text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
complexity-theory, reductions, np-hard
$$
\begin{align*}
& \min \sum_{i=1}^n x_i - \sum_{i=1}^n x_i^2 \\
\text{s.t.} & \\
& 0 \leq x_i \leq 1 & 1 \leq i \leq n \\
& x_{i_1} + \cdots + x_{i_j} + (1 - x_{k_1}) + \cdots + (1 - x_{k_\ell}) \geq 1 & \forall \text{ cl. } x_{i_1} \lor \cdots \lor x_{i_j} \lor \bar{x}_{k_1} \... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, reductions, np-hard",
"url": null
} |
Using the shell method, I found the height of a shell to be: $\displaystyle h=f(x)= \sin^4x \cos^2x$ and a radius about the y axis to be $\displaystyle r=x$.
Then the volume of the first cycle of the periodic function is:
$\displaystyle V= \int_{\pi}^{3 \pi/2} 2 \pi r \cdot h \, dx$
$\displaystyle V= \int_{\pi}^{3 \p... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7198362946510315,
"tag... |
algorithms, efficiency, coin-change
P.S. I know Python isn't a very quick language, but that's not the point of this exercise. This exercise is about making the whole algorithm better, not just a specific implementation in a certain language. The way I understand this, it seems to be the classic coin change problem wi... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, efficiency, coin-change",
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molecular-biology, bioinformatics
The capitalization of gene/protein names is a bit more in the grey area. Usually one will use capitalized gene and protein symbols for human and primates (e.g. SHH and SHH) and use non-capitalized symbols for mice and rat genes (e.g. Shh but still SHH for the protein). This is depende... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
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"tags": "molecular-biology, bioinformatics",
"url": null
} |
NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681013541613,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 444.51992264379317,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8063680529594421,
"ta... |
game, lua
and in a similar fashion:
function Game.new()
local self = setmetatable({}, Game)
local c, a = (function()
local _turn = 0
return function( self )
return _turn
end, function( self )
_turn = _turn + 1
end
end)()
self.getTurnNumber, self.a... | {
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"tags": "game, lua",
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vb.net, dynamic-programming, memoization
You did a good job separating the algorithm from input/output. You could take it further by wrapping input handling in its own function outside of Main.
If this weren't for a "competition" style of programming, I would recommend a parameter for the input file name so that the ... | {
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@Inquest Does the added info in my edit/comment help to clear things up? – amWhy Nov 7 '12 at 14:47
One additional note in case any statement about $j$ appears in "blah happens": if, e.g., "blah happens" = "$j$ explodes" = $E_j$, you need to extend the scope of the quantifier to include that conclusion by enclosing th... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256512199033,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8490800261497498,
"ta... |
electromagnetic-radiation, condensed-matter, photons, electrons, solid-state-physics
Long story short: In semiconductor physis, a hole isn't just the absence of an electron, but a certain state of a quantum mechanical many-body system, which doesn't behave like the absence of an electron at all. | {
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"tags": "electromagnetic-radiation, condensed-matter, photons, electrons, solid-state-physi... |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, time-evolution
$$
where, here, U is the evolution operator you were not quite asked to find, and is a messy path-ordered exponential — distinctly not what you misuse in (2.1) & (2.2).
