text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
• Thanks. By ''generate'' I meant the group operation on the set of generators. In a group generated by the subset $S$, each element can be written in terms of the generators, which is, elements of $S$. So given the null-homotopic loop on the torus, how can it be put in relation to the elements of $S$, which in our cas... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.854397576286994,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8757870029950159,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 127.92309665947778,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9218579530715942,
... |
wavelet, time-frequency, cwt
Compute $S(x)$
Initialize $x_\text{rec}$ randomly
Compute $S(x_\text{rec})$
Compute loss, e.g. MSE: $\sum|S(x_\text{rec}) - S(x)|^2$
Backpropagate, fetch gradients
Update $x_\text{rec}$ with gradients
PyTorch example with Kymatio:
import torch, kymatio
sc = kymatio.Scattering1D(shape=204... | {
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"tags": "wavelet, time-frequency, cwt",
"url": null
} |
... relations introduced in this lecture (reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, transitive). It is true if and only if divides . If a relation $$R$$ on $$A$$ is both symmetric and antisymmetric, its off-diagonal entries are all zeros, so it is a subset of the identity relation. This lesson will talk about a certain type... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9793540728763411,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8029658735410945,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933315126792,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1084.7234035451693,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6006004214286804,
"tags": null,... |
ros-indigo
Title: hrpsys update to make clear command for nextage work
I am working with the KaWaDa Nextage Open (the real robot, not in simulation). I would like to start a movement by robot.setTargetPosition(...) and if some condition is fullfilled while the robot is moving, I would like to stop it again. It seems ... | {
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waves, electromagnetic-radiation
So, light can travel in matter only, if the matter physically allows for that. Typically, it doesn't. Light can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted. It depends on the kind of light (i.e. frequency of the electromagnetic radiation) and the kind of matter that it interacts with.
Are a... | {
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"tags": "waves, electromagnetic-radiation",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, general-relativity, cosmology, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle, cosmological-inflation
However in such case, this small patch of space will be driven to inflation.
$$a(t)=a_0\exp(Ht),$$ where
$$H=\left(\frac{8\pi}{3}V(\phi)/M^{2}_p\right)^{1/2}.$$
Note that the analysis here applies not only to ... | {
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control, ros-indigo
Originally posted by Franzisdrak on Gazebo Answers with karma: 43 on 2016-09-17
Post score: 0
Fixed the error. I forgot to change the Interfaces in my urdf.
Originally posted by Franzisdrak with karma: 43 on 2016-09-19
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0
Original comments... | {
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"tags": "control, ros-indigo",
"url": null
} |
performance, datetime, excel, r, data-visualization
I replaced the gsub calls with simpler (easier to read) substr
calls. I note that your gsub calls were probably returning the expected results but you are doing something weird. To use \\1, your regex pattern should really use a set of parenthesis () to catch somethi... | {
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"tags": "performance, datetime, excel, r, data-visualization",
"url": null
} |
python
but do
for row in rows:
column += row[i]
If you need the index as well loop like
for i, e in enumerate(some_list):
Algorithms
You are concerned about make_squares. A simpler implementation would be to walk all cells by index and append the found digit to the corresponding square
def make_squares(rows):
... | {
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php, sql, mysql, pdo, pagination
echo $pages->display_jump_menu().$pages->display_items_per_page();
echo $pages->display_pages();
foreach($result as $row) {
echo htmlspecialchars($row[0]),
" - ",
htmlspecialchars($row[1]),
" - ",
htmlspecialchars($row[2])";
} | {
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"tags": "php, sql, mysql, pdo, pagination",
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c#, tdd, nunit
"//[delimiter]\n[numbers…]". For example, "//;\n1;2" should return three
where the default delimiter is ';'. The first line is optional. All existing scenarios should still be supported.
Calling Add with a negative number will throw an exception "negatives not allowed" - and the negative that was pass... | {
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"tags": "c#, tdd, nunit",
"url": null
} |
c, linked-list, generics, collections, macros
\
return _list_->head->data; \
} \
\
FMOD V PF... | {
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"tags": "c, linked-list, generics, collections, macros",
"url": null
} |
ros, turtlebot2, turtlebot, master
If the robots will always have really good WiFi (i.e., they are always very close to an access point), you could try just running everything "out of the box" and just pushing each robot into its own namespace on the same master that is running either on one of the robots or on a sepa... | {
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Another way: The number of partitions of $$n$$ into three non-negative integers is equal to the coefficient of $$z^n$$ in the formal power series $$(1+z+z^2+z^3+\cdots)^3$$. This coefficient can be found using the generalized binomial theorem: $$(1+z+z^2+z^3+\cdots)^3 = \frac1{(1-z)^3} = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \binom{-3}{k}... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473796562744,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 121.15298584555288,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9377309679985046,
"ta... |
python, python-3.x, game, dice
Title: 2 player dice game This is a finished project where Two people roll a dice twice and if the total of the two dice are even it adds 10 points to the two dice rolls and if the total is negative it takes away 5 points from the two dice rolls.
