text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
Technically speaking, the problem is that your "basis" functions are poorly chosen if you try to use cosines (even harmonics with respect to reflection about 0) to approximate sines (odd harmonics with respect to 0)
Your transform result has two large-ish cosine waves with a difference frequency of 2, i.e. approximate... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.845942439250491,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7472839951515198,
"tag... |
machine-learning, classification, r, dataset, training
Title: How much data should I allocate for my training and and test sets? (in R) I have a matrix of 358.367 data.
Each row is a DNA sequence from the human genome.
I want to build a classification model in R, using XGBoost algorithm and 83 features (dinucleotides,... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, classification, r, dataset, training",
"url": null
} |
A classic way to solve such a question is to set $x = re^{\theta i}$ where $r\geq 0$ is the magnitude of $x$, and $\theta$ is its argument. Then $$x^3 = \left(re^{\theta i}\right)^3 = r^3e^{3\theta i} = 8$$
Then $r^3 = |8| = 8$ so $r = 2$, i.e. $x = 2e^{3\theta i}$. Now solve $$e^{3\theta i} = \cos 3\theta + i\sin 3\t... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 179.24482946899556,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9565030932426453,
"tag... |
explosions
Title: What will happen to you if you're standing near exploding TNT bomb near 20meter away in Vaccum? What I think here could be ,that we'll feel less powerful shock wave as there is no medium of air through which gases can travel . If their is any other possibilities than please suggest ! You'll want to a... | {
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"tags": "explosions",
"url": null
} |
side and angle to angle three of! Plane-Triangle congruence Theorem angle-angle-side ( AAS ) does not imply congruence the most,. How to prove base angles of a triangle on another in Maths is when two triangles are said to congruent! Size and shape geometry, side-side-angle ( SSA ) does not imply congruence Questions t... | {
"domain": "tubasenergy.com",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9553191297273498,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.813886807549648,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8519528000888386,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 2544.884598884568,
"openwebmath_score": 0.36254268884658813,
"t... |
cmake
add_executable(sojourner src/sojourner.cpp)
...
target_link_libraries(sojourner ${catkin_LIBRARIES} ${mraa_LIBRARIES})
...
I also wouldn't bother with adding anything to the catkin_package(..) statement for now. Get your binary to compile and link successfully. Afterwards, we can deal with the rest. Auto-detec... | {
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"tags": "cmake",
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} |
homework-and-exercises, forces, kinematics, projectile, drag
Title: Distance travelled by an object slowed only by drag? Let's say I throw an object horizontally off a cliff with a fixed height, and I know the time it takes to fall. I wanted to know how far it travels, but it has an acceleration opposite the direction... | {
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"id": 40732,
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, forces, kinematics, projectile, drag",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, vc-dimension
Title: Do I have the right definition of VC dimension? I am having some trouble understanding the notion of the VC dimension. The definition I have is the following:
The VC dimension of a set of hypothesis functions $H$ is the cardinality of the largest set which $H$ can shatter. We say... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, vc-dimension",
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} |
navigation, ros2, nav2
Picture of the 2 wheels robot:
Picture of the 4 wheels robot :
The simulation software is called Isaac Sim (from Nvidia Omniverse) and the turtlebot3 worked during the simulation. Of course the two other simulated robots could have been misconceived but the real robot (which looks like the 4 w... | {
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"tags": "navigation, ros2, nav2",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, metric-tensor, tensor-calculus, definition, conventions
To derive that relative sign difference, let's examine a more general case. For a general spacetime, notice how the product $g^{\mu \alpha} g^{\nu \beta} g^{\rho \gamma} g^{\sigma \delta}$ (assuming that the indices $\mu$, $\nu$, $\rho$ and $\... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, metric-tensor, tensor-calculus, definition, conventions",
"u... |
ros, ros-melodic, static-transform-publisher, turtlebot3
<!-- Create robots -->
<param name="robot_description"
command="$(find xacro)/xacro.py $(find deploy)/param/models/$(arg model).urdf.xacro" />
<group ns="$(arg namespace)">
<param name="tf_prefix" value="$(arg namespace)"/>
<node name="spawn_ur... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, static-transform-publisher, turtlebot3",
"url": null
} |
gauge-theory, representation-theory, wilson-loop
Title: What is a non-linear space of connections In the book "Loops Knots Gauge Theory and Quantum Gravity" when trying to define a loop representation, one needs to integrate over the space of connections (modulo Gauge transformations). There, they say this space is no... | {
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"tags": "gauge-theory, representation-theory, wilson-loop",
"url": null
} |
spectroscopy, fluorescence
Title: What are the requirements for FRET? I have a question about fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and the requirements needed for this technique.
Q: Which of the following need to be met for FRET?