You should have, instead,
$$
X(t) =U^\dagger X U , \qquad P(t) =U^\dagger P U, \qquad \qq... | {
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electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law
Electric flux is like the river current. We want to measure how much total electric field is "flowing" through the surface. So, if the surface becomes bigger, we get more flux. We can even extend the metaphor. If you rotate the hoop so that it faces at an angle from straight ... | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law",
"url": null
} |
ros
And finally, put this into your launch file:
<rosparam file="$(find your_package)/config/conf_file.yaml" command="load" />
<param name="pr2_controller_manager/joint_state_publish_rate" value="100.0" />
<!-- Spawn some controllers stopped/started -->
<node pkg="pr2_controller_manager" type="spawner" args="kin... | {
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"tags": "ros",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, acid-base, redox, aqueous-solution, transition-metals
Title: Why does green ferrous sulfate solution change color to yellow upon addition of hydrochloric acid? I was demonstrating the formation of $\ce{Fe(OH)2}$ precipitate at school when the light green $\ce{FeSO4}$ I was using reacted with dil. ... | {
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"... |
c++, c++20
template<CharLike Chr> [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool is_print(const Chr c) noexcept { return details::check(c, details::ISPRINT); }
// Other predicates
template<CharLike Chr> [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool is_endline(const Chr c) noexcept { return c==static_cast<Chr>('\n'); }
template<CharLike Chr> [[nodiscard... | {
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graph for the county. In this category, Dijkstra’s algorithm is the most well known. You are expected to do it in Time Complexity of O(A + M). shortest path functions use it as the cost of the path; community finding methods use it as the strength of the relationship between two vertices, etc. Shortest path algorithms ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8633916222765627,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 383.31142122654893,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5556688904762268,
"tags"... |
quantum-field-theory, differential-geometry, topology, yang-mills, solitons
$$k = \frac{1}{24\pi^2}\int_{S^3_\infty}\mathrm{d}S^3_\mu \, \, \mathrm{Tr} \,(\partial_\nu g)g^{-1}(\partial_\rho g)g^{-1} (\partial_\sigma g)g^{-1}\epsilon^{\mu \nu \rho \sigma}$$
As I understand them, Chern classes are characteristic classe... | {
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"u... |
plasma-physics, non-linear-optics, laser-interaction
[1] https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.13.000216
[2] https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.022320
[3] https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/2/025018 | {
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"url": null
} |
complexity-theory, graphs, reductions, np-hard
I should mention that Uri Feige proved in 1998 the following strong result regarding Maximum coverage. There is a polytime reduction $f$ taking a 3CNF $\varphi$ to an instance $(S,r,t)$ of Maximum coverage such that:
If $\varphi$ is satisfiable then there are $r$ sets fr... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, graphs, reductions, np-hard",
"url": null
} |
regression, visualization, seaborn
Title: What is the difference between regplot and lmplot in seaborn? Seaborn library in python suggests to use either lmplot or regplot to visualise a regression between two variables. What is the difference between the two plots ? The result I was able to get are slightly different ... | {
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##### T80
Suppose that $\ltdefn{T}{U}{V}$ and $\ltdefn{S}{V}{W}$ are linear transformations, and that $B\text{,}$ $C$ and $D$ are bases for $U\text{,}$ $V\text{,}$ and $W\text{.}$ Using only Definition MR define matrix representations for $T$ and $S\text{.}$ Using these two definitions, and Definition MR, derive a mat... | {
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... |
type-theory, type-systems, set-theory
Typically this is the view taken in dependent type theory, and I believe the view Andrej is promoting in his answer.
View 2: Types are behaviors
In this view, programs exist a priori without having an associated type, and the judgement $\vdash t : \sigma$ is taken to mean "program... | {
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c, security, linux, wrapper, child-process
ln -s /bin/true 'ls -l ~root; id; cd; echo rm -rf; true .sh'
/some/path/run-as ls*.sh
We can avoid using system() (and accept extra arguments if we choose), by using execv() instead:
if (match && !strcasecmp(match, ".sh"))
{
execv(arg... | {
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"url": null
} |
image-processing, fft, discrete-signals, fourier-transform, python
Unsurprisingly, if the input is not the left half of a Hermitian symmetric matrix, the same statement cannot be made, since the matrix cannot be completed into a Hermitian symmetric one:
# randomly generate the left side of an imaginary matrix
h = 1.j ... | {
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"tags": "image-processing, fft, discrete-signals, fourier-transform, python",
"url": null
} |
energy, nuclear-physics, estimation, fusion, explosions
$\displaystyle 10\,{\rm W \cdot m^{-1} \cdot K^{-1}} \cdot \frac{10^6\,{\rm m^2}}{100\,{\rm m^{-1}}}500\,{\rm K} = 50\,{\rm MW}$,
less than 1% of the thermal power.
The technical limiting factors were the relatively low temperature achievable inside a rock salt c... | {
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Similarly, for any three colors, there’s $$3^6 = 729$$ ways to get gumballs with just those colors. There’s $$4$$ possible triplets, giving $$2916$$ ways to get at most three colors. Subtracting off the two-color cases, we get $$2728$$ ways to get exactly three colors.
All other cases have four colors: $$4^6 - 2728 - ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9837404489517212,
"tags"... |
Your solution suggests that the inner triangle is isosceles -- this is not true in the general case.
