text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
c++, beginner, math-expression-eval
Nearly all of these can be implemented in terms of another function, so you only need to write an addition or multiplication loop once.
Compute the Quotient and Remainder at the Same Time
Most division algorithms will give you both, and this is one of the longest computations to hav... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, math-expression-eval",
"url": null
} |
nlp, data-science-model, bert, finetuning
Testing
Test Accuracy: 0.5658333333333333
Test Classification Report:
precision recall f1-score support
0 0.57 0.68 0.62 214
1 0.49 0.56 0.52 183
2 0.58 0.52 0.55 ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nlp, data-science-model, bert, finetuning",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, gravity, spacetime, causality
If $-H$ grows superquadratically with distance $|x|$ then the spacetime may be non-distinguishing (but causal). Recall, that causal spacetime would be non-distinguishing if there are distinct points that have the same past and/or future sets. An example of non-distingu... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, gravity, spacetime, causality",
"url": null
} |
c#, design-patterns, ddd
The use of reflection automates and simplifies a repetitive task with
a minor performance trade off. Caching the property/field info could
help a little but I personally have had no issues with it performance
wise. Also using reflection grabs all while using the yield like in
the examp... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, design-patterns, ddd",
"url": null
} |
phylogenetics, phylogeny, bacteria, substitution-model, matrix
BIC/AIC results in an outcome that isn't biologically realistic .... OR
there has been some weird parallel/convergent evolution - this happens in parasites for certain
If you are using a single matrix not mixed model and Q.insect is cropping up - I would ... | {
"domain": "bioinformatics.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"tags": "phylogenetics, phylogeny, bacteria, substitution-model, matrix",
"url": nu... |
terminology, cardiology, history, electrocardiography
Title: ECG wave names origin Why do electrocardiogram waves go P, Q, R, S, T and not like A, B, C, D? Is there any specific reason behind this? Interesting question! I searched briefly and came up with an answer from this short paper.
I won't repeat all the detail... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "terminology, cardiology, history, electrocardiography",
"url": null
} |
beginner, php, html
getQuoteParams:
Except for ky, $params array can be changed and additional key/value can be added into:
/**
*
* @return an array of parameters for stock quote from version 1 API at iextrading
*/
public static function getQuoteParams(){
$params=array(
array(
"id... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "beginner, php, html",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, kinematics, photons, momentum, velocity
Title: Correct expression for photon 4-momentum Using that the photon is on a null geodesic, we can write the geodesic equation:
$$g^{\mu\nu}\dot{x}_\mu\dot{x}_\nu = 0,$$
and probably also $$g^{\mu\nu}{p}_\mu{p}_\nu = 0$$.
My question: in this resource, they... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, kinematics, photons, momentum, velocity",
"url": null
} |
ros, add-dependencies, cmake
If you follow this layout the tutorials will make more sense.
find_package is for finding existing cmake packages, not the current project. Do not include 'robot' to find_package. same with Depends - these are the packages that your package is dependent on.
You need to create a library fi... | {
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"tags": "ros, add-dependencies, cmake",
"url": null
} |
an in-depth video series about differential equations and the MATLAB ODE suite. The problem with Euler's Method is that you have to use a small interval size to get a reasonably accurate result. 14 STUDY TIP In Example 2, the rate of conversion was assumed to be proportional to the square of the unconverted amount. Par... | {
"domain": "vievimilano.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9763105314577313,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8156913821326103,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835432479661,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 628.559223201776,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4513215720653534,
"tag... |
special-relativity, time-dilation
Length contraction. This says that the lifetime of the particle in its rest frame is a "proper time" $\tau'$, and our time $t$ should instead be turned into a distance $L = t~v$ in our frame of reference. The particle does not see this distance directly but actually sees the length-co... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "special-relativity, time-dilation",
"url": null
} |
c#, sql-server, asp.net, ado.net
if (x == 1)
{
break;
}
As of now, my website is working okay by using the codes presented above. But I'm really not sure if this is the right way to do it. Kindly suggest the appropriate techniques to achieve the same goal as I have explained above. Introduction: no one reviewed yo... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, sql-server, asp.net, ado.net",
"url": null
} |
gazebo
Title: onComplete SetAnimation problem
void SetAnimation (const common::PoseAnimationPtr &_anim, boost::function< void()> _onComplete)
With the second parameter...I'm trying to do "Things to try on your own" section in the wiki of Gazebo, "Controlling a Robot"...
