text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
So linear interpolation will do very well. But of course we don't have time to draw the graph; how to decide when to use linear interpolation and when to try something more complicated?
As well as the values either side of the one we seek, take the next nearest value (70 in this case). If the middle tabulated value (t... | {
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ros, c++, publisher
Originally posted by Nachum on ROS Answers with karma: 208 on 2021-12-22
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by Geoff on 2021-12-22:
What do you mean by "stop each iteration"?
Comment by Nachum on 2021-12-23:
put a breakpoint after ros::spinOnce(); press F5 to run to the next breakpoint
The d... | {
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2 }+{ \left( 54-32 \right) }^{ 2 }+{ \left( 56-32 \right) }^{ 2 }+{ \left( 25-32 \right) }^{ 2 } \right\} }{ 5 } \\ We often measure the “center” using the mean and median. Where the “center” value is located. Try out our free online statistics calculators if you’re looking for some help finding probabilities, p-values... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8919327259063721,
"... |
human-biology, physiology
Unmeasurably small amount of increase in cAMP
Raise in cAMP levels in localised compartments
Activation of alternative second messenger pathways
In case of GRP the second messenger is not known.
The answer to your question is that when secretin is secreted, the Bicarbonate-Chloride transport... | {
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1) If $$n=2k+1$$ then the decomposition $$n=(k)+(k+1)$$ satisfies our criterion since consecutive numbers are always coprime and $$k\geq 3$$.
2) If $$n=4k$$ then consider the decomposition $$n=(2k-1)+(2k+1)$$. Are these numbers coprime? We can no longer rely upon the general fact that consecutive numbers are coprime, ... | {
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"ta... |
Maxima and minima of the single variable function the partial derivatives of first order of this are. Got all kinds of things covered the critical points of a function with two variables are presented using website... Things covered partial derivatives of first order of this function are equal to zero Equation Solver s... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5242931842803... |
c++, beginner
int main() {
Player playerScore {0};
Player enemyScore {0};
bool gameLoop {true};
const vector <string> choices {"Rock", "rock", "Paper", "paper", "Scissor", "scissor", "Q", "q"};
string playerChoice {};
string enemyChoice {};
unsigned int playerIChoice {};
unsigned int en... | {
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• The solution in 6.4 is similar to the loop used in 6.3, but replaces the increments of n by a vector of values for n.
This concludes our exercises on loops and applying functions to data structures.
[50_solutions.Rmd updated on 2020-10-22 16:50:46 by hn.] | {
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"tags": n... |
gauge-theory, topology, gauge-invariance
Title: Large gauge transformations I would like to understand what is the importance of large gauge transformations. I read that these gauge transformation cannot be deformed to the identity, but why should we care about that? They require a special discussion because they are ... | {
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"tags": "gauge-theory, topology, gauge-invariance",
"url": null
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java, strings, interview-questions
When you have the char array, you traverse it backwards. To traverse backwards is more error prone than to traverse forwards (IndexOutOfBoundExceptions). So, it is another way to check how many errors do you write without the help of your editor, or without compiling several times.
B... | {
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python
Consider these improvements applied to your code:
Use list comprehensions and generator expressions to your advantage
Use the all(...) function with a generator expresssion to verify that all answers are in the specified range
prompts = ('text here', 'text here')
answers = [int(input(p)) for p in prompts]
if ... | {
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statistical-mechanics
One particle at energy $3\Delta E$, three particles at $0$ energy. In principle there are $4!$ rearrangements, but $3!$ are irrelevant due to indistinguishability, giving only $4$ distinguishable microstates.
One particle at energy $2\Delta E$, one particle at energy $\Delta E$ and two particles... | {
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python, programming-challenge, combinatorics
I believe that there are a lot of things that can be improved. I'm glad to hear any suggestions!
P.S The problem I would like to specifically point out is the variable/function names. I believe there is a possibility to make them way more descriptive/clear then they are now... | {
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gravity, string-theory, spacetime-dimensions, physical-constants, compactification
\end{align}
So, for example, the gravitational constant in $5$ spacetime dimensions has units of length times that the of gravitational constant in $4$ spacetime dimensions.