The problem makes no requirement about the shape of the triangle . It only states that AE = CE, DB = 2*AD and CF = 3*BF. Provided these conditions are met, the area relationship between both triangles is preserved, no ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9664104972521579,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8252302445971783,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8539127492339909,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 599.9081437511267,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7620023488998413,
"tags... |
algorithms, algorithm-analysis
Here is some sample data:
Game 1: RS 3, RA 4 (L)
Game 2: RS 9, RA 1 (W)
Game 3: RS 6, RA 7 (L)
Game 4: RS 2, RA 1 (W)
Game 5: RS 0, RA 2 (L)
Game 6: RS 8, RA 10 (L)
Game 7: RS 3, RA 8 (L)
Wins: 2. Losses: 5.
One way to use the available RS values to maximize wins is:
Game 1 <- Game 3.... | {
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Rates) You have two springs stacked one on top of the other. A force of magnitude f and parallel to the surface is applied to the left block at the instant t 1 and is removed at t 2. Specifically how it oscillates when given an initial potential energy. Hooke’s Law for springs states that the force ( Û to extend a spri... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.986777179803135,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8157803347695534,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117962054048,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 576.3393247798474,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5349347591400146,
"tags... |
c#, rest, client
public ApiRestClient()
: this(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["webapibaseurl"])
{ }
public ApiRestClient(string url)
{
_client = new RestClient(url);
}
It is not obvious from its name what the method public TokenDto Get(Guid id) will get. It seems from the resource that this would be a cart... | {
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object-oriented, vba, excel, comparative-review, rubberduck
Previous.LastRow = .Cells.Find(What:="*", after:=.Range("A1"), Lookat:=xlPart, LookIn:=xlFormulas, SearchOrder:=xlByRows, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, MatchCase:=False).Row
Previous.LastColumn = .Cells.Find(What:="*", after:=.Range("A1"), Lookat:=xlPa... | {
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c++, graph, generics
Similar changes can be made to your Graph constructor and print_adj_list.
You can also pass the pair to add_edge by const reference, although with the small types you're using that won't really gain much.
add_edge assumes that all your edges are bidirectional. Some adjacency lists have edges that... | {
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"tags": "c++, graph, generics",
"url": null
} |
time, electrons, conservation-laws, standard-model, neutrinos
Title: Why do electrons, according to my textbook, exist forever? Does that mean that electrons are infinitely stable? The neutrinos of the three leptons are also listed as having a mean lifespan of infinity. Imagine you are an electron. You have decided yo... | {
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c#, multithreading, thread-safety
var instanceName = "MyInstance";
var beforeCachingData = (new CacheHelper()).GeKeysFromCache(instanceName);
threadList.Add(new Thread(() =>
{
//lock (_entriesLock)
//{
var instanceFields1 = (new CacheHelper()).GeKeysFromCach... | {
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"tags": "c#, multithreading, thread-safety",
"url": null
} |
c#, rubberduck
Title: Inspector Rubberduck and the abstract inspections The Rubberduck code inspections have just seen yet another structural change, hopefully for the better.
The IInspectionModel interface was originally named IInspection; it only exposes the bare-bones inspection properties, those needed by the Code... | {
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zoology, microbiology, bacteriology, decay, decomposition
But from what I know, electricity will follow a certain shortest path inside the body to close the circuit. The rest shouldnt be electrified and bacteria will be alive.
Bacteria are indeed not resistant to high levels of electricity and would die of it. The cur... | {
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zoology, botany, food, nutrition
Source:
https://www.wildflower.org/expert/show.php?id=2108
Lantana urticoides
http://www.wellgrowhorti.com/Pictures/Landscape%20Plants/Shrubs/Web%20Pictures1/M/Malvaviscus%20Arboreus.jpg
Malvaviscus Arboreus
http://www.floridata.com/wallpaper/jpg/Rhus_copallinum_frt800.jpg
Rhus copall... | {
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"tags": "zoology, botany, food, nutrition",
"url": null
} |
arm-navigation, ros-electric
btVector3 scale(1.0,1.0,1.0);
//filename is either an absolute path or a package:// address
shapes::Mesh* mesh = shapes::createMeshFromFilename(filename, &scale);
arm_navigation_msgs::Shape object;
if(!planning_environment::constructObjectMsg(mesh, object)) {
ROS_WARN_STREAM("Object con... | {
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"tags": "arm-navigation, ros-electric",
"url": null
} |
python, interview-questions, comparative-review
Document your code. Docstrings are missing all around your code. You should describe what each part of your API is doing or no-one will make the effort to figure it out and use it.
