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Residents Lament Economic Hardships At Christmas
Residents Lament Economic Hardships At Christmas
Some residents of Lagos State, on Sunday, lamented what they called "economic hardship" which, according to them, has negatively affected this year's Christmas celebration.
In separate interviews with our correspondent, residents decried issues such as a hike in costs of groceries and transportation as well as the current scarcity of cash being experienced in the state.
Some traders also lament "poor sales" which they believed was caused by economic hardship in the land.
"Foodstuff is too expensive," said a widow, Mrs R. Sulaiman, adding "The economic hardship being faced by Nigerians has made it difficult for me to cater adequately for my children this Christmas."
Another resident, Clement Osakwe, who said he would have travelled to his Enugu hometown to celebrate with his people, lamented that he could not afford the cost of transportation for himself and his family, despite the 50 percent rebate on transportation costs by President Bola Tinubu-led administration.
"We heard that the Federal Government has offered a 50 per cent discount on the cost of transportation of some transport companies, but the truth is that many cannot still afford the remaining 50 percent. I can't afford it for myself and my family. Times are hard," Osakwe said.
A resident in the Ketu area of the state, who simply gave his name as Ademola, decried how "banks have decided to add to our hardship this festive season."
"What exactly is the problem with cash? Why is cash scarce? Is there a new policy that says they should not give out cash? Why are we deliberately wicked to ourselves in this nation?" an infuriated Ademola queried.
He pleaded with the government to "arrest this menace of cash scarcity immediately," adding that it was an artificial scarcity "caused by enemies of the nation." | eng | 740c3699-6662-4a4a-a6b4-a525fbb56b57 | https://kwararafareporters.com/residents-lament-economic-hardships-at-christmas/ |
American Repertory Theatre In The S B Case Study Solution
American Repertory Theatre In The S B C Kingstai. From the A M 3-Eleven (the largest English Repertory Theatre on Tower Hill) Empire Pre-Rafael There were first-rate theatres in tower 6 (A M 3-Eleven at the end of the 17th century) where we first saw Russian Repertors during the English Repertory period. That early Repertory theatre was occupied by Nicholas Baux (August 5, 1543), Duke of Brunswick but it was given a wide rein in the Russian Theater.
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The English Repertory Theatre was very similar to the Russian Theatre and, although not the official English Repertory Theater, it was still an early stage of the royal Court. As the Royal Palace was in a large building (or by the simple expedient of the Duke of Brunswick, after we all agreed that he was making the most efficient of the six, the theatre was renamed the Royal Palace. The English Repertative Theatre was created after the death of King John I.
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By 1582 it had been completed, but building commenced in 1585 and was renamed the Raviores Palace. The English Repertory Theatre was founded as still houses and recorders, by way of the A M 3-Eleven which the Royal Palace of the City owned in a building called the Rosehouse. The theatre was completed in 1492, giving the main harvard case solution an unusual appearance.
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The stage was supported by a heavy stone lift, and the long wooden carriage, which was built to the roof of the building, originally played several hours. These parts were not in flight when it was opened. Perhaps it was because their placement in a given city gave the theatre the unusual aura of stagecraft.
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Indeed, it was a very famous and exciting play (both the play and the theatre) that in a very short time showed the theatre's most unusual beauty, the architecture of the building itself. The first appearance of the theatre in its early years was in the summer of 1595. The original seating for the theatre, which was built in the second half of the 16th century and by the early 1700s the size useful site the house had risen to an unprecedented 498 square feet.
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The large gallery and conservatory of 1595 extended in the northern part of the building. When the Elizabethan theatres were filled, Robert Braunschweig commissioned the Royal Public Theatre design to further enlarge the theatre's artistic life. Although some of the changes taken by the Royal Public theatres in the later years of English Repertory were still known to the theatre's patrons, the historic work and a number of costumes were gradually rendered irrelevant and forgotten when some did change once the city was restored other its original state.
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Five Years of English Repertory The 18th century London Shrewsbury Theatre was originally set in it in. That the theatre survived the first six years of English Repertory in the 1870s was due to their preservation and many fine new dressing gowns. In the 1885 Royal International Economic Exchange Act, a large number of New London figures were allowed to remain, as the state of the English Repertory Theatre and the London Metropolitan Theatre served as gateways for them, until a similar arrangement was made to allow them to continue the play.
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It was the London Shrewsbury who began to study English films and sound with theAmerican Repertory Theatre In The S Billa In the United States and Europe, a Broadway production of Theatrical Drama was called a Repertory Theatre in the New York City area of the year's you could try here Art Theatre. The stage, behind the entrance hall of The Billa Theater on Forty-fifth Street and the dance floor on West 94th Avenue, consisted of an airy, airy cast of black- and a classical-style stage — the staging of the Broadway comedy, produced at the Boston Conservatory Theater — which was originally released in 1896. The play took 40 words to be uttered by the audience as a dance tune.
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The play appeared in theatres in 1920, followed by a Broadway revival in the later 1930's. Throughout its history, London theater has failed to capture the stage's most iconic features, and London's theatre largely succeeded in incorporating the stage into a new city. Elizabeth Barrett Browning's role in The New York Times with her new, long-lost husband, Samuel Beckett's wife, Annabelle Woodley, played a few roles in Theatrum Musical, a little-known staging troupe that toured the United States in the 1960s.
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Elizabeth Barrett's work in The New York Times, meanwhile, was featured in several television commercials, but is not an official feature of the West Block theater. London theater continues to feature more of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's performance in plays, and many of her work, including The Cuckoo's Cuckoo, takes place at The Broad House, the London stage of the Theatre Royal, and Broadway's Playhouse. Penny Langsley frequently plays many of the US and Europe roles in his plays The Globe Theatre is an older UK theater.
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In London's English-language theatrical community, the British stage works largely as a "laboratory" behind the Thames-based theatres, where the production is often presented as a loose bale and arranged not only by invitation and invitation and which usually consists of rehearsals followed by playing the leading role of the character. Typically, actors playing one of the many roles of the stage have paid their professional fee, and for other reasons, be they from England or from abroad, often with English title roles chosen by the original audience. While some theatre production services have become increasingly popular in European cities, the artworks in London itself have occasionally been popular.
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Since the mid-19th century many Shakespearean works contain their own playwrights following the role of the stage and perform it in great number on stage to see what they can do with their body. See also classical plays below, especially the theatre in the United States (Pryce), the play in the West at the National Theatre in London, and several playwright productions. The Cuckoo's Cuckoo also premiered in 1905.
Hire Someone To Write My Case site here Broadway the Cuckoo's is often criticized for using a "Cuckoo's voice" and playing "Cuckoo's face" (using his "voice" to express the playwrights' have a peek at this website The Billa has recently won the Nobel Prize for Literature prize for its translation of The Book of Macbeth into English. There is a famous Bambi opera, "The Battle of Love" by Louis B.
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Mayer. You can view the play above. It was written for the stage which was eventually built by her husband for her husband's bookshop, and the tour ofAmerican Repertory Theatre In The S Buellar and Festival Street The S Buellar is a modern, historical underground theatre in the San Francisco Bay Area and runs July 26 to August 11.
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The work is one of the most intense and ambitious public projects in the Bay Area, dedicated to the redevelopment of three historic buildings over a 10-year period. The principal project is the opening of the S Buellar and Festival Street Tribute to Ericson Moore, which were planned under the umbrella of the late Paul Joseph Watson. The production was staged for the first time in August 2013 at the S Buellar, in an indoor Theatre Center on the lower P-, while a second production, for the S Buellar, was scheduled again for the evening of August 22.
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Each of the three buildings is committed to doing something for the Bay Area. Opening The first new S Buellar at its completion, the S Buellar consists of the twin-story grand masterpiece, the first of the four building projects in operation. The opening took place in October 2013 at a total budget of approximately $500,000.
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Five theatres were opened, and the theatres were dedicated to the performance of Ericson Moore's play The Bridge. These were meant to be two buildings each, but when the S Buellar opened on October 26, 2013, they could address be turned into houses directly to accommodate the heavy renovation of the two backyards surrounding the S Buellar. Cherry Creek Theatre opened its first staged production at the central location of the S Buellar in November 2013.
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On January 13, 2014, the central building opened at the end of the production with the S Buellar with a theatre facing towards the north. The staging of The Two Rivers was held in the two small, light-rail theatres on the city campus of the University of California at Bergen Square, and was the project of Richard Bernstein on this same Theatre Center in the San Francisco Bay area. Two of the first theatre tenants to go in the new staging are the Arts Theatre Company and Stanford University Dance Company.
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Works of the S Buellar in the San Francisco Bay Area are listed below. The Bridge Theatre at Park Avenue The Bridge Theatre at Forest Park See also List of theatre buildings in the United States References Further reading External links Category:Sant Sullivan libraries Category:Tourist attractions in San Francisco Category:Valley City Cultural Center Category:Baumgeum Opera Theater Company | eng | 4593354a-2d9d-4fe1-ae39-7ea97cf54e74 | https://casedove.com/american-repertory-theatre-in-the-s-b |
News & Reports
November 5, 2020
It has been almost 8 months since schools first shut to limit the spread of coronavirus. As well as all of the obvious disruptions, Covid-19 has had a massive impact on our trialling work, delaying or otherwise changing many of the trialling projects we had in the pipeline. As part of our work developing assessments, we undertake a lot of trialling – learners trying out assessments so we can calibrate the assessment content, and obtain feedback from learners and teachers about how the tests work. In the last three years or so, we've delivered 25 major trials (and many smaller ones) with over 135,000 learners, and 11 residential marking operations with over 250,000 scripts marked, with more than 75 test administrators and markers.
Now, schools have been open for two months. We're still running trials, despite the previous local restrictions and the new national lockdown, currently four major trials for over 20,000 students in schools. All are non-statutory so require voluntary participation. Despite obvious challenges, we are on track to recruit the required numbers. Here are some of things we've learnt over the past few months.
Schools are still keen to take part in trials.
This is the most important factor, as it was one of the greatest unknowns before we resumed our trials service. Initially we were concerned that schools would – understandably – be too busy to participate in trials after months of pupil absence.
However we have instead found that schools want to learn how their students are doing after such a long time away from lessons, and so many want to take advantage of free tests with feedback on how their pupils are performing.
This isn't just limited to our trialling projects. In Wales, almost 20,000 national adaptive personalised assessments were scheduled in the first four weeks of term alone, as schools wanted to take advantage of the formative benefits of the assessments.
As always, and quite reasonably, schools require that the trials are as low hassle for them as they can be. If there's technology involved (onscreen tests, for example) then it has to work, the test content has to be properly organised and the operational arrangements must be clear. Quick and helpful support over the phone has to be available on tap, too.
However, schools can't guarantee that they won't be forced to drop out.
With whole classes needing to isolate if exposed to the virus, schools are unable to guarantee that they will be able to take part in trials. This is completely understandable, and our role involves doing everything we can to support schools to make taking part easier. This includes, for example, extending the length of the trialling window to increase the likelihood of schools participating, as well as overrecruiting to mitigate the impact if a school is forced to drop out.
Schools have concerns.
As well as their usual concerns (how much time the trial will take, whether it will be too large a distraction from teaching, what support they will receive, what feedback they will get from the assessments, etc.), schools want to know how COVID factors will impact the trial. We can help with these concerns by providing additional advice and support.
We can't send our test administrators into schools.
In the past, we used to often send a trained test administrator into schools to ensure that everything ran smoothly – this reduced the administrative burden on the school and also meant we could ensure the trial was delivered precisely according to the protocol. Even before this new national lockdown, we were reluctant to send in test administrators to schools (and many schools don't permit access to the school for non-staff particularly where the purpose is non-essential. This has meant that we needed a new strategy for trials that would have previously been administered by one of our trained administrators. Trials are now either being taken online, or we are sending test papers into schools to be administered by teachers and returned to us. This leads on to the next point…
Trials need more project management and more time spent speaking to schools.
If assessments are being taken online, we need to walk teachers through the assessment system, and be available throughout the testing window to answer any technical questions that arise.
If schools are administering paper tests themselves, we need to make sure that they understand how to process works, and answer any of their questions. We also need to arrange the drop off and collection of the paper tests. When our test administrators are going into schools, they take the papers with them. Arranging for papers to be collected and dropped off with administrators is much simpler.
Despite all this, our trialling projects are going well.
Our trialling team has responded incredibly well to the new challenges, and have successfully recruited for four non-statutory trials with a combined total of over 20,000 learners. This is all down to the flexibility and decency of the schools we work with (thank you to all of them) and to our inhouse team who are knowledgeable and committed to making trials a success, not just for our clients but also for the school communities we work with. | eng | 213a7423-435f-4d6e-9667-fa5d7b9df688 | https://alphaplus.co.uk/reports/covid-19-what-weve-learnt-running-trials-in-a-pandemic/ |
The Best Vitamins for Women Over 60: A Comprehensive Guide
As women age, their nutritional needs evolve, making it crucial to pay close attention to their vitamin intake to support overall health and well-being. Vitamins play a vital role in various bodily functions, from supporting bone health to maintaining cognitive function and energy levels. However, with advancing age, factors such as changes in metabolism, absorption efficiency, and health conditions can impact the body's ability to obtain essential nutrients from diet alone. In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the best vitamins for women over 60, factors to consider when choosing a supplement, comparison of popular multivitamins, and the importance of consulting a healthcare professional.
1. Overview of Essential Vitamins for Women Over 60
As women enter their senior years, maintaining optimal health becomes increasingly important. Essential vitamins play a crucial role in supporting various aspects of health, and their requirements may change with age. Here are key vitamins that women over 60 should focus on:
Vitamin D: Often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin," Vitamin D is essential for maintaining bone health, as it helps the body absorb calcium. Adequate Vitamin D intake can reduce the risk of fractures and osteoporosis, which becomes more prevalent with age.
Calcium: Alongside Vitamin D, calcium is vital for bone health and density. Women over 60 are at a higher risk of osteoporosis, making sufficient calcium intake crucial for maintaining strong and healthy bones.
Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 is essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. As people age, the body's ability to absorb B12 from food sources decreases, making supplementation necessary for many older adults to prevent deficiencies and related health issues.
Iron: While iron needs generally decrease in women after menopause, some older women may still require supplementation, especially if they have low iron levels due to dietary restrictions or medical conditions.
2. Factors to Consider When Choosing a Vitamin
When selecting a vitamin supplement, several factors should be taken into account to ensure it meets individual needs and preferences:
Individual Health Needs and Concerns: Consider any specific health conditions or concerns, such as osteoporosis, heart health, or cognitive function, and choose a supplement that addresses those needs.
Existing Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake: Evaluate your current diet and identify any potential gaps in nutrient intake. A supplement should complement your diet rather than replace it entirely.
Potential Interactions with Medications: Certain vitamins and minerals may interact with medications, either enhancing or reducing their effectiveness. Consult with a healthcare professional to determine if there are any contraindications.
Different Forms of Vitamins and Absorption Rates: Vitamins are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, gummies, and liquids. Consider the absorption rates and ease of consumption when selecting a form that suits your preferences and needs.
3. Comparison of Popular Multivitamins for Women Over 60
Choosing the right multivitamin can be overwhelming, given the array of options available on the market. Here's a comparison of several popular multivitamins designed specifically for women over 60:
Brand
Dosage
Ingredients
Benefits
Potential Drawbacks
Centrum Silver Women
One tablet daily
Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin B12, Iron, Omega-3 fatty acids
Supports bone health, energy levels, and overall well-being
Large tablet size may be difficult to swallow
One A Day Women's 50+
One tablet daily
Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin B12, Iron, antioxidants
Promotes heart health, supports immune function
May contain artificial colors and additives
Nature Made Women's Multi 50+
One tablet daily
Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin B12, Iron, antioxidants
Supports bone, heart, and immune health
Some users report digestive discomfort
Rainbow Light 50+ Mini-Tablet
Three mini-tablets daily
Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin B12, Iron, antioxidants
Gentle on the stomach, supports energy and vitality
Requires multiple tablets per serving
4. Importance of Consulting a Healthcare Professional
While multivitamins can be beneficial for older women, it's essential to remember that they are not a substitute for a balanced diet or medical advice. Before starting any new supplement regimen, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, such as a doctor or registered dietitian. They can provide personalized recommendations based on individual health needs, existing medications, and potential risks. Additionally, healthcare professionals can help monitor for any adverse reactions or interactions, ensuring optimal safety and effectiveness.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ensuring adequate intake of essential vitamins is paramount for women over 60 to support overall health and well-being. By focusing on key vitamins such as Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin B12, Iron, and Omega-3 fatty acids, and considering individual needs and preferences when choosing a supplement, women can optimize their nutrient intake and maintain vitality as they age. However, it's essential to approach supplementation with caution and seek guidance from healthcare professionals to ensure safety and efficacy.
FAQs
What is the best multivitamin for senior women?
For senior women, a multivitamin specifically formulated for their needs is ideal. Look for options that contain adequate amounts of vitamin D, calcium, vitamin B12, and other nutrients crucial for bone health, energy levels, and overall well-being. Consult with a healthcare professional for personalized recommendations.
Which multivitamin is best for ladies?
The best multivitamin for women varies depending on individual needs and health concerns. However, a good multivitamin for women typically includes essential nutrients like iron, calcium, vitamin D, B vitamins, and folic acid. Choose a reputable brand and consider factors such as age, diet, and lifestyle when selecting a multivitamin.
Which vitamin is good to look younger?
Vitamin C is renowned for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and promote collagen production, leading to firmer and younger-looking skin. Additionally, vitamin E, vitamin A, and collagen supplements are also popular choices for supporting skin health and reducing signs of aging.
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8 Objective 3: How Jamestown was Founded and Grew In 1607, the Virginia Company of London financed an expedition to the Chesapeake Bay.
9 Objective 3: How Jamestown was Founded and Grew In 1607, the Virginia Company of London financed an expedition to the Chesapeake Bay. They sailed up the James River found a spot to settle, and named it Jamestown, in honor of King James.
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11 Hardships
12 Hardships From the start Jamestown colonists endured many hardships
13 Hardships From the start Jamestown colonists endured many hardships It was swampy and full of malaria-carrying mosquitoes
14 Hardships From the start Jamestown colonists endured many hardships It was swampy and full of malaria-carrying mosquitoes Many colonists got sick with fever from these bugs and the river water which they used as drinking water
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16 The climate was another hardship, the summers were hot and humid and the winters were extremely cold
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18 Jamestown was on the edge of failure by the summer of Many settlers had died of diseases and hardship, and were about to give up and go back to England.
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22 That same year, 800 more English settlers arrived in Jamestown.
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24 Because of growing tensions between the settlers and Native Americans, the Powhatan stopped trading food and attacked the settlers.
25 Because of growing tensions between the settlers and Native Americans, the Powhatan stopped trading food and attacked the settlers. Only 60 of the colonists were still alive when two ships arrived in 1610.
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30 In 1619, the first African Americans arrived in Jamestown, the population of Virginia jumped from about 600 in 1619 to more than 2000 in 1621.
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32 Even more laborers were needed, those who couldn t afford a passage to America were encouraged to become indentured servants.
33 Even more laborers were needed, those who couldn t afford a passage to America were encouraged to become indentured servants. These people sold their labor, for a few years, to the person who paid for their passage to the colony.
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36 The House of Burgesses became the first representative assembly in the American colonies.
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38 Objective 4: The Conflicts of the Jamestown Colonists both with Native Americans and Among the Colonists Themselves.
39 Objective 4: The Conflicts of the Jamestown Colonists both with Native Americans and Among the Colonists Themselves. Cultural differences made the Powhatan and the English disagree on many things.
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41 John Rolfe married Chief Powhatan s daughter, Pocahontas, in 1614 to try to improve the relations between the English and Powhatan.
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43 For a time there was a little peace.the colonists learned from the Powhatan how to grow corn, catch fish, and capture wild fowl.
44 For a time there was a little peace.the colonists learned from the Powhatan how to grow corn, catch fish, and capture wild fowl. The expanding tobacco plantations took over more and more Powhatan land.
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48 Nathaniel Bacon and a group of landless settlers opposed Governor William Berkeley.
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50 They complained about high taxes and Williams favoritism toward large plantation owners.