There is a nice discussion of this with more detail in section... | {
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"tags": "gravity, string-theory, spacetime-dimensions, physical-constants, compactification... |
optics, visible-light, sun
Title: What is the sun's spectral series? My physics book says that six colors can be distinctly seen in white light: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet. Does solar light only use these six wavelengths and mix them additively, or does it use a range of colors from red to violet?
An... | {
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• AFAIK the contradiction proves that the inequality is wrong isn't it. – Sachin Bahukhandi Jul 1 at 15:28
• No, the inequality is correct. – Yuval Filmus Jul 1 at 15:31
• Okay but the chapter floors and ceilings gave a different perspective on floors and ceilings. – Sachin Bahukhandi Jul 1 at 15:36
• @SachinBahukhandi... | {
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java, swing, audio
public UIBuilder withDefaultCloseOperation(int windowConstant) {
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(windowConstant);
return this;
}
public UIBuilder withMenuBar(@NotNull Supplier<JMenuBar> menuBarSupplier) {
Objects.requireNonNull(menuBarSupplier);
... | {
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php, html
Consider using filter_input_array() as a means to better define your validation rules and apply them in one pass.
You probably should not be directly re-populating $_POST values into your HTML template. This is causing you to have to do a bunch of if(isset(...)) logic in your display template.
I would pref... | {
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Assume $p < n+m$, so we can assume also that $n>p/2$. $S_n$ must have a faithful orbit in its action on $p$ points, and if that orbit has size $k$ then $n \le k \le p < 2n$.
Let $H$ be the point stabilizer of the action of $S_n$ on this orbit of length $k$. Then since $|S_n:H| < 2n$ and any proper subgroup of $A_n$ ha... | {
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"tags... |
The Gauss-Hermite Quadrature formula numerically computes the integrals in the following form,
$\displaystyle \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}e^{-x^2}f(x)dx$
The Gauss nodes, $\{x_k\}$, are the roots of the Hermite polynomials $H_n(x)$.
Below is the list of the first few Hermite polynomials.
The Gauss coefficients, $\{w_k\}... | {
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"ur... |
fft, dft, window-functions, stft
Still, purely in terms of DFT, since multiplying by a window is convolving with its spectrum in frequency, shouldn't removing a bin also remove its copy at the bin? Yes, but only if all other bins are zero within the support of fft(window), yet we established that DC isn't special and ... | {
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value problems of partial differential equations. A mesh-free method does not require the connectivity of nodal points of a mesh or element. In that case, going to a numerical solution is the only viable option. The Laplace operator is common in physics and engineering (heat equation, wave equation). Numerical Solution... | {
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... |
ruby, beginner, file-system
Continuing through the elements of a, we obtain:
b = {nil=>["e", "emptier", "empty"], 3=>["e3"], 4=>["e4", "e4"], 1=>["e1"],
10=>["e10"], 11=>["e11"], 2=>["e2"], 5=>["e5"], 9=>["e9"]}
We now sort the keys. b.sort would raise the exception ArgumentError: comparison of Array with Arra... | {
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c++, template-meta-programming, c++20
#define INVOCABLE_TRAITS_SPEC(cv,...) \
/* handle functions, with all possible iterations of reference and noexcept */ \
template <typename R, typename... Args> \
struct invocable_traits... | {
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Possibly round to fit into frac.
## Rounding
### Nearest Even
1.40 1.60 1.50 2.50 -1.50
1 2 2 2 -2
If the value less than half, then round down; if the value more than half, then round up.