Don't use %, sprintf-like formatting. These are things of the past and have been superseed... | {
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"tags": "python, interview-questions, comparative-review",
"url": null
} |
`type sudokuEngine` | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9845754483707558,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 605.3819028007081,
"openwebmath_score": 0.831002950668335,
"tags": n... |
ros, ros2, ros-melodic
Title: ROS for industry is a good choice or not?
I made exactly same question on ROS Course on Udemy with Edouard, but I wanted to hear from you about this... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "ros, ros2, ros-melodic",
"url": null
} |
physical-chemistry
Title: Interference between 2 electrons If 2 electrons undergo destructive interference (as they show wave nature) will they disappear or will they have no wave nature left? The mathematics of quantum mechanics predicts an unevenness of the observation, similar to wave equations in that there are p... | {
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"tags": "physical-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
magnetostatics
$$\frac {F_m} {L} = 2 k_A \frac {I_1 I_2 } {r}$$
In SI units, $k_A=\mu_0/(4\pi)$. The factor of two may be viewed as $4\pi / (2\pi)$ because the most natural description of charges and fields assumes that the flux is divided over $4\pi r^2$ of the spherical area; however, the wires have a cylinder aroun... | {
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"tags": "magnetostatics",
"url": null
} |
c#, xml
return false;
}
private XElement CreateAuthorXmlNode(Author author)
{
var xmlAuthor = new XElement("Author");
xmlAuthor.Add(new XElement("AuthorId") { Value = author.AuthorId.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) });
xmlAuthor.Add(new XElement("Fir... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, xml",
"url": null
} |
python, pathfinding, a-star
self.path = reversed(nodes)
self.length = length
def isFinished(self,activeNode):
"""
Expandable function.
Checks if node is a finished node
Args:
activeNode: node
"""
return False
Node:
class Node:
... | {
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"url": null
} |
quantum-chemistry
However, since that line of argument doesn't seem to fully convince you, you may want to go through the "exercise" of proving it. Unless I'm terribly wrong, this should be a completely foolproof (albeit terribly tedious) method. You can construct the full wavefunction for the Li atom as a Slater dete... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
(A) 10
(B) 45
(C) 50
(D) 55
(E) 65
all three = neither =5 = 10/3 % of 150
working formula :-
Total = AC + sunporch + swimming pool - Exactly two - 2*all three + neither
100 = 60 + 50 + 30- Exactly two - 2*10/3 + 10/3
100 =140 - Exactly two - 10/3
Exactly two = 40 - 10/3 = (120-10)/3 = 110/3 %
110/3 % of 150 = 110*15... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6514236927032471,
"tags": n... |
time-series, keras, rnn
90 days of daily observations seem too few, which won't lead to much confidence no matter what model you use.
1.1 If you treat each user as one sequential observation, yes your dataset is sufficient for models like RNN. But ask yourself the question, are there users out there who are unique a... | {
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"tags": "time-series, keras, rnn",
"url": null
} |
python, json, gui, tkinter, ftp
class ReadoutValue(object):
"""Display a measurement in units."""
def __init__(self, parent, value, fontsize=60, units='dB'):
"""Initialize the ReadoutValue object.
Parameters
----------
parent (Tkinter widget) : the parent widget
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, json, gui, tkinter, ftp",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-melodic, transform, tf2
Originally posted by alexe on ROS Answers with karma: 60 on 2020-03-27
Post score: 0
To get template instantiations you also need to make sure to #include the right headers.
For transforming PointCloud2 datatypes you need #include "tf2_sensor_msgs/tf2_sensor_msgs.h" in your source cod... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, transform, tf2",
"url": null
} |
c#, multithreading, cache
/// <summary>
/// Lock for reloading value.
/// </summary>
private readonly object locker_Reloading = new object();
/// <summary>
/// Flag: last reload failed.
