text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
python, pandas, dataframe
Title: Help to create a dataframe in Python from a FASTA file I want to create a dataframe in Python starting from a FASTA format file. Given the toy FASTA file that I am attaching, I built this program in Python that returns four colums corresponding to id, sequence length, sequence, animal ... | {
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Of course this approach has the obvious flaw that when you play a few times, you will almost certainly go bankrupt. So we decide not to maximise EV and instead first make sure that we never go bankrupt. We do it by deciding to, at each point of the game, always bet exactly the same proportion of our money, say $$p$$. T... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9857180660748889,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8665908405412606,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8791467564270271,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 351.5297832346506,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6846591234207153,
"tag... |
b \pmod p$ always has a solution, and that solution is unique. Solve the following congruence: $$x \equiv 5^{\varphi(13) -1} \cdot 8 \pmod{13}.$$, Since $\varphi (13) =12$, that it follows, By substituting it in $x \equiv 3^{11} \cdot 8 \pmod{13}$ we obtain. A linear congruence is the problem of finding an integer x sa... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9637799441350252,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8456945400271467,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8774767986961401,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 425.6677028017383,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7148410677909851,
"tags": nul... |
c++, beginner, hangman
cout<<"What letter do you think is here?"<<endl;
cin>>letter;
for(int b=0; b<(int)response.size(); b++)
{
if(response[b]==letter || toupper(letter)==response[b])
{
shown[b]=letter;
}
}
cout<<shown<<endl;
cout<<"You have "<<tries<<" t... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, hangman",
"url": null
} |
bash, shell
esac
elif [[ "$end" == "FALSE" ]]; then
:
else
echo -e "${RED}Invalid value ${CYAN}$end ${RED}for option ${CYAN}$option${NO_COLOUR}"
fi
elif [[ $output == "BOTH" ]]; then
if [[ "$end" == "TRUE" ]]; then
... | {
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"tags": "bash, shell",
"url": null
} |
steps to approximate the function over the interval. The factorial of a natural number x is the product of all positive integers less than and equal to x. How to Multiply Factorials. 2 The following table shows that γnhas great superiority over αnand βn, where αn, βnand γnare as defined by (1. Factorial Calculator Formu... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8365506942062473,
"lm_q2_score": 0.853912747375134,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 869.2936279232446,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7577231526374817,
"tags": null,
... |
java, algorithm
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Introduce the command: ");
String command = scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < command.length(); i++) {
switch (command.charAt(i)) {
case 'l':
direction = (direction + 3) ... | {
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"tags": "java, algorithm",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, mathematical-physics, density-operator
So this line of thought is working fine, because these are the correct expressions. Now I wanted to derive similarly the post-measurement state when the result of the measurement lies in $E\subset \sigma(A)$.
My line of thought was: if the ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, mathematical-physics, density-operator",
... |
java, algorithm, generics, library, dijkstra
/**
* Finds the shortest {@code source/target} path or throws an
* {@link IllegalStateException} if the target node is not reachable from
* the source node.
*
* @param source the source node.
* @param target the target no... | {
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"id": 45321,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, algorithm, generics, library, dijkstra",
"url": null
} |
ros, gazebo, turtlebot, namespaces, depthimage-to-laserscan
Title: When ever I try to put my turtlebot2(simulated in gazebo) into a namespace the fake laser stops publishing messages on /scan
I am trying to put multiple turtlebots in my simulation and need to declare group namespaces for this purpose. When defined wi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, gazebo, turtlebot, namespaces, depthimage-to-laserscan",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, raspberry-pi, fpga
Title: Signal output on Raspberry Pi that acts as input for FPGA Problem
I'm writing a verilog program that does the trapezoidal integration method (where a review is also welcome, wink wink). But turns out you need input for these kind of things, so in the overly complicated set... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, raspberry-pi, fpga",
"url": null
} |
electrical-engineering, electrical
Title: How do electric companies supply electricity to homes in countries where energy is privatized? Before I start, sorry if this doesn't make sense English is not my first language.
In my country electricity is nationalized so there is only one energy company and one grid. When y... | {
"domain": "engineering.stackexchange",
"id": 3212,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electrical-engineering, electrical",
"url": null
} |
formal-languages, computability, mathematical-foundations
Is it possible to make a Turing machine that halts if and only if the twin primes conjecture is true? (And if so, how?)
