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Very easy finance question
In an efficient market investor rapidly make buy and sell decisions that cause this new dividend information to be quickly reflected in the company's stock price. Go to the internet and search for "dividend announcements" and find an article about a specific dividend announcement that resulted in a change in stock price. After you find your article, answer the following question
1. Provide a citation (web site address so I can look it up) of the article and list the dividend change that occurred.
2. What has happened to stock price since the announcement? Is this what you would expect given the content of the article | eng | 0a0c5ee9-8555-4ea5-8530-e88062bc5e49 | https://gradeassitance.com/very-easy-finance-question/ |
Product description
American Secret Projects 3: Airlifters since 1962 hardcover
American Secret Projects 3: Airlifters: why they did, or did not, succeed. This untold story of aviation history also has a major bearing on the development of civil aviation. The book, and its companion volume, American Secret Projects 2, covers airlifter designs from WWII to the start of the 1960s, and has been made possible by the authors being given unprecedented access to major aerospace company archives, uncovering scores of design proposals which have never previously been revealed. As well as describing how airlifters were progressively developed to meet evermore demanding military transport requirements, the book looks at their other roles, from nuclear test-beds to Space Shuttle carriers. Describing over 100 unknown, or little known, designs, including all the competitors to the C-5 and entries for the Tri-Service V/STOL transport competition, the book has over 400 illustrations, the majority of which have never previously been published, detailing some of the largest and most incredible aircraft ever conceived
| eng | 91d57427-338a-4882-bd21-54e033223253 | https://www.avworld.ca/american-secret-projects-3-airlifters-since-1962-h.html |
Protect your mouth while you're on the go
Teeth: we all have them, but we forget how important they are to our lives. We tell our kids to make sure to brush, but things get so busy we might sometimes forget to care for our own. It turns out there's a lot of research showing that your oral health—how healthy your mouth is—can affect your overall health.
What's a busy mom to do when it's all we can do to keep the kids alive and thriving, let alone change out of our stained pajamas (don't even talk to me about makeup)?
It may sound weird but chewing sugar-free gum is a great way to take care of your teeth, which then helps your overall health. Research has found that people who regularly chew sugar-free gum develop 28% fewer cavities compared to those who don't.
Preventing cavities isn't the only reason to chew gum though.
Oral health matters at every stage of motherhood
Chewing sugar-free gum can help in your earliest days of mommyhood.
According to Dr. Miller and Dr. Sharma, when you're pregnant, higher hormone levels make your gums more vulnerable to bacteria and inflammation that can migrate via blood to the fetus. You're also more vulnerable to gum disease. Sadly, there are even some links between gum disease and preemie births, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes.
Sugar-free gum helps by stimulating your saliva production to 10-12 times its normal amount, making your saliva more alkaline, neutralizing acid and soothing inflammation.
Few people realize our mouth is home to the oral microbiome, made of more than 700 microbes. Our mouth is in constant contact with our gut microbiome and this means that the steps you take to maintain your oral health can have direct impacts on your digestive health, immune health, allergies, and even your metabolism.
Here's another weird fact: Saliva is the hidden hero of oral health and the body's natural defense system for mouth and teeth. It has anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties, which is whythe saliva increase from chewing sugar-free gum is such a natural health benefit.
Saliva gets rid of food particles trapped on and around teeth and has an antimicrobial and cleansing effect, degrading bacterial cell walls and inhibiting bacteria growth. Its important minerals, like calcium and phosphate ions, also reinforce tooth enamel.
Chewing gum restores your mouth pH
If you're like me, snack time for the kids is also snack time for mom.
But most people don't know that every time you eat or drink something, your mouth pH becomes acidic, allowing bad bacteria to thrive. When we eat, the sugar and starches in our snacks feed tooth bacteria, eroding tooth enamel and dentine and causing tooth decay.
So try to throw a pack of chewing gum in the diaper bag or your purse to pop after having a snack. Increased saliva flow within the mouth can neutralize and wash away the acids that are produced when food is eaten. Saliva helps return your mouth to a neutral pH level and rebuild the protective enamel of teeth, a process called remineralization.
Chewing gum helps with mask breath
It also refreshes your mouth and breath, which we all need after all this mask wearing from COVID-19!
Next time you're at the grocery store or making an online order, be sure to grab some sugar-free chewing gum. It's an affordable and easy step you can take today to take care of yourself | eng | 06a35c45-f81d-4c3c-b95d-7d48e7e24d42 | https://momblogsociety.com/protect-your-mouth-while-youre-on-the-go/ |
services
Refinance
At Equity National Title, we're very proud of our refinance process. It's streamlined for speed and efficiency and it offers a high level of visibility to the homeowner so they always know what's happening. Our focus is ultimately on their experience, so we provide them with one "go-to" person who walks them through the process and makes sure they feel secure and supported. This person is also a proactive support person for the lender since all documents are handled and organized for you, leaving you spending less time handling paperwork and giving you more time to close loans. | eng | adffe6e8-0be7-4f60-aefe-7c824a48e008 | https://www.equitynationaltitle.com/services/refinance |
Lecture 14: Degrees of Consistency
Read:
Gray, Jim, et al. "Granularity of Locking and Degrees of Consistency in a Shared Data Base." From Modeling in Data Base Management Systems. Edited by G. M. Nijssen. 1976. In the Red Book.
This paper presents two distinct ideas: first, the notion that there is a "hierarchy of locking" — e.g., that databases can lock pages, tables, tuples, or fields, and that there is a tradeoff between these various degrees of locking. Second, the paper presents that idea that there are different degrees of consistency which transactions can require, and those different degrees imply different locking disciplines with different performance characteristics.
As you read the paper, consider the following questions:
What is the tradeoff between coarse granularity (e.g., table-level) and fine granularity (e.g., tuple-level) locks in a database system?
How does hierarchical locking help address the phantom problem (hint: see page 374 and the discussion of index-interval locks.)
What are the performance tradeoffs between the different degrees of locking?
How does degree-0 locking ensure compatibility with all other locking modes? | eng | bfdef2e5-d1c7-466b-af0f-7aebf9fd026a | https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-830-database-systems-fall-2010/pages/readings/lec14/ |
Pages
Wednesday, October 14, 2009
*No bullshit, as much as I enjoy GQ and their tips, I actually don't need to follow these things because I have pure, unadulterated style meaning, if I put it on, it's in. This is a joke - obviously Chris. | eng | 5daef119-b7de-422c-b72d-e32b9044b506 | http://www.illrapper.com/2009/10/how-to-survive-winter-in-style-by-gq.html |
Most senior citizens advise young individuals to travel more and see the globe. Traveling does not need costly holidays or vacations. The whole point of traveling is to explore new places on an unscheduled basis. Doing this opens your mind to unique options that will enhance your quality of life.
In many ways, traveling is great. You'll get to try new activities, meet new people, sample fresh foods, and learn about other cultures. Even though most of us believe we should wait to travel until we purchase our vehicles, earn that promotion, or win the lottery, despite how wonderful it is.
The earliest you can leave should be taken. To go to new areas, you don't need to be wealthy. All you need are willingness and drive. Life is precarious. You will regret not allowing yourself to travel and see the world on your deathbed. There are a significant number of individuals that take pleasure in traveling everywhere.
How a Traveler Finds Romance in Every Place Surrounding Nature?
Let's examine some traits that frequent travelers have in common. Remember that many of these qualities may be learned and improved the more one travels. You can improve yourself via trip:
1. They are intrepid
Traveling often entails taking risks and exploring uncharted territory. It involves visiting a new location, meeting new people, and participating in novel experiences. Travelers are inherently adventurous since they travel. The more we travel, the more we feed this spirit since it is a part of who we are.
2. They exhibit empathy
Travellers are empathic people. This results from the variety of experiences they have had, the type of cultures they've encountered, and the variety of individuals they've met. In certain places, there may be extreme poverty. With random strangers, they shall exchange tales. They will take on a variety of occupations, such as bartending, cleaning, and even waiting tables.
3. They are interested and open to learning.
Travelers always learn new things as they go from place to place and interact with different individuals (whether out of choice or not). They have a vibrant curiosity in everything and are keen to learn new skills or discover cultural practices.
4. Change is welcome; it's a way of life.
The one thing that never changes while traveler travel. They often find themselves in the company of unfamiliar people and surroundings. Traveller eventually comes to embrace such adjustments. They come to anticipate them. They know they probably won't be around long when they meet someone new and have their own travel plans. Change becomes the norm.
5. They are more conscious of ourselves
Self-awareness is the understanding and awareness of characteristics and personalities. It also helps us better comprehend who travelers are and how others see them. It is the initial phase of EQ development and is influenced by their experiences. As travelers, they rely on many encounters with individuals and cultures. Travelers' ability to reflect on their traveling experiences often helps them become more self-aware.
#6. They are more appreciative
The root or starting point from which appreciation develops is gratitude. When travelers travel, they often contact poor individuals. They encounter behaviors that appear ethically repugnant. This increases their appreciation for what they already have for having access to food. To have the means to go on the trip in the first place. It's simple to overlook.
7. They are more grateful
Traveler appreciation grows from their sentiments of thanks. Things that they previously took for granted now have beauty for us. They acknowledge that the food on their plates provides the nutrients they need. Travelers appreciate its worth. They understand the importance those hiking shoes give in supporting their feet on each trek. They are grateful for their friends and relatives back home. Their gratitude has increased.
8. They have a lot of independence
While traveling in Parks In South London, travelers managed to arrange their housing and employment. They become aware that they travel alone on the vast planet. Every move they make and every action they do is their responsibility, as is the place they go. the locations they see. Those with whom they engage. They develop the ability to handle any difficulties that may arise, like arranging for visas, making hotel reservations, or even arranging for employment.
Conclusion
Considering the benefits of traveling, you already have more than enough to consider. Don't put off going on vacation until something significant occurs in your life. Always wide open are the doors. Additionally, you don't need to be wealthy to begin traveling. You have everything you need to set off on your quest.
Traveler love traveling as they learn about other cultures, sample new cuisines, meet new people, and see new sights. Life is valuable. Take as numerous trips as you can while having fun. | eng | 28cb88a5-55b4-4e17-8083-6cc576062668 | https://thetechwide.com/how-a-traveler-finds-romance-in-every-places/ |
I just bought a Hobart 100 welder as a repair project. It allegedly has a faulty wire-feed mechanism, but I haven't yet confirmed this, and I couldn't find a loose spool of welding wire today to test it. Is there any reason why I shouldn't use ordinary copper or steel wire of the right diameter, provided I don't actually try to weld with it? | eng | dd324f82-1506-404e-904f-bcf81f4087ad | https://talk.makeict.org/t/sold-hobart-handler-100-welder/21908 |
E-PAPER
VISITOR GUIDE
February is Black History Month: Read. Explore. Learn.
The designation of February as Black History Month is meant as a time to learn about Black Canadians and their important contributions to the development and fabric of Canada both past and present. Black Lives Matter is not only a US movement but also a Canadian one.
In December 1995 the Honourable Jean Augustine, first Black woman elected to Parliament, introduced a motion to recognize February as Black History Month. In 2008 Black History Month was formally established by a unanimous vote in Parliament on the motion introduced by Senator Donald Oliver, first Black man appointed to the Senate.
The first recorded enslaved African in Canada (New France) was Olivier Le Jeune in 1628. Enslavement continued to be a practice in the French/English colonies until slavery was abolished in Upper Canada in 1793 and throughout the entire British Empire in 1833. This, however, was followed by the embedding of systematic racism throughout Canada and the consequent struggle by Blacks to achieve acceptance and recognition for their contributions to Canadian society; the story of which still unfolds.
We often look to the United States for books by Black authors about slavery, Black issues and inspirational Black men and women; however, Canada has her own long list of Black authors who write about the Black experience in poetry, fiction and nonfiction. This February beckons you, the reader – to explore.
Some of the books I have read and can suggest for reading this month and, of course, beyond are the following: They Call Me George (NF) by Cecil Foster; Half-Blood Blues (F) and Washington Black (F) by Esi Edugyan; Steal Away Home (NF) by Karolyn Smardz Frost; The Hanging of Angélique (NF) by Afua Cooper; FifteenDogs (F) by André Alexis; and, of course, the award-winning Book of Negroes (HF) by Lawrence Hill.
Non-Canadian books that I have read recently that are very informative and thought provoking in these times of BLM, are: Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents by Isabel Wilkerson; The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander; White Supremacy and Me by Layla F. Saad; How to be an Antiracist by Ibram X Kendi; and All Boys Aren't Blue by George M. Johnson. The content in all of these is worth the read for Canadians to help all of us recognize discriminatory behavior towards and treatment of Black and Indigenous peoples in this country. Awareness is the basis of action. | eng | 4b00a663-7dee-477d-9443-c0c1049ee5e9 | https://thereview.ca/2021/02/01/february-is-black-history-month-read-explore-learn/ |
Podcast available – The Power of a Positive Attitude: A Discussion with Principal Baruti Kafele
After decades as a highly regarded teacher and school leader in New Jersey, Principal Baruti Kafele began a journey to share his knowledge and experience with educators across the country. On a recently released episode of Keystone Education Radio, podcast host Annette Stevenson and Principal Kafele discuss his career, the attitude gap, how to approach conversations about racism and social injustice, his role in transforming Newark Tech into an award-winning high school, and why he has been coined as America's discomfort speaker.
To listen to this and other episodes of Keystone Education Radio, visit keyedradio.org. | eng | 509295ac-eefa-4dff-b44d-4b6015aff513 | https://www.psba.org/2020/09/podcast-available-the-power-of-a-positive-attitude-a-discussion-with-principal-baruti-kafele/ |
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Long COVID News: A new clinical update by researchers from Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm-Sweden and Lund University, Malmö-Sweden reports that autonomic dysfunction and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) are common occurrences in Long COVID.
Typically, autonomic dysfunction develops when the nerves of the ANS (autonomic nervous system) are damaged. This condition is called autonomic neuropathy or dysautonomia. Autonomic dysfunction can range from mild to life-threatening as the ANS controls several basic functions including heart rate, body temperature, breathing rate, digestion and sensation. It can affect part of the ANS or the entire ANS. Autonomic dysfunction occurs when the autonomic nervous system, which controls functions responsible for well-being and maintaining balance, does not regulate properly.
Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an abnormal increase in heart rate that occurs after sitting up or standing. POTS symptoms are often due to a sudden surge in heart rate and the body struggling to pump blood back to the heart quickly enough. POTS happens when the autonomic nervous system doesn't work as it should.
The symptoms of POTS include but are not limited to lightheadedness or dizziness, (occasionally with fainting), difficulty thinking and concentrating (brain fog), fatigue, intolerance of exercise, headache, blurry vision, palpitations, tremor and nausea.
The post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or Long COVID present major problems for many patients, their physicians and the health-care system. They are unrelated to the severity of the initial infection, are often highly symptomatic and can occur after vaccination.
Many sequelae involve cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in 30% of individuals. Prognosis is unknown, and treatment is still unsatisfactory.
When the COVID-19 pandemic was declared in early 2020, no one anticipated the long-term consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Initially, the focus was only on survival from acute infection. However, during mid-2020 emergence of a new group of patients known as post-COVID-19 long-haulers took place.
Many of these individuals reported to be constantly tired, often young or middle-aged women, incapable of work, and had multiple symptoms such as chest pain, exercise intolerance, tachycardia, and heart
palpitations.
Numerous physicians, neurologists, and cardiologists indicated some of these symptoms to be ideal for the symptoms of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Additionally, other cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions like inappropriate sinus tachycardia were also reported.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome or POTS is now indicated to be a major phenotype in the new post-acute COVID-19 syndrome that occurs in about 30 percent of highly symptomatic patients. However, other forms of cardiovascular dysautonomia like hypotension or orthostatic intolerance and vasovagal reflex susceptibility, have also been observed.
This clinical update aimed to analyze the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 that can pose a threat to patients, their doctors, and the healthcare system.
Typically, the confirmation of POTS requires correctly interpreted cardiovascular autonomic testing. There was an increase in chronotropic response of more than 30 beats per minute when standing, as well as chronic fatigue and orthostatic intolerance along with maintained blood pressure. Additionally, other symptoms are also involved, such as sleep disturbances, brain fog, migraine, muscle weakness, and chest pain. This resulted in the referral of patients to various clinical specialties due to confusion regarding diagnosis.
Many recent studies have highlighted the need for more diagnostic vigilance, new therapeutic options, and greater availability of healthcare resources to better understand the place of POTS in the post-COVID-19 landscape.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome or POTS and other related conditions have been reported to develop three months post severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection but can also develop following vaccination.
Hence this implies that such factors can trigger an autoimmune response in susceptible individuals.
Additionally, these cardiovascular dysautonomias have been reported to be independent of the severity of the initial infection.
More detailed research is warranted to understand the immunomodulating agent associated with misdirected or overstimulated immune responses. Moreover, research should also focus on identifying genetic or epidemiological markers of increased cardiovascular dysautonomia risk.
Worryingly, the post-COVID-19 cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction can lead not only to a POTS-like pattern but also to blood pressure instability, tachycardia at rest, and local circulatory disorders.
Also, the various symptoms observed in POTS might be due to microvascular dysfunction along with inadequate macrovascular and microvascular responses.
Already a few studies indicated that microvascular dysfunction is an important mechanism of post-COVID-19 complications.
Typically, all such dysautonomic phenotypes can coexist and primarily affect young and middle-aged women. Therefore, phenotyping of POTS in cohorts of patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome is required to identify reliable biomarkers and develop effective therapies for the syndrome.
For the latest LONG COVID News, keep on logging to Thailand Medical News. | eng | 0e2bba48-aae1-4d28-9cfc-01a5f8a57b39 | https://www.thailandmedical.news/news/long-covid-news-postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots-and-dysautonomia-are-common-occurrences-in-long-covid |
Economic well-being increased most among LGBT people of color and in households with children
A new study by the Williams Institute at UCLA School of Law finds a dramatic decrease in the number of LGBT and non-LGBT people experiencing poverty since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of LGBT people experiencing poverty dropped from 23% in 2020 to 17% in 2021. During the same period, poverty declined from 16% to 12% for non-LGBT people.
In 2021, poverty decreased for all subpopulations of LGBT people except cisgender lesbian women. The most notable declines in poverty from 2020 to 2021 were seen among transgender people (35% to 21%) and cisgender bisexual women (30% to 20%). LGBT households with children also experienced a significant drop in poverty. The poverty rate of cisgender bisexual women (42% to 27%) and transgender people (52% to 26%) with children decreased considerably between 2020 and 2021.
Researchers analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the U.S. Census Household Pulse Survey to examine the rates of poverty among LGBT and non-LGBT people during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. This report is an update to the Williams Institute's 2019 LGBT Poverty in the United States report.
"Recent studies have suggested the drop in poverty after 2020 in the general population is a sign of the positive impact of the COVID-19 stimulus programs," said lead author Bianca D.M. Wilson, Senior Scholar of Public Policy at the Williams Institute. "Future research should examine how disparities in eligibility and access to these types of social programs may contribute to the differences in poverty among LGBT subgroups."
Households with children experienced a significant drop in poverty between 2020 and 2021:
LGBT households: 36% to 26%
Cisgender straight households: 24% to 16%
Poverty rates were higher for people of color overall, both LGBT and non-LGBT, at both time points though a decline was seen among all groups from 2020 to 2021:
LGBT POC: 33% to 25%
Cisgender straight POC: 27% to 20%
White LGBT: 16% to 13%
Cisgender straight white: 8% to 7%
"While this study finds a drop in the percentages of people experiencing poverty across the US population, economic disparities between LGBT and non-LGBT people persist," said study author M.V. Lee Badgett, Distinguished Scholar at the Williams Institute. "Addressing contributors to elevated rates of poverty among LGBT people, including unemployment, poor health, and disability, is vital to reduce poverty among LGBT adults."
The Williams Institute at UCLA School of Law, a think tank on sexual orientation and gender identity law and public policy, is dedicated to conducting rigorous, independent research with real-world relevance | eng | cf29dc81-5715-45ad-9bec-ce348bd7609b | https://www.windycitytimes.com/lgbt/LGBT-poverty-dropped-to-17-during-the-COVID-19-pandemic/74609.html |
Google Earth broke new ground (new water?) when they took the world of virtual-earth-exploring into the oceans. Of course, the oceans are kind of big. They fill up nearly three-quarters of the earth's surface area, and most of that area hasn't been mapped out. But now you can tour roughly half of the known area without pulling on any SCUBA gear, thanks to Google's new underwater terrain explorer.
Seeing the sea floor is just the beginning of the fun. Along the way, Google Earth points out eruptions, sea animals and other scientific points of interest from Hawaii to New York, all in nicely clear high resolution. (You can take a virtual tour through some highlights if the entire ocean world seems overwhelming.) This imagery represents nearly two decades of collected data from research ships that travelled about three million nautical miles and a partnership with scientists at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.
It's a pretty amazing tool–finally, there's a reason to venture off the green-brown mass on which we live and venture beneath the blue. At least on Google Maps. We'd understand if you wanted to sit inside today and enjoy your air conditioning.Click here for a glimpse of the underwater experience.
While large parts of the undersea terrain remain a delightful mystery for scientists, armchair deep-sea divers can now use Google Earth to explore an area slightly larger than North America. Oceans cover more than 71 percent of the earth.
Watery Sky Above
The seafloor highlight tour plunges the viewer into the sea from the sky. Disappointingly, there's no huge splash, but that doesn't diminish from giving you the feeling that you're swimming above ocean terrain.
Zooming In
Google Earth provides more than a fly-by look at the undersea mountains and trenches. Viewers can zoom in on the geographical features, visiting the well-known Marianas Trench or touring the Pacific Ocean's rocky floor.
Deep Sea Vents
Skeptical about how much entertainment this could provide? A second highlight tour video, appropriately called Deep Sea Vents Google Earth Tour, contains videos of volcanic eruptions. The several magma-filled minutes might make you an avid (virtual) sea explorer yet! | eng | 80713853-210a-46bc-aa45-4858c66c1c13 | https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2011-06/google-earth-goes-under-sea/ |
This half term we will be learning about Neil Armstrong and the race to space. We will be finding out what countries were involved in the space race and find where these are located on the map using our knowledge of continents and oceans.
In literacy we will be using our book focus of the half term, field trip to the moon to write a recount from a different characters point of view using all of the skills that we have learnt so far in year two. Additionally we will also be creating a fact file about Neil Armstrong and other astronauts using our narrative approach.
For science this half term we will be learning the name of the plants to go alongside our space theme and we will be exploring different materials and their properties.
For all of our learning this half term we are going to be applying all of the skills that we have learnt throughout year two to become independent learners.
At the end of the half term the children will be designing and making their own space buggy as part of their DT project, parents will be invited in to help their child make these.
Merton Mission - Please choose from below. It can be done at any time during the half term. This should be a fun and enjoyable time with your child to embed their learning skills.
Due in: Friday 19th May
Read it: Read about the moon landing
Make it: Make a junk model rocket ready for blast off!
Do it: Learn the planet song uploaded to Google Classroom.
The Planet Song - 8 Planets of the Solar System Song
Neil Armstrong - First Moon Landing 1969
Neil Armstrong, the first man to set foot on the moon
Field Trip to the Moon - John Hare
Spring 2 - The Titanic.
This half term we will be investigating the maritime disaster that was the Titanic. We'll be exploring the different classes on the Titanic and what it was like to be in 1st, 2nd and 3rd class. We'll be looking at where the Titanic was made and the events leading up to her sinking. The children will be deciding which factor was the most important for the reason that she sank and who was to blame. We'll be using Geographical language to understand her voyage across the Atlantic and why it was important that she set sail from Southampton Port.
In literacy we'll be looking at the story of Grandad's Island by Benji Davies. Through using this text we'll be exploring the best language to use to describe a scene and developing our own writing style. We'll be writing a diary entry from the point of view of either main character Syd or Grandad. Through this we'll be developing our own understanding of past tense and contractions. At the end of the half term we'll be writing a recount on our own experiences at being passengers on the Titanic.
In Science we are going to understand what is involved with setting up an experiment. We'll use the language prediction and fair test to find out what a plant needs to grow. In the classroom we'll be Scientists in planting cress seeds and measuring whether they grow if their conditions change. We'll be using our learning on collecting data in our maths lessons too when we investigate the temperature between Merton Infant School, Southampton Port and New York.
Grandad's Island
Read Aloud by Robert Power An unforgettable story by Benji Davies. Syd's Grandad takes him across the ocean to a wonderful island. The only problem is, Grandad is thinking of staying...
What does a plant need to grow?
This half term the children will be travelling back in time and learning about the 'Lady with the lamp' Florence Nightingale and why she is one of the most famous women in British history. The children will explore and understand how hospitals and our lives have changed since the 1800's.
We will be looking at the traditional fairy tale - Little Red Riding Hood creating wanted and missing posters and writing letters of thanks to someone from the story in addition to someone in the NHS or who has helped them.
In Maths we are looking at multiplication, division, fractions and time. We will be exploring our times tables and will continue with our weekly spellings. Our weekly spelling reflect the spelling rules that we are currently learning in class.
Art we are going to be exploring Pablo Picasso, using different mediums and shapes that can be used to create a final piece using cubism.
During our science and PE lessons we are going to be learning how to keep our bodies healthy. This will be linked with all areas of their learning in these and other lessons.
Autumn 2 - Let's Explore: The Rainforest.
In this half term the children will be continuing their investigation into the different climates and reaches of our Planet. Using inspirational speeches from; Greta Thunberg, David Attenborough and key note speakers at this years COP27, the children will be writing persuasive letters to other children and adults to change the way we look after our planet.
The children will be looking at fictional stories of "A Rang-Tan in my bedroom" and "Greta and the Giants" in addition to non fiction texts around the Rainforest and our planet to build their knowledge for their writing.
Iceland Advert - There's a Rang-Tan in my Bedroom
There's a Rang-Tan in my Bedroom
World Book Day's offering sees a book in partnership with Greenpeace and Iceland (the supermarket not the country). It sees an orangutang come and stay with a little girl and cause chaos but why did she come to stay with her in the first place? Narrated by Anne James.
Greta and the Giants [Children's story | Read Aloud]
Greta Thunberg to world leaders: 'How dare you? You have stolen my dreams and my childhood'
Watch Greta Thunberg speak to an audience of adults over how we're not looking after our planet.
Autumn 1 - Lets Explore: Frozen Planet
In this first half term we will be exploring the Frozen aspects of our planet Earth. We'll be looking at Ernest Shackleton's Journey to the Antarctic and how he used our school values of 'Never give up' and 'Teamwork' to survive. Using our Geography skills we'll explore the Oceans and the Continents and to look at how the climates change. We'll explore the lives of penguins understanding how the survive in these conditions.
Launching our topic will be a message from David Attenborough asking us to think of ways we can spread a message about looking after our planet.
Blue Penguin
The story of the Blue Penguin which we'll be writing about in our Literacy | eng | aaa93678-78da-4744-9d5f-cb2ce3b5a6a7 | https://www.mertoninfants.com/eagle-owls-y2/ |
Definitions for Psalms 98:5
Clarke's Psalms 98:5 Bible Commentary
With - the voice of a Psalm - I think זמרה zimrah, which we translate Psalm, means either a musical instrument, or a species of ode modulated by different voices.
Barnes's Psalms 98:5 Bible Commentary
Sing unto the Lord with the harp - A song or psalm accompanied by the harp. On the harp. See the notes at Isaiah 5:12.
And the voice of a psalm - The voice in singing; a musical voice. Let it not be mere instrumental music, but let that be accompanied with the voice uttering intelligible sounds or words. The only proper use of instrumental music in the worship of God is to deepen the impression which the words are adapted to make; to secure a better influence of truth on the heart. | eng | b16f83ea-36d7-4132-9d21-23d14366f8bb | https://www.godtube.com/bible/psalms/98-5 |
The Slippery Year Reader's Guide
The Slippery Year Reader's Guide
READERS GUIDE
Melanie Gideon "has written a love song to her family and to life. What a lovely song it is. . . . It is a kind book, a loving book, a funny book, often a wise book. Its author is lucky; she is fortunate, blessed and has the saving grace to know it." —San Francisco Chronicle
The questions, discussion topics, and reading list that follow are intended to enhance your reading group's discussion of The Slippery Year, Melanie Gideon's candid, charming, and piquant memoir of her forty-fourth year.
Introduction
"We are all so curious. Hungry for the truth. If only we could ask the questions we really want to ask of each other and get the real answers. Like how many times a month do you have sex? What prescription drugs are you on? Are you happy? Really happy? Happy enough?"
For anybody who has ever wondered privately Is this all there is?, Melanie Gideon's poignant, hilarious, exuberant meditation, The Slippery Year, chronicles a year in which she confronts both the fantasies of her receding youth and the realities of midlife with a husband, a child, and a dog (one of whom runs away). She reflects on the exigencies of domesticity—the need for a household catastrophe plan, the fainting spell occasioned by the departure of her nine-year-old son for camp, the mattress wars, and the carpool line. With tenderness, unsparing honesty, and uproarious wit, Gideon brings us back again and again to the sweetness of ordinary pleasures and to life's most enduring satisfactions. She captures perfectly that moment right before everything changes when the things we have loved forever begin to fall away.
The Slippery Year is the story of a woman's quest to reignite passion, beauty, and mystery and discover if "happily ever after" is a possibility after all.
Questions and Topics for Discussion
1. What does the phrase "The Slippery Year" mean to you? To the author?
2. Reread the T. S. Eliot quote on page ix. Why do you think Gideon chose this particular quote? What does it signify?
3. In an interview with The New York Times, Gideon said, "In writing about nothing, I was writing about everything." What did she mean by that?
4. How does Gideon use humor in the book? How does it shape your opinion of her?
5. Why is Gideon so reluctant to spend time in her husband's van? Is there something more to it than comfort?
6. On page 30, Gideon writes, "There comes a time in every mother's life when it becomes very clear that your child is a much better person than you are." Have you ever had a moment like that?
7. Several times in the book, Gideon talks about her faulty memory. Why do you imagine she has such trouble remembering things, especially good things?
8. On page 45, Gideon writes, "I've come to realize a call to adventure really means a call to feel really bad about yourself and all your shortcomings." Do you agree? How does this fear affect Gideon's life? Does she overcome it?
9. Compare Gideon's relationship with her mother to her relationship with Ben. How is she like her mother and how is she different?
10. Reread the passage on page 79 that describes her mother's understanding of why she was born. How does Gideon herself feel about it? What is your take on it?
11. In what ways does being a twin shape Gideon's life and attitude? How is her relationship with her twin different from her relationship with her other sisters?
12. What does Gideon learn from her friend Renée, in the chapter about Pee Wee lacrosse?
13. On page 127, Gideon says, "I long for community, yet I shy away from intimacy." Why do you think she does this? By the end of the book, does she still feel the same way? In what ways has she changed?
14. How does the woman weeping in the car pool line affect Gideon? Why is the car pool line so important?
15. Given Gideon's overall attitude of fear, why does she drive Ben on a long car trip when the ophthalmologist had told her not to get behind the wheel?
16. What does Gideon learn from having to live with a scratched cornea?
17. Reread and discuss the passage on pages 208-209 in which Gideon describes her notion of home as a choice.
18. Why don't they bury Bodhi in Maine?
19. In the end does Gideon discover her happily ever after? Is there such a thing as happily ever after? How about happily ever now?
About this Author
Melanie Gideon lives in the Bay Area with her husband and son. The first chapter of The Slippery Year originally appeared in slightly altered form in the "Modern Love" column of The New York Times.
Suggested Reading
Bad Mother: A Chronicle of Maternal Crimes, Minor Calamities and Occasional Moments of Grace by Ayelet Waldman; I Don't Know How She Does It by Allison Pearson; I Loved, I Lost, I Made Spaghetti by Giulia Melucci; What I Thought I Knew by Alice Eve Cohen; The Gift of an Ordinary Day: A Mother's Memoir by Katrina Kenison | eng | 5a310fbd-ef4f-497f-891d-8d4b098ddc7f | https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/59716/the-slippery-year-by-melanie-gideon/9780307454867/readers-guide/ |
Intermediate Level – Slap Bass Study #1
This slap study is written in 12/8 time and is therefore played with a shuffle feel. Playing slapped lines against this feel is far less common than playing over straight sixteenth note-based grooves and as a result, is something that many bass players struggle with. In addition, this piece also features tenths, popped double stops, and some tricky unison parts 45 MINUTES long and contains the following videos, each of which can be selected from the video player above:
1. Intermediate Level Slap Bass Study #1
This video is a demonstration of the piece, performed on a 1966 Fender Jazz bass.
2. Course Overview
In this video I'll be talking about the shuffle groove and the difficulties it presents when playing slap bass parts. I'll also be talking about some famous pieces that make use of the feel.
3. A Section
In this video we'll be working through the A section of the piece, which is a melodic line built from the blues scale. This line is played in unison with the other instruments and can be tricky to play accurately due to the shuffle feel. This lesson covers bars 1-8.
4. B Section
This video covers the B section of this piece, which is the main slap groove. This line is predominantly built around conventional slap technique, although there are some double popped chordal figures and tenths as well. This lesson covers bars 9-12.
5. C Section
This video covers the C section, which is almost identical to the B section, but with one minor modification. This lesson covers bars 13-16 in the transcription.
6. D Section
This video covers the D section, which features a new slap groove which builds on some of the ideas found in the earlier parts. It also makes use of double popped chordal figures and tenth intervals. This lesson covers bars 17-24.
7. F Section
This video covers the F section of the piece. This is predominantly a repeat of the A section, but with an alternate ending that provides a transition into the guitar solo section. This lesson covers bars 29-36 in the transcription.
8. G Section
This lesson covers the line played during the guitar solo section at letter G. Also simpler than some of the early parts, the syncopation in this line makes it harder to perform than it might initially appear.
9. I Section
This final video covers the I section. This slap groove is based on the line from the B section, but with a different, syncopated fill in the second bar. This lesson covers bars 55-56. | eng | b4a802ee-e085-418c-bf1d-aab20494eab4 | https://www.basslinepublishing.com/video-section/intermediate-slap-bass-study-1/ |
Re: new package: devel/acl
David Holland <dholland-pkgtech%netbsd.org@localhost> writesMy impression is that there are "POSIX ACLs" which are compliant with a
withdrawn draft, and there are "NFSv4 ACLs" which have a spec and are a
superset. And then that Linux implements the semantics of POSIX ACLs
(fine), stores them in os-specific EAs (ok) but either does not
implement the withdrawn-standard interface or nobody on linux uses it
(not ok).
I think this might be a package that provides the POSIX interfaces, so
that programs written to POSIX will work on Linux. That implies that
GNU/Linux systems tend to have a non-standard ACL interface,
If that's true, then this is
Implement POSIX ACLs using Linux's not-really-POSIX ACL implementation
and it can be ONLY_FOR.
If it is trying to do something that isn't "implement the standard
interface", then it's a good question why it isn't BROKEN_ON instead.
Howver, all my attempts to understand this so far have felt like "You
are standing at a crevice. You are holding a document that specifies
POSIX ACLs, which weighs several pounds. There is a POSIX language
lawyer standing in a shadow nearby, looking menacing, and to the north
is a maze of twisty passages, all alike." | eng | b0c31b0b-51da-4705-bbe1-780fcacc142c | http://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-pkg/2023/04/29/msg027507.html |
A way of life and philosophy well ahead of its time when
it was founded over 500 years ago, The Sikh religion today has a following
of over 20 million people worldwide. Sikhism preaches a message of devotion
and remembrance of God at all times, truthful living, equality of mankind,
social justice and denounces superstitions and blind rituals. Sikhism is
open to all through the teachings of its 10 Gurus enshrined in the Sikh Holy
Book and Living Guru, Sri Guru Granth Sahib.
