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55254e9d-0d82-4e84-b0db-54204312a9d2 | The following enzyme is required for the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway: | Glucose-6-phosphatase | Phosphorylase | Aldolase | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | 3d | single | Glucose-6-phosphate is oxidized by NADP+ dependent Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD). 6-phospho glucono lactone is formed.
One molecule of NADPH is formed in the reaction. This is the rate-limiting step. Regulation is effected by this enzyme
Reference: Vasudevan 7th ed, pg 130 | Biochemistry | null |
05c12aae-06d5-4e38-be86-9c6eda7aa538 | Chronic Laxative abuse can result in the formation of which type of stone: | Xanthine | Cysteine | Ammonium urate | Struvite | 2c | single | Ref. API Textbook of Medicine. Pg. 784
Urinary stones due to chronic laxative abuse is due to gastrointestinal loss of fluid and electrolytes leads to chronic depletion of urinary volume ,relative super saturation and many other pathophysiologic derangements .
These calculi are generally radiolucent with uric acid an... | Unknown | null |
7d8e60cd-1758-4bd5-b50b-b23d1a020f5d | Following are side effects of Nimodipine except ? | Hypotension | Flushing | Headache | Marked changes m GIT motility | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Marked changes in GI motility Hypotension, headache, drowsiness, nausea, ankle edema, palpitation and flushing are common side effects of DHPs (including nimodipine). o Change in GI motility (constipation) is more common with verapamil. | Pharmacology | null |
887c40ca-3a2b-43ba-ad61-bae6c5f06a00 | Fetal exsanguination can occur if - | Vasa previa | Placentaprevia | Polyhydramnios | Oligohydramnios | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vasa previa Vasa previao In it a leash of blood vessels happens to traverse through the membranes overlying the internal os, in front of presenting part. Rupture of membranes involving the overlying vessels leads to vaginal bleeding. As it is entirely fetal blood, this may result in fetal exsanguinati... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Hydramnios and Oligo Hydramnios |
a0bf81a8-ec70-4554-870b-0898e550e96e | First to be developed is - | Neural pit | Neural groove | Neural fold | Primitive streak | 3d | single | null | Anatomy | null |
8f2b3705-f079-426b-802c-204bf0f62e71 | A G2P1 female at 35 weeks experiences uterine contractions. No fetal distress is seen and membranes are not ruptured. Which of the following is to be done? | 12 mg betamethasone injection | Vaginal swab culture | Tocolytic therapy | Cervical cerclage | 1b | single | 12 mg beta methasone injection is is indicated in all pregnancies at risk of preterm labour between 28 and 35 weeks to attain LUNG MATURITY. Since there is no indication of fetal distress it is not given. Tocolytics are used to inhibit contractions and keep the uterus quiescent in case of preterm labour.But it is not i... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormal labor |
22f4cb9a-55ab-40a9-80d7-8b11126bfae1 | Corneal thickness is measured using - | Pachymetry | Keratometer | CT scan | Aesthisiometry | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pachymetry o Corneal Pachymetry: It is the method to measure the corneal thicknesso The following are the other methods of measuring corneal thickness:a) Ultrasoundb) Ultrasound biomicroscopy and very high frequency ultrasoundc) Optical slit lamp pachymetryd) Specular microscopy basede) Scanning slit ... | Ophthalmology | Cornea |
a33edf90-0ae4-4b19-a10c-42b5500161e5 | A hypeensive patient who is a chroic smoker presented with recurrent hemoptysis. On examination he had cushingoid features. Investigations revealed raised ACTH levels not suppressed by dexamethasone. The single diagnosis which can account for all his symptoms is | Multiple endocrine neoplasia I | Pituitary adenoma | Adrenocoical adenoma | Ectopic ACTH producing tumor | 3d | multi | Harmonies produced by small cell carcinoma ACTH,ADH,CALCITONIN,GONADOTROPIN. Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 601 | Medicine | Respiratory system |
34ba77fd-6010-472b-bf04-1f4cfc7de56c | The following neurotransmitter is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA: | Acetylcholine | Glutamine | Aspaate | NO | 0a | single | Acetylcholine is seen in synaptic vesicles in high concentration in the terminals of cholinergic neurons. It is synthesized in the nerve terminal from choline and acetyl-CoA by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Choline used in the synthesis of acetylcholine is transpoed from the extracellular space into the ... | Biochemistry | null |
6039080a-1c9c-4ffe-920d-ca4b9effcc67 | True about Trichotillomania is | Irresistible desire to set fire | Irresistible desire to steal things | Associated with patchy hair loss | Pathological gambling | 2c | multi | (C) Associated with patchy hair loss # TRICHOTILLOMANIA (compulsive hair-pulling)> It is characterized by noticeable hair loss caused by person's persistent and recurrent failure to resists impulses to pull out hair.> There is an intense urge to pull out hair with mounting tension before the act and a sense of relief a... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
4f90573b-d9d2-48a3-a77e-91e6ed5e2b18 | A female patient with signs of meningitis and CSF showing gram positive cocobacilli, which is showing characteristic tumbling motility. Diagnosis is | Listeria | Meningococcus | H. influenzae | Pneumococcus | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Listeria Information in this question are :- Gram positive Cocobacilli Tumbling motility Listeria is gram positive coccobacilli and shows characteristic tumbiling motility when grown at 25degC. Other options can easily be excludes as no one has tumbling motility (charactristic of Listeria) and no one ... | Microbiology | null |
99a257c2-db1a-491b-8762-c9a882dc60fd | Sterilization is commonly performed at which site of fallopian tube: | Ampulla | Infundibulum | Isthmus | Cornua | 2c | multi | I have given these 2 questions simultaneously so that you understand how the answer changes as the options of the question change. Sterilization is done at the junction of proximal and middle third—the loop formed consists mainly of isthmus and part of the ampullary region of the tube.
