id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
570a66fd4103511400d596d4 | Emotion | The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern ... | What does émouvoir mean in English? | {
"text": [
"to stir up"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
570a66fd4103511400d596d5 | Emotion | The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern ... | Prior to the introduction of the word emotion, what word was used in its place? | {
"text": [
"passion"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
570a66fd4103511400d596d6 | Emotion | The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern ... | Along with anxiety, what is an example of directionless emotion? | {
"text": [
"depression"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} |
570a68426d058f1900182e1e | Emotion | Phillip Bard contributed to the theory with his work on animals. Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing. Therefore, Cannon also argued that it was not anatomically possible for s... | What is the thalamus a part of? | {
"text": [
"the diencephalon"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} |
570a68426d058f1900182e1f | Emotion | Phillip Bard contributed to the theory with his work on animals. Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing. Therefore, Cannon also argued that it was not anatomically possible for s... | Who argued that an emotional stimulus triggered experiential and physiological responses to emotions at the same time? | {
"text": [
"Cannon"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} |
570a68426d058f1900182e20 | Emotion | Phillip Bard contributed to the theory with his work on animals. Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing. Therefore, Cannon also argued that it was not anatomically possible for s... | What creatures did Bard experiment on? | {
"text": [
"animals"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
570a68426d058f1900182e21 | Emotion | Phillip Bard contributed to the theory with his work on animals. Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing. Therefore, Cannon also argued that it was not anatomically possible for s... | Along with sensory and motor information, what information had to pass through the diencephalon before being processed? | {
"text": [
"physiological"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
570a68cf6d058f1900182e26 | Emotion | There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions... | Who wrote The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life? | {
"text": [
"Robert C. Solomon"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} |
570a68cf6d058f1900182e27 | Emotion | There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions... | In what year was The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life published? | {
"text": [
"1993"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} |
570a68cf6d058f1900182e28 | Emotion | There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions... | What does Solomon believe emotions to be? | {
"text": [
"judgments"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} |
570a68cf6d058f1900182e29 | Emotion | There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions... | Whose theory discussed action tendencies? | {
"text": [
"Nico Frijda"
],
"answer_start": [
610
]
} |
570a68cf6d058f1900182e2a | Emotion | There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions... | The idea that judgment can't be identified with emotion is an objection to what school of thought? | {
"text": [
"cognitivism"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} |
570a6c176d058f1900182e4c | Emotion | Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenot... | Who researched the role of emotional phenotype temperaments on social connectedness? | {
"text": [
"Kurt Kortschal"
],
"answer_start": [
404
]
} |
570a6c176d058f1900182e4d | Emotion | Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenot... | From where do zygotes derive their genetic information? | {
"text": [
"their parental germ cells"
],
"answer_start": [
719
]
} |
570a6c176d058f1900182e4e | Emotion | Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenot... | What percentage of difference is there between the genetic material of humans and the genetic material of chimpanzees? | {
"text": [
"1.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
1059
]
} |
570a6c176d058f1900182e4f | Emotion | Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenot... | How many million years ago did the evolution of chimpanzees and humans diverge? | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
963
]
} |
570a6c176d058f1900182e50 | Emotion | Emotions can motivate social interactions and relationships and therefore are directly related with basic physiology, particularly with the stress systems. This is important because emotions are related to the anti-stress complex, with an oxytocin-attachment system, which plays a major role in bonding. Emotional phenot... | About how long ago did modern human beings first come into existence? | {
"text": [
"200,000 years"
],
"answer_start": [
1878
]
} |
570a6db44103511400d596f0 | Emotion | Emotion, in everyday speech, is any relatively brief conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of pleasure or displeasure. Scientific discourse has drifted to other meanings and there is no consensus on a definition. Emotion is often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality,... | Along with mood, temperament, disposition and motivation, what is emotion often tied to? | {
"text": [
"personality"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
570a6db44103511400d596f1 | Emotion | Emotion, in everyday speech, is any relatively brief conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of pleasure or displeasure. Scientific discourse has drifted to other meanings and there is no consensus on a definition. Emotion is often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality,... | What do some theories see as an important part of emotion? | {
"text": [
"cognition"
],
"answer_start": [
368
]
} |
570a6db44103511400d596f2 | Emotion | Emotion, in everyday speech, is any relatively brief conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of pleasure or displeasure. Scientific discourse has drifted to other meanings and there is no consensus on a definition. Emotion is often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality,... | Along with sweating and muscle tension, what might be a physiological response to danger? | {
