional deficits in
Recalling an old declarative memory
Recalling an old procedural memory
Forming a new sho-term memory
Forming a new long-term memory
3d
multi
The hippocampus is crucial for the formation of long-term (declarative) memory. Without the hippocampus, sho-term memory is intact but the conversion to long-term does not take place.The retrieval of stored declarative memory does not require the hippocampus. The hippocampus is not needed for the retrieval of procedura...
Physiology
General physiology
592dd58a-ef4f-4259-b81d-44a5fc989338
Type of collagen maximum in skin:-
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
0a
single
Collagen - the most abundant protein in mammals contains 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine. Vitamin C plays the role of a coenzyme in hydroxylation of proline and lysine while protocollagen is conveed to collagen The hydroxylation reaction is catalysed by lysyl hydroxylase (for lysine) and prolyl hydroxylase (for pr...
Biochemistry
NEET 2019
eec09aec-46e6-477d-bed3-4872b61f97fd
Rotameters
Depend on laminar low for their accuracy
Will only function when upright
Are constant pressure drop-constant orifice devices
Are not accurate below 1L/min
1b
single
Rotameters are constant pressure drop-variable orifice devices. They are accurate at values as low as 200mL/min both laminar and turbulent flow determine their accuracy .
Anaesthesia
null
2f52d409-c4df-4539-8e4b-2eed20e3c99c
Which of the following is true of Wilson's disease all except -
Autosomal recessive
Serum ceruloplasmin level < 20 mg/d1
Urinary coppor excretion < 100 microgram/c11
Zinc acetate is used as maintence therapy
2c
multi
Urinary copper excretion <100 microgram/di Symptomatic pts. of Wilson disease invariably have urine copper levels > 100 pg per day. Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the ATP 7B gene (a copper transpoing ATPase) Diagnosis - The gold standard for diagnosis is Liver biopsy with quanti...
Surgery
null
e41fa443-a31b-4edc-973f-c29a19504a8b
A 25 year male presented with high grade fever, headache, neck stiffness, on examination found to have neck rigidity, kernig's sign positive, csf analysis showed neutrophilic predominance, low glucose and limulus amebocyte lysate assay was positive. Which of the following is the likely pathogen?
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumonia
Neisseria meningitides
Listeria monocytogenes
2c
single
The Limulus amebocyte lysate assay is a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of gram-negative endotoxin in CSF and thus for making a diagnosis of gram-negative bacterial meningitis. The test has a specificity of 85-100% and a sensitivity approaching 100%. Thus, a positive Limulus amebocyte lysate assay occurs in viu...
Medicine
C.N.S
039cfb73-ed02-48d5-9402-91cb407a1250
Tuberculin test denotes:
Previous or present sensitivity to tubercle proteins
Patient is resistant to TB
Person is susceptible to TB
Protective immune status of individual against TB
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Previous or present sensitivity to tubercle proteins(a) Tuberculin test denotes Type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity to tuberculoprotein 0.1 ml (Purified protein derivative) and used in diagnosis of latent tuberculosis.(b) Positive tuberculin test indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the ...
Microbiology
Bacteria
eca9d17a-d5bd-4f49-a5e2-09f054da5e57
Tumor suppressor gene p53 prevents carcinoma by?
DNA repair
Cell cycle arrest
Apoptosis induction
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above * p53 gene is located on chromosome 17 & acts as molecular policeman that prevents the propagation of genetically damage cell. p53 gene product, i.e. p53 protein is a DNA binding protein in the nucleus, when called into action, it controls the transcription of several other genes.* Wh...
Pathology
Neoplasia
6ad43210-4f47-46e0-9336-3f713731bab5
Most specific enzyme for mi is:
Cpk-MM
Cpk-MB
Cpk-BB
LDH
1b
single
Ans: bRef: Harrison, 16thed, p. 1450
Medicine
C.V.S.
71c50ecc-ce9f-452b-9637-20990cc519da
Which of the following is not a part of fatty acid synthase Complex?
Ketoacyl reductase
Enoyl reductase
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Ketoacyl synthase
2c
single
Ans. C. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase(Ref: Harper 31/e page 217)Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) Multienzyme ComplexThe complex is a homodimer of two identical polypeptide monomers in which six enzyme activities and the acyl carrier protein (ACP)ACP contains the vitamin pantothenic acid in the form of 4'-phosphopantetheineX-ray crys...
Biochemistry
Lipids
058349ad-8cad-49e2-bd7d-1adefceb3093
All of the followings are responsible for Right shifting of O2 saturation curve; except:
Hypoxia
Hypocapnia
Increase temp
Increased 2,3 DPG
1b
multi
Ans. b. HypocapniaThe factors shift the curve to the right:Increased CO2 (Bohr effect)Increased hydrogen ion (decrease pH)Increased temperatureIncreased 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG)Shifts in Hb-O2 dissociation curveStored blood loses 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate, causing a left shift in the curve, while hypoxia stimul...
Physiology
Respiratory System
de4708cf-da2a-43fb-9096-ea14fe9532c4
A nineteen year old female with short stature, wide spread nipples and primary amenorrhoea most likely has karyotype of –
47, XX + 18
46XXXY
47, XXY
45 XO
3d
single
null
Pediatrics
null
08c323e3-034d-4a3c-8c75-7eae5ba43778
True about rash of chickenpox
Centripetal
Deep Seated
Affectspalm
Slow to evolute
0a
multi
Rash of chicken pox : Superficial, unilocular, centripetal, pleomorphic, symmetrical, affects flexor surfaces and axilla, spares palms and sales, has inflammation around, rapid evolution and dew-drop on rose petal appeamace.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
52ba5acd-dd2c-49ce-89d1-9a848b0f775f
All are true about Klumpke's paralysis except
Claw hand is never seen
Intrincsic muscles of hand are paralysed
Horner's syndrome can be associated
Involves lower trunk of brachial plexus
0a
multi
Klumpke's paralysis C8 and T1 roots involved. Intrinsic muscles of hand paralysed. Wrist and finger flexous are weak. Unilateral Horner's syndrome. Claw hand is seen.
