text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
polarity, dipole
Title: What is the difference between an ion-induced dipole attraction and just an ion-dipole attraction? By what I've read, an ion-induced dipole attraction is a weak attraction that results when the approach of an ion creates a dipole in a non-polar atom or in a non-polar molecule by disturbing the ... | {
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"tags": "polarity, dipole",
"url": null
} |
speedup, quantum-algorithms, performance, classical-computing
In a QIEA, solutions are represented by bit strings of a fixed length, say, $m$. A quantum population $Q(t)$ is used, where each quantum individual consists of $m$ qubits. At each $t$, classical population $P(t)$ is determined from $Q(t)$ by "measuring" the... | {
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"tags": "speedup, quantum-algorithms, performance, classical-computing",
"url": nul... |
javascript, node.js, asynchronous
can be replaced with
destStream.on('error', callback );
since callback is also a function that can take err as a parameter
All in all, I would go with something like this(untested):
var fs = require("fs");
var moveFile = function(sourceFile, destFile, callback) {
//Set up streams... | {
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} |
x-axis, and let me draw my interval. And I'm going to-- just means we don't have any gaps or jumps in Greek letter delta is just shorthand for change in So now we're saying, line is equal to the slope of the secant line. where the instantaneous rate of change at that about when that make sense. And differentiable This ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8670357563664174,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 409.60202241971086,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7660291194915771... |
symmetry, gauge-theory, field-theory, gauge-invariance
Title: Physical difference between gauge symmetries and global symmetries There are plenty of well-answered questions on Physics SE about the mathematical differences between gauge symmetries and global symmetries, such as this question. However I would like to un... | {
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"tags": "symmetry, gauge-theory, field-theory, gauge-invariance",
"url": null
} |
Inductive step: Assume that $f(x,n)= {n+x \choose x+1}$
Now, \begin{align}f(x+1,n) &=\sum_{m=1}^n \sum_{i_1=1}^{m} \sum_{i_2=1}^{i_1} \cdots \sum_{i_x=1}^{i_{x-1}}i_x\\ &=\sum_{m=1}^n f(x,m)\\ &=\sum_{m=1}^n {m+x \choose x+1}\\ &=\sum_{l=0}^{n-1}{l+1+x \choose x+1}\\ &={n+x+1 \choose x+2}\\ \end{align} Therefore, if $... | {
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star, stellar-evolution, stellar-astrophysics, main-sequence, modeling
Edit 2:
I thought a nice explanation could be in the Ledoux criterion for convection. This criterion states that chemical gradients have a stabilizing effect against convection (i.e., it impedes convection) which would lead to the conclusion that, ... | {
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"url":... |
python, turtlebot2, turtlebot, ros-indigo
Comment by lxg on 2018-11-09:
@billy it is very possible - infact i suspected that too. how can I test/avoid that?
Comment by billy on 2018-11-09:
I would test it with a print in the callback with a unique identifier (increment a global, print it, run callback, decrement the g... | {
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"tags": "python, turtlebot2, turtlebot, ros-indigo",
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java, android, sudoku
}
private void clearGrid(int [][] Sudoku){
Available.clear();
for( int y = 0; y < 9 ; y++ ){
for( int x = 0 ; x < 9 ; x++ ){
Sudoku[x][y] = -1;
}
}
for( int x = 0 ; x < 81 ; x++ ){
Available.add(new ArrayList<Integer>());
for( int i ... | {
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"tags": "java, android, sudoku",
"url": null
} |
planet, amateur-observing
Filters
Do yourself a favor and at least pick up a lunar filter. They filter a certain percentage of the light and allow the rest through without modifying the color. The moon is so bright, it will make your eyes water trying to look at it through even a modest telescope. Lunar filters make l... | {
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"tags": "planet, amateur-observing",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, tensor-calculus
Title: Levi-Civita symbol and Hermitian conjugate When we take the Hermitian conjugate/dagger of an operator expression which contains a Levi-Civita symbol, do we need to transpose the Levi-Civita symbol? E.g., for the crossproduct
$$(\textbf{a}\times \textbf{b})_i~=~\epsilon_{ijk}\t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, tensor-calculus",
"url": null
} |
filters, finite-impulse-response, digital-filters, linear-phase
We can formulate this more broadly. Any LTI system can be split into a cascade of it's minimum phase filter and an all pass (which is indeed a maximum phase filter). So,
$$H(z) = H_{min}(z) \cdot A(z)$$
where $H_m(z)$ is the minimum phase filter that mat... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "filters, finite-impulse-response, digital-filters, linear-phase",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, quantum-field-theory, hamiltonian, klein-gordon-equation
Title: Complex scalar theory: annihilation and creation operators give wrong commutators with Hamiltonian The theory of a real (hermitian) scalar field can be found in many books and everywhere online. On the other hand, if we take the fi... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, quantum-field-theory, hamiltonian, klein-gordon-equation",... |
