id
stringlengths
24
24
title
stringlengths
3
59
context
stringlengths
151
3.71k
question
stringlengths
12
217
answers
dict
57328397b9988014000c765c
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The following day his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he lay in repose for 28 hours. On March 30, his body was brought by ...
How old was Eisenhower when he died?
{ "text": [ "78" ], "answer_start": [ 48 ] }
57328397b9988014000c765d
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The following day his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he lay in repose for 28 hours. On March 30, his body was brought by ...
At what facility did Eisenhower die?
{ "text": [ "Walter Reed Army Medical Center" ], "answer_start": [ 119 ] }
57328397b9988014000c765e
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The following day his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he lay in repose for 28 hours. On March 30, his body was brought by ...
What was Eisenhower's cause of death?
{ "text": [ "congestive heart failure" ], "answer_start": [ 91 ] }
57328397b9988014000c765f
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The following day his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he lay in repose for 28 hours. On March 30, his body was brought by ...
What was Eisenhower's date of death?
{ "text": [ "March 28, 1969" ], "answer_start": [ 18 ] }
57328397b9988014000c7660
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The following day his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he lay in repose for 28 hours. On March 30, his body was brought by ...
What Christian denomination did Eisenhower belong to?
{ "text": [ "Episcopal" ], "answer_start": [ 497 ] }
573283e5b3a91d1900202ded
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
That evening, Eisenhower's body was placed onto a train en route to Abilene, Kansas, the last time a funeral train has been used as part of funeral proceedings of an American president. His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library. ...
When did Eisenhower's funeral train arrive in Abilene, Kansas?
{ "text": [ "April 2" ], "answer_start": [ 206 ] }
573283e5b3a91d1900202dee
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
That evening, Eisenhower's body was placed onto a train en route to Abilene, Kansas, the last time a funeral train has been used as part of funeral proceedings of an American president. His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library. ...
At what location was Eisenhower buried?
{ "text": [ "Eisenhower Presidential Library" ], "answer_start": [ 287 ] }
573283e5b3a91d1900202def
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
That evening, Eisenhower's body was placed onto a train en route to Abilene, Kansas, the last time a funeral train has been used as part of funeral proceedings of an American president. His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library. ...
What was the cost of Eisenhower's casket?
{ "text": [ "$80" ], "answer_start": [ 397 ] }
573283e5b3a91d1900202df0
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
That evening, Eisenhower's body was placed onto a train en route to Abilene, Kansas, the last time a funeral train has been used as part of funeral proceedings of an American president. His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library. ...
What color jacket was Eisenhower buried in?
{ "text": [ "green" ], "answer_start": [ 478 ] }
573283e5b3a91d1900202df1
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
That evening, Eisenhower's body was placed onto a train en route to Abilene, Kansas, the last time a funeral train has been used as part of funeral proceedings of an American president. His body arrived on April 2, and was interred later that day in a small chapel on the grounds of the Eisenhower Presidential Library. ...
When did Mamie Eisenhower die?
{ "text": [ "1979" ], "answer_start": [ 778 ] }
5732845206a3a419008acabd
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little...
In popular memory, what sport was Eisenhower known for playing?
{ "text": [ "golf" ], "answer_start": [ 137 ] }
5732845206a3a419008acabe
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little...
What did critics feel that Eisenhower should have opposed in public?
{ "text": [ "McCarthyism" ], "answer_start": [ 700 ] }
5732845206a3a419008acabf
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little...
Where was Central High school located?
{ "text": [ "Little Rock" ], "answer_start": [ 314 ] }
5732845206a3a419008acac0
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little...
How did critics characterize Kennedy in comparison to Eisenhower?
{ "text": [ "vigorous young successor" ], "answer_start": [ 176 ] }
5732845206a3a419008acac1
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little...
What nation was considered the leader in the nuclear arms race?
{ "text": [ "Soviet Union" ], "answer_start": [ 580 ] }
573284b6b3a91d1900202dff
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Since the 19th century, many if not all presidents were assisted by a central figure or "gatekeeper", sometimes described as the President's Private Secretary, sometimes with no official title at all. Eisenhower formalized this role, introducing the office of White House Chief of Staff – an idea he borrowed from the Un...
From where did Eisenhower get the idea of a White House Chief of Staff?