Is it possible, in general, to make a Turing machine that halts if and only if some given mathematical statement is true? Can this Turing mac... | {
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"tags": "formal-languages, computability, mathematical-foundations",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, velocity, string
Title: Find the speed of the block in this question
The figure shows a block (assumed to be a point) being pulled by an ideal string across an elevated pulley. At any time $t$, let the horizontal distance of the block be $x$ from the pulley. The length of ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, velocity, string",
"url": null
} |
The set $\{1\} \subset \Bbb R$ is closed, and the map $$f: \Bbb R^2 \longrightarrow \Bbb R,$$ $$(x, y) \mapsto x^2 + y^2$$ is continuous. Therefore the circle $$\{(x,y) \in \Bbb R^2 : x^2 + y^2 = 1\} = f^{-1}(\{1\})$$ is closed in $\Bbb R^2$.
Your set is also bounded, since, for example, it is contained within the bal... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8774767922879692,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 161.77502188719942,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9480334520339966,
"ta... |
evolution, vision, neurophysiology
Mid-reds with mid-greens
Blue-greens with grey and mid-pinks
Bright greens with yellows
Pale pinks with light grey
Mid-reds with mid-brown
Light blues with lilac
There are reports on the benefits of being red-green color blind under certain specific conditions. For example, Morgan e... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 5261,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "evolution, vision, neurophysiology",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, resource-recommendations
As mentioned above, there is a set of lecture notes from Schultz, Cuniberti and Pieri: Fermi liquids and Luttinger liquids from the 1997 Chia Laguna summer school. Compared to Hansson's notes, there is more focus on transport and spin systems (chains and ladders).
Philip Phil... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "condensed-matter, resource-recommendations",
"url": null
} |
navigation, ekf, gps, navsat-transform, robot-localization
Cause
The cause for each of these problems is as follows:
Incorrect datum: I'm not 100% sure about this as I still haven't fixed it, but my imu_link -> base_link tansform occasionally fails, and so what I think is happening is that navsat_transform is getting... | {
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"tags": "navigation, ekf, gps, navsat-transform, robot-localization",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, classification, svm, optimization
$$ \begin{align}
\color{red}{ \min_{w,b} } & \quad \underbrace{\color{red}{\frac{1}{2}\Vert w\Vert^2}}_{\text{call it}\color{red}{f}} \\
s.t. & \quad y^{(i)}(w^Tx^{(i)}+b)\geq 1, i=1,...,n
\end{align}
$$
Then, he defines the SVM's Lagrangian as follows:
$$\mathcal{... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, classification, svm, optimization",
"url": null
} |
dark-matter, solar-system, estimation
Title: On dark matter distribution and effects at terrestrial (or solar system) scale Or the lack of them. If DM is much more abundant of common baryonic matter, why its gravitational effect becomes evident only if the dynamic of huge systems such as galactic rotation is considere... | {
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"tags": "dark-matter, solar-system, estimation",
"url": null
} |
1. Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers, and write them in trigonometric form:
a. 5 – 8i
Answer = Sqrt{89} ( cos (-1.01219701) + i sin ( -1.01219701))
b. –1 – i
answer = Sqrt2 (cos (5pi/4) + i sin (5pi/4))
c. –5 + 12i
answer = 13 (cos ( -4.31759786068493) + i sin ( -4.31759786068493))
d... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 1835.7319345912856,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8674920201301575,
"tags": nu... |
bacteriology
Title: How quickly is antibiotic resistance lost? I would imagine the bacterial genome is highly conserved and limited in its space, but maybe I am wrong.
If you were to take a strain of antibiotic resistant bacteria and kept them isolated, but fed well and so forth, how long would it take for them to los... | {
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"id": 1955,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "bacteriology",
"url": null
} |
Counter example to graph coloring heuristic using BFS
I am considering the following heuristic for the graph coloring problem (i.e. to color a graph $G$ using a minimal number of colors so that no two adjacent vertices have the same color):
Explore the vertices of $G$ in the order that they would be explored by a BFS... | {
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Hint: Note that we do not know the length of the resulting vector.
Solution
divisors <- function(N){
# check inputs:
if ( is.na(N) || (N < 1) || (N %% 1 != 0)) { stop("N should be a natural number.") }
# initialize:
seq <- c(1:floor(sqrt(N))) # seq of max. length sqrt(N)
out <- c() # prepare output vector
# loop... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9697854103128328,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8038927603030837,
"lm_q2_score": 0.828938806208442,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 5442.144008090966,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3821958899497986,
"tags": nu... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces
Finally, from equation $(2),(6)$, we get :
$$m(\ddot x - (a+x)(1- 4 \frac{x}{a}) \dot \theta_0^2) = - V'(a) - x V''(a) \quad \quad \quad\quad (8)$$
Keeping only the first order in $x$, we get :
$$m\ddot x - ma \dot \theta_0^2 + 3xm \dot \theta_0^2 = - V'(a) - x V... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces",
"url": null
} |
c++, ros-kinetic
Originally posted by Delb on ROS Answers with karma: 3907 on 2018-10-26
Post score: 1
Original comments
Comment by jacobperron on 2018-10-26:
I've deleted my answer as I misunderstood the issue. Seems like it might not be possible with std_msgs/Bool, but I'm not sure why. The issue can be made more s... | {
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240 ,611 8. Another standard is book's audience: sophomores or juniors, usually with a background of at least one semester of calculus. Shed the societal and cultural narratives holding you back and let free step-by-step Elementary Linear Algebra textbook solutions reorient your old paradigms. (For Linear Algebra II, I... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8084514167018346,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461932846258,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 964.916444493784,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5246977210044861,
"ta... |
c#, mvvm
Title: RSS reader and model (logic) layer in practise I have written a logic part in my app. I'd like to learn best practices, so can you please check my class?