"text": [
"rapid heartbeat and breathing"
],
"answer_start": [
663
]
} |
570a6db44103511400d596f3 | Emotion | Emotion, in everyday speech, is any relatively brief conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of pleasure or displeasure. Scientific discourse has drifted to other meanings and there is no consensus on a definition. Emotion is often intertwined with mood, temperament, personality,... | Sweating is a product of the arousal of what system? | {
"text": [
"nervous"
],
"answer_start": [
642
]
} |
570a6e2f4103511400d596f8 | Emotion | Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechani... | Who described the concept of a continuum of intensity? | {
"text": [
"Michael C. Graham"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
} |
570a6e2f4103511400d596f9 | Emotion | Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechani... | What is Michael Graham's profession? | {
"text": [
"Psychotherapist"
],
"answer_start": [
325
]
} |
570a6e2f4103511400d596fa | Emotion | Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechani... | What is an example of an extreme form of fear? | {
"text": [
"terror"
],
"answer_start": [
466
]
} |
570a6e2f4103511400d596fb | Emotion | Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechani... | What would be an example of mild shame? | {
"text": [
"embarrassment"
],
"answer_start": [
506
]
} |
570a6e2f4103511400d596fc | Emotion | Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechani... | What are non-intense feelings that lack a contextual stimulus called? | {
"text": [
"Moods"
],
"answer_start": [
715
]
} |
570a6f236d058f1900182e56 | Emotion | For more than 40 years, Paul Ekman has supported the view that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. Ekman's most influential work revolved around the finding that certain emotions appeared to be universally recognized, even in cultures that were preliterate and could not have learned associa... | Who has argued that emotions are discrete? | {
"text": [
"Paul Ekman"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} |
570a6f236d058f1900182e57 | Emotion | For more than 40 years, Paul Ekman has supported the view that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. Ekman's most influential work revolved around the finding that certain emotions appeared to be universally recognized, even in cultures that were preliterate and could not have learned associa... | How many basic emotions did Ekman recognize? | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
638
]
} |
570a6f236d058f1900182e58 | Emotion | For more than 40 years, Paul Ekman has supported the view that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct. Ekman's most influential work revolved around the finding that certain emotions appeared to be universally recognized, even in cultures that were preliterate and could not have learned associa... | Along with anger, disgust, happiness, sadness and fear, what is one of Ekman's basic emotions? | {
"text": [
"surprise"
],
"answer_start": [
706
]
} |
570a6f996d058f1900182e5c | Emotion | Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During... | What school of thought saw emotion as an impediment to virtue? | {
"text": [
"stoic"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
570a6f996d058f1900182e5d | Emotion | Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During... | What thinker believed that emotions were necessary for virtue? | {
"text": [
"Aristotle"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
570a6f996d058f1900182e5e | Emotion | Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During... | What did the Aristotelians call emotions? | {
"text": [
"passions"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} |
570a6f996d058f1900182e5f | Emotion | Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During... | Who was a notable scholastic thinker? | {
"text": [
"Thomas Aquinas"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} |
570a6f996d058f1900182e60 | Emotion | Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During... | Along with Descartes, Machiavelli and Hume, what notable philosopher developed a theory of emotions? | {
"text": [
"Baruch Spinoza"
],
"answer_start": [
555
]
} |
570a70116d058f1900182e66 | Emotion | In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam... | Who wrote that exciting facts lead to emotions? | {
"text": [
"William James"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
570a70116d058f1900182e67 | Emotion | In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam... | What did James believe a stimulus act upon to produce emotion? | {
"text": [
"the autonomic nervous system"
],
"answer_start": [
365
]
} |
570a70116d058f1900182e68 | Emotion | In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam... | What did James believe emotion was synonymous with? | {
"text": [
"the perception of bodily changes"
],
"answer_start": [
630
]
} |
570a70116d058f1900182e69 | Emotion | In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam... | Who developed a theory similar to that of James? | {
"text": [
"Carl Lange"
],
"answer_start": [
480
]
} |
570a70116d058f1900182e6a | Emotion | In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam... | What was the profession of Lange? | {
"text": [
"psychologist"
],
"answer_start": [
467
]
} |
570a70f04103511400d5970a | Emotion | The history of emotions has become an increasingly popular topic recently, with some scholars arguing that it is an essential category of analysis, not unlike class, race, or gender. Historians, like other social scientists, assume that emotions, feelings and their expressions are regulated in different ways by both di... | What historical school claims that sentiments and meta-emotions can be learned? | {
"text": [
"constructivist"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
570a70f04103511400d5970b | Emotion | The history of emotions has become an increasingly popular topic recently, with some scholars arguing that it is an essential category of analysis, not unlike class, race, or gender. Historians, like other social scientists, assume that emotions, feelings and their expressions are regulated in different ways by both di... | According to the constructivists, what is an example of a learned meta-emotion? | {
"text": [
"Schadenfreude"