{ "text": [ "United States Army" ], "answer_start": [ 318 ] }
573284b6b3a91d1900202e00
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Since the 19th century, many if not all presidents were assisted by a central figure or "gatekeeper", sometimes described as the President's Private Secretary, sometimes with no official title at all. Eisenhower formalized this role, introducing the office of White House Chief of Staff – an idea he borrowed from the Un...
Who was the last president not to appoint a Chief of Staff?
{ "text": [ "Lyndon Johnson" ], "answer_start": [ 360 ] }
573284b6b3a91d1900202e01
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Since the 19th century, many if not all presidents were assisted by a central figure or "gatekeeper", sometimes described as the President's Private Secretary, sometimes with no official title at all. Eisenhower formalized this role, introducing the office of White House Chief of Staff – an idea he borrowed from the Un...
Along with Ford, what president initially didn't appoint a Chief of Staff but later did?
{ "text": [ "Jimmy Carter" ], "answer_start": [ 445 ] }
573284b6b3a91d1900202e02
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Since the 19th century, many if not all presidents were assisted by a central figure or "gatekeeper", sometimes described as the President's Private Secretary, sometimes with no official title at all. Eisenhower formalized this role, introducing the office of White House Chief of Staff – an idea he borrowed from the Un...
What 19th century informal political office did the modern role of White House Chief of Staff correspond to?
{ "text": [ "President's Private Secretary" ], "answer_start": [ 129 ] }
5732850d57eb1f1400fd2d5e
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporat...
How many appreciation medals were minted?
{ "text": [ "9,858" ], "answer_start": [ 283 ] }
5732850d57eb1f1400fd2d5f
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporat...
In what city were the appreciation medals minted?
{ "text": [ "Philadelphia" ], "answer_start": [ 140 ] }
5732850d57eb1f1400fd2d60
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporat...
During what period were the appreciation medals minted?
{ "text": [ "September 1958 through October 1960" ], "answer_start": [ 182 ] }
5732850d57eb1f1400fd2d61
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporat...
What were Eisenhower's initials?
{ "text": [ "D.D.E." ], "answer_start": [ 434 ] }
5732850d57eb1f1400fd2d62
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The development of the appreciation medals was initiated by the White House and executed by the Bureau of the Mint through the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. The medals were struck from September 1958 through October 1960. A total of twenty designs are cataloged with a total mintage of 9,858. Each of the designs incorporat...
How many appreciation medals were destroyed by the Bureau of the Mint?
{ "text": [ "1,451" ], "answer_start": [ 587 ] }
573285f357eb1f1400fd2d70
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
What is the formal name of the Interstate Highway System?
{ "text": [ "Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }
573285f357eb1f1400fd2d71
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
Along with Germany and Switzerland, what country contained an autobahn during the Second World War?
{ "text": [ "Austria" ], "answer_start": [ 294 ] }
573285f357eb1f1400fd2d72
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
When were "Eisenhower Interstate System" signs first posted along highways?
{ "text": [ "1993" ], "answer_start": [ 454 ] }
573285f357eb1f1400fd2d73
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
What is another name for Eisenhower Expressway?
{ "text": [ "Interstate 290" ], "answer_start": [ 599 ] }
573285f357eb1f1400fd2d74
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
What major city is Interstate 290 close to?
{ "text": [ "Chicago" ], "answer_start": [ 620 ] }
5732868bb3a91d1900202e0f
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the presi...
At what Augusta hole was the Eisenhower Pine located?
{ "text": [ "17th" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }
5732868bb3a91d1900202e10
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the presi...
How many meters away from the Masters tee on Augusta's 17th was the Eisenhower Pine?
{ "text": [ "192" ], "answer_start": [ 110 ] }
5732868bb3a91d1900202e11
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the presi...
What did Eisenhower want to be done to the Eisenhower Pine?
{ "text": [ "cut down" ], "answer_start": [ 279 ] }
5732868bb3a91d1900202e12
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the presi...
What damaged the Eisenhower Pine in February 2014?
{ "text": [ "ice storm" ], "answer_start": [ 478 ] }
5732868bb3a91d1900202e13
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the presi...
In what year did Eisenhower propose that the pine tree named after him be removed?
{ "text": [ "1956" ], "answer_start": [ 237 ] }
57324f18b9d445190005ea1b
The_Bronx
The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south...
How many boroughs are in NYC?
{ "text": [ "five" ], "answer_start": [ 47 ] }
57324f18b9d445190005ea1c
The_Bronx
The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south...