Here is my code:
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#... | {
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} |
quantum-gate, programming, circuit-construction
Title: How do I check what is wrong in my full-adder code? I am trying to solve the first question on the qiskit test which is writing a code for a full adder.
So based on my research if I have $A$ q[0], $B$ q[1] and $C$ in q[2] as input and Sum and Cout as output, I sho... | {
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"tags": "quantum-gate, programming, circuit-construction",
"url": null
} |
that each digit in the whole number represents a power of 10:. Usage of Scientific Notation Converter. 1 === * The installer now includes a check for a data corruption issue with certain versions of libxml2 2. Example # 1. 00007245 becomes 7. Meaning of uncertainty If the probability distribution characterized by the m... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9648551525886194,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8200990720518506,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711794579722,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1241.7866927823904,
"openwebmath_score": 0.64779770... |
Is everything correct so far?
• Do you have an idea how we could find the equation of the line? @Bernard – Mary Star Jul 15 '17 at 16:27
• Please seen my hint. You may check your answer from the answer provided by projective geometry. – Bernard Jul 15 '17 at 16:37
• Related: Construct tangent to a circle. Translating ... | {
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"tag... |
gazebo
#10 operator()<std::basic_string<char> > (a1=..., this=<optimised out>) at /usr/include/boost/bind/bind_template.hpp:47
#11 boost::detail::function::function_obj_invoker1<boost::_bi::bind_t<std::string, std::string (*)(std::string const&), boost::_bi::list1<boost::arg<1> > >, std::string, std::string const&>::i... | {
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"id": 3576,
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"tags": "gazebo",
"url": null
} |
the side length are 20 cm each. If we find the area of one of the triangles, then we can multiply it by six in order to calculate the area of the entire figure. So we have discovered a general formula for the area, using the smaller triangles inside the hexagon! In order to solve the problem we need to divide the diame... | {
"domain": "gridserver.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9857180648162212,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8104466722089778,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891239865619,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 437.94188653280725,
"openwebmath_score": 0.661034882068634,
"ta... |
c++, game, c++17
//std::cout << std::setw(5) << mBall.topLeft().x << " "
// << std::setw(5) << mBall.topLeft().y << " "
// << std::setw(10) << radientToDegrees(mBall.angle())
// << std::setw(10) << radientToDegrees(mBall.quadrantAngle())
// << std::setw(3) << static_cast<int>(... | {
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"tags": "c++, game, c++17",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros2, installation
Edit:
Why the Galactic has shorter EOL than Foxy?
Because it's a non-LTS release. From here:
Support
LTS releases
Since Ubuntu LTS releases come with 5 years of standard support we aim to match the same duration. In even years new ROS 2 releases will happen one month after the Ubuntu LTS has... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros2, installation",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, database
def test_db_read_one(project_db):
result = project_db.read(_id=1)
assert result == {"id": 1, "name": "Project", "project_number": "00-001"}
def test_db_add(project_db):
project_db.add(name="NewProject", project_number="27-asdf-23487")
entries = project_db.read_all()
asse... | {
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"tags": "python, beginner, database",
"url": null
} |
qiskit, programming, ibm-q-experience, error-correction, error-mitigation
#Update the measurement correction fitter with the second 8 calibration circuits
meas_fitter.add_data(new_results=job2_res)
meas_fitter.plot_calibration()
We create a circuit with four qubits, so we get 16 calibration circuits. we split them in... | {
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If you want unitary subrings, how about looking at subrings of the 3×3 matrices over the integers? You could take S to be all those of the form $\begin{bmatrix}a&x&0\\0&b&0\\0&0&c\end{bmatrix}$, and T to be all those of the form $\begin{bmatrix}a&0&0\\0&b&y\\0&0&c\end{bmatrix}$. Then S∪T is not closed under addition.
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9440476298332214,
"... |
Yes, if we change the inequality to an equation in the definition of $$\mathbf{Cost}$$-functor we get an isometry between Lawvere metric spaces: a map that preserves distances.