A) Strong overlap between the donor emission spectrum and the acceptor absorp... | {
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"tags": "spectroscopy, fluorescence",
"url": null
} |
proteins
The returned dictionary contains a start and end of the uniprot <--> PDB. It does not however, say where the missing density residues are. But in deposited structures the PDB numbering skips where these residues ought to be... So might not be an important problem.
Another database of interest is SIFTS.
To mak... | {
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Here is another approach:
Assume for the moment that the first appearance of the four digits is in increasing order. The places of their first appearance can be distributed in six ways, see the following figure. The places for the prospective second appearances have been marked by empty boxes, next to which is written... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9828232904845686,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8166680335998535,
"tag... |
time-complexity, space-complexity
return ret;
}
var restoreIpAddresses = function(s) {
return breakString(s, 4);
}; The time complexity here is exponential in s or parts, whichever is smaller.
You have a recursive function, and it calls itself three times (after removing 1, 2, or 3 characters from the beginning)... | {
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"tags": "time-complexity, space-complexity",
"url": null
} |
= 'lim s X(s) S-00 12. By the time-shift property of convolution, y(t-t0) = f(t-t0)*g(t) = f(t)*g(t-t0). Thus, this corresponds to a time shift of 7/32. Next we will look the Frequency-Shift Property, which is the Inverse of the Second Translation Theorem, and see how we can take our function and reverse translate into... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.97631052387569,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8177771852106597,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199633332891,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7958521246910095,
... |
c#, performance, asp.net, database
#region "Delete SubRoutine"
// This is the Delete Sub. It deletes the currently loaded record
public void Delete()
{
// This variable holds the name of the stored procedure that
// is called to retrieve the record
string storedProcedure = "spCat_Ta... | {
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algorithms, graphs
and so $\sum_{i = 1}^{k - 1} w(v_i, v_{i+1}) + w(v_k, v_1) \geq 0$. This is a contradiction, thus it must be that there is an edge on the cycle that still can be relaxed. Note that a simple path is of at most length $|V| - 1$, and if an edge can still be relaxed after $|V| - 1$ iterations, it must b... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, graphs",
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} |
# Rationalizing an expression; when to stop, what is the higher level purpose?
I'm reviewing Algebra in an attempt to review Calculus and came upon a question in the Algebra Diagnostic that asked to rationalize an expression and simplify.
To my understanding, rationalization is the process of rewriting a given expres... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9764858484268188,
"ta... |
algorithms, optimization
$$...$$
The root node is $1^n$, and child nodes are created by changing a single $1$ to a $0$ so that all children are binary subsets of their parents. Iterating from the root node, when we reach a node $x$ for which $T$ is true, we could skip calculating $f$ or $T$ for all of its child nodes ... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, optimization",
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} |
homework-and-exercises, special-relativity, inertial-frames, observers
But in a different frame $S'$, event $B$ is not simultaneous with $A$! Instead, there is another event $B'$, on the same worldline as $B$, that is simultaneous with $A$ in the frame $S'$. And in the frame $S'$, the length of the object is the spa... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, special-relativity, inertial-frames, observers",
"url": ... |
java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded
Title: Add a value to each of the array element between two given indices successively I am trying to solve the HackerRank: Array Manipulation problem using Java.
The problem that I am facing is that the program is running for half of the test cases, while for the other... | {
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"tags": "java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, classical-mechanics, classical-electrodynamics, thermal-radiation
Title: What is "power per unit frequency" in black body radiation? What is the meaning of power radiated by a black body per unit frequency?
If you have a black body with a frequency filter around it set to 530nm and you calculate the... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, classical-mechanics, classical-electrodynamics, thermal-radiati... |
nuclear-physics, mass-energy
Title: Why does mass change in to energy during a nuclear change? I have been doing some research on nuclear changes and I have found that the energy released during a nuclear change comes from a minuscule amount of mass that is converted in to energy. After making some more research it se... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 11912,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nuclear-physics, mass-energy",
"url": null
} |
protein-structure, homework
Title: How can I draw a diagram of hydrogen bonds only on the basis of C-alpha backbone? We are working on an algorithm to assign proteins only on the basis of alpha-carbons.
My teacher told me to draw a diagram to represent hydrogen bonds only on the basis of alpha-carbons.