Where is the Bronx positioned among NYC boroughs?
{ "text": [ "northernmost" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
57324f18b9d445190005ea1d
The_Bronx
The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south...
What is the Bronx's population?
{ "text": [ "1,438,159" ], "answer_start": [ 507 ] }
57324f18b9d445190005ea1e
The_Bronx
The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south...
How large is the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "42 square miles (109 km2)" ], "answer_start": [ 461 ] }
57324f89e99e3014001e66a0
The_Bronx
The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various Europea...
Who is the Bronx named for?
{ "text": [ "Jonas Bronck" ], "answer_start": [ 25 ] }
57324f89e99e3014001e66a2
The_Bronx
The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various Europea...
When did Bronck settle in the New York area?
{ "text": [ "1639" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
57324f89e99e3014001e66a3
The_Bronx
The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various Europea...
What native tribe lived in the New York area?
{ "text": [ "Lenape" ], "answer_start": [ 128 ] }
57324f89e99e3014001e66a4
The_Bronx
The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various Europea...
What types of music the Bronx famous for?
{ "text": [ "Latin music and hip hop" ], "answer_start": [ 594 ] }
57324ffa0fdd8d15006c6961
The_Bronx
The Bronx contains one of the five poorest Congressional Districts in the United States, the 15th, but its wide diversity also includes affluent, upper-income and middle-income neighborhoods such as Riverdale, Fieldston, Spuyten Duyvil, Schuylerville, Pelham Bay, Pelham Gardens, Morris Park and Country Club. The Bronx,...
When did the South Bronx lose quality of life?
{ "text": [ "the late 1960s and the 1970s" ], "answer_start": [ 430 ] }
57324ffa0fdd8d15006c6962
The_Bronx
The Bronx contains one of the five poorest Congressional Districts in the United States, the 15th, but its wide diversity also includes affluent, upper-income and middle-income neighborhoods such as Riverdale, Fieldston, Spuyten Duyvil, Schuylerville, Pelham Bay, Pelham Gardens, Morris Park and Country Club. The Bronx,...
What crime problem happened in the Bronx in the 70s?
{ "text": [ "arson" ], "answer_start": [ 485 ] }
573250460fdd8d15006c6971
The_Bronx
Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla...
When was Jonas Bronck born?
{ "text": [ "1600" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }
573250460fdd8d15006c6972
The_Bronx
Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla...
Where did Bronck emigrate from?
{ "text": [ "Småland, Sweden" ], "answer_start": [ 91 ] }
573250460fdd8d15006c6973
The_Bronx
Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla...
When did Bronck reach the New York area?
{ "text": [ "spring of 1639" ], "answer_start": [ 148 ] }
573250460fdd8d15006c6974
The_Bronx
Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla...
What entity did Bronck get his land from?
{ "text": [ "the Dutch West India Company" ], "answer_start": [ 266 ] }
573250460fdd8d15006c6975
The_Bronx
Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla...
How much land did Bronck eventually own?
{ "text": [ "500 acres" ], "answer_start": [ 476 ] }
573250c3b9d445190005ea2f
The_Bronx
The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for...
What is the Bronx's county name?
{ "text": [ "The County of Bronx" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }
573250c3b9d445190005ea30
The_Bronx
The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for...
What is the Bronx's borough name?
{ "text": [ "Borough of the Bronx" ], "answer_start": [ 141 ] }
573250c3b9d445190005ea31
The_Bronx
The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for...
When was the Bronx created?
{ "text": [ "1874" ], "answer_start": [ 431 ] }
573250c3b9d445190005ea32
The_Bronx
The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for...
What county was the Bronx split off from?
{ "text": [ "Westchester" ], "answer_start": [ 451 ] }
573250c3b9d445190005ea33
The_Bronx
The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for...
When was the Bronx added to?
{ "text": [ "1898" ], "answer_start": [ 579 ] }
57325124e17f3d140042285b
The_Bronx
The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
When did farmers build a bridge over the Harlem River?
{ "text": [ "1759" ], "answer_start": [ 429 ] }
57325124e17f3d140042285c
The_Bronx
The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
Why did farmers build a bridge over the Harlem River?
{ "text": [ "tolls were resented" ], "answer_start": [ 361 ] }
57325124e17f3d140042285d
The_Bronx
The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
What strategic advantage did the Bronx's location have?