import random
import time
total_score2 =... | {
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big-o-notation
Applying this definition to Kleinberg's and Tardo's proof, I understand that $\lim_{n\to\infty}f(n)/g(n)=c$ implies that, no matter what $\varepsilon$ I choose, there's always an $n_0$ beyond which $|f(n)/g(n)-c|<\varepsilon$ (in other words, the ratio $f(n)/g(n)$ differs from $c$ within any given margi... | {
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navigation, roslaunch, robotino, gmapping, librviz
libGL error: failed to load driver: vboxvideo
Inspite of these errors rviz opens up but I am not able to move the robotino around with the keyboard as suggested in the tutorial.
The RobotModel section in the Displays Menu has error status but I do not have enough poin... | {
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"tags": "navigation, roslaunch, robotino, gmapping, librviz",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, file-system, serialization
def _release_file(self):
"""Deserialize a file."""
pointer_length = self._get_bits(self.POINTER_LENGTH) + 1
name_size_length = self._get_bits(self.NAME_SIZE_LENGTH) + 1
data_size_length = self._get_bits(self.FILE_DATA_SIZE_LENGTH) + 1
... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, file-system, serialization",
"url": null
} |
pressure, atmospheric-science, vacuum, fluid-statics
Title: Could a really tall tube suck garbage in to space? When I was around 10 years old, I had this idea that was supposed to solve our waste problems; I imagined having tubes miles high that would stretch in to space. Every tube would have a door at the bottom th... | {
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To perform collocation, we introduce the regular discretization $$t_i = i/n$$ with $$0\leq i\leq n$$ of the domain $$[0,1]$$ (i.e., a set of $$n+1$$ collocation points). Then, we approximate $$u$$ by the polynomial function $$p(t) = \sum a_k t^k$$ of degree $$n$$ which satisfies the above problem at the collocation poi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7154315114021301,
"tags... |
c++, constructor, wrapper, opengl
template<size_t N>
buffer_objects<N>::buffer_objects() noexcept
{
glGenBuffers(N, this->data());
}
template<size_t N>
buffer_objects<N>::~buffer_objects()
{
glDeleteBuffers(N, this->data());
}
template<size_t N>
buffer_objects<N>::buffer_objects(buffer_objects<N>&& from) noe... | {
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"tags": "c++, constructor, wrapper, opengl",
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python, performance, beginner, opencv
#check for tracking which has stopped or tracking which hasnt moved
delList=[]
p=0
for tracked in TrackList:
if len(tracked[3])==1:
continue
moved=True
n=len(tracked[3])-1
if tracked[3][n]==tracked[3][n-1] and tracked[3][0]!... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, beginner, opencv",
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control, ros, python, node
Title: A sensor node that publishes faster than it samples?[Python]
I am using a sensor with a sample rate of 100 Hz. I would like to use it in a control loop with an update rate of 200 Hz. I believe I eventually have to publish the sensor's data at 200 Hz.
I have done this using two nodes:... | {
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"tags": "control, ros, python, node",
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general-relativity, metric-tensor, coordinate-systems
Title: What does $g_{tt}=0$ in the metric tensor mean? For example, in the Einstein-Rosen bridge metric, $g_{44}$ vanishes but it is pointed out that it is not a singularity. As long as the metric is non-singular (i.e., its determinant is nonzero), all it means for... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, metric-tensor, coordinate-systems",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics, torque
(Edited paragraph) Also, the net torque about an instantaneous horizontal axis at the same height as the mass must be zero for a constant vertical height. That means that although the $mgr$ torque which you mention is present, t... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics... |
quantum-mechanics, research-level, quantum-information
Title: Explicit construction for unitary extensions of completely positive and trace preserving (CPTP) maps? Given a completely positive and trace preserving map $\Phi : \textrm{L}(\mathcal{H})\to\textrm{L}(\mathcal{G})$, it is clear by the Kraus representation th... | {
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navigation, mapping, turtlebot
Originally posted by tfoote with karma: 58457 on 2017-10-09
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 1
Original comments
Comment by Baumboon on 2017-10-11:
Okay , then i need to improve the navigation stack and optimize it. Thank u for your help. | {
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immune-system, autoimmune
Title: How exactly does a prion cause disease? During my study of the immune system, I came across 2 very contrasting explanation as to how prions work.