I showed him th... | {
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"tags": "protein-structure, homework",
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} |
$\Vert A\mathbf{x}\Vert = \Vert\lambda\mathbf{x}\Vert = |\lambda|\,\Vert\mathbf{x}\Vert = |\lambda|.$
V = np.array([[2,1],[.1,1]])
L = np.array([[1.2,0],
[0,0.7]])
A = V @ L @ np.linalg.inv(V)
#
ax = dm.plotSetup(-1.5,1.5,-1.5, 1.5, size=(9,6))
ut.centerAxes(ax)
theta = [2 * np.pi * f for f in np.array(range(360))/360.... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.891132116317749,
"tags": null,
... |
complexity-theory, np-complete
I should note that it isn't explicitly stated in the problem, but I'm assuming that a speaker can only give at most one talk. (But if this seems to prevent the problem from being NP-complete, let me know.)
At first I tried solving some graph-based problems (e.g., Independent Set) using L... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, np-complete",
"url": null
} |
python
Title: .imag Function for Complex Numbers I learnt a function to display the imaginary part of a complex number & that is .imag
But when I was practising it, look what I found:
print(5-5j.imag) #>>>0.0
print((5-5j).imag)#>>>-5.0
print(2+4j.imag) #>>>6.0
print((2+4j).imag)#>>>4.0
What's happening with the out... | {
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"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
c++, tree
for (unsigned char c : str) {
auto &children = node->children;
children.resize(size);
if (children[c] == nullptr)
children[c] = new Node;
node = children[c];
}
}
Node's destructor would look something like this:
~Node() {
for (auto n : children)
d... | {
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"tags": "c++, tree",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, angular-momentum, operators
$$\langle \alpha | A \beta \rangle = \langle A^\dagger \alpha | \beta\rangle $$
With respect to the lowering operator,
$$\langle \alpha | L_- \beta\rangle =\langle \alpha|(L_x-iL_y)\beta\rangle= \langle \alpha|L_x\beta\rangle -i\langle\alpha|L_y \beta\rangle$$
We know tha... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, angular-momentum, operators",
"url": null
} |
openni, ros-fuerte, openni-launch, openni-camera
Title: No registered depth image in Fuerte
I am using the /camera/depth_registered/image_rect message from a kinect using openni_launch, but he message is not sent in Fuerte. I tried setting depth_registration:
roslaunch openni_launch openni.launch depth_registration:=... | {
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"tags": "openni, ros-fuerte, openni-launch, openni-camera",
"url": null
} |
java, design-patterns, dynamic-loading
Title: I command thee: do SOMETHING I am currenly contributing to a Chat-Bot to be used across the whole SE-Network's chat which is implemented in Java 8.
This bot is supposed to have commands. These commands again are supposed to be as flexible as possible, and based on chat mes... | {
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"tags": "java, design-patterns, dynamic-loading",
"url": null
} |
automata-theory, dfa
Then for any accessible deterministic multi-automaton $\mathcal{A}$ accepting $\mathcal{L}$, there is a morphism from $\mathcal{A}$ onto $\mathcal{A}_\mathcal{L}$. To prove this, one first verifies that if $q_- \cdot u_1 = q_- \cdot u_2 = q$, then $u_1 \sim u_2$. Now $f$ is defined by $f(q) = [u]... | {
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"tags": "automata-theory, dfa",
"url": null
} |
python, game, python-3.x
Next, I'd usually tell you to split this up into functions. But maybe these kids don't know functions yet, and it's remarkably frustrating to be shown "the solution" when "the solution" consists of "this magic trick I didn't teach you yet, haha".
Use comments instead, and be sure to teach them... | {
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"tags": "python, game, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, resource-recommendations, computational-physics, simulations, software
Title: Is there a powerful interactive tool for visualizing Lorentz transformations of worldlines? This Geogebra demonstration is pretty amazing for obtaining a more intuitive understanding of Lorentz transformations. However, i... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
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"tags": "special-relativity, resource-recommendations, computational-physics, simulations, ... |
fft, frequency-spectrum
$$
With this condition, the numerator is always zero. The denominator will be zero if $$ \frac{k}{N}-\left.\frac{f_0}{f_s}\right\vert_{k=k_0}=0 \mbox{, or } k_0=N\frac{f_0}{f_s}$$
At that particular $k_0$, you will need to use L'Hospital's Rule.
This will give you the complete DFT as $$X_N[k]=\... | {
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"tags": "fft, frequency-spectrum",
"url": null
} |
quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, integration, regularization, dimensional-regularization
$$\sim -\frac{gm^2}{\epsilon},$$
where you should take into account that 2nd power divergence of regularization with hard cut-off $\Lambda$ transforms into pole $1/\epsilon$ (coeffcients are different, in general!). Simil... | {
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"tags": "quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, integration, regularization, dimensional... |
neuroscience, pharmacology, synapses, neuroplasticity
So it is saying that the standard use of VPA is to increase GABA levels (which keeps firing rate down -- it is used as an antiepileptic), however it also acts as an HDAC inhibitor, which means it causes unwrapping of chromatin and consequently increased mRNA transc... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 3907,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "neuroscience, pharmacology, synapses, neuroplasticity",
"url": null
} |
condensed-matter, hamiltonian, superconductivity, lattice-model, spin-models
$$
where $H_0$ is the quadratic part. This Hamiltonian conserves the particle number and will not mix different Hilbert spaces. Then one writes $c^{\dagger}_{i\uparrow}c^{\dagger}_{i\downarrow}=\langle c^{\dagger}_{i\uparrow}c^{\dagger}_{i\do... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "condensed-matter, hamiltonian, superconductivity, lattice-model, spin-models",
"... |
dataset, class-imbalance, binary, features, self-study
Also note that your dataset is not extremely imbalanced so depending on the differences in misclassification cost of your classes you may or may not benefit from sampling techniques.