Orthopaedics
null
5e1e3fb1-06ae-47f7-afb4-6daa01fe92c4
Hyperglycemia is seen in all except?
Cirrhosis
Myotonic dystrophy
Lipodystrophy
Sarcoma
3d
multi
In cirrhosis, blood sugar is elevated, due to reduced uptake of sugar by liver. In myotonic dystrophy and lipodystrophy, there is tissue insensitivity to insulin leading to hyperglycemia. Sarcoma especially large retroperitoneal sarcomas secrete IGF-2 and lead to hypoglycaemia.
Medicine
Diabetes Mellitus
10f7eb85-ebda-4224-bb87-18914bc64576
LSD was introducd by
albe hoffman
delay and deniker
John F Cade
Egaz Moniz
0a
single
Hallucinogens * ALSO CALLED AS Psychotomimetic/ Psychedelic * FIRST Man made HALLICINOGEN ==================== Albe Hoffman * MECHANISM OF ACTION Lysergic acid diethylamide=======serotonin * Introduced by Albe Hoffmann and he himself experienced its effects * Phencyclidine =======NMDA antagonist * Also known as angel d...
Psychiatry
Substance abuse
4a5a1278-2ae8-4808-8548-29acfb03ef49
Decreased basal metabolic rate is seen in
Obesity
Hypehyroidism
Feeding
Exercise
0a
single
The remaining options utilise energy. Basal metabolic rate and obesity The basal metabolic rate accounts for about 60 to 75% of the daily calorie expenditure by individuals. It is influenced by several factors. BMR typically declines by 1-2% per decade after age 20, mostly due to loss of fat-free mass, although the var...
Physiology
General physiology
1044a6a2-d3bc-430c-8d3b-972ba533c2a8
A 70 kg athlete is taken for surgery, due to unavailability of vecuronium, succinylcholine is given repeatedly (>640mg). He now is unable to take breath and his lower limbs are paralyzed. What will be cause?
Phase II block
Succinylcholine causes muscle paralysis due to fasciculation
Hidden muscle dystrophy
Pseudo cholinesterase deficiency
0a
single
Prolonged apnea due to repeated dosing with succinylcholine is due to it entering phase 2 block. Phase I depolarizing block is preceded by muscle fasciculation. During paial neuromuscular block, phase I depolarizing block is characterised by: No fade during repetitive stimulation (tetanic or TOF) No post tetanic facili...
Anaesthesia
Neuromuscular Blocker
a6ae10e2-80ca-44a2-bfca-5442cdf0d3fd
Inheritance of ABO blood group is:
X-linked inheritance
Recessive inheritance
Mitochondria] inheritance
Codominance
3d
single
Ans. d. Codominance (Ref Robbins 9/e p140; Ganong 23/e p527)Inheritance of ABO blood group is Codominance."Although Mendelian traits are usually described as dominant or recessive, in some cases both of the alleles of a gene pair contribute to the phenotype--a condition called codominance. Histocompatibility and blood ...
Pathology
Mendelian Disorders: Single-Gene Defects
a9ca8f83-da91-4a09-8b5d-0ecb5748a6ae
Which is not ketogenic
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Tryptophan
2c
single
Ans. is 'c >d' i.e., Methionine > TryptophanLeucine and lysine are purely ketogenic.Trypotophan is not purely ketogenic, but it is ketogenic along with glucogenic. Methionine is purely glucogenic.
Biochemistry
null
fdd78ece-f205-448d-90cd-4c70fc33aab7
Glossodynia is
Pain in the tongue
Burning of the tongue
Swelling of the tongue
White patch on tongue
0a
single
null
Pathology
null
9e813b84-1465-47c4-bce4-d4b9d21aae66
All are the branches of internal iliac artery except:
Obturator artery
Middle rectal artery
Femoral artery
Internal pudendal artery
2c
multi
Ans. C. Femoral arteryThe internal iliac artery supplies the walls and viscera of the pelvis, the buttock, the reproductive organs, and the medial compartment of the thigh.It arises at the bifurcation of the common iliac artery, opposite the lumbosacral articulation, and, passing downward to the upper margin of the gre...
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
e7a593de-77a8-46f8-b876-3a8186b36abc
SACD (Subacute combined degeneration of cord) is feature of which vitamin deficiency?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B9
Vitamin B12
3d
single
Ans. d (Vitamin B12) (Ref. H - 17th/pg. Table 71-1).Vitamins: Major FunctionsVITAMINFUNCTIONVitamin AA component of visual pigment; Maintenance of specialized epithelia; Maintenance of resistance to infectionVitamin DFacilitates intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus and mineralization of boneVitamin EMajor an...
Biochemistry
Vitamins and Minerals
dfa84cb3-c018-4049-92c0-9facb1fedf72
Main aim for treatment of TB ?