Who and What is a Sikh?
The word 'Sikh' in the Punjabi language means
'disciple', Sikhs are the disciples of God who follow the writings and
teachings of the Ten Sikh Gurus. The wisdom of these teachings in Sri Guru
Granth Sahib are practical and universal in their appeal to all mankind.
"I observe neither Hindu fasting nor the
ritual of the Muslim Ramadan month; Him I serve who at the last shall save.
The Lord of universe of the Hindus, Gosain and Allah to me are one; From
Hindus and Muslims have I broken free. I perform neither Kaaba pilgrimage
nor at bathing spots worship; One sole Lord I serve, and no other. I perform
neither the Hindu worship nor the Muslim prayer; To the Sole Formless Lord
in my heart I bow. We neither are Hindus nor Muslims; Our body and life
belong to the One Supreme Being who alone is both Ram and Allah for us."
(Guru Arjan Dev, Guru Granth Sahib, Raga Bhairon pg. 1136)
"Any human being who faithfully believes
in: (i) One Immortal Being, (ii) Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Dev to Guru
Gobind Singh, (iii) The Guru Granth Sahib, (iv) The utterances and teachings
of the ten Gurus and, (v) the baptism bequeathed by the tenth Guru, and who
does not owe allegiance to any other religion is a Sikh." (Reht Maryada,
Sikh Code of Conduct)
Philosophy and Beliefs
There
is only One God. He is the same God for all people of all religions.
The
soul goes through cycles of births and deaths before it reaches the human
form. The goal of our life is to lead an exemplary existence so that one may
merge with God. Sikhs should remember God at all times and practice living a
virtuous and truthful life while maintaining a balance between their
spiritual obligations and temporal obligations.
The
true path to achieving salvation and merging with God does not require
renunciation of the world or celibacy, but living the life of a householder,
earning a honest living and avoiding worldly temptations and sins.
Sikhism
preaches that people of different races, religions, or sex are all equal in
the eyes of God. It teaches the full equality of men and women. Women can
participate in any religious function or perform any Sikh ceremony or lead
the congregation in prayer.
A Sikh is any person whose faith consists of belief in One God,
the ten Sikh Gurus, the Guru Granth Sahib and other scriptures and teachings
of the Sikh Gurus. Additionally, he or she must believe in the necessity and
importance of `Amrit', the Sikh baptism.
God and the Sikhs:
According to the Sikh belief, God is all omnipotent,
omnipresent and omniscient. The sun, moon/s, wind, fire, water, vegetation
and all other things which exist are His witnesses. A Sikh must worship only
the abstract form of God. The worship of images or any other object is
strictly forbidden.
God is both the creator and the destroyer. He is beyond birth
and death. He is both merciful and compassionate. He is beyond fear and
enmity. He is self illuminated. He is the Master of all the treasures. All
our possessions are a result of His grace.
The Sikhs call God as Waheguru, meaning the most
wonderful Master.
The belief of the Sikhs in Waheguru is similar to that
of Judaism, Christianity and Islam i.e., God is the greatest power, He is
supreme, He is the king of kings, He pervades everywhere, He knows the inner
thoughts of everyone, He is the giver, He existed before the start of the
time, He existed when the time was started, He exists now and He will exist
forever.
Relationship with God:
The Sikh Gurus called Waheguru as Master and themselves
as his servants. In some hymns they called Him as Father, Mother, Friend and
Brother as well1. Like Jesus Christ,
Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, in one of his hymns, called
himself as God's son2.
Universality:
Sikhism does not believe in asceticism, celibacy or living
alone at mountains or in caves or in forests in the search of Truth and God.
It also rejects the orders of monasteries. For a Sikh the true life is the
life of a householder. Living in a family environment and by serving the
community both Truth and God can be realised. Thus it rejects the order of
monks (Buddhism and Jainism) and nuns (Christianity).
The Sikh teachings are based on the principles of Fatherhood of
God and brotherhood of humankind.
Sikhism rejects the concept of chosen people (as in Judaism) and caste
system (as in Hinduism); it also rejects the concept of entering `Nirvana'
without the blessings of God (as in Buddhism and Jainism).
In a Sikh temple people of all the faiths are welcome. The Sikh
holy book, Guru Granth Sahib also has in it the hymns composed by both Hindu
and Muslim saints of various denominations.
The Making of the Khalsa Guru Gobind Singh was the last Guru of the Sikhs in human
form. He created the Khalsa, a spiritual brotherhood and sisterhood devoted
to purity of thought and action. He gave the Khalsa a distinctive external
form to remind them of their commitment, and to help them maintain an
elevated state of consciousness. Every Sikh baptized as Khalsa vows to wear
the Five "K's":
Kesh - uncut hair and
beard, as given by God, to sustain him or her in higher consciousness; and a
turban, the crown of spirituality.
Kangha - a
wooden comb to properly groom the hair as a symbol of cleanliness.
Katchera -
specially made cotton underwear as a reminder of the commitment to purity.
Kara - a steel
circle, worn on the wrist, signifying bondage to Truth and freedom from
every other
entanglement. Kirpan
- the
sword, with which the Khalsa is committed to righteously defend the fine
line of the Truth.
Khalsa also vows to refrain from any sexual relationships outside of
marriage, and to refrain from taking meat, tobacco, alcohol, and all other
intoxicants.
Then Guru Gobind Singh infused his own being into the Khalsa, declaring that
the Khalsa was now the Guru in all temporal matters. For spiritual matters,
the Guruship was given to the "Siri Guru Granth Sahib", a compilation of
sacred writings by those who have experienced Truth. For Sikhs, "Siri Guru
Granth Sahib" is the living embodiment of the Guru, and is regarded with the
utmost reverence and respect wherever it is found. Sikhs all over the world
took to the "Siri Guru Granth Sahib" as their living Guru, as the source of
spiritual instruction and guidance.
The first five baptised Sikhs, called the beloved ones, were
also from both lower and upper Hindu castes. They were the first Khalsa,
the pure ones:
Bhai Daya Singh, aged 30, a Khatri from Lahore (Punjab)
Bhai Dharam Singh, aged 33, a Jat from Delhi
Bhai Mohkam Singh, aged 36, a washerman from Dwarka (Gujrat)
Bhai Sahib Singh, aged 37, a barber from Bidar (Karnatak)
Bhai Himmat Singh, aged 39, a water carrier from Puri (Orissa)
Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth prophet of the Sikhs, urged his
followers to drop caste symbols after their names and instead write a common
surname: Singh, meaning lion, for men and Kaur, meaning princess for women.
THE PROPHETS
The Founder (1469-1539)
The Sikhs had ten prophets called the Gurus. The time-period of
the history of the Gurus ranged from 1469 A.D , when Guru Nanak, the founder
of the Sikhism was born, to 1708 A.D, when the last prophet, Guru Gobind
Singh left this mortal world for his heavenly abode (239 years).
.1. Guru Nanak, the founder of the Sikh religion was born in a
Hindu family of Kshatriya caste. He revolted against that order when he was
only 13 years old. God spoke to him when he was 38. He was taken to God's
abode where God gave him Two Commandments known as `Moolmantar' and `Sloak'.
They read:
MOOLMANTAR:
There is only one God
He is the Truth (permanent being)
He is the Creator,
He is devoid of fear
He is devoid of enmity
He is beyond death
He is not born
He is self-illuminated
He is the master of all the gifts.
SLOAK:
God existed before the start of the time
God existed when the time started.
God exists now and,
God will always exist.
Guru Nanak was appointed as God's latest prophet and was asked
to spread the name of God and the rules of both divinity and morality.
Guru Nanak travelled as far as Tibet in the north, Sri Lanka in
the south, Mecca in the west and Dhaka in the east to deliver God's message.
He was welcomed wherever he went. He met both kings and robbers, gave them
the message of God and reformed them. He is the only prophet in the world
who did not meet any violent opposition and was not harmed by the enemies.
In fact he had no enemies. (compare him with: Moses and the Pharaos; Jesus
and the Jewish clergy and the Romans; Ram and Ravan; Krishen and Kans;
Mohammed and the Meccan pagans).
Guru Nanak was revered by both the Hindus and the Muslims. He
was received with respect and folded hands by Babar, the Muslim Emperor of
India and Shivnabh, the Hindu King of Sri Lanka; he was honoured by the
clergy of both the Hindus and the Muslims.
Guru Nanak was a family man, was married and had two sons.
While living with his father he looked after the family fields and the
cattle; staying with his sister, Babe Nanki, he worked as a store keeper
with the local ruler; and for the last 17 years of his life, he tilled his
own fields at Kartarpur, a town founded by him. There are 41 Sikh shrines
founded in his memory.
For 14 years, from 1507-1510 he travelled around the then known
world and spread the message of God. In history, he is the most travelled of
all the known prophets. (Jesus travelled in the central plains of Palestine;
Mohammed travlled from Mecca to Medina and back to Mecca; Moses travelled
from Egypt to outskirts of Palestine; Ram travelled from Ayodhaya to Sri
Lanka; Krishna travelled from Mathura to Dwarka).
Guru Nanak died at the age of 70. His 974 hymns are recorded in
the Sikh holy book.
THE PROPHETS
2nd Guru - 10th Guru
2. Guru Angad (1504-1552) was the second Guru of the Sikhs. He was
a disciple of Guru Nanak and was chosen as his successor after being put to
a great many tests. He became Guru at the age of 35 and his pontificate
lasted for 13 years. He rationalised the Panjabi language and gave to it a
new grammar. He also encouraged his followers to look after their health. He
gave them instructions to have a balanced diet and regular exercises. He
built many wrestling arenas and encouraged his followers to participate in
wrestling competitions.. Like Guru Nanak, he founded a new town and named it
Khadur. There are 2 Gudwaras built in his memory, and there are in Guru
Granth Sahib, 65 hymns composed by him. He died at the age of 48.
3. Guru Amardas (1479 - 1574) became the third Guru at the age of
73. For twelve years he personally served Guru Angad. He walked daily for 5
miles to fetch water for the Guru's bath. He was chosen from amongst many by
Guru Angad as his successor. His pontificate lasted for 17 years. He
inculcated amongst his followers, the spirit of Service to humankind and to
God.. Like both Guru Nanak and Guru Angad he was a very simple man. There
are 4 Gurdwaras related to his memory and there are, in Guru Granth Sahib,
907 hymns composed by him. He died at the age of 90.
4. Guru Ramdas (1534-1581) became Guru when he was 40. His
pontificate lasted for only 7 years. He was a son-in-law of Guru Amardas. He
re-organised the Sikh Church and founded the city of Amritsar.He died at the age of 47. There are 3 Gurdwaras built in his memory and
there are 679 of his hymns recorded in Guru Granth Sahib.
5. Guru Arjan (1563-1606) became Guru at the young age of 18. He
was the youngest son of Guru Ramdas, He built the Golden Temple and compiled
the Sikh holy book. He also founded the city of Taran Taran. He is the first
martyr of the Sikh history. He died at the age of 43, There are 12 Gurdwaras
built in his memory and there are 2,218 of his hymns recorded in Guru Granth
Sahib.
6. Guru Hargobind (1595-1644) became Guru at the age of 11. He was
the only son of Guru Arjan. His pontificate was longest amongst all the
Gurus, it lasted for 38 years. He was the first Guru to fight with the
Mughals against their injustice and tyranny. . He wore two swords,
symbolising Miri and Piri, royalty and saintliness. He
organised early morning Sikh choirs. He founded the city of Kiratpur3.
There are 16 Gudwaras built in his memory. He travelled upto Kashmir in the
north to spread the message of the house of Nanak. He died at the age of 49.
He did not write any hymns.
7. Guru Harrai (1630-1661) was a grandson of Guru Hargobind. He
became Guru at the age of 14 and remained Guru for 17 years. He built many
clinics for both sick human beings and animals/birds. He was expert in
Aryuvedic medicine. Most of the time he lived in Nahan and preached the
divine message over there. There are 3 Gurdwaras dedicated to his memory. He
died at the age of 31. He did not write any hymns.
8. Guru Harkrishen(1656 - 1664) was the youngest son of Guru
Harrai. He became Guru at the tender age of 5 and died at the age of 8. Thus
his pontificate lasted for only 3 years. He took over the sufferings of the
people of Delhi over himself and saved them from effects of smallpox
epidemic (compare this sacrifice with the Christian saying, "Jesus died for
our sins"). He instructed his followers to build schools for religious
education. There are 4 Gurdwaras related to him. He did not write any hymns.
Most of the modern Sikh Schools are named after him.
9. Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621-1675) was a grand uncle of Guru
Harkrishan. He became Guru at the age of 43 and remained Guru until the age
of 54. He travelled towards east of India up to Dhaka to spread the message
of the house of Nanak. He offered himself for martyrdom for saving the Hindu
religion. He gave his life but saved the annihilation of Hindu religion by
the then Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb. He was beheaded in Delhi at a place
known as `Chandni Chowk' He founded the city of Anandpur. There are 16
Gurdwaras built in his memory and there are 115 hymns recorded under his
name in Guru Granth Sahib.
10. Guru Gobind Singh (1666 - 1708) became Guru at the age of 9. He
was the only son of Guru Tegh Bahadur. Like his grand-father Guru Hargobind,
he also had to resort to sword to protect the young Sikh nation from an
onslaught of the Mughals. He initiated a new baptism and called it `Amrit' .
He created the order of Khalsa (Saint-soldiers) and prescribed the
compulsion of wearing the 5 Ks. He wrote hymns which were later collected by
one of his followers, Bhai Mani Singh, at the orders of his widow Mata
Sundri. He declared the mission of Guru Nanak completed. He passed on the
spiritual authority of the Sikhs to the Sikh holy book, and called it Guru
Granth Sahib. He passed on the temporal authority of the Sikh to the Khalsa.
He died at the age of 42. His hymns are preserved in the Granth called Dasam
Granth. He was the last prophet (Guru) of the Sikhs.
Before
his death in 1708 Guru Gobind Singh declared that the Sikhs no longer needed
a living and appointed his spiritual successor as Sri Guru Granth Sahib, his
physical successor as the Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh felt that all the wisdom
needed by Sikhs for spiritual guidance in their daily lives could be found
in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs. Sri Guru Granth
Sahib is unique in the world of religious scriptures because not only is it
accorded the status of being the spiritual head of the Sikh religion, but
besides the poetry of the Gurus, it also contains the writings of saints of
other faiths whose thoughts were consistent with those of the Sikh Gurus.
Sikhism does not have priests, which were abolished by
Guru Gobind Singh. The Guru felt that they had become corrupt and full of
ego. Sikhs only have custodians of the Guru Granth Sahib (granthi), and any
Sikh is free to read the Guru Granth Sahib in the Gurdwara (a Sikh temple)
or in their home. All people of all religions are welcome to the Gurdwara. A
free community kitchen can be found at every Gurdwara which serves meals to
all people of all faiths. Guru Nanak first started this institution which
outline the basic Sikh principles of service, humility and equality.
The most significant historical religious center for
the Sikhs is Harmiandir Sahib (The Golden Temple) at Amritsar in the state
of Punjab in northern India. It is the inspirational and historical center
of Sikhism but is not a mandatory place of pilgrimage or worship. All places
where Sri Guru Granth Sahib are installed are considered equally holy for
Sikhs.
THE THEORY OF ONE SPIRIT
The Sikhs believe that all the ten Gurus had the same spirit. This is one
of the fundamental beliefs of the Sikhs. Guru Gobind Singh had recorded in
one of his hymns that though after Nanak came Angad and then Amardas and
then Ramdas, Arjan, Hargobind, Harrai, Harkrishen and Tegh Bahadur, but they
all had the same spirit. They looked different for they had different bodies
but their spirit, the inner self, was the same. | eng | 5e74d563-2225-471c-9d73-39c9fef0a56f | http://sonapreet.net/introduction.htm |
Racism is a set of beliefs, practices, and social structures that treats groups of human beings socially defined by unalterable, often physical, attributes (races) as inherently unequal. Racism is a form of subordination and exclusion. It is a | eng | 0e5963f4-59d9-47f2-8d4a-bef213400338 | https://sk.sagepub.com/Reference/intlpoliticalscience/n501.xml |
Emerging VC professionals are the Partners of tomorrow and we are delighted to have teamed up with the YVC Collective to host an exclusive fireside chat and networking reception before the Networking Party on day one!
YVC Collective Reception
16.30 – Welcome from LSX
Josh Dance, SVP, LSX
16.35 - Introduction to YVC Collective
Arturo Urrios, Venture Advisor, Wellington Partners
16.40 - The current and future of VC leaders in life sciences
Introductions - How did you end up here? What inspires you about working with your colleagues Partner/Principal?
How should we think about career management?
Did you plan your career? Is that something you can plan?
What is normal succession? How is it managed?
How do we set up emerging VCs for success in our industry? What success means and how you get there? | eng | 03041201-d8f9-4c80-aff6-d7d68c450dc4 | https://www.lsxleaders.com/lsx-world-congress/yvc-collective-reception |
Northern Lights in Greenland
Seeing the Northern Lights in Greenland
The Aurora Borealis is a natural phenomenon that's out of this world – literally and can be seen in Greenland.
The shimmering bands of light that span the spectrum from lime green to crimson are actually the result of solar winds interacting with particles in the earth's upper atmosphere, about 62 miles from the surface. The form, colour and level of movement of the auroras depends on the level of acceleration, excitation and ionisation of these particles. The Aurora Borealis and its southern cousin, the Aurora Australis, occur in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic respectively). These auroras are widely known as the Northern and Southern Lights.
Most of Greenland lies within the Arctic Circle, making it a prime location for watching the Northern Lights. The phenomenon is so widespread here that it has played a role in the traditional beliefs of the Greenlandic Inuit for generations. One legend tells that when the auroras appear in the sky, the dead are playing football with a walrus skull, while another contends that the lights are instead the spirits of babies who died at birth, dancing across the sky in the afterlife. Some groups here still believe that children conceived beneath the glow of the lights will be particularly intelligent.
Although auroras can occur at any time of day, sunlight renders them all but invisible, which means you'll have to plan your safari to coincide with a time of year when the sun sets on Greenland. The island's high latitude means it endures months of midnight sun which eliminates any chance of seeing the Northern Lights, as well as months of near-darkness which hamper wildlife sightings.
A trip that takes place when both day and night occur will ensure you make the most of your time in this beautiful polar destination. The advantage of ship expeditions is that you are often miles from any source of light pollution, and this combined with fair weather and a clear night sky provides the perfect conditions for viewing auroras.
Although the Northern Lights can start to be seen in most of Greenland from around August, when the summer begins to wane and the days start getting shorter, your best bet is to travel when winter has begun to set in a bit more.
As the year leads into December, daylight dwindles more and more until the sun peeks over the horizon for just a few hours each day, and in more northerly locations it may set for over a month at a time. The dark, clear, cloud-free nights that are conducive to viewing the Northern Lights usually last until the beginning of April. Visit our When to Go page or talk to one of our Destination Specialists for more information about ideal Northern Lights viewing spots. | eng | 5ebdcc1e-db10-4a2f-a256-96034a52446c | https://www.naturalworldsafaris.com/polar-regions/greenland/safaris-and-planning/can-i-see-the-northern-lights-in-greenland |
Kim – young domestic abuse: a toolkit for youth workers
Kim – young domestic abuse is a toolkit for teachers, youth facilitators and community groups working with young people. Kim introduces and explores the difficult issue of domestic abuse in young relationships. Kim helps young people to identify different kinds of domestic abuse and the impact on children. It helps young people have an understanding of healthy relationships. It teaches how to recongise warning signs, how to get help and how to support a friend. | eng | 417297ce-4cfa-42e4-9891-6b78a3d3608b | https://stmichaelsfellowship.org.uk/kim-young-domestic-abuse-a-toolkit-for-youth-workers/ |
What Is The Difference Between Tea Consumption Then And Now
The British brought tea to India in the nineteenth century in order to break China's monopoly on production. In the 1850s, the alpine region surrounding Darjeeling, nestled on the Himalayan foothills, was the first to be planted.
Tea leaves were gathered and cooked in water in the early days of tea use, producing a bitter beverage. The leaves were utilised as medicine first and then as a pleasant drink second. India is the world's largest tea consumer, accounting for approximately 30% of worldwide output. India is also the world's second-largest tea exporter, after only China.
Ayurvedic practise has resulted in a lengthy legacy of herbal teas. Traditional Indian cuisine has traditionally employed medicinal plants and spices such as basil, cardamom, pepper, mint, and others. Chai conceals some of the harsher and more bitter characteristics of the medicinal additions with its sweet and milky taste, but cardamom, clove, and ginger lend a pleasant smell and flavour to the tea. Today, India is one of the world's major tea producers, with over 70% of domestic tea consumed within the country. The Indian tea business has grown to hold several worldwide tea brands and has evolved into one of the world's most technologically advanced tea enterprises.
Tea Consumption
Tea is deeply ingrained in Indian culture. A normal day starts at home with a cup of masala chai, followed by several cups throughout the day. Tea, which was previously appreciated as a simple, warm drink with health advantages, has now turned into a large industry. Various brands in India's tea market are altering several trends and dynamics. Premium tea consumption has surged in recent years, and there is a growing interest in purchasing premium teas online. The sale of premium and herbal teas has expanded dramatically as a result of improved customer knowledge and awareness.
Wellness
Because of the COVID-19 epidemic, there has been a boom in the popularity of teas with proven health advantages. It has established itself as a wellness and lifestyle drink, and the market is seeing the introduction of various new tea kinds and mixes. Immunity-boosting beverages and superfoods containing Ayurvedic herbs such as Turmeric, Ashwagandha, Moringa, Tulsi, and others are popular. Flavored teas, in addition to immunity-boosting specialty teas, are gaining appeal among the younger population.
The FMCG business is no exception to the trend of sustainability. As the demand for and understanding of sustainability grows, one may anticipate this to have long-term consequences for the tea business. As the practise of delivering tea hampers at business gatherings, weddings, and other special occasions becomes more widespread, the brand's identity becomes increasingly important. Consumers are increasingly choosing branded labels. Tea businesses with engaging tales to tell and scalable business structures have seen a rise in investment.
Working from home with restricted social engagements, among other pandemic-related constraints, has given rise to businesses such as Shistaka. Shistaka is a certified organic tea company that offers an excellent selection of natural and organic herbal teas of the highest quality. The company takes pleasure in having created teas that employ therapeutic herbs to treat diseases while also keeping you energised throughout the day | eng | 1139ef2c-d00e-4193-a648-960094126484 | https://dailygedi.com/tea-and-coffee/2022/10/13/what-is-the-difference-between-tea-consumption-then-and-now/ |
can-cosmology-untangle-the-universes-most-elusive-mysteries cosmology untangle the universe's most elusive mysteries?From the Big Bang to dark energy, knowledge of the cosmos has sped up in the past century — but big questions linger.
Can cosmology untangle the universe's most elusive mysteries?
It was only in the 1920s that astronomers began to theorize that our universe was born billions of years ago in a Big Bang of near-infinite temperature and density. The hot gases that exploded outward from this event condensed into the first galaxies — some of which appear as tiny red smudges in this image, one of the earliest scientific results from the James Webb Space Telescope.
NASA, ESA, CSA, STSci
"The first thing we know about the universe is that it's really, really big," says cosmologist Michael Turner, who has been contemplating this reality for more than four decades now. "And because the universe is so big," he says, "it's often beyond the reach of our instruments, and of our ideas."
Certainly our current understanding of the cosmic story leaves some huge unanswered questions, says Turner, an emeritus professor at the University of Chicago and a visiting faculty member at UCLA. Take the question of origins. We now know that the universe has been expanding and evolving for something like 13.8 billion years, starting when everything in existence exploded outward from an initial state of near-infinite temperature and density — a.k.a. the Big Bang. Yet no one knows for sure what the Big Bang was, says Turner. Nor does anyone know what triggered it, or what came beforehand — or whether it's even meaningful to talk about "time" before that initial event.
Cosmologist Michael Turner (University of Chicago and UCLA).
James Provost (CC BY-ND)
Then there's the fact that the most distant stars and galaxies our telescopes can potentially see are confined to the "observable" universe: the region that encompasses objects such as galaxies and stars whose light has had time to reach us since the Big Bang. This is an almost inconceivably vast volume, says Turner, extending tens of billions of light-years in every direction. Yet we have no way of knowing what lies beyond. Just more of the same, perhaps, stretching out to infinity. Or realms that are utterly strange — right down to laws of physics that are very different from our own.
But then, as Turner explains in the 2022 Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, mysteries are only to be expected. The scientific study of cosmology, the field that focuses on the origins and evolution of the universe, is barely a century old. It has already been transformed more than once by new ideas, new technologies and jaw-dropping discoveries — and there is every reason to expect more surprises to come.
Knowable Magazine recently spoke with Turner about how these transformations occurred and what cosmology's future might be. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.
You say in your article that modern, scientific cosmology didn't get started until roughly the 1920s. What happened then?
It's not as though nothing happened earlier. People have been speculating about the origin and evolution of the universe for as long as we know of. But most of what was done before about 100 years ago we would now call galactic astronomy, which is the study of stars, planets and interstellar gas clouds within our own Milky Way. At the time, in fact, a lot of astronomers argued that the Milky Way was the universe — that there was nothing else.
But two big things happened in the 1920s. One was the work of a young astronomer named Edwin Hubble. He took an interest in the nebulae, which were these fuzzy patches of light in the sky that astronomers had been cataloging for hundreds of years. There had always been a debate about their nature: Were they just clouds of gas relatively close by in the Milky Way, or other "island universes" as big as ours?
Nobody had been able to figure that out. But Hubble had access to a new 100-inch telescope, which was the largest in the world at that time. And that gave him an instrument powerful enough to look at some of the biggest and brightest of the nebulae, and show that they contained individual stars, not just gas. By 1925, he was also able to estimate the distance to the very brightest nebula, in the constellation of Andromeda. It lay well outside the Milky Way. It was a whole other galaxy just like ours.
So that paper alone solved the riddle of the nebulae and put Hubble on the map as a great astronomer. In today's terms, he had identified the fundamental architecture of the universe, which is that it consists of these collections of stars organized into galaxies like our own Milky Way — about 200 billion of them in the part of the universe we can see.
But he didn't stop there. In those days there was this — well, "war" is probably too strong a word, but a separation between the astronomers who took pictures and the astrophysicists who used spectroscopy, which was a technique that physicists had developed in the 19th century to analyze the wavelengths of light emitted from distant objects. Once you started taking spectra of things like stars or planets, and comparing their emissions with those from known chemical elements in the laboratory, you could say, "Oh, not only do I know what it's made of, but I know its temperature and how fast it's moving towards or away from us." So you could start really studying the object.
Just like in other areas of science, though, the very best people in astronomy use all the tools at hand, be they pictures or spectra. In Hubble's case, he paid particular attention to an earlier paper that had used spectroscopy to measure the velocity of the nebulae. Now, the striking thing about this paper was that some of the nebulae were moving away from us at many hundreds of kilometers per second. In spectroscopic terms they had a high "redshift," meaning that their emissions were shifted toward longer wavelengths than you'd see in the lab.
So in 1929, when Hubble had solid distance data for two dozen galaxies and reasonable estimates for more, he plotted those values against the redshift data. And he got a striking correlation: The further away a galaxy was, the faster it was moving away from us.
This was the relation that's now known as Hubble's law. It took a while to figure out what it meant, though.
The first observational evidence for the Big Bang came in 1929, when astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered that distant galaxies are rushing away from us with a velocity proportional to their distance (left). Two years later, Hubble and his colleague Milton Humason showed that this velocity-distance relation — "Hubble's law" — continued to hold for galaxies more than 10 times further away. (The red dots in the lower left-hand corner are the galaxies Hubble observed in 1929.) Astronomers soon realized that Hubble's law meant that the universe itself was expanding.
Knowable Magazine
Why? Did it require a second big development?
Yes. A bit earlier, in 1915, Albert Einstein had put forward his theory of general relativity, which was a complete paradigm shift and reformulation of gravity. His key insight was that space and time are not fixed, as physicists had always assumed, but are dynamic. Matter and energy bend space and time around themselves, and the "force" we call gravity is just the result of objects being deflected as they move around in this curved space-time. As the late physicist John Archibald Wheeler famously said, "Space tells matter how to move, and matter tells space how to curve."
It took a few years to connect Einstein's theory with observation. But by the early or mid-1930s, it was clear that what Hubble had discovered was not that galaxies are moving away from us into empty space, but that space itself is expanding and carrying the galaxies along with it. The whole universe is expanding.
And at least a few scientists in the 1930s began to realize that Hubble's discovery also meant there was a beginning to the universe.
The turning point was probably George Gamow, a Soviet physicist who defected to the US in the 1930s. He had studied general relativity as a student in Leningrad, and knew that Einstein's equations implied that the universe had expanded from a "singularity" — a mathematical point where time began and the radius of the universe was zero. It's what we now call the Big Bang.
But Gamow also knew nuclear physics, which he had helped develop before World War II. And around 1948, he and his collaborators started to combine general relativity and nuclear physics into a model of the universe's beginning to explain where the elements in the periodic table came from.
Their key idea was that the universe started out hot, then cooled as it expanded the way gas from an aerosol can does. This was totally theoretical at the time. But it would be confirmed in 1965 when radio astronomers discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation. This radiation consists of high-energy photons that emerged from the Big Bang and cooled down as the universe expanded, until today they are just 3 degrees Kelvin above absolute zero — which is also the average temperature of the universe as a whole.
The cosmic microwave background is made up of remnants of the oldest light in the universe — radiation released about 380,000 years after the Big Bang, when the rapidly cooling cosmic plasma reached a temperature of 2,700 degrees Celsius. Since then, 13.8 billion years of cosmic expansion have cooled the radiation to just 2.7 degrees C above absolute zero. This temperature is remarkably uniform across the sky: The tiny deviations from the average (cooler is blue, warmer is red) mapped here by the European Space Agency's Planck satellite are thought to be the result of quantum fluctuations in the first instants of the Big Bang, and amount to just a few parts in 100,000. As small as they are, however, these fluctuations would later condense into the galaxies and clusters we see today.
ESA/The Planck Collaboration
In this hot, primordial soup — called ylem by Gamow — matter would not exist in the form it does today. The extreme heat would boil atoms into their constituent components — neutrons, protons and electrons. Gamow's dream was that nuclear reactions in the cooling soup would have produced all the elements, as neutrons and protons combined to make the nuclei of the various atoms in the periodic table.
But his idea came up short. It took a number of years and a village of people to get the calculations right. But by the 1960s, it was clear that what would come from these nuclear reactions was mostly hydrogen, plus a lot of helium — about 25 percent by weight, exactly what astronomers observed — plus a little bit of deuterium, helium-3 and lithium. Heavier elements such as carbon and oxygen were made later, by nuclear reactions in stars and other processes.
So by the early 1970s, we had the creation of the light elements in a hot Big Bang, the expansion of the universe and the microwave background radiation — the three observational pillars of what's been called the standard model of cosmology, and what I call the first paradigm.
But you note that cosmologists almost immediately began to shift toward a second paradigm. Why? Was the Big Bang model wrong?
Not wrong — our current understanding still has a hot Big Bang beginning — but incomplete. By the 1970s the idea of a hot beginning was attracting the attention of particle physicists, who saw the Big Bang as a way to study particle collisions at energies you couldn't hope to reach at accelerators here on Earth. So the field suddenly got a lot bigger, and people started asking questions that suggested the standard cosmology was missing something.
For example, why is the universe so smooth? The intensity and temperature of the microwave background radiation, which is the best measure we have of the whole universe, is almost perfectly uniform in every direction. There's nothing in Einstein's cosmological equations that says this has to be the case.
On the flip side, though — why is that cosmic smoothness only almost perfect? After all, the most prominent features of the universe today are the galaxies, which must have formed as gravity magnified tiny fluctuations in the density of matter in the early universe. So where did those fluctuations come from? What seeded the galaxies?
Around this time, evidence had accumulated that neutrons and protons were made of smaller bits — quarks — which meant that the neutron-proton soup would eventually boil, too, becoming a quark soup at the earliest times. So maybe the answers lie in that early quark soup phase, or even earlier.
This is the possibility that led Alan Guth to his brilliant paper on cosmic inflation in 1981.
What is cosmic inflation?
Guth's idea was that in the tiniest fraction of a second after the initial singularity, according to new ideas in particle physics, the universe ought to undergo a burst of accelerated expansion. This would have been an exponential expansion, far faster than in the standard Big Bang model. The size of the universe would have doubled and doubled and doubled again, enough times to take a subatomic patch of space and blow it up to the scale of the observable universe.
This explained the uniformity of the universe right away, just like if you had a balloon and blew it up until it was the size of the Earth or bigger: It would look smooth. But inflation also explained the galaxies. In the quantum world, it's normal for things like the number of particles in a tiny region to bounce around. Ordinarily, this averages out to zero and we don't notice it. But when cosmic inflation produced this tremendous expansion, it blew up these subatomic fluctuations to astrophysical scales, and provided the seeds for galaxy formation.
This result is the poster child for the connection between particle physics and cosmology: The biggest things in the universe — galaxies and clusters of galaxies — originated from quantum fluctuations that were unimaginably small.
You have written that the second paradigm has three pillars, cosmic inflation being the first. What about the other two?
When the details of inflation were being worked out in the early 1980s, people saw there was something else missing. The exponential expansion would have stretched everything out until space was "flat" in a certain mathematical sense. But according to Einstein's general relativity, the only way the universe could be flat was if its mass and energy content averaged out to a certain critical density. This value was really small, equivalent to a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter.
But even that was a stretch: Astronomers' best measurements for the mean density of all the planets, stars and gas in the universe — all the stuff made of atoms — wasn't even 10 percent of the critical density. (The modern figure is 4.9 percent.) So something else that was not made of atoms had to be making up the difference.
That something turned out to have two components, one of which astronomers had already begun to detect through its gravitational effects. Fritz Zwicky found the first clue back in the 1930s, when he looked at the motions of galaxies in distant clusters. Each of these galactic clusters was obviously held together by gravity, because their galaxies were all close and not flying apart. Yet the velocities Zwicky found were really high, and he concluded that the visible stars alone couldn't produce nearly enough gravity to keep the galaxies bound. The extra gravity had to be coming from some form of "dark matter" that didn't shine, but that outweighed the visible stars by a large factor.
Then Vera Rubin and Kent Ford really brought it home in the 1970s with their studies of rotation in ordinary nearby galaxies, starting with Andromeda. They found that the rotation rates were way too fast: There weren't nearly enough stars and interstellar gas to hold these galaxies together. The extra gravity had to be coming from something invisible — again, dark matter.
Close examination of this image of the Abell 370 cluster of galaxies reveals a host of faint background galaxies, many of which have been distorted by the passage of their light through the cluster's gravitational fields. These distortions have allowed astronomers to map the distribution of mass in the cluster (shown in blue). Most of that mass turns out to be dark matter that moves independently of the visible galaxies.
Particle physicists loved the dark matter idea, because their unified field theories contained hypothetical particles with names like neutralino, or axion, that would have been produced in huge numbers during the Big Bang, and that had exactly the right properties. They wouldn't give off light because they had no electric charge and very weak interactions with ordinary matter. But they would have enough mass to produce dark matter's gravitational effects.
We haven't yet detected these particles in the laboratory. But we do know some things about them. They're "cold," for example, meaning that they move slowly compared to the speed of light. And we know from computer simulations that without the gravity of cold dark matter, those tiny density fluctuations in the ordinary matter that emerged from the Big Bang would never have collapsed into galaxies. They just didn't have enough gravity by themselves.
So that was the second pillar, cold dark matter. And the third?