if the value is exactly halfway, then round towards the nearest even number
The reason they chose this is that statistically.... | {
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"tags": nul... |
c++, beginner, tic-tac-toe
//FOR PLAYER ONE
// If the player has 3X in a row, then
if ((one == "X" && two == "X" && three == "X") || (one == "X" && four == "X" && seven == "X") ||
(one == "X" && five == "X" && nine == "X") || (seven == "X" && five == "X" && three == "X") ||
(seven == "X" && eig... | {
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c++, beginner, algorithm, programming-challenge, c++17
} else if (n >= twenty) {
return SPACE + tens_and_zero[n / ten] + int2string(n % ten);
} else if (n >= 1) {
return SPACE + zero_to_twenty[n];
} else {
return EMPTY_STRING;
}
}
};
References
Proble... | {
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the plane by using the cross product: We calculate as and , and are the components of the vector: (3). We simply give the parameter t various values as it ranges through 0 → π 2 and, for each value of t, calculate corresponding values of (x,y) which are then plotted on a Cartesian xy plane. Using parametric equations e... | {
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"... |
algorithms, algorithm-analysis, graphs, runtime-analysis, shortest-path
The comment to this accepted answer points out that it makes more sense to give the complexity in termes of the size of the graph and therefore it should be $O((|V| + |E|) \cdot log |V|)$
Obviously, if the heuristic assigns a value of 0 to every n... | {
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... |
ros-kinetic
Originally posted by Victor Lopez with karma: 651 on 2018-05-30
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by Ruben Alves on 2018-05-31:
Hi @Victor
It worked with catkin build -DCATKIN_ENABLE_TESTING=0. Thank you very much.
Comment by Ruben Alves on 2018-05-31:
R... | {
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algorithms, time-complexity, asymptotics, master-theorem
When I first had to study this theorem, I found that for me personally, the meaning of $\epsilon$ was somewhat difficult to understand and memorise. I believe to have found a simpler way to write this theorem, and I am wondering if it can be used equivalently, o... | {
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botany, plant-physiology, ecology, virology, host-pathogen-interaction
they collect samples of plants and somehow by analyzing their DNA notice that these plants are all infected by some kind of virus | {
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"url": n... |
Online Latex Equation Editor. Convert Latex Equations into Images to Embed in Documents. Embed Equation in Web Page, Forum, Google Docs, Twitter. Render Latex Math Equations into Plain Text ASCII. Insert ASCII Eqn as comment in source-code or email. Convert your email or address to image to avoid spam. Supports (PNG, G... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9149009526726545,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8131262695581617,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8887587964389112,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 2737.6394832181313,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8952114582061768,
"tag... |
javascript, strings, array, sorting
Title: Implementing a Sort for an Array Yesterday, I gave an interview after a long time, and I was asked a question which I couldn't solve on the spot.
I had to implement a sort function for a Array of strings in JavaScript, with the following requirements:
The Array will always c... | {
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As well, I am particularly confused by the answer in the solution manual which makes it's argument as follows:
### Solution Manual
If $E$ and $F$ are mutually exclusive events in an experiment, then $P( E \cup F) = P( E) + P( F)$. We desire to compute the probability that $E$ occurs before $F$ , which we will denote ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9482817649841309,
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html, css, html5
img {
width: 100%;
}
.user-functions,
.user-settings,
.search {
display: none;
width: 100%;
background: #FAFAFA;
padding: 1em;
}
.user-functions.open,
.user-settings.open,
.search.open {
display: block;
}
.user-functions ul li,
.us... | {
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "html, css, html5",
"url": null
} |
wifi, regulations
Title: In Elevator Phone Connectivity Reuirements ASME 2019 is WIFI bridging Acceptable? What is acceptable connectivity for an Elevator Phone system. As analog systems are going by the way side, Cellular is one option, however is it acceptable to use point to point WIFI bridging to accomplish this t... | {
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"id": 5416,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "wifi, regulations",
"url": null
} |
java, strings, array
public static String[][] convertToWordArray(String[] input) {
String[][] result = new String[input.length][];
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
result[i] = input[i].trim().split("\\s+");
}
return result;
}
} | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
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"tags": "java, strings, array",
"url": null
} |
with sine taylor series obtained from the Taylor series with n terms. Review the logic needed to understand calculus theorems and definitions. Byju's Linear Approximation Calculator is a tool which makes calculations very simple and interesting. You have seen that a good strategy for working with infinite sums is to us... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9943580923359432,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8438951104066293,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 507.36004379028805,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8676291704177856,
"tags": n... |
c++, recursion, lambda, c++20
template<typename T>
concept is_inserterable = requires(T x)
{
std::inserter(x, std::ranges::end(x));
};
#ifdef USE_BOOST_MULTIDIMENSIONAL_ARRAY
template<typename T>
concept is_multi_array = requires(T x)
{
x.num_dimensions();
x.shape();
boost::multi_array(x);
};
#endif
... | {
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"tags": "c++, recursion, lambda, c++20",
"url": null
} |
c++, performance, c++17
void Row::addSkyscrapers(const std::vector<int> &skyscrapers,
Direction direction)
{
if (direction == Direction::front) {
addSkyscrapers(skyscrapers.begin(), skyscrapers.end(),
mRowFields.begin(), mRowFields.end());
}
else {
... | {
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"tags": "c++, performance, c++17",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, gauge-theory
But, for fields relevant only in very high energies (the electroweak gauge bosons), which were also discovered after SR, the relativistic form of the equations is the default. You can certainly write things in components, but this is not a very useful notation.