zoology, entomology, ant, lifespan, collective-behaviour
Eusociality is strongly associated with increased lifespan, indeed many studies on the evolution of aging have focussed on eusocial animals which have appeared to overcome aging effects to an extent (Keller & Genoud, 1999, Buffenstein 2005). The naked mole rat i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "zoology, entomology, ant, lifespan, collective-behaviour",
"url": null
} |
dft, eigendecomposition
Title: What are the eigenvalues of the 8 point DFT matrix? I know that the eigenvalues for 4 point DFT matrix can be found from $F_4^4=I$. Is this also valid for 8, 16 and higher orders? For example with 8 points, will it be $F_8^8=I$ ? If not, how can I can compute them? The eigenvalues bel... | {
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"tags": "dft, eigendecomposition",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, black-holes, astrophysics, astronomy, event-horizon
This is done in equation 1 of the fifth Event Horizon Telescope paper
$$ \theta_p = \frac{r_p}{D} = 18.8 \left(\frac{M_{\rm BH}}{6.2\times 10^9 M_{\odot}}\right) \left(\frac{D}{16.9\ {\rm Mpc}}\right)^{-1}\ {\rm microarcseconds}\ .$$
If the an... | {
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"u... |
navigation
Can anyone suggest something that I might be able to use to get a workably decent horizon reference under these circumstances? Or do I just have to wait until either the winter, or I find myself traveling to a place where ocean is visible? | {
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human-biology, biochemistry, nutrition, vitamins, minerals
Protective substances. Whole foods contain other substances important for good health. Fruits and vegetables, for example, contain naturally occurring substances called phytochemicals, which may help protect you against cancer, heart disease, diabetes and high... | {
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"tags": "human-biology, biochemistry, nutrition, vitamins, minerals",
"url": null
} |
Using this we can construct a subsequence $(a_{n_j})$ that diverges from $a$ as follows: for arbitrary $N\in \mathbb{N}$, we can always find a, say, $n_1$ such that, $n_1 \geq N$ where $|a_{n_1}-a|\geq \epsilon$. Since $n_1$ itself is in $\mathbb{N}$, then we can again find a $n_2 \geq n_1$ so that $|a_{n_2}-a|\geq \ep... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9702399043329856,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8285002313396519,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8539127566694178,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 117.03018504177386,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9761823415756226,
"ta... |
Decimals to a Fraction To convert a repeating decimal to a fraction we need to place it over 9, 99 or 999 depending on how many digits are in the period. 3 2. 9 . 556. Convert the fraction 3 250 to a decimal. Terminating And Repeating Decimals - Displaying top 8 worksheets found for this concept. How to convert repeati... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9835969703688159,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8175097776455764,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844384,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1116.3885719091054,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6260017156600952,
"ta... |
reinforcement-learning, training, dqn, proximal-policy-optimization
the dataset is non-stationary, experience is added as it is collected, and typically it is deleted to make room for new experience once a size limit of the buffer has been reached;
We don't necessarily use a data point in the buffer at all before it i... | {
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"tags": "reinforcement-learning, training, dqn, proximal-policy-optimization",
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} |
wavelet
As you can see from your data, this is not an exact science. You're data doesn't really contain any "irregularities", but the algorithm picked up on some random changes and produced an output.
This type of processing is mostly useful in cases where the signal of interest is fairly regular but includes occasio... | {
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python, performance, numpy
return alt_identification
The input is composed of 2 tuples which do not need to have the same size. e.g.
tuple_node = (40, 50, 60, 80)
tuple_node_alt = (87, 48, 59, 39)
The goal is to figure out which value from tuple_node_alt may come from which value from tuple_node. If the value from t... | {
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"url": null
} |
c#, antlr, rubberduck
AcquireTarget()
There is no need to call ToList() on the result of the Linq Where clauses because you only need either First() or FirstOrDefault(). The call to ToList() will slow down the execution because every item will be qualified but you only need the first one.
var
IMHO you are misusing... | {
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"tags": "c#, antlr, rubberduck",
"url": null
} |
dataset, bigdata, data-cleaning, data-wrangling
time1_rd = datetime1.replace(minute=0, second=0)
time2_ru = datetime2.replace(minute=0, second=0) + dt.timedelta(hours=1)
if time1_rd in set_start:
start_idx = weather_data.start_precipitation_datetime[
weather_data.start_precipitation_datet... | {
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4.3-2. Show that the solution of $T(n) = T(\lceil n/2 \rceil) + 1$ is $O(\log n)$.