As the simulations and the observations improved, cosmologists began to realize that even dark matter was only a fraction of the critical density needed to make the universe flat. (The modern figure is 26.8 percent.) The missing piece was found in 1998 when two groups of astronomers did a very careful measurement of the redshift in distant galaxies, and found that the cosmic expansion was gradually accelerating.
So something — I suggested calling it "dark energy," and the name stuck — is pushing the universe apart. Our best understanding is that dark energy leads to repulsive gravity, something that is built into Einstein's general relativity. The crucial feature of dark energy is its elasticity or negative pressure. And further, it can't be broken into particles — it is more like an extremely elastic medium.
While dark energy remains one of the great mysteries of cosmology and particle physics, it seems to be mathematically equivalent to the cosmological constant that Einstein suggested in 1917. In the modern interpretation, though, it corresponds to the energy of nature's quantum vacuum. This leads to an extraordinary picture: the cosmic expansion speeding up rather than slowing, all caused by the repulsive gravity of a very elastic, mysterious component of the universe called dark energy. The equally extraordinary evidence for this extraordinary claim has built up ever since and the two teams that made the 1998 discovery were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2011.
So here is where we are: a flat, critical-density universe comprising ordinary matter at about 5 percent, particle dark matter at about 25 percent and dark energy at about 70 percent. The cosmological constant is still called lambda, the Greek letter that Einstein used. And so the new paradigm is referred to as the lambda-cold dark matter model of cosmology.
The Planck space observatory's high-precision data have also allowed astronomers to refine their measurements of the make-up of the universe. The ordinary matter we can see and interact with, comprising atoms, neutrinos and photons, is not even 5 percent of the total. The mysterious stuff known as dark matter is more than five times as abundant — and the even more enigmatic dark energy dominates them both.
Yes. And it's this amazing, glass-half-full, half-empty situation. The lambda-cold dark matter paradigm has these three pillars that are well established with evidence, and that allow us to describe the evolution of the universe from a tiny fraction of a second until today. But we know we're not done.
For example, you say, "Wow, cosmic inflation sounds really important. It's why we have a flat universe today and explains the seeds for galaxies. Tell me the details." Well, we don't know the details. Our best understanding is that inflation was caused by some still unknown field similar to the Higgs boson discovered in 2012.
Then you say, "Yeah, this dark matter sounds really important. Its gravity is responsible for the formation of all the galaxies and clusters in the universe. What is it?" We don't know. It's probably some kind of particle left over from the Big Bang, but we haven't found it.
And then finally you say, "Oh, dark energy is 70 percent of the universe. That must be really important. Tell me more about it." And we say, it's consistent with a cosmological constant. But really, we don't have a clue why the cosmological constant should exist or have the value it does.
So now cosmology has left us with three physics questions: Dark matter, dark energy and inflation — what are they?
Does that mean we need a third cosmological paradigm to find the answers?
Maybe. It could be that everything's done in 30 years because we just flesh out our current ideas. We discover that dark matter really is some particle like the axion, that dark energy really is just the constant quantum energy of empty space, and that inflation really was caused by the Higgs field.
But more likely than not, if history is any guide, we're missing something and there's a surprise on the horizon.
Some cosmologists are trying to find this surprise by following the really big questions. For example: What was the Big Bang? And what happened beforehand? The Big Bang theory we talked about earlier is anything but a theory of the Big Bang itself; it's a theory of what happened afterwards.
Remember, the actual Big Bang event, according to Einstein's general relativity, was this singularity that saw the creation of matter, energy, space and time itself. That's the big mystery, which we struggle even to talk about in scientific terms: Was there a phase before this singularity? And if so, what was it like? Or, as many theorists think, does the singularity in Einstein's equations represent the instant when space and time themselves emerged from something more fundamental?
Another possibility that has captured the attention of scientists and public alike is the multiverse. This follows from inflation, where we imagine blowing up a small bit of space to an enormous size. Could that happen more than once, at different places and times? And the answer is yes: You could have had different patches of the wider multiverse inflating into entirely different universes, maybe with different laws of physics in each one. It could be the biggest idea since Copernicus moved us out of the center of the universe. But it's also very frustrating because right now, it isn't science: These universes would be completely disconnected, with no way to access them, observe them or show that they actually exist.
Yet another possibility is in the title of my Annual Reviews article: The road to precision cosmology. It used to be that cosmology was really difficult because the instruments weren't quite up to the task. Back in the 1930s, Hubble and his colleague Milton Humason struggled for years to collect redshifts for a few hundred galaxies, in part because they were recording one spectrum at a time on photographic plates that collected less than 1 percent of the light. Now astronomers use electronic CCD detectors — the same kind that everyone carries around in their phone — that collect almost 100 percent of the light. It's as if you increased your telescope size without any construction.
And we have projects like the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument on Kitt Peak in Arizona that can collect the spectra of 5,000 galaxies at once — 35 million of them over five years.
So cosmology used to be a data-poor science in which it was hard to measure things within any reliable precision. And today, we are doing precision cosmology, with percent-level accuracy. And further, we are sometimes able to measure things in two different ways, and see if the results agree, creating cross-cuts that can confirm our current paradigm or reveal cracks in it.
A prime example of this is the expansion rate of the universe, what's called the Hubble parameter — the most important number in cosmology. If nothing else, it tells us the age of the universe: The bigger the parameter, the younger the universe, and vice versa. Today we can measure it directly with the velocities and distances of galaxies out to a few hundred-million light years, at the few percent level.
But there is now another way to measure it with satellite observations of the microwave background radiation, which gives you the expansion rate when the universe was about 380,000 years old, at even greater precision. With the lambda-cold dark matter model you can extrapolate that expansion rate forward to the present day and see if you get the same number as you do with redshifts. And you don't: The numbers differ by almost 10 percent — an ongoing puzzle that's called the Hubble tension.
So maybe that's the loose thread — the tiny discrepancy in the precision measurements that could lead to another paradigm shift. It could be just that the direct measurements of galaxy distances are wrong, or that the microwave background numbers are wrong. But maybe we are finding something that's missing from lambda-cold dark matter. That would be extremely exciting. | eng | 32a39a21-ce43-41b8-944e-e8124d98ad6c | https://www.astronomy.com/science/can-cosmology-untangle-the-universes-most-elusive-mysteries/ |
lycodendrimers, such as glycoclusters and glycopolymers, are known to be very useful molecules to probe carbohydrate–lectin interactions. Herein, new second generation glycopeptide dendrimers (G2a–f) presenting a L-lysine-based (Lys) tetraantennary scaffold, four external thiomannosyl residues and, in the case of compounds G2b–f, four copies of a variable amino acid (X1) were synthesized and used as Concanavalin A (Con A) inhibitors. An increased-sensitivity Enzyme-Linked Lectin Assay (ELLA) was also developed to evaluate precisely the relative strength of the glycodendrimer–lectin interactions. Glycopeptide dendrimer G2e, for which L-tyrosine (Tyr) was used as a variable amino acid, led to optimal inhibition properties (IC50 = 52 μM). Additionally, glycopeptide dendrimers G2g–k built on a scaffold displaying four external Tyr and more internally, four copies of a variable amino acid (X2) were synthesized and involved in the mentioned ELLA. Even if no strong improvement was observed, such structural modulations could also modify the inhibition properties of glycopeptide dendrimers. Finally, mono-, di- and octavalent analogs of G2e, noticed, respectively, G0, G1 and G3, were produced and assayed. Multivalency then appeared as a key feature since inhibition properties of these glycoconjuguates increased with the number of carbohydrate moieties and a relatively strong cluster effect was obtained for the octavalent derivative G3 (IC50 = 2.9 μ | eng | e7b9502c-25e0-48d8-9c8e-55d385ec3d7d | https://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2011/MB/C0MB00177E |
The Strategy Behind CaboPress
The Ten Factors That Make It Special
I'm often asked about the strategy behind the event – the why behind each of the dynamics and decisions that go into planning CaboPress. Here are the ten factors that make it special.
First, decide how you'd like people to feel as they leave.
Most conferences spend a lot of time trying to fill up all the space and time with stuff to do. The assumption is that if people do a lot, they'll likely find something they enjoyed, or something that was helpful. Or maybe it's that they'll think it was worth the cost.
My sense is that the focus should always be on the feeling people are left with. If they regret that they didn't get enough time to connect, that's not good. I they feel overwhelmed with too many different ideas that they can't implement, again it's no good.
I wanted to design a conference that would have people leaving feeling relaxed and refreshed while also being energized.
Second, curate every participant.
I know this won't work for a lot of larger conferences. But all it takes is one speaker, one organizer or one guest to ruin someone else's experience.
I can't tell you the number of vacations (not even conferences) where an entitled jerk has left me frustrated and distracted.
I remember having a dinner with a bunch of different entrepreneurs a few years ago where one of them talked about an event they used to run where they vetted every single guest, speaker, or entertainer.
For me, that's been my goal every year. To be super diligent about every single person participating. That has meant rejecting some people. It has meant personally inviting some people to apply.
It has meant days and weeks reviewing applications and paying attention to percentages. Percentages of alumni returning, percentages of service or product companies attending, percentages of men and women attending and more.
Third, limit the amount of new ideas without limiting the amount of practical implementation advice.
I don't know about you, but I've been to tons of events that have 2 or 3 tracks, across 2 or 3 days, with 6 to 8 sessions daily. That's 24 new ideas, at a minimum. And at the end, all I have is high level concepts, little practical advice that pertains to my unique situation, and so many ideas that leave me frozen in fear rather than energized with excitement.
That's why I limit our sessions to 3 hours a day – giving people tons of time for rest, for follow up, and to engage in the lower-level and more detailed conversations about application.
Fourth, hold it far away from our every day grind, preferably with bad wifi.
I know tons of conference planners that spend gobs of money on wifi. And while it's great for social media, it's also terribly distracting and can result in people doing work while at the event.
The resort I chose is one I love. It's also more of a destination location for vacations than for work. And the wifi has been spotty some years. Basically, it's perfect as a place to step away completely from the hustle of the work, and spend some time reflecting on the work instead.
Fifth, skip lectures and embrace discussions.
Prepared remarks can't always handle the light of day. You know what I'm talking about, right? A speaker declares something like, "Stop trading hours for dollars," and you want to ask them why they think the entire legal industry hasn't fallen over. But it's a lecture, not a discussion. So off they go on their monologue and you're still left with questions and challenges.
Discussions are messy. They're not perfect. But they benefit from multiple participants. And the truth is, you don't know if the perfect answer you need will come from the moderator or the person standing next to you. But you'll have better odds of getting answers with every additional person who is participating in the discussion.
It's why we don't have speakers. We have discussion hosts. And I use the word host on purpose because I want them to think of their roles as being hospitable to every thread in the discussion, not just their own expert opinions.
Sixth, try and eliminate logistics and financial interactions.
Have you ever been at a conference or event where you have to find a place to eat. Or deal with the fact that all the close places are super expensive? Or that your credit card isn't working because you're out of town?
People pay for CaboPress before they arrive. They buy their own flights long before they get on them. From that point until they're leaving, there is very little to think about – from a logistics or financial perspective. Holding an event at an all-inclusive resort helps. Especially one with tons of options for food.
Seventh, force engagement.
If you've ever gone to a conference with a few other folks you know, you know how easy it is to stick with them the whole time. But that's not how you'll get the most out of anything.
So when I was designing this conference, I decided to force lunch groups that were consistent daily. A kind-of small group. And it meant people could debrief regularly with the same folks. Or could dig into specifics with them.
I also set things up so dinner groups change nightly. Again the goal is to create interactions and engagement that some people wouldn't choose on their own.
But if you do that, be sure to consider giving them a conversational prompt so they have something to talk about initially as they get to know each other.
Eighth, price it appropriately.
A lot of conferences are trying to move their prices down so that more people can attend. Unfortunately, more people doesn't always make an event better.
I've found that pushing the price up slowly each year (this year we didn't do that) has helped us keep the event smaller.
It also has the ancillary benefit of ensuring that people see the event in a different light. If I pay $99 for an event, it's easy for me to cancel my trip and not stress over it. That's harder to do when I've paid much more.
Ninth, keep it small.
Small is relative. For some people a 200 person event is small. For others a 20 person event is small.
When I thought about it, and the reason we went down from 60 to 50 last year and down from 50 to 30 this year, I was doing the math on how many interactions are required for each person to meet with every other person.
As you likely know – with every person you add, the connections grow exponentially.
But keeping it small and ensures that the people you curated get the most from the others you curated. To me, that's the winning formula.
Lastly, create lots of time for rest and freedom.
Some people need naps. Not everyone is an extrovert. Not everyone thrives in groups.
Creating hours and hours of free time allows people to set-select how they want to use it – from one-on-one meetings to group hangouts to play time in the pool (that also becomes a place for more Q & A).
So those are the ten guiding principles that led me to create an event where discussions are held in the pool each morning, where there are lunch groups, where there is five or more hours of free time daily, all held at a five-star, all-inclusive resort in Cabo San Lucas. | eng | ad1a0761-b3f3-4a33-a5c7-3600f8f1f11e | https://cabopress.com/background/ |
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Found that this put into perspective what it's like to be traded in the NHL, especially for young guys who've left friends and family to go to a different city. Guys from overseas especially feel it more than ever, and with fans chanting to trade you it must be especially tough.
Money can't buy happiness, some things are more important. Hopefully this helps us give hockey players some slack.
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In a Vrbata sort of way I believe he did. That much losing has to take its toll on some of these guys. Instead of putting up points and skating your way off the team. I think guys sometimes play just poorly enough to get themselves traded. I think a 3rd rounder was a steal for this guyYeah whether or not he was content with his situation you get used to your surroundings right? Your routines and such, people you hang out with and places you go; it would be awkward for anyone, anywhereI'm pretty sure there's translators, consultants that they bring in to show you around, get you set up in a condo. That then there's your routine of gym, practice, hockey, travel, doctors, nutritionists, trainers. Then there's promotional things like sponsors, charities, that take your time.
Unless you live in the city during the offseason, during the season you are too busy I think to dwell on stuff.
Thinking about it, Tort's for a guy from the US was probably more xenophobic than any European player hereLink to comment
Share on other sitesN64 is an EXCELLENT nickname!
I remember seeing an interview Vladi did when he was discussing the importance of how people like LaPierre took him under their wing when he first arrived in St. Louis and how much it meant to him as far as making him feel at home and a part of the team. He's a very high character man, so I could see him doing the same for Nail.
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Why does everyone assume that just because people are both Russian that they like each other? Like Jesus... I guess you are all friends with every Canadian you've met (provided you are a Canadian.) Look, people are the same wherever you go, and every individual has types of people they like. Yes, sharing a native language/culture can provide you with commonalities but that doesn't guarantee you anything. | eng | 5e3791d3-a96d-493e-8151-2aed6f9a3389 | https://forum.canucks.com/topic/379388-yakupov-realities-of-a-trade/ |
Math and Media Ratings
TV, social media, music & more! Dan Malmed, D39 parent and Nielsen SVP/Sales Director US Media, showed Wilmette Junior High School students how math relates to TV ratings and other media.
Quizzing students about what they thought were recent highest performing video games, movies, TV show, and hit songs, Mr. Malmed illustrated how Nielsen analyzes what consumers watch and buy. Students learned how media companies and advertisers interpret Nielsen data generated by "People Meters" to make programming and marketing decisions. | eng | 582ef4a6-8ad1-40ef-aa01-664e875949a3 | https://d39foundation.org/math-and-media-ratings/ |
First, explain what anthropologists mean when we make a distinction between "Culture" and "culture(s)" (culture with a capital C vs. culture with a lowercase c). According to our textbook, what do some people say is problematic about "culture(s)"? What connections do you see between the issues with Culture/cultures described in our textbook and the TED talk by Anthropologist Wade Davis? Second, explain why cultural relativity is so important to anthropologists. How can cultural relativity improve outsiders' understanding of female genital cutting? Finally, feel free to discuss anything you thought was interesting from the reading and/or the TED Talk by Wade DavisConcept
Looking for a Similar Assignment? Get Expert Help at an Amazing Discount! | eng | 063cf0eb-ada4-4ab5-bb20-0e1b0ebdfd52 | https://perfectresearchpapers.com/2023/02/14/discussion-1-the-culture-concept/ |
Students with their hands up responding to their teacher | eng | ab57c274-482c-4562-8f67-00e2342623f3 | https://workforcesouthplains.org/youth/students-with-their-hands-up-responding-to-their-teacher/ |
An opportunity for skeptical activism or a conspiratory club?
Wikipedia is known as an international encyclopaedia. But is it also a worldwide network with secret members, seeking to influence humankind? Or is it a web forum, where one can publish their opinion? How does Wikipedia work? And how can you make a difference?
Even among skeptics, Wikipedia is still looked at with scrutiny. Is it reliable? Are there mechanisms and processes to make Wikipedia more valid and protected?
Annika Harrison
Annika Harrison is a member of GWUP, the German skeptics organisation. She is also a proud member of the European Skeptics Podcast (ESP) and writes interviews and reports for the online section of the Skeptical Inquirer. She joined Guerrilla Skepticism on Wikipedia in 2017 and most enjoys recording audio introductions to further the richness of pages concerning Skepticism.
Professionally, she is a teacher of English and history at a comprehensive school close to Cologne, Germany.
The Art of More: How Mathematics Created Civilisation
We have a problem with mathematics. Half of the UK's adults live with nothing more than the mathematical skills they learned at primary school, and many people experience a tangible fear when facing anything to do with numbers. The root of the problem lies in the fact that no one is ever taught what maths actually is.
In this talk, Michael Brooks lays out the essence of mathematics, explains why it muddles our brains and explores the reasons humans have persevered with it when other species rarely bother counting beyond 3.
Animals tend to refer to this uncharted territory as just "more", but it is here that human uniqueness is found. Once we understand how mathematics – the art of more — connects ancient Babylon to modern banking, world heritage architecture to the worldwide web, and the I-Ching to the iPhone, we can begin to see mathematics as more than just a maze of numbers: we see it as the pinnacle of human achievement.
Ian Keable – The Century Of Deception
The 1700s was a period when the people of England seemed to be especially gullible. They believed a woman could give birth to rabbits; a man could climb inside a two pint bottle and sing inside it; and where a blond-haired European could write a book claiming that he was born in Taiwan.
These hoaxes weren't just written about extensively in newspapers and journals but also brilliantly and amusingly depicted by satirical artists such as William Hogarth and James Gillray.
Ian Keable
Ian obtained a first-class degree from the University of Oxford in Philosophy, Politics and Economics, qualified as a chartered accountant and then became a professional magician. A member of The Magic Circle with gold star, he has won several awards for his unique brand of comedy magic.
He has also performed on television and has written and presented programmes for BBC Radio.
An accredited lecturer for The Arts Society, he gives talks on magic history, cartoons and eighteenth-century hoaxes.
Due to unforeseen circumstances, Mike Rothschild is unable to join us tomorrow night, so we will be bringing him back at a later date. Instead, we have our very own Michael Marshall who will be talking to us about Bad PR!
How QAnon Became a Movement, Cult, and Conspiracy Theory of Everything
As a journalist specializing in conspiracy theories, Mike Rothschild has been collecting stories about the deadly QAnon movement
Mike Rothschild
Mike Rothschild is a journalist focused on the intersections between internet culture and politics as seen through the dark glass of conspiracy theories. He has specialized in an investigation of the QAnon conspiracy cult since its inception in 2018, and is one of the first journalists to reveal its connections to past conspiracy theories and scams. Rothschild's expertise has led to his becoming a leading commentator on the subject for The New York Times, The Washington Post, NPR, CNN, MSNBC, the BBC, and elsewhere.
When and Where? ** Postponed 'til later **
Livestreaming on twitch.tv/sitp at 7:00 pm UK time on a date to be announced.
Back in April 2020 a bunch of Skeptics in the Pub organisers got together to create Skeptics in the Pub Online, and for the last 15 months we have been working hard to bring you interesting talks from a variety of experts.
So far, except for a short break over Christmas we have been able to put on weekly talks followed by a Zoom call in our virtual pub The Lock-Inn's Razor.
Due in part to the summer sun, pubs re-opening, and the steady progress towards normality we have decided to to reduce the frequency of our talks to every other week, starting on the 22nd July (there is no talk scheduled for the 15th).
We will still be opening The Lock-Inn's Razor every week. It'll open after the talks and at 7pm on non-talk weeks. So it will be open on the 15th. And you can still talk to your Fellow Skeptics throughout the week on our Discord channel.
Thank you all for your support over the last 15 months and we hope you continue to attend talks and visit us in the Lock-Inn's Razor.
(And Other Just So Stories)
While evolution acceptance is generally high among the skeptically-minded, evolutionary psychology is far less widely accepted. Lindsey explores some of the good scientific work in this area, as well as common misconceptions about—and misuses of—the evolutionary framework as applied to human psychology.
This summer's protests over the police killings of George Floyd and other African American citizens have refocused the nation's attention on the problem of abusive policing and its connection to larger issues of racial justice. The protesters' demands raise a question: Can the police be reformed?
Following the protests of police killings of Mike Brown in Ferguson we were told that policing would be reformed through a series of procedural justice interventions designed to make police more professional, less biased, and more accountable. There is little evidence, however that these reforms have had the desired consequences. Police continue to kill over 1,000 people a year in the US and heavily policed communities continue to experience widespread police misconduct.
Even when the police do perform in a lawful and unbiased way, they are often tasked with enforcing laws and managing social problems in ways that may actually make the problem worse. Uprooting homeless encampments, criminalizing children in school, and chasing drug dealers has done little to make communities safer and has contributed to the immiseration of those targeted.
Why don't police reforms work? Can defunding the police be a viable alternative to police reform? What would it mean for high crime communities that have had to rely on police as the only resource for addressing crime and disorder? Does abolishing the police really mean getting rid of all police and how would that be achieved?
Alex Vitale will answer these questions based on 30 years of experience in both studying policing and advising community-based movements for police reform. He'll discuss the historical role of police and their relationship to contemporary policing, and he'll look at the current movement to defund the police and the specific policy proposals it supports, including initiatives to reduce gun violence, fix schools, and deal with substance abuse and mental health crises. NavalWhen and Where?
Livestreaming on twitch.tv/sitp at 7:00 pm UK time on Thursday 8th April.
Debunking denialist claims is essential – yet also rarely effective. In this talk, Dr Keith Kahn-Harris will argue that we are now seeing both the triumph of denialism and its end. He argues that denialism emerges when one's deepest desires are 'unspeakable'. Increasingly though, we are seeing denialism superseded by the open acknowledgement of desire. So in thinking about denialism, we also have to consider whether a world without it might not be a truth-filled utopia, but something even worse. | eng | f21c3b11-9910-4f4b-972b-8ff59df49d57 | https://www.hampshireskeptics.org/page/4/ |
Amazon develops a new way to help Alexa answer complex questions
Amazon develops a new way to help Alexa answer complex questions Darrell Etherington | eng | 04de0f13-e535-4093-99a1-85e57b48f628 | https://paulbratcher.net/2019/08/amazon-develops-a-new-way-to-help-alexa-answer-complex-questions/ |
This should work, run just on the target files (from a single file display).
It should also work properly when using Find Results or other collections or Flat View where all the files you want to replace are not directly below the same folder. If you don't need that it can be simplified slightly.
dopusrt /acmd Copy "S:\IT\Retire.exe" TO {filepath|..} AS {file}
It will prompt you to replace each file as it is. You could add a WHENEXISTS=replace argument to prevent that (but then be careful). | eng | e584ceef-4536-4162-8ad9-c74a1504c800 | https://resource.dopus.com/t/help-replace-file-keeping-original-file-name/22883 |
Summary
Publication Date: October 30, 2020
The Diary of Anne Frank is a seminal piece of twentieth-century literature. It recounts the tragic and moving story of a young Jewish teenager faced with the horrors of Nazism. In it, Anne establishes a bond with her readers that transcends both time and space, making them her friends and confidants. Readers feel a connection with each dream she had, each fear she endured, and each struggle she confronted. Her diary ended, but her story did not. The Lost Diary of Anne Frank picks up where her original journal left off, taking the reader on a credible journey through the tragic final months of her life, faithfully adhering to her own, very personal, diary format in the process.
In The Lost Diary of Anne Frank, Anne receives mysterious help from many quarters. A strange lady on the other side of the fence haunts her dreams. Her mom once vilified, becomes a hero. Anne struggles with the existence of God and His presence or absence in all of her ordeals. She contrasts the depravity of man with what she sees as mankind's evident virtues. Her longing to experience sensual pleasures is numbed by forced over-exposure. She finds that in the Nazi efforts to extinguish the humanity of their victims, a chorus of unity evolves among the captives. Anne's vaulted dreams for fame and notice are ultimately traded in for the true longings of life, love, and peace. The Lost Diary of Anne Frank follows her story to the chilling end.
I'm going to do something I rarely do. I'm going to give a negative review. It's harsh, and I admit it. Please bear with me while I explain my position.
I read a great deal of WWII books and many of them about the Holocaust. I do this to remind myself that our freedoms should never be taken for granted and what can happen when good people do nothing. We must actively fight fascism and all forms of racism, inequality, and authoritarianism.
I picked up The Lost Diary of Anne Frank by Johnny Teague out of curiosity. I wondered how Anne Frank would be portrayed. But honestly, I was leery as I feel Anne's diary doesn't need to be embellished, nor augmented—especially by a non-family member and most especially not into a fictionalized account.
My thoughts run contrary to that of the author regarding the need for this book. In the introduction, Teague states that he feels The Diary of Anne Frank ended too abruptly (because the small group living in the attic were discovered by the Gestapo and subsequently sent to Auschwitz) and compared it to recording a movie and having it end at the climax. He felt Anne's diary should have continued until her death and made his argument for that position.
I beg to differ. I think the abruptness of the diary's ending and its starkness speaks volumes. We know Anne, her sister, and her mother were victims of Hitler and his Nazi killing machine. We know Anne wanted to be a journalist. We know she didn't live to fulfill that dream. We also know her father lived to see her diary printed. Through The Diary of Anne Frank, Anne fulfilled her dream posthumously, and her name and her story are known throughout the world. Many people who knew Anne while she was in Auschwitz or Bergen-Belsen have come forward with anecdotes of her, and they are readily available if people wish to learn more of Anne's time in the death camps. A fictional book like this isn't necessary, and it pre-supposes far too much.
When I started reading The Lost Diaries of Anne Frank, I knew nothing about the author. I had zero preconceived notions of the author's background, education, etc. However, as I continued to read, I realized Teague's background was indeed an issue.
What made me pause reading and find out more about the man behind the book was when Teague had Anne reciting The Lord's Prayer. You read that right. Teague had a 15-year-old girl imprisoned at Auschwitz for no other reason than she was born a Jew—surrounded by death every single day—invocating The Lord's Prayer because it "brought her comfort." Not a Hebrew prayer her mother or father may have said while Anne was growing up, but a Christian prayer she had never heard before. To say I was livid doesn't even begin to touch on how I felt reading those passages (I'm Christian, by the way). The arrogance. The audacity. What sort of man does something so utterly disrespectful to not only Anne Frank but to the six million Jews lost in the Holocaust?
If I thought Teague's insertion of The Lord's Prayer would be his only attempt at injecting Christianity or religiosity into his book, I was sorely mistaken. It was continuous throughout the whole book. So much so, he should classify this book under "Christian" or "Spiritual."
Teague's constant proselytizing wasn't my only issue with this book; he clearly has no idea how teenage girls think or feel. His writing was inauthentic at best and ludicrous to the absurd at worst. He seemed to forget Anne, his character, was supposed to be a 15-year-old immature girl, not a middle-aged man with a wealth of experience, knowledge, and education. Also, by "writing" in Anne's head, Teague is contriving far too much and assuming thoughts that may or may not have ever occurred to Anne and passing them off as fact.
Which leads me back to my research on Dr. Teague. The author proudly claims to have five degrees and is a middle-aged, evangelical Christian pastor. As stated in Dr. Teague's bio, he has extensively studied the Holocaust, interviewed survivors, and went to Yad Vashem in Isreal. Yet, he wholly lacks sensitivity to his Jewish brothers and sisters.
I can appreciate Teague's time and attention to the horrors of the Holocaust. Had he used that knowledge to write a completely fictional tale, and not tried to co-opt Anne's diary, I would perhaps be giving a slightly different review. But that's not what he chose to do.
Teague did a great disservice to Anne Frank's memory in The Lost Diary of Anne Frank, and I can't help but ask why? What was the purpose of writing this book? Again, Teague could have used his self-professed vast knowledge of the Holocaust to write a standalone book. So why did he feel the need to write about Anne? And why co-opt The Diary of Anne Frank if not to profit off of it?
I have no qualms with Teague's writing quality. He is a fine writer, and in my opinion, he should have chosen to write a fictional novel using fictional characters to depict the horrors of Auschwitz and Bergin-Belsen or any number of death camps the Nazis operated rather than piggy-backing off the success of The Diary of Anne Frank to make a buck and proselytize.
I bumped this book up to 2-Stars instead of 1-Star primarily due to the research Dr. Teague did for this book. While I can't read Dr. Teague's mind nor divine his intentions, to this reader, it appears the only goal for writing this book is to profit off Anne Frank's name and her family's tragedy and attempt to convert souls to his faith.
Usually, I would include buy links for this title, but I will not do that for this book.
Dr. Johnny Teague is an author and historian having earned five degrees, culminating with a doctorate in exposition. History and life stories have been his passion. Through travel, interviews, and extensive study, he continues to build on his foundation. Preparation for this book has included interviews with Holocaust survivors, studies at the Holocaust museums in Houston, Washington, D.C., and at the Yad Vashem in Israel. His study has carried him around the world multiple times to research at sites including Auschwitz, Dachau, the Corrie ten Boom House, and the Anne Frank House.
REVIEW AUTHOR
Dayna is the owner of not only Novels Alive but of Day Agency, a full-service self-publishing agency for independent authors. She has been assisting independent authors to achieve their2 COMMENTS
I completely agree with your critical review. As an author of a Second War novel, fictionalizing the experiences of my dad in this war under the occupation of the Nazis, I know about it and I acknowledge Johhny Teague apparently did his research. And there it stops for me. I compared it to the original novel and found that Anne only mentioned God seven (7) times all throughout her diary, while in the first 50 pages of this 231 page-long book of Teague, she already mentioned God 13 (thirteen) times in the first 50 pages. In his novel, she spoke about God very unlike according to her character and is speaking in ways in Teague's diary as if she has become an American evangelist, babbling religiously like an obsessed old woman and not at all a teen girl, walking with "God's hand on her shoulder." That might be okay with uninformed readers Christians who didn't read the original. Teague in my view has exploited the fact that the copyright expired after 70 years of her death and made her Jewishness disappear. It has no value to embroider another sequel, like Hollywood, or Netflix to this devastating life. He even stole the photos. Shame.2-STAR REVIEW: THE LOST DIARY OF ANNE FRANK by Johnny Teague | eng | c5b20726-b285-482a-b597-f5de2455a68a | https://novelsalive.com/2021/10/25/2-star-review-the-lost-diary-of-anne-frank-by-johnny-teague/ |
Tinnitus' ringing in the ear has no easy solutions
Ongoing tinnitus affects an estimated 15% of the population in the United States.
stock.adobe.com
Dear Doctors: I am a woman in my 80s and have been in pretty good health. However, I now have ringing in my ears that drives me crazy. I've tried drugstore pills and drops and a sound machine, but nothing works. I am hoping you can explain this ordeal and offer suggestions.
Answer: You have described tinnitus. It's defined as a perceived sound that doesn't arise from an external source.
Tinnitus isn't a condition in itself but a symptom of some other underlying problem.
The sounds someone with tinnitus hears occur because something taking place within the body has begun to affect the complex apparatus that allows us to hear.
Ongoing tinnitus affects an estimated 15% of the U.S. population. Many more people report temporary episodes, often due to exposure to a loud noise or a blow to the head.
The most common sound associated with tinnitus is ringing. People also report hissing, buzzing, whistling, chirping, whirring and roaring.
Potential physical causes include high blood pressure, earwax buildup and a side effect of medications including some antibiotics, antidepressants and cancer drugs, as well as large doses of aspirin.
But the major causes of tinnitus are exposure to loud or persistent noise and hearing loss. These can result in damage to the part of the inner ear, the cochlea, that translates the vibrations from sounds into nerve impulses. The information gathered by the cochlea is sent to the brain's auditory cortices, where the nerve impulses are interpreted as sound.
Tinnitus can affect one or both ears and can range from a forgettable background noise to loud and persistent sounds.
Unfortunately, there isn't a single treatment.
We recommend you see an ear specialist — an otolaryngologist — to identify potential physical causes, which often are treatable. The doctor also can make sure your blood pressure is under control.
Also, a hearing specialist can help you explore noise-suppression techniques such as the use of a masking device in the ears. When hearing loss is a factor, hearing aids can help by amplifying external sounds, which often are louder than the inner sounds of tinnitus.
Tinnitus can be maddening. But, by working with a specialist, you might be able to arrive at a combination of techniques that will offer relief.
Manjoo: AI photoshopping is about to get very easy. Maybe too easy News Photoshop… | eng | 5d8af663-eac7-4f38-b912-770479f8aaf5 | https://usa-today-news.com/news/tinnitus-ringing-in-the-ear-has-no-easy-solutions/ |
War on Terror
We found
5 free papers on War on Terror
Essay Examples
Abstract The Things They Carried authored by Tim O'Brien is a partial fabled narrative and partial historical account of the Vietnam War (1955-1973). Throughout the novel O'Brien links the martial theme to what soldiers typically undergo as a result of their participation in war such as post-traumatic stress, gender-discrimination, dehumanization and death. These factors are…
The documentary Dirty Wars, according to Jeremy Scahill, an experienced journalist and war correspondent, is about the "seen and the unseen and the things hidden in plain sight" in the very of the war on terror. The documentary thus, is essentially about bringing up hidden things in plain sight, facts that we know to occur…
The events of September 11 impacted international polices and the regional situation within Pakistan necessitated change to its internal policies. Pakistan found that it had no risk-free options: all polices were full of danger and risk of varying degrees. The test was to adopt such a policy and course of action that could minimize the…
Have you ever wondered what Lincoln, Kennedy, and Obama have in common? All of them presented multiple speeches to the people sharing their values. Lincoln's speech was the " Gettysburg Address" in the time of the Civil War during his presidency and Kennedy's speech was his "Inaugural Address" just after WWII. While Obama's speech was…
Peace. What is this elusive word that seems to escape us, no matter how hard we struggle to find it? How can it be such a momentous challenge? How can it be a friend to some yet an enemy to others? And why is everyone on earth searching for it? The Encarta dictionaries define peace…
Frequently Asked Questions about War on Terror
Don't hesitate to contact us. We are ready to help you 24/7
How did the war on terror affect the economy?
Terrorist acts can cause ripple effects through the economy that have negative impacts. The most obvious is the direct economic destruction of property and lives. Terrorism indirectly affects the economy by creating market uncertainty, xenophobia, loss of tourism, and increased insurance claims. Read More:
What event led to the war on terror?
The War on Terror is the campaign launched by the United States of America in response to the September 11 attacks against organizations designated with terrorism. The campaign, whose stated objective was eliminating international terrorism, began in 2001.
What is the meaning war on terror?
The phrase war on terror was used to specifically refer to the military campaign led by the U.S., U.K. and their allies against organizations and regimes identified by them as a terrorist, and usually excludes other independent counter-terrorist operations and campaigns such as those by Russia and India. | eng | c542a00a-2ccb-49a0-8e14-febaf6b01dbb | https://graduateway.com/essay-examples/war-on-terror/ |
Advertisement thrill | eng | af6f047b-8051-4fa0-99c8-ee903a20f6bc | https://www.ambajay.com/pokie-wins-max-bet-new-zealand/ |
Dream about Being Mad At A Friend
Dream about being mad at a friend is sometimes your labor and hard work. You are experiencing abundance in some area of your life. You need to calm down over some situation. This dream is a clue for your determination. Some specific qualities may be triggered by someone or some situation in your life.