/// </summary>
private bool lastReloadFailed = false;
/// <summary>
/// Will load value from <c>L... | {
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"tags": "c#, multithreading, cache",
"url": null
} |
I'm not sure I understand why I need to undo the first rotations. If I'm looking for the rotation matrix which represents a series of rotations shouldn't I just multiply the individual matrices?
vela
Staff Emeritus
Homework Helper
Think about this. The point (1,1,1) lies on the axis of rotation, so it should map to it... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 807.1589088161771,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7241307497024536,
"tags... |
complexity-theory, decision-problem, np, search-problem
Title: Does NP-completeness require to find the solution? In the paper "Computing Equilibria:A Computational Complexity Perspective" by Tim Roughgarden, they consider the problem:
Problem 2.1 (Clique). Given a graph $G = (V, E)$ and an integer $k$:
if there is ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity-theory, decision-problem, np, search-problem",
"url": null
} |
javascript
function rateLimit ( func, interval ) {
var nextInvokeTimestamp = 0;
return function(){
var now = Date.now();
if ( now < nextInvokeTimestamp ) {
return console.log('too early!');
}
nextInvokeTimestamp = now + interval;
console.log('go ahead!');
return func.apply( this, ar... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 19627,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript",
"url": null
} |
Let's have a look at an example using some of these operators −
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a = 3, b = 2;
a += b;
cout << a << endl;
a -= b;
cout << a << endl;
a *= b;
cout << a << endl;
a /= b;
cout << a << endl;
return 0;
}
This will give the output −
5
3
6
3
Note that Compound a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.22909702360630035,
"... |
First, the negation of the conclusion isn’t that $G$ is not connected by a unique simple path: it’s that there are two vertices, $u$ and $v$, of $G$ that are not connected by a unique simple path. We’re assuming that $G$ is connected, so $u$ and $v$ are connected by at least one simple path; if this path isn’t unique, ... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9744347838494567,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8098946921121407,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430436757312,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 94.10633447224073,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7408234477043152,
"tag... |
ros, nav2d
Originally posted by RosUser on ROS Answers with karma: 81 on 2016-02-01
Post score: 0
Looks like you have both the binary version (in /opt/ros/indigo/...) and the source version (in /home/hjt/catkin_ws/src/...) installed. So make sure you build using catkin so the source version can correctly override the... | {
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"tags": "ros, nav2d",
"url": null
} |
signal-analysis
A common example are the $\sin(mt)$ and $\cos(mt)$ basis functions used in Fourier analysis. In most physical systems they represent oscillation modes and if you can decompose a signal into these modes, you can understand it in terms of oscillation modes. That's pretty much what spectrograms do.
In cas... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "signal-analysis",
"url": null
} |
formal-languages, context-free, formal-grammars
Title: CFG to generate $L = \{a^{2n}b^n\} \bigcup \{a^mb^{2m}\}$ I've been struggling to find the grammar to generate the language
$$L = \{a^{2n}b^n : n \text{ is natural}\} \cup \{a^mb^{2m} : m \text{ is natural}\}.$$
I've considered
$$S \to aS|Sb|ab,$$
which works in ... | {
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"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "formal-languages, context-free, formal-grammars",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism
The preparation of pyrazole derivatives with the participation of a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between diazomethane (or diazonium salt in some cases) and a molecule with carbon-carbon double or triple bonds with subsequent oxidation (if they are double bonds) of the Pyrazoline is g... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "organic-chemistry, reaction-mechanism",
"url": null
} |
fft, fourier-transform
Hence, if N is power of two, the calculation by FFT is just a bit faster, compared to when N would be a large prime number.
Regarding sampling frequency: If $F_s$ is your sampling frequency and $T$ is the duration of the FFT window, then $N=TF_s$. It's hard to answer more detailed what you mean... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fft, fourier-transform",
"url": null
} |
astronomy, galaxies, observable-universe
Title: How would the night sky appear at the edge of the galaxy? In Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series, there is a planet named Terminus which is believed to be the planet farthest from the galactic center.