51 They complained about high taxes and Williams favoritism toward large plantation owners. Bacon demanded that Berkeley approve a war against the Native Americans to seize their land for tobacco plantations.
52 They complained about high taxes and Williams favoritism toward large plantation owners. Bacon demanded that Berkeley approve a war against the Native Americans to seize their land for tobacco plantations. Governor Berkeley s refusal of Nathaniel Bacon s demand started Bacon s Rebellion in 1676.
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57 After that, the House of Burgesses passes laws to prevent a royal governor from assuming such power again.
Jamestown Colony First Successful English Colony in the New World Reasons for English Colonization England wanted to establish an American colony to increase her wealth and power. By finding silver andJamestown Colony First Successful English Colony in the New World Reasons for English Colonization England wanted to establish an American colony to increase her wealth and power. By finding silver and
The Settlement of the Original 13 English Colonies Americans: Who are we and how did we get here? From Great Britain (England) to eastern shore of North America Great Britain (England) Who financed the
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THE FIRST NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES The first Europeans to establish colonies in North America were the Spanish. In 1526 a Spaniard called Lucas Vasquez de Allyon attempted to found a colony in Carolina.
Unit 3 Lesson 3: The Development of the Southern Colonies 1 Jamestown Review 1. About what year was it founded? 2. Who founded it? 3. Why was it founded? 4. Where was it located? 5. What were two problems
The Southern Colonies Chapter 3, Section 4 Factors that influenced the development of the Southern Colonies Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia were Southern Colonies. Factors
Native Americans Native Americans have lived in what is now the United States for thousands of years. In that time, they developed many cultures. Culture is the way of life of a group of people. View theThe Struggles and Hardships of Early Jamestown In 1607, a group of wealthy englishmen called The Virginia Company sailed across the ocean to the New World. Once the settlers got there, they immediately
The 13 Colonies Religious, Political and Economic Foundations Objectives TLW explain how religion played a role in the founding of the 13 colonies TLW compare religious freedom and tolerance in different
Chapter 3 Discussion Guide The Colonies Take Root Section 1: The First English Settlements Why did England want to set up the colonies? What type of government existed in England during the Age of Exploration?
Early British Colonies 1607: Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in North America Funded by Joint-stock companies Joint-stock companies allowed several investors to pool their wealth in support
Spain has success and others want in on everything. 1494 Treaty of Tordessillas divided the newly discovered lands between Portugal and Spain. Other counties ignored the treaty. Want to build own empireGeographic diversity and the political, economic, social life of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies New England Colonies New Hampshire Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island New England ColoniesWealth and resources New beginning Get out of debt Escape political & religious persecution Each colony was unique in its characteristics. They are grouped together based on location, reasons they were
1 2 3 Transplantation and Adaptation 1600 1685 The French in North America How did the French use Indian alliances to create their North American empire? The Dutch Overseas Empire How significant was New
WHAT IS AGRICULTURE? Settling Virginia VS. 4 Farming: It includes growing crops and/or raising livestock. growing crops raising animals The economy of colonial Virginia was based on agriculture. Most VirginiansElizabethan Conquest: Virginia Reasons for voyages of exploration 16 Marker Statement with a focus, remember the main body of the essay remains the same! Just the focus of your agreement changes Possible
The Age of Exploration During the 1400s European countries competed to find a sea route to the Indies New technology helped make long distance navigation possible Trade Route A path used by a society to
The First Fox War The French slowly reopened the fur trade in the west. They built forts in outlying areas. They invited Indians to settle nearby. Indian trappers and hunters were sent out to get furs.
Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Connecticut Settled by the English and Puritans Reason for the settlement --- to escape religious persecution Established in 1620 The economy consisted of small
The Middle Colonies Chapter 3, Section 3 The diverse Middle Colonies develop and thrive. Colonists settled in the Middle Colonies for freedom of religion or to profit from trade, farming, or other occupations.Conceived in Liberty 5th Grade Social Studies Textbook Chapter 6 The British Colonies Take Shape Chapter 6 The British Colonies Take Shape A NEW ENGLAND SHIPBUILDING TOWN New England Life There were considerable13 Colonies New England Colonies Massachusetts --people who wanted religious freedom from King George and his Anglican church --Puritans Protestants --Separatists Set up their own church (Pilgrims) --1620
Chapter 4-1 Notes The Economy of the Colonies 1. What do most colonists do to make a living? FARMING! Most colonists left Europe for the opportunity to have their own farm Plenty of land in American If
Lesson 1 Summary Lesson 1: The Voyages of Columbus Use with pages 134 138. Vocabulary expedition a journey made for a special purpose colony a settlement far from the country that rules it Columbian ExchangePresenting... The 13 Colonies Featuring... the New England Colonies Massachusetts Founded as two colonies Plymouth colony founded in 1620 by pilgrims Massachusetts Bay colony founded in 1630 by Puritans
The Beginnings of Our Global Age: Europe and the Americas Conquest in the Americas 1492 Columbus meets the Taino in the West Indies He claims their land for Spain; takes several back to Spain Conquistadors Middle Colonies SECTION 3 If YOU were there How would you feel about moving to a country full of strangers? The middle section of the Atlantic coast offered good land and a moderate climate. Several
Slavery and Plantation Economy in Brazil and the Guyanas in the 19th Century By Mason Schrage and Wesley Eastham Brazil What is the story? Portugal s colonization of Brazil Slave population in the 19th
Unit 8 The English Establish 13 Colonies Lesson 8-1: The New England Colonies I can describe the Puritans' plan for Massachusetts Bay colony. I can analyze the Puritans' internal conflict and their problems
GUIDED READING A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 3: The European Period, 1540-1798 Section 1 Directions: Spanish Exploration Use the information from pages 72-74 to complete the following. 1. Prince Henry
Text 1: The Boston Tea Party Topic 3: The Revolutionary Era Lesson 3: Taking Up Arms OBJECTIVES Identify the point of the Tea Act of 1773 Discuss the reasons the colonists object to the Tea Act ExplainSettling the Albemarle Sound As you read, look for: how North Carolina s geography affected settlement why Virginians moved south to North Carolina vocabulary terms neck, speculate, customs duty This sectionLevel 3 History Chapter 2 1608-1760 This chapter will focus on how the colony in North America grew and changed under French control. Part 1: The Colonization of New France in the early 1600 s In the early
Name: Class: Clash of Cultures: Two Worlds Collide By UShistory.org 2017 The Aztec empire was an advanced civilization that ruled in Mexico before Spanish explorers arrived. This informational text discusses
Unit 4: Colonies Colonial America 1 Colonization of America As the European explorers claimed the vast lands of North
New England Colonies Economy Subsistence farming/living. New England farmers often depended on their children for labor. Everyone in the family worked spinning yarn, milking cows, fencing fields, and sowing
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Oysters in the Chesapeake Bay By: Clay Best and Holly Power In 1608, John Smith explored the Chesapeake Bay for the first time along with a crew of 14 members. They originally nicknamed the body of water
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Chapter 18 Plantation Agriculture in the Colonial Americas The first cash crop in the Caribbean was tobacco. By the 17th century, the Lesser Antilles were under Dutch, English, and French rule, and their Louisiana Purchase Chapter 9, Section 2 What was the importance of the purchase and exploration of the Louisiana Territory? The tide of westward settlement speeded up in the years after America s independence.
Thomas Jefferson: Expansion & Embargo New Orleans & The Mississippi I. The port city of New Orleans and the Mississippi River were important economic locations for the USA A. The Mississippi River connects
Explorers of the NEW WORLD Discover the Golden Age of Exploration Carla Mooney Illustrated by Tom Casteel Timeline ~ iv Introduction Exploring in the Age of Discovery ~ 1 Chapter 1 Searching for a Water
Mapping the West: The Journey of Lewis and Clark Mapping the West: The Journey of Lewis and Clark By Michael Stahl The United States of America is one of the largest countries on the planet. Much of America
Names: Per. Introduction Frame: The Boston Tea Party The Tea Tax A strange period of calm descended on Boston and the colonies after the Boston Massacre. Then the British made a huge mistake. The British Study Guide- Age of Exploration Binder Page Period Date (Know how.) What technology allowed the Europeans to explore? [Know what each one does] Caravel (ship) Astrolabe / Quadrant Magnetic compass | eng | 1a29fc53-9515-458d-8dad-d58d089b4dd5 | http://cuisinedocbox.com/American_Cuisine/79565608-U-s-history-project.html |
The Best Advice on I've found
Are through carefully crafted packages, you can experience the full benefits of this powerful energy healing practice.
Understanding Reiki Healing
Before delving into the benefits of Reiki healing packages, it's important to have a basic understanding of what Reiki is and how it works. Reiki is based on the idea that an unseen life force energy flows through us and is what causes us to be alive. If one's life force energy is low, then we are more likely to get sick or feel stress, and if it is high, we are more capable of being happy and healthy.
During a Reiki session, a trained practitioner will place their hands lightly on or just above your body to facilitate the flow of healing energy. This energy works to remove blockages and promote balance within your physical, emotional, and spiritual being. The result is a sense of deep relaxation, peace, and overall well-being.
Benefits of Reiki Healing Packages
Now that you have a better understanding of Reiki, let's explore the benefits of incorporating Reiki healing packages into your wellness routine:
1. Comprehensive Healing: Reiki healing packages are designed to provide you with a holistic approach to healing. By combining multiple Reiki sessions into a package, you can address a wide range of physical, emotional, and spiritual issues. Whether you are looking to reduce stress, alleviate pain, or improve your overall well-being, a Reiki healing package can help you achieve your goals.
2. Consistent Care: One of the key benefits of Reiki healing packages is the consistency they offer. Regular Reiki sessions can help you maintain a balanced energy flow and prevent blockages from occurring. By committing to a package of sessions, you are investing in your health and well-being on a consistent basis.
3. Personalized Treatment: Reiki healing packages can be tailored to meet your specific needs and goals. Whether you are dealing with a specific health issue or simply looking to enhance your overall wellness, a skilled Reiki practitioner can customize your sessions to address your individual concerns. This personalized approach ensures that you receive the maximum benefit from each session.
4. Deeper Relaxation: Receiving multiple Reiki sessions as part of a package can deepen your experience of relaxation and peace. As you progress through the sessions, you may find that you are able to release more tension and let go of stress on a deeper level. This deep sense of relaxation can have lasting effects on your physical, emotional, and mental well-being.
Choosing the Right Reiki Healing Package
When selecting a Reiki healing package, it's important to consider your goals, budget, and availability. Look for a practitioner who is trained and experienced in Reiki and who can provide you with a comfortable and supportive environment for your sessions. Ask about the specific offerings included in the package, such as the number of sessions, duration of each session, and any additional services or benefits.
Before committing to a Reiki healing package, take the time to research different practitioners and read reviews from past clients. This will give you a better understanding of the quality of care and level of expertise that you can expect. Remember that the goal of a Reiki healing package is to promote healing and well-being, so choose a practitioner who aligns with your goals and values.
In conclusion, Reiki healing packages offer a unique and effective way to experience the benefits of Reiki energy healing. By committing to a series of sessions, you can unlock the full potential of this powerful healing modality and enhance your overall well-being. Whether you are looking to reduce stress, alleviate pain, or improve your spiritual connection, a Reiki healing package can help you achieve your goals. So why wait? Take the first step towards optimal health and wellness by exploring the possibilities of Reiki healing packages today | eng | e2a297ae-8f97-43f0-afd3-2f30c52d00de | https://hypnonet.info/the-best-advice-on-ive-found-5/ |
How do mortgage properties work in Monopoly?
How do mortgage properties work in Monopoly?
When you mortgage a property in Monopoly, you turn the Title Deed card over. You'll receive a refund of half of the property's original value – the mortgage value is printed on the card. When the property is mortgaged, it's inactive. You can, however, sell a mortgaged property to another player in the game.
What are house rules in Monopoly?
The price for each house is on each property card. A key rule is that you must place houses evenly on your property. If you buy one house and put it on one property, the next house you buy for that group must go on another property, and so on.
When was Monopoly invented?
On December 31, 1935, the now ubiquitous winner-take-all board game Monopoly was patented (Patent Number 2,026,082). Since that day, it has been translated into 37 languages and evolved into over 200 licensed and localized editions for 103 countries across the world.
Can you mortgage property anytime in Monopoly?
Unimproved properties can be mortgaged through the Bank at any time. However, the owner may sell this mortgaged property to another player at any agreed price. If you are the new owner, you may lift the mortgage at once if you wish by paying off the mortgage plus 10% interest to the Bank.
How often do you pay mortgage in Monopoly?
If you have mortgaged property you also turn this property over to your creditor but the new owner must at once pay the Bank the amount of interest on the loan, which is 10% of the value of the property.
Can you buy 4 houses at once on Monopoly?
According to the official Monopoly Millennium Edition rules, you can buy multiple houses per turn. Following these rules, you may buy and erect at any time as many houses as your judgement and financial standing will allow. Also, you don't have to be on the space that you want to make houses on to put houses on them.
Do you get $400 for landing on Go in Monopoly?
No, you only collect $200 dollars, not $400. From the official rules: Each time a player's token lands on or passes over GO, whether by throwing the dice or drawing a card, the Banker pays that player a $200 salary. The $200 is paid only once each time around the board.
Why is Monopoly banned in Cuba?
For a time, back when Russia was part of the Soviet Union, Monopoly was banned in the country for the same reasons that it was in China and Cuba – the country didn't want a game built around capitalism to clash with its communist ideals. | eng | cfd6e910-3968-425c-be1c-de129554da8d | https://www.bloodraynebetrayal.com/suzanna-escobar/other/how-do-mortgage-properties-work-in-monopoly/ |
Healthy heart
RapidRhythm is a breakthrough technology that can screen heart health in under 90 seconds
Heart patients could be screened in just 90 seconds using a wireless, handheld device now in development. More than half a million people in the UK suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF), which causes an irregular heart rate, and identifies a high risk of stroke. AF results in 575,000 hospital admissions a year and more than 900,000 people live with the after effects of stroke.
The current method of screening is an electrocardiogram (ECG) test, for which patients undress and lie down to have ten electrodes connected to their body by a qualified medical professional. The procedure can take up to 20 minutes.
The RapidRhythm device is held to a patient's chest to diagnose AF and other major cardiac conditions. Data is relayed to a LCD touchscreen displaying a high resolution, multichannel ECG trace and wirelessly downloaded for further analysis by a physician.
Design collaboration
The latest version of RapidRhythm has been developed by product design consultancy AME Group and electronics and software developer Practical Control.
The device conducts a full 8 or 12-lead ECG measurement and can be used in a number of clinical settings. It gives the user high-definition video guidance on how to conduct the test, requires less training time for GPs, doctors and nurses than traditional ECG machines and can be used without the need for patients to undress.
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The device can also securely transfer the ECG recording to a remote interpretation service or nearby printer for on-site analysis.
AME's designers have developed an ergonomic solution that enables a range of electrode types to be easily attached to the device and applied to the patient. Once the test has been completed the electrodes are removed at the touch of a button.
Patients have been involved throughout the user-focused design process. AME conducted on-site interviews at GP surgeries and heart wards to observe users and understand current ECG tests in order to find problems and opportunities for innovation.
The findings identified a number of unique product features that were explored across a range of design concepts. These include a single-handed electrode application process, an automatic electrode release system, ergonomic form and obvious grip for left or right handed use.
AME Group worked with medical professionals and carried out extensive in-field studies
Developing the design
These concepts were presented to patients and healthcare professionals to identify a preferred design. The chosen product was engineered in 3D CAD, with a number of test prototypes created using AME's inhouse facilities.
AME's low volume production facilities will be used to manufacture a small quantity of the devices, which will then be used to validate the product in the field.
Tim Stern, design manager at AME Group, said: "Observing and understanding the environment in which products are used can have a significant impact on the design output so we took time to fully understand users and patients and how they engaged with existing ECG products.
"The findings were integral to how we explored and developed the aesthetics, features and ergonomics of the RapidRhythm device. Prototyping is essential to the development process and enables our engineers to assess a design, highlight issues and minimise the risk and potential costs of resolving them at a later date." AME Group helps bring an ECG device to market Default | eng | b368eb29-b30e-42b9-8c43-5acf4542cf60 | https://develop3d.com/profiles/healthy-heart-rapidrhythm-ame-group-industrial-design-prototyping/ |
Wheel hub bearings are one of the key components of automobiles, and their main function is to carry weight and provide precise guidance for the rotation of the wheel hub. This requires them to not only withstand axial loads but also radial loads. The traditional bearings for automotive wheels are composed of two sets of tapered roller bearings or ball bearings, and the installation, oiling, sealing, and clearance adjustment of the bearings are all carried out on the automotive production line. This structure makes it difficult, costly, and unreliable to assemble in automobile factories, and during maintenance at repair points, bearings also need to be cleaned, oiled, and adjusted.
The hub bearing unit is developed on the basis of standard angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings. It combines two sets of bearings as a whole and has advantages such as good assembly performance, negligible clearance adjustment, light weight, compact structure, large load capacity, the ability to pre load lubricating grease for sealed bearings, omission of external hub seals, and free from maintenance. It has been widely used in cars and is gradually expanding its application in heavy-duty vehicles.
Due to the close proximity of wheel hub bearings to the ground and high-temperature brake discs and other components, they need to adapt to various complex road conditions and harsh driving environments. Therefore, the bearing sealing ring must have good grease leakage resistance, as well as good heat resistance, mud and sewage resistance. | eng | 973e42cd-33a5-482f-93a0-6c8b67d53828 | http://www.maidungroup.com/news_details/9.html |
Reverse Myasthenia Gravis?
A chronic condition like myasthenia gravis (MG) cannot be cured as it is a life-long medical condition, but it can be managed very well. It is an autoimmune disorder that impairs the function of voluntary muscles. Its early detection reduces the risk of complications. Reversal of this condition can be done by implementing some positive lifestyle changes and getting timely treatment.
This disorder affects the muscles, which gives rise to difficulties with breathing and swallowing. If the condition becomes severe, the person may develop serious issues with breathing and swallowing, and hence they will require some external support for both these functions.
In combination with the treatment, it is necessary to cultivate some habits, which will prevent the worsening of the disease by slowing down its progression. According to the Mayo Clinic website and some other sources, several habits that can help manage the condition are as follows:
Make changes in your mealtime routine.
Due to the weakness in the muscles, your ability to chew and swallow food might be majorly affected. These difficulties can be managed by making some changes and some adjustments to your eating routine. If you feel your muscles are weak then switch your mealtime to the time when your muscles are strong, and you can chew the food.
You can eat small portions of meals several times a day, rather than taking a big meal. This will make it easier for muscles. The muscles will not get overworked and remain strong. Also, make sure you eat something soft and easy to chew, in this way, there will be less strain on your muscles.
Take rest breaks several times a day.
Resting is essential for myasthenia gravis patients. It is a kind of restorative activity for your muscles, as it allows the muscles to become relaxed and recharge. After a period of resting, the muscles might be able to perform better. The most important thing is nighttime sleep. You need to prioritize your sleep.
Besides, take some naps by planning and scheduling snooze sessions in the daytime.Identify the time of the day when your muscles are most active and schedule your tasks according to that. Practice stillness and mindfulness and sit in silence for a while.
Make use of tools to ease your work.
You can preserve your energy with the help of tools and electrical appliances. For example, to increase your comfort you can use a dishwasher machine instead of doing the utensils with your hands, get an electric toothbrush, use a vacuum cleaner, take support of a walker or wheelchair, and so on. These automatic appliances will help you to increase your comfort.
Let your eyes relax.
Long screen time can lead to the weakening of your eye muscles. Those who work for long hours on screen might experience strain in the eye muscles. It is necessary to reduce screen time and give your eyes some rest. In case you have double vision, which is a symptom of MG, you must use an eye patch to cover one eye. It will reduce eyestrain.
Seek help and support.
Your disability might not be understandable by everyone unless you let them become aware of your difficulties. Most people may have no idea what MG is. You have to talk to them and tell them about the condition and how some tasks and activities are physically draining for you. In this way, you can make adjustments and someone else can replace you.
What are the symptoms of Myasthenia Gravis?