Being mad at a friend dream is a sign for your stress level about planning an party or an event. You are feeling insecure about your physical appearance. Perhaps you are in a rut. This means some burden or responsibility that you are carrying around. You need to learn to adapt to ever-changing situations.
If you dreamt about being mad at a friend:
All relationships have beginnings and endings. Sometimes there is a natural recognition that things have come as far as they can, and at other times there is the knowledge that a little distance or separation, will make the space for real change in both your attitudes. If you have been very much together, perhaps it is time for a space so that new elements can emerge in the partnership.
Related to being mad at a friend dream:
Dream about a friend being mad is a metaphor for inner dignity. Perhaps you need to get a clearer picture or idea. You are looking for a sense of belonging and familyhood. The dream signifies oppression, lowliness and vulnerability. You have been wronged in some way.
Dream about mother mad draws attention to your self esteem. Your efforts are counterproductive. You do not ask for much to make you happy. This dream is a sign for a new level. You are trying to claim what you feel is rightfully yours.
Dream about mad mother is a portent for an easy and safe way to express your anger. You are headed down an undesirable path. Light is being shed on a once cloudy situation or problem. This dream signifies neglect of your emotional nature. You need to prepare yourself for an important transition in your life.
Dream about becoming mad stands for your retreat from reality. Someone is in need. In order to achieve success, you need to endure the struggle and efforts that go along with success. This states the unexplored and untapped aspects of your character. You are reluctant to share your innermost thoughts and fully express who you are.
Dream about jealous friend refers to your libido and emotional desire. You are feeling inadequate or unqualified. You need to build or work on in your relationships. The dream indicates action and responsibility. You may feel violated.
Dream about being mad at husband points to your giving nature. You need to know when to act and to act quickly. You need to clear up the clutter in your life. This dream is something or someone that you look up to. You are looking for intimacy or emotional fulfillment.
Dream about sick friend is decisiveness and control in your life. You feel you are being left behind. Perhaps you need to show more humility in a situation. It represents increase prosperity and fortune. You need to learn to make your life less complicated | eng | 43c3ec20-d0a6-47e8-b564-522e12873e2c | https://www.dreamaboutmeaning.com/dream-about-being-mad-at-a-friend-meaning.html |
What is Honey Yield?
Yield, literally, is the sum of the product obtained in 1 year. The yield is different for each agricultural product. The concept of harvest is used not only in agricultural products but also in honey. Although many people are asked what is the yield of honey, this varies according to each region and honey. Some types of honey It is produced from endemic plant species. Bees collect pollen by landing on endemic plant species throughout the year. With these powders, bees produce honey and annual milking is done from the produced honey.
Turkish Beekeepers' Central Union collects data every year. Finds the annual honey production in Turkey in line with the honey yields of the regions and provinces. Conducting research on what is the yield of honey also prevents beekeepers from taking unconscious actions. When comparing the previous years with the new crop, it is also revealed where the producer made a mistake.
There are many different types of honey in our country. The most produced honey varieties in Turkey;
These honeys, which vary according to the area they are produced, will also differ in yield. Although the honey harvest of the regions is evident in the middle of the season, adverse weather conditions also determine the amount to be produced. It is necessary to have information about what is the honey yield as well as what affects the honey yield. In this way, beekeepers pay special attention to these issues while producing honey. Causes affecting honey yield;
Unplanned spraying
Adverse weather conditions
Global warming
Less pollination
Not maintaining the combs
Economic risks
Social risks
Natural disasters
Each one affects the honey yield on its own. Anzer honey Considering the 2019 harvest, it is close to 2 tons, while it is expected to exceed 2 tons this year. After the beekeepers take the necessary care, the yield of honey increases. In areas where pine honey is produced, yield reduction is seen with forest fires. In the Mediterranean Region, where forest fires increase, the yield of pine honey begins to decline further.
In special honeys such as Anzer honey;
Timely maintenance of the honeycomb by the producers
Climatic conditions support the production of Anzer honey
will increase the yield. Since the yield of chestnut honey and other honeys is different every year, it may not be easy to follow the developments. In regions with special honey, such as the Black Sea region, citizens will achieve success in honey production after performing comb maintenance and other works. Since the content of each honey is different, the content of honeys that are a source of healing, such as chestnut honey and Anzer honey, is determined. The honey harvest of that year is not known until the honey milking process is done completely. Although the producers set an average of a certain kg each year, the figures will appear when the milking process is fully completed. | eng | 18850354-8279-43ba-ae2d-7f394a3436d8 | https://www.raillynews.com/2022/12/what-is-honey-harvest/ |
Guns are often portrayed as dangerous and deadly weapons that should be heavily regulated or even banned. However, the reality is that guns can be incredibly safe when used properly. Here are five re... ...more
Once upon a time, there was a family who lived in a nice neighborhood. They had always felt safe in their home, but one day, they heard about a string of burglaries happening in the area. The family d... ...more
A good holster is an essential accessory for anyone who carries a firearm for personal protection, whether it be for everyday concealed carry or for law enforcement duties. Here are five tips to findi... ...more | eng | 2ed9b593-2f18-463d-a807-443b9d6e25bd | https://www.survivalfittest.com/blog |
Prints and returns Pearson's correlation between each variable
and each measure listed. Can pass in a
dataset from create_dataset, or function calls create_dataset itself.
Usage
1
Arguments
dataset
dataset from create_dataset that contains all variables
and measures of interest
person
an instantiated Person object
variables
list of variablesmeasures
list of measures that variables and measures are
observed in (time, date, or datetime) - only needed if
dataset is not passed in
Value
Pearson's correlation between each variable and each measure
Note
'correlation' uses "pairwise.complete.obs", which only computes the
correlation between all complete pairs of observations. | eng | a1e29e02-bef7-415c-91c4-4bb2c166f6e6 | https://rdrr.io/cran/lifelogr/man/correlation.html |
Verizon support router: How to set up your new router
Router IP Address | Router IPIf you're looking for help setting up your new Verizon router, you've come to the right place. In this article, we'll walk you through the process of getting your router up and running. We'll also provide some troubleshooting tips in case you run into any problems.
How to set up your new router
Assuming you have already unboxed and plugged in your router:
1. Find the router's IP address. This is usually on a sticker on the router itself.
2. Type the IP address into your web browser and hit enter. This will take you to the router's login page.
3. Enter the username and password. Again, this is usually on a sticker on the router.
4. Once you are logged in, find the section for wireless settings.
5. Enter a name for your network (also called an SSID) and a password.
6. Save your changes and log out.
7. To test if your router is working, open up your wireless settings on your computer or phone and look for your new network. Connect to it and enter the password. If everything is working, you should be able to connect to the internet.
How to connect your new router
Most routers come with a setup guide that will walk you through the steps of connecting your new router. In general, you will need to connect your router to your modem, and then connect your devices to the router.
To optimize your new router for SEO, make sure to choose a unique SSID (name) for your network. You can also use a tool like inSSIDer to find the best channel for your location.
Finally, remember to keep your router's firmware up to date for the best security and performance.
How to install your new router
Assuming you have all the necessary hardware (cables, power adapter, etc.), the process of installing a new router is actually quite simple.
1. First, find a good spot to put your router. It's important to have good airflow around the router and to keep it away from any large metal objects.
2. Next, connect your router to your modem (and to the power outlet).
3. Once it's plugged in, turn on your modem first, wait a minute or two, and then turn on your router.
4. Now open up a web browser on your computer and type in your router's IP address. This will bring you to the router's web-based control panel.
5. From here, you can start configuring your router. This includes things like setting up a password, choosing a wireless network name (SSID), and so on.
6. When you're finished configuring your router, be sure to save your changes. And that's it! Your new router is now up and running.
How to configure your new router
Assuming you have a new router, the first thing you need to do is configure it. This can be done through the router's web interface. To access the web interface, you need to know the router's IP address. This can be found in the documentation that came with the router. Once you have the IP address, open a web browser and type it into the address bar. This will bring up the login page for the router. The username and password will also be in the documentation. Once you are logged in, you can begin configuring the router.
There are a few things you should do to optimize your router for SEO. First, make sure that your router's web interface is accessible from anywhere in the world. This can be done by opening the port that the web interface uses in the router's firewall settings. Second, make sure that your router's DNS settings are configured correctly. The DNS server that your router uses should be able to resolve all of the domains that you want to rank for in Google. Third, make sure that your router's uptime is as high as possible. Uptime is the percentage of time that your router is online and available. The higher the uptime, the better.
These are just a few things that you can do to optimize your router for SEO. By following these tips, you can ensure that your router is configured correctly and that it is accessible from anywhere in the world.
How to troubleshoot your new router
If your new router is not working as expected, there are a few things you can do to troubleshoot the issue.
First, check that the router is properly plugged into an electrical outlet and that all the cables are securely connected. If everything looks okay there, reboot the router by unplugging it from the power outlet and then plugging it back in.
Next, check your internet connection. If you're using a wired connection, make sure the Ethernet cable is plugged into the router and your computer. If you're using a wireless connection, check that the router is turned on and that your computer is connected to the correct wireless network.
If you're still having trouble, try resetting the router to its factory default settings. This will erase any custom settings you've made, so you'll need to reconfigure the router afterwards. To do this, press and hold the reset button on the router for 30 seconds.
If you're still having trouble after trying all of these things, contact your router's manufacturer for further assistance.
How to optimize your new router
There are a few things you can do to optimize your new router and make it more friendly for SEO.
1. Give your router a descriptive and keyword rich name. This will help search engines understand what your router is all about and index it accordingly.
2. Optimize your router's description. This is another opportunity to include relevant keywords that will help search engines index your router.
3. Make sure your router's URL is short and descriptive. This will help users remember the URL and also make it easier for search engines to index your router.
4. Promote your router on social media. This will help create backlinks to your router and also get more people talking about it which can help with its ranking.
How to reset your new router
If you're experiencing problems with your new router, or just want to start from scratch, you can reset it. Resetting your router will erase all of your custom settings and return it to the factory default settings.
To reset your router:
Locate the reset button on your router. This is usually a small button labeled "Reset" or "Restore Factory Settings."
Use a paperclip or other sharp object to press and hold the reset button for 30 seconds.
Release the reset button and wait for your router to reboot. This may take a few minutes.
Once your router has rebooted, you can log in using the default username and password. These are usually listed in the router's documentation or on the bottom or back of the router. | eng | 97236914-8c22-4ade-a1ee-b7d555c87353 | https://routerip.pro/verizon-support-router-how-to-set-up-your-new-router/ |
Summer Law School (In-Person)
The Summer Law School will give young people interested in pursuing law as a career or at university an in-depth introduction to every aspect of the legal world. The in-person events will focus on Criminal and Family Law, and on Civil Law, and will include a full mock trials, in which students will take the roles of prosecution and defence barristers.
The Criminal & Family Law course will look at the foundations of justice in a common law system, at the laws relating to offences against property and against the person, at how criminal and civil law differs and at how the family courts try to juggle competing interests and claims. The Civil Law course will explore legal relations between private individuals and companies, through the mechanisms of contract law and tort law. Throughout both events, students will take part in seminars on some tricky and controversial legal questions, engage in lively debates and have the opportunity to learn tip and techniques for professional advocacy.
Attendees will also have the opportunity to discuss legal issues in depth with expert tutors, work on legal problems together with enthusiastic and motivated peers, and learn about degree courses with law graduates from top universities.
One of the primary goals of these courses is to establish a skill set for the students who participate which will benefit them in law undergraduate applications and study. The debate and advocacy element of the Summer School, including the Mock Trial, offers students vital skills of analysis, teamwork, public speaking and confidence (as well as teaching them about relevant areas of law and courtroom practice). Negotiation exercises encourage students to develop their skills of representation and measured argument.
The Summer Law School will give students the opportunity to engage with an interactive, enjoyable and intellectual learning environment with other students who either have an interest in law or are keen to learn more about it. The tutors are friendly and ensure everyone is able to participate fully in the activities as well as being there to answer questions and to suggest further study to the students. The more that students choose to engage with the material, the other students and the activities, the more they will get out of the Summer School and the clearer perspective they will gain on their individual interests within the law and the field of legal careers.
'The Debate Chamber Law Summer School was an amazing experience. I loved learning about the different types of Law, and looking at cases where I really had to think to work out what the outcome would be. It was a good balance between challenging me, and ensuring I was able to grasp the concepts. It's helped me to make my mind up that I want to do Law at University! Thank you Debate Chamber!'
'I thoroughly enjoyed my week at the Debate Chamber. The other students were incredibly friendly, the tutors were brilliant, teaching was top-class and most of all I had such a great time!'
'If you are unsure whether Law is the career path for you, I would recommend this Summer Law School whole-heartedly. I learnt such a great deal about the law as well as the possible careers paths one could take after finishing their degree. The tutors were fabulous and made each area of law as engaging and informative as they could in order to enlighten us to how the law is actually implemented in real court cases. It really was an unforgettable week and was entirely worth it.'
'This Law course is just brilliant! It has definitely opened up many doors for me and taught me so much more about law on a wider scale, I learnt countless new things that I wouldn't have if I hadn't attended and the best thing is the practice it gives you with debates and public speaking, which is essential for law! I really recommend it, the knowledge and information is fantastic!'
Practical Details
Please note, this is the in-person version of the Law Summer School – see here for the online event.
—
The Law Summer School (in-person) is open to students aged 15 – 18. Teaching hours on each day will run from 10.30am till 4.30pm, with a lunch break.
The Law Summer School Part 1 (Criminal and Family Law) will take place on the 21st – 25th August.
The Law Summer School Part 2 (Civil Law) will take place on the 29th August – 1st September.
The venue for both events will be Woburn House in Bloomsbury, Central London – see more location details. Please note that this event is non-residential, and accommodation must be arranged independently if required.
The fees for this course are £695 per student for the five-day Part 1 course, or £595 for the four-day Part 2 course.
You the bursary application form | eng | 9b860ba7-88ab-41ea-88af-1d72f1dc5e24 | https://debatechamber.com/project/summer-law-school-in-person/ |
delanceyplace.com 9/1/09 - health and friendship
"Belonging to social groups and networks appears to be an important predictor of health—just as important as diet and exercise. This point is demonstrated by a study of 655 stroke patients reported in 2005 by Bernadette Boden-Albala, professor of sociomedical sciences and neurology at Columbia University and her colleagues. Patients who were socially isolated were nearly twice as likely to have another stroke within five years as were those with meaningful social relationships. In fact, being cut off from others appeared to put people at far greater risk of another stroke than traditional factors such as having coronary artery disease or being physically inactive (each of which increased the likelihood of a second stroke by about 30 percent).
"Such effects are not restricted to those who have a significant health problem. In a 2008 study, epidemiologists and health researchers Karen Ertel, Maria Glymour and Lisa Berkman of the Harvard School of Public Health tracked 16,638 elderly Americans over a period of six years. The findings, published in the American Journal of Public Health, revealed significantly less memory loss in those who were more socially integrated and active.
"Using an even more prosaic health indicator, a 2003 study by Carnegie Mellon University psychologist Sheldon Cohen and his colleagues showed that a diverse social network made people less susceptible to the common cold. Their work published in Psychological Science indicated that the least sociable people in their sample were twice as likely to get colds as those who were the most sociable—even though the more sociable people were probably exposed to many more germs. ...
"A body of recent research shows that belonging to multiple social groups is particularly critical in shielding people from the health hazards of important life changes. Consider the marathon runner whose injury prevents her from ever running again. Anyone might be devastated by such an injury but the consequences are greater for a person who defines herself exclusively in terms of being a runner. Likewise think of the workaholic who never has time for his family or friends and therefore finds adjustment to retirement particularly difficult.
"We hypothesize that it is best not to have all of your eggs (social identities) in one basket in case misfortune strikes. It is better research suggests to spread your metaphorical eggs around a number of baskets (that is to have multiple social identities) so that the loss of one still leaves you with others.
"Three of us (Haslam, Haslam and Jetten) recently examined this notion in a study we conducted with other clinical and social psychologists—Abigail Holmes, W. Huw Williams and Aarti Iyer— at the University of Exeter in England. In the study published in 2008 in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, we examined the changing circumstances of 53 people who had recently suffered a stroke. Life satisfaction after the stroke was much higher for those who had belonged to more social groups before their stroke. Further analysis suggested the reason for this finding was that stroke patients who had previously belonged to a lot of groups had a bigger social support network to fall back on." | eng | e7ff5292-27c7-4963-9595-0bfaf235a0b4 | https://delanceyplace.com/view-archives.php?p=1141 |
Carrie Tan on outdoor and nature-based learning
Transforming Early and Primary Education
Mr Chairman, more private preschools are increasingly incorporating nature and outdoor-based learning for children. Besides better physical development, it also helps children improve mental well-being and develop higher intuitive intelligence. This refers to the ability to think holistically, to think paradoxically, to listen and connect to oneself and others and the ability to lead by influence rather than design.
The role of nature is thus essential. Nature provides the best classroom for such learning and all schools should be enabled to harness nature-based learning so that all children can benefit and not just those whose parents can afford private preschools. I urge MOE to make outdoor and nature-based learning the main approach in early and primary education.
As the world evolves with new climate realities, we cannot be playing catch-up in preparing our young for future jobs in the Green Economy. It is imperative that we equip our young to be "nature natives" and not just "digital natives".
Beyond occasional visits to farms and community gardens, children in preschool and kindergartens can be introduced to the sciences by playing in nature and be guided to observe how plants, animals and other elements in nature interact in symbiotic relationships. They can learn spelling by identifying plants and creatures, be taught teamwork collaboration through play-based lessons and fun projects in the outdoors.
In lower primary, students can learn conventional subjects like science, mathematics, commerce and communication through nature-based approaches such as tending to food gardens and harvesting produce to be sold in a school cooperatives or other enterprise or social projects. Upper primary students can be facilitated to learn organising skills, collaboration and leadership by leading these projects. Real world application-based learning from a young age will help an increasingly evolved and questioning generation to see relevance in their education. Incorporating more play also imbues joy and helps foster stronger desire to deepen their pursuit of knowledge as they mature into tertiary years.
We can begin by sending interested educators to receive training in naturalistic pedagogy and pioneer a detailed curriculum for pre- and primary school. This can segue into the International Baccalaureate (IB), General Certificate of Education (GCE) or Institute of Technical Education (ITE) options depending on the inclinations and aptitude of the youth.
To begin this transition, schools planned to be closed due to low demand can be re-designed to pilot this model. Parents can voluntarily sign up if they are keen to give their children an alternative approach to education.
Coupled with a longitudinal study of a cohort of children from age three to 16, the improvements to well-being and learning are observed along the way, MOE can scale the pilot to offer more spaces to willing parents progressively until it is accepted by most. This will ensure that the transformation of our education system is evidence-based and at a measured pace in partnership with parents. | eng | 509aa5b2-c6ae-4e36-81f0-f4e102e5fc69 | https://papneesoon.sg/2023/04/02/carrie-tan-on-outdoor-and-nature-based-learning/ |
Home aC Repairs – What Is The Lifespan Of An Air Conditioner?
Being a property owner features challenging decisions. While we have actually all listened to that investing in a house enhances its value, making a decision where and also how to do that can be a difficult choice. Should you update the cooking area? Complete the basement? The answer isn't constantly simple.
When it concerns your HVAC system, the decision-making procedure gets back at harder. Unless you're a skilled a/c service technician, it can be tough to inform whether a malfunctioning A/C needs new batteries in the thermostat or a more substantial repair service. For homeowners with older ac unit, the choice usually become whether to repair the unit or change it totally.
Picking to change your old A/C is an important decision. Modern air conditioning unit can last upwards of fifteen years, so it's essential you pick the correct system for your home's air conditioning demands. It's not a decision that should be hurried. Yet if your older A/C breaks down on a 100 degree day, you might not have an option. You'll have to make a fast choice.
Similar to an old car, a/c show indicators of failing prior to they actually fall short. By taking note of the performance of your older A/C, you can start getting ready for the acquisition of a brand-new device prior to you require it.
Below are the leading four indicators your A/C is nearing completion of its life.
Your Air conditioning system is More Than 10 Years Old
This may appear obvious, however if your A/C is getting older, you must begin preparing for the purchase of a brand-new device. Unlike heating systems, air conditioning unit are often outdoors as well as revealed to severe temperature levels throughout the year, which reduces their life expectancy. Modern a/c can last between 15-20 years, and also older a/c unit last around 10-12 years.
The health and also efficiency of your A/C relies on a variety of variables, consisting of whether you appropriately preserved the unit throughout its lifetime. If you skipped the annual A/C tune-ups, your A/C's life expectancy may be much shorter than it was suggested to be. The life expectancy can likewise be impacted by exactly how typically you make use of the unit, how warm as well as damp it gets in the area you live, and also whether or not the device was sized appropriately when it was bought for your home.
If you maintained your ac unit in good condition over its lifetime, anticipate to need a substitute in concerning 10-15 years. Bear in mind that as your A/C gets older, its mechanical components can become not available or out-of-date gradually. If you aren't able to change a damaged component, you will need to buy new system.
Your Air Conditioner Often Breaks Down
If you're getting annual A/C tune-ups from certified service technicians, your a/c unit need to not be experiencing break downs during the summer. Several usual A/C concerns are triggered by a lack of maintenance, and also obtaining your unit kept will certainly avoid them. A/c service technicians are also able to preemptively find and deal with any type of problems your A/C might be experiencing before the summer period starts.
With this in mind, it's a reason for concern if your A/C has multiple malfunctions despite routine maintenance. You might not need an A/C substitute promptly, yet you need to start getting ready for one just in case your unit ends up being unusable.
Regular break downs likewise mean constant repairs, and the expense of those repairs can add up. At a particular factor, it may be much more cost-effective to acquire a brand-new system instead of sinking cash into pricey repair services– specifically if your guarantee has actually run out.
Your Power Costs Have Skyrocketed
Unless there are any sudden changes in your house's energy usage, your energy costs ought to stay around the exact same quantity each month, rising and fall a bit for heating system and also A/C period. If your energy use behaviors have actually remained the very same yet your monthly expense has actually noticeably raised, it may be time for a new air conditioning system.
Higher power costs can indicate that your air conditioning unit is either malfunctioning or shedding efficiency. Power costs commonly start increasing as an ac system gets older, so both problems can be connected.
Receiving a high energy expense one or two times isn't a cause for alarm. However, if your energy bills rise and do not boil down, you might require to begin seeking a brand-new A/C.
Your A/C Makes Use Of R-22 Freon
Beginning on January 1, 2020, Freon will certainly no longer be created in the U.S. This may not seem like a big deal, but it can affect your residence more than you believe! If you have an air conditioning unit that is over 10 years old, it likely uses a cooling agent referred to as R-22 Freon. R-22 has been located to have unfavorable results on the setting, and the United State Epa (EPA) is phasing it out of use.
If your A/C makes use of Freon, do not panic right now. You can still maintain as well as use your A/C, even when 2020 happens. Nonetheless, you should start getting ready for a replacement. If your air conditioning unit endures a breakdown after 2020 and requires a Freon re-fill for the fixing, there will not be any type of offered. Back then, you will have to replace your A/C with a device that does not use the R-22 refrigerant.
A brand-new A/C does not have to be an unforeseen purchase. By paying attention to the efficiency of your a/c, you can recognize when it's time to get ready for an A/C substitute.
If you suspect your A/C is nearing completion of its life, give us a call! Our skilled heating and cooling specialists can aid find the right a/c unit for your home's rate variety and also cooling needs. | eng | 3b7b236d-f628-40ec-8b24-124023ccd0c2 | https://easy-home-repair-tips.com/homeacrepairs/ |
Magpies
Fine art prints of the Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen) by Australian wildlife artist, Natalie Jane Parker. A variety of artworks featuring magpies on various mediums. | eng | d5bdcfc6-3329-4f9a-821b-e971c21325f5 | https://www.natalieparkerprints.com.au/magpies |
I usually use Code Block to add 3 buttons, or adjust CSS grid-column-start/grid-column-end of 3 buttons | eng | 101ac5af-ee85-4028-a683-c7fb4ec256a1 | https://forum.squarespace.com/topic/246050-text-splitting-onto-2-lines-when-in-windowed/ |
One of the universe's most iconic nebulas is changing — scientists don't know why
The Butterfly Nebula is changing, and astronomers are puzzled as to why these changes are occurring. Observations of this planetary nebula show dramatic changes in the butterfly's 'wings' in just 11 years.
"I've been comparing Hubble images for years, and I've never seen anything quite like it," said Bruce Balick, a professor emeritus of astronomy at the University of Washington.
What are nebulae?
Planetary nebulae form by an expanding shell of gas around an aging red giant star. Most are ring-shaped, but a few have wing-like shapes, like the Butterfly Nebula. Astronomers think the rare hourglass shapes are likely formed by the gravitational tug from a second star orbiting the nebula's parent star, causing the material to expand into a pair of wings. While the wings grow over time, the original shape usually does not change.
What's new — Balick and his former student Lars Borchert, now a graduate student at Aarhus University in Denmark, compared two exposures of the Butterfly Nebula taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2009 and 2020. They noticed dramatic changes in the material within the wings. The researchers said that powerful winds are driving complex alterations of material within the nebula's wings. But this shouldn't be happening, as the red giant star creating the wings should be a "sputtering, largely moribund star with no remaining fuel," the researchers said, reporting their findings at the 241st meeting of the American Astronomical Society this month in Seattle, Washington.
The team saw that material in the outer portions of the nebula is moving rapidly, at about 800 km per second (500 miles per second), while material closer to the hidden central star is expanding much more slowly, at about a tenth of that speed. Paths of the jets cross one another, forming "messy" structures and growth patterns within the wings.
Digging into the details — Balick said the quickly changing interior structure is not easy to explain using existing models of how planetary nebulae form and evolve. The star at the center of the nebula, which is hidden by dust and debris, could have merged with a companion star or drawn off material from a nearby star, creating complex magnetic fields and generating the jets.
"What this shows us is that we don't fully understand the full range of shaping processes at work when planetary nebulae form. The next step is to image the nebular center using the James Webb Space Telescope since infrared light from the star can penetrate through the dust."
In about 5 billion years, our own Sun will expand into a red giant and form a planetary nebula. This will expel carbon and other heavy elements into the interstellar medium to form star systems and planets in the even more distant future. This researcher said their findings — a sort of "time-lapse" analyses of planetary nebulae — can help illustrate not just how the materials for the star systems of tomorrow will take shape but also how the building blocks of our own oasis were produced and gathered billions of years ago.
"It's a creation story that is happening over and over again in our universe," said Balick. "The shaping processes provide key insight into the history and impacts of the stellar activity." | eng | 802cf10d-9197-40f4-b9a8-d5bc7d27e90f | https://www.sagesgroups.com/one-of-the-universes-most-iconic-nebulas-is-changing-scientists-dont-know-why/ |
Crap: A History of Cheap Stuff in America
Crap: A History of Cheap Stuff in America
History Hangout: Conversation with Wendy Woloson
Wendy A. Woloson is associate professor of history at Rutgers University – Camden. With a career as a museum curator, artist, and scholar of 19th-century history, her new book is called Crap: A History of Cheap Stuff in America.
In this book, Woloson takes seriously the history of objects that are easy to dismiss: things not made to last; things we don't really need; things we often don't even really want. Woloson does not mock these ordinary, everyday possessions but seeks to understand them as a way to understand ourselves, socially, culturally, and economically: Why do we—as individuals and as a culture—possess these things? Where do they come from? Why do we want them? And what is the true cost of owning them? Her story starts in the late eighteenth century and extends through today, exploring the many categories of crap: gadgets, knickknacks, novelty goods, mass-produced collectibles, giftware, variety store merchandise.
Taking on the full brilliant and depressing array of crappy material goods, the book explores the overlooked corners of the American market and mindset. By studying crap rather than finely made material objects, Woloson shows us a new way to truly understand ourselves, our national character, and our collective psyche | eng | 92168263-8e79-4f32-ad81-9c433a9a90a8 | https://www.hagley.org/research/history-hangout-2 |
Whenever some natural force acts upon a player, where it is likely to cause injury:
The DIFFERENCE between the INITIAL dice roll (which they got beaten by) is the level of INJURY*
This Difference must be beaten by an ENDURANCE ROLL
SUCCESS means they are unscathed
FAILURE means they are INJURED by that initial DIFFERENCE
It is cumulatively recorded as INJURY.
*The difference between the dice roll of the obstacle/force Vs the player's original defensive/evasive dice
For MINOR CHARACTERS – They attempt to beat the Difference with their ENDURANCE roll
If they SUCCEED, they are injured but still active, If they FAIL they die.
INJURY from FALLING
Falling inflicts 2 dice for the first 3 metres fallen. Then an extra die every 3 metres after that.
Extra dice can be added for such things as jagged rocks at the bottom etc
Whenever a weapon is used against a player, where it is likely to cause injury:
Each WEAPON has a number of Damage DICE it will roll based on the level of typical damage it causes
This Damage DICE Roll must be beaten by an ENDURANCE ROLL
SUCCESS means they are unscathed
FAILURE means they are INJURED by the DIFFERENCE between the Rolls
It is cumulatively recorded as INJURY.
For MINOR CHARACTERS – They attempt to beat the Damage Dice roll with their ENDURANCE roll
If they SUCCEED, they are injured but still active, If they FAIL they die.
As the level of Injury accumulates, it is monitored:<10: The level of Injury is minor, but may require first aid
10 – 20: The player is more seriously injured. All ATTRIBUTES at -1.
20 – 30: The player is severely injured. All ATTRIBUTES at a further – 2
30+ : The player is critically injured. All ATTRIBUTES at -1 for each point above 30.
Whenever any ATTRIBUTE reaches 0 – the player is dead.
The same can apply for any major characters in the story, not controlled by a player.
Note that fists and feet etc – don't count as weapons – their damage is caused in the same way as a natural injury. However, an exception can be made for trained fighters and martial artists. Although, 3 – 4 DICE would seem a typical level of damage, with 5 as a maximum for the most devastating blows (which might have a higher level of difficulty/lower level of skill to accomplish)
Injury Example:
Character A is walking on a treacherous mountain path when there is a rock fall above. One large rock in particular is hurtling their way.
It has a High degree of "accuracy" – it's heading straight for them (5 Dice). They attempt to Evade, a Skill they have at Very High level – 6 Dice.
However, it is judged that the narrowness of the path restricts their ability, so a 1 die penalty is imposed. The rock rolls 5 dice to get 20, the player only rolls 11.
The rock hits them, the damage is 9 – the difference in rolls. The player must now beat 9 with an Endurance roll to be unscathed. If they don't, the 9 is recorded as damage. They will have a minor injury.
Any subsequent Injuries will add points to this. It could also be ruled that a (penalised) Agility roll is also required to avoid being knocked off the path and falling.
If they are a minor NPC, failing to beat 9 with an Endurance Roll means they died. | eng | 30cc868f-3032-4e4b-b943-834ab7a0b4bf | http://chaosrpg.com/injury/ |
What Does It Feel Like To Quit Drinking?
After your first 12 to 24 hours sober, you may start to feel the early symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.These symptoms might include headaches, nausea, and sweating.Anxiety, sleeplessness, nausea, and stomach discomfort are some of the most often experienced symptoms.
You might be feeling more dehydrated than you typically would be since alcohol has a diuretic impact on the body.This could be contributing to how you're feeling.
Sweating, tremors, trouble sleeping, a fast heartbeat, nausea and vomiting, hallucinations, anxiety, restlessness, and potentially even seizures are some of the symptoms that can occur during withdrawal.
What are the symptoms of quitting drinking alcohol?
Feeling jumpy or uneasy is one of the psychological withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping drinking that can range from mild to considerable severity. Shakiness. Anxiety. Irritability is the tendency to become easily worked up. Rapid shifts in one's feelings. Depression.
What happens to your body when you stop drinking alcohol?
He goes on to say that anyone who has a physical addiction may require the support of a medical professional while quitting. When we drink alcohol, the blood vessels that are close to our skin can dilate, which can result in a flushed appearance or redness in our complexion. This effect is reversed when alcohol consumption is cut back or stopped altogether.
How long do alcohol withdrawal symptoms last?
Alterations in sleep habits, exhaustion, and mood fluctuations are just a few of the symptoms that can last for weeks or even months. If you quit drinking, it will probably take anywhere from five days to a week before you start to feel better. With the right kind of medical treatment, alcohol withdrawal symptoms can be significantly mitigated or even removed entirely.
What does withdrawal feel like?
The withdrawal symptoms are severe, as they typically are. I was having anxiety attacks, shaking, diarrhea, tingling in my hands and feet, vomiting, and the list goes on and on. I was terrified. My face feels so parched, and the area around my lips and nose is flushed with redness.
How long does it take to feel effects of not drinking?
24-hour window starting from the time you last drank When a someone stops drinking, withdrawal symptoms almost often start within the first twenty-four hours. They might begin as early as two hours after their previous drink, although this depends on the person and how frequently they drink alcohol.
Will I look better if I quit drinking?
If you let your skin get too dry, it will lose some of its elasticity. After only one night of heavy drinking, you may find that you look older and have more wrinkles as a result of the drinking. Consuming alcohol on a regular basis will magnify the impact. On the other hand, if you give up drinking, you will notice that you age much more quickly.
What alcohol does to your face?
According to Spizuoco, ″alcohol causes a dilation of the pores of the skin, which results in blackheads and whiteheads.″ If the condition is not adequately treated, it can progress to develop irritated skin papules (bumps that resemble lesions), as well as cystic acne. This causes premature aging of the skin and has the potential to leave permanent scars.
What can I drink instead of alcohol?
If you find yourself in a challenging circumstance or experiencing intense desires, consider one of the following alcohol-free beverage alternatives the next time you find yourself in that position. Tea, served either hot or cold
Will I lose weight if I stop drinking alcohol?
If you have a tendency to binge on alcohol on a semi-regular basis, cutting back on alcohol consumption may help you lose weight. Abstaining from alcohol results in a reduction in calorie intake in addition to an improvement in one's general health and well-being; these two benefits contribute to the achievement of a healthy body weight.
What is considered a heavy drinker?
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) defines excessive drinking as follows: Consuming more than four drinks on any one day or more than fourteen drinks in a week is considered excessive drinking for guys. Consuming more than three drinks on any one day or more than seven drinks in a week is considered risky behavior for women.
Does alcohol change your face?
Every time we have a drink, our body, particularly our skin, get more dehydrated as a result of the alcohol. Consuming alcohol can also result in our faces seeming swollen and puffy as a side effect.
What do alcoholic eyes look like?
Bloodshot eyes are a common sign of someone who drinks to excess on a regular basis and is one of the physical manifestations of excessive drinking. Abuse of alcohol causes the microscopic blood vessels in the eye to enlarge, which in turn makes them appear larger and gives the eyeball a reddened appearance. This is the cause of the change in appearance.
Does alcohol age your face?
Does Drinking Alcohol Cause Wrinkles? Your skin can lose moisture and elasticity as a result of dehydration, which can cause it to droop, become dry, and develop wrinkles. In other words, drinking alcohol might make you seem older than you really are. In addition, the more years you have under your belt, the higher the risk that you may become dehydrated.
Does drinking affect your looks?
Consuming alcohol results in a loss of fluid from both the body and the skin (dehydrate). Wrinkles form more quickly in dry skin, which can also seem lifeless and ashy. The diuretic action of alcohol, which leads you to lose water, also causes you to lose vitamins and minerals.
What does alcohol do to the eyes?