Comment Source:> To answer "What is a \$$\mathbf{Bool}\$$-functor?", it is an [elementary embedding](https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/elementary+... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.97112909472487,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8234861578181902,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677545357568,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 911.4152777279234,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8552206158638,
"tag... |
This gives (derive ) $$E(A)=N+1$$ Note that $B=X$ when $X \le Y$ and $B=Y$ when $X\ge Y$ as in the example table below for $N=6$. $$\begin{array}{c|cccccc} 6&1&2&3&4&5&6\\ 5&1&2&3&4&5&5\\ 4&1&2&3&4&4&4\\ 3&1&2&3&3&3&3\\ 2&1&2&2&2&2&2\\\ 1&1&1&1&1&1&1\\ \hline B&1&2&3&4& 5&6 \end{array}$$ So (derive) $$P(B=k)=\frac{2N-2... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9828232874658905,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8273658520549735,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256492357358,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 198.74936968293898,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9153696894645691,
"ta... |
ros, gazebo, turtlebot, camera, multiple
** one_robot.launch **
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<launch>
<arg name="robot_name"/>
<arg name="init_pose"/>
<node name="spawn_minibot_model" pkg="gazebo" type="spawn_model" args="$(arg init_pose) -urdf -param /robot_description -model $(arg robot_name)" respawn="false... | {
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"id": 14664,
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"tags": "ros, gazebo, turtlebot, camera, multiple",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, general-relativity, gravity, black-holes
Notice that, in any case, the problem of "how does a particle knows the direction of time?" does not depend on spacetime having singularities at all, and the very same problem could be posed on other spacetimes. For example, the very same question would hold ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, general-relativity, gravity, black-holes",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery, asynchronous, promise, pagination
console.log("Received repos from Github:", data);
for (i in data) {
allRepos.push(data[i]);
}
saveRepos(allRepos);
var headerLink = req.getResponseHeader("Link");
var headerLinkNext = parseLinkHeader(headerLink)["next"];
if (headerL... | {
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"id": 24356,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery, asynchronous, promise, pagination",
"url": null
} |
holographic-principle
The holographic principle in asymptotically AdS spacetime is realized by the AdS/CFT correspondence, where CFT stands for Conformal Field Theory. A CFT is a special kind of quantum field theory that is symmetric with respect to angle-preserving transformations, including transformations that are ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "holographic-principle",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++14, email, curl
std::string Email::setPayloadText()
{
std::string payloadText = "Date: " + dateTimeNow() + "\r\n"
"To: <" + to_ + ">\r\n"
"From: \"" + nameFrom_ +"\" <" + from_ + ">\r\n";
if (cc_.length()) {
payloadText += "Cc: <" + cc_ + ">\r\n";
}
payloadText += "Messa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c++14, email, curl",
"url": null
} |
c#, beginner, coordinate-system
}
if (squareNumber >= 36 && squareNumber <= 41){
rowNumber = 0;
columnNumber = squareNumber % 6;
}
}//end MapSquareNumToScreenRowAndColumn
I'm fairly new to programming, so I just wanted a second opinion on it. Is there a way for me to get t... | {
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"tags": "c#, beginner, coordinate-system",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning-model, q-learning
Yes.
Or can the exploration function be used along with the epsilon greedy Q learning algorithm as a form of some optimization?
Yes it should be possible to combine the two approaches. It would add complexity, but it might offer some benefit in terms of learning speed, stability or... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning-model, q-learning",
"url": null
} |
electrical-engineering, motors
Is there a mathematical way of calculating this? It's confusing since there's 3 voltages that are all averaged at 400V but measured at any given moment they're 3 very different voltages connected to each other.
I tend to think graphically and my illustration below may help.
Figure 2. (... | {
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"tags": "electrical-engineering, motors",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, computer-vision, object-recognition
Title: Which API can I use for tracking the position of animal in one or more images? I'd like to build an application for tracking the position of a given animal (e.g. a cat) in a series of images.
Is there any off-the-shelf API I could use?
Azure has some Vision ... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, computer-vision, object-recognition",
"url": null
} |
java, amazon-s3
As near as I can tell this is the cleanest way to do this but it has one characteristic that I don't like. If I'm looking a root level folder I'm requesting the names of all files in all sub-folders only to iterate over them and learn that there is only one object in the actual root level folder. I've ... | {
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"tags": "java, amazon-s3",
"url": null
} |
python, python-2.x, web-scraping, beautifulsoup
def combineArrays(self, arrays):
print "incombinearrays"
# create a variable of the length of the arrays
length_of_all_arrays = 0
for array in arrays:
for array2 in arrays:
length_of_all_arrays = len(array.child... | {
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# Falling body where acceleration is not constant
1. Mar 23, 2015
### barryj
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
Most physics problems that involve a falling body assume constant acceleration. How does one account for the changing acceleration if a body is dropped from a very high altitude?