Firstly, scientific American pointed out this:
link here:
"A major breakthrough occurred when researchers discovered that the infectious ... | {
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php, performance, strings, converting, utf-8
static variables (those values in there are constants no need to recreate them every time).
merging the arrays.
Consider the following code:
public static function convertArabicNumbers($string) {
//$engish = array(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9);
static $fromchar = array('۰',... | {
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"tags": "php, performance, strings, converting, utf-8",
"url": null
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harmonic-oscillator, resonance
Having a third prong wouldn't help very much with reducing damping. There are (at least) three different ways a three-pronged fork could vibrate: one with all three vibrating side-to-side in phase with one another, and two where one of the prongs stays still and the other two vibrate in ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "harmonic-oscillator, resonance",
"url": null
} |
Carbonic Anhydrase Zinc, Precipitation Reaction Produce, 8 Percent As A Fraction, Phase Diagram Of Carbon, Mozart Piano Sonata K 330, Veggie Wash Organic Ingredients, Bacon Wrapped Stuffed Pork Loin, Honda Shadow Phantom 2020, Kinetic Energy Of Neutron Formula, Is The Cherry Creek Swim Beach Open, Mineral Water Price, ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9579122684798184,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8322598216352753,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8688267694452331,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 779.5531003793761,
"openwebmath_score": 0.610198974609375,
"tags": nul... |
optics, waves, diffraction, wavelength
Title: When is diffraction most pronounced? My notes says the following things about diffraction:
The larger the ratio of wavelength to slit (or object) width, the more pronounced the diffraction is and the more spread out the wave energy is. Diffraction is most obvious when the ... | {
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"tags": "optics, waves, diffraction, wavelength",
"url": null
} |
plink
Title: Error: "fewer tokens than expected" while using --update-name flag in plink I am trying to update my rsIDs in .bim file by using --update-name flag in plink but getting this error message. what could be the reason of it?
plink --bfile updated_ff --update-name updated_ref.csv --make-bed --out test_updated... | {
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"tags": "plink",
"url": null
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co.combinatorics, metrics, epsilon-nets
Are bounds on this quantity known, and/or are there standard techniques for estimating quantities like this?
EDIT: As Suresh points out, there is no finite $\epsilon$-net if we are talking about unbounded metrics. Let us consider normalized metrics $M$ such that for all $d \in ... | {
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"tags": "co.combinatorics, metrics, epsilon-nets",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electrostatics
Title: How will water affect the electric field? How will 2 charged bodies act when the separation medium between them is water ? Indeed, Water has a relative permittivity, but quite a large value of $\epsilon_r\approx80$. Also, It's an electric dipole (i.e.) It could align in the dire... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, electrostatics",
"url": null
} |
ros2
Args:
value: float
set_point: float
error_function: function pointer
gain: float
dead_band: float
max_error: float
Returns:
ctrl: float
error: float
"""
error = self.calc_error(
val... | {
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"tags": "ros2",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, topology, bosonization, wess-zumino-witten
But wait!This is not conserved, as seen above, for the chiral model. Could one, instead, augment the action so it is? | {
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"id": 57209,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, topology, bosonization, wess-zumino-witten",
"url": null
} |
computability, approximation
Title: Stabilization of lower approximation Let $f:\mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{R}$ be a lower semicomputable function, i.e. there exists a recursive function $g:\mathbb{N}\times \mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{Q}$ s.t.
$$\forall x \in \mathbb{N} \quad \lim_{k \to \infty} g(k,x) = f(x) \qquad\qquad (1)$$... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "computability, approximation",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, rotational-kinematics
My approach , for the first part was that $|V_{A/B}|=rw=1$ units, for the second part i thought since $|V_{B/A}|=|V_{A/B}|=1$, but i found out that the answer to second part is wrong and this formula doesnt work for rotating frames,i also tried this solving with proper mat... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, rotational-kinematics",
"url": null
} |
quantum-algorithms, hhl-algorithm
Title: Efficiently performing controlled rotations in HHL This question builds off of this question.