In terms of the eyes, alcohol reduces the strength of the eye muscles and has the potential to cause irreversible damage to the optic nerves. This prevents the eyes and the brain from communicating with one another. When information travels more slowly between the eye and the brain, it is possible for the patient to experience double vision as well as other visual distortions.
How long does it take to get rid of alcohol belly?
Depending on the underlying reason and the degree of severity, it may take anywhere from a few days to a few months for the bloating to begin to show signs of improvement. In the following paragraphs, we will discuss how drinking alcohol can make the stomach seem distended and bloated. We also investigate how long the bloating caused by alcohol stays with a person and how to get rid of it. | eng | 14f6074c-1ded-40c9-a316-7c2fb98a23d8 | https://considercommonsense.com/feel-like/what-does-it-feel-like-to-quit-drinking.html |
Catalogue record
When the floods come, truth rises to the surface. It's 2052, a time when enormous floods can devastate the land at any moment. Jade lives in the Wetlands, a place that will be devastated by the floods. Safety can be found behind the walls of North-Hampton, but it's a town steeped in prejudice against Wetlanders. | eng | e9d15d64-7204-453a-b830-f56b2b83a9c0 | https://arena.westsussex.gov.uk/results?p_p_id=crDetailWicket_WAR_arenaportlet&p_p_lifecycle=1&p_p_state=normal&p_r_p_arena_urn%3Aarena_search_item_id=1912979756 |
Category: Today in HistoryMost of us experience the ocean as a day at the beach, a boat ride, or a moment spent on one end of a fishing line.
The global ocean divided into five major basins: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic. Covering 70 percent and more of the planet and taken together, the oceans contain 97% of all the water on planet earth.
And yet the exploration of all that water has never added up to more than 20 percent.
For most dive organizations, the recommended maximum for novice divers is 20 meters (65 feet). A weird form of intoxication sets in called nitrogen narcosis, around 30 meters (98 feet). Divers have been known to remove their own mouthpiece and offer it to fish, with tragic if not predictable results. Dives beyond 130 feet enter the world of "technical" diving involving specialized training, sophisticated gas mixtures and extended decompression timetables. The oxygen we rely on for life literally becomes toxic, around 190 feet.
On September 17, 1947, French Navy diver Maurice Fargues attempted a new depth record, off the coast of Toulon. Descending down a weighted line, Fargues signed his name on slates placed at ten meter intervals. At the three minute mark, the line showed no sign of movement. The diver was ordered pulled up. Maurice Fargues, a diver so accomplished he had literally saved the life of Jacques Cousteau only a year earlier, was the first diver to die using an aqualung. His final signature on the last tablet, at 390 feet.
The man had barely scratched the surface.
Maurice Fargues prepares for what would prove to be, his final dive
For oceanographers, all that water is divided into slices. The top or epiplagic Zone descends from 50 to 656 feet, depending on clarity of the water. Here, phytoplankton convert sunlight to energy forming the first step in a food chain, supporting some 90 percent of all life in the oceans. 95 percent of all photosynthesis in the oceans occur in the epiplagic or photic zone.
The mesopelagic or "twilight zone" receives a scant 1% of all sunlight. Temperatures descend as salinity increases while the weight of all that water above, increases. Beyond that, lies the abyss.
Far below that the earth's mantle is quite elastic, broken into seven or eight major pieces and several minor bits called Tectonic Plates. Over millions of years these plates move apart along constructive boundaries, where oceanic plates form mid-oceanic ridges. The longest mountain range in the world as an example, runs roughly down the center of the Atlantic ocean.
The Atlantic basin features deep trenches as well, sites of tectonic fracture and divergence. Far deeper than those are the Pacific subduction zones where forces equal and opposite to those forming the mid-Atlantic ridge, collide. One plate moves under another and down into the mantle forming deep oceanic ridges, the deepest of which is the Mariana Trench, near Guam. The average depth is 36,037, ± 82 feet, dropping off to a maximum depth of 35,856 feet to a small valley at the south end of the trench, called Challenger Deep.The air around us is a liquid with a 'weight' or barometric pressure at sea level, of 14.696 pounds per square inch. It's pressing down on you right now but you don't feel it, because your internal fluid pressures, push back. A column of salt water exerts the same pressure at 10 meters, or 33 feet.
To consider the crushing weight of all that water, consider this. The bite force of an American Grizzly is 1,200 psi. The Nile Crocodile, 5,000. The pressure in Challenger Deep is equal to 1,150 atmospheres. Over 16,000 pounds per square inch.
The problems with reaching such a depth are enormous. WW2 era German submarines collapsed between 660 and 900 feet, with the loss of all hands. The modern American Sea Wolf class of nuclear submarine is said to have a crush depth, of 2,400 feet.
In the early 1930s, Swiss physicist, inventor and explorer Auguste Piccard experimented with high altitude balloons to explore the upper atmosphere.
The result was a spherical, pressurized aluminum gondola capable of ascending to great heights, without the use of a pressure suit.
Within a few years the man's interests had shifted, to deep water exploration.
Knowing that air and water are both fluid environments, Piccard modified his high altitude cockpit into a steel gondola, for deep sea exploration. By 1937 he'd built his first bathyscaphe.
"A huge yellow balloon soared skyward, a few weeks ago, from Augsberg, Germany. Instead of a basket, it trailed an air-thin black-and-silver aluminum ball. Within [the contraption] Prof. Auguste Piccard, physicist, and Charles Kipfer aimed to explore the air 50,000 feet up. Seventeen hours later, after being given up for dead, they returned safely from an estimated height of more than 52,000 feet, almost ten miles, shattering every aircraft altitude record." – Popular Science, August, 1931
Piccard's work was interrupted by World War 2 but resumed, in 1945. He built a large steel tank and filled it with low-density non-compressible fluid, to maintain buoyancy. Gasoline, it turned out, would do nicely. Underneath was the capsule designed to accommodate one person at sea-level pressure while outside, PSI mounted into the thousands of atmospheres.
Auguste Piccard
The craft, with modifications from the French Navy, achieved depths of 13,701 feet. In 1952, Piccard was invited to Trieste Italy, to begin work on an improved bathyscaphe. In 1953, Auguste and and his son Jacques brought the Trieste to 10,335 feet.
Designed to be free of tethers, Trieste was fitted with two electric motors of 2 HP each, capable of propelling the craft at a speed of 1.2mph over a few miles, and changing direction. After several years in the Mediterranean, the US Navy acquired Trieste in 1958. Project Nekton was proposed the same year, code name for a gondola upgrade involving three test dives and culminating in a descent to the greatest depth of the world's oceans. The Challenger Deep.
Trieste received a larger gasoline float and bigger tubs with more iron ballast. With help from the Krupp Iron Works of Germany, she was fitted with a stronger sphere with five inches of solid steel and weighing in at 5 tons.
Piccard and Walsh aboard Trieste, January 23, 1960
The cockpit was accessible, only by an upper hallway which was then filled with gasoline. The only way to exit was to pump out the gas and blow out the rest, with compressed air. On this day in 1960, US submarine commander Lieutenant Don Walsh joined Jacques Piccard in that hallway, climbing into the sphere and closing the hatch. The dive began at 0823.
The bathyscaphe Trieste, on the surface
Trieste stopped her descent several times, each one a new thermocline bringing with it a colder layer of water and neutral buoyancy, for the submersible. Walsh and Piccard discussed the problem and elected to gamble, ejecting some of that buoyant gasoline. By 650 feet those problems had come to an end.
By 1,500 feet, the darkness was complete. The pair decided to change their clothes, wet with spray from a stormy beginning. With a cockpit temperature of 40° Fahrenheit, it was a welcome change.
Looking out the plexiglass window, the depths between 2,200 feet and 20,000 seemed extraordinarily empty. At 14,000 feet the pair was now in uncharted territory. No one had ever been this deep. At 26,000 feet, descent was slowed to two feet per second. At 30,000 feet, one.
At 1256 Walsh and Piccard could see the bottom, on the viewfinder. 300 feet to go. Not knowing if the phone would work at this depth, Walsh picked up. "This is Trieste on the bottom, Challenger Deep. Six three zero zero fathoms. Over." The response came back weak, but clear. "Everything O.K. Six three zero zero fathoms?" Walsh responded "This is Charley" (seaman-speak, for 'OK'. "We will surface at 1700 hours".
The feat was akin to the first flight into space. No human had ever reached such depths. Since then only five later expeditions have reached that remote and desolate spot. While unmanned submersibles have since visited Challenger Deep, Piccard and Walsh' descent of January 23, 1960 was the first and last manned voyage, to the bottom of the world.
Computerized rendering shows Trieste at the bottom, January 23, 1960 H/T National Geographic
"After the 1960 expedition the Trieste was taken by the US Navy and used off the coast of San Diego, California for research purposes. In April 1963 it was taken to New London Connecticut to assist in finding the lost submarine USS Thresher. In August 1963 it found the Threshers remains 1,400 fathoms (2,560 meters) below the surface. Soon after this mission was completed the Trieste was retired and some of its components were used in building the new Trieste II. Trieste is now on display at the National Museum of the United States Navy at the Washington Navy Yard".
"In the summer of 1897, 25th President of the United States William McKinley, had barely moved into the White House. The nation's first subway opened in the city of Boston while, in Seattle, the Klondike gold rush was just getting underway. Thomas Edison received the patent for an early projector called a Kinetoscope. Mark Twain penned a rebuttal as only Mark Twain could to his own obituary in the pages of the New York Journal: "The report of my death was an exaggeration."
Then one day there came the Dread Question asked by eight-year-olds the world over, and answered by fathers since the dawn of time: "Go ask your mother".
Just kidding. Not that one – the Other dread question. The Santa Claus question.
History fails to record the conversation nor the exact time, or place. Possibly, that little girl went for a walk with her father, on the streets of Manhattan's upper west side. Maybe it was over dinner or perhaps tucked into bed after a goodnight story and a kiss on the forehead.
"Papa, is there a Santa Claus? My little friends say he isn't real".
He was coroner's assistant, Dr. Philip O'Hanlon. She was his daughter, 8-year-old Laura Virginia O'Hanlon.
Dr. O'Hanlon neither sent his little girl to ask her mother, nor did he try to answer himself. He suggested she write to the New York Sun newspaper. "If you see it in The Sun", he said, "it's so."
So it is a little girl's note made its way across the city to the New York Sun, to the desk of Edward Page Mitchell. The hard core science fiction buff will remember Mitchell for tales about time travel, invisibility and man-computing-machine cyborgs long before the likes of H.G. Wells ever thought about such things but on this day, the editor and sometimes author had a job to do.
Mitchell believed the letter was worthy of reply. He brought the assignment to copy writer Francis "Frank" Pharcellus Church.
It was an unlikely choice.
Church was not the dilettante, partisan idler who'd style himself today, as "journalist". This was a hard-bitten News Man of the old school, a cynic, street reporter, atheist and former Civil War correspondent who'd seen it all and didn't believe the half of it.
Picture Perry White, the irascible editor-in-chief of the fictional Daily Planet newspaper in the old Superman series, and you've got a pretty good picture of Frank Church. You can almost hear the walrus-mustachioed old curmudgeon grumbling across the ages as he returned to his desk, a little girl's note in his hand.
"Why me"?
The old grouch didn't even want his name associated with the reply.
The New York Sun published Church's response on September 21, 1897.
"Dear Editor, I am 8 years old. Some of my little friends say there is no Santa Claus. Papa says, "If you see it in The Sun, it's so." Please tell me the truth, is there a Santa Claus? Virginia O'Hanlon 115 W. 95th St. truth and knowledge. YouFrank Church's friends, family and colleagues scarcely knew the man had it in him. You can almost imagine the excitement of a little girl, scouring the pages of The Sun for two months to find nothing and then…THAT. Through the rest of that Christmas season of 1897 and on for the rest of her life, Virginia O'Hanlon would never forget that reply.
Frank Church's letter went on to become the most widely reprinted editorial in the history of the English language albeit anonymously until the year he died, in 1906. According to New York Sun internal policies, that's when Church was finally revealed as responding editor and author of that timeless response.
Virginia went on to marry one Edward Douglas in 1910, a man who stuck around just long enough to abandon her with the couple's first child, as yet unborn. Not exactly a credit to his sex, that one.
Perhaps the childlike sense of delight in that newspaper column is what helped the young mother through her darkest hours. Laura Virginia O'Hanlon Douglas went on to devote her life's work to children. Following Bachelor's, Masters and Doctorate degrees at Hunter, Columbia and Fordham University, O'Hanlon went on to become a lifelong teacher, assistant principal and finally principal.
Virginia's childhood home is now The Studio School offering an academic scholarship, named after Virginia O'Hanlon.
In 1932, The Sun's response was adapted to a cantata, the only known newspaper editorial ever set to classical music. The 1989 film Prancer contained a fictional editorial entitled "Yes, Santa, there is a Virginia". Every year at Christmas, Virginia's letter and Frank's response are read aloud at a Yule log ceremony at Church's alma mater, Columbia College.
In a 1960 appearance on the Perry Como Show, Virginia told the host her letter has been "answered for me thousands of times."
Laura Virginia O'Hanlon Douglas kept the name of her long-since absconded husband for the rest of her life, according to the custom of the day. She passed away on May 13, 1971, at the age of 81.
Throughout her long life she received a steady stream of mail about her letter and never failed to pen a personal reply, including a copy of Church's column. Virginia grew sickly toward the end of her life but, throughout countless interviews over the course of her 81 years she'd always credit the Sun's editorial with changing her life. For the better.
Perhaps it was the Christmas Spirit or whatever you'd like to call it, that most of us have learned to experience but one time a year. For Virginia O'Hanlon that sense of warmth, of generosity and kindness to be found at the bottom of all human hearts, never really went away.
So, let the cynics and the curmudgeons come to understand on this Christmas day and beyond. Yes, Virginia, there really is a Santa Claus.Since 1775, a military chaplain is an officer who ministers to the spiritual needs of uniformed personnel and their families, and also civilians, working for the military. At first exclusively Christian, chaplains have long since come to represent every faith and denomination while honoring the rights of others, to their own faith traditions.
The first female military chaplain was officially commissioned, in 1973. During World War 2 theirs was a world exclusive to men.
Chaplains are found everywhere there are armed services, up to and including front lines. During the war in Korea, Father Emil Kapaun was captured by Chinese communists while performing last rights, for a dying soldier. This Shepherd in Combat Boots literally spent himself in service to his fellow POWs and died in a North Korean prison camp. In 2013 President Barack Obama awarded Fr. Kapaun the Medal of honor for his life saving ministrations, near Pyoktong.
This stained glass window at the Pentagon remembers the Four Chaplains drowned with the sinking of the USS Dorchester, in 1943.
Many chaplains have been decorated for bravery. In the United Kingdom, five chaplains have received the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest decoration for gallantry in the line of duty. Nine have received the US' Medal of Honor.
The Chaplain's Medal for Heroism was specifically created to recognize the service of military chaplains, killed in the line of duty. To date this special decoration has been awarded only once, to the famous Four Chaplains who gave away their own life jackets, knowing they were about to be drowned.
During World War 2, US Army and Marine Corps chaplains experienced the third highest loss ratio of the war behind infantry, and Army Air Corps.
Sunday, December 7, 1941 dawned bright and clear on the Pacific naval anchorage in Pearl Harbor. Father Aloysius Schmitt was just beginning mass on board USS Oklahoma when the first of nine Japanese torpedoes, slammed home. The attack caused immediate flooding in multiple compartments as Oklahoma began her slow roll, to capsize. Below decks, Fr. Schmitt desperately helped push one sailor after another out of a small porthole, even as the compartment filled with water. 429 crewmen lost their lives on board Oklahoma that morning including Fr. Schmitt, drowned in the desperate act of saving others.
Celebrating mass on Iwo Jima, 1945
The Empire of Japan was all but unstoppable during the early months of WW2. The first major allied offensive began on August 7, 1942, with the objective of taking the Pacific islands of Guadalcanal, Tulagi, and Florida. Some 60,000 men would participate in the 6-month offensive, primarily United States Marines.
Near constant counter-attacks and artillery bombardments joined with tropical disease to make life on this mosquito infested jungle island…a living hell. Fully two-thirds of casualties in those early months resulted from malaria, and other tropical disease. All the while, Marines were forced to subsist on captured food rations of worm and maggot infested rice so paltry that even these already-thin children of the depression lost some 40-odd pounds…per man.
The national museum of WW2 museum website describes one such bombardment over the night of October 14:
"At 0133 hours, the battlewagons opened fire and for the next 83 minutes hurled 970 heavy naval shells at Henderson Field and the surrounding area. Two-ton shells as large as a Volkswagen Beetle smashed into the Marine positions, shaking everything from dental fillings to the emotions of the men themselves. The explosions sucked air from lungs and the concussion blew over trees and collapsed coconut log dugouts with ease. Men were buried alive in what they thought were safe shelters. While physical casualties were light as a result of the battleship shelling, mental casualties were high. Men emerged from their dugouts shaking violently, eyes wide, ears bleeding, unable to hear anything or see straight. Blast concussion rendered many men helpless and disoriented for hours and even days after an attack. Veterans of the Tenaru River and Bloody Ridge battles—who had stared death directly in the face—all recalled the night of October 14 to be the most frightening night of the entire campaign".
Ordained as a priest on May 22, 1930, Father Frederic Gehring spent 1933 to 1939 laboring on missions to China enduring bandits, Chinese communists and Japanese occupation. One time under aerial strafing in 1938, Fr. Gehring ran out waving a large American flag to show Japanese fighter pilots this was a mission, of the then-neutral United States. Father Gehring was pleased when the pilots did in fact fly away. Until someone at the mission informed him. It was probably because they had run out of bullets.
The United States declared war on the Empire of Japan the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. The following day Father Frederic enlisted as Navy chaplain. In September 1942 he joined the 1st Marine Division, the "Old Breed", on Guadalcanal.
"Before Guadalcanal the enemy advanced at his pleasure. After Guadalcanal, he retreated at ours".
Admiral William "Bull" HalseyThat's Father Gehring with his hat on, next to Barney Ross. The names of the parrots if any, have been lost to history.
Gehring routinely held masses so close to the fighting, Marines came to believe he would hold a mass in hell. So long as he could get his jeep there.
The Padre's work wasn't just on the lines where men were injured and dying but sometimes, behind enemy lines. With the help of Solomon Island natives, Fr. Gehring went deeply into enemy held territory no fewer than three times to rescue trapped missionaries on the island, mostly Marist priests and Sisters. By the time he was done 28 had been extracted, from Japanese occupied territory.
For this feat Father Gehring received the Legion of Merit from the President of the United States, the first Navy chaplain so decorated.
One day, islanders found a young Chinese girl at the bottom of a ditch. Only five or six years old and sick with malaria she'd been beaten and bayonetted by Japanese soldiers, and left for dead. The imprint of a rifle butt was clearly visible on her smashed skull. The examining physician said she wouldn't make it through the night and yet, she did.
How a little girl apparently orphaned wound up that far from home, is a tale unto itself. As is the way an old China hand named Frederic Gehring nursed her to health in an active combat zone, along with the help of battle hardened Marines.
If such a feat was a small miracle, Christmas mass that year on Guadalcanal was not, though there may have been a wee bit of chuckling, divine intervention. With his first tent blown to bits by enemy artillery, some 700 Marines gathered at the new chapel tent on December 24, for Christmas mass.
In a world of hard men Barney Ross stood out, as a man not to be trifled with. An Orthodox Jewish kid from the streets of Chicago, Ross was a professional prize fighter, and three time champion. It was inevitable that the boxer and the priest from Brooklyn, would hit it off. they were two peas in a pod. Earlier that month, Ross and a group of Marines found themselves surrounded. The only man not wounded, Ross kept up a hail of gunfire and grenades keeping an unknown number of Japanese at bay. All…night…long. By morning, the only other man left alive was a single wounded Marine. Ross tossed the man on his back and carried him back to base.
So back to that Christmas mass…Ross had ambled up to the Padre and asked "who plays", pointing to a small pump organ. Gehring was himself an accomplished violinist, but the answer was…no one knew how to play that thing.
Except…for Barney Ross.
So it is a Jewish kid from Chicago joined in on Catholic mass that night, learning the Christian canon by ear as 700 marines, hummed along. He ended the concert with a rousing rendition of "My Yiddishe Mama" in Yiddish no less, and there wasn't a dry eye in the place.
Columnist Jimmy Breslin recalled: "There was a Jewish kid playing an organ and singing in Yiddish about his mama and a Catholic priest standing next to him with a violin trying to help it sound nice, and all around there were guys who came from every religion and some of them didn't even have one, but they were all crying and thinking about the same thing."
Many years later, Gehring typed up a paragraph reflecting on the war and that Christmas, in Guadalcanal. For years he would insert the piece in his Christmas cards of which he sent and received, many: "Our heroes, who gave their lives for their country and now lay beneath the white crosses that mark their final place, do not see the dark clouds of war hovering overhead in various parts of the world. The peace they fought and died for seems but temporary."
In time that little Chinese girl who wasn't supposed to make it through the night…did. Fr. Gehring called her Patsy Lee. In 1950, he brought her home to the US. Ms. Lee went to school and became a nurse. She met a man, and they married. Later on, Gehring even helped her find her own mother. Gehring himself tells the story of that little girl if you want to learn more in his 1962 memoir, "Child of Miracles".
Fr. Frederic Gehring died in 1998, at the age of 95. Let his New York Times obituary, have the last word on this man of faith: "At Father Gehring's funeral on Thursday at St. Vincent's Seminary in Philadelphia, where he was ordained in 1930, she was there as was a Marine honor guard, reminders of a time when Guadalcanal was a name to reckon with and a little girl was a miracle of war".
§§§§§
Chaplain deaths while on active duty (hat tip Wikipedia) Death during service (combat and non-combat): American things"You follow the rules of war for you – not for your enemy. You fight by rules to keep your humanity".
At the age of 26, Franz Stigler was an Ace. For the Luftwaffe pilot of a Messerschmitt Bf-109 fighter, some of his kills had been revenge. Payback for the death of his brother August, earlier in the war. But Stigler was no Nazi. This was a German Patriot with 22 confirmed kills.
On December 20, 1943, the fighter pilot needed one more for a Knight's Cross. He tossed his cigarette aside and climbed into his fighter as the crippled American B17 bomber lumbered overhead. This was going to be an easy kill.
Up above, 21-year-old Charles Brown was at the throttle of that B17, an aircraft dubbed "Ye Olde Pub". The earlier attack on the munitions factory in Bremen was a success, but the pilot and crew paid a heavy price for it. Their airplane had been savaged by no fewer than 15 German fighters. Great parts of the air frame were torn away, one wing severely damaged and part of the tail ripped off. The aircraft's Plexiglas nose was shattered and the #2 engine seized. Six of the ten-man crew were wounded. The tail gunner was dead, his frozen blood forming icicles over silent machine guns. Brown himself had been knocked out at one point, coming around just in time to avert a fatal dive.
The aircraft was completely alone and struggling to maintain altitude, the American pilot well inside German air space when he looked to his left and saw his worst nightmare. Three feet from his wing tip was the sleek gray shape of a German fighter, the pilot so close that the two men could look into each other's eyes.
Brown's co-pilot, Spencer "Pinky" Luke said "My God, this is a nightmare." "He's going to destroy us," came the reply. This had been Brown's first mission. He was sure it was about to be his last.
Before his first mission, Stigler's commanding officer, Lt. Gustav Roedel, had said "Honor is everything here. If I ever see or hear of you shooting at a man in a parachute, I will shoot you down myself". Stigler must have remembered those words as he watched the wounded, terrified US airmen inside the B17, some still helping one another with their injuries. "You follow the rules of war for you – not for your enemy, Roedel had said. "You fight by rules to keep your humanity".
Tail Gunner, Ye Olde Pub
The German had to do something. The Nazis would surely shoot him for treason if he was seen this close without completing the kill. One of the American crew was making his way to a gun turret as the German made his decision. Stigler saluted his adversary, motioned with his hand for the stricken B17 to continue, and then peeled away.
Ye Olde Pub made it, crossing 250 miles of the frozen North Sea before final landing in Norfolk.
More than 40 years later, the German pilot was living in Vancouver, Canada. Brown took out an ad in a fighter pilots' newsletter.
It said that he was searching for the man 'who saved my life on Dec. 20, 1943.' Stigler saw the ad and the two men met once again in 1987. "It was like meeting a family member", Brown said at that first meeting, "like a brother you haven't seen for 40 years".
The two became close friends and occasional fishing buddies. Each man passed on in 2008, about six months apart. Stigler was 92, Brown, 87.
Their story is told in a book called "A Higher Call", if you want to know more about it. In their obituaries, each was mentioned as the other man's "special brother".
The 29-year-old Charles Dickens was already a well-known and popular author when he stepped onto the shores of Boston Harbor on January 22, 1842
It's hard not to love the traditions of the Christmas season. Getting together with loved ones, good food, the exchange of gifts and our favorite Christmas specials, on TV. I always liked a Charlie Brown's Christmas. And of course there's the Charles Dickens classic, "A Christmas Carol", set against the vast brick factory buildings of Lowell, Massachusetts, along the Merrimack River.
Wait … What?
"I sincerely believe that the public institutions and charities of this capital of Massachusetts are as nearly perfect as the most considerate wisdom, benevolence, and humanity, can make them."
Charles Dickens
The 29-year-old Charles Dickens was a well-known and popular author when he stepped onto the shores of Boston Harbor on January 22, 1842.
"The Pickwick Papers," "Oliver Twist," "Nicholas Nickleby"; all were behind the young author when he came to America, perhaps to write a travelogue, or maybe looking for material for a new novel.
Dickens traveled to Watertown, to the Perkins School for the Blind, where Helen Keller and her teacher Anne Sullivan underwent a unique, mutual education, a half-century later. He also visited a school for neglected boys, in Boylston. He must have thought the charitable institutions in his native England suffered by comparison since he later wrote, "I sincerely believe that the public institutions and charities of this capital of Massachusetts are as nearly perfect as the most considerate wisdom, benevolence, and humanity, can make them."
That February, the author took a train north to the factory town of Lowell, visiting the textile mills and speaking with the "mill girls", the women who worked in those plants. Once again, Dickens seemed to believe that his native England suffered in the comparison. He spoke of the new buildings and the well dressed, healthy young women who worked there, no doubt comparing them with the degraded conditions then plaguing the teeming slums and of London.
When he left he brought with him a copy of "The Lowell Offering", a literary magazine written by those same mill girls. He later described the volume as "four hundred good solid pages, which I have read from beginning to end."
Over a century and a half later, Natalie McKnight, professor of English and dean at Boston University, read those same 400 pages Dickens read. She couldn't help but notice similarities between the work of the mill girls and "A Christmas Carol," published about a year and a half following Dickens' visit. Chelsea Bray was a senior English major at the time. Professor McKnight asked her to read the same pages.
The research following research was published in the form of a thesis, later fleshed out to a full-length book:
"DICKENS AND MASSACHUSETTS THE LASTING LEGACY OF THE COMMONWEALTH VISITS HOW MASSACHUSETTS SHAPED DICKENS'S VIEW OF AMERICA" EDITED BY DIANA C. ARCHIBALD AND JOEL J. BRATTIN PUBLISHED MAY 1, 2015.
The book describes a number of similarities between the two works, making the argument that Dickens familiar story draws much from his experience in Lowell.
Charles Dickens' masterpiece, A Christmas Carol, was published for the first time 173 years ago on this day, December 19, 1843.
Henry was astounded to see the volume of personal mail, particularly around the Christmas season. But there was a problem. Failure to reply to a handwritten letter was considered impolite, but this was more than he could handle.
With Christmas fast approaching, families all over are decorating trees, hanging lights and wrapping gifts. Short days from now children will scan the skies for a glimpse of Santa and his sleigh full of toys.
Americans alone are expected to mail some 1.6 Billion Christmas cards this year, but cards weren't always so popular. There was a time in fact, when there were none at all. So let's grab a hot chocolate & go back for a little fun history. To 1843 and the guy responsible, for the first Christmas card.
In 1812 England, mailing a letter was complicated. One sheet of paper mailed from London to Edinburgh cost 1 shilling, 1 penny. Two pages were twice that and so on. Simple you say and fair enough, but that was pricey. Adding to the complication, postage changed based on distance traveled. Not only that but the cost might be paid by the sender, or the recipient. People would write two sets of letters on one sheet to save money, two or more "crossed letters" written perpendicularly, to save money. Something had to change.
Discussions of a uniform postage based on weight began as early as 1837. Sir Rowland Hill argued in favor of a one penny rate, asserting that vastly higher mail volume resulting would more than offset offset any reduction in revenues.
With the ultimate goal of a single penny's postage per half-ounce letter, the first change occurred on December 5, 1839. Postage could be paid by sender or recipient without penalty, at a standardized rate of four pennies. Letters were hand stamped (usually) in black if paid by the sender, or red if paid by the recipient. The age of the four penny post, had come.
The new system proved overwhelmingly popular. The penny post came to be on January 10, 1840.
The first adhesive postage stamp in history came to be on May 1. The envy of philatelists from that day to this day, the "Penny Black" featured the profile of Queen Victoria and cost 240 pence per sheet of 240, a shilling per row and – you guessed it – a penny apiece.
Fun fact: the image used was one of Queen Victoria, at age 15. The stamp remained in use throughout the Victorian age, Britain's longest reigning monarch save only, for Queen Elizabeth II.
Rowland hill had argued that, if mailing a letter was cheaper, then more people would do it. He was right. So it is the one-time home of Sir Rowland Hill, K.C.B bears a Blue plaque, in recognition.
Sir Henry Cole now comes into this story, as the man who founded the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, and a man instrumental in assisting Rowland Hill's efforts to reform the British postal system.
Sir Henry was astounded to see the volume of personal mail, particularly around the Christmas season. But there was a problem. Failure to reply to a handwritten letter was considered impolite, but this was more than he could handle.
Cole had an idea. An easily reproduced Christmas message, one that could be easily personalized. He asked artist friend John Callcott Horsley to come up with an idea.
Horsley came back with a triptych (a three panel illustration). The center panel depicted three generations of the Cole family in Christmas celebration. The side two showed charitable acts on behalf of the poor, one dispensing food and the other, clothing. The banner beneath it all read "Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to you".
Today, news aggregator Globalnewswire.com forecasts global greeting card sales to reach $13.4 Billion US with the Christmas segment accounting for a third. All of it started on this day in 1843 when Henry Cole, founder of London's V&A Museum, commissioned printing of the 1st Christmas card. Union Regular
85 submariner in history, to receive the Medal of Honor. | eng | 717f5cba-c9d6-4a32-9a09-9d9a3b345ba8 | https://todayinhistory.blog/category/today-in-history/ |
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Australia python
Are there any pythons in Australia?
These beautiful little pythons are most commonly found in Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia, but they also live in the northern parts of New South Wales and South Australia.
Do Australian pythons bite?
Pythons are shy and non-venomous, although it's best to keep your distance as their curved backward facing teeth do give a painful bite.
How big do pythons get in Australia?
The scrub python is found throughout the tropical rainforests of far north Queensland, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. They are the largest snake species to call Australia home. They can reach up to eight metres long and weigh in excess of 25 kilograms!
Are pythons protected in Australia?
Snakes are protected under the Nature Conservation Act 1992. It is an offence to kill, injure or take snakes from the wild.15 . 2016 . alpha snakes of Africa and Australia.20 . 2020 .
How many types of pythons are there in Australia?
Pythons are a mostly tropical group of non-venomous snakes with 13 (of the worlds 25) species found in Australia. Pythons are often classified in the same family with Boas, because of their large size and ability to kill and consume large mammals (there are exceptions like Pygmy Python that is only 60cm long).
Are there pythons in Australia?Are pythons native to Australia?
Carpet pythons are native to Australia and New Guinea and are a medium-sized python.
What is the most dangerous snake in Australia?
The deadliest snakes in Australia include the southern death adder, the lowlands copperhead, the inland fierce taipan, the gwardar, and the coastal eastern taipan. | eng | b51af353-eabb-4a84-9458-63e0c91ba0c0 | https://comicanimals.com/article/australia-python |
horn loudspeaker
horn loudspeaker
The ip horn speaker is also called horn loudspeaker. It is a very commonly used electro-acoustic transducer, which can be seen in sound-producing electronic and electrical equipment.
The ip horn speaker consists of permanent magnets, coils, and cones. After the electrification coil is energized to generate magnetism, it interacts with the permanent magnet. When the current flows, the two attract each other, and the electrified coil drives the paper cone to move to the left; when the current direction changes, the coil drives the paper cone to move to the right; the magnitude of the current affects the paper cone. The amplitude of the pot vibration, so the ip horn speaker makes a sound that changes with the current. The ip horn speaker can be used in radios, televisions, and speakers.
Types of ip horn speakers:
1. Paper cone ip horn speaker
Paper cone ip horn speaker is also known as moving coil speaker. It consists of three parts: ① Vibration system, including cone cone, voice coil and centering support; ② Magnetic circuit system, including permanent magnet, magnetic guide plate and field core; ③ Auxiliary system, including basin frame, terminal block, crimping and dust cover, etc. When the voice coil in the magnetic field has an audio current passing through it, a magnetic field that changes with the audio current is generated. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causing the voice coil to vibrate along the axial direction. Due to the simple structure of the speaker and the rich bass , Soft sound quality, wide frequency band, but low efficiency.
2. Horn-type ip horn speaker
The structure of the horn-type ip horn speaker consists of a vibration system (tweeter head) and a horn. The vibration system is similar to the paper cone speaker, the difference is that its diaphragm is not a paper cone, but a dome-shaped diaphragm. The vibration of the diaphragm radiates sound waves into the air through the horn (after two reflections). It has high frequency and large volume, and is often used in outdoor and square sound reinforcement | eng | cb50a7df-765d-4c1d-b9f2-91e9a7e63625 | https://www.obtsys.com/news/338.html |
Cardiovascular diseases affect everyone, but not equally
For the last ten years, Amsterdam UMC's has studied more than 25,000 residents of Amsterdam in order to discover the genetic differences in various illnesses. High blood pressure is one of the health problems that leads to cardiovascular illnesses.
"Cardiovascular disease is one of the largest contributors to premature death worldwide and if we look at high blood pressure then we see massive differences between different ethnic groups," says Bert-Jan van den Born, Professor of Ethnic Differences in Cardiovascular Disease at Amsterdam UMC and researcher with the HELIUS Study.
In the Netherlands, African Surinamese and Ghanaian men have a 2-3 times higher risk of hypertension, whereas hypertension in African women is 5 to 10 times more common compared to those of Dutch origin. Indeed, all ethnicities, except Moroccan men, have a greater prevalence of hypertension than the Dutch population.
This can be partially explained by a combination of factors. "There are environmental factors at play here but there is also the factor of DNA. Some diseases are simply more prevalent in certain populations," adds van den Born. The role of DNA and its interplay with a person's environment is something that the HELIUS study is currently researching and a priority for the coming years.
Ground to be Made
Nevertheless, for van den Born, it's important to look at where differences can be made. A 2016 study from Amsterdam UMC looked at blood pressure awareness, treatment and control. They study found that while awareness and treatment rates were similar between the Dutch population and all other ethnic groups, control rates were lower in all ethnic minorities. In van den Born's eyes, there is "a lot of ground to be made here."
Charles Agyemang, Professor of Global Migration, Ethnicity and Health at Amsterdam UMC and one of van den Born's co-authors of the 2016 article, believes that the disparity between groups can be closed by improving trust in the migrant community and also by changing guidelines to "give everyone an equal opportunity to be healthy."
Agyemang is also involved in the HELIUS study and also examines cardiovascular health in a parallel cohort in Ghana. HELIUS has already succeeded in changing the national guidelines concerning another disease that is closely linked to cardiovascular disease: diabetes.