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7400004267692566,
"tag... |
orbit, orbital-elements, algorithm
The reason you need to use an epoch time to specify the Moon's argument of perigee and longitude of ascending node is because the Moon's orbit about the Earth precesses. Neither the argument of perigee nor the longitude of ascending node is constant. Instead, they are functions of ti... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "orbit, orbital-elements, algorithm",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, memory-management, csv
with open('citydata.txt', 'wb+') as myfile:
myfile.write('City,AvgAge,NumMales,PerMales,NumFemales,Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6,PerFemales,Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6' + '\r\n')
with open('precinctdata.txt', 'wb+') as myfile:
myfile.write('Precinct,AvgAge,NumMales,PerMales,NumFemales,Q1... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, performance, memory-management, csv",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, linear-regression
Title: What is this formula, related to simple linear regression, called? This is my first post here. I hope I can make myself clear. Right now I'm learning linear regression as part of an introduction class to machine learning.
After going over the steps in the simple regression fo... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, linear-regression",
"url": null
} |
vb.net
Grid.Cols.Item("Start Estimated").Visible = True
Grid.Cols.Item("End Estimated").Visible = True
Grid.Cols.Item("Start Actual").Visible = True
Grid.Cols.Item("End Actual").Visible = True
Grid.Cols.Item("Estimated Hours").Visible = True
Grid.Cols.Item("Actual Hours").Visibl... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "vb.net",
"url": null
} |
loops, loop-invariants, program-correctness
Usually you would write $B$ as $i \neq n+1$ instead of $i \le n$, because it makes the proof easier. In that case, you would choose $Q$ as (assuming array indexing starts at 0):
$$ j = \sum_{k=0}^{i-1} a[k] $$
Or in your notation:
j = sum(a[0] ... a[i-1]) | {
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"tags": "loops, loop-invariants, program-correctness",
"url": null
} |
EDIT: actually I've found a lot of examples where induction does not work, like:
$$T(n) = 2T\left(\frac n2\right) +1$$
The technique to solve this (subtract a lower order term from the right side of the inequality we wish to prove) is explained by Hagen von Eitzen answer. The question remains: why does induction not ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9561290740966797,
"tags... |
nlp, pytorch, transformer, sequence-to-sequence
Title: Requirements for variable length output in transformer I have been working on modifying the transformer from the article The Annotated Transformer. One of the features I would like to include is the ability to pass a sequence of fixed length, and receive an output... | {
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"tags": "nlp, pytorch, transformer, sequence-to-sequence",
"url": null
} |
c, multithreading, concurrency
queue->queue_size++;
return ERROR_FORP_SUCCESS;
}
/*****************************************************************************
* Removes the head element of the queue. This method is thread-safe since it *
* is called from multiple distinct threads. ... | {
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"tags": "c, multithreading, concurrency",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, gravity, interactions, weak-interaction, strong-force
*I don't say in a laboratory (if such an experiment that I evoke can be performed in a laboratory). What you are describing would correspond to a region of space that contains no matter at all, and no electromagnetic radiation. However, it could ... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, gravity, interactions, weak-interaction, strong-force",
"url":... |
• $S_n$ acts on itself by conjugation
• $S_n$ acts on $\mathcal{B}(n)$ by moving around the elements and hence changing the subsets
• $S_n$ acts on $P(n)$ trivially
then the maps above are $S_n$-equivariant, i.e., they commute with the $S_n$-action. Moreover, the action on $\mathcal{B}(n)$ is transitive on each fiber ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8080672112416737,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 550.858479552185,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8433372378349304,
"tags": nul... |
digital-communications, estimation, digital, equalization
If you use only one sample per symbol to derive the channel, the solution will suffer from "band edge aliasing" as I depict in the figures below, and the channel solution will suffer from the folded energy at the band edges. | {
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"tags": "digital-communications, estimation, digital, equalization",
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c#, algorithm, .net, comparative-review, closure
The problem in this code is that you are mixing output with the algorithm logic.
The second (and, as a disclaimer, I will almost certainly not be using this in actual production code, I wrote it more for my own learning), is based on closures:
I vouch for your decisio... | {
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"tags": "c#, algorithm, .net, comparative-review, closure",
"url": null
} |
object-oriented, ruby, unit-testing, random, statistics
Title: Random distribution in Ruby Below is a Ruby implementation of a random statistical event, based on a hash with the actual observed counts of outcomes.