Therefore, if in options isthmoam... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6b71832b-e27e-402e-b682-259088252b49 | Pisiform bone articulates with? | Triquetral | Lunate | Scaphoid | Trapezoid | 0a | single | Ans. (a) TriquetralRef: Snell's 8th ed / 402 | Anatomy | Hand |
39cfe246-9481-4ccb-843d-b8e8346a01b1 | Features of intestinal obstruction : clinically/investigation by :a) Abdominal distensionb) Vomitingc) Fluid level in X-ray > 4d) Localized tendernesse) Diarrhea | ac | a | ad | ab | 3d | multi | About option 'c'
> 5 air-fluid levels in x-ray abdomen suggest intestinal obstruction
Grainger's Diagnostic radiology writes - "3 to 5 fluid levels less than 2.5 cm in length may be seen, particularly in the right lower quadrant, without any evidence of intestinal obstruction or paralytic ileus." | Surgery | null |
f46abc40-015c-4d3b-8fdb-54af90876e3b | Main drawback of calcium hydroxide apexification compared with MTA: | More treatment time | Incomplete apical barrier | Incomplete coronal barrier | Reduced physical strength of dentin | 3d | single | Apexification with calcium hydroxide is almost similar when compared with MTA about given options, except achieved physical strength of dentin, which is comparatively less in Ca(OH)2. | Dental | null |
e38d91ae-3f25-436e-95b8-5c984074703b | Face bow measures relationship of maxilla to | Opening & closing axis | Mandible | Zygomatic bone | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
4c02e6c0-796e-498e-8923-af96d61f88c5 | All of the following statements about inhaled
tooth fragment are true EXCEPT | It usually enters the right bronchus | It may cause Lung abscess | It may cause bronchiectasis | It will be coughed out spontaneously no treatment is necessary | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
5692f3f7-5148-431d-a9e4-77a6db82cdab | An asymptomatic old patient presents with bruit in the carotid artery. Which of the following is the investigation of choice? | Doppler ultrasonography | Internal carotid angiography | Aortic arch angiography | Spiral CT angiography | 0a | single | Bruit over carotid artery suggests carotid artery stenosis.
Duplex scanning (B-mode scan and doppler ultrasonic velocimetry) is the method of choice for assessing the degree of carotid stenosis. | Radiology | null |
d0bdc0c5-7bbf-42b6-b1ea-db380b9989a7 | Computer controlled injection system is called: | CCD | WAND | CCI | JET | 1b | multi | WAND:
It is computer controlled injection system Dosage is controlled by computer. | Dental | null |
aebc9e17-68e4-4d78-ad6c-48bf16104c65 | Which of the following disease is seen only in females? | Autism | Asperger's syndrome | Retts disease | Colard'd disease | 2c | single | ANSWER: (C) Rett's diseaseREF: Kaplan 9th ed p. 1215RETT SYNDROMEIt is a neurodevelopmental disorder of the grey matter of the brain that almost exclusively affects females.Normal prenatal and post natal growth, normal psychomotor development through first 5 months of life.The clinical features include small hands and ... | Psychiatry | Mood Disorders |
d641f14b-a1f8-4de4-ba2b-5fef5d2bf0ed | Drug distribution in tissue true is all except ? | Chloroquine - eye | Ephedrine - bone | Digoxin - skeletal muscle | Minocycline - adipose tissue | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ephedrine - bone | Pharmacology | null |
951c6beb-03a6-4058-b00f-fad392c27f9c | A 25-year-old man presents 1 week after discovering that his left testicle is twice the normal size. Physical examination reveals a nontender, testicular mass that cannot be transilluminated. Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin are normal. A hemiorchiectomy is performed, and histologic ex... | Desmin | Dystrophin | Cytochrome c | Telomerase | 3d | single | The given histological examination is indicative of embryonal carcinoma. The tumor cells are large and have basophilic cytoplasm, indistinct cell borders, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli.The neoplastic cells may be arrayed in undifferentiated, solid sheets or may form primitive glandular pattern. Somatic cells do ... | Pathology | General Concepts |
39608ccd-b191-4c72-a498-8191d5e53e96 | Tirofiban is a : | Monoclonal antibody | Antiplatelet drug | Anti-inflammatory drug | Antianginal drug | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
a699a9ad-8c95-4e5a-861c-7a69b1a4278e | Aortic sinus of Valsalva contributes to left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) function by | Increasing aortic radius during ejection phase | Decreasing aortic regurgitation (normally) | Promoting non-turbulent flow in coronary arteries | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. D (All of the above) (Ref. Gray's anatomy 39th ed., 1009, 1016)The right and left coronary arteries to originate from the right and left aortic sinuses (the sinuses of Valsalva), which are bulges at the origin of the ascending aorta immediately beyond, or distal to, the aortic valve.The left ventricular outflow tr... | Unknown | null |
678d928c-21d3-47ac-9f11-e11f1db16d8c | Uterine sarcomas constitute about.................................... % of all malignant growth of uterus : | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. 5% Uterine sarcomas are rare tumors comprising 4.5 % of all malignant growths of uterus. The tumour arises most frequently in female between 40 - 50 years, rare before 30 years. Types of Sarcomas : Intramuraldeg - tumour arises in the myometrium (most common) - Consistency is soft and friable. The cut su... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
