Split (2)

train · 82.9k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	title stringlengths 3 59	context stringlengths 151 3.71k	question stringlengths 12 217	answers dict
57324911b9d445190005e9ae	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Eisenhower was assigned to the General Staff in Washington, where he served until June 1942 with responsibility for creating the major war plans to defeat Japan and Germany. He was appointed Deputy Chief in charge of Pacific Defenses under the Chief of War Plans Division (WPD)...	What was Eisenhower's title in the Operations Division?	{ "text": [ "Assistant Chief of Staff" ], "answer_start": [ 432 ] }
57324911b9d445190005e9af	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Eisenhower was assigned to the General Staff in Washington, where he served until June 1942 with responsibility for creating the major war plans to defeat Japan and Germany. He was appointed Deputy Chief in charge of Pacific Defenses under the Chief of War Plans Division (WPD)...	Who was the Chief of Staff who promoted Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "George C. Marshall" ], "answer_start": [ 548 ] }
57324966b9d445190005e9b5	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" ...	As of May 1942, who commanded the Army Air Forces?	{ "text": [ "Henry H. Arnold" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
57324966b9d445190005e9b6	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" ...	To what city did Eisenhower travel to May 1942?	{ "text": [ "London" ], "answer_start": [ 119 ] }
57324966b9d445190005e9b7	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" ...	Who commanded the English theater in May 1942?	{ "text": [ "James E. Chaney" ], "answer_start": [ 201 ] }
57324966b9d445190005e9b8	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" ...	What appointment did Eisenhower receive on June 23, 1942?	{ "text": [ "Commanding General, European Theater of Operations" ], "answer_start": [ 391 ] }
57324966b9d445190005e9b9	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" ...	To what rank was Eisenhower promoted on July 7, 1942?	{ "text": [ "lieutenant general" ], "answer_start": [ 558 ] }
573249b1b9d445190005e9c0	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. Th...	What was the code name of the North African campaign?	{ "text": [ "Operation Torch" ], "answer_start": [ 362 ] }
573249b1b9d445190005e9c1	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. Th...	At what location was the North African campaign planned?	{ "text": [ "Rock of Gibraltar" ], "answer_start": [ 417 ] }
573249b1b9d445190005e9c2	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1942, he was also appointed Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA) through the new operational Headquarters Allied (Expeditionary) Force Headquarters (A(E)FHQ). The word "expeditionary" was dropped soon after his appointment for security reasons. Th...	How many years before Eisenhower's command had a non-Briton commanded Gibraltar?	{ "text": [ "200" ], "answer_start": [ 504 ] }
57324a59e17f3d14004227e1	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	French cooperation was deemed necessary to the campaign, and Eisenhower encountered a "preposterous situation" with the multiple rival factions in France. His primary objective was to move forces successfully into Tunisia, and intending to facilitate that objective, he gave his support to François Darlan as High Commis...	What geographic area was the primary objective of Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "Tunisia" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
57324a59e17f3d14004227e2	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	French cooperation was deemed necessary to the campaign, and Eisenhower encountered a "preposterous situation" with the multiple rival factions in France. His primary objective was to move forces successfully into Tunisia, and intending to facilitate that objective, he gave his support to François Darlan as High Commis...	Who initially served as High Commissioner of North Africa?	{ "text": [ "François Darlan" ], "answer_start": [ 290 ] }
57324a59e17f3d14004227e3	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	French cooperation was deemed necessary to the campaign, and Eisenhower encountered a "preposterous situation" with the multiple rival factions in France. His primary objective was to move forces successfully into Tunisia, and intending to facilitate that objective, he gave his support to François Darlan as High Commis...	Who killed François Darlan?	{ "text": [ "Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle" ], "answer_start": [ 759 ] }
57324a59e17f3d14004227e4	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	French cooperation was deemed necessary to the campaign, and Eisenhower encountered a "preposterous situation" with the multiple rival factions in France. His primary objective was to move forces successfully into Tunisia, and intending to facilitate that objective, he gave his support to François Darlan as High Commis...	Who served as High Commissioner of North Africa after Darlan's death?	{ "text": [ "Henri Giraud" ], "answer_start": [ 1072 ] }
57324a59e17f3d14004227e5	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	French cooperation was deemed necessary to the campaign, and Eisenhower encountered a "preposterous situation" with the multiple rival factions in France. His primary objective was to move forces successfully into Tunisia, and intending to facilitate that objective, he gave his support to François Darlan as High Commis...	On what day did Darlan die?	{ "text": [ "December 24" ], "answer_start": [ 744 ] }
57324af4b9d445190005e9c7	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He a...	What was Rommel's rank?	{ "text": [ "Generalfeldmarschall" ], "answer_start": [ 126 ] }