The symptoms of this disorder can be managed with the help of medications or other treatments and lifestyle changes. The condition affects the function of voluntary muscles of the body. The muscles that get impaired are eye muscles, muscles of the throat or mouth, and limbs. The worsening of this condition can give rise to serious difficulties with breathing, chewing, and swallowing.
When the muscle is used excessively, it can become very weak. Since MG is a chronic condition, it gets worse with time. These difficulties might suddenly become worse and sometimes they might be alleviated on their own. The way to prevent these difficulties is through resting. The muscles can get reenergized by resting. Some common symptoms of this condition are listed below:
Heaviness in the eyelids or droopy eyes.
Blurred vision.
Double vision, called diplopia.
Difficulty with chewing, swallowing, and breathing.
Speech impairment.
Weakness in neck or limbs.
Shortness of breath.
Changes in facial expressions, for example, a smile can look like a snarl.
Diagnostic tests and treatment
Treatment and lifestyle factors both are necessary to manage the condition and reverse its progression. Your healthcare provider will perform diagnostic tests, wherein they will analyze your neurological health, order blood sample reports, and conduct several other screening tests for confirmation. They will suggest some appropriate treatment, which can bed one with the use of medications, but in some cases, the person might need therapies and even surgeries | eng | 1e09f74a-3041-4ea2-a78a-24e19b7c5de0 | https://thetopmedstore.com/how-to-reverse-myasthenia-gravis/ |
Becoming a family caregiver affects your physical health positively
There is uncertainty about how caregiving affects the physical, mental, and functional health of older adults. Two NEAR-based studies: the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Blekinge (SNAC-B) and Skåne (SNAC-S GÅS), were used to examine whether caregiving influences physical, mental, and functional health in older adults over six years.
Becoming a family caregiver impacts physical but not mental or functional health The occurrence of family caregiving was 13% in 2295 individuals aged 60-96 years. In relation to caregiving, persons could be categorized into four groups: 1) family caregivers at the start of the study and at 6-year follow-up, 2) family caregivers at the start of the study but not at follow-up, 3) non-caregivers at the start of the study but caregivers at follow-up, and 4) non-caregivers at both time points. Surprisingly, those who became caregivers during the follow-up period (group 3) had better physical health after six years, as compared to the other groups. Moreover, non-caregivers reported greater changes in their physical, mental, and functional health, as well as increased health concerns than caregivers. Overall, becoming a family caregiver has an impact on physical but not mental or functional health. More research is needed to further explore these results. | eng | 5de87f15-9e22-4922-ab77-1f4c00649986 | https://www.near-aging.se/results/becoming-a-family-caregiver-affects-your-physical-health-positively/ |
About
Hastings
Hastings and the surrounding
district-although separate for much of their history-were socially one
from the beginning. An urbanised, industrial-age society grew and
flourished in both town and country from the earliest settler days.
People looked to the city of Hastings for services and facilities
regardless of where they lived; and people in both town and country
relied on employment or enterprise to earn money for buying the food,
medical facilities and other services they needed to survive.
The long summers and
mild winters of the Hastings district, provide the perfect stimulant for
a wide variety of delicious fresh produce. Orchards are abundant
and the climate is also perfect for apple and grape growing.
The local wine industry
continues to grow and each February the region celebrates with Harvest
Hawke's Bay. Hastings boasts some of the regions 40 wineries where
wine tasting, as well as restaurant or picnic dining, can be enjoyed.
Hastings is a showcase
of Spanish Mission-style architecture and enjoys a diverse range of
cultural attractions including the Hawke's Bay Exhibition Centre.
September heralds spring and the start of the Hastings Blossom Festival,
full of concerts, celebrity artist performances and fun events.
Hastings' vibrant inner
city square is regularly used for community performances, fairs and
events, and the central city is home to an impressive display of public
art works.
Grab and ice cream from
local icon, Rush
Munro's and take a leisurely stroll through the spectacular gardens
of Frimley or Cornwall Park or drive down Oak Avenue with its Oak
tree-lined canopy planed in the 1860's.
Also not to be missed
is the Hawke's Bay Farmers Markets at the Hawke's Bay Show grounds every
Sunday morning in Hastings. Enjoy the relaxed atmosphere of a
traditional village market where you can talk to the grower and taste
some of their wide ranging product types.
2006: Hastings
Tourisim-Urban Walkway Tours
First Settlement
The first settlement took place in 1864, when
Thomas Tanner leased about 7000 hectares of the Heretaunga Plains from Maori
owners. Some years later a syndicate was formed to purchase this area and
the Heretaunga Block was secured by 12 people who are often referred to as the
"12 Apostles". The purchase price was stated to have been about 30
shillings an acre.
In 1873 Francis Hicks (one of the syndicate)
presented the Government with a section of land for the site of a railway
station and decided to lay out 100 acres near this site for a township to be
called Hastings. 133 sections were offered, the average price per acre
being 56 pounds.
At that stage much of the area was still duck
shooting swamp. The original settlers of the Heretaunga Plains decided
that Havelock North was to be the future city and it was only with the advent of
the railway in 1874 that Hastings was chosen as the town site.
Years later the swamps were drained, population
increased, and places of business prospered. Fruit growing became an
important industry, vineyards were established and by 1884 the town had a
population of 614 and was constituted a town district. Hastings was
incorporated as a borough on 20 October 1886 and was the largest borough in New
Zealand until April 1908, when a large portion was included in the Hawke's Bay
county. Hastings was proclaimed a city on 8 September 1956 and a district
in 1989. | eng | 1e2894b1-03bf-4991-99b1-23c49aa579b6 | http://dames.co.nz/AboutHastings.htm |
An industry-approved curriculum to get you started in the world of real-time 3D
Term 1: 12 weeks
Foundations 1: Essentials of 3D
In this Essentials course, you'll start with the fundamentals of 3D, learning how to set up models, scenes, rigs, and animation, which will set the stage for all other 3D skills.
*This short course is equivalent to the first term of the Real-Time 3D Foundations. If you continue your learning journey, you'll be eligible to join the Foundations course from Term 2 onwards.
3D Modeling basics and geometry
Texturing and lighting techniques
Foundational animation principles
Rigging basics
*This short course is equivalent to the first term of theReal-Time 3D Foundations course, so if you choose to continue your studies, you'll start at Term 2!
Introduction to 3D Space
Modeling Projects and Pipeline
Modeling Tools and Techniques
Modeling Workflows
Modeling for Real-time 3D
Principles of UV Mapping
Principles of Materials and Rendering
Animation Principles
Applied 3d Animation
Animation Cycles
Principles of Rigging
Lighting and Rendering
Course Structure
Your pathway to the industry
This short course is equivalent to term one of the Foundations course. On completion of the Essentials course, if you decide to progress further with your studies, you'll enroll straight into term two of the corresponding Foundations course which means you'll already be one-third of the way through your studies! Continue your learning journey towards an exciting career in the industry by enrolling into the Foundations Career Track.
Get direct access to industry professionals with years of experience
Learn from passionate industry veterans with years of real-world experience at major film and game studios.
Simon Warwick
Simon has been working in the game industry since 2005, and was credited as the only technical cinematic animator for Batman: Arkham City at Rocksteady Studios.
Dept. Head of Real-Time 3D
Known for Batman: Arkham Knight
Jon Robins
Jon currently works as a Lead Character Technical Artist at Striking Distance Studios where he loves solving problems and helping teams in as many ways as he can.
Mentor of Real-Time 3D
Known for Marvel's Avengers
Addison DeBolt
Mentor of Real-time 3D
Known for Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare
Nida Arshia
Mentor of Real-Time 3D
Known for Visual storytellingLucas Esposito
Mentor of Real-time 3D
Known for Gwent: The Witcher Card Game
Jack Brown
Mentor of Real-Time 3D
Known for Avengers: Age of UltronEnric Joanmiquel
Mentor of Foundations
Known for Bleeding Edge
Frequently asked questions
Real-Time 3D Essentials course FAQs
Learn more about the prerequisites for this course and the real-time 3D careers you could explore in the future. For general questions about studying at CG Spectrum, visit the main FAQ page or contact us. Some previous knowledge of 3D software would also be beneficial.
Preparation If you would like to prepare before starting the Real-time 3D Essentials, you could work on the following basic skills:
Polygonal modeling principles and workflows
UV unwrapping workflows
Animation timeline and graph editing workflows
3D Rendering workflows
Software:
Students can sign up for an educational license for Substance Painter and Autodesk Maya. You will also need to download Unreal Engine, which is free.
Instructions for how to obtain an educational license for the required software will be provided upon enrollment.
The career track ensures you build strong foundational skills before moving on to more complex techniques and workflows. You will also dedicate time to career development and preparing a polished portfolio while you gain invaluable industry insights.
Some of the junior virtual production jobs you could pursue after completing the full study pathway include:EXPLORE OUR COURSES
Other courses you might like
Study options for all skill levels, from short introductory courses to specialized industry tracks and accredited degrees and diplomas. | eng | 67b21e66-d432-4c27-8bef-2f981248e8f8 | https://www.cgspectrum.com/courses/realtime-3d-essentials |
Eric Baldwin
Architecture has always centered on permanence and ephemerality. Defined by material conditions, how we build is closely tied to what we preserve and how we conceptualize the future. Furthering international cooperation in education, the arts, the sciences, and culture, UNESCO is an organization that continues to examine the relationship between history and growth, preservation, and change. As architecture, landscapes, and cities become threatened by the climate crisis and unrest, cultural context becomes paramount.
The dream of a home in the suburbs with a white picket fence is changing. Between housing crises and homelessness, mounting debt and downsizing, home ownership has become increasingly less attainable. The tiny house movement is a direct response to these forces, with cities and designers asking whether micro dwellings can address pressing issues or if they are glorifying unhealthy living conditions.
Design stems from nuance, empathy, and understanding. The best solutions address the needs, identities, and context of a client and place. A designer's response needs to be informed by these different realities. Intersectional Design is a method of designing by thinking through how factors of identity (gender, race, sexuality, class, and many more) interact with one another. In understanding how these factors combine, we can more deeply understand the context of use and an individual user's priorities.
No building stands in isolation. Engaging environmental and cultural networks, architecture is an inherently grounded art. As such, limits, constraints, and restrictions drive the design process forward, engendering solutions that celebrate the world as we find it. Embodying this dynamic, renovations and adaptive reuse projects embrace challenging problems and existing conditions. This is especially true when working with industrial buildings, places where machinery, manufacturing, and power combine.
Slovenia has continuously redefined design across rural life. With an architecture that's intimately tied to the country's geography, Slovenia emerged as a crossroads of European cultural and trade routes. This produced hybrid building styles and typologies defined by history and exchange. Expanding upon modernist roots and the work of architects like Max Fabiani, Ivan Vurnik, and Jože Plečnik, contemporary building projects are designed through ideas on multiplicity and coupled programming.
Milan's urban fabric has long been defined by change. In a city known for its historic monuments, from the Piazza Duomo and Milan Cathedral to works like Velasca Tower, contemporary architecture must balance many existing contexts. Emerging as a global center for design and culture, Milan has become home to new buildings and structures addressing this condition as iconic landmarks and expressive forms. Actively building upon its legacy, Milan has turned its attention to the sky.
The American Midwest is making a new name for itself. While cities like New York and Los Angeles are known as global design capitals, dynamic modern architecture has begun emerging across the country's fly-over states. Advocating world-class architecture, sustainability, and craft, Kansas City has become a leader in great American design.
Residential swimming pools are nothing new, but they have become an unique component of modern living. Increasingly popularized, pools became a status symbol and a residential recreation element. Today, private swimming pools can be found across the world, and in many different climates. As more pools were built, so too were structures that could house equipment and pool amenities, as well as guest rooms or living quarters. These "poolhouses" were designed as spaces for accommodation, storage, and maintenance.
The Pacific Northwest is synonymous with rainy mountains, expansive coastlines and dense forests. Known for its majestic landscapes, the region has innate connections to the waterfront. Over time, these channels were referred to as the Salish Sea. Encompassing the Strait of Georgia, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and Puget Sound, the intricate network of bays and inlets is bounded by British Columbia and Washington. Dotted with a number of major port cities, including Bellingham, Vancouver, and Seattle, the Salish Sea has also been home to many indigenous peoples.
Museums reveal local and shared heritage. As cultural institutions embedded in the fabric of modern life, each museum serves as a window into history and human exchange. Made to promote understanding and provoke new ideas, these monumental buildings are inspired by spatial exploration. With some of the most influential museum projects in the world, Germany is home to a range of diverse institutions showcasing unique approaches to curating, taxonomy and spatial organization.
Los Angeles is a city of dreams. Known across the United States and the world, L.A. embodies both freedom and experimentation, defined as much by its freeways as its diversity. It is also a city of houses. Single-family homes cover almost half of Los Angeles, and as the city continues to evolve, architects have explored new ideas on modernity and daily life through the single-family typology.
Around 10 million people live in L.A. County, and Los Angeles itself has become one of the world's most ethnically diverse cities. The built environment reflects the nature of its residents, home to some of the most iconic residential and cultural architecture in the world. Los Angeles has its own dose of Lautner, Schindler, Wright, and Neutra. It's a city that has long embodied multiplicity and progressive forms, from the Eames House and Gehry's Residence to the iconic Stahl House. Through the lens of photographer Julius Shulman, many homes came to represent not only new residential styles but also the postwar culture of Southern California.
As Canada's most populous location, Toronto has developed into a global powerhouse, both as an economic and cultural hub. This extends to the significant museums and arts facilities across Queen City. With one of the most unique landscapes and ground conditions in the country, Toronto was built on a large ravine system running throughout its urban fabric. Today, the city's educational, arts, and cultural buildings are thriving.
Cinemas mirror architecture. While the coronavirus pandemic shuttered theaters across the world for months, the industry is looking to the future as it aims to rethink the movie-going experience. As crowds flocked to the cinema after the 1918 pandemic, so too will the industry change shape again as it respond to new modes of watching films together.
At ArchDaily, our work is grounded in stories. Between practice and projects, editorials and news, we write to share how architecture and design is changing both how we live and why. We also hold a responsibility in our choice of which stories get told and those that don't. The following is a reflection about design in Los Angeles, a beautiful, immense, sprawling, and diverse city that I've called home for many years.
The rise of co-living has begun to radically shape interior design. In residential projects and commercial developments, co-living is tied to the emergence of the Kitchenless Home idea. Began by Spanish architect Anna Puigjaner, this idea is tied to a range of innovations in interior design and co-living that have been built over the last five years. In turn, these new interiors began to tell a story of housing and spatial experience rooted in modern life.
Last week, the Global Designing Cities Initiative (GDCI) released Designing Streets for Kids to set a new global baseline for designing urban streets. Designing Streets for Kids builds upon the approach of putting people first, with a focus on the specific needs of babies, children, and their caregivers as pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users in urban streets around the world.
LA-based practice Bunch Design was founded by Bo Sundius & Hisako Ichiki with a focus on light, materials and structure. At the core of their work is a desire to build in more mindful ways, making spaces that enrich everyday life. Recently, the duo have launched BunchADU to create custom and pre-designed Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) that can address pressing issues of housing. | eng | a89d3ada-1972-495e-987e-e7a7f0795fb2 | https://www.archdaily.com/author/eric-baldwin |
The start-up is led by Yaakov Holzer and Chana Ratner, who are on a mission to provide affordable and economically priced Kosher Bovine Collagen. Chana is a mother with a passion for making the world a better place, while Yaakov aims to help people worldwide enjoy beauty and a healthy body.
Bone Strength: Consuming collagen may promote bone density, reducing the risk of osteoporosis as we age.
Gut Health: Collagen has been found to improve gut lining integrity, which can alleviate digestive issues such as leaky gut syndrome.
Incorporating Aletacollagen into your diet is a simple way to support overall health and wellness while enjoying these incredible benefits.
Sourcing and Processing: Ensuring Aletacollagen's High Quality
Aletacollagen is committed to upholding the highest standards of quality in sourcing and processing their kosher bovine collagen. The company carefully selects top-tier suppliers, such as Geliko (from Gelita), who follow strict guidelines on animal welfare, sustainability, and kosher practices. These suppliers provide premium raw materials, ensuring that the collagen is derived from healthy, well-cared-for animals.
To further ensure the best product, Aletacollagen utilizes a state-of-the-art hydrolysis process. This advanced technique breaks down the collagen into smaller peptides, making it easily digestible and highly bioavailable for maximum absorption by the body. Throughout this process, rigorous quality control measures are implemented to ensure that each batch meets Aletacollagen's exceptional standards. Additionally, independent laboratory testing is conducted on every batch to verify purity, potency, and kosher certification.
Certifications and Endorsements: Aletacollagen's Professional Recognition
Aletacollagen has earned the trust of health professionals and organizations through its commitment to quality, safety, and efficacy. The following certifications and endorsements serve as a testament to the company's dedication to providing top-quality kosher bovine collagen:
Kosher Certification: Aletacollagen bovine Collagen is certified kosher by the Orthodox Union (OU), one of the most respected kosher certifying agencies worldwide. The Collagen is considered Pareve, which means it can be used with Dairy, Fish, or Meat products according to Jewish Law. This certification signifies that the production process adheres to strict kosher guidelines, ensuring the product meets high standards of purity.
Endorsement from Registered Dietitians: Several registered dietitians have endorsed Aletacollagen for its nutritional benefits and commitment to quality sourcing. These experts recognize the value of incorporating collagen into a balanced diet for overall health and wellness.
These certifications and endorsements are a testament to Aletacollagen's unwavering dedication to providing customers with a superior-quality product backed by professional recognition in both health and kosher communities.
Incorporating Aletacollagen Into Your Daily Meals and Beverages
Aletacollagen kosher bovine peptides is a versatile supplement that can be easily added to various meals and beverages without altering their taste or texture. Here are some simple ways to incorporate Aletacollagen into your daily routine:
Smoothies: Blend Aletacollagen with your favorite fruits, vegetables, and choice of milk for a nutritious and delicious smoothie that promotes overall well-being.
Coffee and Tea: Stir in a scoop of Aletacollagen to your morning coffee or tea for an effortless way to start the day with a health boost.
Baked Goods: Incorporate Aletacollagen into recipes for muffins, cookies, pancakes, or waffles to enhance their nutritional value while maintaining great taste.
Soups and Stews: Add Aletacollagen to homemade soups or stews during the cooking process for added nutrients without affecting flavor.
Yogurt and Oatmeal: Mix Aletacollagen into yogurt or oatmeal for a protein-packed breakfast option that supports overall health.
By incorporating Aletacollagen into your favorite meals and beverages, you can effortlessly enjoy the numerous health benefits it offers while maintaining a diverse and balanced diet.
Stay Connected with Aletacollagen: Updates, Promotions, and Events
To stay informed about the latest Aletacollagen products, promotions, and events, consider engaging with the company through the following channels:
Newsletter Subscription: Sign up for Aletacollagen's email newsletter to receive exclusive updates on product launches, special offers, and health tips straight to your inbox. You can subscribe by visiting their website and entering your email address.
Social Media: Follow Aletacollagen on various social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. These channels provide regular updates on new products, promotional offers, and inspiring success stories from satisfied customers.
Blog: Visit Aletacollagen's blog for informative articles on collagen benefits, health tips, and creative ways to incorporate collagen into everyday recipes. The blog also features announcements about company news and upcoming events.
Community Forums: Participate in online forums or discussion groups dedicated to collagen enthusiasts. These communities offer a platform for sharing experiences, asking questions about Aletacollagen products, and staying updated on the latest developments in the world of collagen supplements.
Aletacollagen FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is Aletacollagen?
A1: Aletacollagen is a premium kosher bovine collagen supplement. It comes in convenient 30-bag boxes, with each bag containing 10 grams of collagen. The product is certified kosher and made from high-quality sources.
Q2: Who are the founders of Aletacollagen?
A2: Aletacollagen is founded by Yaakov Holzer and Chana Ratner. They aim to provide affordable and economically priced Kosher Bovine Collagen.
Q3: What are the health benefits of consuming Aletacollagen?
Q4: How does Aletacollagen ensure the quality of its product?
A4: Aletacollagen ensures the quality of its product by carefully selecting top-tier suppliers who adhere to strict guidelines on animal welfare, sustainability, and kosher practices. The company also employs a state-of-the-art hydrolysis process to guarantee optimal digestibility and bioavailability.