In the HHL algorithm, how do you efficiently do the $\tilde{\lambda}_k$-controlled rotations on the ancilla qubit? It seems to me that since you don't know the eigenvalues a priori, y... | {
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"tags": "quantum-algorithms, hhl-algorithm",
"url": null
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Ok, so the answer has been posted but not in a non-random variable way, here goes.
The first issue is to convert percentages into probabilities (decimals). They're easier to work with. If a drug works 75% of the time then if you give me a person, the chance it'll work on her is $0.75$. The chance it won't work (it has... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7181858420372009,
"ta... |
Manipulate[
GraphicsRow[{
(* sphere *)
Show[
ParametricPlot3D[rot[t].sphParam[θ, ϕ],
{θ, 0, 2 Pi}, {ϕ, 0, Pi}, PlotStyle -> None, Mesh -> 15],
Graphics3D[axesplot[IdentityMatrix[3], -t]],
AxesLabel -> {"x", "y", "z"}, Ticks -> None,
ViewPoint -> Dynamic@vp, ViewVertical -> Dynamic@vv, (* preserves view as t changes *)
... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307724028542,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189539023653125,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256551882382,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 4579.699253993769,
"openwebmath_score": 0.24556739628314972,
"ta... |
statistical-mechanics, condensed-matter, phase-transition, topology, critical-phenomena
Title: Questions about Kosterlitz–Thouless (KT) transition Why we extend $\theta$ from $(0,2\pi)$ to $(-\infty, \infty)$? I mean we cannot measure $\theta$ in experiment, can we?
Secondly,the feature of vortex solution (at least i... | {
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"tags": "statistical-mechanics, condensed-matter, phase-transition, topology, critical-phen... |
typically discussed when bringing up Pascal 's triangle just! Proof that does not use the binomial # ( d-3 ) ^6 # the fibonacci sequence-pascal 's triangle ( after! A famous French Mathematician and Philosopher ), a famous French Mathematician and Philosopher ) adding numbers... As follows − in the nth row of Pascal 's... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9546474220263198,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8674097376385066,
"lm_q2_score": 0.9086179018818865,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1008.0969693486851,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7812725305557251,
"tag... |
wavelet, time-frequency
Secondly, a lot hides in the $O$ Bachmann-Landau notation. There is a constant factor, that can be huge for mild length signals. And the bound can be pessimistic.
Thirdly, memory consumption, and potentials to use pipes, parallelization, GPU/DSP or hardware/software association may mitigate th... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "wavelet, time-frequency",
"url": null
} |
Maximum Parabola Calculator | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 355.9055784617001,
"openwebmath_score": 0.530281722545623... |
java, multithreading, file
store.put(oddWord % 2 == 1 ? str : reverseWord(str));
oddWord++;
seq = intake.take();
}
store.put(Tester.QUEUE_POISON_PILL) | {
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"tags": "java, multithreading, file",
"url": null
} |
c#, algorithm, dice
return score;
}
}
} Well, I am not familiar with die, but the obvious improvement is to encapsulate those rules into separate entities. For example:
public interface IRollScoreRule
{
int CalculateRollScore(IEnumerable<IRollResult<int>> results);
}
public interface IRollScoreRules :... | {
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"tags": "c#, algorithm, dice",
"url": null
} |
56-24=32, our answer. But I don't understand why we divide by 2!??
I hope I was a little more clearer. Thank you again for responding Bunuel!
Current Student
Status: Final Lap Up!!!
Affiliations: NYK Line
Joined: 21 Sep 2012
Posts: 1095
Location: India
GMAT 1: 410 Q35 V11
GMAT 2: 530 Q44 V20
GMAT 3: 630 Q45 V31
GPA: 3... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8558511451289037,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1687.7050989561171,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7540875673294067,
"tag... |
special-relativity, representation-theory, spinors, parity, chirality
$$
{\hat \chi}^\dagger {\hat \eta} = {\hat \chi}^\dagger \epsilon {\hat\chi}^* = \left( {\hat \chi}^T \epsilon {\hat \chi} \right)^* = {\hat \chi}^\dagger \left(\begin{array}{cc}\chi^{0*} & u^*/(2\chi^0)\end{array}\right) \left(\begin{array}{c}u^*/... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "special-relativity, representation-theory, spinors, parity, chirality",
"url": n... |
This problem also goes under the name of " run of $k$ consecutive successes in $n$ Bernoulli trials" or shortly Bernoulli runs. It applies to many technical fields, among others in Digital Transmission("error bursts"), System Reliability ( "consecutive k-out-of-n:F systems") and of course, in Queue Systems.