Changing Guidelines
"These groups, particularly, those from a Hindustani background, have a lot more diabetes than the Dutch population," says van den Born. In all ethnic groups, diabetes is three to six times more prevalent than among the ethnic Dutch population, and often present at a much younger age.
This research outcome has led to a change in the way diabetes is screened in the Netherlands. Doctors now look more specifically for diabetes in those with high-risk backgrounds.
"If someone of South-Asian descent aged 35 or older comes into the consultation room, a doctor now always screens for type 2 diabetes, thanks to this change in guidelines," adds van den Born. "For those with a Turkish, Moroccan or African background, they are screened once they reach 45."
There may be an evolutionary explanation for the higher risk of diabetes, believes Van den Born. "Better storage and more efficient use of sugar in the blood can be beneficial in times of food scarcity; you can survive longer. In the past, the monsoons in India – the origins of those with a South-Asian background – caused times of food abundance and shortage. This may have evolutionarily led to a genetic adjustment in the regulation of blood sugar."
In today's society, however, there is always an abundance of food, so that too much residual sugar remains in the blood and diabetes develops quicker. "Then an initial advantage is now a disadvantage," says Van den Born.
Future of Research
The HELIUS research team hope that genetic analysis in HELIUS will help to uncover new pathways that will shed light on the higher risk of hypertension and diabetes in particular ethnic groups. Additionally, there is the hope that with advanced imaging they can shed light on the effects of high blood pressure and diabetes on the heart and blood vessels so that people at high risk of cardiovascular disease can be better identified and treated in the near future. | eng | 68ce61fd-d617-451c-be26-ddb4f8115995 | https://www.amsterdamumc.org/en/spotlight/cardiovascular-diseases-affect-everyone-but-not-equally.htm |
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The Art and Science of Sports Analysis
Introduction
In the world of sports, analysis has evolved from a niche practice into a crucial component of success. Coaches, players, and teams now rely on data-driven insights to gain a competitive edge. Sports analysis combines the art of understanding the game with the science of data collection and interpretation. In this article, we will explore the significance of sports analysis and how it has revolutionized the way we view and play sports.
The Evolution of Sports Analysis
Sports analysis has come a long way since the days of chalkboards and VHS tapes. It has evolved into a multi-faceted discipline, incorporating various tools and techniques to dissect and improve performance. Here are some key elements of this evolution:
Video Analysis: Video has been a game-changer in sports analysis. Coaches and players can review footage of games 스포츠중계 practices to analyze plays, strategies, and individual performance. Video analysis software enables frame-by-frame breakdowns, making it easier to spot strengths and weaknesses.
Performance Metrics: The advent of wearable technology has ushered in a new era of sports analysis. Athletes can now track their performance metrics in real-time, including heart rate, speed, and distance covered. This data helps in optimizing training and recovery strategies.
Statistical Analysis: Advanced statistical models have been applied to sports data to gain insights into player and team performance. Metrics such as player efficiency rating (PER) in basketball or expected goals (xG) in soccer provide a deeper understanding of player contributions.
Scouting and Recruitment: Sports analysis has become instrumental in scouting and recruitment. Teams and colleges use data-driven methods to identify promising talent, often relying on predictive analytics to make informed decisions.
Tactical Advantage: Understanding opponents' strategies and tendencies is crucial. By analyzing their previous games, teams can formulate counter-strategies to gain a tactical advantage.
Injury Prevention: Monitoring player data can also help in injury prevention. Coaches can track fatigue levels and rest players when needed, reducing the risk of overuse injuries.
Fan Engagement: Sports analysis isn't limited to teams and players. Fans also benefit from data-driven insights, as it enhances their understanding of the game. Commentators and analysts use statistics to provide deeper insights during broadcasts.
The Role of Technology
Technology plays a pivotal role in sports analysis. Here are some key technologies shaping the field:
Drones: Drones are used to capture aerial footage of games, providing a unique perspective for analysis. They can track player movements, capture the trajectory of a ball, and offer valuable insights to coaches and analysts.
Machine Learning and AI: These technologies are used to predict player performance, assess injury risks, and analyze vast datasets quickly. They can uncover patterns and trends that might be missed by human analysts.
Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): VR and AR are being used to create immersive training experiences. Athletes can practice in virtual environments that mimic real-game situations, enhancing their decision-making skills.
Challenges and Ethical Considerations
While sports analysis offers numerous advantages, it also presents some challenges and ethical considerations. Privacy concerns, data security, and the potential for bias in algorithms are important issues that need to be addressed.
Conclusion
Sports analysis has become an integral part of modern sports. It's not just about watching games; it's about understanding them on a deeper level. Whether it's enhancing performance, gaining a tactical edge, or engaging fans, the art and science of sports analysis continue to shape the way we play and appreciate sports. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more exciting developments in this field, further blurring the lines between art and science in the world of sports. | eng | cbbb4135-dec8-480a-bb00-b45cef57cd82 | https://fgahgkasgg.top/2023/08/23/the-art-and-science-of-sports-analysis/ |
Combating Crime Through Community Policing Initiatives
The Community Resource Officer (CRO) is one of the most dynamic and influential positions within a police department. A CRO must be highly motivated and have a sound understanding of innovative and creative methods in combating crime. The CRO must be the "Swiss Army Knife" of the police department and have a sound understanding of all aspects of policing. Topics to be covered include: collaboration with other agencies, creating partnerships, youth leadership, youth & community programs, nuisance abatement, drug investigations, community event development, traffic interdictions, leadership, use of social media, asset forfeiture, gang and drug investigations, crime prevention through environmental design, tactics for patrol, and much more! A CRO is a specialist who is the catalyst behind overall crime prevention within any community policing unit or department.
This eight-hour course is designed for police officers looking to review or improve their skills in community policing initiatives. This course will give officers insight and understanding of how to create a CRO position and what strategies to utilize to be effective.
Activity: Attendees will be given time in class to research, plan, and develop a community policing event or program that they may want to implement in their communities/departments. | eng | f7aa7fa6-5429-4ea4-b3a4-60c023b6082f | https://events.nwtc.edu/corporate-training/event/detail/combating-crime-through-community-policing-initiatives-7451e8 |
Tag: life skills
Reading with a child is a gesture of love. It is a tangible gift of time, our most precious resource. Reading can stop the noise and fury of everything else that surrounds us in that moment. It creates a space for questions and conversations, observations and laughter, a means to model gestures of kindness and creation and exploration and how to get through hard stuff.
We love picture books for so many reasons, but their ability to make us laugh, to help us cry, and ultimately to allow us see each other and ourselves a bit more clearly are my favorites.
It is critical to our collective survival to protect the creative space of picture books and children's literature, to protect the magic of what happens when we read with children and when we help them start the journey of literacy. Perhaps that sounds hyperbolic, but I assure you it is not.
Picture books, children's books, are vehicles for a multitude of life skills. Of course, this includes literacy and critical thinking. But alongside that, the experience of being read to taps into social and emotional learning cues that children will carry throughout their lives. And what stories are available to read, to hear, to hold need to include everyone's story, not just those that reflect our own.
Today is National Children's Picture Book Day, part of the larger IBBY-sponsored International Children's Book Day. I hope you can take a few moments this weekend to read to a child in your life or to yourself if you have a chance to revisit a favorite book (or find a new favorite). It is also a great reminder to support your local libraries. Shop independent bookstores. Champion teachers who are working to broaden classroom collections for readers.
Fear is a really big emotion. (In some ways, I'm afraid to attempt to write about it.) But the reality is that fear needs conversations. Fear needs to be acknowledged and discussed. The more we push it down or away, the more control that same fear has over our feelings and actions and words.
Kids and adults alike have stress responses to fear that often look like something else, whether that something is anger or frustration or procrastination. (If your child has an outburst about something, it might be a good sign to dig a little deeper. Additionally, procrastination can be tied to a fear of failure.)
We navigated some basic fears here recently as Reese prepared for a first dentist appointment that involved a cavity and filling. Naming the thing she was afraid of, talking calmly and honestly about the procedure, and openly answering questions set her up for a positive experience. Was she still scared? Yes. But at a manageable and reasonable level.
Helping the kids in your life deal with big feelings such as fear provides them with skills that carry into adulthood. When we simply dismiss fear by telling a child they shouldn't be afraid, or that they need to "toughen up" or "grow up," we begin to create a path of repressing a very real and very controlling emotion. Many, many things in this world are immeasurably more frightening than having a cavity filled, and rightfully so. But creating smaller moments like this one can serve as reminders of success when bigger fears need facing.
Find those moments to talk honestly about fear. You might just discover opportunities to embrace and face some of your own. | eng | 08855f0e-1964-4a1f-b7c7-68104e539b4d | https://kindworldpublishing.com/tag/life-skills/ |
msata 256gb
Introducing the MSATA 256GB, a compact and high-performance storage solution for all your digital needs. This sleek and portable product offers ample storage with 256GB capacity, ensuring you never run out of space for your files, documents, and multimedia. The MSATA 256GB guarantees fast and reliable data transfer speeds, allowing you to access and transfer your data with ease. Whether you are a student, professional, or gamer, this product is the perfect companion for your laptop or desktop computer. Experience seamless and efficient storage capabilities with the MSATA 256GB.
FAQ
Is mSATA better than SSD?
mSATA is a type of SSD. The term SSD (Solid State Drive) is a broader category that includes different form factors like mSATA, M.2, and SATA. So, it wouldn't be accurate to say mSATA is better than SSD as they are essentially the same thing. However, when comparing different SSD form factors, it depends on factors like compatibility with the device and the specific requirements of the user.
Why is mSATA so expensive?
mSATA is relatively expensive due to its size and specialized technology. Compared to traditional hard drives, mSATA offers higher performance, smaller form factor, and consumes less power. These advantages contribute to its higher price. Additionally, as mSATA is not as widely manufactured as standard hard drives, the production volume is lower, further driving up the cost. Nevertheless, the benefits of mSATA justify its price, making it a valuable choice for those seeking enhanced performance and compact storage solutions.
Is mSATA obsolete?
No, mSATA is not obsolete. While newer and faster storage options like M.2 have gained popularity, mSATA is still widely used in various devices, such as older laptops and industrial applications. It continues to be manufactured and supported by many hardware manufacturers. It may not be the latest technology, but it is still a reliable and functional storage solution.
Which is better SATA or mSATA?
It depends on the specific requirements of your application. SATA offers higher storage capacity and faster data transfer speeds, making it suitable for traditional hard drives. On the other hand, mSATA is smaller in size and often used in compact, space-constrained devices like laptops and small form factor PCs. Consider your storage needs and form factor limitations to determine which would be a better choice for you. | eng | e0c9ad9c-6fac-4dbd-b3b1-e786b2d6e526 | https://www.ution-best.com/product-tag/msata-256gb.html |
Cimabue and Giotto
How did the work of Cimabue and Giotto impact their society? For structure, you may include major works, predecessors, artists who are influenced by then as well as the contemporary climate they lived in.
must include at least 2/3 scholarly sources
must include the links so I can review the sources | eng | 30125f07-4197-4775-bd28-7c38d10b0b7e | https://acmehomework.com/cimabue-and-giotto/ |
In which file, after generating the code with a STM32H7A3, the "network_[name]_val_m_outputs_1.csv" is created?
I would like to modify this file programmatically. Could you help me please?
Thank you for your previous response. Ihave attached the ioc file as requested.
To clarify, what I meant earlier was that I would like to modify the "network_[name]_val_m_outputs_1.csv" file in my code. My goal is to understand the meaning of the numbers in the file and adjust them to obtain the desired results. | eng | 468cb0cb-dc3b-4b0f-b066-65632e5deaad | https://community.st.com/t5/stm32-mcus-machine-learning-ai/in-which-file-after-generating-the-code-with-a-stm32h7a3-the/td-p/143400 |
What is Computer Vision?
Computer vision is a field of artificial intelligence that trains computers to interpret and understand the visual world. Using digital images from cameras and videos and deep learning models, machines can accurately identify and classify objects — and then react to what they "see." (SAS)
An Artificial Intelligence technology that allows computers to understand and label images, is now used in convenience stores, driverless car testing, daily medical diagnostics, and in monitoring the health of crops and livestock.
You use computer vision in your day-to-day when:
Your smartphone performs facial or digital recognition;
Use an app to edit photos and add glasses, hats or change eye or hair color;
On the highway when cameras or radar identify your car or license plate and issue a ticket. | eng | fd030e85-1d0a-4f34-950e-a75a62cf6a76 | https://infotechorlando.com/whats-is-computer-vision/ |
If you are looking for a simple way to leverage the power of storytelling in your organization, but haven't found an "off the shelf" solution, I know why: it doesn't exist. And WHY it doesn't exist is because your organization's needs are unique. One size fits all does not fit all. That's why Idea Champions' storytelling workshops are all customized. We mix and match from a broad selection of modules to create the perfect fit for you. All we need to know is what topics you'd like to see us address and in what ratio. Simple. And we don't charge for customization | eng | d9b3e869-a72f-413c-89d6-b4a7b0a962ce | http://www.ideachampions.com/storytelling/archives/2017/05/storytelling_wo.shtml |
Underground Overground
Event schedule details
Event location details
Point 9 on map
Exhibition Road
Celebrate the wonder of soil by making your own miniature paper box garden with artist and plant explorer Jacques Nimki, and Workshops For The Imagination.
Explore the earth beneath our feet by creating your paper plant garden - complete with a clay soil rich in illustrated worms, microbes and bugs. Underground Overground is a family workshop created for the Great Exhibition Road Festival by Brighton-based art studio Workshops For The Imagination, and artist and plant explorer Jacques Nimki. Nimki's latest florilegium installation, from which this workshop takes inspiration, can be found outside the Royal Society of Sculptors on the Old Brompton Road.
Accessibility - this | eng | d9a9a3d5-4049-4bfc-8097-31b6c9aca79c | https://www.greatexhibitionroadfestival.co.uk/event/underground-overground/ |
Concept Check 15.1
1. Why are donkeys and horses considered different species?
2. What is macroevolution?
3. Give an example of a reproductive barrier that may separate two similar
species.
4. Describe conditions that could make a new island a likely place for adaptive
radiation.
5. How does punctuated equilibrium relate to Darwin's theory of natural
selection?
Concept Check 15.2
1. How can evolution explain the range of complexity of eyes in modern
organisms?
2. Give an example of evolutionary remodeling of an existing structure to a new
function.
3. Identify one possible event during an organism's embryonic development
that can result in a change in body form.
Concept Check 15.3
1. Which parts of organisms are most commonly found as fossils?
2. What main characteristic distinguishes the fossil record of the Paleozoic Era
from that of the Precambrian Era?
3. How are the relative ages of fossils in sedimentary rock determined?
4. How does a mass extinction change conditions for species that survive?
Concept Check 15.4
1. Give two reasons why common names of organisms can lead to confusion.
2. Why are analogous structures not useful for classifying species in an evolutionary
context?
3. What does a branch point in a cladogram represent?
4. How does the three-domain model of classification differ from the five-kingdom
model? | eng | fb9994e9-26dd-4644-a032-d3993faecdcd | https://studyres.com/doc/10048789/concept-check-15---plain-local-schools |
Abstract
Refugee children often face disruptions to their education before and during displacement. However, little is known about either levels or predictors of refugee children's literacy or about their attitudes toward reading in low- or middle-income countries. To address this, we conducted in-home literacy assessments using the Holistic Assessment of Learning and Development Outcomes with 322 Syrian refugee mother–child dyads who lived in Jordan (child age range 4–8 years, M = 6.32 years, 50% female). Overall, the children had quite low levels of literacy, although they indicated a strong enthusiasm for reading. Child age, maternal education, and maternal ability to read all predicted child literacy, although maternal literacy predicted it only among children enrolled in school. Among those enrolled in school (64.9% of the total sample, 88.7% of those aged ≥ 6), students attending hybrid classes had better literacy than those attending either solely in-person or solely online, although the frequency of school attendance did not predict literacy. A less consistent pattern emerged for predicting children's attitudes toward reading. Our results suggest an urgent need to improve literacy skills among refugee children in Jordan, as well as a need for validated measures of attitudes toward reading for use with Arabic-speaking youth.
Over 1% of the world's population is forcibly displaced, and more than half of those displaced are children under the age of 18 (UNHCR, 2021). Most of these children live in low- or middle-income countries next to the country from which they or their family fled (UNHCR, 2021). The timely realization of developmental milestones is often disrupted for these children, who face major adversities at multiple levels. In this paper, we focus on child literacy and attitudes toward reading in a group of Syrian refugees in Jordan.
The Syrian refugee crisis is the largest refugee crisis since World War II, with more than 6.7 million refugees forced to flee Syria since 2011 (UNHCR, 2021). Currently, there are 673,188 Syrians taking refuge in Jordan, of whom more than 80% live outside of demarcated camps (UNHCR, 2022). Syrian refugees in Jordan face substantial challenges: 85% live below the poverty line and 94% of those under the age of five are multi-dimensionally poor, meaning that they are deprived of basic needs like education, health, water and sanitation, and child protection and safety (UNICEF, 2018). Double-shifted schools are common: 69% of the Syrian refugee children in Jordan attend these double-shifted schools, with Jordanian children attending in the morning and Syrians attending in the afternoon (Ministry of Education, 2018). While increasing access to schooling for all, double shifting introduces many challenges. These include less time in formal educational settings for both refugee and non-refugee children, reduced ability for refugees and non-refugees to mix and make social connections, and fewer educational resources in school for the Syrians (Cochran, 2020; Salem, 2021).
The overall literacy rate for adolescents in Jordan is high (> 99% among those aged 15–24, World Bank, 2021), as was the rate in Syria prior to the war (¬92% among those aged 15–24, UNESCO, 2021). However, less is known about levels of literacy among pre-adolescent children in Jordan or, indeed, anywhere the Middle East and North Africa region—particularly among those who are forcibly displaced. Extant evidence from Lebanon suggests that literacy rates are quite low among Syrian refugee children, with a large proportion of 3–15-year olds unable to identify any letters or words in a direct literacy assessment (Krupar, 2019). There are challenges for refugee and non-refugee literacy education acrossq the Middle East and North Africa region and internationally; of particular importance may be limits on access to primary and secondary education for refugee children and adults (Eghbaria-Ghanamah et al., 2020; Saiegh-Haddad & Everett, 2017; Sultana, 2007; UNHCR, 2016; Wofford & Tibi, 2018). Given double-shifted schools and other challenges to Syrian refugee children in Jordan's ability to access high-quality education (Dhingra, 2019), these children are at risk for poor literacy, which exacerbates disadvantage: Good literacy is key for children to acquire information and knowledge and to develop cognitive competencies. It is critical to assess literacy among Syrian refugee children in Jordan to know whether literacy interventions should be implemented.
While we know little about literacy among Syrian refugee children, we know even less about their attitudes toward reading. We did not find any papers which examined child attitudes toward reading among Syrian refugees, in Jordan or otherwise. This is problematic because attitude toward reading is a key affective factor predicting literacy, reading skills, and academic success throughout the lifespan (Davis et al., 2018; Nootens et al., 2019; Schiefele et al., 2012). Without understanding levels or predictors of reading motivations or attitudes toward reading in this population, it is difficult to implement effective interventions.
Optimum classroom environment, peer-to-peer learning, developmentally appropriate learning materials, and positive teacher–student relationships are enablers of children's formal learning and educational development (United Nations, 2021). When schooling is disrupted, the influence of children's home environments increases for their educational development. Children whose parents and caregivers have less education and low or no literacy often have lower levels of literacy themselves (Menheere & Hooge, 2010; Save the Children, 2016). Stimulating and supportive learning environments support language development, while also allowing for healthy self-regulatory practices and motivation required for school readiness and success (Gottfried, 2013). Even before COVID, Syrian refugee girls in the Middle East were less likely to attend primary or secondary school (Charles & Denman, 2013; Sirin & Rogers-Sirin, 2015, although this pattern was more varied in Jordan, see Human Rights Watch, 2020 and UNICEF, 2020). Many Syrian refugee households in Jordan have limited or no access to computers or the internet (Caswell, 2019; Michalek et al., 2022; Panter-Brick et al., 2021) —or where they have this access, it may be limited to one smartphone for the household—which is a hurdle for children's involvement in online schooling (El-Abed & Shabaitah, 2020). In these cases, parents had to choose when each of their children would be able to engage with their online classes; it is possible that these decisions may be underpinned by gender-based educational and employment expectations for the future (Charles & Denman, 2013; El-Abed & Shabaitah, 2020; Krafft, Assaad, & Pastoor, 2021). This previous work suggests that literacy-promoting resources and processes at the child-, parent-, and household-level may differ between Syrian refugee boys and girls.
The Current Study
To address these gaps in knowledge, in this paper, we answer the following research questions: First, what are the levels of literacy among 4–8-year-old Syrian refugee children in Jordan? Second, which child-, mother-, household-, and school-level factors are associated with literacy and attitudes toward reading among these children? Finally, does the association of these child-, mother-, household-, and school-level factors with literacy and attitudes toward reading differ by the child's sex?
Method
Participants
We sampled 322 Syrian refugee mother–child dyads living in Amman (n = 236 dyads) and Zaatari (n = 86 dyads) as part of a larger wait-list cluster randomized controlled trial. Participants were sampled through five local community-based organizations in Amman and through two We Love Reading (WLR) reading ambassadors in Zaatari. To be included in the study, 'mothers' had to be a Syrian refugee who was the primary female caregiver for at least one child between the age of 4 and 8 years old. In practice, all but one were the study child's biological mother, with the other a paternal grandmother taking part in the study as the child's biological mother was deceased. We refer to these female caregivers as mothers throughout the paper. Where a mother had more than one child in this age range, the child closest to 6 years old was chosen as the study child. Although we set this limitation, upon collecting data from families—including their official documents—we discovered that a small number of the children were 3 (n = 2) or 9 years old (n = 1); these participants were retained for analysis. For more information on the randomized controlled trial, see the study pre-registration (Hadfield & Mareschal, 2020) and for study materials, see the project OSF page at
Mothers ranged in age from 20 to 55 years old (M = 32.61, SD = 7.02). The children were 6.32 years old on average (SD = 1.18) with an equal gender split (50.0% female). The mothers had 4.24 children on average (SD = 1.93). All mothers spoke Arabic fluently, and it was the first language for all study children. Most mothers had completed between 7 and 12 years of schooling (53.1%), with smaller proportions having no formal education (10.0%), between 1 and 6 years of schooling (27.2%), and at least some tertiary education (9.7%). Few mothers were employed (10.9%); of those that were, there was an approximately equal split between full-time (48.6%) and part-time (51.4%) employment.
Most of the families had been in Jordan for 8 or 9 years at the time of data collection, corresponding with the largest waves of displacement from Syria between 2012 and 2014. This means that most children in this study were born in Jordan. Participating families lived in difficult circumstances, with household sizes ranging from 3–15 people (M = 6.77, SD = 2.22), up to 4 families per house (M = 1.23, SD = 0.52), and an average of just 2.71 rooms (SD = 0.77, aside from the kitchen or bathroom) per household. The study child's father lived in the home with the child in 89.1% of the families; where not in the home this was because of divorce (4.6% of dyads), the father had passed away (1.3%), the father was missing (0.8%), or another reason.
Procedures
The research team in Jordan reached out to community-based organizations in different neighborhoods of Amman and to two women who had previously worked with the NGO WLR in Zaatari camp; these organizations and women were asked for lists of Syrian refugee women who used their services who might meet the eligibility criteria and to hold events at their organizations to sign up potential participants. From these lists, mothers were contacted by phone to see if they would be interested in taking part. Whichever 4–8-year-old child they had closest in age to 6 years old was sampled for this study.
This research received ethical approval from [blinded] in January 2021 (01E/2020/10). Mothers were informed about the study through community-based organizations, were sent information sheets, and then a data collection appointment was arranged if they agreed to take part. Two fieldworkers visited each household, with one collecting data from the mother and the other simultaneously collecting data from the child. Before data collection began, mothers consented to their and their child's participation, and the child provided assent. Fieldworkers then collected data orally in participants' homes, inputting the data directly into KoBoToolbox.
All fieldworkers were female to avoid participants' potential concerns with unrelated men visiting their household, in line with other work in this region (e.g., Al-Makhamreh & Lewando-Hundt, 2008; Panter-Brick et al., 2020). Fieldworkers were native Arabic speakers who had conducted research in Jordan before. They were trained for one week before data collection, practiced data collection processes with each other, and then conducted pilot data collection with 10 families in January 2021, before commencing the full data collection between January and May 2021.
Measures
All measures were asked orally of participants in Arabic. Where possible, we used measures which had been developed, validated for, or used with Arabic-speaking refugees in the Middle East and North Africa region. Where this was not possible, items and response options were translated to Arabic by author LQ, back translated by the field officer, and then there was a discussion between the translators and other research team members to determine the final wording. In some cases, this involved minor changes to the content of questions, to keep the content understandable and appropriate for this context.
Demographics
Mothers were asked to indicate their age, education level, and first language. They were also asked to self-report on their literacy with the dichotomous question, "Do you know how to read?" (No = 0, Yes = 1). They were asked their child's age, sex, and first language.
Schooling
Mothers reported on the child's schooling. They were asked if the child had ever been in school, if the child was currently enrolled in school, what grade the child was enrolled in at the time of data collection, if the child "went to school in person, online, or both ways," and how often the child attended classes (never [1], rarely [2], sometimes [3], often [4], always [5]). Where the child attended class in person, the mothers were not asked how often they attended classes because school attendance is mandatory, and so we have coded the children attending school in-person as "always" for the class attendance item.
Reading
To assess exposure to reading in the home, children were asked "In the last week, have you seen someone from your family members reading at home?". Response options were "No" (0) or "Yes" (1).
Poverty
The 12-item Household Wealth Index is a checklist measure developed to measure relative poverty in the region (Panter-Brick et al., 2009, 2018). Mothers were asked to report if their household had each of the following: TV, satellite, smartphone, car, refrigerator, computer, oven with gas, bedframe (not only a mattress), washing machine, heater, fan, and water heater. Possible scores could range from 0–12, with actual responses ranging from 3–12.
COVID
Data were collected between January and May 2021, during which time there were different levels of COVID restrictions in Jordan. The restrictions placed by the government on movement and school openings were recorded by LQ. Where there was a curfew in place which limited movement at the time of data collection, this was scored as 1; where there were no curfews, this was scored as 0.
Child Love of Reading
Children's attitudes toward reading were assessed through both mother- and child-report. Mothers completed the 9-item 'parents' perception of their child's attitude toward reading' (PPCATR) subscale of the Parents Digital Literacy Questionnaire, developed in Turkey by Ozturk and Ohi (2018). Items include "My child shows emotional reactions when I read to him or her" and "My child wants to be read to," with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "Never" (0) to "Always" (4). The PPCATR had acceptable internal reliability in our sample (α = 0.722).
Children completed two measures about their attitudes toward reading: the 4-item efficacy for reading and 3-item reading orientation subscales of the Young Reader Motivation Questionnaire (YRMQ, Coddington & Guthrie, 2009) and the 8-item attitude subscale of the Reader Self-Concept Scale (RSCS, Chapman & Tunmer, 1995). The YRMQ was developed in English in the United States and consists of items such as "Are you good at remembering words?" and "Is it fun for you to read books?", with Likert options of "No, never" (1), "No, not usually" (2), "Yes, usually" (3), and "Yes, always" (4) (potential range 7–28). Because our participants ranged in age from 4–8 years old and we were not sure of their familiarity with Likert measures, we chose to also use the RSCS which has dichotomous (0 = no, 1 = yes) response options (potential range 0–7). The RSCS was developed in English in New Zealand and includes items such as "Do you feel good when you read?" and "Do you like reading to yourself?". Both the YRMQ and RSCS had good internal reliability (α = 0.795 and 0.781, respectively). Higher scores on all attitude toward reading measures indicate that the child had a more positive attitude toward reading.
Child Literacy
Children completed a direct assessment of their literacy, using the literacy measure from the Holistic Assessment of Learning and Development Outcomes (HALDO; D'Sa et al., 2019). The HALDO was developed in Uganda to be administered to refugee children aged 4–12 and has been used previously in Lebanon (e.g., Krupar, 2019). We adapted this Arabic-language version used in Lebanon. It consists of three components: letter identification, expressive language, and reading comprehension. It is adaptive, with children first completing common letter identification, followed by expressive language if they cannot identify any common letters and uncommon letter identification if they can identify any common letters, and finally by reading a short paragraph if they are able to identify any uncommon letters. Scores can range from 0 to 15, with higher scores indicating higher levels of literacy. See Fig. 1 for how participants move through the task and for their scoring. To ensure consistency of coding among the fieldworkers, two fieldworkers coded the HALDO responses for the first participant at least every second day.
Statistical Analysis
All analyses presented in this manuscript were pre-registered through OSF (see and First, we calculated descriptives and frequencies for all variables, and the correlations between child attitudes toward reading and literacy. We also calculated the inter-rater reliability of the HALDO.
We then ran a series of analyses to understand the relative strength of the association between individual-, household-, and school/community-level factors that may be associated with children's literacy levels and love of reading. This entailed a series of 4 linear regressions, with literacy and the three child attitudes toward reading measures (PPCATR, YRMQ, and RSCS) as the outcome variables. The predictor variables were child age, child sex, mother age, mother educational level, mother literacy, whether the child had seen someone reading at home, poverty, if the child was enrolled in school, and if there was a COVID-related curfew in place at the time of data collection. Because all mother–child dyads spoke Arabic as children's first language, we did not include first language as a predictor in the analyses. Following this, we examined the extent to which mode and frequency of school attendance were associated with literacy and attitudes toward reading. We limited the sample to only those children who were currently enrolled in school and then re-ran the same regressions after removing school enrollment and adding mode and frequency of school attendance as predictors. Finally, to understand sex effects, we assessed whether sex of the child moderated the relationship between any significant predictors from the previous analysis and our outcomes, re-running the regressions with sex as a moderator of all significant predictors (e.g., examining interaction effects).
Results
While some families were more resourced than others, the sample as a whole was challenged at multiple levels. 17.4% of the mothers did not know how to read, and only 56.0% of the children indicating seeing anyone in their family read in the past week. The families had few resources, with an average of 7.92 (SD = 1.89) items from the relative wealth checklist. Of note is that while most households had a smartphone (98.1%) and a tv (91.2%), only 7.3% had a computer, and many were missing necessities for the climate in Jordan such as a fan, heater, or refrigerator (with 21.5%, 7.9%, and 13.2% of households, respectively, not having those items).
Most (64.9%) of the children were enrolled in school; this increased to 88.7% when the sample was restricted to just those aged 6 and up, which is the age where school attendance is officially mandatory in Jordan. Few (10.9%) of the mothers were employed. Descriptives for predictors are included in Table 1.
Levels of Literacy
As shown in Table 2, children's literacy levels were relatively poor. Given the wide age range of the sample, some of the children were young and would not yet be expected to be able to read. This is shown in Table 2, where very few of the younger children were able to identify any letters. However, those children also tended to have low expressive language skills—being able to list only a few animals.
Further, many older children also had limited literacy. Less than 50% of 6-year olds were able to identify even one uncommon Arabic letter, despite this being school-going age (Table 2). Even at age 7, almost a third of participating children were unable to identify any uncommon Arabic letters. Only 38.1% of children progressed to the stage of the literacy test where they were presented with a Grade Two-level paragraph to read. Of those that did progress to this stage, 20.5% could not read any words from the paragraph at all, and on average they were able to read 3.59 words (SD = 3.77). Those who were presented with the paragraph to read and were able to read a sufficient proportion were then asked comprehension questions; only 15.6% of children reached this stage, but of those that did, they generally comprehended the paragraph (M = 3.95 questions correct, of a possible 5, SD = 1.13).
Relationship Between Child Attitudes Toward Reading and Literacy
As shown in Table 3, the two child-reported measures of attitudes toward reading were moderately correlated with each other. The RSCS was correlated with the mother report of the child attitude toward reading, whereas the YRMQ was not. Both child-reported measures of attitudes toward reading were weakly correlated with literacy; the mother-report was not.
Predictors of Attitudes Toward Reading
We then ran 6 regression analyses examining the extent to which our predictor variables were associated with attitudes toward reading; the first set of 3 analyses included the full sample, and the second set of 3 analyses was limited to just those children enrolled in school and included the additional variables of frequency and mode of school attendance. The pattern of results when the sample is limited to just those children enrolled in school is broadly in line with when the full sample is included and so we present the second set of analyses here (although see Supplemental Table 1 for the results for the full sample).
The overall models for the YRMQ, RSCS, and PPCATR were all significant (p < 0.05). There were different patterns of results depending on the measure used, with only one significant predictor across two measures, and no variable that predicted responses to all three measures of child attitudes to reading (Table 4). Being more impoverished and attending school solely online—as opposed to a hybrid online/in-person model—were associated with higher YRMQ scores. Only seeing someone reading at home in the past week was associated with higher RSCS scores. Being female, seeing someone reading at home, and attending school more frequently were associated with higher PPCATR scores.
Predictors of Literacy
We then conducted a regression to see the extent to which our predictor variables were associated with child literacy. As above, we first ran this analysis in the whole sample and then again in just those enrolled in school. As the pattern of results differed substantially, we present both analyses in Table 5.
In both models—and as would be expected—older children had higher literacy scores. For every year increase in age, children scored an additional 1.5 points on the HALDO. In both models, maternal education was associated with child literacy, with the children of mothers whose highest level of education was either between Grade 1–6 or between Grade 7–12 having lower literacy than those children whose mothers had attended university. In the sample of only those enrolled in school, when mothers were literate, children had higher literacy scores. While frequency of attendance at school was not predictive of literacy, mode of attendance was: children attending school either in-person or online had lower literacy than those attending school both in-person and online (hybrid). With the exception of age, each of these predictors was a similarly strong predictor of child literacy (see Table 5, β values).
Moderation by Sex
Finally, we ran the regressions presented in Tables 3 and 4, but tested for a moderation (interaction effect) of each significant predictor by child sex. There was no moderation of household wealth or mode of school attendance for the YRMQ, nor moderation for seeing someone reading at home or for frequency of school attendance for the PPCATR (ps > 0.05). There was a significant child sex X seeing someone reading at home interaction for the RSCS (B = 1.23, SE = 0.45, p = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.10): boys' attitudes toward reading were consistent regardless of whether they had seen someone reading at home, whereas girls who had not seen anyone reading at home had worse attitudes toward reading and those who seen someone reading at home had better attitudes toward reading. For literacy, there were no moderation of child age, maternal education, or relative wealth for those not in school, nor were there moderations for child age, maternal education, maternal literacy, or mode of school attendance for those who were in school (ps > 0.05).
Discussion
Refugee children in Jordan face multiple challenges to their educational access and attainment. In this study, we sought to understand levels of literacy among a sample of Syrian refugee children in Jordan and to assess how multilevel (child-, mother-, household-, and school-level) challenges were associated with literacy and attitudes toward reading in early childhood. There are three main findings from this study: 1) rates of literacy among the children were low; 2) child-, mother-, household-, and school-level variables were associated with children's differences in literacy; and 3) there is a need to validate mother- and child-reported Arabic-language child attitude toward reading measures.
