text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
ros2
[rviz2-4] [INFO] [1684922701.918329435] [rclcpp]: signal_handler(signum=2) | {
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Cheung, Anthony – Homework 12 – Due: Nov 21 2006, 3:00 am – Inst: David Benzvi 11 as n , , so X a n is convergent by Ratio Test. C. True. To say that X a n converges is to say that the limit lim n → ∞ s n of its partial sums s n = a 1 + a 2 + . . . + a n converges. But then lim n → ∞ a n = s n - s n - 1 = 0 . keywords:... | {
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first off - OOPS - no we are using |sin(x)| - my apologies for the typo.
i was considering a linear approximation method. separating them into the two parts seems the easiest method.
thanks all.
this is one of those situations where i threw out a question to my students and never checked the solution first. we all ju... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8694120645523071,
... |
python, regression, lstm
Title: Could the Input shape of the LSTM layer not be a constant? I am trying a vanilla LSTM on my dataset.
According to this course; the LSTM layer should be built as follows:
model.add(LSTM(50, activation='relu', input_shape=(n_steps, n_features)))
Key in the definition is the shape of the ... | {
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Brilliant Analogy: Imagine that I have a HUGE barrel containing a zillion American coins. I want to know how many pennies and nickels are in the barrel. My original FACTORS method above is analogous to pouring the entire barrel's contents into a very fast coin counting machine, which would count ALL the types of coins.... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9626731158685837,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8311638998479365,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8633916187614823,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1946.6274603373047,
"openwebmath_score": 0.45099034905433655,
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beginner, go, server, raspberry-pi, video
//remainder can be a negative number
//find out the positive remainder
//remainder must be always positive
//used for byte reslicing
if remainder < 0 {
remainder = PACKET + remainder //remainder here is a negative num
}
//default values
id ... | {
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"tags": "beginner, go, server, raspberry-pi, video",
"url": null
} |
structure-formation
Title: Question about the spiral formation Im new to physics and i have been wondering about the spiral formation that can be seen occuring in Nature, e.g. Spiral galaxies, DNA strains, Bacteria strains, some flowers have the spiral form, also some sea shells have it.
How do this spiral structure ... | {
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ros-kinetic
Title: trying to simulate lane change but receive change.m_TrajectoryCosts.size() Not Equal m_GeneratedRollOuts.size() error
Was trying to follow these steps on autoware 1.12 installed from source on kinetic.
The shown version did not have the equivalent options in the Compute tab but I tried to do roughl... | {
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Now, suppose $$x_0\ne 0$$ and $$y_0=0.$$
For any $$\varepsilon>0,$$ there is $$n\in\Bbb N$$ s. t. $$\left(x_1,\frac{2\pi}{4n+1}\right),\left(x_2,\frac{2\pi}{4n+3}\right)\in B((x_0,0);\varepsilon)$$ for $$x_1,x_2$$ close enough to $$x_0$$ since $$x\mapsto\sin\left(\frac1x\right)$$ is uniformly continuous on segments no... | {
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# Evaluate a linear system of three equations
Solve for $x, y\ \text{and}\ z\$:
$x-3z=10\\ -x+y+2z=7\\ 2x+2y-5z=-8$
My working: $$\left(\begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & -3 & 10 \\ -1 & 1 & 2 & 7 \\ 2 & 2 & -5 & -8 \end{array}\right) = \left(\begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & -3 & 10 \\ 0 & 1 & -1 & 17 \\ 0 & 3 & 0 & -11 \end{... | {
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Solution 2
Suppose $(x,y,z)$ is a non-zero solution for which $|x|^{2}+2|y|^{2}+4|z|^{2}$ is minimized. Clearly $x$ is even, say $x=2w$. We have, as before, $(-y)^{3}+2x^{3}=4w^{3}$. Then $(-y,z,w)$ is a nonzero solution and
$|-y|^{3}+2|z|^{3}+4|w|^{3}=\frac{|x|^{3}+2|y|^{3}+4|z|^{3}}{2},$
a contradiction. Therefore... | {
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robotic-arm, ros, embedded
catkin_make -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=/path/to/rostoolchain.cmake
You should make sure you first delete any existing build/ and devel/ folders, otherwise cmake will get confused as it tries to build. It's just better to start clean. I would also recommend completely separating your local build ... | {
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computational-physics, theory-of-everything
Title: Brute-forcing the theory of everything If brute force doesn't work, you're probably just not using enough of it. That's especially true for guessing combinations of stuff, like characters in a password. Assuming some combination of computer instructions can represent ... | {
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but
$\displaystyle J \geq \sum_{k \leq R/e} \sum_{d|e} h(d) h(k)$
$\displaystyle = \sum_{k \leq R/e} h(k) \frac{h(e)}{g(e)}$
since one can compute that ${\frac{h}{g} = h * 1}$. The claim follows. $\Box$
The upper bound sieve coefficients ${\lambda^+_d}$ in (28) is then bounded by
$\displaystyle |\lambda^+_d| \leq ... | {
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machine-learning, python, neural-network, tensorflow
Title: Tensorflow neural network TypeError: Fetch argument has invalid type I am making a simple neural network using tensorflow, with data I collected myself, however, it's not cooperating :P I have run into an error that I can't fix or find the fix for and I would... | {
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matlab, fourier-transform, frequency-spectrum, fourier-series, signal-power
As you can see, all even multiples of $25\text{Hz}$ is zero, while odd multiples of $25\text{Hz}$ is decreasing with increasing frequency. From the plot $|X[5]|^2 = 0.002914$, while $|X[7]|^2=0.0008386$. Even multiples of $25\text{Hz}$ have ve... | {
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19. car remotes says:
I am sure this post has touched all the internet viewers, its really really good post on building up new website.