Because of ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.822189134878876,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9415225982666016,
"tag... |
electromagnetism, experimental-physics, home-experiment, magnetic-fields
In fact, you need to be very unlucky to strip half the insulation from the wire in such a way that the clockwise and counterclockwise torques remain exactly balanced, as they are for the fully stripped wire. The net torque (averaged over one rot... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, experimental-physics, home-experiment, magnetic-fields",
"url"... |
ds.algorithms, co.combinatorics, approximation-algorithms, permutations, permanent
Details.
The following proof of the Birkhoff–von Neumann theorem can be found e.g. in [1], and leads to an efficient algorithm for decomposing doubly-stochastic matrices.
We consider matrices $A$ whose rows and columns all sum to the s... | {
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ros, catkin, ros-kinetic, python3
Originally posted by Dirk Thomas with karma: 16276 on 2016-06-21
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 16
Original comments
Comment by SHPOWER on 2016-06-22:
thank you.
Comment by Dirk Thomas on 2016-06-22:
Please mark the answer as accepted if it answered your qu... | {
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"tags": "ros, catkin, ros-kinetic, python3",
"url": null
} |
c++, performance
Binary::Binary( const Binary &binaryToCopy ) {
decimal = binaryToCopy.decimal;
type = binaryToCopy.type;
for ( unsigned int counter = 0; counter < binaryToCopy.binary.size(); ++ counter ) {
binary.push_back( binaryToCopy.binary[ counter ] );
}
}
void Binary::toBinary() {
i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, performance",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, potential
Now, I want to calculate the velocity of a given particle q+ which will be set free from the point (A) which I calculated the field at, while hitting the surface of the sphere.
It is very clear that the electric field will change at any point during the particle q move... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, potential",
"url": null
} |
# Thread: Logarithm and Exponent Question
1. I'm confused on this question.
The equation m log p (n) = q can be written in exponential form as..
The answer on the work sheet is p^(q/m)=n but shouldn't it be P^(qm) = n ? According to the power rule? My teacher explained this by writing down for me log p (n) = q / m bu... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8855796456336975,
"ta... |
ubuntu-trusty, ubuntu, ros-indigo
Title: do_docker.sh failing on console_bridge
I'm following the instructions for setting up ROS for Android found here. I'm installed this on Ubuntu 14.04. I've got this issue on a system with Android NDK/SDK already setup as well as a clean install of Ubuntu.
After some time the f... | {
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"tags": "ubuntu-trusty, ubuntu, ros-indigo",
"url": null
} |
kinect, rosbag, pr2
and my callback function (just a simple void function for your reference)
void depthCallback(const sensor_msgs::ImageConstPtr& original_image)
{
cv_bridge::CvImagePtr cv_ptr;
//Convert from the ROS image message to a CvImage suitable for working with OpenCV for processing
try
{
... | {
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"tags": "kinect, rosbag, pr2",
"url": null
} |
quantum-chemistry, electrons, atomic-structure
So while "Do electron have volume" may sound like an objective question, if we really look at it, it has to be understood as "Do electrons have a property that corresponds to the 'normal' concept of 'volume'?", and that question depends on how exactly one understand the "... | {
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"tags": "quantum-chemistry, electrons, atomic-structure",
"url": null
} |
java, beginner, swing, event-handling, timer
public Countdown(){
frame = new JFrame();
frame.setUndecorated(true);
frame.setExtendedState(Frame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);
frame.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, beginner, swing, event-handling, timer",
"url": null
} |
object-oriented, ruby, unit-testing
all_oranges?(orange_tree)
end
it 'can be picked' do
age_by_years(3)
orange_tree.oranges.pick!
