text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
r, bioconductor
require(CNTools)
segData <- read.csv("result_cnv.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
head(segData)
# Create inital CN object
cnseg <- CNSeg(segList = segData, chromosome = "Chromosome", end = "StopPosition", start = "StartPosition", segMean = "Median.Log2.Ratio", id = "FileName")
cnseg
# Create inital RD... | {
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"tags": "r, bioconductor",
"url": null
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fluid-dynamics, potential-flow
$$
We can then calculate the velocity field $\bar{u} = (u,v)^T$ from the velocity potential $\phi$
$$u = \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial x}=u_{\infty} +\frac{Q}{2\pi} \frac{(x-a)}{(x-a)^2 + (y-b)^2} \quad \textbf{(1)}$$
and
$$v = \frac{\partial \phi}{\partial y}
= \frac{Q}{2\pi} \frac{(y-... | {
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"tags": "fluid-dynamics, potential-flow",
"url": null
} |
automata, pushdown-automata
Title: Simple Pushdown Automaton I'm currently learning about PDAs and their power when constructing them from Context-Free Grammars, however I'm still unsure of how to properly construct a CFG, and then a PDA from that CFG.
In the book, Formal Languages, Automata, and Complexity, by J. Gle... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "automata, pushdown-automata",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics
Title: Basic Understanding Of Angular Momentum I am trying to understand angular momentum in the same visceral way that I understand linear momentum, e.g., if someone rolls a bowling ball towards me then it is “natural” to me that I must apply a force to diver... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics",
"url": null
} |
Next, even if we were asked to find the value of $$x$$ or $$y$$ then yes, $$xy=50$$ and $$x^2+y^2=100$$ gives two values for $$x$$ and $$y$$ BUT in this case the answer would still be sufficient since again one of the values would be negative, thus not a valid solution for a length.
As for the solving DS questions: wh... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8558511451289038,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1056.1023628640028,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7589067816734314,
"tags"... |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, electrostatics, coulombs-law
Title: How do varying static point charges exert the same force on each other? If you have two point charges one being 1 Coulomb and the other being 1 Trillion Coulomb, it is said that the electric force from the 1 Coulomb point charge exerted on the 1 trillion... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, electrostatics, coulombs-law",
"url": null
} |
A World At Risk Report 2019, Conan Exiles Best Weapon Type 2020, Peter Thomas Roth Water Drench Cloud Cream Cleanser, Cranberry Juice Cocktail Ingredients, Pioneer Home Theater Subwoofer, | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9678992932829918,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8086639251119909,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835371034369,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 509.95929793917867,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7051602005958557,
"... |
python, neural-network, prediction, ensemble-learning
Title: Neural Network Multiple | Averging predictions I am training multiple neural networks with various parameters. I am trying to average their predictions, but I am not really sure what that means, I am confused about what to average exactly. Here is what I mea... | {
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"id": 6150,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, neural-network, prediction, ensemble-learning",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, nlp, ab-test
Title: What does Prec@1 in fastText mean? In Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification paper which is popular right now, he calculates prec@1 for the datasets in the experimentation segment. What does that mean? Its "Precision at 1", or how often the highest ranked document is rele... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 1026,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "machine-learning, nlp, ab-test",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electrostatics, charge
Title: Question about particles in electric fields. Homework question
I am currently working on a homework question and I realized that I don't really understand some of the material that we covered so I hoped that you guys can help me clear up some misunderstandings.
In the d... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, electrostatics, charge",
"url": null
} |
object-oriented, vba, excel, rubberduck
End Function
'@Ignore ProcedureNotUsed
Public Function HasExternalConnection(ByVal ListObjectName As String) As Boolean
Dim evalSheet As Worksheet
Dim evalListObject As ListObject
For Each evalSheet In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets
For Each evalListObject In eval... | {
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"tags": "object-oriented, vba, excel, rubberduck",
"url": null
} |
variable-star, hipparcos, eclipsing-star-systems
What does the (+) sign signify in a Variable Type e.g. SR+ZA (HIP36623)
I really like to understand what the significance of the +, / and : mean It seems to me that you're mostly asking about star naming conventions, which is unfortunately a difficult thing to master b... | {
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"tags": "variable-star, hipparcos, eclipsing-star-systems",
"url": null
} |
classical-mechanics, stress-strain
Title: Why is $dL = L d\epsilon$? Let's say there's a random elastic material. It's length is $L$ and it's tensile strain $\epsilon= (L-L_0)/L_0$
Now, when one pulls on it the following is true:
$dW_{tot}=FdL =\sigma AdL=\sigma A L d\epsilon$
Why can we make that last step or in othe... | {
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"tags": "classical-mechanics, stress-strain",
"url": null
} |
c++, algorithm, c++11, sorting, mergesort
/***************************************************************************
* Returns the amount of integers in this queue. *
***************************************************************************/
size_t size() const
{
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, algorithm, c++11, sorting, mergesort",
"url": null
} |
python, embedded, raspberry-pi
log_print('SAMPLING INTERNAL RESISTANCE...')