Children had relatively low levels of literacy in this sample. For English-speaking children, we may expect a 4-year-old to be able to identify some letters, a 5–6-year-old to be able to write their name, and a 6–7-year-old to recognize ¬100 words (Horowitz-Kraus et al., 2017). Due to its diglossic nature and the many different dialects, it may be more challenging for children to learn to read Arabic (Eghbaria-Ghanamah et al., 2020; Khamis-Dakwar et al., 2022; Schiff et al., 2018). While there is less information on what would be normative for Arabic-speaking youth, research suggests that Arabic-speaking 5–6-year olds tend to be able to write and read some letters, and those aged 6–7 tend to be able to read multiple words (Aram et al., 2013; Hassunah‑Arafat, Aram, & Korat, 2021; Khoury-Metanis & Khateb, 2022). In our sample, by contrast, 39% of 5-year olds could not identify even one common letter and more than 50% of 6-year olds could not identify even one uncommon letter. Most children were not able to read any words, and their expressive language was generally not strong. Some of this is explained by age—with the older children generally scoring higher on the HALDO and displaying different types of literacy skills—but even the older children who were enrolled in school did not tend to be able to read more than one or two words. This is particularly troubling given that early reading skill development in Jordan consists of learning to hold a pencil, the alphabets, letter sounds, and how the shape of letters changes depending on where it is in a word, and thus, these children should have had some exposure to the types of literacy activities assessed by the HALDO.
This leads to the second study finding, that a variety of multilevel (child-, mother-, household-, and school-level) factors predicted literacy in this sample. Refugee children in general face multiple challenges to their literacy and education (UNHCR, 2016). Some of our findings are in line with expectations: socioeconomic status, maternal education, and maternal literacy have been robustly associated with academic achievement and attainment, including literacy (e.g., Harding et al., 2015; Hassunah‑Arafat et al., 2021; Skibbe et al., 2008; Wamba, 2010). More surprising was that hybrid teaching was associated with higher levels of literacy than either solely in-person or solely online teaching. While there is good evidence for the efficacy of blended learning (e.g., Means et al., 2013), few studies have examined its use in early childhood, particularly among refugee children living in low- or middle-income countries. One possibility is that the type of schools which offered hybrid teaching differed in positive ways from solely in-person or solely online schools, and thus, it was not the nature of delivery itself but rather some pre-existing differences between the schools and associated environments of the children attending those schools. Although we did not find an impact for school closures at the time of data collection in predicting literacy, COVID has led to reduced opportunities for learning to read for these refugee children in general, with schools in Jordan intermittently closed across 2020 and 2021 (FPA, 2021). Although the Jordanian government made a variety of efforts to minimize learning disruptions (Holleis, 2021)—including putting some educational content on tv and providing some computers—much of this would not have been accessible to our study sample, where children were unlikely to have regular access to a smart phone, much less a computer. Given government closures of in-person schooling in response to COVID-19, another possibility for our hybrid learning finding is that those schools which were in-person only would have been completely closed, those which conducted classes online only may have had too many barriers to attendance for the children in this study, whereas those with blended learning options may have enabled to broadest levels of attendance. In general, our results support the important role of both family- and school-level influences in the development of child literacy skills (Dong et al., 2020; Isik-Ercan et al., 2017; Kim et al., 2020; Pacheco & Mata, 2022; Taylor et al., 2000).
A lack of conceptual clarity surrounds the assessment of children's attitudes toward reading (Davis et al., 2018), and there are no validated measures to assess attitudes toward reading among Arabic-speaking children. We used here one mother-report measure (PPCATR) and two child-report measures (RSCS, YRMQ), all of which had acceptable reliability in this sample, but their convergent and predictive validity was inconsistent. The two child-reported measures were strongly correlated with each other but were inconsistently associated with child literacy, and the mother-reported measure correlated weakly with one of the child-report measures (RSCS) but not with the other (YRMQ) or with child literacy. Our research highlights the need to validate Arabic language attitude toward reading measures, so that this construct can be meaningfully assessed in region.
Strengths and Limitations
This study has a number of strengths, including a large sample of refugee children and their mothers, the use of self-reports and direct assessments, and the inclusion of both child and mother reports. It has three main limitations. First, the sample was drawn from community-based organizations and is not necessarily representative of the wider Syrian refugee population in Jordan. We cannot use this data, for instance, to provide nationally representative estimates of levels of literacy among Syrian refugee children in Jordan. Second, the data are cross-sectional, and so we can only assess associations between our variables. Although some of the associations appear directional, we cannot infer causal explanations. Third, we do not have information on expected literacy milestones by age in Jordan, nor age-normed literacy levels for refugee and non-refugee children in Jordan using the HALDO, and so it is not possible to compare our findings to country- or population-specific norms.
Conclusion
This is one of the first studies of levels and predictors of literacy among Syrian refugee children, and indeed of refugee kids generally. It is critical to collect this literacy data so that policymakers and practitioners are able to intervene in those populations and with those children where it is most needed. We found that there were very low rates of literacy among Syrian refugee children in Jordan, suggesting an urgent need for effective intervention.
Understanding how child-, parent-, household-, and school-level factors predict children's literacy and attitudes toward reading and their reading abilities is crucial for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers in this region, so that they effective interventions can be designed and implemented. That maternal education, maternal literacy, and mode of school attendance were predictive of child literacy suggests potential targets for intervention in this vulnerable population. Future research should examine the efficacy of family- and school-level programs at addressing this literacy deficit.
Literacy levels in early childhood are associated with a variety of outcomes across the lifespan. They serve as the bedrock for further learning (e.g., Kennedy et al., 2012). For refugee children, developing good literacy skills may be particularly important to overcome the many challenges and disadvantages that they face.
References
Al-Makhamreh, S. S., & Lewando-Hundt, G. (2008). Researching 'at home' as an insider/outsider: Gender and culture in an ethnographic study of social work practice in an Arab society. Qualitative Social Work,7(1), 9–23.
Caswell, J. (2019). The digital lives of refugees: How displaced populations use mobile phones and what gets in the way. GSMA Mobile for Humanitarian Innovation. /uploads/2019/07/The-Digital-Lives-of-Refugees.pdf
Menheere, A., & Hooge, E. H. (2010). Parental involvement in children's education: A review study about the effect of parental involvement on children's school education with a focus on the position of illiterate parents. Journal of European Teacher Education Network,6, 144–157.
Pacheco, P., & Mata, L. (2022). Family Literacy: Perspectives and Challenges for the Preschool-Family Relation. In Modern Reading Practices and Collaboration Between Schools, Family, and Community (pp. 174–201). IGI Global | eng | e48624f5-5221-486a-ba7f-527c1afb329b | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13158-022-00334-x |
PLANS Co-op Reflection: Anjolaoluwa (Anjie) Fagunwa
By: Anjolaoluwa (Anjie) Fagunwa, PLANS Co-op Student
My name is Anjolaoluwa (Anjie) Fagunwa, I am a grade 11 student in the co-op program, at Halifax West High School. Over the years, my interest in the medical field has grown and I'm always looking to expand my knowledge even further. Being in the coop program has opened doors for me and through co-op, I was introduced to PLANS.
Before I started co-op, I knew that I wanted to pursue a career in the medical field, particularly orthodontics but I was unsure of my decision. PLANS co-op has really helped me extend my knowledge and interest in the medical field and has made me certain that I would like to pursue a career in dentistry. Some careers/courses I really enjoyed were dentistry, physiotherapy, and nursing.
The dentistry session definitely exceeded my expectations. I got to see and listen to people from different careers under dentistry and have one-on-one conversations with them; I also got to do some practicals and experience what it's like being a dentistry student. This experience has been nothing less than amazing and I'm so glad that I have this opportunity because it has strengthened my decision in pursuing a career in dentistry.
In conclusion, PLANS has helped me set a foundation for my future. Not only did it help me ensure that I'll love dentistry, It helped me get involved with Dalhousie University, the university I want to attend. PLANS helped me get in touch with a lot of great resources Dalhousie has to offer and I got to speak to professionals in the medical field and professionals at Dal. PLANS is a really great opportunity and I'm thankful to be a part of it. | eng | 0149c3e6-517d-45e4-890b-5c857c746e25 | https://blogs.dal.ca/globalhealth/2023/05/15/plans-co-op-reflection-anjolaoluwa-anjie-fagunwa/ |
What are The Secrets to Healthy Ageing?
Although you are living longer in years, the quality of your lives is deteriorating with chronic diseases on the rise. If you look back at the diets of traditional cultures such as the Eskimos of North America or the Mediterranean diet of the Italians, you see several things in common. Despite wide variations in diet, they all ate fresh, local, seasonal and largely unprocessed foods.
You are constantly under the burden of physical, mental and emotional stress. At a cellular level, stress ages cells by accelerating telomere shortening.
What Can you Do?
Diet and lifestyle are without a doubt the most important factors to avoid chronic disease and improve health and well being.
Eat at least three cups of fresh vegetables per day and two pieces of fruit, with two palm sized portions of healthy proteins such as eggs, oily fish, lean grass fed meat and legumes such as lentils and chickpeas. Healthy oils such as olive oil, avocado, raw nuts such as almonds should also be included since these are essential for healthy cells, cholesterol and joints. Aim for a handful of nuts or seeds and 2 tablespoons of healthy oils. Drink two litres of pure water per day. Also don't forget to chew your food slowly and avoid overeating.
Secondly, you can take supplements to counter the deficiency of nutrients in our foods as well as slow the ageing process. A typical naturopathic "Wellness Prescription" would include:
A good multivitamin/mineral/antioxidant to prevent deficiencies, support against the harmful effects of stress and support the body's detoxification pathways.
Fish Oils or a good omega 3 supplement due to its anti-inflammatory effects which helps maintain healthy joints, brain, cholesterol and heart function
Probiotics such as acidophilus and bifidus are essential to maintain good digestive function and immune support as 80% of our immunity is in our digestive system.
Thirdly you can exercise regularly. Studies have shown that 30 to 60 minutes 4 to 5 times per week reduces morbidity and mortality associated with heart disease and reduces cognitive decline. Try to include some exercise conducted outdoors as this will help promote vitamin D production as deficiency of this vitamin is at epidemic levels.
Fourth: aim to live life to the fullest and treat every day as though it was your last. Nurture your spirit by spending time outdoors in nature, bush walking, gardening, swimming, etc. Make it a priority to spend time with friends and loved ones, meditate, pray, sing, get involved with community groups or just take up a new hobby. Whatever takes your fancy! It's never too late!
Finally as well as regular dental and medical check ups make it a habit to regularly visit your naturopath, osteopath, chiropractor, massage therapist or acupuncturist to promote wellness management rather than waiting until you are sick or are in pain the | eng | 7295455c-46bd-4000-bec3-dec5ab810eb4 | https://sandaretreats.com/what-are-the-secrets-to-healthy-ageing/ |
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)?
Our cognition, emotions, and behavior are all linked, according to REBT. Therefore, it's critical to look at people's beliefs about events and situations they've been through. This way, they may comprehend the influence of those events and situations, as well as the emotions that occur as a result of those beliefs. When a person understands what emotions influence their behavior, it can help them make better decisions than abusing drugs or alcohol.
Developed by psychologist Albert Ellis, rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Rational emotive behavior therapy is a practical method for assisting people in dealing with illogical beliefs and learning to control their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors more healthily and realistically. This therapy is commonly used to help individuals who are in treatment for addiction as their negative thoughts could have caused them to cope with drugs or alcohol.
REBT emphasizes the notion that rather than life circumstances causing someone to become unhappy, it is the person's beliefs about the events that have a negative influence. As a result, rational emotive behavior therapy focuses on transforming a person's life beliefs first and foremost.
The Principles of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Problems might arise when people have unreasonable views about themselves or the world. REBT's purpose is to assist people in recognizing and changing negative beliefs and thought patterns to alleviate psychological issues and mental anguish.
The three irrational thoughts that many people have are the subject of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. The "Three Basic Musts" describes these ideas. The "Three Basic Musts" according to REBT include:
An excessively high expectation of self-worth based on one's ability to perform well and obtain favor from others
An excessively high expectation of others, as well as the expectation of being treated honestly and politely at all times
Excessively high anticipation of always getting one's desired outcome
While people often hold a variety of irrational beliefs, the Three Basic Musts cover the major principles that underpin them. These beliefs can cause negative sensations and thoughts, which can lead to harmful behaviors such as substance misuse.
How Does Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Work?
Addiction develops as a result of counterproductive thoughts, behaviors, and feelings, according to REBT. The purpose of rational emotive behavior therapy is to replace these negative habits with more realistic and good ones.
The following are the basic premises of how REBT works to change addictive thoughts and behaviors:
Changing thoughts: Many people who are addicted to drugs or alcohol have absolutist thinking. This means that they believe they must use drugs or alcohol or else they won't make it. REBT counteracts these thoughts by encouraging individuals to question their thinking.
Changing visualization: Individuals struggling with addiction often have low esteem and trouble visualizing themselves in a positive light. Rational emotive behavior therapy helps people improve their self-image and gain confidence in themselves.
Changing behavior: Irrational thoughts often lead to irrational behaviors. This is especially true in the case of addiction. Many addicts feel, and act on, the urgent need to use drugs or alcohol. REBT helps people address their irrational behaviors and think through behaviors before acting.
How does ABC Therapy Modeling work?
The ABC model, created by Dr. Albert Ellis, a psychologist, and researcher, is the basis of REBT. Its name refers to the components of the model. Here's what each letter stands for:
A: Adversity or activating event.
B: Your beliefs about the event. It involves both obvious and underlying thoughts about situations, yourself, and others.
C: Consequences, which include your behavioral or emotional response.
In the ABC model, B links to A and C. Additionally, B is considered the most important component. That's because CBT focuses on changing beliefs (B) to create more positive consequences (C).
When using the ABC model, your therapist helps you explore the connection between B and C. They'll focus on your behavioral or emotional responses and the automatic beliefs that might be behind them. Your therapist will then help you reevaluate these beliefs. Over time, you'll learn how to recognize other potential beliefs (B) about adverse events (A). This allows the opportunity for healthier consequences (C) and helps you move forward.
Identifying Beliefs and Applying the ABC Model
During rational emotive behavior therapy, your therapist will help you learn how to apply the ABC model to your daily life. If you're feeling depressed due to a conflict in your relationship, for example, your therapist may help you identify the activating event for your problem before encouraging you to figure out which beliefs led to your negative feelings. They would then work with you to change those beliefs and, ultimately, your emotional response to the conflict.
An important step in this process is recognizing the underlying beliefs that lead to psychological distress. In many cases, these are reflected as absolutes, as in "I must," "I should," or "I can't." Some of the most common irrational beliefs include:
Feeling excessively upset over other people's mistakes or misconduct
Believing that you must be perfectly competent and successful in everything to be valued and worthwhile
Believing that you will be happier if you avoid life's difficulties or challenges
Feeling that you have no control over your happiness; that your contentment and joy are dependent upon external forces
Holding unyielding beliefs like these makes it almost impossible to respond to activating situations in a psychologically healthy way. Possessing rigid expectations of ourselves and others only leads to disappointment, recrimination, regret, and anxiety.
Gaining Insight and Changing Behavior With REBT
An important part of the rational emotive behavior therapy process is learning how to replace your irrational beliefs with healthier ones. This process can be daunting and upsetting, and it's normal to feel some discomfort or to worry that you've made a mistake.
However, the goal of REBT is to help people respond rationally to situations that would typically cause stress, depression, or other negative feelings. When faced with this type of situation in the future, the emotionally healthy response would be to realize that it is not realistic to expect success in every endeavor. All you can do is learn from the situation and move on. Three key insights that rational emotive behavior therapy teaches are:
You are worthy of self-acceptance no matter what even when you struggle or make mistakes; there is no need for shame or guilt.
Others are also worthy of acceptance, even when their behavior involves something that you don't like.
Negative things will sometimes happen in life, and that doesn't mean that things are happening in a way they shouldn't be. Life is not positive all of the time, and there's no rational reason to expect it to be.
While rational emotive behavior therapy uses cognitive strategies, it focuses on emotions and behaviors as well. In addition to identifying and disputing irrational beliefs, therapists and clients also work together to target the emotional responses that accompany problematic thoughts. Techniques that will be encouraged include:
Meditation
Journaling
Guided imagery
What Can Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Help With?
REBT has some data to support its benefit in a variety of conditions, including:
The Benefits of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
When developing REBT, Ellis's goal was to create an action-oriented approach to psychotherapy that produced results by helping people manage their emotions, cognitions, and behaviors. Indeed, research suggests that REBT is effective at reducing irrational beliefs and changing behavior. We see the same results in sports psychology, where REBT can decrease irrational beliefs and reduce anxiety for athletes.
Several obvious goals come with using rational emotive behavior therapy. The overall goal is to help patients develop a more positive outlook by restructuring these irrational thoughts and beliefs that they hold. As REBT therapists work to restructure thoughts that will change the feelings or behaviors that a person may feel during therapy.
There are many goals associated with REBT and these forms of therapy overall, however, how effective is this type of counseling? Is it worth it to pursue REBT? Overall, rational emotive behavior therapy offers several behavioral benefits, like:
Reduced feelings of anger, anxiety, depression, and distress
Improved health and quality of life
Better school performance and social skills
Effectiveness
Rational emotive behavior therapy has a wide range of potential applications. Because it's focused on education and taking action, it may be effective for a variety of situations and mental health conditions. It may even lead to lasting change in those who undergo this form of therapy.
Burnout at School or Work
Researchers have studied the impact that REBT has on professional and academic performance. One 2018 study showed that this approach was effective in reducing symptoms of burnout for undergraduate students and continued to help even months after therapy concluded.
Another 2018 study showed similar results for nurses. Group REBT reduced their job-related stress and burnout while increasing their job satisfaction and commitment to their organization.
Depression and Anxiety
Rational emotive behavior therapy may be effective in reducing symptoms for people with depression or anxiety. The positive effects also appear to last even after therapy ends.
REBT has also shown promising results for adolescents experiencing depression. This may be due to its emphasis on teaching techniques like:
Identifying cognitive errors
Challenging irrational beliefs
Separating individuals from their behaviors
Practicing acceptance
Sports-Related Issues
Rational emotive behavior therapy is quickly gaining popularity as a treatment option for athletes who are experiencing mental health and drug addiction issues. It can be used to restore and maintain athletes' mental health, helping them learn how to change their outlook and manage their emotions. This often improves their athletic performance, though the goal of REBT in sports psychology is to care for the athlete's mental well-being first and foremost.
Things to Consider About REBT
REBT can be a daunting process. For some, disputation may feel aggressive or confrontational, and facing irrational thought patterns can be difficult, as it's not easy to accept these beliefs as unhealthy. The process of changing these thoughts can be even more challenging, as it may involve learning to let go of long-held beliefs.
Rational emotive behavior therapy is meant to teach you life-long skills and, as such, it's not a passive process. Your sessions may involve reading assignments and homework, and you'll likely have to step out of your comfort zone to get the benefits of this form of therapy. However, by dedicating time and effort to REBT, you can get closer to recovery.
Discovery Institute Can Help You Recover With REBT
Here at Discovery Institute, we offer individualized treatment plans based on a patient's needs. REBT is one of the ways we address the causes of addiction and help our patients move beyond it. During your first session, your therapist will likely discuss your goals and the activating event (or events) that prompted you to seek treatment.
Throughout your treatment, you will probably receive homework assignments to complete and new behaviors to experiment with. Your willingness to try out new beliefs and different behaviors will impact how beneficial rational emotive behavior therapy is for you.
If you or a loved one is struggling with drug addiction, don't wait. You can contact us if you're ready to begin your journey towards recovery. Let us help you, today | eng | af81c19c-2b2b-47c8-8901-892fb7be23e3 | https://www.discoverynj.org/rational-emotive-behavior-therapy/ |
Solar Lighting Saves Money
Solar lighting can be used to as a renewable source of energy to light the home or business. The energy can be used for lighting within the building as well as the outside areas. Pathways, driveways and billboards are often lit by solar lights, but as they become more powerful they are also used in parking lots, university campuses, bike trails and bus stops. Commercial grade solar lighting is reliable and energy efficient. It will also help your business show the commitment that has been made to the environment.
Most solar lighting products on the market today operate in the same basic way. The solar panel is hooked up to rechargeable batteries. During the daylight hours, when the sun is shining, the sunlight that hits the panel creates a charge. Direct sunlight is more powerful, but indirect sunlight can also create a charge, making the creation and collection of energy possible even on a day when direct sunlight isn't available. The batteries are able to store that charge. After the sun sets, the batteries will kick in and provide the energy needed to provide lighting.
Besides being an economical alternative to lights that depend on energy from fossil fuels, solar lighting is an ideal remedy to light locations that are not near the usual power sources. Outlying buildings in the yard or garden can be lit up during the night without running extension cords from the nearest power supply. This eliminates not only the unsightly cords running through the area, but also presents a safe lighting solution.
Knowing that emergency lighting will be available in case of a power outage is another reason home owners and businesses rely on solar lighting. Inexpensive energy from the sun can be relied on to provide safety lighting when the usual source of power is interrupted. There is no need to provide emergency lighting by expensive generators that rely on expensive fossil fuels when bad weather or equipment failure causes the energy from the grid to disappear, leaving family, customers and employees in the dark. Now that the energy from the sun can be stored to provide lighting even after the sun goes down, the uses of solar lighting has expanded. It's no longer just a commitment to environmentally responsible energy, but also a reliable and inexpensive alternative for most lighting needs. | eng | 19b29e58-3aff-4ba7-baa6-a830fad7f91b | https://www.ecopowersupplies.com/blog/solar-lighting-saves-money-blog |
Sloping backyards are no joke, but don't let that stop you from creating your garden oasis. There are many landscaping ideas to choose from and it all comes down to what you want for your yard. Let's dive straight into some of the most popular ways to utilize a sloped garden space!
Sloping garden ideas
1. Terrassengarten am Hang
A patio garden is a great way to grow garden plants and vegetables. In the terraced garden, the increasing gradient creates level planting areas on which various plants can thrive. For those with steep or sloping slopes in their yards, this onestunning flower garden ideasThey are particularly beneficial.
2. Roses and boulders on the slope
One of the most popular landscape ideas is a rose garden. Designing a rose garden is a detailed and beautiful process, but it does require some work. There are many different types of roses and each has its own unique characteristics.
You can find a lot moreBeautiful rose garden ideasin our guide.
3. Raised garden beds
You can turn a sloping backyard into an eye-catching design by taking advantage of the property's slope. Raised beds are a good idea for this type of landscape. This idea is a fantastic way to grow fresh, natural produce all year round. You can build the raised bed from a variety of materials including wood, stone, brick, and recycled metal.
4. Rock Garden Idea
A hillside rock garden is a great idea for homeowners who want to preserve the natural look of their property. The rocks act as barriers to slow or even stop water and soil loss while blending in with the home's vegetation. we have a lot moregreat rock garden ideasalso to share.
6. Tiered Garden
The tiered garden is a great way to bring vegetables and herbs closer to eye level. However, for this idea you need to find a suitable place in your yard or garden.
7.Raised bed vegetable garden on a hillside
One of the best ways to successfully grow vegetables on a hill is with raised beds. Raised beds allow for better access to water drainage and make it easier to harvest and mulch the garden.
A great benefit of growing yourVegetable beds on the slopeis that you can use natural soil cover to minimize soil erosion, saving money and resources in the long run.
8. Flower garden
One way to add interest and variety to your garden is to plant flowers on a slope. This idea works well when you choose plants that have shallow roots or can grow in fast-draining soil.
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9. Garden Wall
A garden wall on a slope can be a way to create depth in any sloped backyard landscape. The placement of the walls depends on the slope of the plot, but usually they should be on the upper slopes. Thehillside landscapeIt prevents erosion and makes maintaining a clean garden easier.
10. Inclined Retaining Wall
If your yard is sloped, you must have a retaining wall. This will prevent dirt and debris from sliding down the slope and making the patio look messy.
11. Sloped garden with water feature
Slanted gardens can be a bit more challenging than other types of gardens. A backyard with this type of space lends itself well to natural water features such as waterfalls, streams, and ponds.
Looking forUnique ideas for pond waterfalls? Something like this may be an option for you.
12. Shrub Garden
You can create a beautiful back garden with shrubs on the hill, an exciting use of space. Shrubs are perennial plants that can thrive in difficult conditions with their dense foliage and deep root system.
13. Oblique cascade stream
Ainclined tropical currentcould help create a balanced backyard that is both beautiful and functional. The tropical plants helped soften the slope while creating a striking natural feature that would make anyone who sees it stop and admire.
Retaining wall ideas for sloped backyard
14. Terrassenhang
If you want a sloping backyard with a garden, a terraced slope with stone retaining walls is the best way. It is a hill with a ditch and dirt at the foot of each level.
15. Living Wall
Aliving wallon the slop is a great idea for backyard landscaping. This prevents plants from falling over and soil from climbing up the slope. The wall unit itself is a sustainable planter. Living walls need watering less frequently than plants in pots or in the ground, but still need occasional watering.
16. Dry stone walls
Dry stone walls can be an attractive addition to a sloping backyard. They are traditional and last a long time. The good thing about dry stone walls is that they can be built with small stones or large boulders. You can create your cinder block core if you wish.
17. Gabion Garden Wall
gabion wallsThey are a popular choice for sloped backyards as they provide an eye-catching garden border. Gabions also offer a more rustic look.
steps on the slope
18. Outdoor wooden steps
These steps can be achieved by building a wooden frame and covering the steps with wood. The frame helps stabilize them and keep them in place while you can make adjustments. You can then cover the steps with leaves, grass or any other natural material that suits your landscaping theme in the garden.
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19. Gravel and wooden stairs
The gravel in this design helps create a smooth surface and disperses foot traffic in the area. Wood Landscape Wood Steps offer pleasing aesthetics and safety when entering and exiting the slopes. continue this guidehow to build stairs out of wood and gravelit will make it easier for you to do it yourself.
search for moreinteresting ideas of wood for landscape design? You can find a lot in our guide.
20. Rock stairs
If you have a garden, you could have a river stone staircase. This is not as difficult as it may seem. The first thing you have to do is find some flat stones and then use them as stairs. You can also change the size of the stones depending on what you want. That way it doesn't get too steep or too high.
21. Huge Stone Steps
The best landscaping idea for a sloping backyard is huge stone steps. Hire a contractor or do it yourself and create a comfortable slope in your yard. You can add plants in the spaces between the stones for a different look. This tutorial contains step-by-step instructions and helpful tipshow to build your own stone stepsin your backyard.
22. Gartenweg
You can do this by choosing the appropriate materials and taking your time to build the path with each step. The gradual incline not only looks better with the grass growing in the middle, but is also more comfortable for your feet.
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Finally
The sloped backyard landscaping ideas we have covered here should help you find creative ways to make your patio look beautiful and functional.
If you have a sloping spot in your yard, consider the options available for retaining walls, water features, and other landscape features such as shrubbery or stone walls.
FAQs
A slight grade may be controlled with rocks, mulch, and plants to anchor the soil, while a medium grade may benefit from more stabilization with the installation of landscape fabric beneath topsoil or mulch. Steep hillsides will require sturdier measures for controlling erosion, such as a retaining wall or terracing.
Ideally, your lawn around your house would have a slope of about 5%. That means that the surface of the ground 10 feet away from your house would be about 6 inches lower than the ground right next to your foundation. However, grades between 3% and 25% are usually considered acceptableThere are two ways to build a house on a sloped lot: using the "cut and fill" method, or making use of stilts. Cut and fill refers to the process of leveling out the ground for the foundation by adding soil, removing it, or both.
A smart, natural way to utilise the land on a steep slope is by planting shrubs, trees, and flowers. This is because the roots will develop and actually hold the soil in place. Go nature! This is great for preventing runoff during wet weather, since the number of plants will lessen the force of the water.
To fill in lawn ruts and holes, blend planting soil with sand and/or compost. Usually blending equal parts of each material forms a mix that allows grass to root effectively through the mix into existing soil. Check with your local extension agent or garden center for specific soil recommendations for your area.
Choose plants that will anchor the hillside, such as shrubs, ornamental grasses, and prairie plants, like coneflower, that form a mat of roots. All these plants hold the ground in place and require minimal maintenance during the growing season.
The maximum slope in a lawn should be twelve inches for every four feet. If the drop is greater than twelve inches you should plan to build a low retaining wall or cover the slope with a hardy ground cover or ornamental grass.
About 1/4" per foot is good. Whether to do a steep ramp or steps depends somewhat on who will be using the walkway. For wheelchair use, of course, you can't have steps. Wheelchair ramps can be no steeper than 1:12, with 1:20 being preferred. But for people walking, steps are often safer. | eng | 556018c8-cedc-491f-987e-a61746c455a2 | https://idoche.pics/article/21-amazing-slanted-landscaping-ideas-to-steal-for-your-backyard |
A Fair Value Gap is nothing more than a series of 3 candles with a gap between a candle high/low and a candle high/low two candles prior.
For example:
A Gap Up - the Low of a candle is higher than the High of two candles back.
A Gap Down - the High of a candle is lower than the Low of two candles back.
Typically, on a Gap Up, the trader would wait for the price to re-enter the Gap, and take a Long position.
Typically, on a Gap Down, the trader would wait for the price to re-enter the Gap, and take a Short position.
We found that simply trading through the Gaps (fill the gap) produced a better result. So we reversed the procedure and the colors to show our suggested direction.
We have added inputs so the trader can determine the size of the Gaps to be plotted on the chart. A minimum and maximum can be set.
The number of Gaps to be displayed can be adjusted.
There is a option to remove Gaps that had been filled, to help keep a clean chart | eng | 63919e42-6118-4e10-8688-ee6fdf320451 | https://www.tradingview.com/script/xxlYfWrU-NSDT-Fair-Value-Gap/ |
Introduction to wine tasting (private)
Alexia Hupin 4 steps to taste wine like a pro!
What you'll learn
In this class, I'll walk you through the basics steps to taste wine:
- appearance
- nose
- palate
- quality assessment
You'll discover how to:
- find aroma characteristics
- apprehend palate sensations
- take clear tasting notes
- say if the wine's good & why it is
- know what you like & why you do
+ get the perfect conditions to proper wine tasting
So let's grab a glass and taste together!!
This class is perfect for
Beginners, WSET students & professionals who need a refresh
Listing availability
(Timezone: Etc/UTC)
Jan 01-07, 1970
What to bring
paper
pen
glass of wine
whatever wine availableAlexia Hupin
Your teacher
Used to work in events for hotels,
Wine Blogger @WinebyAlex,
WSET Educator for 3 years
Alexia Hup | eng | e62a25de-9dba-4b0b-9d7f-b2af7da74a90 | https://www.amphy.com/hub/introduction-to-wine-tasting-private?listing_id=60670634-914b-4dc1-836e-92ce46f3e43c |
Skyline between Bear Creek and Sky Londa is a mess of water & mud
?From Thursday's solo ride, my first as a 67 year old. Cars a bit of a mess near the top of Old LaHonda, which is going to be the new norm until 84 is back in business. Unfortunately, "currently-good-weather" isn't going to mean much for a while, as water and mud sloshes across the road anywhere the road is cut into a hillside. | eng | dc6e2e6c-915d-4a74-963a-c6ab301ca438 | https://www.chainreactionblogs.com/diary/2023/03/19/skyline-between-bear-creek-and-sky-londa-is-a-mess-of-water-mud/ |
self-defense classesSelf-Defense For The Streets The definition of "the streets" can be vastly different depending your location. However it's pretty clear that anyone interested in training in self-defense is considering the idea of being away from the safety of home and in a position where they are in danger of being | eng | 075c4d60-0791-43d6-8ad6-d0bbcad59128 | https://www.kravmaga.com/tag/self-defense-classes-near-me/ |
Concussions
It's part of the game...Until it's you - Mario Manningham
HWNRecommends
Whether you are a professional athlete, weekend warrior, or something in between - a sports injury is likely to occur sometime in your lifetime. But without a doubt the biggest controversy in sport injuries, besides sudden death, drugs and spinal injuries is concussions. Just ask any parent with kids in contact sports. Then again, there's the NFL...
"Aren't we all sick of every sportswriter claiming that concussions and their effects mark an existential crisis for the NFL? Ennui is an existential crisis; grown men opting to play a game despite a risk to their health is existence. It's why we have ski slopes, sky-diving, bungee jumping, adult…
Resources
All of the systems currently approved to help assess head injuries, like the imPACT test, which includes various cognitive and other tests performed on a tablet or computer, require the input of a medical professional.
Research has shown that rule changes, training strategies, equipment recommendations and legislation of evidence-informed management protocols can all help to prevent concussion and the recurrence of concussion in youth sport.
Rule changes may be the low-hanging fruit in reducing the risk of concussion in youth sport.
"The problem is those tests don't seem to be very sensitive in the long run," says study author Ravi Menon, director of the Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping at Western's Robarts Research Institute in Ontario. "They return to normal quickly, but the MRI data shows the brain is still healing."
Their physician was following what, for almost a decade, has been the conventional wisdom on treating childhood concussions: Keep kids at home, keep them in a dark room with no screens and minimal stimulation, and ban any sort of physical exertion.
But in light of recent research, this month the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its guideline for treating mild brain trauma, urging physicians and parents to let kids return to school sooner, and allow them to use electronics and ease back into physical activity after just a couple of days of rest.
Who is more likely to suffer a concussion playing high school sports, a female soccer player or a male football player? A new study, published in the journal Pediatrics, found that girls who play high school soccer are at nearly the same risk for traumatic brain injuries as boys who play high school football. In fact, concussion rates were higher among girls than boys in every high school sport. Despite the indisputable statistics, controversy still surrounds the exact reasons that girls suffer more concussions than boys.
When a teenager is hit in the head, his brain can begin to show signs, within days, of the kind of damage associated with degenerative brain disease, according to an unsettling new study of young men and head injuries. The findings, which also involve tests with animals, indicate that this damage can occur even if the hit does not result in a full-blown concussion.
Assuming that we're talking about your average concussion (as opposed to one that causes a long period of unconsciousness), the good news is that an isolated incident isn't likely to haunt you for life. With the right treatment, most will recover from a single concussion in anywhere from two to four weeks. But that doesn't necessarily mean there are no longterm effects.
Fortunately, a new concussion test that takes just two minutes to perform can help. According to researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center, the King-Devick test is quick, simple and can be administered by any parent or coach. The study published in the Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology was conducted on 243 athletes under age 17 (as well as 89 NCAA athletes).
Doctors have learned a tremendous amount about concussions and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, a degenerative brain condition believed to be caused by repeated hits to the head, since the first former NFL player was diagnosed with CTE in the early 2000s.
Will Smith stars in Concussion, aConcussions are difficult injuries for many reasons. Concussion is, to all intents and purposes, an invisible injury. Athletes have no obvious signs of being injured when recovering from a concussion, unlike a broken leg or a dislocated shoulder.
With the release of a film telling his story, Bennet Omalu describes the process of discovery that led to clashes with the league – and how his own encounters with depression helped enhance his understanding.
A growing industry has developed around concussions, with entrepreneurs, academic institutions and doctors scrambling to find ways to detect, prevent and treat head injuries. An estimated 1.7 million Americans are treated every year after suffering concussions from falls, car accidents, sports injuries and other causes.
Nearly half of all reported sports concussions occur during a high school football game or practice. And even when injured bodies are ready to get back on the field, injured brains might not be ready to return to class.
But how long should these student athletes be out of school?
In a sign that experts are taking sports concussions more seriously, new guidelines released today suggest that players be pulled from games even if there is only a suspicion that there's been a head injury. Further, updated American Academy of Neurology guidelines state that an athlete shouldn't be allowed to return to play until a specialist gives the OK.
For more than half a century, football helmets have done a great job of preventing skull fractures, but they've been ineffective when it came to preventing concussions and protecting the brain. They just weren't meant to do that.
Life is filled with risks. It is the nature of the social enterprise. Football for youngsters may present many more risks than alternative activities, but when conducted in a manner that minimizes unnecessary risks, it should be consider a viable choice. Otherwise, we risk raising a generation weaned only on computer games and the Internet.
Based on our research, we know that prevention is possible. We've made youth sports concussion one of our focus areas, but we can't solve this issue alone. All of us play a role in creating a culture of concussion safety.