expect(orange_tree.oranges.count).to eq 2
end
private
def all_oranges?(orange_tree)
orange_tree.oranges.each do |orange|
expect(orange).to be_an_instance... | {
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"tags": "object-oriented, ruby, unit-testing",
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} |
quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, harmonic-oscillator, quantum-tunneling, visualization
The first fact lets you classify the solutions in two kinds: even and odd ones. This reduces the problem on $x\in\mathbb R$ to two problems on $x\in[0,\infty)$. The even solutions will have homogeneous Neumann boundary cond... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, harmonic-oscillator, quantum-tunneling, ... |
quantum-field-theory, feynman-diagrams, beyond-the-standard-model, effective-field-theory
To your question about the photon mediated contribution, you will need to do the calculation to convince yourself that such vertex $b-s-\gamma$ is not induced via the mixing of the fermions and the vector-like quarks. The reason... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, feynman-diagrams, beyond-the-standard-model, effective-field... |
quantum-mechanics, electromagnetism, potential, aharonov-bohm
Title: What would it mean for Aharanov-Bohm effect in a gauge in which the vector potential vanishes everywhere outside the solenoid? Is it possible to find a gauge in which the vector potential outside the solenoid (with axis along $z$-axis) is made equal ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 76839,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, electromagnetism, potential, aharonov-bohm",
"url": null
} |
Question 17 Explanation:
Relocation of code is the process done by the linker-loader when a program is copied from external storage into main memory.
A linker relocates the code by searching files and libraries to replace symbolic references of libraries with actual usable addresses in memory before running a program.... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.962673111584966,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711737573762,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1730.2345813167385,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4198146164417267,
"tag... |
java, android, json
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL("url_to_my.php").openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-length", "0");
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setConnectTimeout(0);
connection.setReadTimeout(0);
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 36139,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, android, json",
"url": null
} |
vba, web-scraping, vbscript
With ResultSheet
.Range("A1", "F200").ClearContents
End With
End Sub
Private Sub CheckContents(ByVal sYear As String)
Dim counterContents As Long
If WorksheetFunction.CountA(Range("A2:F200")) = 0 Then
MsgBox "No records found for year = " & sYear & " ! Pl... | {
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"tags": "vba, web-scraping, vbscript",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, particle-physics, higgs
Additionally, how do this excitations in the Higgs field actually occur? How do Higgs bosons appear?
As per my understanding the Higgs boson is an excitation of the Higgs field, | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, particle-physics, higgs",
"url": null
} |
complexity-theory, algorithm-analysis
Title: Big-O complexity when c is a tiny fraction Finding Big-O is pretty straightforward for an algorithm where $f(n)$ is
$$f(n) = 3n^4 + 6n^3 + 10n^2 + 5n + 4$$
The lower powers of $n$ simply fall off because in the long run $3n^4$ outpaces all of them. And with $g(n) = 3n^4$ we... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity-theory, algorithm-analysis",
"url": null
} |
operating-systems, deadlocks
Title: What is the difference between "deadlock prevention" and "deadlock avoidance" I have studied about both of these on many places like this, this and this, but still it is not that much clear that what the actual difference is between these two.
The Wikipedia links (first and second l... | {
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"tags": "operating-systems, deadlocks",
"url": null
} |
• Can you please explain why two terms are being multiplied in numerator of last value ? – puffles Sep 14 '18 at 13:29
• I will use 1 to mean a value of 1, 2, or 3 on the die and 4 to mean a value of 4 or 5 on the die. So, 11466 would be an order of the dice that are rolled where the first two dice show numbers between... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844384,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9044284224510193,
"ta... |
c#, object-oriented, design-patterns, .net, dependency-injection
_context = context;
_deliverySetFileCopyHandlerFactory = deliverySetFileCopyHandlerFactory;
_detectChangesHandlerFactory = detectChangesHandlerFactory;
}
public async Task<DeliverysetChangesInfo> GetDeliverysetChan... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, object-oriented, design-patterns, .net, dependency-injection",
"url": nul... |
optimization, performance, objective-c, ios
NSCalendar *cal = [NSCalendar autoupdatingCurrentCalendar];
NSDate *now = [NSDate date];
NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"];
[dateFormatter setTimeZone:[NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone]];
... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "optimization, performance, objective-c, ios",
"url": null
} |
javascript, html5, cryptography
/**
* @method crypto
* @scope private
* @abstract Interface to handle encryption option
*/
var crypto = crypto || {
/**
* @function key
* @scope private
* @abstract Prepares key for encryption/decryption routines
*
* @ret... | {
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"tags": "javascript, html5, cryptography",
"url": null
} |
A straightforward translation is
there are an object $y$ and a person $x$ such that $x$ does not own $y$.
This still sounds more like mathematics than like everyday English, so we try to improve it. That there is someone who does not own a particular object means precisely then it’s not the case that everyone owns th... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9621075711974104,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8158362060113278,
"lm_q2_score": 0.847967764140929,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 521.8007739943533,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5027969479560852,
"tags... |
thermodynamics, cosmology, black-holes, entropy, wormholes
Title: Is entropy violated inside black holes and worm holes? Do the laws of thermodynamics hold true everywhere in universe ?