Prevention of complication
Prevention of disease transmission
Complete clinical cure
Complete bacteriological cure
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Complete bacteriological cure Chemotherapy is indicated in every case of active tuberculosis. The objective of treatment is cure-that is, the elimination of both the fast and slowly multiplying bacilli from the patient's body. The effects of chemotherapy are judged not by the anatomic healing of lesio...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
d6cbcff3-4fd8-472d-8749-874eb7e6676f
All of the following are functions of CD 4 helper cells, except-
Immunogenic memory
Produce immnoglobulins
Activate macrophages
Activate cytotoxic cells
1b
multi
CD4 T cells are helper T cells. They stimulate B cells to produce antibodies, release of cytokines and are responsible for memory. They do not directly produce any antibody by their own. Basic Pathology, Robbins. Page no.:101
Pathology
General pathology
cd1c6dc6-e13e-46e4-a1bf-0e58f335fcab
A 35-year-old man with duodenal stump leak after partial gastrectomy is receiving central parenteral nutrition containing the standard D25W, 4.25% amino acid solution. Which is TRUE of essential fatty acid deficiency seen after hyperalimentation?
It occurs if soybean oil is given only once weekly.
It is usually noted at the end of the first week.
It causes dry scaly skin with loss of hair.
It is accompanied by hypercholesterolemia.
2c
multi
Essential fatty acid deficiency usually occurs if hyperalimentation is extended for more than 1 month and when soybean oil is not administered at least twice a week. There is a decrease in linolenic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids and an increase in oleic and palmitoleic acid. In addition to the skin changes, there ma...
Surgery
Wounds, Tissue Repair & Scars
6bdc5753-1ecc-4c7f-9b13-c12a98cc27b6
Sacrum becomes a single bone at ___ years of age.:-
15
25
30
40
1b
single
Sacrum The five sacral veebrae are separated by cailage until pubey. Later, fusion of epiphyses takes place and ossification of interveebral discs extend from below upwards. Sacrum becomes single bone at 21-25 years of age. Sometimes, it leaves a gap between S1 and S2, until 32 years called as 'lapsed union'.
Forensic Medicine
Human identification
e2fd6f27-7d7f-4716-aa70-ecba8b9eabad
Which is True about dobutamine?
Dobutamine decreases peripheral resistance
Acts on D1 and D2 receptors
Decrease kidney circulation
Has no effect on coronary circulation
0a
multi
Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no: 177 Dobutamine is a derivative of dopamine and is a selective beta1 agonist. It causes an increase in the force of contraction without a significant increase in hea rate. It also produces some vasodilatation by stimulating the beta 2 receptors. It doesn't decrease kidney circulation.
Pharmacology
Autonomic nervous system
530064a0-72a7-4912-a2f0-3d7c504b57a5
Which of the following statements about cutaneous shunt~vessels is true?
Perform nutritive function
Have role in thermoregulation
Not under the control of autonomic nervous system
These vessels are evenly distributed throughout the skin
1b
multi
These are low resistance connection between the aerioles and veins bypassing the capillariesAbundantly innervated by sympathetic nerve fibresEspecially found in skin of fingers, toes and earlobes where they are involved in the thermoregulationRef: Medical Physiology Indu Khurana 2015 edition page No: 237
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
69f3e303-e24a-46df-81de-e7caa5bf29db
Volume of infarcted area in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be detected by -a) ECHOb) ECGc) Levels of CPKMBd) Thallium scan
b
c
ac
ad
3d
multi
null
Medicine
null
5d7fcdca-98b9-43e6-bfed-edf8891c9ac9
Blow out fracture of orbit commonly produces
Deviation of septum
Retinal haemorrhage
Fracture of nasal bones
Fracture of floor of orbit
3d
single
(D) Fracture of floor of orbit # Blow out fracture of orbit; Intraorbital haemorrhages, proptosis, paralysis of extrinsic muscles and fracture of the floor of the orbit are not infrequent following a blunt injury to the orbital region> Proptosis develops due to reactive oedema and intra-orbital haemorrhage.> Partial or...
Ophthalmology
Miscellaneous
57b5b287-ca45-4e1b-be8f-a09a847fb97f
Drug used in cancer chemotherapy induced vomiting is?
Aprepitant
Dexamethasone
Ondansetrin
All of the above
3d
multi
Ondansetron is drug of choice for chemotherapy induced vomiting Dexamethasone,lorazepam and aprepitant are also used for chemotharapy induced vomiting.( ref KDT 7/e p876)
Pharmacology
Gastrointestinal tract
0ff5d474-8b83-4e08-a720-1546fc5dee6f
NOT a cause of granular contracted kidney ?
Diabetes mellitus
Chronic pyelonephritis
Benign nephrosclerosis
Chronic glomerulonephritis
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Diabetes mellitusCauses of Granular contracted kidney ?Chronic glomerulonephritis (symmetric)Chronic pyelonephritis (asymmetric) o Benign Nephrosclerosis (Symmetric) Sometimes, Diabetes too can cause granular contracted kidney
Pathology
null
9a3e2aa9-a4b3-4745-850f-b113a6ec519f
Anticoagulant of choice for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patient with cancer surgery is:-
Heparin sulfate
Protamine sulfate
Low molecular weight heparin
Warfarin
2c
single
Venous Thromboembolism- precipitating factor -estrogen in females PREVENTION OF Venous Thromboembolism AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS Condition Prophylaxis High risk non - ohopedic surgery Unfractionated heparin Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) Cancer surgery(associated thromboembolism ) LMWH Major ohopedic surgery War...
Pharmacology
Hematology
8141bbae-712a-4c78-b66f-c742fe4eea44
Which of the following does not belong to dystrophin-glycoprotein complex
Perlecan
Dystrophin
Dystroglycan
Sarcoglycan
0a
single
Perlecan is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that plays a crucial role in tissue development and organogenesis. Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex provides a structural link between the cytoskeleton of the muscle cell and the extracellular matrix, which appears to stabilize the...
Physiology
General physiology
0872023a-b442-4c33-8fb4-e916e3cbc681
Patient came to the OPD with recent onset photphobia within 24 hours and sloughing corneal ulcer. There is greenish ulcer base. Which of the following can be the causative organism:
Acanthamoeba
Nocardia
Pseudomonas
Herpes
2c
single
Pseudomonas Ulcer Rapid onset & Greenish ulcer base Produce biofilm that cause resistance MC cause of infection in contact lens users Nocardia ulcer resembles fungal ulcer in its characteristics.