],
"answer_start": [
470
]
} |
570a70f04103511400d5970c | Emotion | The history of emotions has become an increasingly popular topic recently, with some scholars arguing that it is an essential category of analysis, not unlike class, race, or gender. Historians, like other social scientists, assume that emotions, feelings and their expressions are regulated in different ways by both di... | Along with Germany, England, Spain and Australia, where has a research center on the history of emotions recently opened? | {
"text": [
"Sweden"
],
"answer_start": [
1061
]
} |
570a70f04103511400d5970d | Emotion | The history of emotions has become an increasingly popular topic recently, with some scholars arguing that it is an essential category of analysis, not unlike class, race, or gender. Historians, like other social scientists, assume that emotions, feelings and their expressions are regulated in different ways by both di... | Along with class and race, what is regarded as an essential category of historical analysis? | {
"text": [
"gender"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
570a71734103511400d59712 | Emotion | Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the pa... | Whose work did the theory of Stanley Schachter build on? | {
"text": [
"Gregorio Marañón"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} |
570a71734103511400d59713 | Emotion | Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the pa... | What did Gregorio Marañón inject his patients with? | {
"text": [
"epinephrine"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
570a71734103511400d59714 | Emotion | Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the pa... | What was the nationality of Gregorio Marañón? | {
"text": [
"Spanish"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
570a71734103511400d59715 | Emotion | Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the pa... | Who was a notable student of Stanley Schachter? | {
"text": [
"Jerome Singer"
],
"answer_start": [
1168
]
} |
570a71734103511400d59716 | Emotion | Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the pa... | In what year was the book Gut Reactions by Jesse Prinz published? | {
"text": [
"2004"
],
"answer_start": [
1717
]
} |
570a71dd6d058f1900182e70 | Emotion | In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "loo... | In what decade did sociologists focus on the social relevance of emotion? | {
"text": [
"1990s"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} |
570a71dd6d058f1900182e71 | Emotion | In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "loo... | What emotions did Cooley regard as of paramount social importance? | {
"text": [
"pride and shame"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
570a71dd6d058f1900182e72 | Emotion | In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "loo... | Who studied rage and shame cycles in married couples? | {
"text": [
"Retzinger"
],
"answer_start": [
497
]
} |
570a71dd6d058f1900182e73 | Emotion | In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "loo... | Who developed the social bond theory? | {
"text": [
"Scheff"
],
"answer_start": [
645
]
} |
570a71dd6d058f1900182e74 | Emotion | In the 1990s, sociologists focused on different aspects of specific emotions and how these emotions were socially relevant. For Cooley (1992), pride and shame were the most important emotions that drive people to take various social actions. During every encounter, he proposed that we monitor ourselves through the "loo... | Along with Cooley, from whose work did Scheff derive social bond theory? | {
"text": [
"Goffman"
],
"answer_start": [
618
]
} |
570a72e64103511400d59726 | Emotion | Emotion regulation refers to the cognitive and behavioral strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience. For example, a behavioral strategy in which one avoids a situation to avoid unwanted emotions (e.g., trying not to think about the situation, doing distracting activities, etc.). Depending on the... | What is the term for the strategies used by people to influence their emotional experiences? | {
"text": [
"Emotion regulation"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
570a72e64103511400d59727 | Emotion | Emotion regulation refers to the cognitive and behavioral strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience. For example, a behavioral strategy in which one avoids a situation to avoid unwanted emotions (e.g., trying not to think about the situation, doing distracting activities, etc.). Depending on the... | What type of strategy involves avoiding a situation where unwanted emotions might be experienced? | {
"text": [
"behavioral"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} |
570a72e64103511400d59728 | Emotion | Emotion regulation refers to the cognitive and behavioral strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience. For example, a behavioral strategy in which one avoids a situation to avoid unwanted emotions (e.g., trying not to think about the situation, doing distracting activities, etc.). Depending on the... | Rational emotive behavior therapy is an approach used by what psychotherapy schools? | {
"text": [
"Cognitively oriented schools"
],
"answer_start": [
582
]
} |
570a72e64103511400d59729 | Emotion | Emotion regulation refers to the cognitive and behavioral strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience. For example, a behavioral strategy in which one avoids a situation to avoid unwanted emotions (e.g., trying not to think about the situation, doing distracting activities, etc.). Depending on the... | What sort of therapy might examine emotions based on components of facial expressions? | {
"text": [
"Gestalt therapy"
],
"answer_start": [
806
]
} |
570a73804103511400d5972e | Emotion | Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian e... | What system was examined to develop the neurobiological explanation of human emotion? | {
"text": [
"limbic"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
570a73804103511400d5972f | Emotion | Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian e... | What classification of chemicals do dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline belong to? | {
"text": [
"neurochemicals"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
} |
570a73804103511400d59730 | Emotion | Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian e... | What chemicals may mediate emotions? | {