I'd be interested in feedback in particular on what techniques I might use to avoid a loop-based accumula... | {
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"tags": "object-oriented, ruby, unit-testing, random, statistics",
"url": null
} |
javascript, css
top: 0px;
left: 0px;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
h1, h2 {
text-align: center;
font-size: xx-large;
}
h1 { color: #8CF;font-size: xxx-large}
h2 { color: #8F4}
#canvasContainer {
position: absolute;
top: 29%;
left: 0px;
height: 70%;
width: 100%;
}
canvas {
mi... | {
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"id": 41932,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, css",
"url": null
} |
gravity, entropy
That question was this: If gravity acts on all matter and all energy in the universe, wouldn't the universe eventually condense into pockets of energy and matter, after entropy causes the "heat death" of the universe?
Edit: better wording
Why wouldn't the same coalesce nice of matter and energy happen... | {
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"tags": "gravity, entropy",
"url": null
} |
fft, signal-analysis
Title: Add harmonics to a FFT decomposed signal i would like to add even harmonics from the data of FFT of a signal.
How do i do that ? do i have to search for higher magnitude frequencies then add the $2f$ then $4f$ etc ?
I understand how to do it from a sin wave for example but not from a noisie... | {
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"tags": "fft, signal-analysis",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, refraction, wavelength
Consider a many dimensional space with as many coordinates as the system considered as position coordinates. Every arrangement of the positions of the particles of the system corresponds to a point in this multidimensional configuration spa... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, refraction, wavelength",
... |
The nth moment of a random variable is
$\mathbb{E}\left[X^n\right]$
.
It turns out that we can encode the moments of a distribution into the coefficients of a special power series.
### Definition 17
The moment generating function of a random variable
$X$
is given by
$M_X(t) = \mathbb{E}\left[e^{tX}\right]$
.
Notice t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8952418565750122,
"tags": nul... |
filters, audio, software-implementation, group-delay, audio-processing
ValueError: shapes (800,109) and (800,109) not aligned: 109 (dim 1) != 800 (dim 0)
which is rather obvious. I tried to implement that in Matlab as well, hoping that maybe it's a python fault but it fails as well.
[x,fs] = audioread('test.wav');
n_... | {
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"tags": "filters, audio, software-implementation, group-delay, audio-processing",
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... |
ros
Title: how get torque of each joint during move in ROS?
hi !
how get torque of each joint during move in ROS ?
Originally posted by zakizadeh on ROS Answers with karma: 217 on 2016-09-21
Post score: 0
There is the plugin ft_sensor. Here's the snippet in my urdf file:
<xacro:macro name="sensor_force_torque" par... | {
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## Tips
• Calling besselj for a number that is not a symbolic object invokes the MATLAB® besselj function.
• At least one input argument must be a scalar or both arguments must be vectors or matrices of the same size. If one input argument is a scalar and the other one is a vector or a matrix, besselj(nu,z) expands t... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8028498821612069,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324871074608,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9081595540046692,
"tags": ... |
signal-analysis, continuous-signals
Title: Additive but not homogeneous continuous system? I am trying to find an example of a continuous system that is homogeneous, but not additive.
So far, the only example I could find was an example from this page, which describes system as $y(t) = \overline{x(t)}$, where (as I un... | {
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"tags": "signal-analysis, continuous-signals",
"url": null
} |
size of integers. Would be necessary in general, it was not defined as a for. By one must be established elements that are currently initialized within a specific scope.. … we show that any intervals ( a fact known as Schröder–Bernstein theorem ) a to set Y s... { 0 } } ) the Delphi Help and at developers.href.com site... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9711290930537121,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8050065931222012,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388083214156,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 615.9517788372459,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7527933120727539,
"tags":... |
space, vacuum
(I recently learned about it from discussions about planting a sour cherry tree in poor soil.) | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "space, vacuum",
"url": null
} |
gwas
Title: Gwas analysis studies using the result of differential analysis I want to do a GWAS analysis using the differentially expressed genes that I got from a differential analysis. The purpose is the identification of biomarkers.
It's my first time using GWAS, can you please suggest to me a pipeline to use? I am... | {
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"id": 1961,
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"tags": "gwas",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, vectors, linear-algebra, notation
Title: Conceptual difference between ket and bra vectors in layman's terms From the relation $\langle a|b \rangle = \langle b|a \rangle ^*$ it can be seen that we can get same inner product by "swapping vectors" in Hilbert space and taking complex con... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 97772,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, vectors, linear-algebra, notation",
"url": nul... |
fluid-dynamics, frequency, scaling
The particular beauty of the aforementioned procedure is that "it is autonomous". I presume that for the Strouhal number there should be an assumption such as "let the flow instability be described by a time-harmonic function".