There are some except... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, gauge-theory",
"url": null
} |
navigation, mapping, hector-navigation, move-base, hector-mapping
Comment by Huibuh on 2013-11-12:
Regarding hector_navigation: I tried getting it to work under Hydro. Issues: 1) If I remove the common_rosdeps dependency I get ".../hector_navigation/hector_elevation_visualization/src/hector_elevation_visualization.h:1... | {
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"tags": "navigation, mapping, hector-navigation, move-base, hector-mapping",
"url": null... |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-entanglement, coherence
So that is how to easily understand entanglement as destroying coherence: the more you're entangled, the more the orthogonality of the other system kills your off-diagonal terms, and the more your substate looks like a classical probability mixture, transferring the c... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-entanglement, coherence",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-information
Bekenstein bound limits the amount of information that can be stored in a system of bounded size and mass. Does that imply that the number of possible states is finite?
Since we are talking about a finite-volume system, its energy spectrum must necessarily be discrete, and there... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information",
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} |
interview-questions, functional-programming, scala
Here is scala implementation of the same ,
import scala.language.postfixOps
object PrintSpreadSheet extends App {
val validAlphabets = ('A' to 'Z').toSeq
def cells(range: String): Seq[String] = {
val corners = (range split ":") flatMap { corner =>
Se... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "interview-questions, functional-programming, scala",
"url": null
} |
complexity-theory, factoring
Title: How hard is it to factorize sum of two numbers Say I have numbers with known factorizations $n = \prod \limits _i p_i ^{n_i}$ and $m = \prod \limits _i p_i ^{m_i}$ (where $p_i$ is the $i$th prime).
How hard is it to factorize $m+n$? Is there a more intelligent algorithm than if fac... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity-theory, factoring",
"url": null
} |
gazebo, c++
Title: How to add a custom sensor plugin? Currently I'm trying to write my own sensor plugin, based on the examples odometer and odometersystem from the git repository, but am failing to add the plugins to gazebo.
The system plugin OdometerSystem seems to be ok, but as soon as I add an instance of the sens... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "gazebo, c++",
"url": null
} |
continuous-signals, linear-systems, non-linear, differential-equation
Title: Show that decomposition does not hold for non-linear system The solution to an inhomogeneous differential equation can be split up into homogeneous solution and a particular solution (forced response).
Another way to split up the solution to ... | {
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"tags": "continuous-signals, linear-systems, non-linear, differential-equation",
"url": null
... |
c#, javascript, object-oriented, jquery
Server-side
The MeetingPollingPartsValues variable is not used
I think the MeetingPollingParts variable is not needed because you overwrite the entire MeetingPollingQuestion object
So, the entire method could be simplified for the following line
var meetingPollingQuestion = De... | {
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"tags": "c#, javascript, object-oriented, jquery",
"url": null
} |
c, matrix, formatting
if(m[i * col_size + col_size - 2] >= 0)
printf(" %5.4e,\t", m[i * col_size + col_size - 2]);
else
printf(" %5.4e,\t", m[i * col_size + i]);
if(m[i * col_size + col_size - 1] >= 0)
printf(" %5.4e", m... | {
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"tags": "c, matrix, formatting",
"url": null
} |
Basically, instead of traversing the sequence of equations once in each direction, this proof builds a two-way connection between adjacent entries, and then you only have to go through the sequence once in either direction to fully prove the connection we want between the first and last. | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9816923141479492,
"tag... |
Let’s examine the basic notions in a little more details. The following diagram shows the properties surrounding the notion of countable spread.