There are almost no visible stars in its sky, only the huge lens of the... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "astronomy, galaxies, observable-universe",
"url": null
} |
php
$vCommsMatrices = new VCommsMatrices($data['comms_matrix_id']);
$cmd = new CommsMatrixData();
$countCMD = $cmd->fetchAllArray(['COUNT(*) COUNT'],
[
'comms_matrix_id'=>$data['comms_matrix_id']... | {
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"id": 36453,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php",
"url": null
} |
programming-challenge, functional-programming, f#
LDRURRUUUULDRDDDLLULDRUDDRLLDLDRDLRUDDDLDDULULULLRULDUDRRDLRUURURDRURURDLLRUURDUUDRLDURDRDLRRURURDUUUURUURRLLLDRDUURRRRURULUUUDLUDDRUURRLDULRDULRRRRUDURRLURULRURRDRDLLDRRDUDRDURLDDRURULDRURUDDURDLLLUURRLDRULLURDRDRLDRRURRLRRRDDDDLUDLUDLLDURDURRDUDDLUDLRULRRRDRDDLUDRDUR... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "programming-challenge, functional-programming, f#",
"url": null
} |
c++, recursion, combinatorics, math-expression-eval
Title: Boolean evaluation Given a boolean expression consisting of the symbols 0 (false), 1 (true), & (AND), | (OR), and ^ (XOR), and a desired boolean result value result, implement a function to count the number of ways of parenthesising the expression such that it... | {
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"tags": "c++, recursion, combinatorics, math-expression-eval",
"url": null
} |
2 , with − + and A {\displaystyle n} … {\displaystyle A} n . . M ϵ The matrix y λ M as generalized eigenvectors of rank 2 and 1, respectively, where, The simple eigenvalue 22 ) can be dealt with using standard techniques and has an ordinary eigenvector, A canonical basis for {\displaystyle M} , where ∎. n {\displaystyl... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9905874106902669,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8167016091346039,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619306896956,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9812595248222351,
"... |
The claim that the triangle inequality holds now becomes: $$L= \frac{a+b+x+y}{s-c} + \frac{b+c+y+z}{s-a} \geq \frac{c+a+z+x}{s-b} = R$$ This is now "merely" an inquality about positive reals (it is homogenous and we may as well drop the assumption $s \leq 1$), so this should be solvable with a little work.
First, note... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245953120234,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 267.7821130455785,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9490991830825806,
"tags... |
python, beginner, selenium
#Press OK after choosing times
time.sleep(2)
navigate = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#newResTimeDiv > tbody > tr > td.third > input')
navigate.click()
#Details of booking
time.sleep(3)
navigate = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#leftreswrap > div > ta... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, beginner, selenium",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, hydrogen
However, the wave function doesn't solve the Schrödinger's equation exactly because the Laplacian term in the equation produces a new term proportional to the delta-function (that's why the identity, justified by Stokes' theorem, is mentioned) which isn't canceled, a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, hydrogen",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, graphs, optimization
Title: Assign m agents to N points by minimizing the total distance Suppose we have $N$ fixed points (set $S$ with $|S|=N$) on the plane and $m$ agents with fixed, known initial positions ($m<N$) outside $S$. We should transfer the agents so that in our final configuration they are all... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, graphs, optimization",
"url": null
} |
quantum-algorithms, measurement, hhl-algorithm
My question is this:
Can a diagonal matrix $M$ with only one non-zero element (e.g. $1$) be implemented as a measurable observable?
One example of such a matrix would be
$$M=\begin{pmatrix}1 & 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots &\vdots \\ 0 &... | {
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"tags": "quantum-algorithms, measurement, hhl-algorithm",
"url": null
} |
ros, timestamp
The --clock option configures the ros::Time interface to use simulated time.
Since you are not using rosbag, you may need to reimplement its simulated time logic. Or, perhaps you can convert your data file to ROS messages and save them using rosbag.
Originally posted by joq with karma: 25443 on 2012-01... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, timestamp",
"url": null
} |
forces, diffusion
$^*$ I say somewhat because other degrees of freedom not related to the kinetic energy can contribute to the temperature of a system, but for a system of non-interacting, single particles (like an ideal gas) then it is fine. | {
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$\dfrac{dy}{dx} = \dfrac{5cos(5x)}{\sin(5x)}$
Use your trig identities to simplify into the desired format
#### DeusAbscondus
##### Active member
Supplementary question: Re: derivative of ln(sin5x)
Super! simply super, thx for such a full demonstration: really appreciated.
C'n Black: i'm coming to enjoy your laconi... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8539127510928476,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1631.350638691949,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9007788300514221,
... |
computer-architecture
Title: Is there code below microcode? Which is the lowest level of code (human written instruction for computers) in computer architecture? After doing minor research, I have come to the conclusion that, as far as determining a hierarchy in terms of the level of computer code, the following is th... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "computer-architecture",
"url": null
} |
acid-base, reference-request, molecular-structure, organosulfur-compounds
Title: What is the structure of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in the gas phase? During an interesting discussion in our group’s seminar, the question arose what actually causes trifluoroacetic acid to be a much better nucleophile than trifluorom... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 6373,
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"tags": "acid-base, reference-request, molecular-structure, organosulfur-compounds",
"ur... |
terminology, turing-machines
(2) Yes, the machine which accepts the empty language always rejects. Notice that it is perfectly acceptable to define automata with accepting states which are never reached (depending upon your definition, of course). In particular, we could take any arbitrary TM and change it to accept t... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "terminology, turing-machines",
"url": null
} |
everyday-chemistry
Title: Questions about molar ratio I am new to chemistry so this might be about a very easy concept that I might be misunderstanding but I would appreciate your help!