It must be based on Euler equations rather then Navier-S... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"tags": "fluid-dynamics, frequency, scaling",
"url": null
} |
bioinformatics, molecular-genetics, genomics, theoretical-biology
From the information that you are providing it is possible that the 5th order model reaches the sweet spot of having great performance with a reasonably contained parameter space.
It is not clear how your model also works.
Is each state a single nucle... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "bioinformatics, molecular-genetics, genomics, theoretical-biology",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, gravity, quantum-gravity
What is missing is unification of all four forces, gravity included. This is usually called a Theory of Everything, TOE, and is the holy grail of theoretical physics.
A theory of everything in principle will have quantized gravity and string theories do have quantization of... | {
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"id": 14245,
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, gravity, quantum-gravity",
"url": null
} |
algorithm, c, graph, pathfinding, dijkstra
CLEAN_SEARCH_STATE_2;
TRY_REPORT_RETURN_STATUS(rs);
return NULL;
}
if ((rs = parent_map_put(
p_parent,
child_vertex_id,
current_ver... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithm, c, graph, pathfinding, dijkstra",
"url": null
} |
quantum-information, linear-algebra, quantum-computer
(F_{ij'} L_{j'})^\dagger (F_{ij} L_j) = I$, equivalently $\sum_{jj'} (F^\dagger F)_{j'j} L_{j'}^\dagger L_j = I$. So one is looking for a positive definite matrix $M$ such that $\sum_{jj'} M_{j'j} L_{j'}^\dagger L_j = I$. The problem is then reduced to finding a po... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-information, linear-algebra, quantum-computer",
"url": null
} |
java, algorithm, tree
ExpressionTree expressionTree2 = new ExpressionTree("ABC+*D/");
expressionTree2.createExpressionTree();
assertEquals("/*A+BCD", expressionTree2.prefix());
assertEquals("A*B+C/D", expressionTree2.infix()); | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, algorithm, tree",
"url": null
} |
pdf , vector calculus book vector calculus , IIT JAM 2019 VECTOR CALCULUS DETAILED SOLUTIONS. Short Answer Type Questions. The version available for viewing in a web browser is the most complete, integrat-ing all of the components of the book. Let Dbe the upper half of the unit disc, given by x2 +y2 1;y 0. t/k, is the ... | {
"domain": "wikibanking.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.984810952529396,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8206671823606395,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245891029457,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1036.9361832440816,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6265687346458435,
"ta... |
java
}
CONTACT ADRESS - where to send letters.
public class AdressContact extends Adress {
public AdressContact() {
}
public AdressContact(String pc) {
super(pc);
}
}
REGISTRATION ADRESS - where the company or person is registered.
public class AdressRegistered extends Adress {
public... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java",
"url": null
} |
ros, mavlink, catkin, build
ROS_MASTER_URI=http://localhost:11311
ROSLISP_PACKAGE_DIRECTORIES=/home/odroid/Skywalker/devel/share/common-lisp
ROS_DISTRO=indigo
ROS_ETC_DIR=/opt/ros/indigo/etc/ros | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, mavlink, catkin, build",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, differential-geometry, curvature, maxwell-equations
In the wikipedia article Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime, it states without calculation that despite the use of partial derivatives, the equations are invariant under arbitrary curvilinear coordinate transformations. Because of symmetry, i... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, differential-geometry, curvature, maxwell-equations",
"url":... |
homework-and-exercises, electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, geophysics, dipole
Title: The Strength of the Tangential and Radial Components of a Dipole Magnetic Field I am following along well several textbooks (Geophysics) that helps me understand the in-depth physics behind the magnetic field of a dipole magnet. I und... | {
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... |
Thank you
6. ## Re: Normal distribution and unit
Originally Posted by eulerian
Thank you.
So, the unit of likelihood function should be 1/(units of underlying rv).
As I know, log function is a transcendental function, which only deals with unitless variables.