{ "text": [ "between New England and New York" ], "answer_start": [ 77 ] }
57325124e17f3d140042285e
The_Bronx
The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
When was Kingsbridge built?
{ "text": [ "1693" ], "answer_start": [ 239 ] }
57325124e17f3d140042285f
The_Bronx
The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
Who owned Kingsbridge?
{ "text": [ "Frederick Philipse" ], "answer_start": [ 313 ] }
5732516be17f3d1400422865
The_Bronx
The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York. The present Bronx County was contained in the town of Westchester and parts of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. In 1846, a new town, West Farms, w...
How many counties did New York originally have?
{ "text": [ "12" ], "answer_start": [ 102 ] }
5732516be17f3d1400422866
The_Bronx
The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York. The present Bronx County was contained in the town of Westchester and parts of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. In 1846, a new town, West Farms, w...
Parts of which towns became part of the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
5732516be17f3d1400422867
The_Bronx
The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York. The present Bronx County was contained in the town of Westchester and parts of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. In 1846, a new town, West Farms, w...
When was West Farms created?
{ "text": [ "1846" ], "answer_start": [ 289 ] }
5732516be17f3d1400422868
The_Bronx
The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York. The present Bronx County was contained in the town of Westchester and parts of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. In 1846, a new town, West Farms, w...
When was Morrisania created?
{ "text": [ "1855" ], "answer_start": [ 371 ] }
5732516be17f3d1400422869
The_Bronx
The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York. The present Bronx County was contained in the town of Westchester and parts of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. In 1846, a new town, West Farms, w...
When was the town of Kingsbridge created?
{ "text": [ "1873" ], "answer_start": [ 432 ] }
573251c0b9d445190005ea39
The_Bronx
The consolidation of the Bronx into New York City proceeded in two stages. In 1873, the state legislature annexed Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania to New York, effective in 1874; the three towns were abolished in the process. In 1895, three years before New York's consolidation with Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Is...
When did New York City annex Kingsbridge?
{ "text": [ "1873" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
573251c0b9d445190005ea3a
The_Bronx
The consolidation of the Bronx into New York City proceeded in two stages. In 1873, the state legislature annexed Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania to New York, effective in 1874; the three towns were abolished in the process. In 1895, three years before New York's consolidation with Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Is...
When did New York City annex West Farms?
{ "text": [ "1873" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
573251c0b9d445190005ea3b
The_Bronx
The consolidation of the Bronx into New York City proceeded in two stages. In 1873, the state legislature annexed Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania to New York, effective in 1874; the three towns were abolished in the process. In 1895, three years before New York's consolidation with Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Is...
When did New York City annex Morrisania?
{ "text": [ "1873" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }
573251c0b9d445190005ea3c
The_Bronx
The consolidation of the Bronx into New York City proceeded in two stages. In 1873, the state legislature annexed Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania to New York, effective in 1874; the three towns were abolished in the process. In 1895, three years before New York's consolidation with Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Is...
When did New York City annex part of Pelham?
{ "text": [ "1895" ], "answer_start": [ 235 ] }
573251c0b9d445190005ea3d
The_Bronx
The consolidation of the Bronx into New York City proceeded in two stages. In 1873, the state legislature annexed Kingsbridge, West Farms and Morrisania to New York, effective in 1874; the three towns were abolished in the process. In 1895, three years before New York's consolidation with Brooklyn, Queens and Staten Is...
When did New York City annex part of Eastchester?
{ "text": [ "1895" ], "answer_start": [ 235 ] }
5732521e0fdd8d15006c698f
The_Bronx
The history of the Bronx during the 20th century may be divided into four periods: a boom period during 1900–29, with a population growth by a factor of six from 200,000 in 1900 to 1.3 million in 1930. The Great Depression and post World War II years saw a slowing of growth leading into an eventual decline. The mid to ...
When was the Bronx's boom period?
{ "text": [ "1900–29" ], "answer_start": [ 104 ] }
5732521e0fdd8d15006c6990
The_Bronx
The history of the Bronx during the 20th century may be divided into four periods: a boom period during 1900–29, with a population growth by a factor of six from 200,000 in 1900 to 1.3 million in 1930. The Great Depression and post World War II years saw a slowing of growth leading into an eventual decline. The mid to ...
What was the Bronx's population in 1900?