for sample in range(SAMPLES_TO_TAKE):
configure_adc(SINGLESHOT_CONFIG_REG)
while not CONVERSION_READY:
sleep(sample_period)
CONVERSION_READY = False
voltage_samples.append... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, embedded, raspberry-pi",
"url": null
} |
qiskit, programming, quantum-algorithms, state-tomography, shadow-tomography
print("State distance")
print(distance(record_rho - bell_state))
# VERIFICATION
print("verify 2-local expecations converge")
I = np.eye(2)
X = np.array([[0, 1], [1, 0]])
Y = np.array([[0, -1j], [1j, 0]])
Z = np.array([[1, 0], [0, -1]])
pauli... | {
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"tags": "qiskit, programming, quantum-algorithms, state-tomography, shadow-tomograp... |
classical-mechanics, fluid-dynamics, continuum-mechanics, navier-stokes
There are several, well-known analytic solutions to the NSE for specific functions of pressure and initial conditions $u^\circ$. This (closed) question on this site contains one such list of exact solutions.
So the problem isn't that one wants sol... | {
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"tags": "classical-mechanics, fluid-dynamics, continuum-mechanics, navier-stokes",
"url":... |
c, linked-list
return root;
} else {
return NULL;
}
}
int main() {
ListElement *root = createList(100);
printList(root);
freeList(root);
}
While the code compiles and runs as intended I'd like to have some feedback on the coding style, program structure and possibly existing quirks with t... | {
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"tags": "c, linked-list",
"url": null
} |
ros, std-msgs, multiarray
/opt/ros/electric/stacks/ros_comm/clients/cpp/roscpp/include/ros/node_handle.h:752:14: note: template<class M, class C> ros::Subscriber ros::NodeHandle::subscribe(const string&, uint32_t, const boost::function<void(C)>&, const VoidConstPtr&, const ros::TransportHints&)
make[3]: *** [CMakeFi... | {
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"tags": "ros, std-msgs, multiarray",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery, plugin
Title: Zepto / jQuery plugin base I am looking for a starting point to code plugins, primarily for Zepto.js (with fall back for jQuery). These will provide reusable functions for Tumblr theming.
However, I can't seem to find anything in depth about writing a plugin (with Zepto) as the examp... | {
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"tags": "javascript, jquery, plugin",
"url": null
} |
mathematical-physics, mathematics, vectors, vector-fields
$$
\nabla\times({\bf G}'-{\bf G})=\nabla f.
$$
The right side of this expression is divergence-free (because it's $\nabla^2f$), and any divergence-free vector field can be expressed as the curl of some other divergence-free vector field, so ${\bf G'}-{\bf G}$ e... | {
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"tags": "mathematical-physics, mathematics, vectors, vector-fields",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, kinematics
$$ p_m^2 = p_x^2 + p_y^2 \qquad (3) $$
Solving $(3)$ for $p_x$, substituting in $(1)$, solving for $p_y$ and then substituting in $(2)$ yields a single equation with only one unknown, $t$. Solving and substituting back into $(1)$ and $(2)$ gives $p_{x,y}$. | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, kinematics",
"url": null
} |
navigation, mapping, rviz, hector-slam, hector-mapping
Cell Size: 1
Class: rviz/Grid
Color: 160; 160; 164
Enabled: true
Line Style:
Line Width: 0.03
Value: Lines
Name: Grid
Normal Cell Count: 0
Offset:
X: 0
Y: 0
Z: 0
Plane: XY
... | {
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"id": 21530,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "navigation, mapping, rviz, hector-slam, hector-mapping",
"url": null
} |
string-theory, fermions, supergravity, effective-field-theory
Title: IIB Supergravity from worldsheet (super)conformal invariance of Green-Schwarz string After reading this question
How are low energy effective actions derived in string theory?
I began to wonder what is the coupling of the string to the other sugra fi... | {
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To compare Euclid’s postulates with a few modern sets of axioms, you can look at Wikipedia on Hilbert’s axioms, Birkhoff’s axioms, and Tarski’s axioms. These are very different in their purpose and form. Many modern school texts, to the extent they use postulates or axioms at all, appear to take ideas from Birkhoff.
F... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 490.923540117864,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6749465465545654,
"tag... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, potential
Title: Relation between gravitational potential and gravitational field The relation between gravitational potential and gravitational field is
$V_{r_2} - V_{r_1} = - \int^{r_2}_{r_1}\vec E\cdot d\vec r$
Where terms $V$ stands for potential and... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, potential",
"url... |
r
Title: Streamline R code for Shiny usage I have the following code to create a table for overall percentages and the past 30 day percentages. I would like to add this to a Shiny app I'm making, but I feel there is a simpler or shorter way to create this code/table than what I have, which would work better in Shiny.... | {
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} |
c++, c++11, game, random, timer
That way you only implement the average logic once.
If a member function doesn't change the object, make it const
Good practice. A lot of your member functions (e.g. average(), display_best(), etc.) don't make any modifications to split. So they should be const.
Just expose the splits
... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, game, random, timer",
"url": null
} |
will give students the information : the sin(t) = 3/5 and have them work in groups to find as many pieces of information as they can from these facts. Classwork: Trigonometric Identities Practice. Solution of exercise 1. The Pythagorean Theorem along with the sum and difference formulas can be used to find multiple sum... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9905874093008835,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8167016101253737,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461932846258,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 868.5138160163617,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5879052877426147,
"t... |
time-series, correlation
PACF data for wk4 will include "independent" (partial) correlations between wk3 and wk4 only (meaning it will by correlation between these points which wasn't explained by their mutual correlations.
To your point about AR and MA processes, it's the other way around. The lag at which ACF become... | {
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the second boundary condition says that Ux′(0,s)=-ks, and since (2) implies that Ux′(x,s)=-scC2e-scx, we can infer that now. The code below solves the 1D heat equation that represents a rod whose ends are kept at zero temparature with initial condition 10*np. That is, the average temperature is constant and is equ... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9888419694095656,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.836503389555895,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424411924673,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 466.0453277681271,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8282039165496826,
... |
quantum-mechanics, electrons, atoms
Title: Do orbitals overlap? Yes, as the title states: Do orbitals overlap ?
I mean, if I take a look at this figure...
I see the distribution in different orbitals. So if for example I take the S orbitals, they are all just a sphere. So wont the 2S orbital overlap with the 1S overl... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, electrons, atoms",
"url": null
} |
python, feature-selection, dataframe
Title: Python - Feature Selection - Should I remove bad variables? I've this code to print the importance of each variable on my model:
importances = trained_model.feature_importances_
std = np.std([trained_model.feature_importances_ for trained_model in trained_model.estimators_],... | {
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"url": null
} |
# Sorting
The following algorithms are described with the assumption that the sequence is an array of contiguous memory and constant access time. This is noteworthy because it is important to recognize algorithms can have different speeds depending on the underlying data structure.
For example, selection sort backed ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891239865619,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1229.7954954713152,
"openwebmath_score": 0.49524566531181335,
"tags": null... |
python, pandas, odbc
55: {'artist': 'Lewis Capaldi', 'title': 'Someone You Loved'}, 56: {'artist': 'Kelsea Ballerini', 'title': 'Miss Me More'}, 57: {'artist': 'P!nk', 'title': 'Walk Me Home'}, 58: {'artist': 'Billie Eilish', 'title': 'Bury A Friend'}, 59: {'artist': 'Maren Morris', 'title': 'GIRL'}, 60: {'artist': 'D... | {
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"tags": "python, pandas, odbc",
"url": null
} |
javascript, angular.js
Title: Add items to a list, or update the quantity if already in the list I have several lists that contain Part objects with a partNumber and quantity. When the user selects to add a part to an existing list, I want to check to see if the part is already on the list. If it is, I simply want to ... | {
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"tags": "javascript, angular.js",
"url": null
} |
Question 3:
Which aspect should we consider when finding the sum of the given function?
A. Arithmetic Series
B. Geometric Series
C. Binomial Sum
D. Telescoping Sum
As mentioned before, most problems that involved the sum with factorial are telescoping series. Hence, we will use telescoping method to deal with this par... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835411997897,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 357.91393040796885,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8888727426528931,
"tags": ... |
biochemistry, physiology, digestive-system, fat-metabolism
Title: How are micelles formed from the byproducts of emulsification in fat digestion? It is known that fat droplets are made into emulsion droplets via the addition of bile salts. It is then said that the emulsion droplets are made into micelles through some ... | {
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"tags": "biochemistry, physiology, digestive-system, fat-metabolism",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11
// semiregular
MyClass(const MyClass& other)
: first(other.first),
second(other.second)
{}
MyClass(MyClass&& other)
: first(std::move(other.first)),
second(std::move(other.second))
{}
MyClass()
: first(),
second()
{}
~MyCl... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11",
"url": null
} |
cosmology, string-theory, quantum-gravity, de-sitter-spacetime, string-theory-landscape
Unfortunately, de Sitter space is hard to deal with in string theory. There are elaborate stories (eg, KKLT) that can support a positive cosmological constant, but it is a lot of work and only parts of it can be rigorously calculat... | {
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"tags": "cosmology, string-theory, quantum-gravity, de-sitter-spacetime, string-theory-land... |
. . . . . . . . . . . $+ \left(\tfrac{1}{2n-1} + \tfrac{2}{2n+1} - \tfrac{3}{2n+3}\right) + \left(\tfrac{2}{2n+1} + \tfrac{2}{2n+3} - \tfrac{3}{2n+5}\right)$
"Collect" the fractions by their denominators:
. . $1 + \left(\tfrac{2}{3} + \tfrac{1}{3}\right) + \left(-\tfrac{3}{5} + \tfrac{2}{5} + \tfrac{1}{5}\right) + \l... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8104789109591832,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1820.7978916926536,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9330968856811523,