Ophthalmology
Diseases of Cornea
b369df7e-9844-445d-911d-e14306aaf867
Culture media used for leptospira
MYPA agar
BYCE agar
EMJH Medium
Skirrow's medium
2c
single
Culture media for leptospira is EMJH media, Korthof's, Stuart's and fletcher's media.
Microbiology
null
dd9154c8-18f3-40ee-9309-5be6f26e6818
The advantage of using a tooth positioner as a retainer is :
Final setting of occlusion
Used in uncooperative patients
Esthetics
Gingival margin inflamed during orthodontic treatment
3d
single
The use of a tooth positioner rather than final settling archwires has two advantages:  It allows the fixed appliance to be removed somewhat more quickly than otherwise would have been the case (i.e., some finishing that could have been done with the final archwires can be left to the positioner) It serves not only to...
Dental
null
0c1fe138-cff1-4040-a4cc-b16466e99a3e
Cryosurgery is used in treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It is appropriate in all except
Transformation zone lying entirely on ectocervix.
Smooth cervical surface without deep crevices.
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia -3.
CIN limited to two quadrants of the cervix.
2c
multi
Cryosurgery is generally not favoured for treatment of CIN-3 due to higher rates of disease persistence following treatment, and lack of histologic specimen to exclude occult invasive cancer.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
a67701a3-f954-488a-875d-12f4fd7ef127
In respiratory and GIT infections, which is the most affected immunoglobulin -
IgA
IgG
IgM
IgD
0a
single
IgA Antibody:- IgA is the second most abundant antibody (2nd highest for DHS). It is of two types: Serum IgA: Predominantly in monomeric form. Secretory IgA (SIgA): It is dimeric (valency four); Secretory IgA is responsible for Mucosal /local immunity. IgA also exist in two subclasses/isotypes: IgA1 is mainly found in ...
Microbiology
Immunology Pa 1 (Immune Response, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Hypersensitivity, Structure of Immune System, Immunodeficiency Disorders)
745dd5aa-461f-4928-9b6a-6bcd597d685e
All are risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma except
Ultraviolet radiation
Tar
Tobacco
HPV 18
3d
multi
Ultraviolet radiation, chronic inflammation, and chemical carcinogens (arsenicals, tar) and infection with HPV 5 and 16.There is also evidence that current and previous tobacco use doubles the relative risk of SCC.Ref: Bailey and Love, 27e, page: 606
Surgery
General surgery
dc30cf9f-3905-4ae1-ac1a-97312f1567a8
Judge can ask questions: Punjab 07
During cross-examination
Examination-in-Chief
Any time during trial
Re-examination
2c
single
Ans. Any time during trial
Forensic Medicine
null
96952c56-c9f6-43f2-a638-122711492aa0
Which is not an aryl phosphate -
Parathion
TIK-20
Malathion
Paraoxon
2c
single
Organophosphate poisoning is the most common poisoning in India followed by aluminium phosphide. Organophosphorus compounds are classified as 1. Alkyl compounds -- such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), hexa ethyl tetraphosphate (HETP), octa methyl pyrophosphate (OMPA), malathion etc. 2. Aryl compounds -- such as par...
Forensic Medicine
Poisoning
59165dbb-66fe-4ccd-bd9f-26c60ca3c161
A female, Lalita, aged 26 yrs accidentally takes 100 tablets of paracetamol. What is the treatment of choice -
Lavage with charcoal
Dialysis
Alkaline diuresis
Acetylcysteine
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e Acetylcysteine "In cases of moderate to severe poisoning N acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) should be given orally. It is most effective when given within 16-24 hours of overdosage. It prevents hepatic damage". - Parikh
Unknown
null
8f26f931-d9ad-4446-8735-8a2a0891cd89
True for Bochdalek hernia:
Commonly occurs on the right side
Congenital disorder
Anterior position
Breathing difficulty in newborns from day 2-3
1b
multi
Ans. B. Congenital disorderBochdalek hernia is the other name for congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It is a posterior (and not anterior) congenital defect of the diaphragm and is primarily due to lack of closure of the pleuroperitoneal cavity between the eighth and tenth week of embryonic life. Majority of cases occur o...
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
7fc5f783-e5de-47e8-be02-0b2e2d2cf123
Hypercalcemia is most commonly associated in which of the following cancers?
Renal cell cancer
Carcinoma stomach
Squamous cell carcinoma of lung
Hepatocellular carcinoma
2c
single
The most common neoplasm associated with hypercalcemia is squamous cell carcinoma. Other tumors often associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia are carcinomas of the lung, kidney, breast and ovary. Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia is caused by parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) secreted by these tumours. PTHRP ...
Pathology
General Concepts
6cbef59c-cfd7-44a3-be03-2dcde2226526
Ethanol is given in methyl alcohol poisoning because:
It inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase
It inhibit aldehyde synthetase
It binds 100 times stronger than methanol
None
0a
multi
Ethanol is preferentially metabolised by alcohol dehydrogenase over methanol.At a concenteration 100mg/DL in blood it saturates alcohol dehydrogenase over methanol &retads methanol metabolism. This reduces formation of formaldehyde & formic acid. Ref KD Tripathi 8th ed.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
a37fa7cc-898e-46b1-8909-8ea8c34e5761
A term born 6-month-old, lethargic blonde infant, presented with multiple episodes of vomiting, poor feeding, convulsions and severe psychomotor retardation. O/E: - Microcephaly with prominent maxillae and widely spaced teeth Blue iris Seborrheic or eczematoid rash Spasticity, hyperreflexia, and tremor Musty odour of u...