57324af4b9d445190005e9c8	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He a...	Who commanded II Corps before being removed by Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "Lloyd Fredendall" ], "answer_start": [ 367 ] }
57324af4b9d445190005e9c9	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He a...	Who commanded the UK's Eighth Army?	{ "text": [ "Bernard Montgomery" ], "answer_start": [ 627 ] }
57324af4b9d445190005e9ca	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He a...	When did Eisenhower receive authority over the British Eighth Army?	{ "text": [ "February 1943" ], "answer_start": [ 472 ] }
57324af4b9d445190005e9cb	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He a...	What did Eisenhower command after he commanded ETOUSA?	{ "text": [ "NATOUSA" ], "answer_start": [ 856 ] }
57324b3be99e3014001e665c	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...	What did the Allies invade after they conquered North Africa?	{ "text": [ "Sicily" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }
57324b3be99e3014001e665d	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...	What was the invasion of mainland Italy called?	{ "text": [ "Operation Avalanche" ], "answer_start": [ 230 ] }
57324b3be99e3014001e665e	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...	What was the initial ratio of Axis to Allied divisions in Italy?	{ "text": [ "2 to 1" ], "answer_start": [ 602 ] }
57324b3be99e3014001e665f	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...	How many divisions did the Germans add to Italy?	{ "text": [ "19" ], "answer_start": [ 544 ] }
57324b3be99e3014001e6660	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...	Until he was deposed, who was the leader of Italy?	{ "text": [ "Mussolini" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
57324b820fdd8d15006c692d	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower – not Marshall – would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. The following month, he resumed command of ETOUSA and the following month was officially designated as the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), serving in a dual rol...	Other than Eisenhower, who was considered for the appointment of Supreme Allied Commander in Europe?	{ "text": [ "Marshall" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
57324b820fdd8d15006c692e	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower – not Marshall – would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. The following month, he resumed command of ETOUSA and the following month was officially designated as the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), serving in a dual rol...	What did SHAEF stand for?	{ "text": [ "Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force" ], "answer_start": [ 231 ] }
57324b820fdd8d15006c692f	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower – not Marshall – would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. The following month, he resumed command of ETOUSA and the following month was officially designated as the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), serving in a dual rol...	Who appointed Eisenhower as Supreme Allied Commander in Europe?	{ "text": [ "Roosevelt" ], "answer_start": [ 28 ] }
57324b820fdd8d15006c6930	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower – not Marshall – would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. The following month, he resumed command of ETOUSA and the following month was officially designated as the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), serving in a dual rol...	What was the Allied invasion of Normandy called?	{ "text": [ "Operation Overlord" ], "answer_start": [ 516 ] }
57324b820fdd8d15006c6931	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In December 1943, President Roosevelt decided that Eisenhower – not Marshall – would be Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. The following month, he resumed command of ETOUSA and the following month was officially designated as the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), serving in a dual rol...	When did Operation Overlord take place?	{ "text": [ "June 1944" ], "answer_start": [ 486 ] }
57324c04e17f3d1400422805	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers ...	Who refused to provide Eisenhower with landing craft?	{ "text": [ "Ernest J. King" ], "answer_start": [ 564 ] }
57324c04e17f3d1400422806	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers ...	What concern did Churchill have in regard to Eisenhower's pre-invasion bombing plan?	{ "text": [ "civilian casualties" ], "answer_start": [ 997 ] }
57324c04e17f3d1400422807	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers ...	What did Patton do that first caused Eisenhower to reprimand him?	{ "text": [ "slapped a subordinate" ], "answer_start": [ 1285 ] }
57324c04e17f3d1400422808	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers ...	What were the French resistance to be used for in advance of the invasion of France?	{ "text": [ "covert and sabotage operations" ], "answer_start": [ 481 ] }
57324c04e17f3d1400422809	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower, as well as the officers and troops under him, had learned valuable lessons in their previous operations, and their skills had all strengthened in preparation for the next most difficult campaign against the Germans—a beach landing assault. His first struggles, however, were with Allied leaders and officers ...	Who was the leader of French forces in this period?	{ "text": [ "de Gaulle" ], "answer_start": [ 1018 ] }
57324c70e17f3d140042280f	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. A month later, the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many prematurely considered that victory in Europe would come by summer's end—however the Germans did not ...	When did the Normandy invasion occur?	{ "text": [ "June 6, 1944" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