Diagram 1 – Properties surrounding countable spread
The implications (the arrows) in Diagram 1 can be verified easily. Central to the discussion at hand, both hereditarily s... | {
"domain": "wordpress.com",
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"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9863631631151012,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8460708576709252,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681013541611,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 136.46652973402306,
"openwebmath_score": 0.993003785610199,
"tags": ... |
sql, sql-server, t-sql
Title: Find All Recent Winners and Calculate an Encoding of What They Won Context
I was proud of this code for a little while, but the repetition wounds me. I know that the function name sucks, but the name and interface to this function are not under my control. Performance is not a concern. No... | {
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"tags": "sql, sql-server, t-sql",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity
There are some issues with proper mass. I think the best way to remind yourself of this is to say to yourself proper mass isn't proper at all.
I'm reading Robert Wald's "General Relativity" and after the discussion of the Schwarzschild Solution it goes on to talk about interior, static, spherical... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity",
"url": null
} |
acoustics, material-science
Title: What is the nonlinearity of felt on a piano's hammer? Not a physicist.
I was reading a paper about the piano.
For those unaware of its mechanism, each time a key is pressed, a hammer hits the strings (I will not enter into the details).
Point is, the hammer is covered with felt and t... | {
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"tags": "acoustics, material-science",
"url": null
} |
fft
So to note, if we had lowered the threshold to include for example the upper 20 dB, the match would be significantly closer. Similarly if we only chose a few of the strongest bins, the match would be significantly worst. | {
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ros2, ros-melodic, docker
--label 'ade_volumes_from=["ade_registry.gitlab.com_apexai_ade-atom_latest", "ade_registry.gitlab.com_autowarefoundation_autoware.auto_autowareauto_master"]' --gpus all --env NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all --env NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=compute,utility,graphics,display --env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/us... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros2, ros-melodic, docker",
"url": null
} |
javascript
Title: Generate Symmetric Ascii Have you got any suggestions to improve this code?
The idea is to generate a one-line string that is visually symmetric.
Revisions at Github
<p id="display"></p>
<script>
var display = document.getElementById('display');
var chars = [33,34,39,42,43,45,46,48,58,61,72,73,77,7... | {
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java, object-oriented
Another useful principle is YAGNI. Which stands for "You Aren't Going to Need It". Since your program doesn't do anything useful yet, it's hard to say which of these data structures you are going to need, and which you are not. That's why the initial responses to your question here on cr.se are: ... | {
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"tags": "java, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, mathematics, factors, complex-numbers
Title: Solving roots of negative numbers As part of an assignment for college summer classes, I was tasked with writing a program that solves roots of negative numbers. I've ran it through the test cases I was provided and it computes correctly. I'm looking for... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, mathematics, factors, complex-numbers",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, fermions, bosons, identical-particles
Title: Struggling to understand Identical particles I'm struggling with the concept of identical particles in QM. Say I have two electrons, with one trapped on my left $\left|\uparrow\right\rangle_1$ and one trapped on my right $\left|\downarrow\r... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, fermions, bosons, identical-particles",
"url":... |
c#, entity-framework, database, search, repository
Now each extension uses only what it really requries. It's much easier to test because you don't have to create complex objects.
Try to keep things as simple as possible.
Anyways, I think creating a few queries that can perform the few different searches you require... | {
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"tags": "c#, entity-framework, database, search, repository",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, mass, rotational-dynamics, spring
The spring force $F_S = - k x$.
The friction force $F_R$ keeping the cylinder under pure rolling.