May be caused due to the deficiency of cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin BH4
Tandem mass spectrometry is useful in the diagnosis.
The complications can't be prevented by restricting the use of the involved amino acid in diet.
Pegvaliase can be given in adults suffering from this.
2c
multi
This is a case of Phenylketonuria. Autosomal recessive Deficiency of Phenylalanine hydroxylase May also be due to deficiency of cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin BH4 Leads to hyperphenylalaninemia - Impairs brain development Normal at bih Becomes symptomatic later on in life Present with seizures, hypopigmentation of skin a...
Unknown
Integrated QBank
7d0da418-4874-4cf7-b692-7ac48dae2708
PK reactio detects -
IgG
IgA
IgE
IgM
2c
single
The Prausnitz-Kustner test (PK test, Prausnitz-Kustner reaction) is an immunologic test formerly used by physicians to determine if a patient has an allergic reaction to a specific antigen i.e, IgE Ref: Ananthanarayan & Parkers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:98
Microbiology
Immunology
9fd65ddc-1d99-4f2a-9cde-eb506e3f3aef
Most common cause of facial nerve palsy:
Idiopathic Bell's palsy
Herpes zoster oticus
Mastoid surgery
Chronic suppurative Otitis media
0a
single
Facial Nerve - Course Intracranial pa 15-17mm Intra temporal pa Meatal segment 8-10mm Labyrinthine segment 4.0mm Tympanic / horizontal segment 11.0mm Mastoid / veical segment 13.0mm Extracranial pa Branches Greater superficial petrosal nerve 1st branch Nerve to stapedius Chorda tympani Communicating branch Posterior au...
ENT
FMGE 2018
58414fd5-9a46-4f3e-9877-99124ced85fd
Sinus of Morgagni is between:
Middle constrictor and inferior constrictor
Middle constrictor and superior constrictor
Superior constrictor and skull
None of the above
2c
multi
Sinus of Morgagni is a gap between the base of skull and the upper concave border of superior constrictor muscle. Structures passing through that are: Auditory tube, levator palati muscle, ascending palatine artery and palatine branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery.
Anatomy
null
cf27425c-59c2-4d8c-90c9-8fe4c02249df
The typical bone marrow finding in ITP is:March 2004
Absent megakaryocytes
Foam cells
Increased megakaryocytes
Fragmented megakaryocytes
2c
single
Ans. C i.e. Increased megakaryocytesDiagnosis of ITPDespite the destruction of platelets by splenic macrophages, the spleen is normally not enlarged.In fact, an enlarged spleen should lead to a search for other possible causes for the thrombocytopenia.Bleeding time is usually prolonged in ITP patients.Normal bleeding t...
Pathology
null
eaae9ff2-57e0-4987-91b7-aa9ee8d1d304
The final sugars in intestinal chyme are
Glucose and fructose
Ribose and mannose
Ribose and xylulose
Xylulose and fructose
0a
single
null
Physiology
null
b89a8870-4b04-40a5-b61c-08b2f20f955a
Abdominal ultra-sonography in a 3 year old boy show a solid circumscribed hypoechnoic renal mass. Most likely diagnosis is -
Wilm's tumor
Renal cell carcinoma
Mesoblastic nephroma
Oncocytoma
0a
single
Amongst the given options only Wilms tumor is common at 3 years of age :-  Wilm's tumor                  → young children (mean 3 years) Mesoblastic nephroma     → < 1 year Renal cell carcinoma        → > 40 years Oncocytoma                    → 25-95 years (mean 65)
Radiology
null
602e8406-1778-4b75-9fd9-9fd67000b90e
The term that best describes the nuclear dissolution is
Pyknosis
Karyorrhexis
Karyolysis
None of the above
2c
multi
Pyknosis is condensation of nucleus. Karyorrhexis is fragmentation of nucleus. Karyolysis is dissolution of nucleus.
Pathology
null
38548ecb-a51d-4c93-bb67-bd82e9d4af79
Which of the following test is used to estimate the amount of fetal maternal hemorrhage:
Coomb's test
Apt test
Liley's spectrophotometer
Kleihauer betke test
3d
single
KLEIHAUER BETKE TEST or ACID ELUTION TEST done to measure the amount of feto maternal hemorrhage usually in an Rh negative mother to calculate the dose of anti D required This method is based on the fact that an acid solution (citric acid phosphate buffer, pH 3.5) elutes the adult but not the fetal hemoglobin from the ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Obstetrics
c8b518b5-9d0e-4188-a73e-4ddcb59365e0
Failure to initiate and maintain spontaneous respiration following birth is clinically k/a –
Birth asphyxia
RDS–Respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory failure
Pulmonary oedema
1b
multi
null
Pediatrics
null
12e7ce79-1a49-41e2-b806-16ac4daee47d
In volume cycled ventilation the inspiratory' flow rate is set at:
140-160 L/min
110-130L/min
60-100 L/min
30-50L/mm
2c
single
In volume cycled ventilation the inspiratory flow rate is usually set at 60-100 U/min to allow greater expiration time for each breath. Use of high inspiratory flow rate can minimize end inspiratory lung volume and intrinsic PEEP, but it can cause higher peak airway pressures. Volume cycled assist control mode of venti...