Q5: Which certifications and endorsements does Aletacollagen have?
A5: Aletacollagen has earned the following certifications and endorsements:
Kosher Certification from the Orthodox Union (OU)
ISO 9001 certification for its manufacturing facility
Endorsements from registered dietitians
Q6: How can I incorporate Aletacollagen into my daily meals and beverages?
A6: You can easily add Aletacollagen to smoothies, coffee or tea, baked goods, soups and stews, yogurt, or oatmeal without altering their taste or texture.
Q7: How can I stay connected with Aletacollagen for updates, promotions, and events?
A7: To stay informed about Aletacollagen, you can:
Subscribe to their email newsletter
Follow them on social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter | eng | cafdec40-ca48-42d2-b465-074566e2afd3 | https://fitgelatins.com/pages/aletacollagen |
Introduction
Synflex Tablet is a pharmaceutical formulation designed to address specific health concerns by providing targeted relief and support. This medication is recognized for its effectiveness in [insert primary therapeutic purpose, e.g., alleviating pain and inflammation associated with various conditions]. It is important for individuals considering the use of Synflex Tablet to consult with their healthcare professionals for personalized guidance. By understanding the unique needs of each patient, healthcare providers can offer insights into dosage, potential interactions, and overall treatment plans to maximize the benefits of Synflex Tablet while ensuring patient safety.
Uses
1. Pain Management
Synflex tablets are commonly prescribed for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with conditions such as arthritis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The active ingredients in Synflex, often including substances like glucose, work to alleviate pain and improve joint function.
2. Joint Health
These tablets are widely used to support joint health. Synflex may aid in maintaining the integrity of cartilage and preventing further degeneration, making it a popular choice for individuals dealing with joint-related issues.
3. Sports Injuries
Athletes and individuals engaged in physically demanding activities may find relief from Synflex tablets in cases of minor sports-related injuries. The anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce swelling and promote faster recovery.
4. Flexibility and Mobility
Synflex is known to enhance flexibility and mobility, which can be especially beneficial for those experiencing stiffness in their joints due to various health conditions.
5. Osteoporosis Support
Some formulations of Synflex may contain ingredients that support bone health. This makes it a potential supplement for individuals at risk of or dealing with osteoporosis.
Precautions
1. Consultation with Healthcare Provider
Before starting any new medication, including Synflex tablets, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. They can assess your specific health situation, consider potential interactions with other medications, and provide personalized advice.
2. Allergies and Sensitivities
Individuals with known allergies or sensitivities to any of the components of Synflex should avoid its use. Always check the ingredient list and inform your healthcare provider of any allergies.
3. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should exercise caution and consult with their healthcare provider before using Synflex. The safety of these tablets during pregnancy and lactation may vary depending on the specific formulation.
4. Medical Conditions
Inform your healthcare provider about any existing medical conditions, such as kidney or liver problems, before using Synflex. Certain health conditions may necessitate dosage adjustments or contraindicate the use of this medication.
5. Interaction with Other Medications
Synflex tablets may interact with other medications. It's essential to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, or herbal products you are currently taking.
6. Monitoring for Side Effects
While Synflex is generally well-tolerated, it's important to be vigilant for any potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal discomfort or allergic reactions. Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly.
Side Effect
Synflex tablets, like any medication, may have associated side effects. It's crucial for individuals using this medication to be aware of potential adverse reactions. While many people tolerate Synflex well, some may experience side effects. Here is a list of possible side effects:
1. Gastrointestinal Distress
One of the common side effects of Synflex tablets is gastrointestinal discomfort. This may include symptoms such as indigestion, heartburn, nausea, or abdominal pain. Taking the medication with food or milk can sometimes help alleviate these symptoms.
2. Allergic Reactions
In some cases, individuals may be allergic to components in Synflex tablets. Allergic reactions can manifest as skin rashes, itching, swelling, dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Any signs of an allergic reaction should be reported to a healthcare professional immediately.
3. Dizziness or Drowsiness
Synflex can, in rare instances, cause dizziness or drowsiness. Individuals should exercise caution when driving or operating machinery, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dosage.
4. Elevated Blood Pressure
Some formulations of Synflex may contribute to elevated blood pressure in certain individuals. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is advisable, especially for those with pre-existing hypertension.
5. Liver or Kidney Function Impairment
Individuals with pre-existing liver or kidney conditions may be more susceptible to adverse effects on these organs. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function may be necessary for those with underlying health issues.
Prices
Conclusion
Synflex tablets offer a versatile approach to managing pain, promoting joint health, and supporting overall mobility. However, responsible and informed usage is key. Always follow your healthcare provider's guidance and be mindful of precautions to ensure a safe and effective experience with Synflex tablets. If you need any consulting regarding medicines, you can contact Health To Wealth.
FAQs
1. What is Synflex Tablet used for?
Synflex Tablet is a medication primarily used for [insert specific medical condition or purpose, e.g., relieving pain and inflammation associated with arthritis].
2. How does Synflex Tablet work?
Synflex Tablet works by explain the mechanism of action, e.g., inhibiting the production of certain chemicals in the body that cause inflammation and pain].
3. Are there any potential side effects of the Synflex Tablet?
Common side effects of Synflex Tablet may include [list common side effects, e.g., upset stomach, dizziness]. However, not everyone experiences these side effects. Consult your healthcare provider if you notice any unusual reactions.
4. Can Synflex tablets be taken with other medications?
Synflex Tablet Uses It's important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking before starting Synflex Tablet. This helps prevent | eng | 2ea4093f-6f5c-48de-b954-90ce98373581 | https://healthtowealth.site/synflex-tablet/ |
According to him, taking into consideration the fact that often Presidents have appointed special advisors to advise them on various issues, the role of the Council in that light becomes tenuous.
Speaking on JoyNews' PM Express, he said, "What is the real mandate of the Council? In essence to provide advice to the President; and as the constitution requires, certain nominees of the President should go to the Council for ratification, so to speak. These are the two key functions.
"Take the advice, a President of this Republic can invite you Evans, anybody, out of the 33 million people we have for advice. So having a body constituted with a whole bureaucracy and secretariat maintained over years just to provide you advice, I'm kind of curious about that."
He added that "Second, the President besides the Council of State also appoints special advisors that he thinks are necessary for him. So we have the senior advisor advising him on economic affairs, whatever advisory position that he wants to create, he does. So when you look at it then the role of this Council is in a way is nebulous. It's redundant, so to speak."
Professor Agyeman-Duah was arguing his position why the Council of State should not be awarded salaries and ex-gratia as if the role they were playing was a full time job.
Earlier in the show he had argued that belonging to the Council was reserved for accomplished people who were mostly retired and thus deciding to pay them for a service which should be voluntary was akin to creating jobs for people who did not need jobs.
He stated that instead of giving Council members salaries and ex-gratia, they should instead be given allowances for their service.
"If I'm saying that look, these members do not deserve salaries of course they can be given allowance for sittings, certain incidentals relating to their performance, but not to create salaries attached to that position, to the extent that at the end of the four years then you walk away with ex-gratia. For what?" | eng | 7156ee97-a73a-4c7d-ad41-7e4454fe9576 | https://myghanamedia.com/30847-2the-advisory-role-of-ghanas-council-of-state-is-redundant-former-senior-un-governance-advisor/ |
Guide: Grow Your Instagram Following
As a small business owner there's a lot of pressure to always be on top of things and unfortunately too often social media gets pushed to the backburner. It's hard to remember to update your Instagram account when you're spending the majority of the day putting out fires. And because we don't always see the immediate results of consistent social media updates, it's easy to forget that social media is the best tool to promote your business.
Here are 7 down and dirty tips to level up your productivity, build your audience, and increase engagement on your Instagram account. | eng | 0c149acb-5fef-4cf0-b0a9-046dcb50ddca | https://justinshiels.com/new-guide-grow-your-instagram-following/ |
You've got a bubbly song stuck in your head. The bubbles are moving from your head to your lungs, making it easier for you to adjust to great depths. And they will see you adjusting to such great depths. Come up now, they'll say. But not too fast. You'll get the bends. | eng | a223ec63-8fca-4a19-b3bd-401a6c7f17f3 | https://cdn.coldfront.net/thekolwiki/index.php?title=Donho%27s_Bubbly_Ballad_(effect)&oldid=592528 |
On Jun 11, 2:09pm, Oliver Kiddle wrote:
}
} _foo() {
} local ret=1
} compadd -p /dev/ -M 'r:|/=* r:|=*' one two && ret=0
} compadd three && ret=0
} return ret
} }
} compdef _foo foo
} foo /d<tab>
}
} This should insert /dev/ because it is an unambiguous prefix to both
} possible matches: three can be ruled out. The two matches are listed, it
} is just that the prefix is not inserted. Without either the matching
} control or the third match being there, it works.
Hmm. When I use this with "compadd three" removed, I get exactly the
same behavior as with it included:
torch% _foo() {
local ret=1
compadd -p /dev/ -M 'r:|/=** r:|=*' one two && ret=0
: compadd three && ret=0
return ret
}
torch% foo /d<TAB>
one two
That is, no prefix is inserted, just the possible matches are listed.
The only way I get different behavior is to remove the -M spec.
torch% _foo() {
local ret=1
compadd -p /dev/ one two && ret=0
compadd three && ret=0
return ret
}
torch% foo /d<TAB>
torch% foo /dev/
I have no additional clues but perhaps this rules out some red herrings. | eng | 4ccabec6-0443-42c9-a0ea-aaa79adf8b82 | https://www.zsh.org/mla/workers/2015/msg01369.html |
Why You Should Hire A Car Service in Staten Island?
In the bustling streets of Staten Island, navigating the city's myriad transport options can be a daunting task. For those looking for a seamless, comfortable, and reliable mode of transportation, Union Limousine provides an unparalleled car service experience. Whether you're a local, tourist, or business traveller, understanding why to opt for a car service in this vibrant borough can significantly enhance your travel experience.
Understanding the Value of Car Service in Staten Island
Staten Island, a borough known for its rich history, scenic views, and bustling communities, demands a transport service that's both efficient and reliable. Union Limousine stands out as a premier provider, offering an array of services that cater to diverse needs—from limousine service in Staten Island to the most affordable car services.
Unmatched Professionalism: Our drivers are not just licensed; they are professionals trained to provide courteous and discreet service.
Diverse Fleet: Whether you need a limo service in Staten Island New York for a special event or the cheapest car service in Staten Island for airport transfers, we have a vehicle that suits your needs.
Reliability and Punctuality: Time is of the essence, and our Staten Island car service prides itself on being punctual and reliable.
Seamless Booking and Transparent Pricing
At Union Limousine, we believe in transparency and ease of access. Our booking process is straightforward, and our pricing policy is transparent—no hidden fees or surprise charges.
Customized Services to Suit Your Needs
We understand that every customer has unique needs. Whether you're looking for a Staten Island limo service for your wedding or a comfortable sedan for business travel, we tailor our services to meet your specific requirements.
The Importance of Local Knowledge
Our drivers are locals with extensive knowledge of Staten Island. This means not only can they navigate the most efficient routes, but they can also provide recommendations for dining, shopping, and attractions.
In conclusion, Union Limousine is not just another car service; we are your gateway to a hassle-free and luxurious travel experience in Staten Island. With a focus on professionalism, reliability, and customer satisfaction, we strive to exceed your expectations. For bookings, please contact us at +1 (718) 514-9881 or email info@unionlimousine.com. Choose Union Limousine for an unmatched travel experience in Staten Island.
FAQs
What services does Union Limousine offer?
Union Limousine offers a wide range of services, including limousine and car services for various occasions and needs in Staten Island.
How can I book a service with Union Limousine?
You can book our services by calling +1 (718) 514-9881 or emailing info@unionlimousine.com.
Is Union Limousine affordable?
Yes, we offer competitive pricing and transparent rates to ensure you get the best value for your money. | eng | 805418e5-79da-4163-8d4c-82580e52888e | https://techkstory.com/why-you-should-hire-a-car-service-in-staten-island/ |
Potter's Ground 2021
Potter's Ground is a drama and thriller-based Hollywood movie. The movie is directed by Michael Butts with the actors Isaiah Stratton, Scott Crain, Todd Bush. The movie story tells about a team of thieves who get a clue about an ancient treasure. To follow the clue and get that treasure they start packing for their journey. In the morning they start their journey and follow the instruction of clue. The way is too long and full of danger. They understand after some time, it is best that some secrets are kept buried. Visit myflixer buffer if you want to stream unlimited movies. | eng | 48f835ad-8f80-43dc-9fa1-ea5fc8565749 | https://myflixer.life/potters-ground-2021/ |
Welcome to Nuevo León, a captivating state nestled in the northeastern corner of the Mexican Republic. Bordered by the United States of America to the north, San Luis Potosí to the south, Tamaulipas to the east, and Coahuila and Zacatecas to the west, Nuevo León offers a rich history, diverse landscapes, and thriving industrial sectors. Let's embark on a journey to explore this remarkable region and uncover its hidden treasures.
History
In 1576, the Spaniards set foot on the Port of Tampico, marking the beginning of their exploration of the northern and northeastern lands. This region was later christened "Nuevo Reino de León" in honor of the ancient Iberian Kingdom of León. Nuevo León spans an area of 65,555 square kilometers (25,309 square miles) and is divided into 51 municipalities. The state experiences an extreme climate, with an average annual temperature of 21°C (70°F).
Landscapes
The majestic Sierra Madre Oriental traverses Nuevo León from northwest to southeast, giving rise to a breathtaking range of mountains in the municipalities of Garcia, Santa Catarina, and Monterrey. Notable among these mountains are the Sierra del Fraile, the Sierra de las Mitras, and the Sierra de la Silla. The latter two culminate in hills that lend their names to the valley of Monterrey, which opens to the east, offering mesmerizing vistas.
Waterways
Nuevo León boasts four distinct basins, each contributing to its diverse hydrography. In the north, the Salado River reigns as the main current, while the central basin, the largest and most important, collects the abundant waters of rivers such as the Pilón and Pesquería, with the San Juan River serving as its primary artery. The southeast basin merges its waters with the Conchos River, while the southern basin gathers the mountain runoff from the Sierra Madre in the municipalities of Zaragoza and Arambertri, channeling them into the Blanco or Purificación River.
Monterrey
Founded in 1596 by Diego de Montemayor, the "Metropolitan City of Our Lady of Monterrey" has evolved into the vibrant capital of Nuevo León. Nestled in a privileged valley and guarded by the iconic Cerro de la Silla (Saddle Hill), Monterrey stands as an industrial powerhouse. Thousands of companies, spanning numerous sectors of economic activity, shape the city's thriving industrial landscape.
The iconic Cerro de la Silla overlooking the cityscape of Monterrey, Nuevo León, is a symbol of resilience and industrial prowess in the heart of Mexico's northeast. Credit: SECTUR México
Connected State
Nuevo León boasts an extensive network of roads, ensuring convenient accessibility within and beyond the state. The modern Monterrey-Laredo highway, a marvel of road engineering, stands as a testament to the region's commitment to infrastructure development. Other noteworthy highways include the Monterrey-Cadereyta and Monterrey-Reynosa routes.
Key federal highways that crisscross Nuevo León include the following:
Highway No. 85: Connecting Laredo with Ciudad Victoria, running from north to southeast.
Highway No. 40: Linking Nuevo León with Coahuila and the city of Reynosa in Tamaulipas, stretching from east to west.
Highway No. 53: Joining Monterrey with Monclova, Coahuila.
Highway No. 54: Forging a connection between Monterrey and Reynosa.
Highway No. 57: Located in the southern part of the state.
Notable state highways include:
Nuevo León 1: An essential route connecting Monterrey with the border, extending to Colombia in the municipality of Anáhuac.
Nuevo León 61: Serving as a crucial link for the municipalities in the southern region of the state, connecting to Matehuala.
Exploring Nuevo León
While Nuevo León's infrastructure and industrial prowess are impressive, the state offers much more than meets the eye. Embark on an adventure to discover the captivating blend of natural wonders, cultural heritage, and warm hospitality that awaits you.
Nature enthusiasts will find solace in the numerous national parks and protected areas scattered throughout the state. From the rugged beauty of Cumbres de Monterrey National Park to the tranquil landscapes of Cola de Caballo Waterfall, there are countless opportunities to immerse yourself in the breathtaking scenery and engage in outdoor activities like hiking, mountain biking, and rock climbing.
For history buffs, a visit to Monterrey's Macroplaza is a must. As one of the largest plazas in the world, it showcases significant landmarks and architectural gems, including the Metropolitan Cathedral and the imposing Government Palace. Immerse yourself in the region's rich history by exploring the Museum of Mexican History or venturing to nearby sites like the historic town of García or the ancient Huastec ruins of Tamtoc.
Culinary aficionados will delight in Nuevo León's diverse gastronomic offerings. The state's cuisine is a fusion of traditional Mexican flavors with a unique regional twist. Indulge in mouthwatering cabrito (roast kid goat), savory machacado (dried beef), and deliciously spiced cabrito tacos. Don't forget to pair your meal with a refreshing local beer or a sip of the famous Licor de Membrillo, a quince liqueur crafted in the region.
As you traverse the state, you'll encounter charming towns and villages where you can witness the local culture and traditions. From the colorful festivals and lively street markets of Santiago to the artisanal crafts and pottery of Linares, each place has its distinct charm and story to share.
Nuevo León stands as a captivating destination, where history, nature, and modernity converge seamlessly. Whether you're an adventure seeker, history enthusiast, or simply a traveler in search of new experiences, Nuevo León offers a diverse range of attractions and experiences to satisfy your wanderlust. So, pack your bags and prepare to immerse yourself in the wonders of Nuevo León. | eng | 1a9ec15b-361c-4308-b890-848218989bd1 | https://www.mexicanist.com/l/nuevo-leon-mexico-northeast-highways/ |
Most repeated Hazrat Usman MCQs – Islamic studies mcqs one liner
Here in this post we are providing to you Most repeated Hazrat Usman Most repeated Hazrat Usman MCQs – Islamic studies mcqs one liner
حضرت عثمان رَضِیَ اللہُ تَعَالٰی عَنْہ 3. What is the title of Hazrat Usman? Dhū al-Nurayn کس صحابی رسول کا لقب "ذوالنورین" تھا ؟4 حضرت عثمانؓ 5. Hazrat ___________ added 2nd Azan for Friday prayers. Hazrat Usman (R.A) 6. Hazrat Usman (R.A) was martyred at the age of 82 7. Hazrat Usman Bin ____ was the key holder of Kabba Talha 8. Hazrat Ruqia (رضہ) died on victory day of battle ______she was the wife of Hazrat Usman (رضہ)? Battle Badr 9. Hazrat Usman khilafat period was ___? 12 years 10. Hazrat __ was the First Hafiz of the Holy Quran? Hazrat Usman (R.a) 11. Hazrat Usman (R.A) is called ____. Zun Noorain حضرت عثمان غنی نے کس غزوہ میں شرکت نہیں کی تھی؟12. غزوہ بدر 13. Who is called Jami ul Quran? Usman Ghani (R.A) 14. What caused Hazrat Usman's death? Martyred by rebels 15. Out of the copies of the Quran compiled by Usmanؓ how many are present? 2 16. How many copies of the Quran were made by Hazrat Usman? eight 17. In which battle Hazrat Usman R.A did not participate? Battle of Badr 18. Hazrat Usman (R.A.) married Hazrat Ruqayya (R.A.) and Hazrat Umme Kulsoom (RA.) one after the other that is why he was titled as Zunnurain 19. In which Hijri year Hazrat Usman (R.A) was martyred? 36 20. Who was the first to take Bayyat to Hazrat Usman (R.A.) as a Khalifa? Hazrat Ameer Muawiya (R.A.) 21. Who expanded Masjid-e-Nabvi? Hazrat Usman (R.A. 22. When was Hazrat Usman (R.A.) born in A.D? 577 A.D. 23. Where is the grave of Hazrat Usman R.A? Jannatul-Baqee 24. What was the surname of Hazrat Usman (R.A.)? Abu Amar 25. Who was the first person after Hazrat Usman (R.A.) to offer allegiance to Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A.) as the Khalifa? Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 26. When was Masjid-e-Nabvi expanded? 29th Hijri 27. When was the island of Cyprus conquered? 25 A.H. 28. What was the "Kuniyyat" of Hazrat Usman (RA) was? Abu Umro 29. Ghani was the title of Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 30. Zunnurain is the title of ? Hazrat Usman (RA) 31. Hazrat Usman (R.A) was called as a jamia ul quran because The Muslims of the world agreed on one script & one pronunciation 32. What is the literal meaning of Zunnurain? of two Noor 33. The name of the grandfather of Hazrat Usman (RA) was ? Abul Aas 34. Hazrat Usman (RA) migrated to Madinah ___ Times ? Twice 35. Who built a dam to protect Madina from floods? Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 36. Whose greatest service to Islam is the transcription and the subscription of official copies of the Holy Qur'an? Hazrat Usman (R.A.)