I watched a video of combining hydrogen and oxygen and forming water. In the video I watched made sure they had a ratio of 2:1 (2 Hyd... | {
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"tags": "everyday-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
species-identification, arachnology
Google image search: no results using the first image you see in this post
Google text search: different sentences like "long-legged transparent forest spider" only returned the usual daddy long legs you can find at home in urban areas.
Finally I tried https://spiderid.com/spiders/ ... | {
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"tags": "species-identification, arachnology",
"url": null
} |
Marks: 2
Given any two roots b>a of p(x), f is continuous and differentiable on [a,b]. Using Rolle's theorem, there exists exactly one root, 'k', such that f'(k)=0 and a<c<b. Due to p'(x) having 2 roots, p(x) therefore has at most 3 roots. The roots of p'(x) are 3 and 5 which means p(x) must have a root within the int... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9755769049752757,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.9149009584734676,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 4157.842828911409,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4697786271572113,
"tags": nul... |
c#
Title: Populate ItemList In my app, I have an ObservableCollection of MenuItems:
public ObservableCollection<MenuItem> ItemList { get; set; }
When an item in it is selected (either programatically or by the user), this method is run:
public void SelectionChangedWS()
{
if (!NavButtonUsed) { Back.Insert(0, Curre... | {
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"tags": "c#",
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} |
physical-chemistry, kinetics
Relevant distribution for collision energy
The comments were very insightful. Ivan Neretin addressed the relevant degrees of freedom:
When the particles are about to react, in fact you are only interested in the distribution of one component of the velocity vector (say, vx). This distribu... | {
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} |
For the latter collection $$n$$ is always the largest. For the former collection we only know that the average of the largest is $$H(n-1,r)$$ – after all we are selecting $$r$$ numbers from $$\{1,2,\ldots, n-1\}$$. This gives us a recurrence formula: \begin{aligned}H(r,r)&=r,\\ H(n,r)&=\frac{\binom{n-1}r H(n-1,r)+\bino... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844384,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8971453905105591,
"tags... |
c#, interview-questions, console
Below is the code that describes the various methods that are being called from the initial screen:
public class ConsoleAddressBook
{
class Contact
{
string Name { get; set; }
int PhoneNumber { get; set; }
}
static Dictionar... | {
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"tags": "c#, interview-questions, console",
"url": null
} |
c#, beginner
using System;
using System.IO;
namespace FileCreator2
{
public class MainClass
{
public static void Main (string[] args)
{
int counter = 1;
string useridtext = "NO VALUE";
string passtext = "NO VALUE";
string mainpath = "NO VALUE";
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, beginner",
"url": null
} |
c++
void add(std::unique_ptr<T> item)
// C++03 does not have std::unique_ptr you will need to use std::auto_ptr
// void add(std::auto_ptr<T> item)
// Basically it is the same thing but the unique_ptr requires an explicit move. | {
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"tags": "c++",
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} |
electrostatics, electric-fields, potential, capacitance
Title: Spherical Conducting Shells, Potential When we have a spherical conducting shell and charge on outer surface of the shell then the potential inside remains constant i.e, kQ/R (R=radius). But say the inner surface of the shell is charged rather than outer t... | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, electric-fields, potential, capacitance",
"url": null
} |
ros, localization, navigation, path, gmapping
Originally posted by letmoon on ROS Answers with karma: 31 on 2012-01-29
Post score: 2
Hi,
GMapping is actually only responsible for map generation, so if you already have generated a map, that should not have anything to do with your problem.