Anaesthesia
null
19950a16-a96f-42d6-baef-f52950186f2b
Which of the following statement is/are true about Obstructive lung disease ?
mMRC dyspnea scale ,grade 2 includes shoness of breath when hurrying up inclines
Decreased FEV1/FVC ,TLC is increased
Normal PEFR and decreased in Lung volume
Roflumilast is introduced in management of COPD in Group C
1b
multi
Acute asthma and Emphysema- TLC | due to air trapping Myasthenia gravis- TLC | RV| Obstructive Restrictive | in airflow | Lung volume - Expiratory -Inspiratory COPD Asthma Bronchiectasis ILD Scoliosis NM causes FEV1-| FVC- Normal or | TLC - Normal or | | PEFR Normal | | |PEFR Management of COPD Group A Low Risk, low sy...
Medicine
COPD and Asthma
6d0376b2-01a1-4bb7-a704-26adee194bf5
Diplopia is not a presenting feature in:
Manifest squint
Paralytic squint
Latent squint
Anisometropia
2c
single
C i.e. Latent squint Hetrophoria or latent strabismus is a condition in which there is a tendency to misalignment of the visual axis, which is corrected by the fusional capacity. Often latent squints give no trouble until the demand of near vision increase the strain. No symptoms arise, perhaps, until after reading or ...
Ophthalmology
null
d67a810d-ee8d-4738-8547-b7f42558fe6d
Not a branch of external carotid aery:-
Superior thyroid
Ophthalmic
Lingual
Ascending pharyngeal
1b
single
Branch of ECA: - Superior thyroid aery Lingual aery Facial aery Anteriorly Ascending pharyngeal aery medially Occipital aery Posteriorly Posterior auricular aery Superficial temporal aery Maxillary aery Terminal aery Branches of ICA Ophthalmic aery Anterior choroidal aery Anterior cerebral Middle cerebral Posterior com...
Anatomy
JIPMER 2018
9c40aa07-0f46-43b6-b8c0-82de8d34dc21
Not a marker for hyperparathyroidism is :
Increase in serum calcium
Increase in 24 hour urinary calcium excretion
Decrease in serum calcitonin
Subperiosteal resorption of phalanges
2c
single
Answer is C (Decrease in serum calcitonin) : Serum calcitonin is no marker fir hyperparathyroidism. It antagonizes the actions of parathyroid hormone and may be used as a modality of treatment of hypercalcemia secondary to hyperparathyroidism. Markers of hyperparathyroidism (|ed PTH): 1. Increased serum calcium: Stimul...
Medicine
null
a4be5e8f-df2e-47c3-bd52-8a502b42c096
Which of the following is TRUE about branchial cyst?
Usually seen along the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Mostly arises from 2nd branchial system
Always present in preschool children
Conservatory treatment is indicated
1b
multi
Branchial cleft cysts usually present as a soft cystic mass along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. These lesions are usually recognized in the second or third decades of life. To prevent recurrent infection and possible carcinoma, they should be completely excised, along with their fistulous tract...
Surgery
null
d7c32d13-4b43-4d79-90aa-6a059cca55e0
In a UK study, it was found that there were more deaths from asthma than the sale of anti-asthma drugs. This is an example of:
Cohort study.
Case reference study.
Ecological study.
Experimental study.
2c
single
null
Dental
null
1dec7811-ae14-4d26-9470-0c73a4f8d0aa
Pawaer burr, appearance on laparoscopy is characteristic of :
Endometriosis
Endometroid tumour
Epithelial ovarian tumour
Endometrial cancer
0a
single
Endometriosis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
f10db7ed-acb5-46dd-9714-e1079a390de9
An adult female patient presents with asthma symptoms for at least 4 days a week and wakes up at night due to breathlessness approximately 2 -3 days in a month. she is classified to be having.
Severe persistent Asthma
Mild persistent Asthma
Intermittent Asthma
Moderate persistent Asthma
1b
single
null
Medicine
null
eef73746-8a75-4d05-befb-67d65f405a3f
Which structure(s) passes behind the inguinal ligament -a) Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerveb) Superficial epigastric arteryc) Psoas majord) Femoral veine) Saphenous vein
abc
ad
bc
acd
3d
single
Structures passing deep to inguinal ligament. -        Psoas major, Iliacus, pectineus -        Femoral nerve and vessels -        Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh -        Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve -        Lymphatics
Anatomy
null
33d9bc14-330b-42c8-b597-0a4388ba22df
I/V contrast is not used in –
HRCT
MRI
IVP
Myelography
3d
single
IV contrast agent is given in :- X-ray based investigation (Radiocontrast agent) :- Radiography (simple x-ray), CT-Scan. MRI (MR contrast agents). Ultrasound (USG contrast agents). IVP (intravenous pyelography) as the name suggests, the contrast agent is given intravenously. In myelography, the contrast agent is in...
Radiology
null
241f1ab2-55fa-4a54-8351-6db48a5bcf4a
Patient with persistent diarrhea & hypotension. Diagnosis -
VIPoma
ACTHoma
GRFoma
Glucagnoma
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., VIPoma Pancreatic Neuroendocrine TumorsTumourBiologicaly active peptide secretedTumour locationMalignant percentageMain symptoms and signsGastrinoma (non b cell tumour)GastrinDuodenum (70%) Pancreas (25%) other sites (5%)60-90o Pain (79-J 00%)o Diarrhoea (30-73%)o GERD (30-35%)o Peptic ulcerInsulinoma...
Medicine
G.I.T.
ba5b5d9c-6e4d-4073-a17a-2cf5247d2c1e
Lamina densa of the basal lamina beneath the epithelium is composed of
Type I Collagen
Type II Collagen
Type III Collagen
Type IV Collagen
3d
single
null
Dental
null
05987701-c793-4312-9f50-17a2420f70e6
Haascheiben cells in epidermis are responsible for?