As a side note: ROC Curves can have some caveats when used on imbalanced datasets... | {
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"tags": "dataset, class-imbalance, binary, features, self-study",
"url": null
} |
oxidation-state, electronegativity
Other sources stating the oxidation state to be 0:
Yahoo Answers!
Answers.com Until the (recent) redefinition of the IUPAC, the concept of oxidation states was not as well defined as one would expect. I have discussed the issues of the old version and outlined the new definition in ... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 11032,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "oxidation-state, electronegativity",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, work, inertial-frames, coordinate-systems, galilean-relativity
Title: Shouldn't work be the same in all coordinates? We know that the work done by a force $\mathbf{F}$, along a path $\mathbf{x}$, is given by:
\begin{equation} W = \mathbf{F}^T \cdot \mathbf{x}
\end{equation}
However, suppose that ... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, work, inertial-frames, coordinate-systems, galilean-relativit... |
javascript, beginner
return str;
}
/**
* @brief Moves the active class to the given element
*/
function setActiveClass(element) {
if (element) {
if (element.className.indexOf(linkName) > -1) {
var recordList = document.getElementById(listName);
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 16988,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, beginner",
"url": null
} |
dynamic-programming, divide-and-conquer
Title: Is the terminology of the word optimal substructure same for divide-conquer and dynamic programming technique? why do we use the word optimal in case of optimal sub-structure , I guess in case of divide and conquer also we have sub-problems and they too when merged togeth... | {
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"tags": "dynamic-programming, divide-and-conquer",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, torque
NOTES:
Standard beam theory means using statics to derive the internal shear forces $S(x)$ and moments $M(x)$ along the beam. Then find the deformation shape that fits the boundary conditions $y(b)=0$ and $y'(0)=0$ and obeys the equation $$M(x) = E I \frac{{\rm d}^2y}{{... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, torque",
"url": null
} |
# Which of these variables affect y more?
I have two equations:
1: $\displaystyle y=\frac{0.0029}{\sqrt{k}}$
2: $\displaystyle y=\frac{0.0060}{\sqrt{m}}$
Which variable has a greater effect on $y$? i.e., does doubling $m$ have a greater effect on $y$ than doubling $k$? How do I describe/prove that?
Thanks!
(I ask... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339676722393,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 174.31012159002103,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9257038831710815,
"ta... |
objective-c, ios
Title: Repeatedly check URL for change on iOS I am wanting to constantly check a URL http://www.example.co.uk/untitled.php which will either return 1 or 0 on my app.
Is the most efficient way to do it by repeatedly requesting the URL every second like this?
Function to return content of URL
-(void)ge... | {
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"tags": "objective-c, ios",
"url": null
} |
Rotate (unit vector) S of S point MG road-map equation θ Draw ··· ( = (20. Assume the displacement angles of the pendulums are small enough to ensure that the spring is always horizontal. The simple kind of pendulum is known as simple pendulum, pwhich swings in small angle regime and has well known periode T0 = 2π l/g ... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9883127416600689,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.805704663296758,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324960856175,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 583.3157359183502,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8068075776100159,
"tags": ... |
javascript, object-oriented, calculator
Operands & Randomizer
For Operands I added two smart getters and setters x and y. These allow you to directly set x and y which will automatically set the input. Also, this allows you to always get the most recent values in the inputs.
inherit_to_from(Operands, Base);
function O... | {
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"tags": "javascript, object-oriented, calculator",
"url": null
} |
programming, qiskit
I have an error at import any library. I received the ImportError: DLL load failed: message. All libs are installed correctly. I found in my folders needed file at \Python\Libs\site-packages\qiskit_aqua\input\svminput.py.