This class is a little too big in my opinion, but I have no idea what I should do now. I've pasted only the main class, but if you'd like to see anyt... | {
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$\text{Therefore, on } S_n, \phi \text{ uses green for an infinite number of x.}$
$\text{(Note that that infinity isn't even counting the top horizontal row of } S_{n+1} \text{ that's colored infinitely often in green.}$
$\text{Thus one of the n rows of } S_{n} \text{ must have an infinite number of green coloring.}$... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891392358015,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 363.189538742946,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6792765259742737,
"tags... |
quantum-mechanics, noise
Title: What is meant by shot noise? Question
In the context of quantum mechanics and more specifically photon counting, what is meant by shot noise?
Additional information
Here is what I already know. The number of photons hitting a photosensitive screen follows a possion distribution with a... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, noise",
"url": null
} |
probability-theory
Title: Hiring one person out of n -- rank and probablity I am studying algorithms from CLRS book. I try to understand the difference between
probability of hiring the $i$th person out of $n$ and
probability of hiring the $i$th person out of $n$ persons based on ranks. | {
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"tags": "probability-theory",
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} |
c++, object-oriented, template, finance, numerical-methods
// auxiliary variables will be used to compute the yield
valarray<double> exp_cash_times = exp(- cash_times);
function<double (double)> bond_implicit = [&](double rate_old)
{
valarray<double> exp_pow_rate = pow(exp_cash_times, rate_old);
... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented, template, finance, numerical-methods",
"url": null
} |
swift, ai, neural-network
let feedForward: FeedForwardResult = JPSNeuralNetwork.feedForward(...)
which is currently required to disambiguate between the two methods.
With regard to class functions or not: There are some "values" which
seem to be actually properties of the neural network, such as
activationFunction, c... | {
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"tags": "swift, ai, neural-network",
"url": null
} |
two ordinary differential equations. Consider: Ees Solver Free full version,. Below we provide two derivations of the heat equation, ut ¡kuxx = 0 k > 0: (2. Partial differential equations are useful for modelling waves, heat flow, fluid dispersion, and other phenomena with spatial behavior that changes. these are the I... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933337131076,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 703.8732531495101,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6489722728729248,
"tags... |
c++, template, polymorphism
That's all verbose and a bit hacky, but prevents getting types outside of the expected set statically and values of the wrong type dynamically. Again, I would love to hear a better way of accomplishing the same thing from someone who actually knows the language. You can also drop the vp_t t... | {
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"tags": "c++, template, polymorphism",
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} |
sum(res==0)/B
[1] 0.120614
So the probability is around 12%. Some ideas for an analytical solution (or approximation) would be nice! A similar question (without a complete answer). | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9597620608291781,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.805944809135522,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339736884712,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1261.1864641503134,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7447527647018433,
"tag... |
ros, battery, kinect
Originally posted by KoenBuys with karma: 2314 on 2011-04-05
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 5
Original comments
Comment by KoenBuys on 2011-04-05:
I agree completely on this. However practically we found out last week on RoboCup challenge that multiple people could use ... | {
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"url": null
} |
Except for code which does a significant number of floating-point operations on data that are held in cache, most floating-point intensive code is performance limited by memory bandwidth and cache capacity rather than by flops.
$$v$$ and the products $$Av$$ and $$Bv$$ are all vectors of length 2000 (16K bytes in doubl... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8115482029469409,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8519528076067262,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1425.7306156235159,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5150853991508484,
"ta... |
$\displaystyle = \frac{e^{2x}}{2} + 2e^x + x + C$.