Touch
Temperature
Pressure
Proprioception
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Touch
Skin
null
28e5fc62-670b-4c5a-90fe-531e5638943d
Pancytopenia with cellular marrow is seen in all Except:
Megaloblastic anemia
Myelodysplasia
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
G6 PD deficiency
3d
multi
Answer is D (G-6PD Deficiency) Glucose - 6 - PD Deficiency is not associated with Pancytopenia and a cellular marrow Myelodysplasias, PNH and Megaloblastic anemia (Vit B12,Folate deficiency) may present with Pancytopenia and a cellular marrow.
Medicine
null
9e4156f1-ffbe-462c-ab24-8c77494d025c
The following are adverse effects of SSRIs except
Weight changes
Diarrhoea
Delayed ejaculation
Galactorrhea
3d
multi
Galactorrhea is a side effect of hyperprolactinemia is not usually seen with SSRIs Side effects of SSRIs include weight changes, delayed ejaculation,diarrhoea,bleeding , discontinuation syndrome,insomnia. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
4fce6607-dcce-4b01-bb64-40c4d8cc968a
The germinal cell layer surrounding the oocyte before ovulation is known as :
Zona pellucida
Zona reticularis
Cumulous oophorus
Zona glomerulosa
2c
single
In one area , the granulosa cells are collected together to form a projection into the cavity of graffian follicle. This projection is referred to as the discus proligerus or cumulus oophorus. The ovum itself lies within it.With the exception of area around the discus, the peripheral granulosa cells form a layer only a...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
1f10b85e-0f5b-4265-97c2-c4c1b8b13252
Folie a deux is
OCD
Shared delusion disorder
Hysteria
Neurasthenia
1b
single
Shared psychotic disorder or folie a deux, the characteristic feature is the transmission of delusions from "inducer" (primary patient), who is the "originally" ill patient and suffers from a psychotic disorder to another person who may share the inducer's delusions in entirety or in pa. the person who receives the del...
Psychiatry
Personality disorders
df6cb8f2-27d5-41be-a8b1-32cdda520ca6
After the death of the 78 years old male patient in a hospital , who was suffering from COPD. His relatives entered the hospital with heavy sharp weapons and damaged the hospital propey and stared abusing and beating the doctor as well as his staff, Violence against a medical practitioner is considered as:
Non-cognizable and non-bailable offense
Non-cognizable and bailable offense
Cognizable and bailable offense
Cognizable and non-bailable offense
3d
single
Medical protection act: The Act, covering doctors affiliated to institutions as well as independent practitioners, outlaws attacks against physicians and damage to their propey. Offenders can get a jail term of up to 3 years and a fine of Rs 50,000. As per the medicare service persons and damage to propey in medicare s...
Forensic Medicine
Medical Jurisprudence
c132f6f0-3e32-4a1a-9f86-4f2410c31ab4
Which soft tissue sarcoma commonly gives to bone secondaries: (PGI June 2008)
Fibrosarcoma
Liposarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Neurofibroma
2c
single
Ans. C (Osteosarcoma) "Any cancer can spread to bone ,but in adults more than 75% of skeletal metastases originate from cancers of the prostate,breast,kidney & lung. In children, metastases to bone originate from Neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumor, Osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma & Rhabdomyosarcoma"- Robbins7th/1303Sarcoma Metast...
Orthopaedics
Osteogenic Sarcoma
6d71ffb5-12aa-46f1-84a3-1849029c6f93
The intermediate host for T. Saginata is:
Man
Cow
Dog
Pig
1b
single
Cow
Microbiology
null
98dce37e-30db-461f-81bd-8fc6e3c21dca
Which of the following is associated with cough?
Lisinopril
Propranolol
Verapamil
Sodium nitroprusside
0a
single
Ans: a (Lisinopril) Ref: KDT, 6th ed, p. 484* Cough is a side effect of ACE-1.* Bradykinin and substance P seem to be responsible for the cough. Thromboxane antagonism, aspirin, and iron supplementation reduce cough induced by ACE inhibitors. Once ACE inhibitors are stopped, the cough disappears, usually within 4 days....
Pharmacology
ACE Inhibitors
8821ae63-6fe0-4ddd-912e-de5be35752f4
Lowest most level of integration of stretch reflex is at
Cerebral cortex
Lower Medulla
Spinal cord
All of the above
2c
multi
null
Physiology
null
b74d5aca-2c9f-42ed-8184-98c465b7ac61
Wernicke&;s encephalopathy involves
Mammillary body
Thalamus
Frontal lobe
Arcuate fasciculus
0a
single
Wernicke's encephalopathy : The neuropathological lesions are symmetrical and paraventricular, involving the mammillary bodies, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the midbrain, the pons, the medulla, the fornix, and the cerebellum. Ref: Synopsis of Psychiatry, 11th edition, page 632.
Psychiatry
Substance abuse
824706cb-9571-4bcd-ae12-d893256f0c35
When VA/Q is infinity, it means
Dead space
The PO2 of alveolar air is 159 mmHg and PCO2 is 40 mmHg
Paial pressure of O2 and CO are equal
Atelectasis
0a
single
-Ventilation / perfusion ratio - normal = 4l/min/5l/min=0.8 - AV/Q= INFINITY - Means Perfusion (Q) to lungs is zero that is blood supply to that area is hindered making it awasted ventilationin those alveoli. - This may be due to pulmonary embolism causing |ed Physiological DEAD space . DEAD SPACE- Some of the air a pe...
Physiology
NEET Jan 2020
95fbb4f0-8b34-4251-b067-03673cedc609
Which is true regarding Savage syndrome?