We first examine the recurrence for $n \geq 2$.
We let $C > 0$ be an arbitrary constant, to be chosen later. We fix a positive integer $n$ and assume that
for all $% $. We shall show that
Observe that
We can bound the last expressio... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8991213840277783,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 732.0085319858442,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9267470836639404,
"tags": nu... |
species-identification, zoology, arachnology
The female can feature combinations of orange, black, red or blue-green, usually with metallic bands across the cephalothorax. The males look like females until they become sub adult, when they look like a cross between the female and the adult male...You can recognise C. m... | {
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"tags": "species-identification, zoology, arachnology",
"url": null
} |
>. The web that you are going exactly 50 mph gives a relationship between values of fine. Prove 1 can you explain the movement of the night ( approx definitions resource on the interval that satisfies conclusion. Between average rate of change and instantaneous rate of change brown Sharpie mean theorem., then at some p... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8273186311757473,
"lm_q2_score": 0.853912747375134,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 419.0139443976686,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7743996977806091,
... |
harmonic-oscillator
Title: Solutions of damped oscillator differential equation I am reading about damped harmonic motion in my Physics book (Gerthsen Physik) and there are two things that irritate me:
Stokes friction
It says that Stokes friction would be $$F = -m \gamma \dot{x}.$$ To me, it does not make any sense wh... | {
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• I think some more details are in order: why $1,x_1,\dots,x_1^{n-1}$ is a basis of the first ring extension? – user26857 Nov 3 '14 at 19:41
• And why don't satisfy any equation of degree $<n$? – user26857 Nov 3 '14 at 19:50
• @user26857: Another useful observation using just basic Galois theory is : $k(s_1, \ldots, s_... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8081624507904053,
"ta... |
java, reflection, hashcode
I've used a few exaplanatory variable to remove some duplication:
Object value = field.get(currentObj);
String fieldName = field.getName();
if(attriButeNameValueMap.containsKey(fieldName)){
Object otherFieldValue = attriButeNameValueMap.get(fieldName);
if (value instanceof Boolea... | {
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"tags": "java, reflection, hashcode",
"url": null
} |
experimental-chemistry, home-experiment, teaching-lab
Title: In which country is it allowed to practice non-clandestine amateur chemistry? I travel a bit so am flexible where I live, and have taken a recent interest in chemistry to try to gain an understanding of physical reality. I find learning from textbooks to be ... | {
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"tags": "experimental-chemistry, home-experiment, teaching-lab",
"url": null
} |
c++, beginner, opengl, virtual-machine
pc += 2;
break;
case 0x0018: // FX15
sound_timer = V[(opcode & 0x0F00) >> 8];
pc += 2;
break;
case 0x001E: // FX1E
V[15] = 0;
if (I + V[(opcode & 0x0F00) >> 8] < 0x0FFF) {
I +=... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, opengl, virtual-machine",
"url": null
} |
ros, urdf, velocity, urdf-tutorial
Adding joint limits to a URDF is only the specification part. For these limits to be taken into account, you need an implementation that enforces them.
As you have already noticed, not all URDF-parsing implementations take the complete specification into account. The joint_state_publ... | {
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"tags": "ros, urdf, velocity, urdf-tutorial",
"url": null
} |
kinematics, projectile, curvature
How can a parabola have a center from which a radius is to be measured?
Does the radius of curvature change with the position of body (in projectile motion)?
In mechanics and mathematics, what is the radius of curvature and how does one calculate it (in the case of a parabola)? So let... | {
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"tags": "kinematics, projectile, curvature",
"url": null
} |
All CAT(0) cube complexes $$C$$ with $$\ell^1$$-metric embed isometrically into $$\ell^1$$. If the set of vertices is countable, one can choose $$\ell^1$$ of a countable set.