fe8a30a2-bd2e-45bb-98af-07883128b069 | Glucose is reabsorbed in which pa? | Early PCT | Henle loop | Collecting duct | Distal convoluted tubule | 0a | single | Pa Reabsorption Secretion PCT Glucose 100% Amino acid 100% Na along with glucose by SGLT 2 Chloride (manly in late pa of PCT ) Bicarbonate Bile salts Hydrogen ion Creatinine Uric acid Drugs LOOP OF HENLE Descending limb - water Ascending limb - Na , k , Cl by 1NA 2Cl 1k cotranspoer , Slight reabsorption of cation such ... | Biochemistry | FMGE 2018 |
03b5aa6d-5a20-4c1a-8515-382bb5736034 | Sterility is caused by - | Vinca alkaloids | Alkylating agents | Antimetabolites | Actinomycin D | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alkylatings agents Alkylating agents may contribute to sterility by the following effects : Azoospermia in males Amenorrhea and ovarian atrophy in females Specific toxicity of impoant alkylating agents. o Cyclophosphamide ---> Cystitis, alopecia, SIADH o Ifosfamide ---> Cystitis, SIADH, neurotoxicity ... | Pharmacology | null |
22fcd60a-9784-4ad8-a107-2d08d0d4b160 | Which of the following immunoglobulins shows homocytotropism - | IgG | IgA | IgE | IgD | 2c | single | IgE is an 8 S molecule. - resemble IgG structurally. - heat liable - an affinity for the surface of tissue cells paicularly mast cells of the same species. This feature is called homocytotropism. - the normal serum contains only traces of IgE ( a few nanograms per ml ) - greatly elevated levels in atopic conditions lik... | Microbiology | Immunology |
8dcbb51e-0682-49c1-b216-0ee9c148fe81 | 1st product of tryptophan Catabolism | Kynurenine | Xantheurenic acid | Bradykinin | Melatonin | 0a | single | Kynurenine is formed from tryptophan in presence of enzyme tryptophan pyrrolaseRef: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, page no: 239, fig 18.8 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
fb42f13d-599b-4575-941d-f15c36830021 | Radiation induced cataract is | Shield cataract | Antrior polar cataract | Posterior Subcapsular cataract | Alpo syndrome | 2c | single | Radiation can cause Posterior subcapsular cataract Lens is the most sensitive pa of eye for radiation induced damage Miscellaneous Cataract impoant for PGMEE * Sunflower cataract: Wilson disease, chalcosis. * Polychromatic Lusture- Complicated cataract * Coicosteroid: Posterior subcapsular cataract. (Topical steroids c... | Ophthalmology | Cataract |
17bd436d-a6b1-45e7-9df3-f2f192d600ca | Which of the following is a characteristic of physiological jaundice of newborn? | Appears within 1st 24 hours of life | Involves palms and soles also | Clinical jaundice usually disappears after 1 month age | It is always unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia | 3d | multi | Physiological jaundice- always unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia | Pediatrics | Neonatal Jaundice |
52379583-452a-49d7-8c42-45704016b002 | A mother brought her 18 month boy to the pediatrician, with the complaint that her son did not have any teeth till now. All of the following can be the underlying causes EXCEPT: | Pierre Robin sequence | Cleidocranial dysostosis | Rickets | Hypothyroidism | 0a | multi | Delayed Dentition QDef: When no Teeth Erupts By 13 Months of Age Impoant Causes Mnemonic - "FRIED Chop" - Familial - Rickets - Idiopathic - Endocrine (3 "hypos") 1. Hypo-pituitarism 2. Hypo-thyroidism 3. Hypo-parathyroidism - Down Syndrome - Cleido-cranial dysotosis (clavicles absent, large anterior fontanelle, supernu... | Pediatrics | Paediatrics |
ca2f796b-ef9a-4d84-bc30-7313f37ed320 | The drug of choice for the treatment of chlamydial infection is - | Ampicillin | Third generation cephalosporins | Metronidazole | Doxycycline | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
1a21e5af-cb65-4750-a5a2-568ffb8e2144 | Galactorrheamy be associated with the use of all the following drugs except - | Methyldopa | Tricyclic antidepressants | Pyridoxine | Phenothiazine | 2c | multi | Lactation in the absence of breast feeding is known as galactorrhea. Drugs causing galactorrhea are dopamine antagonists like antipsychotics (phenothiazines,butyrophenones),antidepressants, antiemetics and dopamine depleting drugs like reserpine , methyldopa .These dopamine antagonists elevate prolactin concentrations ... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
5246fb47-b7f8-42d5-9c97-58816b386352 | Ketamine is safe in | Raised ICT | Open eye injury | Ischemic hea disease | Severe shock | 3d | single | D i.e. Severe Shock | Anaesthesia | null |
624a5c82-b98b-4157-a113-6ce0f288b8e3 | Commonest cause for hyperparathyroidism is | Single adenoma | Multiple adenomas | Single gland hyperplasia | Multiple gland Hyperplasia | 0a | single | A parathyroid adenoma causes the affected gland to release more PTH than it should. This disrupts your calcium and phosphorus balance. This condition is called hyperparathyroidism. Ref ganong's review of medical physiology 25e | Physiology | All India exam |
2be641d2-5744-4806-824e-c3cda06e8350 | Which of the following is a Cluster B personality disorder? | Schiziod personality disorder | Narcissistic personality disorder | Dependant personality disorder | Anantastic personality disorder | 1b | single | Narcissistic personality disorder is a cluster B personality disorder.
Schiziod personality disorder is a cluster A personality disorder.