20. This is my first time pay a quick visit at here and i am in fact pleassant to read everthing at one place.
21. morpg.dk says:
Asking questions are genuinely good thing if you a... | {
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... |
For the second question, you observed correctly that we have three eigenvectors, for the eigenvalues $$2$$, $$1$$ and $$1$$, respectively $$v_1 = \begin{pmatrix} \frac{1}{3}\\ \frac{2}{3} \\ 1 \\ \end{pmatrix}, v_2 = \begin{pmatrix} 0\\ \frac{1}{2} \\ 1 \\ \end{pmatrix}, v_3= \begin{pmatrix} 1\\ 0 \\ 0 \\ \end{pmatrix}... | {
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"tag... |
$$165n=117-84m=3(39-28m)$$ is divisible by $$3.$$ So $$n$$ is divisible by $$3.$$ So let $$n=3n'.$$ Dividing through by $$3$$ we have $$28m+165n'=39 .$$ We have $$165n'\equiv 39 \mod 28 \iff$$ $$\iff 165n'-28(6n')\equiv 39-28 \mod 28 \iff$$ $$\iff -3n'\equiv 11 \mod 28 \iff$$ $$\iff 9(-3n')\equiv 9(11)\mod 28 \iff$$ $$... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933337131076,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 97.32237593231345,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9466390609741211,
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star
Title: Are stars rotating? This question may sound silly but I'm really not pretty sure whether stars are rotating or stationary. If they are not rotating what makes them to be stable? Stars rotate due to the angular momentum of the gas they formed from. This angular momentum must be conserved, and remains as the... | {
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electromagnetism, electrostatics, energy, dielectric
Title: Energy Density with a Linear Dielectric Inconsistency The energy density of an electromagnetic field with a linear dielectric is often expressed as $0.5 E \cdot D$. It is also known that energy can be found by $ 0.5\int_{V} \rho V dV $. Using the latter, the ... | {
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it.information-theory, coding-theory
0 & 1 & 0 \\
1 & 1/3 & 2/3 \\
2 & 1/2 & 1/2 \\
3 & 0 & 1
\end{array}$$
Therefore, we are able to recover $k$ to some extent.
I have 2 questions: | {
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newtonian-mechanics, forces, mass, inertial-frames, definition
All the laws and theories of physics, including Newton's laws of
gravity, have this deep and subtle character, that they both define
the concepts they use and make statements
about these concepts. | {
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your content. It is the point which is equidistant from each vertex. I am exploring variations on a theme of Napolean's triangle. How many diagonals does an octagon have?. This question cannot be answered because the shape is not a regular polygon. Awarded to. Examples of regular polygons include the equilateral triang... | {
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python, image, ascii-art
ZZZZOOOOZZZZZZZO00OOZmmmZZZZZZmwqppqqpdbh*8@WkqZZZOqapY(I,,' ^/opf1}1)[???----?---?]]]]???????----???????----_+++++_--__+++__---_++_-_+~~_{fUd*#bZLQp*&#dLzYLOmdqLv/{--?-]1tYmahOzjnzvnnuzUCJULZb*M#kpppqqqpdhooabpmOQQ000QQQQQQLLLq*odOCLQLLLCJJJCLLLCCLLLLCCCLLQQLCCLQQLCCLQQQLLLLCL0dapOLLOOQLQLL... | {
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quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, standard-model, gauge-theory
No.