What about black holes and worm holes ? No, black holes do not violate the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.
Imagine that we want to viola... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, cosmology, black-holes, entropy, wormholes",
"url": null
} |
zero-padding
If we only wanted to indirectly create a new DFT that would be equivalent to sampling the original signal at a higher sampling frequency, then we should zero pad in the middle of the DFT as demonstrated in the graphic below. | {
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"tags": "zero-padding",
"url": null
} |
moveit, ros-melodic
<build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
<run_depend>roscpp</run_depend>
<build_depend>moveit_core</build_depend>
<run_depend>moveit_core</run_depend>
<build_depend>moveit_ros_planning_interface</build_depend>
<run_depend>moveit_ros_planning_interface</run_depend>
<build_depend>interactiv... | {
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"tags": "moveit, ros-melodic",
"url": null
} |
So, consider $S_4$. The conjugacy classes in $S_4$ are:
1. The class of the $4$-cycles, cycle structure $(abcd)$, corresponding to the partition $4$. There are $6$ elements in this class.
2. The class of the $3$-cycles, cycle structure $(abc)(d)$, corresponding to the partition $3+1$. There are $8$ elements in this cl... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307731905612,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189539010981655,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256532040708,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 156.0958553636233,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8414352536201477,
"tag... |
sql, validation, sql-server, t-sql
update @keyData
set Processed = 1
where KeyDataRecordId = @recordId
END
Validation Proc
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp110_v1]
(@keyData KeyData READONLY)
AS
BEGIN
declare @validationMessage varchar(500)
select @validationMessage = Message from Validations_List where Val... | {
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"tags": "sql, validation, sql-server, t-sql",
"url": null
} |
ros, sw-urdf-exporter
Title: SolidWorks URDF exporter incorrect link masses
As far as I can tell, there seems to be an issue with the SW->URDF converter which causes the mass of every link to be set to the mass of the entire assembly, rather than that single link. For example, I can create a robot composed of two rec... | {
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"tags": "ros, sw-urdf-exporter",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, correctness-proof
|A| = 0: $CFP (n,A)=False$ in accordance with the fact that there is no indices $i,j$ with $A_i+A_j=n$.
We assume the algorithm is correct for arrays of length $n$: Let $A$ be an array with $|A|=n+1$. If no pair of indices $i\leq j$ with $A_i+A_j=n$ exists, then either $CFP(n,A) = CFP(n,t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, correctness-proof",
"url": null
} |
you may want to use the definition of continuity in terms of sequences here. I'll show you how to prove that $f(x)$ is discontinuous at any $x\in\mathbb{Q}$ with $x\not=0$. Recall that $f$ is continuous in $a\in D$ if for any sequence $(a_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\subset D$ converging to $a$ we have $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9857180656553329,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8149047526100375,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117962054048,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 104.95957330008918,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9366839528083801,
"ta... |
inorganic-chemistry, thermodynamics, bond, reactivity
In the case of the $\ce{N2 + O2 -> 2NO}$ , $\Delta H$ and $\Delta S$ are both positive, so the reaction is thermodynamically favorable at high temperature (such as in lightning) but not at low temperature.
If the temperature drops to room temperature after NO is f... | {
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, thermodynamics, bond, reactivity",
"url": null
} |
pressure, acoustics, fourier-transform, complex-numbers, signal-processing
Hope this helps.
Addendum
Essentially, you need to interpret the formula as a Green's function in frequency domain:
$$
\hat G(r,\omega) = \frac{j\omega\rho}{4\pi r}e^{-jkr}
$$
which becomes in time domain:
$$
\hat G(r,\omega) = \frac{\delta'(t)... | {
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"tags": "pressure, acoustics, fourier-transform, complex-numbers, signal-processing",
"ur... |
python, dice
def game():
player1_points = 0
player2_points = 0
for i in range(1, 6):
player1_points += roll()
print(f'After this round user1 you now have: {player1_points} Points')
# time.sleep(1)
player2_points += roll()
print(f'After this round user2 you now have: ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, dice",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, energy, cosmology, energy-conservation, photons
For a normally redshifted photon from a moving body: Energy need not be conserved if you swith frames. Energy is different from each reference frame.