What is the unit of log-likelihood function? Can we log... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9102737903594971,
... |
• I'm really confused in this problem, i know the different ways possible sale 4-0,3-1,2-2,1-3 and 0-4 so my belief was that the answer should be 1/5. But then there must be something about P(heads)=2/3 right? – Sophia Dec 16 '15 at 16:26 | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8397352864144397,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677622198946,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 425.468828550359,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9979198575019836,
"tags... |
objective-c
return (! ([term isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]] || [CalculatorBrain isOperation:term]));
}];
}
return ([variablesUsed count] > 0) ? variablesUsed : nil;
} There is no need to return a copy of the variablesUsed set. It's actually wrong to do so, because naming conventions for your method ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "objective-c",
"url": null
} |
botany, allelopathy
All extracts of the three species of Acacia contain saponins and condensed tannins.
The most toxic one was the ethyl acetate extract of seeds from A. cyanophylla, a total inhibition of growth (100%) was registered.
A new triterpenoid saponin called mollisside B has been registered for the first tim... | {
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"id": 8238,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "botany, allelopathy",
"url": null
} |
rviz, urdf
<param> tag must have one and only one of value/textfile/binfile.
The traceback for the exception was written to the log file
I also attach the screen shot of rvizScreenshot rviz.png
Please notice at RobotModel > Links > right_leg
Edit 2:
I used the same workspace which I already created with another proje... | {
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"tags": "rviz, urdf",
"url": null
} |
algorithm, recursion, primes, clojure
;; This is the clojure version of the original python code done on jeremykun website
;; https://jeremykun.com/2013/06/16/miller-rabin-primality-test/
(defn pow [x y & [z]]
(if z
(mod (math/expt x y) z)
(math/expt x y)))
(defn rand-between [n]
(rand-nth (range 2 n)))
... | {
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"tags": "algorithm, recursion, primes, clojure",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, number-guessing-game
Title: Solver for a number-game (8-queens applied to Sudoku) Since I while ago I've been addicted to a number-game that you can think of as a binary Sudoku. The game is called (in Italian) Alberi (trees) and I haven't found any equivalent when searching the internet.
The purp... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, performance, number-guessing-game",
"url": null
} |
beginner, bash
# --- remove TER lines so chains are continuous, change all chains to 'A' or
# --- user input value and set segment ID to 'A' or user value
mod_segment_ter_chainid () {
# remove TER lines
log "@>> removing TER lines"
sed -i "/TER/d" $phnxtmp
# change chain to A
log "@>> changing chai... | {
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"tags": "beginner, bash",
"url": null
} |
everyday-life, phase-transition
When I have a soda plastic bottle, I turn it upside down so the soda fills the empty space, and bubbles start growing on the walls of the plastic.
So, why does this happen?
I can think of something like a film forming around the empty space, and it reacts with the liquid, if so, what is... | {
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"tags": "everyday-life, phase-transition",
"url": null
} |
The (real) inner product is defined as
(1) $$\langle x+y,z\rangle=\langle x,z\rangle+\langle y,z \rangle$$
(2) $$\langle \alpha x,y\rangle=\alpha\langle x,y\rangle$$
(3) $$\langle x,y\rangle=\langle y,x\rangle$$
(4) $$\langle x,x\rangle\geq 0$$, $$\langle x,x\rangle=0 \iff x=0$$
The properties (2) and (3) seem int... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117962054048,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 134.45917371066852,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8971779346466064,
"ta... |
java, homework, swing, event-handling
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("KeyEvent Handler");
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.addKeyListener(new KeyHandler());
frame.setVisible(true);
}
} Unl... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, homework, swing, event-handling",
"url": null
} |
ros-melodic, roslaunch, roscore
[ 46.108284] rc.local[661]: from rospy.service import _Service, ServiceException
[ 46.112301] rc.local[661]: File "/opt/ros/melodic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/rospy/service.py", line 45, in <module>
[... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros-melodic, roslaunch, roscore",
"url": null
} |
c#, rational-numbers
public static bool operator !=(Rational rat1, Rational rat2)
{
return !rat1.Equals(rat2);
}
// Version 2 Change for operators { +, -, *, / } :
// Removed goofy call to Simplify() and rely upon constructor.
// I use local variable n and d for bet... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, rational-numbers",
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} |
php, security
Now, for the part where I am still unsure of. How should I return the new CSRF token to the client securely? Json controller has a method called __try() this method's responsibility is to invoke the particular Ajax route (method), capture its response (or an exception) and return a JSON encoded response.... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, security",
"url": null
} |
java, algorithm, strings, pattern-matching
The code can be run here
Edit:
As suggested in the comments to the first version of algorithm, I have committed a modification.