The $U(1)$ phase that everyone talks about is the one of the action and of the Lagrangian, that can be spontaneously broken so as to reveal the massless Goldstone bosons. It is hence related to field theories. The generator of this $U(1)$ symmet... | {
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What is the probability that you keep failing indefinitely?
Probability that you fail first time is $$\cfrac{9}{10}$$
Probability that you fail twice in a row? Now here I assume that the person guessing the password can keep track of what they guessed and does not choose from the one's that are obviously incorrect.
... | {
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• no, there isnt a closed formula for that – Masacroso Jan 8 '19 at 0:17
• Some special values can be obtained through the zeta function, e.g. $a=1, b=0$. For example, for $n \in \Bbb N$ $$\zeta (2n)={\frac {(-1)^{n+1}B_{2n}(2\pi )^{2n}}{2(2n)!}}$$ $${\displaystyle \zeta (-n)=(-1)^{n}{\frac {B_{n+1}}{n+1}}}$$ Other ide... | {
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Your confusion is the following one:
• If a map satisfies the conditions of the Banach fix point theorem, it has a fix point.
• However the converse is not true. A map may have a fix point without satisfying the Banach fix point hypothesis.
This is the case here. $$g(x) = \ln(x+2)-x$$ is continuous in the interval $$... | {
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ros, viso2, transform
Title: Warning about TF to MSG
When I run viso2 mono_odometer I get warnings like
TF to MSG: Quaternion Not Properly Normalized.
I find no translation happens when I move the camera tf are all zeros. Is that because of this warning, which prevent the node to publish tf to odom itself?
Originall... | {
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ros, moveit, model
Originally posted by JoshMarino with karma: 592 on 2016-11-01
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by Josephlin on 2016-11-02:
Thank you very much! I also solve the problem too! If you have the any idea or answer about GOAL_TOLERANCE_VIOLATED. Please... | {
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python, python-2.x, recursion
while and for are often better than recursive in terms of readability (not always true)
while and for are often better than recursive in terms of performance (not always true)
Everything that can be done in a loop can be done recursively (with python not always true)
Everything that can b... | {
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c#, singleton
As for the implementation itself, I agree with you - it makes no sense to use a Lazy<T> if you're going to retrieve its value in the very same instruction; that leaves you with your already-initialized Lazy<T> instance in the dictionary, so you might as well directly store the instance itself. | {
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Prove that if one pair of opposite sides of a quadrilateral are both equal and parallel, then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Sides do NOT have to be equal in length. and bimedian lengths It has one pair of equal angles. A line segment drawn from one vertex of a quadrilateral to the opposite vertex is called a di... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5166797637939453,
"tags... |
beginner, c, array, memory-management, pointers
Title: Reading, echoing, and returning integers in an array I was wanting some clarification on my code, as I am new to pointers in C. I am trying to return an array from a simple function just so I can understand exactly what it is that I'm doing.
Here is the code I ha... | {
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"tags": "beginner, c, array, memory-management, pointers",
"url": null
} |
c#, xaml
var menu4 = new Menu();
menu4.Add(new MenuItem(resourceFile.GetString("Menu 4"), typeof(Menus.Menu4)));
menu4.Add(new MenuItem(resourceFile.GetString("Submenu 10"), typeof(Menus.MenuItems.Submenu10)));
menu4.Add(new MenuItem(resourceFile.GetString("Submenu 9"), typeof(Menus.MenuItems.S... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, xaml",
"url": null
} |
ros
Title: [Error] Timeout: Aborted finding home position for channel 7
This error message shows during homing process. After that, Finger pinky stopped moving, the motor drived for it got very hot, so I turned off power for security. Anyone who meets simlar problem? How to fix it? And what's the reason?