Indeed, say that a subset $$B$$ of the vertex set $$V_C$$ of $$C$$ is (totally) convex if it contains vertices of all geodesic paths between any... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.985496419030704,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8376435423993013,
"lm_q2_score": 0.84997116805678,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 144.56186899194378,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9502976536750793,
"tags":... |
python, beginner, python-3.x
For __slots__ based classes, you could use:
def __str__(self):
return ('your format string here'
).format(**{key: getattr(self, key) for key in self.__slots__})
Of course, if you are always displaying as multiple lines of keyword:{keyword}, and don't care about the order, ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, beginner, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
php, mvc, laravel
if (Auth::attempt(array('email' => Input::get('email'), 'password' => Input::get('password') ))){
return Redirect::to('admin/dashboard')->with('message', 'Thanks for logging in');
}
I would create an explanatory local variable for the array for better readability:
$credentials = array(
'emai... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, mvc, laravel",
"url": null
} |
java, algorithm, bitwise, vectors, bitset
assertEquals(3, bv.rankThird(6));
assertEquals(3, bv.rankThird(7));
assertEquals(4, bv.rankThird(8));
assertEquals(5, bv.rankThird(9));
assertEquals(5, bv.rankThird(10));
assertEquals(6, bv.rankThird(11));
assertEquals(6... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, algorithm, bitwise, vectors, bitset",
"url": null
} |
turing-machines, computation-models, church-turing-thesis
I think you are getting confused about the difference between a definition of computation, vs what the Church-Turing thesis claims/asserts/conjectures to be true about computation. The Church-Turing thesis is not intended as a definition of computation; it's in... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "turing-machines, computation-models, church-turing-thesis",
"url": null
} |
c++, parsing, console, boost
// Remove Bell from displaying. Annoying in Shell!
// When not displaying, we'll push this to console so it beeps!
if(m_sequence == '\x07')
{
continue;
}
// Check for Start of Sequence, if we hit a sequence we then need
// To sen... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, parsing, console, boost",
"url": null
} |
c++, object-oriented, design-patterns
I used boost library to serialize my object and I noticed my executable size increased quite a lot. I would appreciate if any one could give suggestion on how to save my objects without boost dependency, links would be preferable.
I really considered removing the default construct... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented, design-patterns",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, graphene
$$
H=\hbar v_F\tau_z\otimes\boldsymbol{\sigma}\cdot\mathbf{k}
$$
where $\tau_z$ is the Pauli matrix in the valley space. Then you can use the same definition for the helicity operator in both valleys
$$
h=\frac{\boldsymbol{\sigma}\cdot\mathbf{k}}{|\mathbf{k}|}
$$
As far as the interpretation... | {
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"tags": "condensed-matter, graphene",
"url": null
} |
# An ellipse with center $(3,4)$ touches the $x$-axis $(0,0)$; the slope of its major axis is $1$. Find its eccentricity and equation.
An ellipse with the center at $$(3,4)$$ touches the $$x$$-axis at $$(0,0)$$. If the slope of its major axis is $$1$$, find the eccentricity and equation of the ellipse.
What I try:
L... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9825575152637946,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8187893478451728,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 281.60383483883777,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8613215088844299,
"ta... |
forces, torque
However, unless the pulley is stated to have a mass $M$ and to be in a particular shape (eg disk with uniform mass distribution, or spoked wheel with mass concentrated at the rim), then probably the pulley is intended to be massless as well as frictionless. Its only purpose in the problem is to redirect... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "forces, torque",
"url": null
} |
python, algorithm, python-3.x
Title: Jug problem - 3 jugs I have solved the jug problem with 3 jugs:
For jugs size A, B and C find the minimum number of steps to reach D, where D < max (A,B,C)
My Python 3 code is below. I am wondering if there are other ways, faster ways or more efficiency ways to compute the answer... | {
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"tags": "python, algorithm, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
plasma-physics
Let's say you just took ordinary matter and removed the electrons. Let's look at a tennis ball sized thing, with a diameter of $6.7 cm$. The nuclei are now repelling each other. How much? Let's calculate the energy, with the electric analog to the gravitational binding energy.
$$ U = \frac{3GM^2}... | {
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"tags": "plasma-physics",
"url": null
} |
F3 matrix (should match the above)
[[ 1. +0.j 1. +0.j 1. +0.j ]
[ 1. +0.j -0.5+0.866j -0.5-0.866j]
[ 1. +0.j -0.5-0.866j -0.5+0.866j]]
You can see the code here.