{ "text": [ "200,000" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
5732521e0fdd8d15006c6991
The_Bronx
The history of the Bronx during the 20th century may be divided into four periods: a boom period during 1900–29, with a population growth by a factor of six from 200,000 in 1900 to 1.3 million in 1930. The Great Depression and post World War II years saw a slowing of growth leading into an eventual decline. The mid to ...
What was the Bronx's population in 1929?
{ "text": [ "1.3 million" ], "answer_start": [ 181 ] }
5732521e0fdd8d15006c6992
The_Bronx
The history of the Bronx during the 20th century may be divided into four periods: a boom period during 1900–29, with a population growth by a factor of six from 200,000 in 1900 to 1.3 million in 1930. The Great Depression and post World War II years saw a slowing of growth leading into an eventual decline. The mid to ...
When did the Bronx's income declined?
{ "text": [ "1950–85" ], "answer_start": [ 372 ] }
5732521e0fdd8d15006c6993
The_Bronx
The history of the Bronx during the 20th century may be divided into four periods: a boom period during 1900–29, with a population growth by a factor of six from 200,000 in 1900 to 1.3 million in 1930. The Great Depression and post World War II years saw a slowing of growth leading into an eventual decline. The mid to ...
When did the Bronx's economy regrow?
{ "text": [ "starting in the late 1980s" ], "answer_start": [ 567 ] }
573252870fdd8d15006c6999
The_Bronx
The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewis...
How many Jews lived in the Bronx in 1937?
{ "text": [ "592,185" ], "answer_start": [ 534 ] }
573252870fdd8d15006c699a
The_Bronx
The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewis...
How many Jews lived in the Bronx in 2011?
{ "text": [ "54,000" ], "answer_start": [ 614 ] }
573252870fdd8d15006c699b
The_Bronx
The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewis...
What led to the Bronx's population growth?
{ "text": [ "Extensions of the New York City Subway" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }
573252870fdd8d15006c699c
The_Bronx
The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewis...
What immigrant groups were the most prevalent in the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewish Americans" ], "answer_start": [ 265 ] }
573252870fdd8d15006c699d
The_Bronx
The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewis...
How much of the Bronx was Jewish in 1937?
{ "text": [ "43.9%" ], "answer_start": [ 567 ] }
573252e1e99e3014001e66bf
The_Bronx
Yet another may have been a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas of the Bronx — a process known as redlining. Others have suggested a "planned shrinkage" of municipal services, such as fire-fighting. There was ...
What might have encouraged landlords to abandon or destroy buildings?
{ "text": [ "rent control laws" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
573252e1e99e3014001e66c0
The_Bronx
Yet another may have been a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas of the Bronx — a process known as redlining. Others have suggested a "planned shrinkage" of municipal services, such as fire-fighting. There was ...
What example city service was cut back on in the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "fire-fighting" ], "answer_start": [ 295 ] }
573253330fdd8d15006c69a3
The_Bronx
In the 1970s, the Bronx was plagued by a wave of arson. The burning of buildings was predominantly in the poorest communities, like the South Bronx. The most common explanation of what occurred was that landlords decided to burn their low property-value buildings and take the insurance money as it was more lucrative to...
What crime was common in the Bronx in the 1970s?
{ "text": [ "arson" ], "answer_start": [ 49 ] }
573253330fdd8d15006c69a5
The_Bronx
In the 1970s, the Bronx was plagued by a wave of arson. The burning of buildings was predominantly in the poorest communities, like the South Bronx. The most common explanation of what occurred was that landlords decided to burn their low property-value buildings and take the insurance money as it was more lucrative to...
Where were poverty and unemployment the worst in the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "South Bronx" ], "answer_start": [ 528 ] }
573253910fdd8d15006c69a9
The_Bronx
Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing. Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx erected the Ne...
What city plan helped redevelop the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "\"Ten-Year Housing Plan\"" ], "answer_start": [ 104 ] }
573253910fdd8d15006c69aa
The_Bronx
Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing. Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx erected the Ne...
How many units are in the Nehemiah Homes?
{ "text": [ "about 1,000" ], "answer_start": [ 338 ] }
573253910fdd8d15006c69ab
The_Bronx
Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing. Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx erected the Ne...
Who built the Nehemiah Homes?
{ "text": [ "Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx" ], "answer_start": [ 255 ] }
573253910fdd8d15006c69ac
The_Bronx
Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing. Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx erected the Ne...