57324c70e17f3d1400422810	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. A month later, the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many prematurely considered that victory in Europe would come by summer's end—however the Germans did not ...	How long after the Normandy invasion did the landings in Southern France occur?	{ "text": [ "month" ], "answer_start": [ 75 ] }
57324c70e17f3d1400422811	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. A month later, the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many prematurely considered that victory in Europe would come by summer's end—however the Germans did not ...	When did the war in Europe end?	{ "text": [ "May 8, 1945" ], "answer_start": [ 398 ] }
57324c70e17f3d1400422812	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. A month later, the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many prematurely considered that victory in Europe would come by summer's end—however the Germans did not ...	How many divisions involved in the Allied invasion of Europe did Eisenhower visit?	{ "text": [ "every" ], "answer_start": [ 799 ] }
57324c70e17f3d1400422813	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. A month later, the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many prematurely considered that victory in Europe would come by summer's end—however the Germans did not ...	After what possible event would the speech called one of the greatest in history have been delivered?	{ "text": [ "if the invasion failed" ], "answer_start": [ 934 ] }
57324d11b9d445190005e9eb	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...	What unit did Montgomery command?	{ "text": [ "21st Army Group" ], "answer_start": [ 271 ] }
57324d11b9d445190005e9ec	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...	What general commanded the 12th US Army Group?	{ "text": [ "Bradley" ], "answer_start": [ 336 ] }
57324d11b9d445190005e9ed	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...	Who was the Sixth US Army Group's commander?	{ "text": [ "Devers" ], "answer_start": [ 371 ] }
57324d11b9d445190005e9ee	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...	What geographic portion of the front did the Sixth US Army Group operate on?	{ "text": [ "south" ], "answer_start": [ 452 ] }
57324d11b9d445190005e9ef	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...	What supply port was opened late in 1944?	{ "text": [ "Antwerp" ], "answer_start": [ 798 ] }
57324d56b9d445190005e9fd	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had ne...	What European rank was equivalent to that of General of the Army?	{ "text": [ "Field Marshal" ], "answer_start": [ 149 ] }
57324d56b9d445190005e9fe	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had ne...	On what date did Eisenhower receive his General of the Army appointment?	{ "text": [ "December 20, 1944" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }
57324d56b9d445190005e9ff	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had ne...	Along with Montgomery, with whom did Eisenhower disagree on strategy?	{ "text": [ "Churchill" ], "answer_start": [ 549 ] }
57324d56b9d445190005ea00	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had ne...	What Soviet military leader was a counterpart of Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "Zhukov" ], "answer_start": [ 683 ] }
57324d56b9d445190005ea01	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In recognition of his senior position in the Allied command, on December 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Army, equivalent to the rank of Field Marshal in most European armies. In this and the previous high commands he held, Eisenhower showed his great talents for leadership and diplomacy. Although he had ne...	What rank was held by de Gaulle?	{ "text": [ "General" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
57324da80fdd8d15006c6941	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an...	When did the Battle of the Bulge begin?	{ "text": [ "December 1944" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
57324da80fdd8d15006c6942	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an...	What German city did the British wish to conquer?	{ "text": [ "Berlin" ], "answer_start": [ 376 ] }
57324da80fdd8d15006c6943	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an...	Along with Roosevelt and Churchill, what political leader decided upon the division of Germany?	{ "text": [ "Stalin" ], "answer_start": [ 817 ] }
57324da80fdd8d15006c6944	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an...	What nation's military conquered Berlin?	{ "text": [ "Soviet" ], "answer_start": [ 856 ] }
57324da80fdd8d15006c6945	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an...	What date saw the surrender of Nazi Germany?	{ "text": [ "May 7, 1945" ], "answer_start": [ 964 ] }
57324e38e17f3d1400422823	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...	What was Eisenhower's title after Germany's surrender?	{ "text": [ "Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone" ], "answer_start": [ 71 ] }
57324e38e17f3d1400422824	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...	In what structure was Eisenhower's headquarters in the US Occupation Zone?	{ "text": [ "IG Farben Building" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
57324e38e17f3d1400422825	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...	In what city was the headquarters of the US Occupation Zone located?	{ "text": [ "Frankfurt am Main" ], "answer_start": [ 153 ] }
57324e38e17f3d1400422826	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...	Aside from the US, what other countries had occupation zones in Germany?	{ "text": [ "Britain, France and the Soviet Union" ], "answer_start": [ 238 ] }
57324e38e17f3d1400422827	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...	What agreement was not applicable to Disarmed Enemy Forces?	{ "text": [ "Geneva Convention" ], "answer_start": [ 692 ] }