... |
# What does correlation formula really tell you?
The formula for correlation coefficient is as follows:
\begin{align}\mathrm{corr} \left(\vec x, \vec y\right) = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{\left(x_i-\bar x\right)}{\sigma_x} \cdot \frac{\left(y_i - \bar y\right)}{\sigma_y} \end{align}
The idea behind correlation i... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9674102552339746,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8061667634480366,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 633.2459460975048,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9413610696792603,
"tag... |
quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, potential, quantization, discrete
Title: When is energy discrete/quantized for a potential well? Specifically, my question is:
Should one expect energy quantization for a particle in the following potential well?
More generally, how can one tell whether or not energy should b... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 23899,
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, potential, quantization, discrete",
"u... |
radiation, thermal-radiation, infrared-radiation, photon-emission
Title: Thermal emission from a metal surface We know from Kirchhoffs law that at thermal equilibrium the absorbance is equal to the emissivity. Let's consider some opaque layers of Al, Ag, Au for which I found reflectances at google:
When I heat the la... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "radiation, thermal-radiation, infrared-radiation, photon-emission",
"url": null
... |
fourier-transform, integration, greens-functions, correlation-functions
You now use translation invariance and show that the above integral is proportional to $\delta^3(p+k)$. Then you define the momentum space correlator as
$$(2\pi)^3 \delta^3(k+p) < P_i(k) P_j(-k)> \;\; = \; \int d^3x d^3y \; e^{-ip \cdot x} e^{-i k... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 41731,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fourier-transform, integration, greens-functions, correlation-functions",
"url":... |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-spin, wavefunction, particle-physics, fermions
which is why the spatial antisymmetric part is impossible for the ground state. For fermions this is a natural consequence of the Pauli exclusion principle, since you would allow the possibility of two particles being in the same state, given th... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-spin, wavefunction, particle-physics, fermions",
"url"... |
python, object-oriented, inheritance
Title: OOP paradigm in python - Extend class functionalities I am a novice of Python and I am trying to understand how to use OOP paradigm to improve my scripts. My scripts usually read some data from a formatted csv file and perform some numerical analysis. Here is a short example... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, object-oriented, inheritance",
"url": null
} |
ros-kinetic
After some research I found that it could be that I cant ping the LiDAR so I rand the following with the output.
austin@austin-Precision-5520:~/ros_catkin_ws$ nc -z -v -w5 $169.254.172.71 2112
nc: connect to 69.254.172.71 port 2112 (tcp) failed: Network is unreachable
How do I fix the connection error so ... | {
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"id": 34132,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
$$\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-x^2}\,dx \int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-y^2}\,dy = K \int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-y^2}\,dy .$$
Simple substitution using the previous equation.
$$K \int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-y^2}\,dy = \int_{-\infty}^\infty Ke^{-y^2}\,dy.$$
Since $$K$$ is simply a fixed number (though we haven't computed it yet),... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9805806552225683,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.82135394042242,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199714402813,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 192.64737697943707,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9496047496795654,
"tags... |
navigation, odometry, turtlebot, ros-hydro, gyro
[ INFO] [1489098053.321904353]: Starting depth stream.
[ INFO] [1489098053.441148566]: using default calibration URL
[ INFO] [1489098053.443462943]: camera calibration URL: file:///home/habals/.ros/camera_info/depth_Astra_Orbbec.yaml
[ INFO] [1489098053.446202508]: Unab... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 18298,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "navigation, odometry, turtlebot, ros-hydro, gyro",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, heat, nuclear-engineering
So, to maintain high power generation efficiency you must maintain high pressure on the core cooling system.
You need to keep in mind that there are two separate loops at work here. One is in contact with the core and potentially contaminated, so it is kept carefully inside t... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 7975,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "thermodynamics, heat, nuclear-engineering",
"url": null
} |
javascript, performance, array, json
var mapping = Object.values(object.dataset).reduce(
(function(graph) {
graph = {
hash: {},
index: {}
};
let {
hash,
index
} = graph;
hash = {
"graph-data": [
[{
name: "country",
dataset: []
}],
... | {
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"id": 26500,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, performance, array, json",
"url": null
} |
# Rate of change with $f(x)=4x^2-7$ on $[1,b]$
As part of a textbook exercise I am to find the rate of change of $$f(x)=4x^2-7$$ on inputs $$[1,b]$$.