Substituting ln 2:
$\frac{e^{2\ ln\ 2}}{2}\ +\ 2e^{ln\ 2}\ +\ ln\ 2\ =\ 6\ +\ ln\ 2$
Substituting 0:
$\frac{e^{2(0)}}{2}\ +\ 2e^0\ +\ 0\ =\ 2\ \frac{1}{2}$
Subtracting:
$6\ +\ ln\ 2\ -\ 2\ \frac{1}{2}\ =\ 3\ \frac{1}{2}\ +\ ln\ 2\ =\ \frac{7}{2}\ +\ ln\ 2$
Multiplying... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8633916152464016,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 564.0151522970035,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9428101181983948,
"tags"... |
without any need for a piecewise definition. In this case, the above calculation $\int_{0}^{0.25} g(x)dx$ is correct.
-
The power series is equal to your "piecewise" function at $0$, so there is no reason to worry. – André Nicolas Nov 23 '12 at 19:58
@AndréNicolas: OK, I see. So, I could have defined $g(x)$ simply as... | {
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"tag... |
#### Solutions Collecting From Web of "Limit $\lim_{x\to\infty}x\tan^{-1}(f(x)/(x+g(x)))$"
I thought it would be instructive to present a way forward that relies only on elementary tools. We first develop a basic inequality for the arctangent by recalling from geometry that the sine and cosine functions satisfy the in... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8187870925549051,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424411924673,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 127.04949287767617,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9735392928123474,
"tags": n... |
ros, ur-modern-driver, universal-robots, universal-robot, ros-industrial
There is no configuration, everything is taken care of by the driver.
I believe to run commands from ROS to UR Sim should be: roslaunch <launch_file> robot_ip: <local_host>
yes, that's about it.
Comment by prajval10 on 2017-11-23:
Perfect, Than... | {
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"tags": "ros, ur-modern-driver, universal-robots, universal-robot, ros-industrial",
"url... |
quantum-field-theory, gauge-theory, brst, ghosts
So this means that an observable on the space formally dual to a BRST complex $V^\bullet$ is a dg-algebra homomorphism $A^* : \mathcal{O}(\mathbb{A}) \to V^\bullet$. Here on the left we have now the dg-algebra which as an algebra is free on a single generator which is a... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, gauge-theory, brst, ghosts",
"url": null
} |
Batalov 2013-05-12 19:35
Many solutions. Here's just a few:
[SPOILER]v=[3,14,15];sum(k=1,#v,1/(73*v[k])+1/(137*v[k]))
v=[3,10,42,70];sum(k=1,#v,1/(73*v[k])+1/(137*v[k]))
v=[5,6,14,30];sum(k=1,#v,1/(73*v[k])+1/(137*v[k]))
v=[7,10,14,15,21,35,70];sum(k=1,#v,1/(73*v[k])+1/(137*v[k]))[/SPOILER]
CRGreathouse 2013-05-12 2... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.978051741806865,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.801898107438208,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933381139646,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 3309.6686087853977,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8750076293945312,
"tags... |
newtonian-mechanics, energy, work, vectors, differentiation
Title: Work-Kinetic energy theorem derivation
So I came across this derivation in the book Classical Mechanics by Herbert Goldstein. I don't follow from the second step onwards. I understand that there's a dot product, but how do you compute it? More importa... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, energy, work, vectors, differentiation",
"url": null
} |
Full 3D Rotation 0 sin cos 0 cos sin 1 0 0 – Multiply the current matrix by the rotation matrix that. Do we need to subtract the translation vector (t) from matrix M. 1 Introduction. A tensor of shape [A1, , An, 3, 3], where the last two dimensions represent a 3d rotation matrix. I want this rotation matrix to perform ... | {
"domain": "valledelchieseonline.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.986777179414275,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8537833831960149,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8652240860523328,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 608.277822995443,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5945829749107361,
... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, energy, work
Title: Work-Energy conservation with friction I didn't go to the lesson of work-energy theorem, so I miss something about this subject. I know the formulas, but I can't figure it out. This question has many quantities.
Here is the problem,
The sled ($m = 11.1\... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, energy, work",
"url": null
} |
operators, string-theory, renormalization, conventions, stress-energy-momentum-tensor
Title: Energy-momentum tensor normal ordering in Polchinski In Volume 1 of Polchinski's String Theory book, the author works with energy--momentum tensor of CFTs till chapter 3 in a normal ordered mode, i.e. $T(z)= : \text{something}... | {
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"id": 93147,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "operators, string-theory, renormalization, conventions, stress-energy-momentum-ten... |
star, planet
Title: Can you identify this planet seen in the night sky? I saw a very bright star in the night sky on Monday (Jan 30, 2017). The star was in the Western sky and was directly above the crescent moon.