Here's the m... | {
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"tags": "ros",
"url": null
} |
visible-light, photons, reflection, wave-particle-duality
Title: Why do photons follow specific path after reflection from a mirror surface if they can be emitted in any direction by electrons of mirror surface? The electron absorbs the energy of photon(with specific frequency)and re-emits the photon.The photon can be... | {
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"tags": "visible-light, photons, reflection, wave-particle-duality",
"url": null
} |
lagrangian-formalism, mathematical-physics, hamiltonian-formalism
Since the Legendre transformation should be
$$ L+H ~=~P_1\dot{Q}_1+ P_2\dot{Q}_2 ,\tag{1}$$
then
$$\frac{\partial (L+H)}{\partial Q_1}~=~0. \tag{2} $$
Now the higher Lagrange equation reads
$$\frac{\partial L}{\partial Q_1} - \frac{d}{dt} \frac{\partia... | {
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... |
c++, file-system, assembly, c++17
const AssemblyLine Disassembler::disasembleOneCode(const std::vector<unsigned char>& data, size_t codeIndex)
{
int codeValue = data[codeIndex];
const auto& opCode = catalog.getOpCode(codeValue);
const auto byteCount = opCode.getByteCount();
switch (byteCount) {
de... | {
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"url": null
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likely. Posted by. Bayes’ rule cannot stop people from lying, nor can it stop them from rigging an experiment. \frac{P(h_1 | d)}{P(h_0 | d)} = \frac{0.75}{0.25} = 3 Actually, this equation is worth expanding on. Here are some possibilities: Which would you choose? Within the Bayesian framework, it is perfectly sensible... | {
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... |
And finally:
$$I = \frac{3Ml^2}{28}$$
• Bah, forgot to scale the distance $d$. Thanks, this sounds much more reasonable. If you could confirm using numerical methods with some explanation of how you did it, it would put it to rest and I'd definitely accept/award the bounty. – Bennett Gardiner May 19 '16 at 12:42
• I ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8783657550811768,
"tag... |
classical-mechanics, lagrangian-formalism, hamiltonian-formalism, variational-principle, action
Hamilton's principal function$^1$ $S(q,\alpha\!=\!P,t)$ [which is a generating function of a type 2 canonical transformation (CT)] in OP's eqs. (1) & (3)
with the (off-shell) Hamiltonian action functional$^1$ $$S_H[q,p]~=~... | {
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"tags": "classical-mechanics, lagrangian-formalism, hamiltonian-formalism, variational-prin... |
kinematics, speed, distance
Title: How to calculate the speeds two objects need to move at in order to reach different destinations at the same time For example: On a graph there are two points. Each point has a different destination. The distance between Point A and its destination is 50, and the distance between Poi... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "kinematics, speed, distance",
"url": null
} |
harmonic-oscillator, frequency, oscillators, resonance, dissipation
The solution is obtained from
$$2(\omega^2 - \sigma^2 - \omega_d^2)2\omega + 2(2\sigma\omega)2\sigma = 0$$
$$\omega^2 = \omega_d^2 - \sigma^2 = \omega_0^2 - \frac{\gamma^2}{2}$$
Therefore, the system gain is at maximum for
$$\omega_r = \sqrt{\omega_d^... | {
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"tags": "harmonic-oscillator, frequency, oscillators, resonance, dissipation",
"url": nul... |
python
Title: Simplify : find if element is in tuples stored in list Is there a way to simplify this script using in keyword or anything like this:
searched_value = 3
data = [("a", 1), ("b",2), ("c",3)]
### can be simplified ?
test = None
for i in data:
if i[1] == searched_value:
test = i[0]
break... | {
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"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, image, object-detection
### Each possible combination, from img_1 compared to img_2, and the opposite
zero=[] # No match from img_1 to img_2
one={} # Exactly one match from img_1 to img_2
more={} # More than one match from img_1 to img_2
zero_2=[] # Same as zero but from img_2 to im... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, image, object-detection",
"url": null
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protein-structure
Title: What is a "monomeric polypeptide"? In the sentence: "Bacteriophage (viral) polymerases are typically monomeric polypeptides".
I know that polypeptides are chains of amino acids monomers. But what is a "monomeric polypeptide" and what other kinds of polypeptides are there? Monomer in this conte... | {
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ros
Originally posted by ayush_dewan with karma: 1610 on 2013-02-10
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 5
Original comments
Comment by freadx on 2013-03-22:
@shade @tfoote How do I use this launch file? Where do I keep it? | {
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artificial-satellite, apparent-magnitude
From Sky and Telescope's How to See and Photograph Geosynchronous Satellites
Many geosynchronous satellites shine between magnitudes 10–12, so you can spot them in telescopes as small as 4 inches. They're also easy to photograph. High ISOs and fast, low light lenses aren't nec... | {
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"tags": "artificial-satellite, apparent-magnitude",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, fourier-transform, vacuum, qft-in-curved-spacetime
Title: Why field expansion into positive and negative frequency Fourier components becomes ambiguous in curved spacetime? Why is the expansion of a relativistic field into positive and negative frequency components $$\phi({\vec x},t)=\int\frac{d^... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, fourier-transform, vacuum, qft-in-curved-spacetime",
"url"... |