The equations of motion of the center of mass is $$m \ddot{x} = F_S + F_R$$
The contact point must not have velocity so the motion of the cen... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, mass, rotational-dynamics, spring",
... |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, operators, non-locality
Title: Are there any nonlocal one-body operators? In case I have a one-body operator given by
$$
\hat{O}=\int d^3r\int d^3r' \,\hat\psi^\dagger(\mathbf{r})\langle \mathbf{r}|\hat O|\mathbf{r}'\rangle\hat\psi(\mathbf{r}'),
$$
are there any operators where I cann... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, operators, non-locality",
"url": null
} |
turing-machines, computability, church-turing-thesis
Edit: To address the comments so far - I know that a Turing machine with bound tape is equivalent to a DFA, and therefore definitely does not capture in any reasonable way the notion of possible real world computations. I was rather referring to models that might no... | {
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"tags": "turing-machines, computability, church-turing-thesis",
"url": null
} |
ds.algorithms, np-hardness, tree, optimization, application-of-theory
So, this is the destructive part ;-) However, if the number of different price tags is a constant, you can use dynamic programming to solve it in polynomial time. | {
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"url": nu... |
• I may also have to write a short paper to support the submission, in particular to justify that the optimal segment orientation is always (h,h) or (h,h+1). Are interested in collaborating on this? Please let me know either way Jul 12 at 8:55 | {
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"ta... |
homework-and-exercises, differential-geometry, vector-fields
The meaning of intrinsic as far as I understand it is that the vector field should be defined in a coordinate free way so that it does not use any local coordinates. Given this is at the start of the book before the Lie derivative and all that are introduced... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, differential-geometry, vector-fields",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-interpretations, bohmian-mechanics
In order to understand what this means and why this is interesting, PBR draw the analogy to classical statistical mechanics, where you might have different distributions $\mu_E(x,p)$ on phase space indexed by some parameter $E$. When they don't overlap (suc... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-interpretations, bohmian-mechanics",
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} |
electrostatics, capacitance
field of the positively charged sphere as we take in the parallel capacitor to find the capacitance? The original text of the question remains hard for me to understand, but you clarified what was confusing you in the comments and now I can attempt to answer. | {
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complexity-theory, reference-request, decision-problem
3 gets mapped to $1000\ 00\ 1, 0100\ 00\ 1$ and $0000\ 00\ 01$
5 gets mapped to $1000\ 00\ 000\ 1, 0010\ 00\ 000\ 1$ and $0000\ 00\ 000\ 01$.
The new target value would become $1110\ 10\ 010\ 01$.
If the original problem is represented with $n$ bits, then the tran... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, reference-request, decision-problem",
"url": null
} |
performance, strings, sql, mysql, csv
INSERT INTO `EXAMPLE`(text1, text2) VALUES(myList, theValue);
END WHILE;
end;;
DELIMITER ;
call testProc(36);
select * from example;
Successful output:
text1 text2
--------------------------------------------
2 ,3, 456 , 7 8 9 ABC 1
3,... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "performance, strings, sql, mysql, csv",
"url": null
} |
You are right and uniqueness holds. To see this, let $\mu: \mathcal{R} \to [0,1]$ be a probability measure such that $\mu(\{x\}) = p(x)$. Then, for every $A \in \mathcal{R}$, we have $$\mu (A) = \mu ((A \cap S) \cup (A \cap S^{c})) = \mu ((A \cap S)) + \mu (A \cap S^{c}) = \mu ((A \cap S)) + 0 = \mu( \bigcup_{x \in A \... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8179778935516492,
"lm_q2_score": 0.828938806208442,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9757503867149353,
"tags... |
image-processing, computer-vision, opencv
they should be independent of keypoint position
If the same keypoint is extracted at different positions (e.g. because of translation) the descriptor should be the same.
they should be robust against image transformations
Some examples are changes of contrast (e.g. image of th... | {
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"id": 1132,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "image-processing, computer-vision, opencv",
"url": null
} |
javascript, html, knockout.js, to-do-list
<tr data-bind="css: { active : isDone()}">
<td class="col-lg-2"><input type="checkbox" data-bind="checked: isDone" /></td>
<td class="col-lg-5"><span data-bind="text: title, visible: !editable(), click: $parent.to... | {
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"id": 6436,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, html, knockout.js, to-do-list",
"url": null
} |
c#
Title: Use less memory and make it runs faster (if it is possible) I have to improve this code that searches for missing and duplicates values in a list:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Test
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.Wr... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#",
"url": null
} |
reinforcement-learning, ai-design, q-learning, open-ai
Title: How to add more than 1 agent in one generation with Q Learning Sometimes the agent learns a bit slow and you want to have multiple agents in one generation. And at each episode you'll draw on the screen only the best of them or all of them. How is that poss... | {
"domain": "ai.stackexchange",
"id": 1991,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "reinforcement-learning, ai-design, q-learning, open-ai",
"url": null
} |
# is this process a Markov one?
Here is the problem I can't solve.