See the answers to the question provided by Qmechanic above as well. Over there, they're talking abou... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, energy, cosmology, energy-conservation, photons",
"url": null... |
logic, functional-programming, mathematical-foundations, lisp
Lately, I found this paper of McCarthy (1960) which may answer the question: http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/recursive.pdf
Logic, arithemic and automata by Church (1962) also seems a useful source: http://www.mathunion.org/ICM/ICM1962.1/Main/icm1962.1.00... | {
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"tags": "logic, functional-programming, mathematical-foundations, lisp",
"url": null
} |
reference-request, machine-learning, lg.learning
(also taking courses in this is not really an option so this will be for self-study)
This question was also asked here on AI SE from suggestion of comments. Another good introductory book is "Foundations of Machine Learning" by Mohri et al.: https://www.amazon.com/Found... | {
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} |
Substitute u = 31.3 (NOT 25). Substitute h = 25. Solve the resulting quadratic equation (it won't factorise in the nice way your example did. I suggest using the quadratic formula or using a graphics calculator)
5. So
$\displaystyle t^2-\frac{ut}{5}+5=0$
$\displaystyle (t^2-2t\frac{u}{10}+\frac{u^2}{10})-\frac{u^2}{10... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388104343892,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 652.2093717827406,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7692257165908813,
"tag... |
We will call the common tangent point of the ellipse and the circle $\ (X, Y) \ ;$ at that point, the two curves share a normal line. The vertical line and the ellipse are fixed objects, the equations for which are $\ x \ = \ x_0 \ \$ and $\ \ b^2 x^2 \ + \ a^2 y^2 \ = \ a^2 b^2 \ ,$ respectively. We will use a line to... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9904406014994152,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8097589515693817,
"lm_q2_score": 0.817574471748733,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 130.8079983960821,
"openwebmath_score": 0.796718418598175,
"tags"... |
ros, ros-control, ros-kinetic, hardware-interface
There are a few more, but these are the bigger ones.
How do I go about achieving this in a way that can be easily extended for newer data that I might want to send to the hardware (PLC)?
This should now be obvious: by adding additional *Interface and *Handle classes,... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-control, ros-kinetic, hardware-interface",
"url": null
} |
ros, ar-pose, ros-fuerte, roboearth, vision-opencv
Title: Install Errors Roboearth Ubuntu 12.04 Fuerte vision_opencv
Hi everyone, I am trying to install Roboearth and I am having all sorts of issues. First I had to update to Ubuntu 12.04 from 11.10 because I had issues with Cmake being out of date. Now I am having mo... | {
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"tags": "ros, ar-pose, ros-fuerte, roboearth, vision-opencv",
"url": null
} |
always 90 degrees, the other two must always add up to 90 degrees (they are complementary). This fact is equivalent to Euclid's parallel postulate. Each time we add a side (triangle to quadrilateral, quadrilateral to pentagon, etc), we add another 180° to the total: a) … The exterior angles, taken one at each vertex, a... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. Yes\n2. Yes",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9881308768564867,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8585145726310375,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8688267847293731,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 246.4936633907233,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5129854083061218,
"tags": null,
... |
c++, statistics, c++20
#include <algorithm>
#include <concepts>
#include <functional>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <iterator>
#include <ranges>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>
#include <vector> | {
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"tags": "c++, statistics, c++20",
"url": null
} |
sql, postgresql
Which contains the following records (say):
INSERT INTO test.individuals (
id,
firstname,
lastname,
phone,
email
) VALUES ( 1,
'Ajay',
'Upadhaya',
'[{"Type": "Mobile", "Number": "9876543210"}, {"Type... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "sql, postgresql",
"url": null
} |
electrostatics, atomic-physics, interactions, molecular-dynamics, subatomic
We can draw the corresponding "landscape" for the potential associated with this force like this: | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, atomic-physics, interactions, molecular-dynamics, subatomic",
"u... |
all of whose eigenvalues are positive the corresponding result for negative definite quadratic forms conditions. You can change your choices at any time by visiting your Privacy.... ~X ) > 0 ; 8v2V ; then it is called negative de nite ) if only! And Y have opposite signs, that 'll go negative definite if - V is positiv... | {
"domain": "mongegant.cat",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9780517462851321,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8085669117774588,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117919359419,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 555.4765801525165,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7280982732772827,
"tag... |
c, memory-management, stack
doesn't do anything because it won't affect the caller's pointer.
Code simplification
There are a few things that you could do to simplify your code. One is to eliminate your res variable if you can just return a value immediately. Another is to merge the postdecrement/postincrement opera... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c, memory-management, stack",
"url": null
} |
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