The solution provided is $$4(b+1)$$ and I am unable to arrive at this solution.
Tried:
$$f(x_2)=4b^2-7$$
$$f(x_1)=4(1^2)-7=4-7=-3$$
If the rate of change is $$\frac... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9787126482065489,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8450122959172625,
"lm_q2_score": 0.863391617003942,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 278.90330848542425,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9659201502799988,
"tag... |
python, gnuradio, c++
Title: gnuradio - flowgraph with cpp I build a flowgraph in gnuradio, generated python code, change a little and run it using python.
My question is, does building the flowgraph in cpp will provide better results (time)? (in other words does GIL and other stuff that make python slower also infect... | {
"domain": "dsp.stackexchange",
"id": 9485,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, gnuradio, c++",
"url": null
} |
electric-circuits
Title: Can someone use DC generator along with electric motor to make electricity along with mechanical energy? I know this might sound stupid and maybe stupid totally, but I need some clarification....
I came through electric motor principle.
and then I came across the following link on DC generator... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electric-circuits",
"url": null
} |
quantum-gate, matrix-representation
Title: How to interpret the matrix representation of a quantum gate? I am trying to understand how the quantum gates work, so I started with the simplest one, the Pauli X gate.
I get that it turns $|0\rangle$ into $|1\rangle$ and $|1\rangle$
to $|0\rangle$.
So my question is how do ... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 721,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-gate, matrix-representation",
"url": null
} |
ros, beagleboneblack
Edit: console output of running catkin_make_isolated:
root@beaglebone:~/ros_catkin_ws# catkin_make_isolated -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc-4.7 --pkg ros_ubled
Base path: /root/ros_catkin_ws
Source space: /root/ros_catkin_ws/src
Build space: /root/ros_catkin_ws/build_i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, beagleboneblack",
"url": null
} |
resource-recommendations, symmetry, gauge-invariance, constrained-dynamics, brst
Title: Request for Reference: BRST formalism/transformations Could anyone please suggest a very basic paper/reference/literature on BRST symmetry/formalism that requires rudimentary knowledge of Dirac's method for dealing with constrained... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 3815,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
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"tags": "resource-recommendations, symmetry, gauge-invariance, constrained-dynamics, brst",
... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, angular-momentum, string
(fun fact, for circular motion like this there will always be one axis that isn't transmitting momentum. It might not be the obvious up/down/left/right/forward/back axes. It might be at a funny angle, but there's always one. S... | {
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"id": 100132,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, angular-momentu... |
arachnology
Title: Did or do these gigantic spiders really exist in Finland and/or Northern Europe? In the year 2000, the newspapers in a small coastal town of Finland ("Hanko"; current population: ~8k) had some very disturbing reports of a couple who had just moved into a new rental apartment/house in the central par... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 11403,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "arachnology",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, random-forest, sampling, class-imbalance
Title: Right ML mode and metric to minimize FN and FP on imbalanced dataset So I have a dataset in which I have to predict class binary label (1 or 0), the problem, out of 120k data points, only 200 have the label '1'.
the aim is to minimize FN and FP.
Which ... | {
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"id": 2920,
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"tags": "machine-learning, random-forest, sampling, class-imbalance",
"url": null
} |
an analysis and simulation introduction : buffon's needle is one of the oldest problems in the field of geometrical probability it was if you keep dropping the needle, eventually you will find that the number 2n/h approaches the value of pi method let's take the simple case first in this case, the length of the needle ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9881308800022472,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8703427871278225,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8807970732843033,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1603.7392917532973,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7109445333480835,
"tags": nu... |
quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, probability, normalization
where when we impose the boundary conditions, we get $k\frac{L}{2} = N\pi$. Also, note that $V=L^3$.