Let $$\xi_n$$ $$(n=1,2,3,\dots)$$ be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables on $$\mathbb{R}$$ with density $$p(x)>0$$, let $$\eta_n=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\xi_i^2$$. Define $$\zeta_t = \eta_{[t]}(t-[t]) \times \eta_{[t]+1}(-t+[t]+1),$$ where $$[t]$$ denotes the... | {
"domain": "mathoverflow.net",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9744347875615795,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8413188080589913,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8633915976709976,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 115.11499415100701,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9466360211372375,
"tag... |
noise, estimation, maximum-likelihood-estimation
with a linear filter before sampling. But if the process is not
Gaussian (it is,
let us say, LaPlacian), then while each sample will be LaPlacian, the
same cannot be said generally of samples of the process after filtering
of any kind. In other words, Gaussianity
survi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "noise, estimation, maximum-likelihood-estimation",
"url": null
} |
(answers) to a quadratic equation, because of the in the equation. [ details ] Then go to step 7. Therefore it is easier and more accurate if the quadratic formula and factored form work better. O Quadratic Equation to Standard Form (L 1) Quadratic Equation to Standard Form (1. Give an example of a real-world situation... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9871787879966233,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8047802163424543,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324848629214,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 551.1855345766834,
"openwebmath_score": 0.65755... |
search, depth-first-search
Assume that that the algorithm has a closed list and that nodes are added to the frontier in the following order: Up, Right, Down, Left. For example, if node J is expanded: there is no node up from J so nothing is added to the frontier for up. K is right from J so it is added to the frontier... | {
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"id": 2974,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "search, depth-first-search",
"url": null
} |
c, circular-list
/***************************************************************************
* Removes the element at index 'index' from the list and returns the *
* it. If the list is empty or the index is out of range, returns NULL. *
**********************************************************... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c, circular-list",
"url": null
} |
+0
# im stuck in this koobits !
0
912
5
Find the sum of the following series by pairing two numbers to make ten(s). 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19
Nov 20, 2015
#2
+23299
+15
Find the sum of the following series by pairing two numbers to make ten(s).
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19
$$\begi... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.963779946215714,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8031415336500535,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245953120234,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 420.2697975526104,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7787240147590637,
"tags": null,... |
quantum-field-theory, operators, correlation-functions, wick-theorem, wilson-loop
\tag{*}$$
By Wick's theorem you should get
$$
\left\langle\mathrm{tr}\overrightarrow{U}\left(t_1,t_2\right)\right\rangle=N+N^{-2}\int_{t_1}^{t_2}dt\,\int_{t_1}^{t}d{t}'\left\langle\mathrm{tr}\overrightarrow{U}\left(t_1,{t}'\right)\mathrm... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 54166,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, operators, correlation-functions, wick-theorem, wilson-loop"... |
c++, performance, recursion, memory-management, iteration
using namespace std;
This is discouraged, I don't think it makes much difference in a program of this size, but it can be a bad habit to rely on.
int n=0, r=0, i=0;
Try and only declare variables in the smallest scope possible, as in right when you need them... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, performance, recursion, memory-management, iteration",
"url": null
} |
c++, beginner, object-oriented, tic-tac-toe
Title: Simple text-based tic-tac-toe I am learning C++ and I need help to review my first code and see how I could improve it in any way. Any suggestions are welcome. It was tested and it is free of bug.
The code is a game called TicTacToe and do the following:
Create a 4x4... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, object-oriented, tic-tac-toe",
"url": null
} |
java, game, state-machine
You have non-final non-private statics, and I presume they are accessed from all over the place. Additionally, the menubackgroundscreen is public?
Your classes should be properly encapsulated, and state changes should be only possible from triggers that are managed from inside the class.
The ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, game, state-machine",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, angular-momentum, group-theory, representation-theory, observables
Title: What extra observable(s) are needed to label the basis states of a representation of the rotation group in $N$-dimensional space? In $3$-dimensional space, any given irreducible representation of the rotation group has a basis... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 70621,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, angular-momentum, group-theory, representation-theory, observab... |
classical-mechanics, acoustics, water, frequency
... How do I model the system? you model it as a helmholtz resonator, in which the mass element is the volume of air entrained within the entry spout on the top of the lid and the compliance element is the volume of air inside the container. That mass, when coupled with... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 66149,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics, acoustics, water, frequency",
"url": null
} |
length as the pvalue vector) which assigns each point to a. Actual residual. qqnorm is a generic function the default method of which produces a normal QQ plot of the values in y. I don't know if you still need to know this, but I know the answer. It can be used in python scripts, shell, web application servers and oth... | {
"domain": "agenziafunebretassoni.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307668889047,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.816919037802322,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339656668286,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1034.3576954213952,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5142551064491272,... |
navigation, move-base
Title: Sensor out of bounds
Hello. I've attached the result of the rxgraph. I've created a node which is sending commands to the move_base_node, my map is a static one published by map_server, I'm using amcl to obtain the map->odom transform. My configure files are ok, in the global_costmap my m... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 5631,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "navigation, move-base",
"url": null
} |
memory, evolution
As for long term memory, I'm not really convinced it is that large really, it seems to me people in general in ten years.. have forgotten pretty much everything. Occational glitch.. occational stuff, and even that is usually vague and full of wrongs.
And when people cram for exams.. take the best stu... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 764,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "memory, evolution",
"url": null
} |
# Number of subsets from an ordered set where adjacent elements may or may not be tied together
Assume we have an ordered set $S$ with a finite number of elements $S=\{1,2,3,\ldots,N\}$. I need to know the number of subsets where adjacent elements from the original set may either be tied together as one "unit" shown w... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.992539358301545,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8205439872308101,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117876664789,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 181.88240831912347,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8836866617202759,
"tag... |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, electromagnetic-induction
So according to Faraday's law, the induced emf is
$$\mathscr E=\frac {\Delta \Phi}{\Delta t}=\frac {(\ell v \Delta t)B}{\Delta t}=B\ell v$$
So we have recovered the result that you obtained from the magnetic Lorentz force. In my opinion the magnetic Lorentz ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 68586,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, electromagnetic-induction",
"url": null
} |
python, html, parsing, logging, modules
You can use this method to add a particular Report or a
sequence of reports.
Parameters
----------
item : Report | sequence
item to add to the content
"""
if isinstance(item, str):
raise TypeError("""Not su... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, html, parsing, logging, modules",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises
$$\frac{a^2(-2n(1+\cos(n\pi))-(-1+n^2)\pi\sin(n\pi))}{(-1+n^2)^2\pi^2}$$
Obviously, we have a problem for $n=1$: we get zero over zero. Is there something we did wrong with this integral? The only way I can get an answer that isn't in-determinant is if I take n to be 1 before ... | {
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"id": 9494,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises",
"url": null
} |
algorithm-analysis, runtime-analysis
I know that the running time of this code in the worst case is $O(\lg n)$. But the question I was given if the fifth line was changed from $m = \frac{x+y}{2}$ to $m=\frac{2x+y}{3}$, would the running time change?
My intuition is that the running time gets a little larger as it is n... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 1743,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithm-analysis, runtime-analysis",
"url": null
} |
electrochemistry
Title: Can a reference electrode be inserted into an electrochemical cell horizontally? If I have an opening on the side of my electrochemical cell, I'm wondering if I can use this to insert a reference electrode. It is normally used to insert an L-shaped tube where you place the reference electrode, ... | {
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"id": 8536,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electrochemistry",
"url": null
} |
Let's start by asking, whether one can further speed things up. One obvious improvement is to try compiling entire Select, rather than just the predicate.
The following function is a generator of compiled Select functions, which take (preferably compiled) predicate and return compiled Select:
ClearAll[createTupleSele... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9693242000616578,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 1631.2728188724054,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3517647385597229,
"ta... |
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