My location is Toronto, Ontario. Canada. It was about 8pm at night, but by 10pm the star had disappeared ... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 2096,
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"tags": "star, planet",
"url": null
} |
The utility of the conjugate is that any complex number multiplied by its complex conjugate is a real number: This operation has practical utility for the rationalization of complex numbers and the square root of the number times its conjugate is the magnitude of the complex number when expressed in polar form. By usin... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9796676490318649,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8076986834677609,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461932846258,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 416.06560931087193,
"openwebmath_score": 0.73320901393... |
java, multithreading, producer-consumer
And the code in my main class, which uses 1 producer and 3 consumers:
BlockingQueue<String> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(100);
Producer readingThread = new Producer(location, queue);
new Thread(readingThread).start();
Consumer normalizer... | {
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"tags": "java, multithreading, producer-consumer",
"url": null
} |
waves
Title: Energy conservation in interference? Does interference of light follows first law of thermodynamics?
If yes then where does light vanishes in minimum interference pattern? Light doesn't "vanish" - it "finds another way".
When you have a thin bubble you see interference fringes in the reflection - when the... | {
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"tags": "waves",
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newtonian-mechanics, collision, rigid-body-dynamics
To get $$ \boxed{ J=\dfrac{(\boldsymbol{\epsilon}+1)\;\left(\vec{n}^{\top}\vec{v}_{rel}^{-}\right)}{\frac{1}{m_{2}}+\frac{1}{m_{1}}+\vec{n}^{\top}\left[\left(\frac{\vec{d}_{2}\times\vec{n}}{I_{2}}\right)\times\vec{d}_{2}+\left(\frac{\vec{d}_{1}\times\vec{n}}{I_{1}}\r... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, collision, rigid-body-dynamics",
"url": null
} |
Edit: Induction step gives some headache, so let me write it for completeness. Suppose the sum of the first $n$ terms are $a = \sin^{-1}\sqrt\frac{n}{n+1}$. We show that the sum of the first $n+1$ terms are $\sin^{-1}\sqrt{\frac{n+1}{n+2}}$. Let $$b = \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)}}$$ denote the $(n+1)$th... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189014552332401,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844384,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9879447221755981,
"tag... |
Trigonometric Curves with the Unit Circle, Illustrating Secant … = Intro:.$ When secant method is applied to find a square root of a positive number A, we get the formula The cotangent function is the reciprocal of the tangent function. The secant method is used to find the root of an equation f(x) = 0. Ch. The format ... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8292343814402398,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256393148982,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 541.3095723636754,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8611409664154053,
"t... |
newtonian-mechanics, waves, harmonic-oscillator, coordinate-systems, conventions
Title: Simple harmonic motion centered at the origin I'm doing a problem on the simple harmonic motion but I didn't understand it really well.
The problem says: "A point describes a simple harmonic motion centered at the origin, the peri... | {
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python, python-2.x, tkinter
my_text_box = Text(main, bg = "black", fg = "white", insertbackground = "white",
tabs = ("1c"))
my_text_box.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
#The Menu
menu = Menu(main)
main.config(menu = menu)
filemenu = Menu(menu)
menu.add_cascade(l... | {
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"tags": "python, python-2.x, tkinter",
"url": null
} |
Paul T. provides a good answer regarding the case where the height of the bottoms of the poles are the same (which is what was asked for in the question). The main difference in that case is due to the different heights of the centers of mass of the two rods.
However, you might ask, what if the centers of mass of the ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388146603365,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8286733627319336,
"tags... |
hilbert-space, quantum-information, quantum-entanglement
&= e^{i H_A t/\hbar} \otimes e^{i H_B t/\hbar}.
\end{align}
In the second step, we have used the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula, which relies on the two parts of the Hamiltonian commuting with each other; for the third step, see this question. This is a "sep... | {
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"tags": "hilbert-space, quantum-information, quantum-entanglement",
"url": null
} |
kalman-filters
My issue comes from the fact that most literature has the state extrapolation equation as follows (I'm ommiting the control vector):
$$
X_{j+1} = AX_j + w_j
$$
However, I am confused about deriving the state extrapolation and covariance extrapolation equations, since the process model doesn't really hav... | {
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ros-kinetic
Any help is really appreciated! Thanks a lot in advance!
best regards,
Max
Originally posted by Maximus on ROS Answers with karma: 16 on 2018-05-28
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by PeteBlackerThe3rd on 2018-05-28:
This is a linker problem you're having here. Can you add your CMakeLists.txt fil... | {
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python, web-scraping
class SearchResults:
def __init__(self, driver: WebDriver):
self.driver = driver
def number_of_articles_and_pages(self) -> Tuple[
int, # articles
int, # pages
int, # page size
]:
articles_elem = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector('td.Ti... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, web-scraping",
"url": null
} |
speed-of-light, laser
Title: Will laser scanning system miss photons when the mirror scans too fast? So in many applications like Optical Coherence Tomography, LIDAR, a mechanical scanning mirror is often used to reflect the laser to outside and also reflect the back scattered light to detector.