Receptor defect to gonadotrophic hormones
Sho stature
Ovaries do not contain follicles
FSH is normal
0a
multi
In Savage syndrome, there is receptor defect to gonadotrophic hormones. The clinical features resemble autoimmune disease. Height is normal. The ovaries contain follicles. FSH is raised. Ref: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 18th edition, p286
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
0c4db971-ade8-4aeb-8c6f-0bbcd0212c39
What is the dosage of retinol palmitate for early stages of xerophthalmia: September 2011
90 mg orally on two successive days
100 mg orally on two successive days
110 mg orally on two successive days
120 mg orally on two successive days
2c
multi
Ans. C: 110 mg orally on two successive days Nearly all of the early stages of xerophthalmia can be reversed by administration of a massive dose (2,00,000 IU or 110 mg of retinol palmitate) orally on 2 successive days Xerophthalmia/ Dry eyes Condition in which the eye fails to produce tears. Xerophthalmia caused by a s...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
3812332f-67f7-4c05-860e-c6c0e51325bc
Which among the following organisms causes Buruli ulcer?
M. Marinum
M. Ulcerans
M. kansasii
M. Smegmatis
1b
single
Ans. B. M. UlceransM. Ulcerans causes Buruli ulcer.* It starts as a nodule or papule which progresses further to form a shallow necrotic ulcer.* Children (5-15 years old) have the highest incidence of Buruli ulcers, with most lesions on the lower extremities.Image: Extensive Buruli ulcer
Skin
Bacterial Infection of Skin
8b679fd4-ddf7-4292-8db8-815e18215fdd
A 41 year old patient presented with chronic diarrhoea for 3 months. A d-xylose absorption test was ordered to look for:
Carbohydrate malabsorption due to mucosa] disease
Carbohydrate malabsorption due to chronic pancreatitis
Fat malabsorption due to mucosal disease
Fat malabsorption due to chronic pancreatitis
0a
single
Ans is A (Carbohydrate malabsorption due to mucosal disease) `The urinary D-xylose test for carbohydrate absorption provides an assessment of proximal small intestine mucosal function.' Urinary D-xylose test: Principle D-xylose is a `pentose. that is completely absorbed almost exclusively in the proximal small intestin...
Medicine
null
937dc386-a681-40b5-891f-3e2a125907cf
Which of the following extraocular muscles does not arise from annulus:
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Superior oblique
3d
single
The annulus of Zinn, also known as the annular tendon or common tendinous ring, is a ring of fibrous tissue surrounding the optic nerve at its entrance at the apex of the orbit.It can be used to divide the regions of the superior orbital fissure.The aeries surrounding the optic nerve are sometimes called the "circle of...
Anatomy
null
7e09fed0-c064-482b-802c-77f23bd4a1c2
Compared to follicular Ca, papillary Ca of thyroid have :a) More male preponderanceb) Bilateralityc) Local recurrence commond) Increased mortalitye) Increased lymph node metastasis.
ab
bce
acd
ace
1b
single
null
Surgery
null
9c65da0f-5b74-4a30-9da0-fbe0a9dee64a
Ptosis is due to:
3rd CN palsy
4th CN palsy
5th CN palsy
6th CN palsy
0a
single
Ans. (a) 3rd CN palsy (oculomotor)Ref.:BDC 6th ed. Vol-III/361-62* Ptosis is drooping of eyelid.* Eyelid is comprised of 4 muscles:Muscles, their innervation and functionMuscleCN innervationFunction* LPSIIIOpens the eyelid* Muller's muscleT1 (NOT a CN; sympathetic nerve)Opens eyelid when LPS tired* FrontalisVIICloses t...
Anatomy
Orbit
07d8e80e-51bc-4550-b39e-aeede6810447
True about isoenzymes is/are
Different km value
Consist of multimeric complex
Have different physical properties
All of these
3d
multi
Consist of multimeric complex & `e' i.e., Have different physical properties isozymes are the physically distinct forms of the same enzymes that catalyze the same reaction, and differ from each other structurally, electrophoretically and immunologically. They differ in their physical properties because of genetically ...
Biochemistry
null
6dc3ca7d-e70e-4a71-9d19-d8ca18fe74cc
Which of the following is not an action of epinephrine when administered intravenously in a high dose?
Increases liver glycogenolysis
Causes broachiolar constriction
Evokes extrasystoles in the heart
Produces restlessness and anxiety
1b
single
null
Pharmacology
null
5e5a624d-7d19-459a-8462-97deb1ede7d5
Osteoclast has specific receptor for:
Parathyroid hormone
Calcitonin
Thyroxin
Vit D3
1b
single
Calcitonin receptor is expressed in osteoclasts. Calcitonin inhibits bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclasts; and promotes Ca2+ from blood to be deposited on the bone. This decreases blood Ca2+. PTH is a primary endocrine regulator of bone remodeling in adults. The PTH/PTHrP receptor is expressed on osteoblasts, but ...
Physiology
Endocrine System
968f0797-5a02-45e6-8ddc-2174b37144ee
All are true about precocious puberty except -
Secondary sexual characters before the age of 8 years
Secondary sexual characters before the age of 6 years
Menstruation before the age of 10 years
Most common cause is constitutional
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary sexual characters before the age of 6 years o Precocious puberty is the appearance of appropriate secondary sexual characters before the age of 8 years and occurrence of menstruation before 10 years of chronological age.o It is divided into the following types:A) Gonadotropin dependent preco...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Disorders in Menstruation
57fa1424-b761-4bfd-b26a-5d69ec3c3752
Initiation of nerve impulse occurs at the axon hillock because :
It has a lower threshold than the rest of axon
It is unmyelinated
Neurotransmitter release occurs here
None of the above
0a
multi
A i.e. It has lower threshold than rest of axonAxon hillock is the initial segment of neuron, nerve impulses begin in this initial segment of axon because it has lowest threshold potential.QAxon hillock:- This is a thickened area of cell body from which originates the long fibrous axon.AP is generated in this segment b...
Physiology
null