"text": [
"pheromones"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
570a73804103511400d59731 | Emotion | Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian e... | Reactive responses are present in the brains of what animals? | {
"text": [
"reptiles"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
570a73804103511400d59732 | Emotion | Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state organized in the limbic system of the mammalian brain. If distinguished from reactive responses of reptiles, emotions would then be mammalian e... | The neurobiological explanation is specific to what types of brains? | {
"text": [
"mammalian"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
570a775d4103511400d59742 | Emotion | Many different disciplines have produced work on the emotions. Human sciences study the role of emotions in mental processes, disorders, and neural mechanisms. In psychiatry, emotions are examined as part of the discipline's study and treatment of mental disorders in humans. Nursing studies emotions as part of its appr... | What discipline studies the role of emotions in neural mechanisms? | {
"text": [
"Human sciences"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} |
570a775d4103511400d59743 | Emotion | Many different disciplines have produced work on the emotions. Human sciences study the role of emotions in mental processes, disorders, and neural mechanisms. In psychiatry, emotions are examined as part of the discipline's study and treatment of mental disorders in humans. Nursing studies emotions as part of its appr... | What fields studies the role of emotions in the treatment of human mental disorders? | {
"text": [
"psychiatry"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
570a775d4103511400d59744 | Emotion | Many different disciplines have produced work on the emotions. Human sciences study the role of emotions in mental processes, disorders, and neural mechanisms. In psychiatry, emotions are examined as part of the discipline's study and treatment of mental disorders in humans. Nursing studies emotions as part of its appr... | What profession studies the role of emotions in providing holistic health care? | {
"text": [
"Nursing"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
570a775d4103511400d59745 | Emotion | Many different disciplines have produced work on the emotions. Human sciences study the role of emotions in mental processes, disorders, and neural mechanisms. In psychiatry, emotions are examined as part of the discipline's study and treatment of mental disorders in humans. Nursing studies emotions as part of its appr... | What is affective neuroscience a sub-field of? | {
"text": [
"neuroscience"
],
"answer_start": [
563
]
} |
570a775d4103511400d59746 | Emotion | Many different disciplines have produced work on the emotions. Human sciences study the role of emotions in mental processes, disorders, and neural mechanisms. In psychiatry, emotions are examined as part of the discipline's study and treatment of mental disorders in humans. Nursing studies emotions as part of its appr... | What field studies the relationship between emotion and learning? | {
"text": [
"education"
],
"answer_start": [
865
]
} |
570a79de4103511400d59756 | Emotion | Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotion... | Who came up with the interaction ritual theory? | {
"text": [
"Randall Collins"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
570a79de4103511400d59757 | Emotion | Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotion... | From what work of Durkheim's was interaction ritual theory derived? | {
"text": [
"totemic rituals"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
570a79de4103511400d59758 | Emotion | Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotion... | In addition to Durkheim, whose work influenced the development of interaction ritual theory? | {
"text": [
"Goffman"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
570a79de4103511400d59759 | Emotion | Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotion... | What is the term for a feeling of confidence to take action? | {
"text": [
"Emotional energy"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
570a79de4103511400d5975a | Emotion | Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotion... | What is the term for the energy generated during group gatherings, such as totemic rituals? | {
"text": [
"collective effervescence"
],
"answer_start": [
510
]
} |
570a7b204103511400d59760 | Emotion | In the 2000s, research in computer science, engineering, psychology and neuroscience has been aimed at developing devices that recognize human affect display and model emotions. In computer science, affective computing is a branch of the study and development of artificial intelligence that deals with the design of sys... | Of what discipline is affective computing a branch? | {
"text": [
"computer science"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} |
570a7b204103511400d59761 | Emotion | In the 2000s, research in computer science, engineering, psychology and neuroscience has been aimed at developing devices that recognize human affect display and model emotions. In computer science, affective computing is a branch of the study and development of artificial intelligence that deals with the design of sys... | What is the foundational document of affective computing? | {
"text": [
"Rosalind Picard's 1995 paper"
],
"answer_start": [
658
]
} |
570a7b204103511400d59762 | Emotion | In the 2000s, research in computer science, engineering, psychology and neuroscience has been aimed at developing devices that recognize human affect display and model emotions. In computer science, affective computing is a branch of the study and development of artificial intelligence that deals with the design of sys... | In affective computing, what devices are used to collect data about the physical state of a user? | {
"text": [
"passive sensors"
],
"answer_start": [
755
]
} |
570a7b204103511400d59763 | Emotion | In the 2000s, research in computer science, engineering, psychology and neuroscience has been aimed at developing devices that recognize human affect display and model emotions. In computer science, affective computing is a branch of the study and development of artificial intelligence that deals with the design of sys... | How does emotional speech processing determine a user's emotional state? | {