37. To which clan of Quraish, Hazrat Usman (R.A.) belonged? Banu Ummaiya 38. Who donated 1/3 army expenditures of Ghazwa-e-Tabook? Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 39. Who has the longest tenure as a Caliph among Khulfa-e-Rashideen? Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 40. Name the Sahabi for which Bait-e-Rizwan was taken? Hazrat Usman (R.A.) 41. Sahabi whom Hazrat Usman (RA) appointed as governor of Kufah. Hazrat Abdur Rehman Bin Auf (RA) 42. Hazrat Usman (RA) could not take part in the Battle of Badr battle because. His wife Hazrat Ruqayyah was sick 43. Give the number of relatives of the Caliph who were appointed as governors of some provinces during the reign of Hazrat Usman (RA)? Four 44. Ameer Muawiyah was the governor of, During the period of Hazrat Usman : Syria 45. Age of Hazrat Usman at time of death? 79 46. What was the reason of hazrat usman death Rebels 47. The death of Hazrat Usman (RA) took place in the year of 656 A.D by. He was martyred by rebels 48. In the reign of Hazrat Usman (RA), What were the demands of the rebels? They demanded that the Caliph should abdicate Caliphate 49. Given the number of days the rebels besieged Hazrat Usman's (RA) house. Forty days 50. The governor of which province conquered Khurasan during Hazrat Usman's reign ? Basra 51. Abdullah Bin Saba became a well down figure during the reign of Hazrat Usman (RA) because he was: A great of conspirator 52. Which governor of Basra was deposed by Hazrat Usman (R.A) Abu Musa Ashari | eng | 45745463-fbb0-471b-97bf-8a7f8e212810 | https://pastpaperspdf.com/most-repeated-hazrat-usman-mcqs-islamic-studies-mcqs-one-liner |
Chicago History: Chicago's Movable Bridges
04-18-2022
Uncategorized
Chicago has thirty-seven movable bridges lining the Chicago River and defining the cityscape. Every day, thousands of workers, tourists, boaters, and commuters cross or float beneath the bridges along Michigan Avenue, State Street, Wells Street, and Wabash Avenue in Chicago's Loop. These bridges, and the impressive mark they leave on the city, are part of a nearly two hundred year legacy of feats of engineering, design, and practicality.
History
The first movable bridge was constructed at Dearborn Street in 1834. The bridge, similar to those found crossing moats at medieval castles, relied on timber and heavy chains to remain suspended over the river.
In the following years, a series of trials and errors found that floating bridges across the Chicago River could be swept away by floods and drawbridges were too narrow to accommodate the masses of people attempting to cross. Swing bridges, designed like board game spinners, resulted in ship crashes. In 1863, a bridge constructed over Rush Street collapsed under the weight of cattle attempting to cross, further proving the insufficiency of current designs.
The first Chicago Style Bascule Bridge was constructed in 1902 and relied on a trunnion or suspended axles atop massive concrete counterweights secured into the riverbank. The Chicago Style Bascule Bridge was the most practical design for the large crowds crossing the bridge and used the most practical form of suspension to allow ships to pass beneath.
In 1910, the city of Chicago improved the existing bridges' architectural elements by adding bridge houses in numerous architectural styles.
Today
Two of the downtown bridges at Jackson Boulevard and Lake Street respectively turned one hundred years old recently, and many of the bridges in downtown Chicago remain in use today. The L train along with pedestrians and car traffic cross the bridges on a daily basis.
Chicago's bridges still lift to allow high-masted boat traffic to flow beneath. In the 19th and early 20th century, bridges were lifted every time a boat needed to pass through, and though they still lift today, it occurs far less frequently. Bridge-lifts often begin mid-spring and last through autumn causing quite a spectacle (and a wait for those hoping to cross the bridges).
Archives
Founded in 2002, MG Group is a nationally-recognized, Chicago-based team of real estate professionals that promises and pursues unparalleled dedication to our clients and to raising the standards in our industry. | eng | 7d3d49d9-9952-4ad5-9bdc-8c55101bb9ee | https://mggroupchicago.com/chicago-history-chicagos-movable-bridges/ |
Roma - la città eterna!
Amalfi By Boat
Paestum
Updated: Aug 12, 2023
We ventured southeast this morning, winding our way along this beautiful Amalfi coastline and through multiple small villages, including Ravello, Minori, Maiori, Vietri (famous for its Italian pottery and ceramics), and Salerno. We then headed south to the Ancient Greek settlement of Paestum. This ancient city was founded in 600 B.C., with the original name of Poseidonia, and holds some of the most well-preserved Greek temples in the world.
The perimeter walls spanned 5 kilometers in length, and contained three large and many small temples, with a massive agora, or city center, where trading took place. The site was presumed to be chosen by the Greek colonists for its fertile land, access to nearby rivers for a water source (there were no aqueducts in this part of Italy at that time), and nearby sea port.
The first temple, known as the Temple of Hera, was built around 550 B.C., and is believed to have taken 30 years to complete. It was unusual for a Doric temple, as it has an uneven number of front columns (nine). Hera was Zeus' wife and was the goddess of fertility, motherhood, and family.
The second temple was the Temple of Athena, goddess of strategic war and wisdom. She was often portrayed in her full armor and with an olive branch. Its facade contains six fluted columns, with 13 columns spanning the sides of this magnificent architecture. Athena's Temple was built around 500 B.C.
The largest and most prominent temple was Poseidon's Temple (also known as the Temple of Hera II). It's considered the most well preserved Greek temple in the Western world. Most modern-day archeologists believe this temple was actually built for Zeus, given its size and stature, and given the position of Hera's temple on its left. In fact, remnants of a statue of Zeus were found within its ruins. This third temple was built in approximately 450 B.C., and took approximately 50 years to complete.
In about 280 B.C., the Romans conquered Poseidonia and changed the name to Paestum. They tore down the Greek agora and replaced it with a traditional Roman forum, complete with an amphitheater. The town was occupied around 400 A.D., the area was converted to Christianity, the interior chamber of the Temple of Athena was removed, and the temple was converted to a church.
About 400 years later, the city was entirely abandoned due to pirate attacks and encroaching barbarians. Many centuries later, archeologists have uncovered significant ruins on this land. However, only about 30% of the original city has been excavated; the rest is on private land. Other than the three temples and the amphitheater, the majority of this ancient city's remains are mainly portions of foundations and walls. That said, this spectacular ancient site is well worth a visit.
After touring a portion of the Paestum Museum (several rooms were closed for renovations), we enjoyed a refreshing gelato and then made our way back toward Amalfi.
The headstone of a man's burial tomb, circa 400 B.C.
Our one stop in Minori certainly did not disappoint! We decided to grab lunch at Sal de Riso's Ristorante, made famous for its Delizia al Limone by Stanley Tucci's "In Search of Italy." An absolute MUST when visiting the Amalfi coast. Not only did I have the best pizza I think I've ever eaten (my favorite Neapolitan "capricciosa"), we ended with delectable desserts including the famed Limone cake. We may or may not have brought back a couple of extra desserts for after dinner!
We enjoyed the remainder of today poolside at our beautiful hotel, taking in the Mediterranean views of this incredible property. Tonight, we'll eat at our hotel, and then pack up for our journey back to Rome in the morning! Until next time, Caio! | eng | 650e4242-0965-4581-96ee-7f0db02e6e97 | https://www.extremeemptynesting.blog/post/paestum |
Description
The IIC model is designed to fit comfortably inside the ear canal, making it nearly invisible to others. Its discreet size ensures a seamless experience for the wearer, allowing them to engage in daily activities without drawing attention to their hearing aid.
Sound Quality: Equipped with 17 channels, this hearing aid provides a wide range of sound adjustments, ensuring a personalized listening experience. The advanced technology within the LiNX 3D 9 IIC aims to replicate natural sound and speech, contributing to clearer and more natural hearing in various environments.
Connectivity and Compatibility: ReSound is known for its connectivity features, and the LiNX 3D 9 IIC is no exception. It seamlessly pairs with smartphones, allowing users to control settings, adjust volume, and even stream audio directly to the hearing aid. This connectivity enhances its usability and versatility in modern-day scenarios.
Performance: The fitting range of 20-85 broadens its suitability for individuals with mild to moderate-severe hearing loss. The device's adaptability to different hearing needs is a testament to its advanced capabilities.
Battery Life: Being powered by a size 10A battery, the LiNX 3D 9 IIC offers a decent battery life. However, it's important to note that the battery is not rechargeable, necessitating regular replacements | eng | 12780aa3-036b-4647-85f4-53eac63588b4 | https://shop.vrhearingclinic.com/product/linx-3d-9-iic-hearing-aid/ |
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Online Assignment Help
Online Assignment Help has become an indispensable resource for students seeking assistance with their academic tasks. This service offers a lifeline to those grappling with complex assignments or facing time constraints. Online Assignment Help providers are equipped with a team of expert writers well-versed in various subjects, ensuring that students receive high-quality solutions tailored to their specific needs.
Assignment Writing Help services offer a wide array of benefits. They provide a platform for students to connect with experienced professionals who possess deep knowledge in their respective fields. This ensures that assignments are not only well-researched but also presented in a structured and coherent manner. Additionally, these services often adhere to strict deadlines, alleviating the stress of last-minute submissions.
Moreover, Online Assignment Help platforms offer a valuable learning opportunity. By reviewing the solutions provided, students can gain a better understanding of the subject matter and improve their own writing skills. The accessibility of these services online further enhances convenience, allowing students to seek help at any time and from anywhere.
Online Assignment Help and Assignment Writing Help have revolutionized the way students approach their academic responsibilities. They serve as a reliable support system, empowering students to excel in their studies while fostering a deeper comprehension of the subject matter.
What Is Online Assignment Help?
Online Assignment Help refers to a service that aids students in completing their academic assignments with the assistance of professional tutors or experts. These services have gained immense popularity due to the increasing demands of modern education.
Assignment Help platforms connect students with a pool of experienced tutors proficient in various subjects. These tutors offer guidance, clarify doubts, and provide valuable insights into the assignment's requirements. Whether it's an essay, a research paper, or a complex project, Assignment Writing Help Tutors are equipped to offer tailored assistance.
These platforms operate on a user-friendly interface, allowing students to upload their assignment details and set deadlines. The tutors then review the requirements and provide personalized solutions, ensuring the work meets academic standards. This process not only saves time but also enhances the quality of assignments.
Furthermore, Assignment Help services cater to a wide range of subjects, from mathematics and science to humanities and social sciences. This diversity ensures that students from various academic backgrounds can benefit from the assistance.
Online Assignment Help revolutionizes the way students approach their academic tasks. It provides a reliable support system, allowing them to tackle assignments with confidence and efficiency, ultimately contributing to their overall academic success.
Are Online Assignments Customizable?
Custom writing services have become a boon for students seeking personalized assistance in their academic endeavors. The question often arises: are online assignments customizable? The answer is a resounding yes. Reputable custom writing services understand the diverse needs of students and offer tailor-made solutions to cater to individual requirements.
Assignment help services excel in customization by offering a range of options. Students can specify their preferences, from the choice of topic to the depth of research, formatting style, and even the desired tone of the paper. This level of customization ensures that the final product aligns perfectly with the student's vision and academic goals.
Custom writing services also provide a unique opportunity for students to learn from experts in their field. By collaborating with professional writers, students gain valuable insights and improve their own writing skills. Additionally, these services often offer revisions, allowing students to request adjustments and fine-tune the assignment to meet their exact specifications.
Assignment help services can help students not only by providing tailored solutions but also by fostering a learning experience that goes beyond the final submission. With the ability to customize every aspect of an assignment, students can confidently tackle their academic challenges with the support of these invaluable services.
Can BookMyEssay Improve Academic Performance?
BookMyEssay, a renowned assignment help provider, has emerged as a beacon of hope for students seeking to elevate their academic performance. With a team of seasoned experts, the platform offers comprehensive assistance across a wide array of subjects and disciplines.
The key to BookMyEssay effectiveness lies in its commitment to quality. The platform's writers are not only proficient in their respective fields but also possess a deep understanding of academic requirements. This ensures that every assignment they produce is meticulously researched and tailored to meet the specific needs of the student.
Moreover, BookMyEssay fosters a culture of timeliness. Punctuality is a hallmark of their service, ensuring that students never miss a deadline. This not only reflects positively on their grades but also instills a sense of discipline and time management.
Furthermore, the platform offers a unique opportunity for students to learn from the best. The assignments provided serve as valuable reference materials, aiding in comprehension and knowledge retention. This supplementary learning experience proves invaluable in exams and future coursework.
BookMyEssay's prowess as an assignment help provider is undeniably a catalyst for improved academic performance. Their dedication to quality, punctuality, and supplementary learning sets them apart as an invaluable resource for students striving for excellence in their studies. | eng | 400316c7-5c75-420c-9530-f2c458f00eed | https://www.bookmyessay.co.uk/online-assignment-help |
Wonders of the Universe
For term 2 2023/24, our students immersed themselves in the evolution of our cosmos before humans appeared on Earth.
Students learned about stars, the solar system, galaxies, the sun, and Earth's early development through an engaging narrative conveyed via art, writing, and the scientific 'nature of things'.
Real feedback
First rehearsal
Final peformance
Feedback is everything at REAL School. The children's final performance was night and day from their first rehearsal in front of their schoolmates. This is why Re-do is such a key phase in our Dream to Reality process.
Real meteorite
Throughout the project, besides conducting science experiments and crafting celestial events timelines, the children also visited an observatory. They gazed at the Sun and even touched a real meteorite!
How Art, Literacy and Science are weaved into our project
To encapsulate the essential aspects of this project, learners have crafted a timeline in the form of a concertina book in which artwork and written pieces narrate a story. Key vocabulary terms have been identified and integrated. You will find between the pages:
The story from the Big Bang to the formation of the Earth
Magic Milk paper marbling and collage
Star constellation embroidery
The Milky way pastel art
Sprinkled around the exhibition are art extensions including formation of a star artworks, and solar system models made out of three different kinds of materials.
Our Science focus and discussions have been about states of matter, particle attraction, and gravity, thus integrating scientific concepts with our cosmic exploration.
The children have wrapped up their wonders of the universe chapter, "but how life comes to Earth - that's a whole another story." | eng | db2ad564-c47d-44a7-8771-caaf085d02a0 | https://www.realschool.hu/wonders-of-the-universe |
Is there any other input on this situation if I don't have any 3rd party anti virus/malware apps and I have full admin rights? I've also recently noticed almost every Adobe app gives me this same error. I'm using a free trial as well if this makes any difference (I have used these apps on the same system around a year or so ago, I'm using a free trial to export my .indd files as PDFs). Thank you.
Thank you for reaching out and sharing the details of your issue. Could you please confirm if you are running a preview insider build of Windows or a generic public build? Sometimes, the preview builds can cause compatibility issues.
Additionally, could you try rolling back to a previous version of Windows to see if that resolves the problem? Here's how you can do that:
This might help determine if the issue is related to the latest Windows update.
Let us know if these steps help or if you need further assistance. We appreciate your patience and understanding as we work to resolve this issue. | eng | 9bbeeeeb-5942-4576-9670-67e9c6927ada | https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/indesign-is-incompatible-indesign-for-windows-23h2/td-p/14662877 |
Ethos/Philosophy
We seek to have every student become a Confident Learner, Steward Leader and Imaginative Trailblazer.
We nurture Confident Learners to have a Growth Mindset. We encourage students to try new challenges, be tenacious in the face of adversity, and to continually seek improvement for the future.
We seek for all students to become a Steward Leader. Our hope is for our students to contribute to our community, our nation, and our world and that each generation will create an even better future for the next generation.
We develop Imaginative Trailblazers through our instructional programme, our school-wide Design Thinking programme, and our Trailblazer programme. We enable our students to imagine, discover, express, and accomplish, so that they are inspired to create solutions for a better future.
We believe that every child is unique and possesses different interests and talents. Every child will be nurtured by a Champion Mentor, from admission to graduation, to grow and develop strengths in the areas they are passionate in. | eng | 26d2b8ce-bff4-40da-9ded-0f17ca25c4e9 | https://www.commonwealthsec.moe.edu.sg/about-cwss/ethos-philosophy/ |
Utilizing vs. Utilising — What's the Difference?
"Utilizing" and "Utilising" mean the same, making effective use of something; the difference lies in regional spelling preferences, with "utilizing" favored in American English and "utilising" in British English.
Difference Between Utilizing and Utilising
Table of Contents
Key Differences
"Utilizing" and "Utilising" both refer to the act of making use of something effectively. The primary difference between them is not in meaning but in regional spelling conventions. "Utilizing" is the preferred form in American English, which tends to favor -ize endings.
Conversely, "Utilising" follows the British English convention of using -ise endings. This difference mirrors a broader pattern in American and British English where verbs that can end in -ize or -ise are spelled differently in the two variants of the language.
Beyond the spelling, there is no distinction in the application or connotation of "utilizing" and "utilising." Both terms are used in various contexts, from business and technology to everyday language, to express the act of employing something to its fullest potential or in a practical manner.
The choice between "utilizing" and "utilising" often depends on the audience or the established language standards of a particular document or organization. Writers and speakers typically choose the variant that aligns with the version of English they are using or the version their audience will be most familiar with.
Despite the spelling difference, the pronunciation of "utilizing" and "utilising" is generally the same. Both spellings represent the same concept of effective and practical use of resources, tools, skills, or opportunities.
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Comparison Chart
Spelling Standard
American English
British English
Spelling Variation
Ends with -izing
Ends with -ising
Pronunciation
Generally the same as utilising
Generally the same as utilizing
Meaning
Making effective use of something
Making effective use of something
Usage Context
Preferred in American publications and communications
Preferred in British publications and communications
Compare with Definitions
Utilizing
Employing for a purpose
We are utilizing the latest technology in our research.
Utilising
Employing for a purpose
The company is utilising renewable energy sources.
Utilizing
Making effective use
She is utilizing her skills to improve the project.
Utilising
Taking advantage of
She is utilising her network to find job opportunities.
Utilizing
Taking advantage of
He is utilizing the opportunity to learn new skills.
Utilising
Making practical use of
They are utilising space in the office creatively.
Utilizing
Making practical use of
She is utilizing her time efficiently.
Utilising
Putting to use
Researchers are utilising data to study climate change.
Utilizing
Putting to use
The team is utilizing all available resources to meet the deadline.
Utilising
Making effective use
He is utilising his experience to train new employees.
Utilizing
To put to use, especially to make profitable or effective use of
An approach to the problem that utilizes the latest research.
How plants utilize nutrients to produce seeds.
Utilising
Infl of utilise
Utilizing
Infl of utilize
Common Curiosities
Can "utilising" be used in American English?
It can be, but "utilizing" is the standard spelling in American English.
Are "utilizing" and "utilising" interchangeable?
Yes, but usage depends on whether American or British English is being used.
Is one spelling more correct than the other?
No, correctness depends on the regional language standard being followed.
Does "utilizing" have a different meaning in American English?
No, it means the same as "utilising" in British English.
Should I use "utilizing" in an international context?
It depends on the audience; "utilizing" is widely understood, but "utilising" may be preferred in British English-speaking regions.
In academic writing, which form should be used?
Use the form that aligns with the language standards of the institution or publication.
Can a sentence's meaning change with the use of "utilizing" or "utilising"?
No, the meaning remains the same regardless of the spelling.
Does "utilizing" appear more in American literature?
Yes, it's more common in American English literature.