and Harvey, Linear Algebra: Concepts and Methods Martin Anthony and. We will return your money back for the solutions we provide for your problems which are deemed to be incorrect. Chemical reaction stoichiometry (CRS) is a branch of chemical stoichiome-try dealing with the constraints, in the form of chemical equation... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9805806484125338,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8084514167018346,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461932846258,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 964.916444493784,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5246977210044861,
"ta... |
calculations. The Current Flows From Left To Right. Ampere’s Law: An easier way to find B-fields (in very special circumstances) For any arbitrary loop (not just 2-D loops!): Ampere’s Law Use Ampere’s Law to find B-field from current (in very special circumstances) 1. 95 KB) by Sathyanarayan Rao Sathyanarayan Rao (view... | {
"domain": "effebitrezzano.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9715639669551474,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8370394787112369,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8615382076534742,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 632.2104021153492,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7613797187805176,
... |
Do not solve. Infinite Algebra 1 covers all typical algebra material, over 90 topics in all, from adding and subtracting positives and negatives to solving rational equations. The left sides of the equations and the right sides of the. A quadratic equation is one of the form ax 2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are num... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9863631667229061,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8064253471780355,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744739711883,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 473.4227137751639,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5347164273262024,
"tags": nu... |
control-theory, transfer-function, feedback-loop
Title: mass-friction-spring system with closed loop My professor told us that it is possible to see the friction in a mass-friction-spring as the contribution of a closed loop control system. He wrote the following formulas:
Transfer function:
$$G(S)=\frac s {s^2+\frac ... | {
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• And could you explain why one is using this notation? After all, the fact that "For all natural numbers m, n we have m+n=n+m.m+n=n+m." has nothing to do with sets and the ∈ relation. Why should one then use them in the formulation? – user361467 Aug 15 '16 at 11:11
• @user361467, mathematically "$n$ is a natural numbe... | {
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time-complexity, number-theory
for example if n=3 we perform the following manipulations:
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
1 + d( 1 ) + d( 1 + 1 ) + d( 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 )
1 + d( 1 ) + d( 1 + d(1) ) + d( 1 + d( 1 ) + d( 1 +d( 1 ) ) )
By dynamic programming I can generate the $n^{th}$ term using the above method ... | {
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"tags": "time-complexity, number-theory",
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} |
acid-base, titration
Title: Differentiating between Titration, Buffer, diluted buffer, Deionized H₂O I had a chemistry lab where we had to titrate three solutions with $\ce{HCl}$: a buffer, a diluted buffer and deionized water. My partner and I didn't label the charts we made, so now I have to figure out which one is ... | {
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"tags": "acid-base, titration",
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For volume by rotation around z-axis I have r=√z and r=√(z^2-1) , and V=$\int∏(radius)^2$dz so:
I used V=∏$\int(z)$dz [0,$\frac{√5-1}{2}$] + ∏$\int z^2-1$dz [$\frac{√5-1}{2}$,1]
Solving this gives me an answer of V= ∏($\frac{62}{24}$- $\frac{26√5}{24}$) ≈ .5056
I forget if there's something special I need to do since... | {
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"tag... |
beginner, ruby, parsing, unit-testing, xml
Martin gives an example of a Modem interface that contains:
boolean dial(String phoneNumber);
He points out that in some applications, modems aren't connected by dailing but rather hardwiring or sending a port number, etc. The point is that using phoneNumber is the wrong lev... | {
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"tags": "beginner, ruby, parsing, unit-testing, xml",
"url": null
} |
asymptotics
Title: Lower bound on $1^k+2^k+\dots+n^k$ I calculated the worst case scenario of a time complexity of an algorithm problem using recurrence tree. (The problem cannot be solved by master theorem.)
Now I want to find a lower bound on the expression I got. Specifically, I want to prove that
$$ 1^k + 2^k + \... | {
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"tags": "asymptotics",
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} |
gazebo, ros2
ros2 service call /spawn_entity 'gazebo_msgs/SpawnEntity' '{name: "urdf_ball", xml: "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?><robot name=\"will_be_ignored\"><link name=\"link\"><visual><geometry><sphere radius=\"1.0\"/></geometry></visual><inertial><mass value=\"1\"/><inertia ixx=\"1\" ixy=\"0.0\" ixz=\"0.0\" iyy=\"1\" i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "gazebo, ros2",
"url": null
} |
1. Consider the set $$K = \bigcup \{t C' \ST t > 0 \}$$.
2. $$C' \subseteq K$$ (specifically, for $$t = 0$$).
3. $$K$$ is a convex cone containing $$C'$$ but not containing $$\bzero$$.
4. $$K$$ is relatively open since $$C'$$ is relatively open.
5. A boundary ray of $$K$$ doesn’t intersect with $$C'$$ since $$K$$ i... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8104789063814616,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9938032627105713,
"tags": ... |
performance, beginner, vba
Dim intCheck As Long
On Error GoTo BadUserInput
intCheck = CLng(userInput)
On Error GoTo 0
Dim isValidInput As Boolean
isValidInput = False
If IsWholeNumber(intCheck) Then
If intCheck >= 1 And intCheck <= 3 Then
isValidInput = True
End... | {
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lambda-calculus
The above are the rules given for substitution in the book. I have some difficulty in understanding (d).