57324e9fe99e3014001e668c	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1945, Eisenhower returned to Washington to replace Marshall as Chief of Staff of the Army. His main role was rapid demobilization of millions of soldiers, a slow job that was delayed by lack of shipping. Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations coul...	Who was Chief of Staff of the Army before Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "Marshall" ], "answer_start": [ 63 ] }
57324e9fe99e3014001e668d	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1945, Eisenhower returned to Washington to replace Marshall as Chief of Staff of the Army. His main role was rapid demobilization of millions of soldiers, a slow job that was delayed by lack of shipping. Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations coul...	About how many soldiers demobilized after the war ended?	{ "text": [ "millions" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }
57324e9fe99e3014001e668e	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1945, Eisenhower returned to Washington to replace Marshall as Chief of Staff of the Army. His main role was rapid demobilization of millions of soldiers, a slow job that was delayed by lack of shipping. Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations coul...	What president ignored Eisenhower's recommendations in regard to atomic weapons?	{ "text": [ "Truman" ], "answer_start": [ 533 ] }
57324e9fe99e3014001e668f	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1945, Eisenhower returned to Washington to replace Marshall as Chief of Staff of the Army. His main role was rapid demobilization of millions of soldiers, a slow job that was delayed by lack of shipping. Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations coul...	What was Eisenhower's position on the use of nuclear weapons against Japan?	{ "text": [ "opposed" ], "answer_start": [ 644 ] }
57324e9fe99e3014001e6690	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In November 1945, Eisenhower returned to Washington to replace Marshall as Chief of Staff of the Army. His main role was rapid demobilization of millions of soldiers, a slow job that was delayed by lack of shipping. Eisenhower was convinced in 1946 that the Soviet Union did not want war and that friendly relations coul...	What city did Eisenhower notably visit in 1945?	{ "text": [ "Warsaw" ], "answer_start": [ 984 ] }
57324f330fdd8d15006c6955	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In June 1943 a visiting politician had suggested to Eisenhower that he might become President of the United States after the war. Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". As other...	When was it suggested to Eisenhower that he might one day become president?	{ "text": [ "June 1943" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
57324f330fdd8d15006c6956	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In June 1943 a visiting politician had suggested to Eisenhower that he might become President of the United States after the war. Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". As other...	Along with dogcatcher, what political job did Eisenhower specifically not want to be considered for?	{ "text": [ "Grand High Supreme King of the Universe" ], "answer_start": [ 473 ] }
57324f330fdd8d15006c6957	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In June 1943 a visiting politician had suggested to Eisenhower that he might become President of the United States after the war. Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". As other...	What role did Eisenhower believe he could not fulfill if he was believed to want to become involved in politics?	{ "text": [ "Army Chief of Staff" ], "answer_start": [ 554 ] }
57324f330fdd8d15006c6958	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In June 1943 a visiting politician had suggested to Eisenhower that he might become President of the United States after the war. Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". As other...	What general was considered a potential Republican presidential candidate in 1948?	{ "text": [ "MacArthur" ], "answer_start": [ 846 ] }
57324f330fdd8d15006c6959	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In June 1943 a visiting politician had suggested to Eisenhower that he might become President of the United States after the war. Believing that a general should not participate in politics, one author later wrote that "figuratively speaking, [Eisenhower] kicked his political-minded visitor out of his office". As other...	At what meeting did Truman tell Eisenhower that he would assist him in running for president?	{ "text": [ "Potsdam Conference" ], "answer_start": [ 663 ] }
57324f98e17f3d1400422837	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was "no...	What state's delegates were considering supporting Eisenhower in 1948?	{ "text": [ "New Hampshire" ], "answer_start": [ 170 ] }
57324f98e17f3d1400422838	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was "no...	How old would Eisenhower be in 1956?	{ "text": [ "66" ], "answer_start": [ 814 ] }
57324f98e17f3d1400422839	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was "no...	Why was it unlikely that Eisenhower would run for president in 1956?	{ "text": [ "too old" ], "answer_start": [ 840 ] }
57324f98e17f3d140042283a	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was "no...	Who was it assumed would win the election of 1948?	{ "text": [ "Thomas E. Dewey" ], "answer_start": [ 699 ] }
57324fe9e99e3014001e66aa	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it...	What position did Eisenhower occupy in 1948?	{ "text": [ "President of Columbia University" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
57324fe9e99e3014001e66ab	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it...	Where is Columbia University located?	{ "text": [ "New York City" ], "answer_start": [ 89 ] }
57324fe9e99e3014001e66ac	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it...	What was the title of Eisenhower's memoir?	{ "text": [ "Crusade in Europe" ], "answer_start": [ 216 ] }