Dependant & Anankastic personality disorders are cluster C personality disorder. | Psychiatry | null |
cf6e8619-52ed-4282-a197-7d8af75b6188 | A young man is with known heroin addiction is brought in the emergency in unconscious state. On examination, the patient has decreased bowel sounds, depressed respiration and pin point pupil. The treatment of choice for this patient is: | Oral natrexone | IV naloxone | Oral diazepam | Oral Buprenorphine | 1b | single | Ref: Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry 9th/1375-76,1384 The decreased bowel sounds, respiratory depression,pin point pupil and history of heroin addiction strongly points toward the diagnosis of acute opioid poisoning. The drug of choice for acute poisoning is intravenous naloxone. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
0e8b1df9-cb2e-44bf-a5b7-4f87bd00f473 | Maximum sterilizing action is shown by which anti TB drug | Rifamipicin | INH | Pyrazinamide | Streptomycin | 2c | single | Refer Katzung 13th/819 Pyrizanimde is most effective against slow growing bacteria inside macrophages Thus it possesses strong sterilizing activity | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
f8a7225b-e250-4dec-bbbc-12f74c6bb754 | Main source of energy in 1 min is - | Glycogen | FFA | Phosphates | Glucose | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glycogen Source of energy for muscular activityo The immediate source of energy for all muscle contraction is ATP, followed immediately by creatine phosphate.o In stemous exercise ATP store is sufficient only for 1-2 seconds and creatine phosphate for another 5-7 seconds.o Thus, energy rich phosphagen... | Biochemistry | Respiratory Chain |
112594bc-90bf-445d-a26f-4444845aa069 | Definition of sleep apnoea | >10 apnoeas during 7 hours of sleep | >30 apnoeas during 7 hours of sleep | >10 apnoeas during 2 hours of sleep | >30 apnoeas during 2 hours of sleep | 1b | single | null | ENT | null |
6bd6f6f3-22da-4d52-8ec1-fec50415e17a | A 26 year old lady has been on Olanzapine for the treatment of Schizophrenia. All of the following are the ATP III (Adult Treatment Panel) criteria for metabolic syndrome, except: | Abdominal obesity | Triglyceride > 150 mg/dl | Blood pressure > 130/85 | LDL > 150 mg/dl | 3d | multi | LDL is not included in metabolic syndrome criteria. All others are indicated. The new generation anti-psychotics like Olanzapine and Risperidone increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and increase the risks of cardiovascular disease. ATP III (Adult Treatment Panel) Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome is as follows: Abdom... | Medicine | null |
4f3f2aa7-9c85-4705-a6dc-80c516f38e1f | APGAR scale in infant measures | Respiratory, Neurological, and Circulatory system | Respiratory, Neurologic, renal system | Neurological, renal, digestive system | Respiratory, Neurological and digestive system | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
e12d08da-a002-45f6-bdae-09f9c7221bd8 | Cervical warts are seen with which HPV - | 11,13 | 17,18 | 5, 8 | 6, 11 | 3d | single | Genital warts (anogenital warts or condyloma acuminata) is most commonly caused by low risk HPV that is HPV-6,11. High risk HPV that is HPV-16,18, 31, 33, 45 can lead to cervical carcinoma. | Dental | null |
bec41f8d-cdbe-4c46-b849-825117ec73cc | Breast milk at room temperature stored for? | 4 hrs | 8 hrs | 12 hrs | 24 hrs | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 8 hrs | Pediatrics | null |
1ee37513-4c6b-48c6-8da8-fa7244695f67 | A women is exposed to multiple sex paners has 5 times increased risk for - Ca. Cx the attributable risk is - | 20% | 50% | 80% | 100% | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 80% | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
01fa9ab4-c640-47a5-a5fb-03b44d5be98f | Not included in cerebellar nuclei | Dentate nuclei | Emboliform nuclei | Fastigial nuclei | Caudate nuclei | 3d | single | There are 4 deep nuclei in cerebellum: dentate, globose, emboliform, & fastigial nuclei. Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 23rd edition; pg:255 | Physiology | Nervous system |
23b5b056-1c2e-4910-a464-1b4ce2111ee3 | In reproductive and child health programme,districts are divided on the basis of – | Crude birth rate & infant mortality rate | Crude birth rate & female literacy rate | Crude death rate & crude birth rate | Couple protection rate & infant mortality rate | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
27650550-8c24-402e-be1e-2c191c4d5766 | Which is not a NNRTI - | Ritonavir | Nevirapine | Efavirenz | Delavirdine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ritonavir Antiretroviral drugsa) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) - Zidovudin, Didanosine, Zalcitabine, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Abacavir.b) Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor - Tenofovirc) Nonucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIS) - Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Delavir... | Pharmacology | Anti-Viral |