Why is it so that $$ [N/x] ( \lambda x . p) = ( \lambda x . p) $$ ? How to justify this ? Why can't this be defined to be or equal to $$( \lambda N . p) $$ ? In the definition of substitution $[N_... | {
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algorithm-analysis, search-problem, searching
I don't want to index the whole web as if my laptop were google!
Most of the crawler's time will be spent confirming that the pages don't contain the strings.
I'm trying to get a rough ballpark to understand if this is even remotely feasible. This is not remotely feasibl... | {
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• The triangle inequality for $\lVert\,\cdot\,\rVert_r$ implies that we have the triangle inequality pointwise for all $\varphi$, so we have the triangle inequality for $\lVert\,\cdot\,\rVert_c$. Finally, write $z = \lvert z\rvert e^{i\psi}$ and use the homogeneity of $\lVert\,\cdot\,\rVert_r$ to get $$\lVert z (x,y)\r... | {
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Depends on your understanding of the term "series". If you are talking about the sequence of partial sums, then yes, two series are equal iff their respective terms are equal. If you are talking about the value of the series (suppose it converges), i.e. the limit of partial sums, then no, we can have two series with di... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933271118221,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9644871950149536,
"ta... |
general-relativity, gravity, potential-energy, mass-energy
Title: Does potential energy in gravitational field increase mass? I was just taught (comments) that any type of energy contributes to mass of the object. This must indeed include potential energy in gravitational field. But here, things cease to make sense, h... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, gravity, potential-energy, mass-energy",
"url": null
} |
materials, structural-analysis, applied-mechanics, solid-mechanics, elastic-modulus
Figure 2: A Plot of Potential Energy versus Internuclear Distance for the Interaction between Two Gaseous Hydrogen Atoms. (source: libretexts
The atoms want to settle at the lowest energy point. If you compress/pull them apart then yo... | {
"domain": "engineering.stackexchange",
"id": 4084,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "materials, structural-analysis, applied-mechanics, solid-mechanics, elastic-mod... |
file-system, email, perl, unix, status-monitoring
Which will not be parsed correctly because of the , instead of the .
As for the code itself:
You're not using a proper temp file. I understand not wanting to use external modules, but File::Temp is a core module and it will be there unless your perl environment is bro... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 25160,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "file-system, email, perl, unix, status-monitoring",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, group-theory, semiconductor-physics, electronic-band-theory
$\textrm{avoided crossing} \rightarrow \text{band gap}$
The Hamiltonian for an electron in a crystal has three parts: kinetic energy, potential energy, and electron-electron coupling.
Let's forget about electron-electron interactions entirel... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 51963,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "condensed-matter, group-theory, semiconductor-physics, electronic-band-theory",
... |
waves
The problem is with $-2.5$ value. To explain that I need to get rid of "$\pm$" in your equation and rewrite it as:
$$y(x,t)= y_0 \sin(\omega t+kx+\phi)$$
The negative factor (if any) should be included in $k$ and/or $\phi$ instead of ambiguous "$\pm$"; these values may be negative, as well as $\omega$ may be.
Fr... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 31925,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "waves",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-gravity, orbital-motion
Ps. Of course, the picture I drew and described above, with its discrete time steps, is just an approximation of the true physics, where the position, velocity and acceleration of the moon all change continuously over time. While it is indeed a valid approximation, in the sense that ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "newtonian-gravity, orbital-motion",
"url": null
} |
python, nlp, cosine-distance
In the graph above we can see that for small vector sizes the empirical distribution covers the whole range $[-1,1]$, and this range shrinks as vector sizes grows. This is important because the role of the pooling layers is to reduce the size of input vectors while retaining important info... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 10014,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, nlp, cosine-distance",
"url": null
} |
energy, enthalpy, heat
Title: calculation of enthalpy change So for for the calculation of $\Delta{H}$,we have two formulaes in our book:
$\Delta{H}=E_{2}-E_{1}$
where $E_{2},E_{1}$ are the internal energies of the product and reactants respectively.