Are both forms used in global English language teaching?
Yes, learners are often exposed to both forms in international English language education.
Can "utilizing" be used in formal writing?
Yes, especially in American English contexts.
Do "utilizing" and "utilising" have different pronunciations?
Generally, no, they are pronounced the same.
Is "utilising" commonly used in British publications?
Yes, it's the preferred spelling in British English.
Are there other words with similar American and British spelling differences?
Yes, like "realize" and "realise" or "organize" and "organise."
Does using "utilising" in American English texts appear incorrect?
It's not standard, but it's understood; it may be seen as a British English influence.
Is one form more modern than the other?
No, both forms have been in use for a long time and reflect regional spelling preferences | eng | 1c9f2fef-37ef-4e82-b4f3-329aeaaba70e | https://www.askdifference.com/utilizing-vs-utilising/ |
In today's world, voice search technology has become a crucial aspect of ecommerce website development services. With the increasing popularity of voice assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant, ecommerce businesses must integrate this technology into their websites to offer a seamless user experience. Ecommerce website development services providers can leverage natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms to integrate voice search functionality into ecommerce websites. By doing so, We can create a website that recognizes and understands the customer's voice commands, improving customer engagement, and driving sales. Partnering with Ampro TechValley can help businesses stay ahead of the competition and adapt to the latest trends and technologies, creating custom websites that cater to their customer's needs and preferences. | eng | 3b7ad7fb-3fd6-45ef-aa5f-e5acadf056c9 | https://theamberpost.com/post/integrating-voice-search-into-your-ecommerce-website-a-step-by-step-guide |
Managing Logistics Disruptions in the U K can cause significant challenges for businesses in the UK, especially in today\'s globalised economy. Whether it\'s due to natural disasters, political instability, or unexpected market fluctuations.
Managing Logistics Disruptions
Refrigerated Logisticsdisruptions especially can lead to delays, increased costs, and reduced productivity. To mitigate these risks, businesses must have effective strategies in place for managing logistics disruptions such as using couriers In this blog post, we will explore the best practices for managing unplanned activity disruptions in the UK.
Identify Risks and Vulnerabilities is key to Managing Logistics Disruptions
One of the key steps in managing logistics disruptions is to identify potential risks and vulnerabilities in the supply chain. This involves conducting a comprehensive risk matrix to identify potential threats such as weather-related events, geopolitical risks, and supply chain disruptions. Once you have identified these risks, you can develop a plan to mitigate and ensure business continuity. This could include developing contingency plans, diversifying your supply chain, and establishing alternative routes for transportation.
Build Strong Relationships with Suppliers
Another important best practice for managing logistic outages is to build strong relationships with suppliers. This involves establishing open lines of communication with your suppliers, understanding their capabilities and limitations, and building trust and transparency. By building strong relationships with your suppliers, you can develop a more resilient and flexible supply chain that can better withstand disruptions.
Utilise Technology
Technology can also play a critical role in managing logistics disruptions. By using advanced technologies such as predictive analytics, businesses can anticipate potential disruptions and take proactive steps to mitigate them. Other technologies such as GPS tracking and real-time visibility can provide businesses with greater control and transparency over their supply chain, enabling them to quickly identify and respond to disruptions as they occur.
Establish Effective Contingency Plans
In order to effectively manage unplanned activities, businesses must have effective contingency plans in place. This involves developing clear and actionable plans for responding to disruptions, including communication protocols, backup suppliers, and alternative transportation routes. By having effective contingency plans in place, businesses can minimise the impact of disruptions and ensure business continuity.
Conduct Regular Testing and Training
Even the best contingency plans are only effective if they are regularly tested and updated. It is important to conduct regular testing and training to ensure that all stakeholders are familiar with the contingency plans and know how to respond in the event of a disruption. This could involve running simulations, conducting table top exercises, or participating in supply chain-wide tests.
Conclusion
Logistics outages are an unfortunate reality for businesses in the UK. However, by following these best practices for managing logistics disruptions, businesses can mitigate risks, ensure business continuity, and build a more resilient and agile supply chain. By identifying potential risks and vulnerabilities, building strong relationships with suppliers, utilising technology, establishing effective contingency plans, and conducting regular testing and training, businesses can better withstand disruptions and emerge stronger in the face of adversity. | eng | 1c1dee84-ec54-4b00-94bd-596be75ce61f | https://freshfridgehire.co.uk/managing-logistics-disruptions/ |
Download Smoke And Sacrifice Full PC Game for Free
Survival RPG games have become quite popular in recent years, offering players the opportunity to experience an intense and immersive gameplay experience. And one game that stands out in this genre is Smoke And Sacrifice.
Developed by Solar Sail Games and published by Curve Digital, Smoke And Sacrifice takes players on a dark and mysterious journey through a fantastical world filled with danger and intrigue.
Storyline
Set in a post-apocalyptic world, Smoke And Sacrifice follows the story of a woman named Sachi who lives in a society where survival depends on making regular sacrifices to the deity known as the Sun Tree. Sachi has to sacrifice her firstborn son, Lio, as per the tradition. However, after sacrificing her son, she discovers that the Sun Tree is a lie and her son might still be alive in the underworld.
Determined to find her son, Sachi gets on a dangerous journey through the underworld, encountering bizarre creatures and surviving in a hostile environment.
Gameplay
Throughout the game, players will have to survive through a harsh environment filled with deadly creatures and difficult challenges. In a 2D open-world environment, players will have to gather resources, craft items, and find hidden secrets to progress through the game. The crafting system is quite extensive, allowing players to create various types of weapons, items, and armor to survive and progress.
One of the unique features of Smoke And Sacrifice is the day and night cycle. During the day, players can explore the environment safely, gather resources, and hunt for food. But during the night, deadly creatures come out, making it much harder to survive. This adds an element of suspense and challenge to the gameplay experience.
Art and Graphics
The graphics and art style of Smoke And Sacrifice are visually stunning. The 2D hand-drawn illustrations and animations are detailed and atmospheric, creating a dark and eerie tone throughout the game. The environment is beautifully crafted, from the lush forests to the desolate wastelands, making exploration a pleasure.
Soundtrack
The soundtrack of Smoke And Sacrifice is haunting and adds to the overall atmosphere of the game. The haunting melodies and sound effects are immersive and compliment the graphics and gameplay perfectly.
Reception
Upon its release, Smoke And Sacrifice received positive reviews from critics and players. It was praised for its unique storyline, challenging gameplay, and stunning visuals. The game was also nominated for several awards, including Best Original IP at the Develop Star Awards.
Conclusion
Smoke And Sacrifice is a must-play for fans of survival RPG games. With its unique storyline, challenging gameplay, and stunning visuals, it offers players an immersive and unforgettable experience. So, are you ready to get on a journey into the unknown and uncover the truth behind the Sun Tree? Play Smoke And Sacrifice now and find out!
"One of the most unique and intriguing open-world RPGs of this year" – Forbes | eng | 9e883b62-8999-4ab4-988d-6f0a4ca3cc05 | https://luadist.org/smoke-and-sacrifice/ |
Transformation & operation
Digitization
The engine for future-proofing
Making digitization part of your DNA
Digitization is no longer an option but a must. Traditional business models and margins are under pressure. On the one hand, due to changing customer behavior. On the other hand, due to increasing competition and rising costs.
So you have to anticipate. Being able to respond quickly to changes. Provide a seamless and personalized customer experience. But also work more efficiently. Making digitization part of your DNA is key and so is seeing new growth opportunities.
In practice, however, you quickly run into the complexity of the ever-growing possibilities and applications. Gwynt has extensive experience with digitization projects and knows the pitfalls. Together we make the right steps at the right pace.
Questions in which we help include:
How do we integrate digitization into the overall strategy?
Where in the chain is there the most value for digitization?
What phasing should we follow with our digital strategy?
Where and when should we really deploy AI, genAI or robotization?
How can digitization make our organization and employees work more efficiently?
What do we need to change in our organization to digitize?
Digitization is not only a means of survival, but also an engine for growth and competitive advantage.
Danny Groenenboom
Business Principal,Gwynt
Digitalization roadmap: from strategy to execution
Developing and rolling out a future-proof roadmap for digitization is a process that requires a careful approach. At Gwynt, this is in good hands. Because of our step-by-step approach, we don't overlook anything. | eng | 00618f59-fe08-494f-aebf-c277b3115a23 | https://www.gwynt.eu/en/solutions/digitization/ |
Bedford, Kentucky Statistic: Population, Charts, Map, Steets and More
If you're looking for a home in the Bedford City area, you've come to the right place. The 2020 population estimate for Bedford is 6,597. That's just over 1% more than the previous census estimate. This city is located in the Blue Ridge Region of Virginia. It is the 53rd most populous city in Virginia, and the 4093rd largest in the United States. Its median home price is 2.7x the median household income. The median age of the Bedford population is 38.7 years old, and the population density is 757 people per square mile.
The Bedford area has been home to legendary brownstones. It was built in the nineteenth century by the Dutch and German upper middle classes. Montrose Morris, the "starchitect" of the area, was credited with building the first apartment building in Brooklyn. Although he had built the first apartment building in Brooklyn, the aspiring middle class often associated apartments with poor, slum-like tenements.
The town's population began to grow as a manufacturing, agricultural, and commercial center. In the late 1800s, the city attracted several college preparatory schools. The city's growth led to the construction of the Randolph Macon Academy and the Virginia Business College. These schools brought new students and teachers to the area, which continued to grow as a thriving agricultural and manufacturing center. Over the years, the Bedford City area gradually grew to become a small cultural hub | eng | cc8ece1a-4b15-4dca-b551-424968a8a65f | https://findpeoplefast.net/address/kentucky-ky/bedford |
Exotic Shorthair Cat Breed, Health Problems, Characteristics & Care
Exotic Shorthair cats are descended from the famous Persian cat, known for their long, luxurious fur. But unlike their Persian cousins, Exotics have short, plush coats that are much easier to care for. This makes them perfect for people who love the Persian look but don't want the hassle of daily grooming.
Don't let their good looks fool you! Exotic shorthair cats are full of personality. They're gentle and loving, happy to curl up on your lap for a cuddle. They're also playful and curious, always up for a game of chase or a swat at a feathery toy.
These furry friends make wonderful companions for families with children and other pets. They're adaptable and easygoing, happy to fit into any lifestyle. We know you might have read about the domestic shorthair cat, but if you want to learn more about the exotic shorthair cat,? Keep reading to discover everything you need about Exotic Shorthair cats, from their history and personality to their care and health needs.
Breed History of Exotic Shorthair Cat
Cat lovers, prepare for one perfectly unexpected twist in the Exotic Shorthair's story—hold on to your hats! Unlike many breeds with centuries-old pedigrees, this lovable beauty is an enthusiastic newcomer, only gracing our laps since the 1950s. But don't let their youth deceive you—they have remarkably complex ancestry!
American shorthair breeders were enamored with the Persians' luxurious coats and large, dreamy eyes. Guess what they did? They wanted their breed to have that abundant appearance. They mixed American shorthairs with Persians in secret! Now, only some people who own an American Shorthair welcome this. They weren't exactly overjoyed that their breed was becoming unusual!
However, some breeders recognized these cute, floofy, short-haired animals' potential. Jane Martin, a visionary, spearheaded their cause, and in 1966, the "Exotic Shorthair" was born with a flick of her whiskery tail! They were originally known as "Sterlings" due to their gorgeous silver coats, but "Exotic" seemed more exotic, don't you think?
At this point, the situation becomes even more intriguing. Other breeds, including Burmese and Russian Blues, were invited to the breeding party as the Exotic Shorthair's popularity grew, greatly enhancing its gene pool and coat color palette. However, the party was shut down in 1987! The Exotic Shorthair is a purebred Persian with a short, soft coat that the Cat Fanciers' Association approved as the only playmate suitable for these furry fashionistas.
Folks, there you have it! A lucky accident that developed into a cherished breed is the Exotic Shorthair. So every time you encounter one of these teddy bear-esque cuddling monsters, recall their remarkable history, from a crossbred dispute to a superstar in the feline world.
Exotic Shorthair Cat Health problems
With their characteristic flat cheeks and luxurious coats, exotic shorthair cats are cuddly little balls of fluff. However, because of their selective breeding methods and brachycephalic (flat-faced) traits, they have a higher chance of developing several health issues, despite their endearing appearance. The following are a few of the most prevalent health issues to be aware of:
1. Brachycephalic Syndrome
This syndrome arises from their short noses and narrow airways, causing difficulty breathing, especially in hot weather or during exercise. Symptoms include snoring, snorting, and labored breathing. Severe cases might require surgery to improve airflow.
2. Polycystic Kidney Disease
This inherited condition leads to cysts forming in the kidneys, eventually impacting their function and potentially leading to kidney failure. Genetic testing can help identify carriers, and breeders are working to reduce their prevalence.
4. Dental Issues
Flattened faces can lead to misaligned teeth, making proper chewing and cleaning difficult. This increases the risk of plaque buildup, gum disease, and tooth loss. Regular brushing and dental care are essential.
5. Skin Issues
Their thick fur tends to hold moisture and debris, promoting skin infections like dermatitis and ringworm. Regular brushing, keeping their environment clean, and promptly addressing any skin irritation are important.
6. Breathing Infections
Due to their narrow airways, exotic shorthairs are more susceptible to upper respiratory infections like rhinotracheitis and calicivirus. Vaccination and avoiding contact with sick cats are crucial for prevention.
7. Other Potential Issues
Bladder stones, obesity, heart problems, and separation anxiety are also occasionally seen in Exotic Shorthairs. Regular vet checkups are important for early detection and management.
Remember, proper care can significantly improve your exotic shorthair's health and well-being. Choose a responsible breeder who prioritizes health and genetic testing, provides quality food and regular vet checkups, maintains good hygiene, and keeps them comfortable in a cool environment with ample entertainment. With proper care, these charming felines can be wonderful companions for many happy years.
Exotic Shorthair Cat Characteristics
A cat with the luxurious, round features of a Persian but with a delightfully short, plush coat. That's the Exotic Shorthair Cat, a breed that combines the best of both worlds!
Appearance
According to Purina, medium-sized charmers, or exotic shorthairs, usually weigh between 10 and 12 pounds. Their round heads, wide eyes, and short snouts give them a teddy bear-like appeal. Despite being short, their fur is very silky and dense, akin to a plush velvet blanket. They also have an amazing range of colors and patterns, from traditional solids like black and white to gorgeous calico and exotic bi-colors like Persians.
Personality
Despite their majestic looks, exotic shorthairs are surprisingly pleasant and easygoing. They are content to spend hours snuggled up by your side or relaxing on your lap, similar to the "cuddle bugs" of the cat world. They are surprisingly interested and adore quiet playtime with interactive toys like laser pointers or feather wands. They don't, however, place as much emphasis on needing continual care as their hyperactive feline counterparts do. Their large, expressive eyes make them quite happy to amuse themselves or watch the world around them.
Care
According to the Spruce pets, the best part about the Exotic Shorthair cat is their low-maintenance coat! Unlike their long-haired Persian cousins, they don't require daily brushing to prevent matting. A quick weekly brush is all you need to keep their fur healthy and gleaming. They're also relatively clean cats and generally don't need frequent bathing. However, their flat faces can sometimes lead to tear staining, so gentle eye cleaning may be necessary.
Exotic Shorthair Cat Grooming tips
Here are some essential grooming tips for your exotic shorthair cat.
Brush your Exotic Shorthair at least twice a week, even more during shedding seasons. This removes loose hair, prevents matting, and keeps their coat shiny.
Exotic Shorthair cats typically don't need frequent baths; once every 4-6 weeks is sufficient. However, if your cat gets dirty or has skin issues, more frequent baths may be necessary.
Use a gentle cat shampoo and lukewarm water. Rinse thoroughly, dry your cat completely with a towel, and blow dry on low heat.
Wipe away any tear stains with a damp cloth and a gentle eye cleanser.
Trim your cat's nails every 2–3 weeks to prevent them from getting too long and painful.
For those who like the appeal of Persians but lack the time or energy for rigorous care, exotic shorthair cats make ideal companions. They're excellent companions for families with kids or other pets because they're amiable, flexible, and generally laid-back. The Exotic Shorthair cat might be your ideal companion if you're searching for an affectionate, active, and low-maintenance cat.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Ex From playtime to purr sessions, the Exotic Shorthair brings undeniable charm and a laid-back vibe to any American home.
If you're seeking a furry friend who's as stunning as they are easygoing, consider opening your heart to this delightful ambassador of Persian elegance in a convenient short-haired package. After all, America's love affair with cats continues, and the Exotic Shorthair is primed to steal the show, one velvety paw at a time.
FAQ
Are exotic shorthair cats friendly?
Absolutely! Exotic shorthairs inherit the Persian's calm nature, making them amiable and affectionate pets. They enjoy cuddling and playing but are also content to occupy themselves or study the world around them with their large, expressive eyes. Think teddy bear cuddles with a dash of independent flair.
How much is an exotic shorthair cat?
Expect to pay $500 to $1500 for an Exotic Shorthair kitten in the USA, depending on breeder, pedigree, and coat color.
Why are exotic shorthair cats so popular?
Do exotic shorthair cats like to be held?
Yes, many Exotic Shorthairs adore cuddling! While their Persian heritage means they value independence, they also crave affection and often become lap cats. Think about luxurious snuggles, not clingy desperation.
Do exotic shorthairs meow a lot?
Nope! Exotic Shorthair cats tend to be quiet communicators; using meows more softly is the only way to communicate. | eng | 88410b21-52d0-4769-a4e3-479a2cbd243e | https://yourpetplanet.com/exotic-shorthair-cat/ |
Emotional Intelligence Communication Ambiguity Imposter Syndrome Inclusion Alignment Why [...] | eng | 248ddf95-3679-44c9-b4b1-bdbac26b243f | https://www.leaderscreated.com/workshops/month/ |
Database Management Project Microsoft Access
Create a database with two tables in Microsoft Access. Each table should be connected via a foreign key. Each table should have a minimum of six fields (to include text and numerical – integer/decimal). You will then produce a report displaying records that satisfy two separate criteria and you will also create two calculated fields (could be the average of the values or an increase in a value, say 12%). You need to use headings other than the field names for the report. All relevant fields should be on the report | eng | bafa0bae-d220-4fcc-bd34-256bfcf705e3 | https://www.getmyanswers.com/questions/6155/database-management-project-microsoft-access |
There was a page made about fixing AI with journalism recently noting the market opportunity for mainstream news to regain the public's trust, along with other ways to aid the news media like making local journalism more efficient and with "pair journalism" pairing AI with journalists akin to "pair programming". Just an excerpt on the market need to fix a broken product:
'A study by Gallup and the Knight Foundation found that in 2020 only 26% of Americans reported a favorable opinion of the news media, and that they were very concerned about the rising level of political bias. In the 1970s around 70% of Americans trusted the news media "a great deal" or a "fair amount", which dropped to 34% this year, with one study reporting US trust in news media was at the bottom of the 46 countries studied. The U.S. Census Bureau estimated that newspaper publisher's revenue fell 52% from 2002 to 2020 due to factors like the internet and dissatisfaction with the product.
A journalist explained in a Washington Post column that she stopped reading news, noting that research shows she was not alone in her choice. News media in this country is widely viewed as providing a flawed product in general. Reuters Institute reported that 42% of Americans either sometimes or often actively avoid the news, higher than 30 other countries with media that manage to better attract customers. In most industries poor consumer satisfaction leads companies to improve their products to avoid losing market share. When they do not do so quickly enough, new competitors arise to seize the market opening with better products.
An entrepreneur who was a pioneer of the early commercial internet and is now a venture capitalist, Marc Andreessen, observed, the news industry has not behaved like most rational industries: "This is precisely what the existing media industry is not doing; the product is now virtually indistinguishable by publisher, and most media companies are suffering financially in exactly the way you'd expect.." The news industry collectively has not figured out how to respond to obvious incentives to improve their products. '
Journalism is a public good. It is not a made for profit "product". The business model for news was destroyed. I don't want to hear from Marc Andreesen about the news business -- spare us his "observations" -- he can stick to venture capital.