84688a80-dd0f-4168-a1d9-1f6986f461cd | Amrinone acts by- | Inhibiting phosphodiesterase | ATPase inhibitor | Calcium channel blocker | IC/ channel opener | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Inhibiting phosphodiesterase o Amrinone inhibits phosphodiesterase III | Pharmacology | null |
dde019be-3f6a-45e9-b4ac-8df223883316 | "Annular herald patch" is found in | Pityriasis alba | Pityriasis rosea | Tinea capitis | Psoriasis | 1b | single | Pityriasis roses is characterised by herald patch/ mother patch it is the first manifestation of disease in 50% of patients it is a well defined erythematous oval or round lesion 2-10 cm diameter with typical colarette of scale at the margin Most common sites - chest back,abdomen extremities. widespread rash appear aft... | Dental | Fungal infections, Scabies, Pediculosis |
c6c26c3f-5259-4bad-95de-ac25bcc12483 | Which of the following signs is classic for CT scanning in Graves ophthalmopathy: | Nodular muscle enlargement | Solitary muscle enlargement | Fusiform muscle enlargement with sparing of tendoms | Kinking of extraocular muscles. | 2c | single | Ans. Fusiform muscle enlargement with sparing of tendoms | Ophthalmology | null |
e74852ed-2a4b-4128-9294-151a214c8365 | Neutropenia is seen in all except: | Scurvy | Aplastic anemia | Typhoid fever | Chloramphenicol | 0a | multi | Ans: A (Scurvy) Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18 ed.Explanation:Severity of neutropenia based on the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) measured in cells per microliter of blood:Mild neutropenia (1000 < ANC < 1500) minimal risk of infectionModerate neutropenia (500 < ANC < 1000) -- moderate risk of infe... | Medicine | Blood |
b8996d65-ea76-4ee7-8d0c-65263144a1b0 | Which of the following vessel is injured in Hemothorax patient? | Pulmonary aery | Pulmonary vein | Bronchial aery | Intercostal aeries | 3d | single | "The most common cause of massive Hemothorax in blunt injury is continuing bleeding from torn intercostal vessels or occasionally from the internal mammary aery secondary to the fracture of ribs" | Surgery | Thorax And Mediastinum |
833ec321-bf7e-43af-a100-4b8860f9666e | Responsible for epidemic dropsy is- | Sanguinarine | Ergot alkaloids | Pyrazolidine alkaloids | A flat ox in | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sanguinarine DiseaseToxinAdulterantLathyrismBOAAKhesari Dal (Lathyrus sativus)Epidemic DropsySanguinarineArgemone mexicana (oil)Endemic AscitesPyrrolizidine alkaloidsCrotolaria seeds (Jhunjhunia)AflatoxicosisAflatoxinA spergillus fiavus/parasiticusErgotismClavine alkaloidsClaviceps Jusiformis | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and Health |
33c4541a-d39d-4619-8a56-70195f3aee53 | Early strict toilet training can result in – | Nocturnal enuresis | Encopresis | Night terror | Temper tantrums | 1b | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
caaeafcc-5e2a-4e55-977b-562b973ecf2a | One of the following will always present with Bilious vomiting - | Pyloric stenosis | Esophageal atresia | Atresia of the 3rd part of the duodenum | Malrotation of the gut | 2c | single | The CBD opens into the 2nd part of duodenum. So obstructions which are proximal to it like pyloric stenosis & esophageal atresia would not have bile in their associated vomits.
Bilious vomiting would only occur if the obstruction is distal to CBD opening.
Atresia of the 3rd part of duodenum would always produce bilious... | Surgery | null |
00dd6465-084b-44fd-b64f-dbb33bbde0e0 | A 7 year old child presents with non productive cough, mild stridor since 6 months. On oral antibiotics, patient is improving but suddenly develops wheezing, productive cough, mild fever. X-ray shows hyperlucency and PFT shows obstructive curve. Most probable diagnosis is - | Post viral syndrome | Bronchiolitis obliterans | Follicular bronchitis | Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bronchiolitis obliterance | Pediatrics | null |
4492b962-da6e-4c98-97d2-d24f50ab6900 | Human immunoglobulin is given in all except | Measles | Hepatitis B | Rabies | chickenpox | 0a | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e51c9b6a-414b-4ee7-b7b5-2f08efcffafd | Cerebellar connection to other parts of the brain is projected through which cell? | Golgi cells | Basket cells | Purkinje cells | Oligodendrocytes | 2c | single | Ans. C Purkinje cellsRef Gray's, 41sted. pg. 335-336* The axons of purkinje cells are the only output through cerebellar cortex.* However, it should be kept in mind that the output from the cerebellum is through deep nuclei, and purkinje cells axons generally pass to deep nuclei. | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy |
cd6a441e-c5cd-4b80-8662-9c0f318cabe5 | Immediate sustained permeability in cells is increased by: | Direct injury and necrosis | Endothelial gaps by histamine | Endothelial gaps by serotonin | Leucocyte mediated endothelial injury | 0a | single | Direct endothelial injury, resulting in endothelial cell necrosis and detachment:
This effect is usually encountered in necrotizing injury, and is due to direct damage to the endothelium by the injurious stimulus e.g. In severe burns or lytic lesions.