• By the way, the typo $e^{2\pi/8}$ that you circled has been corrected in the 5th edition of Strang's Introduction to Linear Algebra. – li... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8485878705978394,
"tag... |
general-relativity, black-holes, spacetime, coordinate-systems, event-horizon
This comment reflects a Newtonian approach and neglects GR where the interpretation is that the collapsed mass causes spacetime curvature (and a "fall" towards the event horizon). Similarly:
event horizons do move, for example, a black hole... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, black-holes, spacetime, coordinate-systems, event-horizon",
... |
java, algorithm, complexity, factors
Overall
You've separated isPrime() out from determining the factors of number, but isPrime() determines whether a number is prime or not by doing trial divisions, and you need to do trial divisions to remove factors from number. One function which does both operations would be mor... | {
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"tags": "java, algorithm, complexity, factors",
"url": null
} |
ros2, roslaunch, node, parallel
name='listener1')
],
output='screen',
)
container2 = ComposableNodeContainer(
name='my_container2',
namespace='',
package='rclcpp_components',
executable='component_container',
composable_node_de... | {
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"id": 38500,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros2, roslaunch, node, parallel",
"url": null
} |
shapes of an object the centroid of plane... Of a right triangle is the term for 3-dimensional shapes the point which to! Body center of an object plane figure is assumed to be concentrated instance, the centroid of triangle!: centroid of a Volume the centroid of an entire beam section area, it first needs be... A rect... | {
"domain": "fighterfitness.sg",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9840936085214388,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8496581615670639,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8633916064586998,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 397.326090736897,
"openwebmath_score": 0.763716995716095,
"t... |
black-holes, entropy, information, holographic-principle, unitarity
We notice that we constructed the full past knowing the colorings of 'light ray cells' in the 'snapshot' that, excluding the uniform sea beyond the horizons, count no more than 25 cells. We identify this count as the entropy (number of trits) as obser... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "black-holes, entropy, information, holographic-principle, unitarity",
"url": nul... |
star, binary-star
So, if the size of our third star exceeds the area given to it at L4/L5, it will experience tidal forces and will start ejecting mass to either of the two other stars, or both.
But as Zolan commented above, astronomy with an infinite universe has a possibility for everything. What are listed above ar... | {
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"tags": "star, binary-star",
"url": null
} |
python, finance, machine-learning
So your code might look more like:
# All your other imports...
from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB
# ...
def run_classifier(classifier_type, classifier_kwargs, X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test, metrics):
# 1- Import the estimator object (model).
# 2- Create an instanc... | {
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"tags": "python, finance, machine-learning",
"url": null
} |
javascript, performance, sqlite
var filterString = getFilterString(insertStatement);
var filterArray = filterString.split(',');
var deferred = q.defer();
var request = _db.instance.transaction(function(tx) {
var n = dataArray.length;
//Step 2 Remove... | {
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"id": 21371,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, performance, sqlite",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, speed-of-light, spacetime, physical-constants
Spacetime is a space with four dimensions. Near each point, the spacetime is almost flat, but as we depart from the point, it becomes curved. On very short (infinitesimal) distances, the spacetime being almost flat, we can write a Pythagoras' theorem. I... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, speed-of-light, spacetime, physical-constants",
"url": null
... |
ros, urdf, moveit, moveit-setup-assistant
Title: Error while launching demo.launch in custom moveit config
I have generated a moveit configuration from a custom URDF using the MoveIt Setup assistant and this tutorial(http://wiki.ros.org/Industrial/Tutorials/Create_a_MoveIt_Pkg_for_an_Industrial_Robot).
I have been ab... | {
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"tags": "ros, urdf, moveit, moveit-setup-assistant",
"url": null
} |
c#, sqlite, helper
}
public void DeleteTable(string TableName)
{
try
{
SetConnection();
SQLiteCommand sqliteCommand = new SQLiteCommand("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + TableName, DataBaseConnnection);
sqliteCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
... | {
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"tags": "c#, sqlite, helper",
"url": null
} |
c++, beginner, c++11
Capitalization is usually preserved for constants or compile time definitions; boundary would do nicely. The members NW, NE, etc. are not marked as members by your own convention should be mNW, etc. at least.
Your Range which you use with the variable name mBoundary, that is basically the extent... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, c++11",
"url": null
} |
kalman-filter, ekf, sensor-fusion, filter
def vec_to_cross_matrix(a):
"""Constructs the skew symmetric cross product matrix of a
Parameters
----------
a : array, shape [3]
Vector
Returns
-------
M : array, shape [3,3]
Cross product matrix of a
"""
# eq. 5
retu... | {
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"tags": "kalman-filter, ekf, sensor-fusion, filter",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, optics
Title: Effect of water on an image
I am stuck on this question:
"consider the image above, P is an opaque disc (lying in a glass beaker) illuminated from bellow by a source S. A converging lens L forms an image of this at Q. Explain qualitatively how the position and size of the image o... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, optics",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-groovy, uvc-camera
Title: uvc_camera not launching in ros groovy
I get this error when
roslaunch uvc_camera camera_node.launch is run in a terminal.
ERROR: cannot launch node of type [uvc_camera/uvc_camera]: can't locate node [uvc_camera] in package [uvc_camera]
ROS groovy.