That's my debug log:
Warning (from warnings module):
File "D:\QASM\Python36... | {
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"tags": "programming, qiskit",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, quantum-gravity, quantization, loop-quantum-gravity, adm-formalism
Title: Is Loop quantum gravity an unadulterated quantisation of general relativity, or does it have additional assumptions? I was reading this Phys.SE answer written by user346. At the end of point 3, they say they've only made a ch... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, quantum-gravity, quantization, loop-quantum-gravity, adm-forma... |
complexity-theory, terminology, turing-machines, space-complexity
Title: Space bounded Turing Machine - clarification on Computational Complexity (book: Arora-Barak ) question 4.1 I have the following question from Computational Complexity - A modern Approach by Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak:
[Q 4.1]
Prove the exist... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, terminology, turing-machines, space-complexity",
"url": null
} |
c++, object-oriented
return "Unable to get name";
}
const inline std::map<unsigned int,System> GetSystemArray() { return m_Systems; }
};
Now I'm trying to access my systems via the Array, which is fine:
SystemArray newGalaxy("Milky Way");
newGalaxy.CreateNewSystem("Sol");
newGalaxy.CreateNewSystem("Tol");
ne... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
Fractional Knapsack Problem Example & Algorithm. The approximate knapsack with small multipliers variant is used, for example, to find a minimal polynomial given an approximation to a root [Lenstra 1984]. The knapsack problem asks, given a set of items of various weights, find a subset or subsets of items such that the... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5280691385269165,
"ta... |
we need to simplify each radical separately from each The above expressions are simplified by first transforming the unlike radicals to like radicals and then adding/subtracting When it is not obvious to obtain a common radicand from 2 different radicands, decompose them into prime numbers. Yes, you are right there is ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8558511469672594,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1167.2609355511377,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8289449214935303,
... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, friction
Title: Application of Newton's laws : A system of three blocks
This is a question from my physics coursebook. Everything in the picture should be self-explanatory. Pulley and string are massless. There is friction between contact surfaces of block A and block C ($... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, friction",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x
def hangman(secret_word):
guessed_chars = set()
correct_chars = set()
warnings_left = 3
guesses_left = 10
game_start_msg(secret_word)
while not is_word_guessed(secret_word, correct_chars) and guesses_left > 0:
guess_start_msg(guesses_left, secret_word, guessed_chars)
... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
constellations
The hand method used by Nainoa Thompson to find the altitude of the Polaris. Journal of the Polynesian Society
In Hawai'i, the “North Star”, Polaris, is Hokupa'a, meaning “fixed star”. It lies close to the north celestial pole. The altitude of Hokupa'a indicates your northerly latitude.
In the film, we ... | {
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"tags": "constellations",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, work
In the general case of rectilinear motion, when the net force F is not constant in magnitude, but is constant in direction, and parallel to the velocity of the particle, the work must be integrated along the path of the particle:
$W = \int_{t_1}^{t_2} \mathbf{F}\cdot \mathbf{v}dt = ... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, work",
"url": null
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By adding the first and the third equation we get $5x_2=0$ which implies $x_2=0$. If we now plug $x_2=0$ into remaining equations, we see, that they are all multiples of $x_1-x_2=0$.
Hence all solutions are of the form $(x_1,0,x_1)$. I.e., the solutions form the subspace $\{(x_1,0,x_1); x_1\in\mathbb R\}$.
Every vector... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9063606858253479,
"tags... |
It follows \begin{align*} f(s)&=\frac{1}{1-ds-\text{weight}(\mathcal{C})}\\ &=\frac{1}{1-as+a\frac{s^c(1-s)}{1-s^c}}\\ &=\frac{1-s^c}{1-as+(a-1)s^{c}} \end{align*} and we conclude \begin{align*} S(a,b,c)=[s^b]\frac{1-s^c}{1-as+(a-1)s^{c}} \end{align*}
Example: $a=2,c=3$
In the special case with a binary alphabet $a=2... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 229.7268962563084,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8969893455505371,
"tags... |
homework-and-exercises, energy, hydrogen
Considering how as n approaches infinity, the energy level differences approach 0, this seems likely since we have such fine control.
As for n tending to infinity $\frac{1}{n^2}$ tends to zero hence it might seem that varying $n_2$ at very large value does not changes the ener... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, energy, hydrogen",
"url": null
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Suppose I have a mystery quadratic $$p(x) = -2x^2 + x + 1$$, and want to factorise it using the quadratic formula. I can find the roots easily enough:
$$x = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 8}}{-4}$$ and so the roots are $$-\frac{1}{2}$$ and $$1$$, and so I think that the polynomial should factorise as $$p(x) = (x - 1)(x+\frac{... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 153.99446927402442,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8550497889518738,
"tag... |
2.7k views
The minimum number of cards to be dealt from an arbitrarily shuffled deck of $52$ cards to guarantee that three cards are from same suit is
1. $3$
2. $8$
3. $9$
4. $12$
edited | 2.7k views
+14
use pigeonhole principle Answer is 2*4+1=9
0
Please re tag this to pigeon hole. I was looking in the GO book under... | {
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"tags":... |
That's for the theory. Let's call this part the row/column vector convention issue.