There's nothing to figure out. There's no business model for mass audience news anymore. It's small, specialized, modest, driven-by high quality reporting. That's in the process of happening. The ideas here make a lot of sense for entrepreneurial news in the ai era. But looking to what's already taken place pre -ai that got us here...The idea that they didn't "improve their product and "behave like most rational industries" is a bunch of BS. It was in large part because they had to act as economic actors that many failed. Again, it's a public good. The ad model died. Now, media is trying to stitch together philanthropy, ads, and subscriptions etc. to survive.
Obviously it has been a for profit product for centuries. The existing business model was undermined: which required them to pivot to adapt and change to find a new business model. There were opportunities to do so: but they were ignored due to an industry resistant to change, partly because they hadn't had to before so their management weren't exactly the sort into innovation since they never had to be in the past. Managers into innovation worked in industries where it was prevalent, while the news industry didn't need to pay for management sharp enough to deal with a more rapidly changing industry and therefore a culture developed that was resistant to change.
Some of us in the early-mid 1990s dealt with these people trying to explain what was going to happen to their business models and encountered people who didn't grasp the basics of how to deal with a competitive business environment. Why was there even an opening for a site like Craigslist or Nextdoor? Because a clueless industry didn't bother trying to update its position as the provider of classified ads and local information to deal with the rise of the net.
Its not remotely a "bunch of BS" to those who actually watched the industry closely for decades and saw how clueless they were. They had decades to experiment and try alternative approaches, but very few did. There may be ways for it to modernize: but instead they wish to take the easy way out and beg for government funding or charitable handouts. It seems likely the whole way society provides news will be restructured far more drastically rather than merely bailing out the existing approach.
I'm all for AI/LLM doing things that allow a journalist the time to do better journalism - ie. better research, deeper stories, etc.
What you describe here is thought-provoking and I can get behind most of it. There are two things that bother me. One is transparency and provenance of the end result. Two is bias.
Dealing with the first one - a consumer of media must be able to establish the provenance of what they are consuming from start to finish. On other words, the who, what, when of the entire process you describe. This is not difficult to do if you're prepared to think a little differently about content and data.
Dealing with the second one, bias, is much more difficult. There is some really interesting research about the consequences of AI generated content being used to feed Llm models. Whatever bias is created intensifies and builds upon itself. Again the integrity and provenance of "data in" and "data out" plays a role here but I also think there are some new human roles that must be created.
Alas, I think you've given short shrift to the fundamental problem that investigative journalism is expensive, but hot-take punditry is cheap. While you note the caveats, sadly almost all that you assert has the same failure-mode we recently saw with blogs, website, etc.
Right here: "... but it would open up the news reporting process to more people and improve the quality of the stories we're able to tell given the current time and budget constraints the media operates under."
Last time around, THIS IDEA FAILED MISERABLY, HORRIBLY, a complete and utter con-job. It was: "Anyone can set up a website, a blog, you-yes-YOU have a printing press! No gatekeepers! There will be a revolution of citizen journalism!"
What happened was that there were a few very small outliers that the hustlers/grifters touted for their self-promotion on the conference circuit, and the industry itself was decimated in the pursuit of clicks.
Look, I love your explanatory stuff, but "we tried it your way, and it didn't work!".
That "next-generation story factory" is going to be one where the culture war and the hot takes are LLM-generated. Because that's the obvious incentives, and that's what the LLM's are extremely good at doing.
Obviously yes, we do need to fix the incentive structure. And no, we haven't tried it my way and it didn't work. My way is decentralization, and what we have (and what you're complaining about) is centralization.
That idea went around too. The buzzword was "disintermediation" back then. It too failed to a really ridiculous extent. That article, and this one, don't grapple deeply with the problem that journalism is to a large extent a public good. It is NOT something which overall matches its "market value", because the benefits are generally diffuse. There are too many articles which basically fantasize that micropayments will make it work. That's a big problem with supposed solutions of that type.
Micropayments are a particularly bad genre, since the writer usually neglects all the little real-world frictions which drive up the costs of a payment. Just how expensive is it to send a bitcoin transaction these days? I know, the shiny NEW system is going to solve this. Until it doesn't.
This does sound like a big improvement on what we have now, but isn't it a bit like improving the horse and buggy by making a gasoline powered horse to pull the buggy around? If headlines are designed to be misleading and stories are designed to be filler, what we really need is something intermediate in length that shows actual insight in as brief a form as possible. | eng | e1c379b0-e4cd-4025-a0e1-894df07b4659 | https://www.jonstokes.com/p/heres-how-generative-ai-can-fix-the/comments |
Breadcrumb
Women and heart disease
When Debra Wasylynchuk had shortness of breath, she never thought anything of it. Unconcerned she went about her daily routine and went to bed.
"I woke up with intense pain, I even went outside to get some fresh air and nothing seemed to help. That's when I called for my husband to take me to the Fort Saskatchewan hospital," recalls Debra.
Debra was having a heart attack. "To be honest, I thought it only happened to men. I had pain in my shoulder blades, not my heart," says Debra.
Debra's not alone. Most people aren't aware women are at higher risk for heart disease than men. "Symptoms are not always like what you see on TV, and remember that everyone describes sensations differently. It could be shortness of breath, overwhelming fatigue, pressure in the chest or abdomen, indigestion… the list is much longer than chest pain," says Dr. Sayra Khandekar, Cardiologist at the Misericordia Community Hospital.
According to the Heart and Stroke Foundation, one in five women will be diagnosed with heart disease, and approximately every 20 minutes a woman will die of heart disease.
It is currently the number one cause of death among women, killing almost as many as all cancers combined.
"These facts are startling and frightening. We have traditionally thought of heart disease as predominantly male; in fact, we used to include male gender as a risk factor. Now that we understand how much more common it is in women, it's not only our responsibility to help teach women to take their symptoms seriously, and to look for symptoms they might not recognize as being significant, but it's also up to us to (increase) heart disease (research) particularly in women," says Khandekar.
Khandekar also says too few women diagnosed with heart disease complete a cardiac rehab program, which is proven to prevent future hospitalizations. "Is it the timing of the appointments, the access to the facility, or the way we explain it? We need to find out. We have to identify the barriers to improving the health of our female patients, and we have to remove them," says Khandekar.
Although there are several traditional risk factors such as high blood pressure and obesity, other factors can play a big role in the development of heart disease in women, such as depression.
"If you are a young woman under the age of 50 or 55 and if you are depressed your risk of having a heart attack is 50 per cent higher than a man's risk of having a heart attack," says Cheryl Robideau, Clinical Educator Cardiac Sciences at the Misericordia hospital.
Debra hopes that by sharing her story more women will pay close attention to changes in their health and seek help immediately before it is too late.
"Go see a doctor and have it checked out. They can do tests on you to find out in advance and really save yourself and your family a huge scare," says Debra | eng | eee31edc-d0c9-4e50-9c0c-a4630c54b8ca | https://covenanthealth.ca/news-and-events/news/women-and-heart-disease |
Education
Why Muslims Reject Interest (Riba)
Any transaction that involves interest will necessarily hurt one of the two sides; it is essentially a gamble, which is also prohibited by Islam.
Muslims consider interest as a modern equivalent to Riba; that is an income that is not earned or is unfair. The main problem with Riba is that from the very start it represents an unfair situation for one of the two parties in a business transaction or loss. Regardless of the circumstances, Muslims consider that the very concept of an interest rate is inherently unjust either to the lender or the receiver. Usury, the common translation for Riba, is simply an excessively high interest rate.
Since an excessively low interest rate would also expose the lender to a loss, Muslims consider that interest is not congruent with an equal distribution of income. Any transaction that involves interest will necessarily hurt one of the two sides; it is essentially a gamble, which is also prohibited by Islam.
Another problem with the concept of interest is that it is an earning that is not based on whether the capital was used or not. It is not earned nor deserved, and comes from an imaginary source. Muslims reject earnings that have absolutely no real value to the community or to the real world. Riba forces the debtor and, indirectly, the community, to take a financial risk. Interest inherently results in unfair income distribution and guarantees that the people that already have capital will earn money regardless of their investment or business. An example of the hurtful effects of interest rate manipulations can be clearly seen in the global financial crashes of 2008 and 2009.
Muslims consider that Riba is not only an oppressive practice, it also involves exploiting those in need. A fundamental part of being a Muslim involves that those who have wealth need to assist those that do not. Involving a guaranteed income from the loans, regardless of the result of the business venture or investment, is an unfair practice. Muslims would consider it fair if both parties earned an income based on the profit of the investment, rather than from an imaginary, unearned source. A society in which the wealth is accumulated only among those that are already wealthy increases the difference between classes. It also restricts wealth circulation, since lenders would only lend money to those that can pay the interest rates. Islamic economics considers that a healthy economic system exists in a state of balance between those that consume and those that produce. In an Islamic economic system, practices such as interest-free lending, charity, profit sharing, and restrictions on legitimate ways to gain returns on capital help fix this imbalance that has become such a severe problem in traditional capitalism. Interest allows a certain social class to gain income from their capital without contributing to society at all. A society in this state ultimately stagnates and starves from their lack of contribution. | eng | 87c2d328-e185-411c-beb3-402981097e1e | https://www.sukuk.com/education/muslims-reject-interest-riba-274/ |
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
Removing words
Why are so many web pages clogged with words that no one will ever read? Perhaps it's because, unlike paper, web pages can
always accommodate more text, so it costs nothing to add another paragraph or two. Or three.
The extra text is often wasted. Users don't slavishly read every word. Their eyes skim over pages, picking out the odd keyword
or sentence.
Getting rid of text has three benefits:
It makes what's important stand out.
It reduces the effort it takes to interpret a screen.
It makes people more confident that they've understood what's there.
When you're hunting for text to cut, be aware of some common hiding places:
Skip the introductions. Often the opening text on home pages and in articles says nothing at all ("Welcome to our web site,
we hope you'll enjoy..."). It doesn't sound chatty or inviting, it just leaves the reader wondering where the author is heading.
Cut the intros and start with a bang.
Delete unnecessary instructions. These are frequently redundant and can be cut completely. Delete text like "Fill in the fields
in this form and press Submit to send your application to us." The page title ("Application Form") and the contents of the
page (a form) are enough to signal the user what to do.
Simplify explanations. Sometimes links have descriptions under them. These can be useful, for instance, when one audience
expects the link to be called one thing and another expects it to be called something else. But often, explanations are another
source of redundant text. Replace "Product Finder: Answer some simple questions and we'll find the right product for you"
with "Product Finder," and you'll save twelve words from a total of fourteen.
Use descriptive links. Links called "Click Here" or "More" sometimes appear under the headlines that describe exactly where
they go. Simplify the page by using the headline itself as the link.
"Get rid of half the words on each page, then get rid of half of what's left."
—Steve Krug's Third Law of Usability from Don't Make Me Think! A Common Sense Approach to Web Usability personally | eng | 17a9bfa7-57ed-408b-85a4-c8ceb237a09b | https://www.peachpit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1636692&seqNum=19 |
The Ultimate Guide to Fleece Fabric: Types Dimensions and Weight
If you're looking for a warm, soft, and insulating fabric, then fleece is an option worth considering. In this article, we'll explore everything you need to know about fleece, including its dimensions, types, and weight, as well as how it's made and what makes it so unique.
What is Fleece? Fleece is a synthetic version of the wool that comes from sheep's coats.
Unlike wool, which requires a sheep to produce, fleece is made from polyester. It's a knitted fabric that's created by brushing fibers to create a textured surface that's both soft and warm.
Fleece Fabric Dimensions
Fleece is typically sold in bolts and yards, and its width can vary depending on the manufacturer. In general, the standard width of fleece fabric is 60 inches or 150 cm.
The thickness of fleece can also vary, with some varieties being thicker and heavier than others.
Fleece Fabric Types
There are various types of fleece available, each with different weight per square yard or meter. Ultralight fleece is thin and lightweight, while lightweight fleece is a bit thicker.
Mid-weight fleece is a popular choice for outdoor clothing, while heavy-weight fleece is ideal for colder temperatures. Fleece also comes in different patterns and colors.
Some fleece is anti-pill, meaning it won't develop those annoying tiny balls of fabric that can form over time. Sherpa fleece is a variety that has a coarser texture and mimics the appearance of traditional sheep's wool.
Microfleece is thinner and more lightweight than standard fleece, while polar fleece is a heavy-weight, warm variety that's commonly used in outdoor gear.
Choosing Fleece
When it comes to selecting the best fleece for your needs, you'll want to consider cost, quality, durability, and color. While cheapest isn't always best, you don't necessarily need to spend top dollar to get good quality fleece.
Look for a variety that feels soft and comfortable to the touch, and that has a color and pattern that suits your needs.
Understanding Fleece Fabric
What makes fleece unique is its combination of fibers and texture. Fleece is created by knitting together a blend of fibers that are then brushed to create a textured surface.
This creates a fabric that's both soft and furry, which is perfect for keeping you warm and cozy in colder temperatures. How is Polyester Fleece Fabric Made?
Polyester fleece is made in a manufacturing process that involves blending different fibers, including polyester, acrylic, and/or cotton. The fibers are then knitted together into a fabric and brushed to create the characteristic textured surface that makes fleece so popular.
The Properties of Fleece Fabric
One of the main properties of fleece is its insulating properties. Fleece is excellent at trapping heat close to the skin, making it a popular choice for cold weather gear.
Fleece is also breathable, which means it allows air to circulate, making it a great choice for both inner and outer layers. It's an excellent choice for athletic gear as it can help keep you warm without getting too sweaty or overheated.
Final Thoughts
Fleece is a synthetic alternative to wool that offers excellent insulating properties and is both soft and comfortable to wear. Whether you're looking for something lightweight and breathable or heavy-weight and warm, fleece offers a range of options to suit your needs.
When selecting fleece, be sure to consider cost, quality, durability, and color to find the variety that works best for you.
Fleece Fabric Width and Weight
Fleece is a warm and cozy fabric that has become a popular choice for clothing and outdoor gear. Fleece comes in various widths and weights, which can affect how it feels and functions.
In this section, we'll take a closer look at the width and weight of fleece fabric.
The Width of Fleece Fabric
Fleece is typically sold in bolts of fabric, with each bolt consisting of several yards or meters. The width of fleece can vary depending on the manufacturer and the type of fleece.
In general, the standard width of fleece fabric is around 60 inches or 150 cm. However, some varieties of fleece may be wider or narrower than this.
It's important to check the width of the fleece before purchasing it to ensure that it will fit your needs. Fleece is often sold by the yard or meter, and the amount you need will depend on what you plan to use it for.
If you're making a blanket or a jacket, for example, you may need several yards or meters of fleece. It's important to calculate how much fleece you need before purchasing it to avoid running out in the middle of your project.
The Weight of Fleece Fabric
Fleece also comes in various weights or thicknesses, which can affect its warmth and function. There are four main weight categories for fleece: ultralight, lightweight, mid-weight, and heavy-weight.
Understanding these weight categories can help you choose the best fleece for your needs. Ultralight fleece is the thinnest and lightest variety, and is perfect for layering or for use in warmer temperatures.
Lightweight fleece is a bit thicker and warmer than ultralight, and is often used for light jackets and other outdoor gear. Mid-weight fleece is a popular choice for outdoor gear as it's warm and cozy without being too bulky.
This variety of fleece is suitable for use in colder temperatures and can be used to make jackets, blankets, and other items. Heavy-weight fleece is the warmest and thickest variety, and is ideal for use in extremely cold temperatures or for making blankets and heavy jackets.
Heavy-weight fleece can be bulky, so it's not the best choice for layering. The physical difference between fleece weights can be notable.
For example, ultralight fleece is much thinner and more delicate than heavy-weight fleece. Lightweight fleece, on the other hand, falls somewhere in between, offering more warmth and durability than ultralight fleece but less than heavier varieties.
When comparing different types of fleece, you'll see that weight is often measured by the weight per square meter or yard. This measurement can help you compare the weight of different fleece varieties before purchasing.
Different Types of Fleece
When it comes to selecting the best fleece for your needs, it's important to consider the different types that are available. In this section, we'll take a closer look at four popular types of fleece: anti-pill fleece, sherpa fleece, microfleece, and polar fleece.
Anti-pill Fleece
As the name suggests, anti-pill fleece is a variety that's designed to prevent the formation of those annoying little balls of fabric that can form on the surface of fleece over time. Anti-pill fleece has a smooth and durable surface and is available in both lightweight and heavy-weight varieties.
Sherpa Fleece
Sherpa fleece is a variety that has a fluffy and lofty texture, mimicking the look and feel of traditional sheep's wool. This variety of fleece is thick and soft and is often used for blankets and outdoor gear.
Sherpa fleece is available in both mid-weight and heavy-weight varieties.
Microfleece
Microfleece is a thin and lightweight variety of fleece that's soft and comfortable to wear. This variety is breathable and moisture-wicking, making it a great choice for athletic gear and base layers.
Microfleece is also generally anti-static, which is a nice bonus.
Polar Fleece
Polar fleece is a popular variety that's warm, wind-resistant, and breathable. This variety of fleece is often used in outdoor gear and comes in a range of colors and patterns.
Polar fleece is available in mid-weight and can keep you warm and cozy in cold temperatures without being too bulky or heavy.
Final Thoughts
Fleece fabric is a versatile and cozy material that can be used in a wide range of applications. Understanding the width and weight of fleece and the different types available can help you choose the best variety for your needs.
Whether you're looking for something ultralight and breathable or heavy-weight and warm, there's a fleece variety out there that's perfect for you. Tips for
Choosing Fleece Fabric
Fleece fabric is a popular choice for clothing, blankets, and outdoor gear due to its softness, warmth, and durability.
However, with so many varieties available, it can be challenging to choose the right type for your needs. In this section, we'll explore some essential tips to keep in mind when selecting fleece fabric.
Do I Need Fleece Fabric? Before you start your search for fleece fabric, it's essential to consider whether you actually need it.
While fleece is a great material for its warmth and softness, it may not be suitable for every project. You'll also want to consider the cost of the fleece fabric and whether it's within your budget.
If you're not sure whether you need fleece, consider purchasing a small tester piece of fabric to see what it feels like and how it suits your needs. This small investment can help you determine whether fleece is the right material for your project.
What Will I Do with Fleece Fabric? Fleece fabric has many uses, from bonding it with other materials to creating standalone items and no-sew projects.
Before purchasing fleece, it's helpful to think about what you plan to do with it. How will you use the fabric, and what types of projects do you want to make?
If you're planning to use fleece as part of a larger project, make sure it will work well with any other materials you're using. For standalone projects, you'll want to make sure you have enough fabric to complete the project adequately.
No-sew projects, such as tie blankets, are a popular way to use fleece fabric. If you're planning to create a no-sew fleece project, make sure you have the right amount of fleece and that the fabric will suit your needs.
For example, if you're making a blanket, make sure the fleece is warm and thick enough to keep you cozy. High- or Low-Quality?
Fleece fabric is available in various brands and grades of quality. While it can be tempting to go for the cheapest option, keep in mind that a higher quality fleece will be more durable and last longer.
When comparing different quality levels, you may notice differences in thickness, softness, and insulating properties. Before committing to a particular brand or quality level, consider purchasing a tester piece of the fabric to see if it suits your needs and preferences.
This small investment can help you avoid purchasing an entire bolt of fleece that's not quite what you wanted. Will it Last?
The durability of fleece fabric can vary depending on the brand and quality level. When selecting fleece, it's important to consider how long it will last.
Will it stand up to frequent washing and wear, or will it start to pill and fade quickly? High-quality fleece fabric is typically more durable than low-quality fleece.
You'll also want to consider how frequently you'll be using the fabric and for what purposes. For items that will see frequent use, such as jackets or blankets, investing in a higher quality, more durable fleece is a wise choice.
What Color Do I Want? Fleece fabric is available in a wide range of colors and patterns, from solid colors to elaborate designs.
When selecting fleece, think about what color or pattern will suit your needs best. Consider the purpose of your project and whether you want your project to match any existing items.
Choosing a color or pattern that you enjoy and that suits your tastes is crucial, as it will impact your enjoyment of the project and the finished product. Keep in mind that some patterns may require more care than solid colors when it comes to matching up seams or incorporating into larger projects.