"text": [
"analyzing speech patterns"
],
"answer_start": [
1214
]
} |
570a7c016d058f1900182e8e | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | Along with subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior and psychophysiological changes, what is another notable emotional component? | {
"text": [
"instrumental behavior"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
570a7c016d058f1900182e8f | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | With what emotional component did William James identify emotion? | {
"text": [
"subjective experience"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
} |
570a7c016d058f1900182e90 | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | What emotional component did behaviorists identify emotion with? | {
"text": [
"instrumental behavior"
],
"answer_start": [
315
]
} |
570a7c016d058f1900182e91 | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | What academics identified emotions with physiological changes? | {
"text": [
"psychophysiologists"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
} |
570a7c016d058f1900182e92 | Emotion | Emotions involve different components, such as subjective experience, cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emotion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience, behaviorists with instr... | Who discussed emotions in the context of expressive body actions and cultural labels? | {
"text": [
"Peggy Thoits"
],
"answer_start": [
853
]
} |
570a7c684103511400d59768 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What model of emotion was developed by Scherer? | {
"text": [
"components processing model"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
570a7c684103511400d59769 | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | How many important emotional elements are present in the components processing model? | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
570a7c684103511400d5976a | Emotion | In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although th... | What processes drive the other components processing model processes? | {
"text": [
"appraisal"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} |
570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea0 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What do psychologists use to visually map emotional experiences? | {
"text": [
"multidimensional scaling"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} |
570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea1 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | Along with valence, what is the other of the two dimensions used to map emotional experiences? | {
"text": [
"arousal"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea2 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What is the term for the feeling of energy or enervation created by an emotional experience? | {
"text": [
"arousal"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea3 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What is the term for the degree to which an emotional experience feels positive or negative? | {
"text": [
"valence"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
570a7cdb6d058f1900182ea4 | Emotion | Through the use of multidimensional scaling, psychologists can map out similar emotional experiences, which allows a visual depiction of the "emotional distance" between experiences. A further step can be taken by looking at the map's dimensions of the emotional experiences. The emotional experiences are divided into t... | What component of emotion provides its perceived energy? | {
"text": [
"core affect"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} |
570a7d566d058f1900182eaa | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Who argued that emotional responses compete with instinct and reason? | {
"text": [
"Paul D. MacLean"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
570a7d566d058f1900182eab | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | What technology has allowed for research into the earlier-evolved parts of the brain? | {
"text": [
"neuroimaging"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} |
570a7d566d058f1900182eac | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | Along with LeDoux, who was a notable neurological brain researcher? | {
"text": [
"António Damásio"
],
"answer_start": [
787
]
} |
570a7d566d058f1900182ead | Emotion | More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and plan... | In what decade did Damásio and LeDoux do notable work? | {
"text": [
"1990s"
],
"answer_start": [
757
]
} |
570a7de94103511400d5976e | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Along with Cropanzano, who developed a communication-based theory of emotional experience? | {
"text": [
"Howard M. Weiss"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
570a7de94103511400d5976f | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | When did Weiss and Cropanzano publish their work? | {
"text": [
"1996"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
570a7de94103511400d59770 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to? | {
"text": [
"work"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
570a7de94103511400d59771 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Who did Beal write "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" with? | {
"text": [
"Howard M. Weiss"
],
"answer_start": [
666
]
} |
570a7de94103511400d59772 | Emotion | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | Where was "Reflections on Affective Events Theory" published? | {
"text": [
"Research on Emotion in Organizations"
],
"answer_start": [
774
]
} |
570a7e7c4103511400d59778 | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What parts of reptiles respond to sensory cues? | {
"text": [
"motor centers"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
570a7e7c4103511400d59779 | Emotion | The motor centers of reptiles react to sensory cues of vision, sound, touch, chemical, gravity, and motion with pre-set body movements and programmed postures. With the arrival of night-active mammals, smell replaced vision as the dominant sense, and a different way of responding arose from the olfactory sense, which i... | What is the principal sense of night-active mammals? | {
"text": [
"smell"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
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