• Computer: then comes the point when you decide to implement this in C++, say. The good thing about this is that C++ doesn't impose anything about anything. You can map the values of your matrix's coefficients in memory the way you wa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6864959001541138,
"tags... |
symmetry, group-theory, metric-tensor, group-representations, anti-de-sitter-spacetime
Title: Symmetries of AdS$_3$, $SO(2,2)$ and $SL(2,\mathbb{R})\times SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ Basically, I want to know how one can see the $SL(2,\mathbb{R})\times SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ symmetry of AdS$_3$ explicitly.
AdS$_3$ can be defined as ... | {
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"tags": "symmetry, group-theory, metric-tensor, group-representations, anti-de-sitter-space... |
ros, husky, begginer-tutorials, roscpp, ros-indigo
And here are my files:
drive.cpp:
#include <ros/ros.h>
//#include "std_msgs/String.h"
#include <geometry_msgs/Twist.h>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
/*** Make the Husky drive forwards and backwards three times, and then come to a halt ***/ | {
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} |
You have overcomplicated your derivation by trying to derive within the integral. Start with the differential forms first then integrate at the end
$$W = Fdx$$ $$W = m \frac{dv}{dt} dx$$ $$W = m \frac {dx}{dt} dv$$ $$W = mvdv$$
We start with the definition of work: $$W = \int_{x_{i}}^{x_{f}} F\cdot dx$$ From Newton's... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 573.3589443833455,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9984861016273499,
"tag... |
particle-physics, antimatter
Title: Can antimatter exists in the form of compound? I just found an article describing the cooling of the antimatter, "Laser cooling of antihydrogen atoms". Naturally, if there's something, one turned to be like to hold it.
Once the antihydrogen had formed with $e^+ e^-$ pair, the $\bar ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "particle-physics, antimatter",
"url": null
} |
performance, rust, cryptography
Title: SHA256 hash bruteforcer I made a SHA256 hash bruteforcer as my first program in Rust. It's very specific to what I'm trying to bruteforce and I'll probably never find it.
I translated it from Python to make it faster, but can I make it even faster than this?
// Disable snake cas... | {
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"id": 36435,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "performance, rust, cryptography",
"url": null
} |
rosbag
Title: "No module named rosbag" error
I followed guide at http://www.ros.org/doc/api/rosbag/html/c++/
I runned the example usage read bag file by Python,
import rosbag
bag = rosbag.Bag('test.bag')
for topic, msg, t in bag.read_messages('numbers'):
print msg.data
bag.close();
when i run the code it tells me... | {
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Suppose instead $$M \neq 0$$. Fix an arbitrary $$\varepsilon > 0$$ and let $$\delta_1$$ be such that it satisfies $$|f(x) - L| < \varepsilon_1 = \frac{\varepsilon}{3|M|}$$. Moreover, let $$\delta_2$$ be such that it satisfies $$|g(x) - M| < \varepsilon_2 = \min(\frac{\varepsilon}{3\varepsilon_1}, \frac{\varepsilon}{3|L... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 202.05192180675851,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9969805479049683,
"ta... |
Exercise 2.E
Like Exercise 2.B, this exercise is also to show a certain space is not $\sigma$-compact. In this case, the suggested space is $\mathbb{R}^{\omega}$, the product of countably many copies of the real line. The hints given use a Baire category argument, as outlined in Fact E.1 through Fact E.4. The product s... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8372580846858609,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711794579723,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 128.38624810648136,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9707801342010498,
"tags":... |
Determine the moment of inertia of this system about an axis passing through one corner of the triangle and perpendicular to the plane of the triangle. Insert the moment of inertia block into the drawing. b) Determine the moment of inertia for a composite area Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area Relates the moment of ine... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9901401449874105,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8654589603563371,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8740772351648677,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 395.8218896476916,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6235755681991577,
"tags... |
quantum-field-theory, classical-mechanics, particle-physics
Title: How do we extract the classical description of a particle from the QFT description? I'm coming off this post.
The free field QFT of an elementary particle moving at a relativistic speed can be approximated by the model of a classical particle.
The QFT ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, classical-mechanics, particle-physics",
"url": null
} |
mechanical-engineering, technical-drawing
Title: surface roughness define how rough surface has to atleast be Surface roughness standards generally say that the thing you specify is the maximum your willing to accept. But manufacturer could make a finer job if they wished.