Since light has a cons... | {
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"tags": "speed-of-light, laser",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, python, data-mining, numpy, linear-algebra
Title: Why does np.linalg.eig produce an opposite-signed eigenvector? I am learning SVD by following this MIT course. In this video, the lecturer is finding the SVD for
$$
\begin{pmatrix} 5 & 5 \\ -1 & 7 \end{pmatrix},
$$
which involves finding the eigenva... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, python, data-mining, numpy, linear-algebra",
"url": null
} |
navigation, ekf, ros-jade, robot-localization
Originally posted by charles.fox on ROS Answers with karma: 120 on 2016-01-09
Post score: 1
Original comments
Comment by charles.fox on 2016-01-09:
I can also see the executable,
/opt/ros/jade/lib/robot_localization/ekf_localization_node
which if I run directly from the c... | {
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"tags": "navigation, ekf, ros-jade, robot-localization",
"url": null
} |
robotic-arm
Originally posted by ahendrix with karma: 47576 on 2014-08-19
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 2
Original comments
Comment by l0g1x on 2014-08-19:
I fixed the issue and thought that python-serial was ros package so i tried using rosdep to install it. sudo apt-get install python-se... | {
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Suppose that every subgroup of order $p^t$ is cyclic for some $k \geq t \geq 1$ and that for all such $t$, $\psi(p^t) = \varphi(p^t)$. Let $G$ be a subgroup of order $p^{k+1}$. Note that the elements of $G$ are precisely the roots of $x^{p^{k+1}} - 1$ in $F$. Similarly, the roots of $x^{p^k} - 1$ are precisely those el... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.993898332118988,
"tags": n... |
algorithms, graphs, parameterized-complexity, vertex-cover
Overall, there are at most $2^\ell$ distinct choices for the $\ell$ guesses.
At least one set $X^*$ among the guessed sets $X$ is a subset of $C$.
Given $X^*$ you can find the minimum weighted vertex cover in poylnomial-time by considering $F=G-X^*$. Since all... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, graphs, parameterized-complexity, vertex-cover",
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quantum-mechanics, parity
For example, consider $|\omega\rangle=|x\rangle$ and $|\alpha\rangle=|p\rangle$ with $\langle p|x\rangle \sim e^{-ipx/\hbar}$ which is not an odd or even function. So if $\psi(-x)=\pm \psi(x)$ You can not conclude that $\psi(-p)=\pm \psi(p).$ | {
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ψ[n_, l_, m_][r_, θ_, ϕ_] :=
Sqrt[ (n - l - 1)!/(n + l)!] E^(-(r/n)) ((2 r)/n)^l 2/
n^2 LaguerreL[n - l - 1, 2 l + 1, (2 r)/n] SphericalHarmonicY[l,
m, θ, ϕ]
ClearAll[plotOrbital];
plotOrbital[f_, range_, contour_, opt : OptionsPattern[]] :=
RegionPlot3D[
Evaluate[Abs[f[r, θ, ϕ] /. sphericalToCartesian]^2 >
contour], ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8856314828740729,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 6070.31687891683,
"openwebmath_score": 0.20738713443279266,
"tag... |
c++, object-oriented, design-patterns, snake-game
int main()
{
srand( static_cast<unsigned int> (time( nullptr )) );
initscr();
cbreak();
noecho();
curs_set( 0 );
int start_y = ( LINES - HEIGHT ) / 2;
int start_x = ( COLS - WIDTH ) / 2;
refresh();
WINDOW *win = newwin( HEIGHT, WID... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, object-oriented, design-patterns, snake-game",
"url": null
} |
turing-machines, complexity-classes
NOTE: for definition of precise TM and proper complexity function, please refer to the book pp. 140-141, or look at some slides [4-6] [here 1]. For interested readers, here are some of related definitions.