Originally posted by balakumar-s ... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros-groovy, uvc-camera",
"url": null
} |
neural-networks, transformer, attention
Feedforward layer is like vmapping a function of a single element:
type FeedForward = Residual => Residual
let feedforward: FeedForward
const applyFeedForward = residualStream => residualStream.map(feedforward)
residualStream = applyFeedForward(residualStream)
As you know, this... | {
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c#, functional-programming
this means you could later jus say:
var differences = foo.CompareTo(bar);
or
var comparableProperties = typeof(T).GetComparableProperties();
var differences = foo.CompareTo(bar, comparableProperties);
or even
var differences = foo.CompareTo(bar, GetComparableProperties);
if you designed t... | {
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Thanks ^^' But if you drop in from time to time, you might be able to see pure geniuses here, people far, far, far, better than me. So you see, you can ask about any question
PS : the forum uses a special concept of "thanked" button that allow the original poster to select the answer (or answers) that actually answers... | {
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"tag... |
been introduced to sine and cosine. Sines and cosines are two trig functions that factor heavily into any study of trigonometry; they have their own formulas and rules that you'll want to understand if […]. • #c# is the phase shift, or the horizontal displacement. mathematicsvisionproject. When we look at the behavior ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8128673133042217,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1007.6478496308791,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7095851898193... |
= 0 - -11 (1-x²) dx
= - (x - x³/3) $l_{-1}^{1}$ = -2 + ⅔ = - 4/3
Green’s Theorem Problems
1. Use Green’s Theorem to Prove the Work Determined by the Force Field
F = (x-xy)$\hat{i}$+ y²j
when a particle moves counterclockwise along the rectangle whose vertices are given as (0,0) , (4,0) , (4,6) , and (0,6).
Sol... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9852713848528318,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8167296876330972,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388083214155,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 914.3277068817843,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8579751253128052,
"tags": nu... |
c++, object-oriented, classes
class BookItem : Book{
private:
/* data */
std::string name;
std::string author;
std::string pubDate;
std::string isbn;
std::string status;
std::string type;
bool onlineCopy{false};
/* utility function */
... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented, classes",
"url": null
} |
## Project Euler tips
A few years back I started working on Project Euler problems mainly because it was fun from a mathematical point of view, but also to improve my programming skills. After solving about 120 problems I seem to have hit a wall, because the numbers involved in some of the problems were just too big f... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.815232489352,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7366898059844971,
"tags": null,... |
bash
Robustness
Note that if you re-run the script a 2nd time, some commands will fail, for example these:
mkdir ~/root_install/grunt
ln -s ~/root/config/grunt/package.json ~/root_install/grunt/package.json
ln -s ~/root/config/grunt/Gruntfile.js ~/root_install/grunt/Gruntfile.js
If the directory and the symlinks alr... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "bash",
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acid-base, redox
Huang, J.-H.; Huang, F.; Evans, L.; Glasauer, S. Vanadium: Global
(Bio)Geochemistry. Chemical Geology 2015, 417, 68–89.
DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.09.019
The relevant portion in this article is section 4.1. (Aqueous speciation chemistry of vanadium). The authors use thermodynamic data obtained el... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 17627,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "acid-base, redox",
"url": null
} |
THEOREM: The following are equivalent:
(I) $$A$$ commutes only with matrices $$B = p(A)$$ for some $$p(x) \in k[x]$$
(II) The minimal polynomial and characteristic polynomial of $$A$$ coincide; note that, if we enlarge the field to more than the field containing the matrix entries, neither the characteristic nor the ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9787126519319939,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891305219504,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 229.8812471293575,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9112356901168823,
"tag... |
machine-learning, function, approximation
The techniques here differ drastically from (1.); rather than plopping down basis functions centered at data points, you carefully compute the weight and location of each in order to minimize some distortion criterion. (Typically, their quantity is fixed a priori.) One approa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "machine-learning, function, approximation",
"url": null
} |
filters, filter-design, lowpass-filter, filtering, bandpass
$$s\longmapsto \frac{s^2+\omega_0^2}{s}\tag{1}$$
[Note that $\omega_l$ and $\omega_u$ are denoted as $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ in the OP, but they're used in a different way in the figure below.]
The mapping $(1)$ maps DC ($\omega=0$) to the desired center fr... | {
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"tags": "filters, filter-design, lowpass-filter, filtering, bandpass",
"url": null
} |
fluid-mechanics, compressible-flow
$M = \frac{u}{a}$
Here the only unknown is $a$ (the speed of sound) which can be computed using the following relation:
$a = \sqrt{\gamma R T_\mathrm{s}}$
Doing these calculations by hand is laborious but it's easy to set up a script or sheet to do these calculations. There are three... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fluid-mechanics, compressible-flow",
"url": null
} |
symmetry, reflection, molecules, orbitals
The state has zero total angular momentum, with $m_z=+1-1=0$, so it's in a $\Sigma$ state.