Fourth Down and Inches is another example of the kind of book the Common Core State Standards want students to read. It is well-crafted, provocative, well-researched, and lays out the facts of the consequences and probability of brain injury vs the love of the game.
Once considered nothing more than boo-boos to spittle-spewing coaches everywhere, concussions are finally being acknowledged for what they are: contact sports' nastiest byproducts. The long-term effects of head injuries, particularly in retired football players , are proving to be absolutely terrifying.
I think the number-one most serious misconception is that you have to be rendered unconscious to have suffered a concussion. More than 90 percent of athletic concussions occur without any loss of consciousness. There are 26 symptoms associated with concussions, and loss of consciousness is only one of those.
My struggle to receive the proper care is the driving force behind this blog. Since it's launch, I've connected with hundreds of people with eerily similar experiences; too many people are fighting this battle when they don't have to be.
I've shared my story with the hope that some of my experiences will help others struggling to understand their own injuries. While undergoing my own recovery I also co-founded a non-profit, Headway Foundation, with two of my peers to further educate and support individuals suffering from concussion, post-concussion syndrome and whiplash.
Complete Concussions is a global network of trained and experienced concussion clinicians here to help you get back to the things you love. Whether you need baseline concussion testing, a return to school, work, or sport strategy, or treatment for ongoing symptoms, we're here to help.
CONCUSSION INC. reveals the complete head injury saga as it coalesced into a sensational media narrative. Read about the NFL and WWE doctor who played fast and loose with the facts about the efficacy of the state-mandated concussion management system for high school football players. Discover that other highly touted solutions are also just self-serving cottage industries.
Keeping children and teens healthy and safe is always a top priority.
Whether you are a parent, youth sports coach, high school coach, school professional, or health care provider, this site will help you recognize, respond to, and minimize the risk of concussion or other serious brain injury.
PINK Concussions is the FIRST EVER non-profit organization with a highly personal and urgent mission to improve the pre-injury education and post-injury medical care for women and girls challenged by brain injury including concussion incurred from sport, violence, accidents or military service. We are #pinkTBI.
To raise awareness that concussions are brain injuries and need to be taken seriously. The Brain Injury Alliance of New Jersey continues to be the leading source of accurate, current information about concussion and a system of support for those navigating through the concussion recovery process.
Hi, I'm Kate. I have had symptoms of post concussion syndrome since June 7, 2009. I'm trying to track my symptoms and vent at the same time. It has helped me to gain a better focus and understanding of what I'm going through. I really appreciate any advice or fellowship.
General recommendations for concussion recovery include a short period of rest, followed by a gradual return to activity under the supervision of a medical professional. Caring for a concussion can involve a variety of treatments to manage symptoms and a team of health professionals, depending on the symptoms and how a person's condition improves.
Even mild concussions should not be taken lightly. Neurosurgeons and other brain-injury experts emphasize that although some concussions are less serious than others, there is no such thing as a "minor concussion." In most cases, a single concussion should not cause permanent damage. A second concussion soon after the first one, however, does not have to be very strong for its effects to be deadly or permanently disablingIn a nutshell, a concussion is a blow or jolt to the head that can change the way your brain normally works. Also called a mild traumatic brain injury, a concussion can result from a car crash, a sports injury, or from a seemingly innocuous fall. Concussion recovery times can vary greatly.
Doctors, coaches, and parents are paying more attention to concussions than they once did. Why? Because they now know that concussions can cause serious problems for kids and adults, especially if they don't get the right treatment. | eng | e04c495e-04a5-4dc3-b228-fd048de2a656 | https://www.healthworldnet.com/link-directory/top-4-more/trauma/head-trauma/concussions/ |
Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket
Welcome to our exclusive showcase of the Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket, where style meets sophistication, and elegance intertwines with comfort. At The Leather Fashion, we understand the essence of fashion, and our commitment lies in bringing you the finest attire that not only complements your personality but also makes a statement. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of the Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket, showcasing its unique features, unparalleled design, and the unmatched aura it carries.
The Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket stands as a testament to our dedication to craftsmanship and quality. Tailored with precision and designed with innovation, this jacket redefines sophistication. Crafted from the finest materials, it envelops you in a cocoon of comfort, making every wear a delightful experience. The jacket is not just an ensemble; it's an expression of your refined taste and discerning fashion sense.
Key Features that Set Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket Apart
Luxurious Fabric: The jacket is made from a premium blend of fabrics, ensuring a smooth touch against your skin. Its exquisite texture enhances the overall appeal, making you stand out in any crowd.
Versatile Design: Whether you're attending a formal event or a casual gathering, the Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket effortlessly adapts to any occasion. Its versatile design makes it a wardrobe essential for every fashion enthusiast.
Conclusion: Elevate Your Style with Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket
In a world where fashion speaks volumes, the Moxie Kaitlynn White Jacket stands as a beacon of elegance and sophistication. At Leather Fashion, we take pride in offering you not just a garment, but an experience. Elevate your style, embrace your confidence, and make a statement with the Moxie Kaitlynn White | eng | 13d5a9ce-0233-4253-96ba-26152c7695bf | https://theleatherfashion.com/products/moxie-kaitlynn-white-jacket |
Book news
What is multiplication?
Questions, comments, ideas, blog posts about multiplication are coming in for the project that starts with our online and local Math Cafe on February 18th. @twen1977 and quite a few others ask about memorization:
Yes, yes there is! We will be addressing this and other parent and teacher questions during the Math Cafe, and throughout the multiplication project. Meanwhile, head for the blog to check out the variety of posts that bridge multiplication and other human endeavors.
Marina Mersenne presents an advanced theater game, The Mirror Routine – easy enough for toddlers to learn, complex enough for professionals to use. Of course, symmetry is one of the major models of multiplication.
The Natural Math crew added new finds to our big history of the Multiplication Tower, a slightly mysterious 3D-modeling project that people have been independently reinventing since the 1970s.
In response to examples made of wood, LEGO, beads and more, we got two fresh versions. The history continues to grow: after our story came out, Jenny's son Viktor built his multiplication towers in Minecraft, and Sheryl Morris remixed the bead version in Montessori colors.
Sharing
You are welcome to share the contents of this newsletter online or in print. | eng | 53ca2ef1-65fe-4633-9602-e4b3f990bf77 | https://naturalmath.com/2014/02/newsletter-february-17/ |
Free Resources for Military Families
This post may contain affiliate links provided for your convenience. We earn commissions if you shop through the links on this page. I am also an Amazon Associate and earn from qualifying purchases Read my full disclosure policy. part of a military family or a family facing similar challenges.
Sesame Workshop recognizes that military families and children face unique issues and challenges. To help military families raise children who are not only smarter and kinder, but stronger, too, they've created free resources that are available at FamiliesNearAndFar.org. The resources include the beloved and trusted Sesame Street characters sharing information and tips in the familiar Sesame Street style.
The Little Children, Big Challenges resource kit helps children overcome everyday challenges, including relocation, to become more resilient.
The Big Moving Adventure App helps make moving fun by allowing children to create their own Muppet friend to help them through the relocation process. You can download the app for free and it's available for Android, Apple and Kindle products.
There's a kit specifically for families facing the death of a parent. The kit, When Families Grieve, includes an informational pamphlet for the caregiver, a DVD and a book that you can share with your child. The book, Something Small, features Elmo and Jesse's mom helping Jesse deal with the loss of her father.
These resources are available in both English and Spanish and you can find them at FamiliesNearAndFar.org. You can also find more military-specific content on Facebook.
Please take a moment to share these links with friends and families that may benefit from some loving support.
Last year when my oldest "baby" left for her first year of college I sent her off with a box of office supplies for college students. I had gotten some great tips from friends who already had kids in college. So being the over-prepared mom that I am, I made sure that I prepared her | eng | 4acbb17d-3573-4739-99d4-ab3fae4402f8 | https://organized31.com/free-resources-military-families/ |
Make sure to get annual maintenance on your HVAC systems to uphold your warranties.
Bringing The Noise: How Delayed Ignition Can Be A Problem For Your Furnace
Natural gas is a common, efficient, and relatively environmentally-friendly heating option used in many colder parts of the country. While gas furnaces are safe and reliable, they still utilize flammable gas and combustion that can create the potential for safety hazards.
As a result, most homeowners become concerned when their furnace begins making strange noises. Of course, a loud and violent "bang" when your furnace first ignites can be a particularly worrying symptom. This sound often results from a problem known as delayed ignition, and it's not a warning sign that you should ignore.
What's Causing the Noise?
If you've used a gas stove with a dirty burner, you may have already experienced delayed ignition. Instead of the burner lighting immediately, there's a momentary delay followed by a brief (and often frightening) burst of fire before the burner settles back to its normal flame. This brief explosion occurs because of the presence of excess fuel before ignition.
Delayed ignition typically occurs for the same reason in a gas furnace. Something prevents the burners from lighting promptly, leading to an incorrect mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber. As the burners finally ignite, this mixture can go off with a loud bang. Depending on the severity of the problem, you may be able to hear it almost anywhere in the home.
The good news is that your furnace is unlikely to explode, but delayed ignition can still cause damage to your equipment. More importantly, it may be a symptom of a much more hazardous condition. If you consistently hear the sounds of delayed ignition, you should stop using your furnace and call a professional for repair.
Why Is It Happening?
There are numerous reasons why delayed ignition can happen. In general, delayed ignition will result from an imbalance in combustion gases or impurities in the mixture. Clogged, dirty, or damaged burners are one typical culprit. As the burner nozzles become clogged, some burners may ignite more slowly than others. When they finally start burning, you'll hear an explosion as the excess gas ignites.
Another potential issue lies with the exhaust flue. Your furnace's air intake and exhaust system are effectively the same. As combustion gases leave through the exhaust flue, the furnace draws in more clean air for combustion. A clog in the exhaust flue can leave old combustion products behind, starving the furnace of fresh air and resulting in an explosion as the first tries to ignite.
Finally, and most critically, delayed ignition can be a symptom of a cracked heat exchanger. A cracked heat exchanger is dangerous and can allow toxic gases to enter your home. Since heat exchanger problems are always a possibility with delayed ignition, it's crucial to rely on an experienced HVAC contractor to inspect any furnace experiencing a delayed ignition issue | eng | b0ba972a-938d-44bc-bf3c-249a17306d0b | http://thevictorianteasociety.com/2022/12/06/bringing-the-noise-how-delayed-ignition-can-be-a-problem-for-your-furnace/ |
Can Calamity-Stricken People Be Exempted from Fasting?
Worship in Islam is not meant to impose hardship on people or to overburden them beyond their control. This is clearly manifested in the Qur'an in many verses, including the ones discussing the rules of fasting itself. For example, Allah Almighty says: Allah Almighty also says: (Allah tasketh not a soul beyond its scope) (Al-Baqarah 2:286).
Times of disasters are abnormal times that call for flexibility on many issues facing people, regarding their daily life activities or religious observances. In light of this, people coping with the quake aftermath, who are faced with starvation, hunger, injuries, and weakness may temporarily break their fasting in Ramadan if they really can't stand it. They are quite similar to those who are temporarily exempted from fasting such as pregnant and breastfeeding women, as well as those diseased persons who may recover after some time but can't fast for the time being. Thus, the people referred to in the question are temporarily exempted from fasting until they are physically able to stand it, and they should make up for the missed days after Ramadan.
Dr. Jamal Badawi, professor at Saint Mary's University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and a cross-appointed faculty member in the departments of Religious Studies and Management, states the following: Fasting involves self-control and discipline and it is challenging in itself under any condition. It is not, however, the purpose of fasting to endanger the people's life, delay or jeopardize their recovery if they are ill, or to impose on them something beyond their ability. That is why certain categories are exempt from fasting in Ramadan; some are exempt permanently such as the old and the weak persons or those with incurable illnesses who do not expect that they will be better in the future. In such cases they are only required to pay a charity as fidyah (compensation) equivalent to two average meals for each missed day of fasting. There are other temporary exemptions such as women during their menses or in the post-childbirth bleeding period or who are pregnant or breastfeeding and are worried about harm to themselves or to their babies. Also, those who are ill or on a journey. In these cases, they are allowed to make up for the missed fasting whenever they can. In such major disasters where there are near starvation, weakness, and injuries, there may be cases that are analogous or similar to the above exemptions. If, for example, a person is saved from under the rubble and has not eaten for days and is in a state of dehydration, one cannot expect the person to wait until sunset. A decision can be made on the basis of an Islamically trusted advice, or the good judgment of each individual concerned. The Qur'an did not specify exact detailed criteria for illness, and it is up to the conscience of the individual to determine whether he or she finds it too hard to fast or not.
In addition, the eminent Al-Azhar scholar Sheikh `Abdul-Majeed Subh adds this: Indeed, the reaction of those scholars who insist that those people afflicted by the earthquake should not break their fast, no matter what hardship, weakness, and hunger those people are facing, is stepping in the wrong direction and their opinion violates the basic Islamic rulings calling for mercy and easiness. The Qur'anic verse states that Hence, it is permissible for the sick to break their fasting. People in the afflicted areas of the earthquake are suffering from real hunger and they have to face the very cold weather; hence they are forced to eat and drink to keep their lives and face many of the harsh living conditions they are currently experiencing. Based on this, those people are exempted from fasting during the blessed month of Ramadan and they have to make up for the days they miss after Ramadan. Those people are not obliged to make up for the missed days in succession, but rather they should gradually try to make up for them to the best of their ability. What matters here is that they make up for the missed days regardless of whether they make them up all in succession or not.
Moreover, Dr. Sano Koutoub Moustapha, professor of fiqh and its principles, International Islamic University, Malaysia, adds this: I am of the opinion that for those who are unable to fast or for whom fasting would be very difficult, there is no harm in their breaking their fasting and making up the days they break. Thus, the situation falls under that of the sick and those people who fast with difficulty and both of them are allowed to break their fasting. | eng | 7bad582b-fd41-49ef-bd43-54465e222ce0 | https://fiqh.islamonline.net/en/can-calamity-stricken-people-be-exempted-from-fasting/ |
In my role at First Business Bank, I work with businesses and organizations to optimize and protect their operating cash flow using specialized banking solutions. That includes daily discussions about fraud prevention — tackling it from all angles, including recommending best practices internally and proposing specific fraud-prevention banking solutions.
One of the top frauds perpetrated against businesses is business email compromise (BEC). Coupled with wire transfer fraud, BEC has cost businesses more than $3.7 billion since the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) was established in 2000. In fact, the FBI reported that losses from BEC skyrocketed more than 2,000 percent since 2015.
Using the age-old art of deception, criminals use a variety of methods to compromise business email accounts, from phishing emails and social engineering to email spoofing and malware. The BEC threat spans across all industries, organization sizes, and geographic locations. As you can imagine, prioritizing ongoing employee education about BEC and other fraud types helps organizations recognize it and halt it before losing money or improperly distributing employee or customer personal information. That's why it's important to emphasize best practices and implement ongoing training.
Protecting your business is a moving target – as new fraud schemes arise, you will need to adjust and add to your protections. Currently, experts recommend:
1. Avoid free, web-based email. Buy a company domain for company email accounts.
2. Monitor corporate social media content, particularly job duties/descriptions, hierarchal information, and out-of-office details.
3. Raise suspicions about odd e-mail requests for secrecy or pressure to take action quickly.
4. Flag requests from vendors, payroll processors, suppliers, and customers involving payments that suddenly change instructions. Always verify changes via phone or outside of email to make sure you are still communicating with your legitimate business partner.
5. Consider additional IT and financial security procedures, including two-step verification and others, such as:
Out-of-band communication: Establish other communication channels, such as telephone calls, to verify significant transactions. Arrange this authentication early outside of email to avoid interception by a hacker.
Encryption: Entities on both sides of a transaction should utilize encryption to provide a layer of validation and security to messages sent through otherwise non-secure channels, such as email systems.
Delete spam: Immediately delete unsolicited email. Do not open it, click on it, click on links, or open attachments. These often contain malware that can harm your computer system or steal information.
Forward vs. reply: Avoid using the "Reply" option to respond to business emails. Forward instead, typing in the email address or selecting it from the email address book to remove the risk of replying to a look-alike email address.
Consider two-factor authentication for corporate email accounts, which requires two pieces of information to log in, such as a password and a dynamic PIN or code.
Enact rules that flag emails with extensions similar to company email. For example, legitimate email of xyz_company.com would flag fraudulent email of xyz-company.com.
Register all company domains that closely resemble your actual company domain so criminals can't purchase them to commit fraud.
Verify changes in vendor payment by adding two-factor authentication, such as a secondary sign-off outside email from specially designated personnel.
Confirm requests for fund transfers. When using phone verification as part of the two-factor authentication, use previously known numbers, not numbers written in a potentially fraudulent email.
Pay attention to your customers' routines, including the details and amount of payments.
Scrutinize all emailed fund transfers to determine if they're at all out of the ordinary.
It is unfortunate that fraud is such a common occurrence. It is no longer a matter of if it will happen to you, but a matter of when it will happen. Review your fraud health to determine where you have gaps and what you can do to improve your controls.
Fraud doesn't need to happen to your company. You must be proactive about cybersecurity and talk to your trusted treasury management professional about taking steps to protect your company.
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Keep up with the issues, companies and people that matter most to business in the Milwaukee metro area. | eng | b7692c08-8992-4524-a1b6-7af543dfcfe5 | https://biztimes.com/tag/business-email-compromise/ |
I was just watching some lame movie on USA. I think it's called Blood Evidence but I might be wrong. The thing that stuck out was when a lab guy was telling the detective that the blood sample was "chock full of anabolic steroids" and that meant that the guy "didn't have any lead in in his pencil" like he couldn't get it up.
I suppose if he was chock full of deca alone that might be the case.
TV shows are always fucked up about stuff like that. You see a hardcore triathlete, or anyone else "working out" and they are always doing barbell curls with shitty form like they're break dancing around the bar or something. | eng | 2beaf600-84f4-4531-97e1-8d192f9ee13e | https://forums.t-nation.com/t/idiots-in-the-movies/34985 |
So if your axiom is that the Heliocentric model is true, when it is in fact not true - what then? What do you have then?
There is no "arguing" or "debating" when it comes to natural science; Natural science is about objective reality. Cold objective facts, not interpretations or assumptions.
Ok, I get that you think it isn't true. The critical question is why? I've shown you some examples of observations that perfectly fit the heliocentric model, and which do not fit the geocentric model. How do you explain our observations of the solar system and the stars around us from a geocentric perspectiveI'd suggest that ships disappearing below the horizon as they sail out to sea and the bottom of distant landmarks or land masses being hidden below the horizon, and the amount they're hidden increasing with distance, is a pretty good start. EA is the explanation given here, but it does require an explanation. If the earth is flat then why can't you see the rest of the objects? their theirQED. Just calling everything which doesn't fit your worldview as fake. You can prove anything to yourself if you doSo in summary, you keep asking questions and posing challenges, and then when these are addressed you completely fail to engage with any of the points or questions asked of you in response. Nobody is dancing for anybody - you are just failing to make any case for your beliefs. The problem for you is that this is indistinguishable from somebody who hasn't a clue what they are talking about and is just making stuff up.
SteelyBob
I have yet to see anyone justify reasonably justify the existence of a force called gravity. They trot out a measure of acceleration and call that g.
The earth is not moving. It is stationary.
We trot out a measure of force. That would never vary at all if said where found at a various locations) and:Quote would never vary at all if said where found at a various locations) and:
...objects are also more dense than the air above them so why would they fall down and not up?
^Another RE just typing stuff for laughs.
Forget about falling for a second, and consider objects at rest. If I hang a one kilo weight on a spring screwed into the ceiling, the spring will stretch by a certain amount. There is a force acting on the weight. That force has to be something. We can measure it, and we can very accurately model and predict its behaviour. If not gravity, then what, exactly? We know that F=MA, as we can prove this using scenarios in the horizontal plane - kids do it at school using ticker tape timers and small carts on tracks etc. Knowing this, we can establish what the force is acting on a particular mass due to gravity, and therefore what the acceleration, g, due to gravity is. What are you proposing as replacement for this model? If I have a 1Kg weight, what is the force acting downwards on it? How would you work that out?
And yes - I said 'downwards'. I don't see why that is a triumphant gotcha for you. I am of course referring to whatever is 'down', local to you, the observer. Hence putting it in quotes.My eyes.
I see a different fluid, hereinafter labeled "WATER," and how it acts on objects descending through it, causing the objects to behave differently within the period of descent due to the nature of currents and varying pressures.
No reason to believe aether, another fluid, would not behave likewise.Do you see me asking you to justify Aesop or the Brothers Grimm?
I don't care about you justifying anything.
Just don't trot out a measure of acceleration, label it GRAVITY!!!, and expect that label to go unchallenged.
Forget about falling for a second, and consider objects at rest. (but bouncing on a spring)...
Are you gonna make up your mind anytime soon?Forget about falling for a second, and consider objects at rest. (but bouncing on a spring)...
Are you gonna make up your mind anytime soon?
Is the concept of a mass, at rest, on the end of a spring too much for you? And please don't change other people's quotes - that's very bad form indeedI haven't conjured up anything. The aether surrounds you as we write.
We can measure the force of the pressure applied by the aether and its currents.
SteelyBobSteelyBobFTFY...
Okay, whatever trips your trigger
[/quote]
That just doesn't make any sense at all. I said at rest, you said bounce. Whatever. | eng | be4b473e-24ef-499c-b747-a43b4726352d | https://forum.tfes.org/index.php?PHPSESSID=slmuh4fq8huhat5e0mel1tc2eg&topic=20009.msg280248 |
You are here
IS IT LUST OR LOVE? (Part 6)
AUDIENCE: What if a person wants to sort of serve the Supreme Person but he's not yet finished with trying to enjoy the world? What should he do?
JAGAD GURU: He should try to increase his desire to render service to the Supreme. In other words, he should not say, "Well, I'll get into that later. I'll just get into spiritual things when I'm finished trying to enjoy the world."
One time, a person asked whether or not he should try to develop spiritually while he still has material attachments and is not completely finished trying to be the enjoyer of the world. And the answer of the saintly persons and scripture is really quite clear. A person should immediately begin—no matter how advanced or not advanced spiritually he is—to engage in those spiritual processes by which lust can gradually and automatically be changed back into its natural condition of spiritual love.
You have to start from where you are. You don't become pure first. Don't think, "Well, I'm going to get pure first. Somehow I'm going to be purified by my materialistic activities or I'm going to be purified by my own will. Then when I get purified of lust, I'll go and find out about spiritual life and start engaging in spiritual activities." This is stupid.
You can't purify yourself and you're not going to get more purified by having more sensual activities. In other words, it's foolish to think, "Well, I'll get it out of my system by going to prostitutes every night." Forget it! The more you scratch, the more you itch. The more you have, the more you want. You're not going to get purified or somehow get it out of your system. You don't get lust out of your system. It's just like you don't get rid of arsenic in your system by eating more arsenic. That's stupid.
The more you engage in hedonistic activity, the more attached to that activity you become. The more stuck you become. It's just like the story of the tar baby. Brer Rabbit punched the tar baby and got his hand stuck. He said, "Well, I'll just stick my other hand in there to get my hand out!" That obviously didn't work and both his hands got stuck. He used his feet and they got stuck too. So he ended up quite stuck from all angles.
Similarly, you don't fool around thinking, "Well, I'll try all these materialistic lifestyles, get purified later and then come find out about spiritual life." No, it will never work that way. You have to begin from where you are right now. And as you engage in spiritual activities (bhakti yoga), then you will find that gradually you are actually becoming spiritually purified and your lust is transformed into spiritual love. This is what's needed. | eng | aaebeb31-4bea-4f57-a910-34e80fe402fa | https://www.siddhaswarupananda.com/is-it-lust-or-love-part-6 |
50 Sequels Better Than the Original
This is a list of personal opinion about movie sequels better than their original. There's more than one Star Wars and X-men installment because there are 3 different SW trilogies and there is the X-Men saga and the Wolverine trilogy | eng | 92cfecb0-dbbe-4a50-b15a-5d4d622f8e5f | https://www.listchallenges.com/50-sequels-better-than-the-original |
Abe, who faced criticism for being too relaxed in his initial response to the outbreak, has sought the power to prepare for a "worst case scenario."
The bill would grant the power to the prime minister for two years.
The legal change would allow the prime minister to declare a state of emergency if coronavirus infections spread rapidly across the country and fears are raised of a grave impact on people's lives and the economy.
Once an emergency is declared, prefectural governors can instruct residents to stay indoors and ask for schools to close and events to be canceled.
Local governments can also demand that essential supplies such as medicine and food be sold to them. They can temporarily take over private land and facilities to provide medical care | eng | 257b8b68-56de-4b47-b28c-a49cbd5d8ea5 | https://lite.poandpo.com/politics/cabinet-oks-bill-to-give-abe-ability-to-declare-emergency-amid-wuhan-coronavirus-outbreak-1032020617/ |
Robotics Collaboration
What is Robotics Collaboration?
Robotics collaboration is the use of robotic technology to facilitate a collaborative effort between humans and machines. This could involve robots working together with humans in a shared workspace, or robots being used to automate complex tasks, allowing humans to focus on more creative or complex tasks. Robotics collaboration has the potential to improve productivity, efficiency, and safety in the workplace.
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...tributor of doosan robotics and rethink robotics collaborative robots in Sweden. Our experience with robots together with a network of partners and integrators gives us the opportunity to support you in your autom...
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... standards & high speed are key for you Robotics Collaborative, compact, lighweight and enduring solutions to meet your needs Life Science Quality & specific materials to guarantee all of us well-being Mining Reli...
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...OS is a proud participant of the SPRINT Robotics Collaborative. The Collaborative exists to promote the advancement of robotic technologies for use in inspections and maintenance applications on capital infrastruc... | eng | 0874f237-289f-42dc-be21-e2c7cf6ea60c | https://ensun.io/search/robotics-collaboration |
Oxford English: An International Approach: Exam Workbook 4
Chris Akhurst
Description for Oxford English: An International Approach: Exam Workbook 4Paperback. Specifically designed for the international classroom and written by a CIE examiner, this exam workbook for IGCSE English as a Second Language provides a wealth of prepared activities and worksheets to improve students' skills for the written tasks of the exam. Num Pages: 80 pages. BIC Classification: 4MG; YQCS. Category: (ES) Secondary. Dimension: 281 x 221 x 6. Weight in Grams: 180. Written by a CIE examiner, this exam workbook for IGCSE as a Second Language provides a wealth of prepared activities and worksheets to improve students' skills for the written tasks of the exam. These activities follow topics from the Students' Book and use examples from the reading material to make tasks relevant and meaningful. Activities develop skills in reading comprehension, note-making, summary writing, formal and informal writing, including essay planning and information transfer. It is ideal for in-class or homework support and reinforcement of learning.
Product Details
Publisher
Oxford University Press United Kingdom
Number of pages
80
Format
Paperback
Publication date
2010
Condition
New
Weight
180g
Number of Pages
80
Place of Publication
Oxford, United Kingdom
ISBN
9780199127269
SKU
V9780199127269
Shipping Time
Usually ships in 4 to 8 working days
Ref
99-7
Reviews for Oxford English: An International Approach: Exam Workbook 4
The student workbook is also a great combination of writing, grammar and vocabulary building activities. It is right at their level, and it incorporates the multiple intelligences. Kathleen Jasonides, American Community College of Athens, Greece | eng | 0ffe78fe-ea06-4c66-946b-0929bb509046 | https://www.kennys.ie/other-categories/international-gcse-igcse/oxford-english-an-international-approach-exam-workbook-4 |
Trainings
Serious Illness Conversation Guide (SICG) Training
Purpose
The Serious Illness Conversation Guide is a tool that helps clinicians understand their patients' goals and values and incorporate them in clinical decision-making. The person-centered questions in the guide explore:
A patient's understanding of their illness,
their preferences for information,
their personal goals,
their fears and worries, as well as their sources of strength,
the abilities they find most important to their daily life and the tradeoffs they are willing to take for the possibility of more time, and
how much the people who matter to the patient know about their wishes.
Approach
Participants will gain communication skills using the Serious Illness Conversation Guide through a practice-based approach that involves both independent and group learning. Participants will:
Explore the importance of serious illness conversations and how they can result in better care for people who are seriously ill.
Outline the evidence that links the Serious Illness Care Program to outcomes that support the quadruple aim of health care.
Experience the Serious Illness Conversation Guide as part of a structured approach for ensuring the delivery of serious illness conversations.
Practice the communication skills necessary to use the Serious Illness Conversation Guide, receive feedback to improve those skills, and integrate these skills into your practice.
Training events
Disclosure
The content of this activity is not related to products or services of an ACCME-defined ineligible company, also known as a commercial interest; therefore no one in control of content has a relevant financial relationship to disclose.
CME Credit
This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of the Washington State Medical Association (WSMA) and the Washington State Hospital Association. The WSMA is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The WSMA designates this Other activity (blended learning from enduring material, live course and practice conversation) for a maximum of 4.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Registration
Building Physician Skills in Basic Advance Care Planning
Nearly all physicians agree that advance care planning conversations are important, yet more than half report feeling unprepared to do so. Not surprisingly when physicians learn how best to engage in ACP conversations, they report they are more likely to have those conversations. They also describe the conversations as very important for their patients. More than that, the physicians find the conversation professionally rewarding.
Designed for physicians and advanced practitioners, the three-module online course, Building Physician Skills in Basic Advance Care Planning, will enhance your ability to:
Guide and document basic ACP conversations with patients and families.
Successfully integrate and bill for basic ACP in everyday practice.
The interactive course allows the learners to work through real-life scenarios, analyze sample ACP conversations, and practice skills like answering patients' questions and selecting appropriate billing codes. Valuable features include an assortment of downloadable tools and resources, such as a basic ACP conversation guide. The primary goals of basic advance care planning are to explore a person's goals and values, and to name and prepare their health care agent.
This activity has been approved for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Participants will earn Maintenance of Certification Part II credits upon successful completion of all three modules.
Honoring Choices® Pacific Northwest, jointly sponsored by the WSMA Foundation and the Washington State Hospital Association, has partnered with Respecting Choices® to offer the online course to physicians and advanced practitioners in Washington state. Through a grant from The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the online modules are free of charge for WSMA members and members of the Honoring Choices PNW initiative until February 2021. Get started at wsma.org/BasicACPModules.
It starts with a conversation
Don't wait for a crisis. Communicate your wishes about care you want if you cannot speak for yourself. Make and share decisions today to reduce the burden on your loved ones tomorrow. | eng | 662f99ae-ed39-461f-b187-81f1c8447cec | https://www.honoringchoicespnw.org/trainings/ |
I have a quick question. I might have a simple dataviewjs code, which prints something to the console. Everytime I type something somewhere in the document the code runs and in this case logs to console. Is there a way to run it only ones, lets say when I open the document? I would like to allow some user inputs in my notes using pop up windows but this makes it impossible. Thank you. | eng | 4c60a5ff-fa7f-4532-8415-0ada0e4c59fc | https://forum.obsidian.md/t/dataviewjs-my-code-keeps-running-all-over-again-after-every-change-in-the-document/48399 |
5 Recycle Bin settings on Windows 11 you should know
The Recycle Bin changes very little over time. It's where deleted files are stored until you empty the Recycle Bin, recover files, or run out of space. When the Recycle Bin is low on memory, it deletes the oldest file in the Recycle Bin to make space for the newly deleted files.
Like most Windows users, you've probably never bothered to do something with the Recycle Bin. Knowing how you can have more control over the Recycle Bin and deleted files will be helpful when using your computer for work. Let's explore what you can do with the Recycle Bin in Windows 11 in the following article!
1. How to increase or decrease the storage space in the Recycle Bin
Recycle Bin does not store your files forever. The Recycle Bin is automatically configured to have a certain percentage of the partition size for the purpose of storing files you delete while running Windows. Older files are automatically deleted when the reserved space is used up to accommodate new files.
If you regularly delete files in the hope that you can always recover them from the Recycle Bin if needed, you should be careful with the size of the files you delete. In addition, you can increase (or decrease) the dedicated storage space for deleted files in case you often need to recover files from the Recycle Bin.
You can change the amount of reserved storage in the Recycle Bin properties. Right-click the Recycle Bin and select Properties. Click on the C drive and find the Maximize size field.
Now define a specific size in MB to adjust the reserve. Remember that 1GB is equivalent to 1024MB, so you'll need to do some math if you want your Recycle Bin to store files in gigabytes.
Change the amount of storage available for the Recycle Bin
When you're done, click OK to save and exit.
You can also change the storage size for other drives on your PC, but not external hard drives. For older versions of Windows, you can refer to the article: How to change the storage capacity for Recycle Bin in Windows 10/8/7 for more details.
2. How to permanently delete files without putting them in the Recycle Bin
If you are someone who never needs to recover deleted files, you can skip the extra step and set the file to be deleted directly. There are two ways to do this.
First, you can simply use the Shift + Delete keyboard shortcut to delete files permanently without putting them in the Recycle Bin.
Second, you can change the Recycle Bin settings so that even if you delete files without using keyboard shortcuts, the files will be deleted forever.
You can do this from the Recycle Bin properties section. Right-click the Recycle Bin and select Properties. Check the option next to the text that says Don't move files to the Recycle Bin. Remove files immediately when deleted.
Permanently delete files without putting them in the Recycle Bin
Click OK to save and exit. Now, when you delete an item, it's permanently removed immediately instead of going to the trash.
3. Enable confirmation before deleting files
If you tend to delete files by mistake when using your PC, you can turn on confirmation to not delete important files. This is especially true if you have changed your Recycle Bin settings so that files are permanently deleted without ever being put in the Recycle Bin.
You can enable validation from the Recycle Bin properties section. Right-click the Recycle Bin and select Properties. Check the box next to the text that says Display delete confirmation dialog.
Enable confirmation prompt before deleting files
Select OK to save and exit.
Note that you can still permanently delete files with keyboard shortcuts whenever you need to.
4. How to empty the Recycle Bin on a schedule
Windows 10 has introduced a great feature called Storage Sense. You can leave your Windows cleaning to Storage Sense. It basically acts as an alternative to third-party tools like CCleaner to a certain extent.
If you're using Windows 10 or 11, you'll be able to use Storage Sense to automatically empty the Recycle Bin after a certain number of days. You can set up Storage Sense to delete files in the Recycle Bin after 1, 14, 30, or 60 days.
It is not possible to set a separate number of days for each file. All files in the bucket will be deleted every 30 days. For example, if the last cleanup was 29 days ago, all files in the recycle bin the next day will be emptied, including those you deleted today.
You can set up Storage Sense from the Settings app. Press Win + I to launch Settings and navigate to System > Storage > Storage Sense.
Automatically clean Recycle Bin with Storage Sense
Find the option called Delete files in my recycle bin if they have been there for over and select the number of days. The default value is set to 30.
5. How to add Recycle Bin to system tray
If you're a heavy Recycle Bin user, accessing the desktop or searching for the Recycle Bin in the Start Menu every time you want to open it can be frustrating. Fortunately, you can put the Recycle Bin in your system tray and access it directly, eliminating unnecessary clutter.
There is no built-in option to add the Recycle Bin to the system tray on Windows. You will need to rely on third-party tools like TrayBin or MiniBin | eng | 0b4e42d4-dbaa-42db-b323-03494807317d | https://thewindowsfan.com/5-recycle-bin-settings-on-windows-11-you-should-know/ |
A large and deep bowl (thermos cup) made of heat-resistant glass with a removable brewing flask and a lid. Due to the double walls, the surface of the bowl does not heat up, and the tea cools down more slowly than in ordinary bowls. | eng | 60dd1546-4029-4602-baff-85242d79e083 | https://artoftea.global/products/double-wall-glass-brewing-cup-350-ml |