A function $f : \Bbb N \to\Bbb N$ is a proper complexity function if $f$ is ... | {
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"tags": "turing-machines, complexity-classes",
"url": null
} |
ros
Original comments
Comment by dornhege on 2013-09-23:
Technically there is not guarantee that you will receive all messages. That being said: In your setting you'd hope for that given the large queue sizes. One guess: Check, which messages are missing. Are those the first ones? Then those are sent before the topic ... | {
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"tags": "ros",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-melodic
Originally posted by Hatem with karma: 443 on 2021-06-03
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by yougeyxt on 2021-06-03:
Hello @Hatem,
Thanks for your reply. To double-check, I am currently using the openplanner.1.13 branch from your fork. Do you mean ... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros-melodic",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, operators, eigenvalue, quantum-measurements
Title: Quantum Eigenvalues, measurements, chances not matching up I've got an assignment with a given quantum state, denoted $\phi=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \begin{bmatrix}0 \\ 1 \\ -1\end{bmatrix}$ and an operator for the observable B, given by
$B=b\begin{bmatri... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators, eigenvalue, quantum-measurements",
"url": null
} |
mass, momentum, harmonic-oscillator, hamiltonian-formalism, phase-space
Title: Area of phase space of Harmonic oscillator We all know that the phase trajectory of an undamped linear harmonic oscillator is an ellipse. But when we calculate the area of the ellipse we find it does not depend of mass of the particle. Why ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "mass, momentum, harmonic-oscillator, hamiltonian-formalism, phase-space",
"url":... |
regression
Title: How to assess predictive power of each predictor in case of linear regression For a predictive model with binary target, we can assess the predictive power of each predictor by calculating their information value. What is the equivalent of IV when the target variable is continuous? Should I look at $... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 11185,
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"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "regression",
"url": null
} |
c++, functional-programming, monads
template<typename T>
std::size_t _size_(const T& self) {
return 0;
}
template<typename T> /**** Lead Element Of ****/
var _front_(const T& self);
template<typename T>
var _front_(const T& self) {
return var();
}
templat... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, functional-programming, monads",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, programming-challenge
Title: Project Euler problem 26 in Python Question statement:
A unit fraction contains 1 in the numerator. The decimal representation of the unit fractions with denominators 2 to 10 are given:
1/2 = 0.5
1/3 = 0.(3)
1/4 = 0.25
1/5 = 0.2
1/6 = 0.1(6)
1/7 =... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, programming-challenge",
"url": null
} |
laser
Title: What is the highest repetition rate achieved for Terawatt and Petawatt-order lasers? What is the highest repetition rate achieved for Terawatt and Petawatt-order lasers? respectively.
Source would be appreciated. Petawatt (or Terawatt, because both are just scientific notations of higher orders of 10¹⁵ an... | {
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"id": 75748,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "laser",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, logging
Title: Downloading attachments from web app Preface
This is my first work script; normally I'm just mucking around in console or writing snippets. This script has a lot of firsts for me (configs, logging instead of print, try/except). Typically when I just write snippets I don't care if thi... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 33684,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, logging",
"url": null
} |
space, exoplanets
http://www.rtlnieuws.nl/buitenland/nieuwe-planeet-ontdekt-buitenaards-leven-dichterbij-dan-we-denken
This sounds very unlikely to me. I calculated that you'd have to fly at about 0.14c. Our current fastest space probe (New Horizons) achieves around 0.00001c.
How likely is it that, within the next 20 ... | {
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"id": 33149,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "space, exoplanets",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery
$(document).on("click", "a.selection.in-betslip", function (e) {
if (sliderMenuVisible) {
return;
}
var $this = $(this);
var isLive = $this.data("live");
var url = "/" + _language + "/BetSlip/RemoveAjax/" + $this.data("selection") + "?odds=" + $thi... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 5685,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery",
"url": null
} |
java, javascript, css, spring, spring-mvc
//here we are fetching all answers from DB to memory just to get the size.
public void calculateAnswersCount() {
answersCount = this.answers.size();
}
public void setVotedByActiveUser(User user) {
if (user == null) {
this.votedUpByActi... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 38424,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, javascript, css, spring, spring-mvc",
"url": null
} |
java, strings, programming-challenge, stack
Title: Check correctness of brackets in file with stack + error detection Task:
My implementation:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String fileName = "Brackets.txt";
Path filein = Paths.get(fileName);
ParentStack s = ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, strings, programming-challenge, stack",
"url": null
} |
fl.formal-languages, automata-theory, pr.probability
What is $P(L_2|L)$? In other words, how can I compute the fraction of words that I did not through out from $L$.