For localization i guess you... | {
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"tags": "ros, localization, navigation, path, gmapping",
"url": null
} |
Eigen vector matrix (B), which is also a 4 by 4 matrix,as well. That’s like taking the weighted average of tests in a class – with weights assigned to each eigenstate based on the superposition (as in the weights b, c, d, … in the above superposition for ψ). 'Knowing how important tight end is to the offensive system, ... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9838471661250914,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8089084439395994,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891283434877,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1149.1269167841435,
"openwebmath_score": 0.49707865715026855,
"tags":... |
python, django
Title: Three-table queryset (full outer join?) in Django I've got three tables I need query to display to a user for a web application I've written. Each table (Url, Note, Quote) has a foreign key relation to the User table. For every User, I need to sort all Bookmarks, Notes and Quotes based on a _date... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 137,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, django",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, gravity, experimental-physics, photons, mass-energy
Title: Is there experimental evidence that massless particles such as photons attract massive objects? For instance evidence that a highly energetic laser beam attracts objects nearby?
In the framework of Einstein's general relativity all energy c... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, gravity, experimental-physics, photons, mass-energy",
"url":... |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization, feynman-diagrams, dimensional-analysis
If the amputated Feynman diagram $D$ is 1-particle-irreducible (1PI), there is an even simpler argument: Just functionally differentiate the dimensionless effective action $\Gamma[\phi_{\rm cl}]$ (which is the generator of amputated 1PI diag... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, renormalization, feynman-diagrams, dimensional-analysis",
... |
# Homework Help: Maximum area between two curves within a given interval
1. Oct 27, 2012
### SithsNGiggles
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
Consider the area bounded between the curves $y=3-x^2$ and $y=-2x$. Suppose two vertical lines, one unit apart, intersect the given area. Where shoul... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8125587701797485,
"tags":... |
distributed-systems, partial-order, clocks, ordering
To break ties, we use any arbitrary total ordering $\prec$ of the processes.
To elaborate, ties are indeed possible and already anticipated by Lamport in the paper that introduced the concept. A somewhat minimal example would be one of two concurrent processes that... | {
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"tags": "distributed-systems, partial-order, clocks, ordering",
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object-oriented, c, game
int SpriteDrawer_init(SpriteDrawer *self, int spriteSize)
{
self->spriteSize = spriteSize;
return 0;
}
void SpriteDrawer_Sprites(SpriteDrawer *self, VersusEngineManager *versusEngineManager) {
int spriteSize = self->spriteSize;
for(int playerId=0;playerId<NUM_PLAYERS;playerId+... | {
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"tags": "object-oriented, c, game",
"url": null
} |
c#, language-design, lexical-analysis
Except that entire method can use a less expensive if rather than a try-catch block.
private char? NextChar() => (charIdx >= 0 && !IsEnd)
? sourceRaw[charIdx++]
: null;
Why both to catch an exception if all you is ignore it? ... | {
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"tags": "c#, language-design, lexical-analysis",
"url": null
} |
photons, momentum
The momentum of light is given by
$$p = \frac{E}{c}$$
So the kick you get from this laser is $\frac{2\cdot 10^6}{3\cdot 10^8} = 0.007 N\cdot s$. If you reflect the light, you get a double kick (reverse the momentum) - leaving you still 25x short. You would need to build a more powerful laser with an ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "photons, momentum",
"url": null
} |
waves, energy-conservation, interference
Title: Why do peaks and troughs of a wave cancel each other out? And why peaks and peaks or troughs and troughs add up? I have thought that the cancellation of peaks and troughs is a consequence of Newton's third law of motion that equal and opposite forces cancel each other ou... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "waves, energy-conservation, interference",
"url": null
} |
java, xml, serialization, meta-programming
Title: Deserializing an XML Object without Reflection / Meta-Programming I need to deserialize an XML file, without using any sort of "reflection" (or meta-programming). Instead, I need to do it via a raw object, that knows of it's structure and can properly identify and dese... | {
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"id": 33594,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, xml, serialization, meta-programming",
"url": null
} |
time-series, deep-learning, rnn, prediction
input or basically it means feature vector. Now, assuming that you
have t timesteps and you want to predict time t+1, the best way
of doing it using either time series analysis methods or RNN models
like LSTM, is to train your model on data up to time t to predict
t+1. Then ... | {
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"id": 972,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "time-series, deep-learning, rnn, prediction",
"url": null
} |
hilbert-space, operators, mathematical-physics, eigenvalue
QED
It is therefore clear that, when $f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ is continuous, problems may pop up only for unbounded (seldafjoint) operators.
Restricting to the point part of the spectrum, as a general fact we have that $f(\sigma_p(T)) \subset \sigma_p(f... | {
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"tags": "hilbert-space, operators, mathematical-physics, eigenvalue",
"url": null
} |
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