Now this makes sense to me,But we've another formula for calculating... | {
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"id": 17584,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "energy, enthalpy, heat",
"url": null
} |
private:
stack<T> stack1;
stack<T> stack2;
public:
MyQueue()
{
stack1 = new stack<T>();
stack2 = new stack<T>();
}
// enqueue(): Add an element at the rear side of MyQueue
void enqueue(T, e)
{
stack1.push(e);
}
// dequeue(): Remove the front element from MyQueue
T dequeue(T, e)
{
if((__I__).isEmpty())
while(!(__II__... | {
"domain": "eecsmt.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9854964177527898,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8712175423026254,
"lm_q2_score": 0.884039278690883,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 925.3434884990481,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3205425441265106,
"tags": null... |
2. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. This is a Higher tier GCSE topic. Open full screen. Recalling that outcomes in this sample space are equally likely, we apply the definition of conditional probability ( Definition 2.1.1 ) and find About This Quiz & Worksheet. The pr... | {
"domain": "nazwa.pl",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9879462219033656,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8416835519445787,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8519528019683106,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 734.3726222812164,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6683628559112549,
"tags": n... |
Hide
Gradient descent is a general method that is used in many applications, including machine learning.
The goal is to minimize a function $f(x)$ by changing $x$, where $x$ is usually a scalar or a vector. In machine learning, $x$ often represents the parameters of the learning model, and $f$ represents the error fu... | {
"domain": "kattis.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9919380079950703,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.803944825106826,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8104788995148792,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 428.8674974883189,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8269500732421875,
"tags": null... |
ros, camera, resolution, video, usb-cam
Title: how to increase the resolution of logitech c920 to detect aruco markers more stably
I am using logitech c920(about 12ft above ground) to detect an aruco marker using the aruco_ros library. The resolution is set to 640x480 but at this resolution the aruco marker is not be... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 29302,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, camera, resolution, video, usb-cam",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, feature-selection, decision-trees, logistic-regression, explainable-ai
Title: Why continuous features are more important than categorical features in decision tree models? I have both categorical and continuous features in my prediction model and want to select (and rank) most important features.
I h... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 8836,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"tags": "machine-learning, feature-selection, decision-trees, logistic-regression, expla... |
The above proof is copied directly from the book. I have the following questions about his method:
1. Is the domain of $$f$$ the set $$M\times M$$?
2. In the proof, are we specifically considering $$(t, \alpha)$$ and $$(t_1, \alpha_1)$$ such that $$T (t, \alpha) =(t_1,\alpha_1)$$?
3. I am having a hard time understand... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9777138170582865,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8016210430366753,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933359135361,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 73.17072428447379,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9348531365394592,
"tag... |
and
$\frac{F_{n+2}}{F_{n+1}} =\frac{F_{n+1}}{F_{n+1}}+\frac{F_{n}}{F_{n+1}} =1+\frac{F_{n}}{F_{n+1}} \lt 1 + 1 =2$.
I think I have an interesting proof for the summability of the reciprocals of the FN. It is based on the Kummer's test and the fact that $F_{n-1}\geq 2 F_{n}$, $n\geq 2$. First note that $(1/F_n)$ is su... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9884918512747192,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8623082598684911,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473630627235,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 147.92625183512038,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9272570013999939,
"ta... |
everyday-chemistry, extraction, green-chemistry
Title: Phosphate extraction from sewage I read that phosphate reserves will exhaust in coming years wiki, why don't we extract it from sewage , is it really that difficult to extract phosphate ? The idea has been proposed by several journal articles and Wikipedia sugges... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 8287,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "everyday-chemistry, extraction, green-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
c++, recursion, template, c++20, constrained-templates
What changes has been made in the code since last question?
I am trying to implement recursive_all_of template function with unwrap level in this post.
Why a new review is being asked for?
Please review the revised recursive_all_of template function and its tests... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 45381,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, recursion, template, c++20, constrained-templates",
"url": null
} |
stim
Plotting the results (requires latest sinter dev version):
sinter plot \
--in stats.csv \
--group_func "f'''p={m.p} b={m.b} rot={m.rot}'''" \
--x_func "m.d" \
--xaxis "Distance" \
--show \
--plot_args_func "{'color': ('black' if 'un' in m.rot else 'red'), 'marker': 'x' if m.b == 'x' else '... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 4909,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "stim",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, operators
Title: Why is $\hat{p} \circ \hat{p}$ the operator corresponding to $p^2$? I understand from several heuristic arguments that in one dimension, the quantum-mechanical operator $\hat{p} = -i\hbar\,\partial_x$ corresponds to the classical momentum $p$, in the sense that a particle described ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 16546,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators",
"url": null
} |
graphs, runtime-analysis
Title: DFS vs. Union Find for computing connected components of a static graph According to CLRS,
When the edges of the graph are static—not changing over time—we can
compute the connected components faster by using depth-first search. | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 11506,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "graphs, runtime-analysis",
"url": null
} |
digital-circuits, modular-arithmetic
Title: $n \pmod k$ circuit I wondered if, for a fixed integer $k ≥ 3$, how can I construct a circuit for each $n \in \mathbb{N}$, that takes as input an n-bit integer $x$ and outputs whether 3 divides $k$?