I believe there is a way to condition on a language of measure $0$ but I'm not sure how. A similar simple situation appears in the following: one can sam... | {
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"id": 5182,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fl.formal-languages, automata-theory, pr.probability",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery
// contact tab
$("#website-footer #tab-contact").hide().click(function(event) {
event.stopPropagation();
});
$("#website-footer #nav-contact").click(function(event) {
event.stopPropagation();
$("#website-header #tab-lang").hide("slide", { direction: "right" }, 300... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 24236,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery",
"url": null
} |
work
Title: Question on work power and energy A person holds a bundle of grass over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired. Has he done some work or not please explain me? In physics, the work is done if the displacement takes place in the direction of the force applied. Mathematically, in vector form
$$W=\vec F\cdot ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "work",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, projectile, drag, rigid-body-dynamics, angular-velocity
Title: Tennis serving machine--- How does a spinning ball bounce? I have an idea of making a tennis serving machine. I will briefly describe what it is:
The machine is configured to serve the ball at a fixed speed to the center of the left (... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, projectile, drag, rigid-body-dynamics, angular-velocity",
"u... |
You may use the simple fact that $n\ge \sqrt n$ when $n\ge 1$.Then by using a trivial inequality we get that:
$$\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{2(n+1)}=\frac{1}{2}(H_n-1) \rightarrow \infty\le\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{n + n+1}\le\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}}$$
Q.E.D.
It was not entire... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9814534344029238,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8220849957053843,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199694135333,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 2659.8977787245617,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9855654239654541,
"ta... |
q#
Title: Is there a way to implement Smolin's variant of Shor's algorithm? I'm currently investigating Shor's algorithm and especially Smolin's variant, that he described in his article: https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.7007
My applied changes according to Smolin's variant are here:
https://github.com/Sage-Cat/quantum_shor... | {
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"tags": "q#",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, classical-mechanics
Title: What is the equation of motion for a driven spring? A spring of length $l$ and spring constant $k$ is suspended vertically with an object with mass $m$ attached at the bottom. If you take the top of the spring and oscillate it such that its displacement is $a\sin\omeg... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, classical-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
Answer by Joel David Hamkins for What is the least ordinal than cannot be embedded in $\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}$? Joel David Hamkins 2013-05-24T19:37:41Z 2013-05-24T20:16:02Z <p>Let me get things started with some simple observations.</p> <p>Note that given any countable sequence of functions $f_n$, we can by diagonalizat... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8652240964782011,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 380.9785412055225,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8968687653541565,
"tags... |
# (a) Solve for 1st column:
n_distinct(iris$Sepal.Length) # solution for 1st column #> [1] 35 # (b) Generalize to all columns: as_tibble(iris) %>% map_int(n_distinct) #> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species #> 35 23 43 22 3 apply(X = iris, MARGIN = 2, FUN = n_distinct) #> Sepal.Length Sepal.Width P... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9787126513110865,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8024399741234667,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933293122507,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 3506.343945840964,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3427765369415283,
"tags": n... |
c++, multithreading, design-patterns, asynchronous
Title: Get files downloaded asynchronously after double clicking on list item (C++) The problem I am trying to solve as an exercise is as follows:
I have a UI running in the main thread, specifically a list view with many items. Each item represents a file that the u... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, multithreading, design-patterns, asynchronous",
"url": null
} |
lambda-calculus, type-theory
Title: Could following be a counter example to Church-Rosser (Confluence) theorem? According to the "Type Theory and Formal Proof" book, Church-Rosser theorem (confluence) is as follow:
Suppose that for a given term $M$, we have $M \twoheadrightarrow_\beta N_1$ and $M\twoheadrightarrow_\b... | {
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"tags": "lambda-calculus, type-theory",
"url": null
} |
1. ## Number of streets
In one residantial area every street crosses over every other street and there are no three streets which crosses each other in same point.
How many streets there are in that residential area if there are 21 crosses?
2. Originally Posted by OReilly
In one residantial area every street crosses... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.84997116805678,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 624.4291689631484,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6742806434631348,
"tags":... |
c++, beginner, programming-challenge, c++11
Title: DailyProgrammer 280 Easy: Counting on Fingers We are trying to count to 100 on two hands!
Input is given like so: LP LR LM LI LT RT RI RM RR RP (i.e. 0111011100)
Where:
L = Left, R = Right, P = Pinky, R = Ring Finger, M = Middle Finger, I = Index Finger, T = ... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, programming-challenge, c++11",
"url": null
} |
php, javascript
Here is getnewonlinefriends.php:
<?php
if($username)
{
$resettime = time();
mysql_query("UPDATE loggedin SET time = '$resettime' WHERE username='$username'");
echo "<div id='showfriendsforchat'><div id='friendstochatwithcontainer'><div id='friendstochatwith'>";
$construct = "SELECT * FROM accep... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 1239,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, javascript",
"url": null
} |
asteroids, comets, meteor-shower
Title: Why do we only have one major meteor shower from 3200 Phaethon? When talking to my son about the Geminid meteor shower tonight, we read up on 3200 Phaethon, and were curious: why is there only one meteor shower from 3200 Phaethon, and not two? Given its orbit, the Earth crosses... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 5082,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "asteroids, comets, meteor-shower",
"url": null
} |
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