I however have a situation where the surface ... | {
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"tags": "mechanical-engineering, technical-drawing",
"url": null
} |
string-theory, mathematical-physics, conformal-field-theory, singularities, quantum-anomalies
The $TT$ OPE becomes
$$ \begin{align}
{\cal R}T_{zz}(z,\bar{z}) &T_{ww}(w,\bar{w})\cr
~\stackrel{(4.23)+(4.25)}{=}&~\frac{c}{2}\frac{(\bar{z}-\bar{w})^4}{(|z-w|^2+\varepsilon)^4} \cr
&-\frac{2}{\alpha^{\prime}} \frac{(\bar{... | {
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"id": 53921,
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"tags": "string-theory, mathematical-physics, conformal-field-theory, singularities, quantu... |
Hence, $$S_n=\dfrac{2n(2n-2)...2}{(2n+1)(2n-1)...3.1}=\dfrac{(2n)!!}{(2n+1)!!}$$
• As stated, you divide by zero since you sum to $k=n$ and $n-k$ is in the denominator. – Julian Kuelshammer Nov 29 '12 at 7:36
• Wah! Thanks for pointing out errors in my solution. – hxthanh Dec 1 '12 at 12:12
• Fix this problem as follo... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 1355.114497005677,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9908252954483032,
"tags... |
quantum-gate, quantum-circuit, unitarity, universal-gates
Title: Arbitrary two qubit unitaries using SWAP gate instead of CNOT gate An arbitrary two qubit gate can be constructed using local operations with CNOT gate. Are there other ways to implement these gates in this manner? In particular, can I decompose a two qu... | {
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"url": null
... |
rust, to-do-list
// NOTE 6) The compiler told me to write `let _` but I'm not sure what that means, it just gets rid of the error.
fn read_user_input() -> Result<String, String> {
let mut buffer = String::new();
let _ = io::stdin().read_line(&mut buffer);
Ok(buffer.trim().to_owned())
}
/*
|---------------... | {
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"tags": "rust, to-do-list",
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} |
catkin, cmake
Original comments
Comment by dejanpan on 2013-03-19:
Great answer, thx a lot Will.
Comment by William on 2013-03-19:
This seems to be a common misunderstanding surrounding catkin and chaining dependencies. I might post it in the wiki, or rework it as a tutorial.
Comment by Javier V. Gómez on 2016-01-26:
... | {
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"tags": "catkin, cmake",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, datetime, pandas
Title: Processing large time-series data I am currently processing some large time-series data with pandas, and I have a function that is intolerably slow, and I'm sure it could be done faster.
The problem is: I'm studying a factory that produces things. It runs continuously throu... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, datetime, pandas",
"url": null
} |
robotic-arm, raspberry-pi
or whatever.
As the first photo (of the robot arm showed), a simple robot grabber/gripper is also available for the end of the arm:
These grippers, and the brackets themselves, are widely available on eBay. Note that it is invariably cheaper to buy the brackets independently, than the whole ... | {
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-
+1. It's worth nothing that your multi-dimensional argument effectively re-derives the formula for the distance from point $P(p_0,p_1,\dots,p_n)$ to hyperplane $Q:\;q_0x_0+q_1x_1+\cdots+q_nx_n=q$; namely, $$\text{dist}(P,Q)=\frac{|\;p_0q_0+p_1q_1+\cdots+p_nq_n-q\;|}{\sqrt{\;q_0^2+ q_1^2 +\cdots+q_n^2\;}}$$ Replacing ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9760359525680542,
"tags... |
• Could you please give me an concrete example to demonstrate this? Jul 15, 2013 at 20:45
• Sure, let me think one up. Jul 15, 2013 at 20:53
• This is kind of an apples and oranges thing. The analogues of complex differentiable functions in real spaces are those with vanishing divergence and curl. Trying to use the lim... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.914422869682312,
"tags... |
ros, rviz, memory, ros-hydro
Title: RViz memory leak?
Hello all,
I noticed that after a long time (hours) my memory was stuffed full when working with our robot. When closing RViz this memory is released. I suspect that there is a memory leak in RViz.
To replicate this error, I recorded a bag file, which is rather la... | {
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"tags": "ros, rviz, memory, ros-hydro",
"url": null
} |
ℝ ():= ∑ ∈ − .Since the series ∑ ∈ − converges for all n ∈ ℕ, this function is easily seen to be of … If F not continuous at X equals C, then F is not differentiable, differentiable at X is equal to C. So let me give a few examples of a non-continuous function and then think about would we be able to find this limit.... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9744347883040039,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8098947039658203,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430520409023,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 364.1319893887671,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9384722709655762,
... |
algorithms, algorithm-analysis, search-algorithms, strings, search-problem
Title: Efficiently count frequency of n-grams at start of words I have a text file with all possible 5-grams (26^5 = 11.881.376) organized in rows as:
aaaaa
aaaab
aaaac
aaaad
.....
and I have a txt file (organized in rows) with all English word... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, algorithm-analysis, search-algorithms, strings, search-problem",
"url": nu... |
'cyan' 'c'[0 1 1]'#00FFFF'
'magenta''m'[1 0 1]'#FF00FF'
'yellow''y'[1 1 0]'#FFFF00'
'black''k'[0 0 0]'#000000'
'white''w'[1 1 1]'#FFFFFF'
'none'Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNo color
Here are the RGB triplets and hexadecimal color codes for the default colors MATLAB® uses in many types of plots.