I used two variables "forthIndex" which is initialized to pattern's length and "backIndex" initialized to 0. Also, I calculated the integer sum of n... | {
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"tags": "java, algorithm, strings, pattern-matching",
"url": null
} |
• @Alphonse I believe the equivalence still holds. – mechanodroid Jun 22 '18 at 16:17
• @mechanodroid Do you know anything about, whether a not absolut monotonic norm can be transformed by a linear mapping into a absolut monotonic norm, more exact: Given a norm $N$, does there always exist a lin mapping $A:\mathbb{C}^n... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9845754447499796,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8308783959199684,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8438951025545426,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 360.80353011551927,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9314594864845276,
"ta... |
game, objective-c, ai
#pragma mark - Needs Checking
-(BOOL) needMoreDwarves {
//count up the number of dwarves under a certain age
NSMutableArray *youngEnoughDwarves = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init];
for (DTDwarf *dwarf in self.tower.dwarfListForRender) {
if (dwarf.age < kAgeForOld) {
[yo... | {
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"tags": "game, objective-c, ai",
"url": null
} |
(Celsius to Kelvin) Kelvin. To calculate just use formula 273.15 kelvin * Celsius.The equation is simple. Kelvin to Celsius conversion formula The … So in the normal process when we start counting something then we start from the 0 and then we just add the value of quantity we want to cover. C = Celsius Science, Tech, ... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9732407160384083,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8252767520803771,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677622198947,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1804.3262654793741,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7905264496803284,
"tags": nul... |
java, email, gui, javafx
Transport t;
if(host.equals("smtp.mail.yahoo.com"))
t = sesh.getTransport("smtps");
else
t = sesh.getTransport("smtp");
//
System.out.println(">> ? smtp(s) ---> ## " + t.getURLName() + " \n>> ?");
Tr... | {
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"id": 17766,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, email, gui, javafx",
"url": null
} |
neuroscience, neuroanatomy
Title: Are neurons clustered? How do neurons make thousands of connections? According to this source, a neuron can connect to up to 10,000 other neurons. Does this imply that neurons are clustered, that is, not evenly spaced? Argument:
Say axons are length $L$, and dendrites are length $D$. ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "neuroscience, neuroanatomy",
"url": null
} |
python, unit-testing, stack
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main() I'm just going to review the unit tests here.
Overall, it looks reasonably good. I don't have many changes to suggest.
Drop test_test
I think you probably created this to experiment with the testing infrastructure. It doesn't contribute to t... | {
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"tags": "python, unit-testing, stack",
"url": null
} |
or quantum physics. fairly its not. this equation, and we end up with the central equation for eigenvalues and eigenvectors: x = Ax De nitions A nonzero vector x is an eigenvector if there is a number such that Ax = x: The scalar value is called the eigenvalue. Multiplying through by this, we get y0ex2 +2xex2y = xex2. ... | {
"domain": "grafikohnegrenzen.de",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9956005869677995,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8702318116511315,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8740772384450967,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 441.5730259174707,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7965176105499268,
"... |
newtonian-mechanics, waves, harmonic-oscillator, oscillators, viscosity
\rho w_{tt} &= \left(\sigma \frac{\partial\epsilon}{\partial w_x}\right)_x \\
&= \left(\sigma_0w_x-\frac {\sigma_0}2w_x^3+\frac E2w_x^3+\eta w_x^2w_{xt}\right)_x
\end{align}
$$
with $\sigma_0$ a background stress (i.e. $T/A$ in terms of background... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, waves, harmonic-oscillator, oscillators, viscosity",
"url":... |
noise
OK, so the other question is "How do I simulate this?".
Well, if you have to, then the key idea is to take some noise distribution, apply a low pass filter over it and then take this as your "noise overlay". Varying the parameters of the distribution and low pass filter you will achieve different qualities of no... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "noise",
"url": null
} |
image-processing, computer-vision, classification, features
Title: How does an image classifier select relevant features? I am trying to understand cascade classifiers for computer vision. I use OpenCV Traincascade for now and successfully trained some cascades.
However I am trying to grasp the whole process. One thin... | {
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"id": 8072,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "image-processing, computer-vision, classification, features",
"url": null
} |
equipment
As for any equipment working with gas: monitor the gas pressure in your reactor and use a safety release / pressure valve. | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "equipment",
"url": null
} |
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