Neutrophils adhere to the endothelium, and may also injure the endo... | Pathology | null |
b70c5df7-1f19-4f5d-ab49-452a5201b7ca | Anal carcinoma is most commonly of type? | Adenocarcinoma | Epidermoid | Mixed | None of the above | 1b | multi | Epidermoid carcinoma of the anus includes squamous cell carcinoma, cloacogenic carcinoma, transitional carcinoma and basaloid carcinoma. The clinical behaviour and natural history of these tumors is similar. Ref: Schwaz 9/e, Page 1053; Maingot's 10/e, Page 1505. | Surgery | null |
9fb5b789-3ea7-4450-b4b6-c3c57cbfb0cd | Suprasellar calcification is a feature of: | Craniopharyngioma | Astrocytoma | Oligodendroglioma | Meningioma | 0a | single | Craniopharyngioma | Radiology | null |
da23ad08-bea6-4687-a13a-0d9f46829408 | A patient present with dysphagia of 4 weeks duration. Now he is able to swallow liquid food only. Which of the following is the one investigation to be done | Barium studies | Upper GI endoscopy | CT scan | Esophageal manometry | 1b | multi | investigations of carcinoma oesophagus includes, Barium swallow: Shouldering sign and irregular filling defect. * Oesophagoscopy to see the lesion, extent and type. * Biopsy for histological type and confirmation. * Chest X-ray to look for aspiration pneumonia. * Bronchoscopy, to see an invasion in upper third growth. ... | Surgery | G.I.T |
8faa8605-6516-4e35-ae42-1dc2d22a7b47 | The posterolateral lesion in the head of humerus in cases of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation is: | Banka's lesion | Hill-Sachs lesion | Reverse Hill-Sachs lesion | Greater tuberosity avulsion fracture | 1b | single | Complication of shoulder dislocation: Banka's anterior glenoid labrum: anterior tear in anterior dislocation Hill Sach's at head of Humerus: posterolateral defect in anterior dislocation Reverse Hill Sach's - anteromedial defect in posterior dislocation Light bulb signis seen on AP radiographs in theposterior dislocati... | Orthopaedics | Upper Limb Traumatology |
9f598e0b-dedd-4abb-a18f-4541cd4453d2 | Dean's technique refers to a form of | Radicular surgery | Cyst removal | Intraseptal alveoplasty | Mucoperiosteal flap | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
5177654a-6b79-4977-8188-8386033f1cbe | The periphery of retina is visualized with: | Indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy | Direct opthalmoscopy | Contact lens | All | 0a | multi | A i.e. Indirect opthalmoscopy Peripheral retina is visualized by indirect opthalmoscopy Q and biomicroscopy examination by Goldmann's three mirror contact lens. Q | Ophthalmology | null |
691664a6-4a0e-4062-a5fc-4713afd75967 | A case of severe mitral stenosis is associated with all of the following features, EXCEPT: | Pulsatile liver | Atrial fibrillation | Opening snap delayed from S2 | Increase in the length of murmur | 2c | multi | Severe mitral stenosis occurs with a valve area of less than 1 cm2 (The normal mitral valve orifice area is approximately 4-6 cm2). As the valve progressively narrows, the resting diastolic mitral valve gradient, and hence left atrial pressure, increases. This leads to transudation of fluid into the lung interstitium a... | Medicine | null |
d0d3d7b2-c404-436a-8353-8fe0eb287179 | The Cardinal movements in sequence in labour are :- | Engagement-flexion-descent-internal rotation-extension-ext. rotation | Engagement-flexion-descent-external rotation-expulsion | Engagement-descent-flexion-internal rotation-extension-external rotation | Engagement-extension-internal rotation-external rotation-expulsion | 2c | single | Cardinal movements in sequence in labour are - Head floating-Engagement-Descent- Flexion -->Internal rotation-Extension- External rotation- Anterior shoulder delivered- Posterior shoulder delivered | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Labour - normal, abnormal, malposition, malpresentation and their management |
5bb03545-67cf-4549-a6f5-467caca1504e | The spaces involved in ludwigs angina are | Sublingual | Submandibular | Submaxillary | All of the above | 3d | multi | LUDWIG'S ANGINA APPLIED ANATOMY :- Submandibular space lies between mucous membrane of the floor of mouth and tongue on one side and superficial layer of deep cervical fascia extending between the hyoid bone and mandible on the other. It is divided into two compaments by the mylohyoid muscle: 1. Sublingual compament (a... | ENT | Pharynx |
7d887bc4-619f-4b11-a235-c29044e6140c | Drug of choice for Hairy cell leukemia | Methotrexate | Gemcitabine | Cladribine | Decitabine | 2c | single | Cladribine is a purine analogue, which is DOC for Hairy cell leukemia. | Pharmacology | null |
79f8f128-76da-42d9-83cd-56237083dfb7 | Drugs used for Prophylaxis of migraine include the following except? | Sumitriptan | Valproate | Serotonergic drugs | TCAs | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
632be740-140b-4746-88b4-db3313f7408d | To observe a recurrent caries under a class II amalgam restoration, vertical angulation of the central Xrays should be | Perpendicular to the film placed | Perpendicular to theocclusal surface of the tooth | Parallel to the buccolingual plane of gingival surface of restoration | Perpendicular to the cavosurface bevels in the proximal box | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
3f44e058-4b55-4c19-8c4b-419b3568bc3a | Adult worm of Echinococcus granulosus is commonly seen in which of the given animals? | Dog | Cat | Sheep | Pig | 0a | single | (A) Dog[?]Echinococcus granulosus:oOnly found in canine host (Dog or Wolf is Definitive Host)oIntermediate host - sheep or other ruminants. Human is accidental intermediate host.-Eggs ingested-Contaminated food or water-Objects contaminatedoDog becomes infected by eating raw meat containing hydatid cyst.[?]Life Cycle:o... | Microbiology | Parasitology |
362b6c9a-e90e-4237-83d6-473d26f9af9d | Administrative unit of ICDS project in rural area is | PHC | Community development block | Zilla parishad | Gram panchayat | 1b | single | The administrative unit of an ICDS project is the community development block in rural areas, the tribal development block in tribal areas and a group of slums in urban areas.Park 23e pg: 592 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Maternal and child care |
ae229c51-781c-4cb7-a93c-1eb1d851b37f | Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is | Kimura disease | Kikuchi disease | Hodgkin's disease | Castleman's disease | 1b | single | Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a benign and self-limited disease that mainly affects young women. Patients present with localized lymphadenopathy, fever, and leukopenia in up to half of the cases. | Physiology | All India exam |
d775a341-e4bc-471c-a930-0b433f5b29a1 | What is the appropriate infusion time for the dialysate in your 38 y.o. patient with chronic renal failure? | 15 minutes | 30 minutes | 1 hour | 2 to 3 hours | 0a | single | Dialysate should be infused quickly.