Considering an n-bit integer as input:
e.g. $\ldots10101110$, where $a_0$ is... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 21372,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "digital-circuits, modular-arithmetic",
"url": null
} |
relativity
Title: Photons inside a box One of my friends told me that the definition of mass is the amount of matter. I told him that mass is not the amount of matter, because when we heat an object, the mass of the object increases.
I gave an example: Photons moving around inside a closed massless box having walls o... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 16475,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "relativity",
"url": null
} |
java
(Fighter: 7+0)
as index 0: (53585 wins, 0 draws, 26415 losses (66,98 %))
vs. (Fighter: 9+0): 3428 wins, 0 draws, 6572 losses (34,28 %)
vs. (Fighter: 3+2): 5694 wins, 0 draws, 4306 losses (56,94 %)
vs. (Fighter: 4+0): 7839 wins, 0 draws, 2161 losses (78,39 %)
vs. (Fighter: 5+0): 7178 wins, 0 draws, 2822 losses (71... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 28193,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, complexity-theory, hash, rolling-hash
Let $m=4, \beta= 10, d = 113$.
Pattern: $bbbb$
$$\begin{aligned}
H(bbbb) &= (2*10^3 + 2*10^2 + 2*10^1 + 2*10^0)\m113\\
&= (2000 + 200 + 20 + 2)\m113\\
&= 2222 \m113 \\
&= 75
\end{aligned}
$$
String = $aabbaabbabbabababbbbbbaaaa$
$$\begin{al... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 20373,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, complexity-theory, hash, rolling-hash",
"url": null
} |
c++, object-oriented, queue
should be
bool isEmpty() const
being const correct allows you to get compile time errors if you unintentionally modify something you didn't intend to. It's a good habit.
Construct objects as close as possible to their final state
Your node class should have a constructor that initialises t... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 13211,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, object-oriented, queue",
"url": null
} |
c++, reinventing-the-wheel, memory-management, c++20
Okay, let’s start at the top.
Never pass view types like std::span by const&. That’s just silly. The whole point of std::span is that it’s a cheap view of a span of data. It’s meant to be copied around. (Hopefully it will be passed in registers, but even if not, it ... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 41951,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, reinventing-the-wheel, memory-management, c++20",
"url": null
} |
gazebo
Title: Error building nav2 from sources in ros2 rolling and under arm64
Hi all,
I am having problems compiling Nav2 sources in the main branch.
Machine: Mac m1 using arm64 architecture
OS: VM Ubuntu 22.04
Ros versión: ROS2 rolling
I am following the directions explained in:
https://navigation.ros.org/build_ins... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 37999,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"tags": "gazebo",
"url": null
} |
the event you seek help on exam review or perhaps intermediate algebra syllabus, Polymathlove. Then, invoking the Intermediate Value Theorem, there is a root in the interval $[-2,-1]$. We find the the two roots by multiplying 2 by the square roots of unity. What is an “nth Root?” Extends the concept of square roots. It... | {
"domain": "cbeu.pw",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9905874095787602,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8624026879101964,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8705972633721708,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 415.6410076463367,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6347075700759888,
"tags": nu... |
python, parsing, numpy, scipy
+0.000000000000000e+00, +0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00, +0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00, +0.000000000000000e+00, +0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000000000000e+00,+0.000000... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 34100,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, parsing, numpy, scipy",
"url": null
} |
strings, scala
o.startRank.map(x => s"rank[0]=$x&").getOrElse("")
You could notice that url parameters have a pattern key=value joined with &. To leverage this pattern url builder could be split into separate steps:
create a map Map[String,String] of parameters i.e.
Map(
"rank[0]" -> o.startRank.fold("")(_.toStrin... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 21231,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "strings, scala",
"url": null
} |
physical-chemistry, quantum-chemistry
Title: Wave function for particle in a infinite well located at -L and +L The wave function for a particle in a infinite potential well located at $0$ and $L$ is $$\psi_n=\sqrt{\frac2L}\sin\frac{n\pi x}L$$
I want to find our wave function for the same situation where the walls ar... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 571,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "physical-chemistry, quantum-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
c#, .net, mysql, database, wpf
return canAddItemToTable;
}
protected bool _addParametersInOrder(MySqlCommand cmd, DataTableItemBaseModel NewDataItem)
{
foreach (MySqlParameter parameter in _addItemStoredProcedureParameters)
{
if (!NewDataItem.AddParamete... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 35353,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, .net, mysql, database, wpf",
"url": null
} |
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