57324fe9e99e3014001e66ad	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it...	What group of schools did Columbia University belong to?	{ "text": [ "Ivy League" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }
57324fe9e99e3014001e66ae	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it...	What body ruled the Eisenhower was not a professional writer?	{ "text": [ "Department of the Treasury" ], "answer_start": [ 455 ] }
5732549b0fdd8d15006c69c7	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where b...	While Eisenhower was president of Columbia, what group did he also work with?	{ "text": [ "Council on Foreign Relations" ], "answer_start": [ 101 ] }
5732549b0fdd8d15006c69c8	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where b...	What was Blanche Wiesen Cook in relation to Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "biographer" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
5732549b0fdd8d15006c69c9	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where b...	Along with business and government, what leaders did Eisenhower see meeting at the Council on Foreign Relations?	{ "text": [ "professional" ], "answer_start": [ 329 ] }
5732549b0fdd8d15006c69ca	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where b...	What sort of analysis did Eisenhower first experience with the Council on Foreign Relations?	{ "text": [ "economic" ], "answer_start": [ 804 ] }
573254ece99e3014001e66c4	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...	What position was held by James Forrestal?	{ "text": [ "Secretary of Defense" ], "answer_start": [ 114 ] }
573254ece99e3014001e66c5	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...	What position did Eisenhower informally hold?	{ "text": [ "Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff" ], "answer_start": [ 256 ] }
573254ece99e3014001e66c6	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...	After becoming sick, where did Eisenhower recover?	{ "text": [ "Augusta National Golf Club" ], "answer_start": [ 384 ] }
573254ece99e3014001e66c7	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...	What was the name of Columbia University's alumni association?	{ "text": [ "Columbia Associates" ], "answer_start": [ 660 ] }
573254ece99e3014001e66c8	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	Within months of beginning his tenure as the president of the university, Eisenhower was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of Defense James Forrestal on the unification of the armed services. About six months after his appointment, he became the informal Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington. Two months ...	When did Eisenhower vacation for two months outside New York?	{ "text": [ "July 1949" ], "answer_start": [ 467 ] }
5732553d0fdd8d15006c69cf	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi...	Aside from his university work, where did Eisenhower gain useful contacts?	{ "text": [ "American Assembly" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
5732553d0fdd8d15006c69d0	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi...	What Continental Oil leader was Eisenhower tied to?	{ "text": [ "Leonard McCollum" ], "answer_start": [ 352 ] }
5732553d0fdd8d15006c69d1	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi...	What was the political orientation of Columbia's teachers?	{ "text": [ "liberal" ], "answer_start": [ 234 ] }
5732553d0fdd8d15006c69d2	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi...	What state was Frank Abrams' oil company located in?	{ "text": [ "New Jersey" ], "answer_start": [ 450 ] }
5732553d0fdd8d15006c69d3	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi...	From where did H.J. Porter hale?	{ "text": [ "Texas" ], "answer_start": [ 524 ] }
573255b8e17f3d14004228a1	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from act...	When was Eisenhower's resignation of Columbia turned down?	{ "text": [ "December 1950" ], "answer_start": [ 82 ] }
573255b8e17f3d14004228a2	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from act...	What role did Eisenhower fill after leaving Columbia?	{ "text": [ "Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
573255b8e17f3d14004228a3	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from act...	On what date did Eisenhower leave active duty in the military?	{ "text": [ "May 31, 1952" ], "answer_start": [ 354 ] }
573255b8e17f3d14004228a4	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from act...	What job did Eisenhower hold after his second tenure as president of Columbia?	{ "text": [ "President of the United States" ], "answer_start": [ 476 ] }
573255b8e17f3d14004228a5	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from act...	When did Eisenhower become President of the United States?	{ "text": [ "January 20, 1953" ], "answer_start": [ 439 ] }
57325614e17f3d14004228ab	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	President Truman, symbolizing a broad-based desire for an Eisenhower candidacy for president, again in 1951 pressed him to run for the office as a Democrat. It was at this time that Eisenhower voiced his disagreements with the Democratic party and declared himself and his family to be Republicans. A "Draft Eisenhower" ...	Who was President of the United States prior to Eisenhower?	{ "text": [ "Truman" ], "answer_start": [ 10 ] }
57325614e17f3d14004228ac	Dwight_D._Eisenhower	President Truman, symbolizing a broad-based desire for an Eisenhower candidacy for president, again in 1951 pressed him to run for the office as a Democrat. It was at this time that Eisenhower voiced his disagreements with the Democratic party and declared himself and his family to be Republicans. A "Draft Eisenhower" ...	Truman wanted Eisenhower to run for the presidency as a member of what party?	{ "text": [ "Democratic" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }

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