Thus, $P(i \rightarrow f) = \frac{|\langle f \vert \mathrm{U} \vert i \rangle|^2}{\langle f \vert f \rangle \langle i \vert i \rangle} ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, probability, normalization... |
philosophy, agi, superintelligence
Title: Why would an AI need to 'wipe out the human race'? I'm reading such nonsense about how an AI would turn the world into a supercomputer to solve a problem that it thought it needed to solve. That wouldn't be AI. That's procedural programming stuck in some loop nonsense. An AI w... | {
"domain": "ai.stackexchange",
"id": 115,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "philosophy, agi, superintelligence",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, time-evolution
Title: Problem involving Dirac notation and Ehrenfest's theorem Ehrenfest's theorem in one guise says (omitting hats for vectors) for suitable operators A
$$\frac{\mathrm d}{\mathrm dt}\langle A\rangle~=~\bigg\langle\frac{\partial A}{\partial t}\bigg\rangle+\bi... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, time-evolution",
"url": null
} |
You can compute your binomial coeffient by noting that $$\displaystyle \;\binom{k}{i} = \frac{k!}{i!(k-i)!} = \frac{k\cdot (k-1)\cdots (k - i + 1)}{i\cdot (i-1) \cdots 2 \cdot 1}$$
-
I've not in recent times ever heard $\binom{k}{i}$ read as anything other than "$k$ choose $i$". (But maybe I don't get out enough ...) ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307661011976,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8719009011832392,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8962513641273355,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 596.6473114939948,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8667019605636597,
"tag... |
pandas, logistic-regression
Title: What should be the target variable shape? should it be (n,1) or (n,)? I tried logistic regression on the titanic dataset but used 2 different code:
1st code:
# did all the data preparation
d = pd.read_csv("titanic.csv")
x = d.values[:,1:]
y = d.values[:,1]
m.fit(x_train,y_train)
an... | {
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"tags": "pandas, logistic-regression",
"url": null
} |
c#, performance, matrix, search
BubbleCollection[b, a, CMinus1] = BubbleCounter;
}
if ((APlus1) < Sensor && BubbleFrame[b, APlus1, CMinus1] > Threshold)//6
{
BubbleFrame[b, APlus1, CMinus1] = 0D;
BubbleCollection[b, APlus1, CMinus1] = BubbleCounter;
... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, performance, matrix, search",
"url": null
} |
.htaccess, https
And it doesn't work. Can you please explain why ?
I found some users which are using:
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
and not:
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
I understand that one line checks if the https is off and another one if https is not on. We can say they do the same thing. There are other differences... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": ".htaccess, https",
"url": null
} |
f#, rss
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://christopherjmcclellan.wordpress.com/?p=2056</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Let’s talk about Code Reviews for a minute. They’re important; they spread knowledge around and catch bugs [citation needed], but they can be frustrating some times. They don’t ne... | {
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"id": 26939,
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"tags": "f#, rss",
"url": null
} |
\begin{align*} \left(1-4x\right)^{1/2}&=\sum_{n\ge 0}\binom{1/2}n(-4x)^n\\ &=\sum_{n\ge 0}\frac{\left(\frac12\right)\left(-\frac12\right)\left(-\frac32\right)\dots\left(-\frac{2n-3}2\right)}{n!}(-4x)^n\\ &=\sum_{n\ge 0}(-1)^{n-1}\frac{(2n-3)!!}{2^nn!}(-4x)^n\\ &=-\sum_{n\ge 0}\frac{2^n(2n-3)!!}{n!}x^n\\ &=-2\sum_{n\ge ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9790357555117624,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8158545686789312,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245891029456,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 521.6657829505912,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9357860684394836,
"tag... |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, schroedinger-equation
Title: Time evolution of operators in QFT $\newcommand{\Ket}[1]{\left|#1\right>}$
I began to study QFT using David Tong's notes. This is what the notes says (http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/qft.html page 21).
I work in the Schrödinger picture so my op... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, schroedinger-equation",
"url": null
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ros, dependencies
Title: Unable to install ROS on Ubuntu 14.04.5
Hi,
After following all the steps on ROS Wiki,
I get stuck on
sudo apt-get install ros-indigo-desktop-full
I get the error
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be insta... | {
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teleop
Originally posted by AlexR with karma: 654 on 2014-12-13
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 3
Original comments
Comment by ahendrix on 2014-12-13:
I've removed the sudo for editing your bashrc. If you need sudo to edit your bashrc, the ownership or permissions are wrong, and you should f... | {
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Secondly ... Peter Taylor's solution involves solving a system of linear equations (or, equivalently, inverting a 4x4 matrix). This isn't very difficult, but you can avoid it by using Lagrange polynomials. Once you have chosen parameter values for the two interior points, you can simply write down the equations of a cu... | {
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"ta... |
move $$\| u\|_{p_i,K}^{p_i-1}$$ to the left, and find $$\|u\|_{p_i,K}\leq (b-a)p_i\|\partial_iu\|_{p_i}\,.$$ Remember, we only proved this inequality for $$u\in C_c^\infty(\Omega)$$. Still, it implies that a Cauchy sequence $$(u_n)$$ in $$D^{1,\vec{p}}$$ is a Cauchy sequence w.r.t. $$\|\cdot\|_{p_i,K}$$ as well, implyi... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8292343781135144,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256393148982,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9999496936798096,
"tag... |
-
Jointly continuous means, that $\langle, \rangle\colon V^2 \to \mathbb K$ is continuous, right. 2) What are the open balls of your norm? Compare them with products of open balls in $V$. 3) Just use addition of a zero: $\langle x_n, y_n\rangle - \langle x,y \rangle = \langle x_n - x, y\rangle + \langle x_n, y_n - y\ra... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9759464520028357,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8132801902411042,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333246035907933,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 79.46196364345323,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9312263131141663,
"tag... |
toPWCases[And[cond_, xr_, yr_]] := {NIntegrate[i0[x, y, omega, s],
{x, 2 ArcSin@xr[[1]], 2 ArcSin@xr[[-1]]},
{y, 2 ArcSin@yr[[1]], 2 ArcSin@yr[[-1]]}], cond} /.