The dialysate should be infused over 15 minutes or less when performing peritoneal dialysis.
The fluid exchange takes place over a period ranging from 30 minutes to several hours. | Pathology | null |
596a85ef-ae82-4e4b-94b0-aa55a4d080ff | During assessment of an analog X-ray film, the lights of a well lit operatory should : | Be made brighter | Not be changed | Be dimmed | Be put off | 2c | single | Optimal viewing conditions should allow one to collimate the light, so the light area is restricted to the size of the film. The viewer’s eyes should be blocked to surrounding light to ameliorate perception of details. Also, the ambient light in the room should be dimmed so that more details in the radiographic image c... | Dental | null |
546c3d32-0f98-4b7c-af8b-c50b4827bd9b | Comment on the diagnosis from the ECG shown below: | RCA occlusion by thrombus | LAD occlusion by thrombus | LCX occlusion by thrombus | Aefact | 0a | single | ECG shows a hea rate of 100/min with ST elevation in lead II, III , aVF and V4R. Indicates inferior wall MI and occlusion of Right coronary aery. | Medicine | ECG and Arrhythmias 1 |
8dae3db1-b5b7-4a7e-be86-ace5ce84fd7a | All of the following cells are present in cerebellum, EXCEPT: | Purkinje cells | Stellate cells | Pyramidal cells | Basket cells | 2c | multi | The pyramidal cells are seen in cerebral coex. The coex of the cerebellum consists of only three layers. They are, (1) an outer, molecular layer, (2) a middle, Purkinje layer, and (3) an inner, granular layer. The molecular layer has the least cellular density and consists of two types of neurons, stellate cells and ba... | Anatomy | null |
571e5a1f-e1f3-4afa-89a1-351bc6d1f2d2 | A 48-year-old male complains of abdominal pain that began about 6 months previously which is constant in nature, especially after meals and is located in the upper mid abdomen superior to the umbilicus. He also repos some heaburn that occurred during the previous year. He has been under significant stress and has been ... | NONE | C | A | B | 2c | multi | A- Stomach B- Gallbladder C- Distal Ileum and caecum This patient has a history typical for peptic ulcer disease, that is, constant mid epigastric pain after meals. The patient also has symptoms consistent with gastro-esophageal reflux disease. The dark and tarry stools reflect blood in the stools; that is, hemoglobin ... | Unknown | Integrated QBank |
8ce2b9f4-658b-4d92-b130-94e6036ca7a2 | In which of these patients can a medial episiotomy be considered superior to a medio lateral episiotomy during delivery of fetus? | Nulligravida with thick perineum | Second stage arrest | Second gravida with moderate anemia | Before application of forceps | 2c | single | A midline episiotomy is associated with higher risk of third and fouh degree lacerations and following factors are associated with an increased risk.: Nulliparity Second-stage arrest of labor Persistent occiput-posterior position, Midorlowforceps Use of local anesthetics Asian race. A medio lateral episiotomy should be... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Episiotomy |
91c19d7a-66a0-47cf-b360-16f3304822ef | When do you intubate a burns patient? | Deep facial burns with singed nasal hair | Superficial facial burns | Pulse rate >100/min | Crepitations on auscultation | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Deep facial burns with singed nasal hairRef: Bailey 26th edition, Page 388Indication of intubation in burns* Change in voice* Stridor* Deep burns around the mouth and in the neck | Surgery | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery |
6b799433-0065-4cdc-a2c7-e5f0e0614d44 | Midostaurin is a new drug used for the treatment of: | CML | ALL | AML | CLL | 2c | multi | Midostaurin : Multitargeted protein kinase inhibitor indicated along with standard cytarabine and daunorubicin for adult with newly diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) who are FLT3 mutation positive. | Pharmacology | JIPMER 2017 |
6a673016-9cf2-46fb-aefe-71bce60af891 | Plasma levels of hCG during pregnancy doubles every: September 2010 | Daily | 2 days | 4 days | 6 days | 1b | single | Ans. B: 2 days Pregnancy tests may be used to determine the bility of a pregnancy. Serial quantitative blood tests may be done, usually 2-3 days apa. Below an hCG level of 1,200 mIU/ ml the hCG usually doubles every 48-72 hours, though a rise of 50-60% is still considered normal. Failure to increase normally may indica... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c89fa6fa-5791-4725-8f73-c5ff7eba2341 | A pregnant woman with fibroid uterus develops acute pain in abdomen with low-grade fever and mild leukocytosis at 28 week. The most likely diagnosis is: | Preterm labor | Torsion of fibroid | Red degeneration of fibroid | Infection in fibroid | 2c | single | Ans. is c, i.e. Red degeneration of fibroidRef: Shaw 15th/ed p355; Dutta Ohs 6th/ed p314; High Risk Pregnancy 2nd/ed p77The answer is quite obvious but let's see how other options can be ruled out.Option "a" Preterm laborPoints in favorPoints against* Patient is pregnant* Pain in abdomen at 28 weeks (preterm labor is w... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological Disorders in Obs. |
d7428ffc-1638-4763-b29d-f68626595b94 | Socially attained behavior is:- | Culture | Acculturation | Socialization | Society | 0a | multi | Culture: Is the learned behavior which is socially acquired. Acculturation: is 'cultural contact' or mixing of two cultures. Society: Is an organization of member agents characterized by 'system' - a system of social relationship between individuals. Socialization: is the process of inheriting norms, customs and ideolo... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Definition and Concepts in Sociology & Psychology |
9a2bc26d-c423-4ada-a777-80e32ca149c7 | ASO titire Is diagnostic in ? | SABE | Rheumatoid ahritis | Infective endocarditis | Acute rheumatic fever | 3d | single | Ref: R Alagappan - Manual of Practical Medicine 4th Edition.pg no:146-147 Essential Criteria Evidence for recent streptococcal infection as evidenced by: 1. Increase in ASO titre a. > 333 Todd units (in children) b. > 250 Todd units (in adults). 2. Positive throat culture for streptococcal infection. 3. Recent history ... | Medicine | C.V.S |
ac36165a-ad17-4eac-b102-1db616bb0061 | Grynfeltt triangle not bounded by | 12th rib | Paraspinal muscles | Internal oblique muscle | External oblique muscle | 3d | single | Lumbar hernias- Hernias through the superior lumbar triangle (Grynfeltt triangle) are more common and bounded by the 12th rib, paraspinal muscles, and internal oblique muscle. Inferior Lumbar / Petit triangle- bounded by the iliac crest, latissimus dorsi muscle, and external oblique muscle. | Anatomy | All India exam |
ad7d2399-3c4e-410b-b5ab-20d1c08936f2 | Agar is prepared from: | Bullock heart | Chemicals | Seaweed | Chick cells | 2c | single | Agar, a polysaccharide extracted from certain types of seaweed, is the main active ingredient in the material, while water is the major constituent in the agar impression material.