RGB ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9838471670723234,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8740772368049823,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 4924.7807914964405,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5267122983932495,
"tags":... |
php, security, web-scraping, linux, ssh
find ${drt}/ -iname '*phpmyadmin*' -exec rm -rf {} \;
wget -P ${drt}/ https://www.phpmyadmin.net/downloads/phpMyAdmin-latest-all-languages.zip
find ${drt}/ -type f -iname '*phpmyadmin*.zip' -exec unzip {} \;
find ${drt}/ -type d -iname 'phpmyadmin-*' -exec mv {} phpmyadmin \;... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, security, web-scraping, linux, ssh",
"url": null
} |
functional-programming, comparative-review, compression, ocaml
Could my solution become more optimal? Elegance is a matter of taste, so you'll probably get different answers for that point. Personally, I find your solution easier to understand: it makes good use of the algebra defined through the rld type.
From an eff... | {
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"tags": "functional-programming, comparative-review, compression, ocaml",
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} |
special-relativity, gravity, newtonian-gravity
$$
$$
\vec{\nabla}\cdot \mathbf{M}=0
$$
$$
\vec{\nabla}\times \mathbf{G}=-\frac{\partial \mathbf{M}}{\partial t}
$$
$$
\vec{\nabla}\times \mathbf{M}=\nu _0\mathbf{J}+\gamma _0\nu _0\frac{\partial \mathbf{G}}{\partial t}
$$
where these fields would produce on a mass $m$ mo... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, gravity, newtonian-gravity",
"url": null
} |
python, pandas
Title: Pandas - Get feature values which appear in two distinct dataframes I have a Pandas DataFrame structured like this:
user_id movie_id rating
0 1 1193 5
1 2 1193 5
2 12 1193 4
3 15 1193 4
4 17 1193 5
5 18 1193 ... | {
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"tags": "python, pandas",
"url": null
} |
physical-chemistry, molecules, equipment
The most sensitive detection technique is mass spectrometry, more sensitive than fluorescence because if a molecule fluoresces in a direction away from your detector its photon is lost. All ions can in principle be collected in a mass spectrometer.
To get the molecules into the... | {
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"tags": "physical-chemistry, molecules, equipment",
"url": null
} |
python, sorting
Title: Creating a list containing the rank of the elements in the original list I don't really know how to explain what I'm looking for in a way that makes sense, but here goes:
Say I have a list
$$L=(4,7,9,10,6,11,3)$$
What I want to produce is a corresponding list
$$ K = (1,3,4,5,2,6,0)$$
where elem... | {
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But if you want to do any form of algebra or calculus, it is inconvenient, so the other form is preferred. But both forms are equally valid, it is only a pragmatic question of what works best for whatever you are doing with it.
• And $f(x)=0$ otherwise. Sep 22 at 17:35
There's nothing wrong with it as it evaluates th... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9807080030441284,
"ta... |
java, object-oriented, game, gui, libgdx
this.moneySlider = new SideButtonSlider(moneyButtons, this, this.skin, "Money", Color.GREEN, LibGDXGame.STAGE_WIDTH, LibGDXGame.STAGE_HEIGHT);
this.buttonTable.add(this.moneySlider.getTable());
this.buttonTable.row();
this.cameraSlider = new SideButtonSlider(camera... | {
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"tags": "java, object-oriented, game, gui, libgdx",
"url": null
} |
Rule Product Rule 9/3 More. G o t a d i f f e r e n t a n s w e r? C h e c k i f i t ′ s c o r r e c t. The three panels below illustrate the process. Elementary Surfaces. BYJU’S online area between two curves calculator tool makes the calculations faster, and it displays the result in a fraction of seconds. approximat... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9777138157595305,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8016210505773909,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933447152497,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 699.7204691149918,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7926382422447205,
"tags... |
java, android, comparative-review
Title: Correct way to refer to a view in Android What is the correct way of referring to a view (a) or (b).?
(a).
TextView textView = (TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.text);
textView.setText("Some Text");
(b).
((TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText("Some Text");
... | {
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"tags": "java, android, comparative-review",
"url": null
} |
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