The state is completely rotationally symmetric, because each $\pi_\pm$ state is transforms under a rotation by $\theta$ around the internuclear axis as $U(R(\theta))|\pi_\pm⟩=e^{\pm i\t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "symmetry, reflection, molecules, orbitals",
"url": null
} |
statistical-mechanics, probability, fermions, bosons
Jaynes: Information theory and statistical mechanics II (also here)
Finally, in the probabilistic description one can include other macroscopic reproducible features besides the average number of quanta and amount of total energy. For example other quantities (angu... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "statistical-mechanics, probability, fermions, bosons",
"url": null
} |
javascript, beginner, angular.js, asynchronous, firebase
When you return a promise inside a then (asyncOperation2), the return of then is a promise that resolves when asyncOperation2 resolves. You end up writing code that's fairly linear-looking.
Also, there's also the catch method. Any unhandled rejections in promise... | {
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"tags": "javascript, beginner, angular.js, asynchronous, firebase",
"url": null
} |
windows, batch
echo º 4. Reset Browser º
echo º 5. Ping Test and IP Info º
echo º 6. Flush IP DNS and Reset Winsock (Auto Reboot) º
echo º 7. Internet Properties ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "windows, batch",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-melodic, nav-msgs, publisher
/opt/ros/melodic/include/ros/message_traits.h:254:102: required from ‘const char* ros::message_traits::md5sum(const M&) [with M = std::vector<geometry_msgs::PoseStamped_<std::allocator<void> > >]’
/opt/ros/melodic/include/ros/publisher.h:113:7: required from ‘void ros::Publish... | {
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"id": 36512,
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"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, nav-msgs, publisher",
"url": null
} |
# Is this relation symmetric? I think it is but my professor claims it isn't.
Is the relation $$R = \{(a,b),(a,c),(b,a),(b,c),(c,a),(c,b),(d,d)\}$$ symmetric?
My professor claims that if $$(d,d)$$ was not included, it would be symmetric, but the inclusion of $$(d,d)$$ ruins it because $$d$$ has to connect to another ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9648551546097941,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8575235052381548,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8887587957022977,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 170.1610735450462,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8399157524108887,
"tag... |
hilbert-space, quantum-chromodynamics, representation-theory, lie-algebra, gluons
Title: How are the generators of $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ represented on the gluon space? I was watching some new lectures on QCD from Colorado and I have a few questions about what I heard:
The $\lambda^a_{ij}$ are generators of $\mathrm{SU}(3)... | {
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"tags": "hilbert-space, quantum-chromodynamics, representation-theory, lie-algebra, gluons"... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces, rotational-dynamics
Note that we would get the same result if torques like this had been applied.
The surface of the cart exerts an upward force just strong enough to keep the blocks from penetrating the surface. Notice the upward forces must be unequal to prevent ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces, rotational-dynamics",
"url"... |
$(1) \ \ \ \ \ P[E_1 \cup E_2 \cup \cdots \cup E_n]=\sum \limits_{m=1}^{n} (-1)^{m+1} \thinspace S_m$ where
$S_1=\sum \limits_{r=1}^{n}P[E_r]$,
$S_2=\sum \limits_{j,
$S_m=\sum P[E_{i(1)} \cap E_{i(2)} \cap \cdots \cap E_{i(m)}]$
Note that in the general term $S_m$, the sum is taken over all increasing sequence $i(\... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9871787842245939,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8047802088358503,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324803738429,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1215.870170241478,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9999793767929077,
"tags": ... |
c#
[TestMethod]
public void ForwardXorOperationTest()
{
Assert.AreEqual(LogicValue.Unknown, LogicOperationUtilities.ForwardXorOperation(LogicValue.Unknown, LogicValue.Unknown));
Assert.AreEqual(LogicValue.Unknown, LogicOperationUtilities.ForwardXorOperation(LogicValue.Unknown, LogicValue.False)... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#",
"url": null
} |
photoelectric-effect
However this process is very unlikely as the two photons would have to be absorbed within a very short time. In practice the rate at which photoelectrons are ejected by two (or more) photon absorption is very slow though it can be observed in special cases. For example the paper Double-Quantum Pho... | {
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"id": 42622,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "photoelectric-effect",
"url": null
} |
Let
$$X = \begin{pmatrix}-1 \\ 0\\ 1\end{pmatrix}\;\;\; y = \begin{pmatrix}1\\0\\1\end{pmatrix}$$
and thus
$$\Phi(X) = \begin{pmatrix}-1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0\\ 1 & 1\end{pmatrix}$$
Now we can get $w$ by
\begin{align} w &= (\Phi(X)^T \Phi(X))^{-1} \Phi(X)^T y\\ &= \begin{pmatrix}2 & 0\\ 0 & 2\end{pmatrix}^{-1} \begin{pmatr... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9905874104123902,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189302931312114,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117919359419,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 181.3391327922984,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9862670302391052,
"tag... |
thermodynamics, phase
Is there more to the physics than just "[t]he particles have too much energy for the intermolecular attractions to hold them together as a liquid"?