{a -> Sin[x/2], b -> Sin[y/2]};
toPWCases[And[cond_, ranges_Or]] :=
{Total[First@toPWCases[Hold && #] & /@ List @@ ranges], cond};
n[omega_?NumericQ, s_?Numer... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8124102705812526,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424431344437,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 3326.917800596347,
"openwebmath_score": 0.33421871066093445,
"ta... |
# Math Help - Coordinates of intersection of circle and sphere
1. ## Coordinates of intersection of circle and sphere
How do I calculate the x, y, & z coordinates of the two points where a sphere intersects a circle? The coordinates of the center of both are known and the radii are known.
The center of the circle an... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8558511488056151,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6273150444030762,
... |
c++, performance, file, file-structure, heap-sort
if ( power > numPostfixes ) {
return string( "2^" ) + to_string( power * 10 ) + postfixes[0];
} else {
return postfixes[power];
}
}
std::string getFormatedSize( std::streampos size, int power ) {
unsigned short formatPower = (power <= -1) ?... | {
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"tags": "c++, performance, file, file-structure, heap-sort",
"url": null
} |
arduino, rosserial, ubuntu
Title: Rosserial and Arduino resets
I'm having an interesting issue with rosserial. When uploading some arduino code, for example Hello World , and running:
rosrun rosserial_python serial_node.py /dev/ttyUSB0
I am able to connect with no issue.
If I upload the same code, but unplug and plu... | {
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"tags": "arduino, rosserial, ubuntu",
"url": null
} |
rotational-kinematics
where $I$ is the moment of inertia for rotations about the center of the hoop and $\omega$ is the angular velocity.
If the mass is all located at the rim of the hoop, then $I = mR^2$, and because $v_{cm} = \omega R$ you can write
$$K = \frac{1}{2}mv_{cm}^2 + \frac{1}{2}(mR^2)\left(\frac{v_{cm}}{R... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rotational-kinematics",
"url": null
} |
convolutional-neural-networks, brain, neuroscience, neocognitron
Title: Are convolutional neural networks inspired by the human brain? The Deep Learning book by Goodfellow et al. states
Convolutional networks stand out as an example of neuroscientific principles influencing deep learning.
Are convolutional neural netw... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "convolutional-neural-networks, brain, neuroscience, neocognitron",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, aldol-reaction
There are two possible reaction pathways to consider. The enolate 2 adds to the ester carbonyl as in intermediate 3. This step is reversible (blue arrows) but elimination of ethoxide leads to β-diketone 4, which, given its low pKa, is irreversibly deprotonated to enolate 5. Acidificat... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "organic-chemistry, aldol-reaction",
"url": null
} |
classical-mechanics
Title: Help me find flaws on my simple machines invention I have a work to make an invention on simple machines. First of all I am sorry if my English is not very good or clear. As we all know, simple machines are used to simplify things in life and use less work (mechanical advantage). My concept ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
ros, roslaunch, pointgrey
Title: Error while using pointgrey camera
HI,
I am using pointgrey camera. I have installed the pointgrey camera driver successfully. When I launch the camera node, I can see the following topics : /camera/camera_info , /camera/image_raw and /camera/image. But when I try to subscribe to came... | {
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"tags": "ros, roslaunch, pointgrey",
"url": null
} |
# Is is true that $R[x,y]/(x-y^2) \cong R[y]$?
I have a ring $R$ and I want to prove (or disprove) that $R[x,y]/(x-y^2) \cong R[y]$.
My idea is to define a ring homomorphism $\phi$ such that $\phi$ is the identity on $R$ and such that $\phi(y) = y$. This means that $\phi(x) = \phi(y^2) = y^2$.
This is is an injectiv... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9736446463891303,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8134640770354077,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835411997897,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 68.5719356559258,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9840552806854248,
"tags... |
bash, linux, shell, awk
Title: Parse log file and send the result to an API The task is to get the most recent login time of the day for each user. Then send such a result to an API.