Reference: PHILLIPS’ SCIENCE OF DENTAL MATERIALS, 12th ed page no 170 | Dental | null |
224fcfe4-ae22-415b-856d-17140250bd90 | Which is the first study on water fluoridation? | Grand rapids (Michigan) & Muskegon | Newberg & Kingston | Brantferd & Sarnia | Evanston & Park | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
dffe4c7b-5ec7-49aa-b915-a77cd2e89be3 | All of the following features are seen in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, except: | Fever | Haemolysis | Hypeension | Low platelets count | 2c | multi | Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura is characterized by the pentad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neurologic symptoms, fever, and renal failure. It is not associated with hypeension. Ref: Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Pages 967, 969, Chapter 286 | Medicine | null |
d3a4fd19-5ab2-4e14-80d6-f110c0d6a070 | Radioactive emissions used in radiotherapy are | Gamma rays | Alpha particles | Beta particles | X-ray | 1b | single | null | Radiology | null |
23fa6f67-0435-4956-8836-1b0d198ef43a | Insulin secretion is inhibited by | Secretin | Epinephrine | Growth hormone | Gastrin | 1b | single | Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenaline) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine has many functions in the body, regulating hea rate, blood vessel and air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts; epinephrine release is a crucial component of the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous s... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
45870ae7-cee9-42b8-9a3c-a76d05d1e7ea | Most difficult site to remove cholesteatoma in sinus tympani is related with - | Anterior facial ridge | Posterior facial ridge | Epitympanum | Hypotymparum | 1b | single | The sinus tympani (Posterior facial ridge) is the posterior extension of the mesotympanum and lies deep to both the promontory and facial nerve.
The medial wall of sinus tympani becomes continuous with the posterior portion of the medial wall of the tympanic cavity. This is the worst region for access because it is abo... | ENT | null |
3e83aa5e-1ba0-476c-b4b3-8a9c7a829951 | All the following branches of the Vth nerve supply the dura mater except - | Anterior ethmoidal | Posterior ethmoidal | Auriculotemporal | Mandibular | 2c | multi | The anterior cranial fossa is supplied by
Anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves (major supply);
Nervus meninges medius (a branch of maxillary nerve); and nervus spinosus (a branch of mandibular nerve). | Anatomy | null |
f57c20b1-6eab-4011-8d85-0f286fdfaa94 | A four-fold increase in the titre obtained in Weil Felix reaction is diagnostic of - | Rickettsial infection | Fungal infection | Spirochetal infection | Viral infection | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
902b756b-e641-48d1-97ad-f9ce13996d37 | Commonest posterior mediastinal tumour is: | Lung cyst | Neurofibroma | Dermoid | Thyroid | 1b | single | Ans: b (Neurofibroma)Ref: Bailey & Love, 24th ed, p. 862, Fig (56.20) & 23rd ed p. 791, Schwartz, 7th ed p. 772 | Surgery | Neoplasia |
92f87b5a-c2c3-4d03-bedb-d27f32204d38 | All of the following are affected in Erb's palsy EXCEPT | Upper trunk of brachial plexus | Lower trunk of brachial plexus | Dorsal scapular nerve | Suprascapular nerve | 1b | multi | (B) Lower trunk of brachial plexus # Erb's palsy: Most common type when the 5th and 6th cervical nerve roots are involved as in the upper trunk of brachial plexus.> Resulting paralysis causes the arm to lie on the side with extension of the elbow, pronation of the forearm and flexion of the wrist (waiter's tip).> Moro ... | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy |
bd8340b0-7b47-4664-a5a8-d1b52ad09cd9 | String sign in angiography is suggestive of: | Aerial dissection | Aoa aneurysm | Stroke | None of the above | 0a | multi | Traditional angiography remains the basis of diagnosis and characterization of aerial dissection. Angiographic abnormalities include stenosis of the true lumen, or "string-sign," visible intimal flaps, and the appearance of contrast in the false lumen. Four-vessel cerebral angiography should be performed when suspicion... | Surgery | null |
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