Per an early comment by Mithoron, the fact that increasing pressure on a supercritical fluid can eventually drive it to a solid phase would seem to i... | {
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"id": 15353,
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"tags": "thermodynamics, phase",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, classical-mechanics, free-body-diagram
But I'm unable to understand the free body diagram here.
The block, has a downward gravity acting on the earth, and a normal force acting on the table.
So $F_{down} = mg$
However, there would be the normal force acting from the table, on the block
$F_... | {
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"id": 81825,
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, classical-mechanics, free-body-diagram",
"url": nul... |
python, sampling, frequency-response, homework, interpolation
Zero pad the fft to approximate a continuous frequency response (the DTFT).
The fft function will zero pad just by adding the optional total number of samples parameter. In the OP’s case this can be done with N samples (Where N is much larger than the lengt... | {
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"id": 11187,
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"tags": "python, sampling, frequency-response, homework, interpolation",
"url": null
} |
seismic, frequency-response
plt = ggplot() +
geom_line(data = grid, aes(x = x, y = y, group = label, color = color),
size=0.25) +
geom_line(data = acc_1, aes(x = x, y = y), color = 1, size=0.5) +
geom_line(data = disp_1, aes(x = x, y = y), color = 1, size=0.5) +
xlab("Frequenc... | {
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"id": 2323,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "seismic, frequency-response",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, sql, mysql, playing-cards
def deal_hand(shoe, player, dealer):
for _ in range(2):
deal_card(shoe, player, 1)
deal_card(shoe, dealer, 1)
def score(person):
non_aces = [c for c in person if c != 'A']
aces = [c for c in person if c == 'A']
total = 0
for card in non... | {
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"id": 33989,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, sql, mysql, playing-cards",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, gas, amorphous-solids
When the temperature decreases, correlations increase, and spatial order over more than the scale of the first neighbors is visible,
As an illustration, using a reliable semiquantitative theory (hyper-netted chain approximation), I have evaluated the radial ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"tags": "condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, gas, amorphous-solids",
"url": null
} |
c++, performance, algorithm, matrix, boost
return false;
}
void Matrix::changePivotTo_one(std::size_t row_num, Fraction constant)
{
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < width; ++i)
if (at(row_num, i) == 0)
at(row_num, i) = at(row_num, i);
else
at(row_num, i) = at(row_num, i) / con... | {
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"id": 37299,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, performance, algorithm, matrix, boost",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, forces, energy, history
We can thank Émilie du Châtelet for the modern..understanding of kinetic energy – user121330
There is no energy formula ..in the discovery of
conservation of energy are Joule and... – Ben Crowell | {
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"id": 15835,
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, forces, energy, history",
"url": null
... |
javascript, beginner
The input looks like this:
children = [
{
group: "prek",
firstName: "Bobby",
lastName: "Fisher",
guardian: {firstName: "Mommy", lastName: "Fisher"},
checkIn: "9:14am",
phone: "ewqrqr3452",
},
{
group: "grade1",
firstName:... | {
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"id": 37485,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, beginner",
"url": null
} |
planets
Note 1: When you do this math with a calculator, verify you get the correct results for the moon from Earth before you go on to something else. You may encounter issues where the results of your arctan() function will be given in radians, not degrees. If the math gives you a weird result, multiply by $180/\... | {
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"id": 3178,
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"lm_name": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "planets",
"url": null
} |
\eqalignno{ {\left [B\right ]}_{1,{d}_{1}}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{3,{d}_{3}}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{1,{d}_{3}}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{3,{d}_{1}}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{{d}_{1},1}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{{d}_{3},3}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{{d}_{1},3}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{{d}_{3},1}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{1,{f}_{1}}&&{\left [B\right ]}_{... | {
"domain": "ups.edu",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9820137942490254,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8266843921082145,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256412990657,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 656.1434657925603,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8862626552581787,
"tags": nu... |
classical-mechanics, hamiltonian-formalism
This follows almost immediately from the nondegeneracy of the symplectic form $\omega$, along with some basic linear algebra. The fact that $\omega$ is nondegenerate means that there is no nonzero vector field $Y$ such that $\iota_Y \omega = 0.$
We may treat $\omega$ as a map... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics, hamiltonian-formalism",
"url": null
} |
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