The log file (file.log) looks like the following (only the last two days):
2021-05-26 09:28:40.720+0000 INFO [alice]: logged in
2021-05... | {
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"tags": "bash, linux, shell, awk",
"url": null
} |
python, error-handling, numpy
I would appreciate any feedback. Especially I am not sure about effectivity of the error raising as it is implemented right now. Some comments related to your code, in addition to the comments made in Jaime's answer:
Lookout for code repetitions – Whenever you catch yourself doing a copy... | {
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"tags": "python, error-handling, numpy",
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phase, linear-algebra, group-delay
\phi^{'}(w) &= \frac{ r \cos(\theta-w) -r^2 } { 1 - 2r\cos(\theta-w) + r^2 \cos^2(\theta - w) + r^2 \sin^2(\theta - w)}\\
\end{align}
$$
Which finally simplifes to
$$ \phi^{'}(w) = \frac{ r \cos(\theta-w) -r^2 } { 1-2r \cos(\theta-w) + r^2}$$
Then since the group delay is the negativ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "phase, linear-algebra, group-delay",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, multithreading, socket, tkinter
You can test self.alias != "" just using Python's truthiness, where if self.alias will evaluate as True for any non empty string, which is exactly what you need. But since you're using len anyway, it would be easier to just compare there:
if not self.alias.isspace(... | {
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"tags": "python, beginner, multithreading, socket, tkinter",
"url": null
} |
terminology, computer-architecture, cpu
Title: What is instruction throughput and instruction latency? I was reading an article on an alternative method of modulo reduction and i couldn't understand the following excerpt (Those in bold) :
"A single 32-bit division on a recent x64 processor has a throughput of one inst... | {
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"tags": "terminology, computer-architecture, cpu",
"url": null
} |
# The idea of making the data have a zero-mean
I often see people making a dimension/feature of a dataset be of a zero-mean by removing the mean from all the elements. But I never I understood why to do so? What is the effect of doing that as a preprocessing step? Does it improve the classification performance? Does i... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9449947055100817,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8210367147842563,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8688267881258485,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 724.4129397869625,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7189775109291077,
"tag... |
In contrast with those two, consider the set of two-tall columns with entries that are integers (under the obvious operations). Algebra is a branch of math in which letters and symbols are used to represent numbers and quantities in formulas and equations. 20 Algebra 1 Unit 2 Linear Functions Answers – introduction to ... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9822876992225169,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8076262607866592,
"lm_q2_score": 0.822189121808099,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1135.8759574371509,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3489063084125519,
... |
ros, compile, win-ros
And i think that's it. I hope i'm not forgetting anything. I will try to compile win_ros in Debug and also will try to compile it with msvc2012.
Originally posted by Eugene Simine on ROS Answers with karma: 51 on 2013-07-30
Post score: 0
Can you join us on the https://groups.google.com/forum/#!... | {
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"tags": "ros, compile, win-ros",
"url": null
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• Why do you say, "This case is subtler" (than just looking for runs)? OP's sequence 1 has length 300 (longer than the 100 you mention) and its longest run is a single HHHH. So it doesn't seem subtle at all, but rather a slam dunk for the "at a glance" method you describe. May 7 at 18:11
• It's not proper to apply the ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9736446456243805,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8607401087317024,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8840392771633079,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1067.4501979938352,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7305430769920349,
"ta... |
java, linked-list, generics
AList
package Aufgabe5;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class AList<K, V> extends SList<Tuple<K, V>>{
public AList() {
super();
}
/**
* POSTCONDITION
* inserts an element with 3 parameters
*/
public void add(int position, K key, SList<V... | {
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"tags": "java, linked-list, generics",
"url": null
} |
statistical-mechanics, entropy
a quantity which does converge to $\int\left(p\log p - q\,\log q\right)\mathrm{d}x$. The usual relative entropy is not quite the same as this definition (see articles - the definition is modified to make the measure independent of reparameterization) but this is the the basic idea. Often... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "statistical-mechanics, entropy",
"url": null
} |
## Solution.
### (a) Prove that the matrix $A$ has an eigenvalue $1$.
Let $\mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}$ and we compute
\begin{align*}
A \mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12}\\
a_{21}& a_{22}
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}
=\begin{bmatrix}
a_{11}+a_{12} \\
a_{21}+a_{22}
\en... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9904406017815841,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8074393506764452,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324826183822,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 383.39416618961286,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9944390058517456,
"tags":... |
First let us try to get the number of ordered pairs $(A,B)$ such that $A\cup B = \phi$, without any restrictions on $A$ and $B$. Clearly, each element can EITHER be in only $A$ OR only $B$ OR neither. So, that is $3^5$. Now, remove the cases when $A = \phi$. This is $2^5-1$. Similarly for $B$. So, the total is $3^5 - 2... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9688561685659695,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8234998147980914,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711737573762,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 101.71002461491268,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8981772661209106,
"ta... |
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