Who led the Melrose Commons project?
{ "text": [ "Nos Quedamos" ], "answer_start": [ 386 ] }
573253910fdd8d15006c69ad
The_Bronx
Since the late 1980s, significant development has occurred in the Bronx, first stimulated by the city's "Ten-Year Housing Plan" and community members working to rebuild the social, economic and environmental infrastructure by creating affordable housing. Groups affiliated with churches in the South Bronx erected the Ne...
How many bank branches were in the Bronx by 2007?
{ "text": [ "149" ], "answer_start": [ 710 ] }
573253fa0fdd8d15006c69b3
The_Bronx
In 1997, the Bronx was designated an All America City by the National Civic League, acknowledging its comeback from the decline of the mid-century. In 2006, The New York Times reported that "construction cranes have become the borough's new visual metaphor, replacing the window decals of the 1980s in which pictures of ...
What award did the Bronx receive in 1997?
{ "text": [ "All America City" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }
573253fa0fdd8d15006c69b4
The_Bronx
In 1997, the Bronx was designated an All America City by the National Civic League, acknowledging its comeback from the decline of the mid-century. In 2006, The New York Times reported that "construction cranes have become the borough's new visual metaphor, replacing the window decals of the 1980s in which pictures of ...
Who gave the Bronx an award in 1997?
{ "text": [ "the National Civic League" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }
573253fa0fdd8d15006c69b6
The_Bronx
In 1997, the Bronx was designated an All America City by the National Civic League, acknowledging its comeback from the decline of the mid-century. In 2006, The New York Times reported that "construction cranes have become the borough's new visual metaphor, replacing the window decals of the 1980s in which pictures of ...
How many housing units were built in the Bronx in 2002-2007?
{ "text": [ "33,687" ], "answer_start": [ 511 ] }
573253fa0fdd8d15006c69b7
The_Bronx
In 1997, the Bronx was designated an All America City by the National Civic League, acknowledging its comeback from the decline of the mid-century. In 2006, The New York Times reported that "construction cranes have become the borough's new visual metaphor, replacing the window decals of the 1980s in which pictures of ...
How much was invested in housing in the Bronx in 2002-2007?
{ "text": [ "$4.8 billion" ], "answer_start": [ 572 ] }
5732547be17f3d1400422879
The_Bronx
Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consid...
What was the largest armory in the world?
{ "text": [ "Kingsbridge Armory" ], "answer_start": [ 169 ] }
5732547be17f3d140042287a
The_Bronx
Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consid...
What is Kingsbridge Armory being turned into?
{ "text": [ "Kingsbridge National Ice Center" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
5732547be17f3d140042287b
The_Bronx
Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consid...
Where is a La Quinta being built in the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "the Mott Haven waterfront" ], "answer_start": [ 138 ] }
5732547be17f3d140042287c
The_Bronx
Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consid...
How much development space would a Concourse Yard platform provide?
{ "text": [ "2,000,000 square feet" ], "answer_start": [ 504 ] }
5732547be17f3d140042287d
The_Bronx
Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consid...
How much would a Concourse Yard platform cost?
{ "text": [ "US$350–500 million" ], "answer_start": [ 569 ] }
573254c7e17f3d1400422883
The_Bronx
The Bronx is almost entirely situated on the North American mainland. The Hudson River separates the Bronx on the west from Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs in Bergen County, New Jersey; the Harlem River separates it from the island of Manhattan to the southwest; the East River separates it from Queens to the south...
What's on the other side of the Hudson from the Bronx?
{ "text": [ "Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs" ], "answer_start": [ 124 ] }
573254c7e17f3d1400422884
The_Bronx
The Bronx is almost entirely situated on the North American mainland. The Hudson River separates the Bronx on the west from Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs in Bergen County, New Jersey; the Harlem River separates it from the island of Manhattan to the southwest; the East River separates it from Queens to the south...
What county is Tenafly in?
{ "text": [ "Bergen County" ], "answer_start": [ 164 ] }
573254c7e17f3d1400422885
The_Bronx
The Bronx is almost entirely situated on the North American mainland. The Hudson River separates the Bronx on the west from Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs in Bergen County, New Jersey; the Harlem River separates it from the island of Manhattan to the southwest; the East River separates it from Queens to the south...
What state is Alpine in?
{ "text": [ "New Jersey" ], "answer_start": [ 179 ] }