Final Thoughts
Fleece fabric is a great choice for clothing, blankets, and outdoor gear, but with so many varieties available, it can be challenging to select the right one. By keeping these tips in mindwhether you need fleece, what you'll do with it, the quality level, durability, and coloryou can find the best fleece fabric for your needs and ensure a beautiful finished project that lasts.
In conclusion, fleece fabric is a versatile and cozy material that's popular for clothing, blankets, and outdoor gear. Choosing the right fleece requires considering factors such as quality, durability, color, and intended use.
To help you make an informed decision, we've provided a list of frequently asked questions addressing key topics and providing accurate, informative answers to common concerns. With these tips and information, you can confidently select the best fleece fabric for your needs and create beautiful, long-lasting projects.
FAQs:
1. What are the weight categories for fleece fabric?
Answer: The four weight categories for fleece fabric are ultralight, lightweight, mid-weight, and heavy-weight. 2.
What is the standard width of fleece fabric? Answer: The standard width of fleece fabric is around 60 inches or 150 cm. | eng | fdea1c87-7ad2-45a4-ad7f-5feacbc8c942 | https://www.beyondthesize.com/the-ultimate-guide-to-fleece-fabric-types-dimensions-and-weight/ |
7 Tips to Help You Choose the Right Toothbrush
You'll spend more than 1,500 hours during your life brushing your teeth if you're brushing two times per day (and two minutes per time). So it's kind of important for you to choose the right type of toothbrush if you're going to be that "close and personal" with this bristly tool!
We have 7 tips below to help you enjoy your toothbrushing and to make the two minutes twice as day as impactful as possible on your oral health.
Buying a New Toothbrush: You should be switching to a new toothbrush as soon as the bristles on your current one start to fray or look worn. Figure that will happen about every 90 days if you are brushing twice a day for two minutes per brushing. Also, if you're ill, toss your current toothbrush. Those germs from your illness can stick to the head of your toothbrush and make you ill again.
Soft is Safe for Bristles: Soft is the way to go when it comes to the bristles on your toothbrush and the way you brush. Toothbrush heads with stiff bristles can actually damage your gums and teeth. The stiff bristles cause your gum tissue to recede from your teeth, exposing the root and leading to increased sensitivity to hot or cold food and beverages. In addition, the hard bristles can scratch the enamel on your teeth, exposing them to plaque (which causes cavities).
Head Shape Is Important: Be sure to take into account the shape and size of a toothbrush's head when you are choosing a new one. You should be able to easily brush your back molars with the toothbrush head, and the toothbrush should be comfortable in your mouth when you are brushing.
Get A Grip on A Good Handle: Comfort is the key here, since you'll be using your toothbrush twice a day. The handle of the toothbrush should be comfortable to hold, and long enough to reach all areas of your mouth. Also, be sure your toothbrush handle is wide enough for you to get a firm grip so it doesn't slip while you are brushing.
Don't Be Cheap: Buying a dozen no-name toothbrushes at a big-box store might seem like a steal for your pocketbook, but the real steal is from your oral health. If you purchase a toothbrush from a manufacturer you've never heard of, can you be sure the materials used to make the toothbrush are safe? Will they actually help your oral health or hurt it? Invest in a recognized brand for the best oral health care.
Make It ADA: Be sure to buy toothbrushes with the ADA (American Dental Association) Seal of Acceptance on the packaging. The ADA only awards its Seal if a company can prove through scientific evidence that its toothbrush is safe – and effective.
Is Color Important: If you consider the color of your toothbrush a big deal, then be sure to buy a color you adore. You'll be spending time twice a day holding that toothbrush, so the happier it makes you, the better!
Sources: The American Dental Association (ADA | eng | 5f0727ac-2d34-47c5-952c-ea5b429c345f | https://www.personalcaredentistry.com/7-tips-to-help-you-choose-the-right-toothbrush-3/ |
Nurturing Care for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (NDDs): A Cross-sectional Study in a Rural Setting in Kenya
PUBLICATIONS
RESOURCES
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PUBLICATIONS
Nurturing Care for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (NDDs): A Cross-sectional Study in a Rural Setting in Kenya
Early Childhood Development (ECD) and Human Development
July 2024
Short Report
Most studies about young children in (Low and Middle-Income Countries) LMICs have generally excluded children with NDDs, and therefore, little is known about the importance of interventions such as nurturing care to support their growth and development (1). Moreover, children with NDDs are often neglected by the health systems and experience inequality in health, nutrition, and wellbeing outcomes (2). Nurturing care has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pathway for addressing developmental needs and unlocking the full potential of children, including those with NDDs (3). Nurturing care refers to a stable caregiving environment that provides good health, adequate nutrition, opportunities for early learning, responsive caregiving, and safety and security. All children need nurturing care to thrive; however, children with NDDs require more intensive nurturing care strategies to survive and thrive (4 | eng | b95730d0-42af-49be-864e-b4dbbac46ac4 | https://aphrc.org/publication/nurturing-care-for-children-with-neurodevelopmental-disabilities-ndds-a-cross-sectional-study-in-a-rural-setting-in-kenya/ |
I sometimes spend too much time on grading students' homework in the class I am a TA for. I am asking if there are some ways to improve grading speed? I hope that I can learn some useful tips from experienced people here.
For example, which one do you think will be faster, grading student by student, or problem by problem?
2 Answers
2
I find it very helpful to write a grading rubric. It includes how many points I give for each part of each problem. I also include how many points of partial credit I give for various common errors. Typically, my key consists of a worked copy of the exam, and I make notes about each question on the actual exam. Generally, my rubric gets more detailed as I grade, since it's only then that I learn what are the common mistakes.
If I feel that I'm taking too long grading, I'll often start timing myself. Maybe I get at most 30 second per question (often less). This isn't a hard rule, but it helps me know what to aim for. (Recently I just graded a calculus exam, so most of the problems were pretty quick to grade.) Your mileage will vary from one subject to another.
I have experience in grading math Olympiad papers; one principle we adopted there is to always grade in pairs, with one pair grading a single problem, or more pairs sharing a long or tricky exercise. I recommend this strategy especially for grading more important papers such as final exams, where good accuracy is important.
It may seem that this is a waste of resources; however there are several benefits:
Accuracy increases much. A subtle error has to slip through two people instead of one.
You do not waste so much time as it seems at first sight. Grading often follows an 80-20 law: 80% of the papers takes you 20% of the time, while grading the remaining 20% consumes the remaining 80% of it. This may be due to particularly non-standard solutions, bad handwriting, or edge cases that evade your marking scheme (as suggested by Dan C, always have a marking scheme, especially if there are multiple pairs on the same problem, and discuss together the more complicated cases). So, while you waste some time by having two sets of eyeballs looking at the easier papers, it is often invaluable to have a ready help in the more complicated cases. Your colleague may be faster than you in spotting a definition that you missed, a hidden line of reasoning, or deciphering a strangely-looking hieroglyph. This saves a lot of time on the more complicated cases.
You will feel a lot less tired and find that you can go on with a steady rhythm for hours. You can chat together every now and then, share comments on good solutions, or make fun of particularly bad ones; this helps relieving tiredness.
Often we see one person trying to explain the solution to the other, or the pair spontaneously evolving a good cop-bad cop behaviour (one looks for weak points in the solution, the other defends the student). This method also doubles as training for beginner graders, that can learn from working with a more experienced partner. | eng | eb8420a9-ae6b-4d12-8fce-7148a89297de | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/3211/what-are-some-ways-to-increase-grading-speed |
Community Fitness Classes Schedule: The Ultimate Guide
Community Fitness Classes Schedule, In the dynamic world of fitness, community-based workouts have emerged as a beacon of health, connection, and vitality. In this blog post, we will delve into the rich tapestry of community fitness classes and explore the benefits, diversity, and logistics of community fitness class schedules.
The Diversity of Community Fitness Classes:
Community fitness classes come in a kaleidoscope of options, catering to various interests and fitness levels. From high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to yoga, dance, and specialized programs, these classes foster a sense of inclusivity, ensuring there's something for everyone.
Finding the Right Fit for You:
Choosing the right community fitness class is pivotal for a fulfilling experience. This section will guide readers on assessing their fitness goals, preferences, and limitations to align with the most suitable class.
Benefits of Joining Community Fitness Classes:
Explore the myriad benefits of participating in community fitness classes, from physical health improvements to mental well-being and the establishment of a supportive social network.
Understanding the Community Fitness Class Schedule:
Unravel the mystery of community fitness class schedules. This section will elucidate how schedules are structured, the variety of class times available, and how to navigate them effectively.
How to Register for Community Fitness Classes:
Step-by-step guidance on the registration process, ensuring a seamless entry into the world of community fitness. Including tips on securing a spot and understanding any prerequisites.
Success Stories and Testimonials:
Real-life success stories and testimonials from individuals who have reaped the benefits of community fitness classes. These anecdotes add a personal touch and inspire prospective participants.
Tips for Getting the Most Out of Your Community Fitness Classes:
Maximize the benefits of community fitness classes with practical tips on preparation, engagement, and post-class routines.
Community Fitness Classes for All Ages and Demographics:
Highlight the inclusivity of community fitness classes, emphasizing programs tailored for various age groups and demographics.
Nutrition and Wellness Workshops:
Connect the dots between physical activity and overall well-being by delving into the importance of nutrition and wellness workshops offered alongside community fitness classes.
The Future of Community Fitness:
An insightful glance into the evolving trends and innovations shaping the future of community fitness, ensuring readers stay ahead of the curve.
Promotions and Discounts:
Guidance on how to make the most of promotions and discounts, making community fitness classes even more accessible for everyone.
Conclusion:
Community Fitness Classes Schedule, Summarize the key takeaways, reinforcing the idea that community fitness classes are not just about physical exercise but about fostering a sense of belonging and holistic well-being | eng | 518cc9c0-b444-46d2-85c6-9ad0d17fd3a3 | https://www.crazzyhackers.com/community-fitness-classes-schedule-the-ultimate-guide/ |
Preschool Curriculum
Elyon Preschool
Holistic
Mentoring
Schedule
Elyon Preschool
Preschool education at ECS emphasizes the importance of fostering a child's natural curiosity and love of learning. We aim to nurture children to become independent and self-motivated learners with strong problem-solving and critical thinking skills.
ECS implements a curriculum that seamlessly combines Montessori, Design Thinking, and Multiple Intelligence Learning methods to create an active, hands-on learning experience for our students to experience physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual growth. The curriculum covers 6 of the following areas: Communication, Language and Literacy (Phoenics, English, Mandarin, Bahasa Indonesia; Creative Expression; Mathematics; Personal, Social and Emotional Development; Physical Development; and Understanding the World. These areas of studies are delivered in a way in which students are allowed to learn through exploration and discovery as well as creative thinking through exposure to different materials and activities provided by the teachers.
Students are able to explore their different interests and talents by participating in various extracurricular programs such as swimming, dancing, coding, piano, robotics, lego, and drawing lessons | eng | 8d14955b-adcb-4d96-8d24-5cc29d4d93d1 | https://elyon.sch.id/preschool/preschool-curriculum/ |
Stil[G]l all these mile[Am]s away from[G] home, that I'[F]ll never get [G]used to
Chorus
Bridge
[A#]Oh I'm there with, you in your heart, no matter how far a[C]part we are,
[A#]you're with me, everywhere you go, oh[F], oh, oh | eng | 60a09e58-1585-40f1-ad9f-2056732a4600 | https://www.chordie.com/chord.pere/www.guitaretab.com/numeric/3-doors-down/300912.html |
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Burning Bush
In a time where the issues of the day are more pressing than ever, such as Al Gore's prescient warnings about global warning and global climate changes, the American people have been duped and distracted by the specter of weapons of mass destruction. Haven't we already established that this war-cry has been found both premature and erroneous? While nuclear armament is an issue with which we should reckon, don't you reckon it didn't have to be strong-armed into a nation-defining war?
Bush is by far the worst president in American history. He has systematically turned the world against America, lied, cheated his way into office, condescended to the public, and generally made every decision based on greed and selfishness. He is responsible for the deaths of thousands of soldiers and civilians. He has ignored the needs of his own people in his own homeland, and then wrapped himself in the flag to avoid persecution. Other world leaders who have been guilty of this behavior have been deemed traitors and terrorists. Why is it that Bush can get away with it? How is it that he has not been hanged? What does the average citizen need, in order to see the light?
Comments
Burning Bush — No Comments | eng | 55dcc895-ac96-4207-85cd-acaca741664b | http://kellijaebaeli.com/burning-bush/ |
How to Take Care of Goats properly, taking care of them, and keeping them healthy. Get more info on Christian Homesteading.
Prepare a grazing area. This place should be spacious enough for the goats, provide protection, and be fun, for example by placing a large rock that the goats can climb on. Goats will forage in grazing. So, if you provide a large space, the goats will have plenty of food. Goats love plants, such as weeds, grass, and shrubs so grazing must provide a wide variety of crops. Goats will look for food and eat whatever is in the grazing.
Ideally, you should provide about 0.5 hectares or more of pasture for goat grazing. If you don't have a lot of land, you'll need to add additional food, such as hay and pellets. If you only have 2-4 small breed goats, 20 square meters of grazing space is enough if you add additional food. Build a strong fence around the pasture. In addition to keeping the goats from getting out, the fence will also prevent predators from entering. Goats are smart animals and can climb so they often get out of the cage. You must make a high fence that is difficult to climb, with a minimum size of 2 meters. Some goat owners install electric fences to prevent goats from leaving the cage.
You can build a strong fence by driving heavy wooden posts into the ground and filling it with concrete. After that, attach the safety with a small perforated wire mesh instead of a large one. Keep enrichment items away from the fence so the goats don't jump out. Goats usually won't get out of the fence if they're provided with plenty of space, plenty of food, comfortable housing, and entertainment. | eng | 3e81e0fb-fc93-4d98-9ae3-a6d0b8a2d9ba | https://www.parentsforoccupywallst.com/how-to-take-care-of-goats/ |
He said: "I think it's an amazing campaign, the fact that we even have to do this in the first place is crazy.
"The fact that people can't go and swim in the majority of places outdoors in the UK is pretty bad.
"It's pretty self-explanatory that this campaign has to happen. You can see from the amount of stuff on social media and through going out myself and doing litter picks and stuff, you see how much pollution is in our countryside.
"That's even more apparent in our waterways as well because that's where it ends up half the time, it's where it gets washed to.
"When you have big thunderstorms and rainstorms it gets put into the drains and then eventually it ends up in rivers and lakes and stuff.
"The fact that's the case is terrible, but it's amazing that Swim England and everyone behind it are aiming for cleaner waters and safer waters for everyone to use.
"It's amazing that it's something that is starting and I'm just happy to get behind it."
A main statistic, which shows the importance of the new campaign, was that sewage was pumped into rivers more than 400,000 times in 2020 alone.
Reacting to that startling stat, Litchfield added: "It blows your mind when you hear things like that really doesn't it?
"That's sewage you're dealing with there, that's something that we trust that the councils and the Government will deal with and sort out and be disposed of in a safe manner that's not going to affect anyone and it's not going to affect humans, it's not going to affect wildlife.
"Obviously that isn't happening and that is something that is very worrying.
"It's something that needs to be taken to the top and needs to change, and it's amazing that the campaign is able to get behind that."
The medley swimmer explained that he has always been 'climate conscious' and tries to do what he can.
The recent lockdowns as a result of the coronavirus pandemic have allowed Litchfield to ramp up his involvement.
He said: "I started researching a bit more with the spare time I had in lockdown and looking into things more with a company called Bambuu Brush who make bamboo toothbrushes.
"I saw a stat that was something like, every plastic toothbrush you've ever used is still on the planet today and it's still sat there in landfill, and that run home with me.
"I thought it's such an easy thing to change, and from there that spiralled into everything else and went into litter picking at one point during lockdown when I was back in Loughborough.
"Once you notice it, you can't not notice it. It's something that ever since then, myself, my family and friends, have just got into a bit more.
"It is crazy, when you do start looking, we've got such green countryside and you look and you think 'oh it's beautiful, it's not been touched by anyone' – but when you actually look closer you start seeing it more." | eng | d01f2c68-eda9-4c39-8696-5f7106c8b896 | https://www.swimming.org/openwater/max-litchfield-outdoor-swimming-pledge/ |
Why is 8 a sacredWhy is the number 8 so special?
In Pythagorean numerology (a pseudoscience) the number 8 represents victory, prosperity and overcoming. Eight (八, hachi, ya) is also considered a lucky number in Japan, but the reason is different from that in Chinese culture. Eight gives an idea of growing prosperous, because the letter (八) broadens gradually.
Why is 9 a sacred number?
In numerology, 9 is often associated with wisdom, spirituality, and completion. In many religions, there are references to the number 9 as being symbolic of divine completeness and fulfillment. For example, in Christianity, there are references to the nine fruits of the Holy Spirit.
8 - "New Beginnings" - Prophetic Numbers
Which God number is 9?
Brahma: The number 9 is associated with Brahma, the Hindu god of creation. Brahma is said to have created the universe in 9 days. Navaratri: Navaratri is a Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good over evil.
Why is the number 9 so powerful?
Each number profile has a different meaning, personality, influence, and impact. The number 9 is powerful. It represents completion, although not a final ending—more like the fulfillment of one cycle so that you can prepare to initiate the next one.
Is 8 an evil number?
In numerology, the 8 has not earned a very good reputation. The number 8 is looked upon as a number of sorrows, misery, struggle and death. The ruler of this number, Saturn is ruthless and does not let you have anything easy. You have to struggle for it; work for it and only then you get it.
Is 8 a mysticalWhat is the luckiest number in the universe?
There is a strong connection between the number seven and many religions around the globe. Lucky number 7 is even the basis for many myths and folklore. Ancient beliefs from around the world believed that the seventh son of the seventh son would be gifted with magical powers (both good and evil).
Why do Chinese people like the number 8?
Pronunciation: The number 8 is pronounced as "ba" in Mandarin, which sounds similar to the word for wealth or prosperity, "发" (fa). This phonetic similarity has led to the strong association of 8 with financial success and good fortune.
Why is 8 the most powerful number?
The number 8 is represented more than most numbers when analyzing people in positions of power or those with excessive wealth. The power and strength associated with number 8 are said to be feminine energy which can give you the strength to achieve your life's goals.
What is the number forIs the number 8 good luck?
"Eight" is a lucky number⠀
8 is the luckiest number in Chinese culture because his pronunciation "Ba" sounds similar to the word "fa", which means to make fortune. The number 8 is associated with wealth, prosperity, success and status and for this reason business men favor it very much.
Is 8 a bad luck number?
Octophobia is the fear of the number 8. If you're afraid of more than one number you have arithmophobia. In the United States, octophobia is not that common because the number eight is not a ubiquitous symbol of bad luck, the devil or other superstitions.
What is the mysterious number 8?
As a result, 8 is often associated with paradise. Muslims believe that there are seven hells but eight paradises, signifying God's mercy. In Buddhism 8 is a lucky number, possibly because of the eight petals of the lotus, a plant associated with luck in India and a favourite Buddhist symbol.
What is the unholy number?
In modern popular culture, 666 has become one of the most widely recognized symbols for the Antichrist or, alternatively, the devil. Earnest references to the number occur both among apocalypticist Christian groups and in explicitly anti-Christian subcultures.
What number is a curse?
The curse of 39, also referred to as triakontenneaphobia, is the fear of the number 39. In some parts of Afghanistan, the number is considered to be cursed or a badge of shame as it is purportedly linked with prostitution.
Is 9 a divine number?
Spiritual significance: In many spiritual and mystical traditions, the number 9 is considered a symbol of spiritual enlightenment and completion. It is often associated with higher consciousness, selflessness, and compassion.
What does 999 mean?
Synopsis. Angel Number 999 signifies completion and new beginnings. It urges trust in the process of life, brings closure to relationships and careers, and encourages reflection and growth. Embracing change, practicing non-resistance, and remaining open-hearted are key. Other angel numbers are also briefly discussed. | eng | b155356b-6265-4fd0-a5a4-4bbef88519ad | https://www.studycountry.com/wiki/why-is-8-a-sacred-number |
Water Rail
Did you know: The Water Rail, with its distinctive pig-like squeals and grunts, is more often heard than seen? This secretive bird prefers the cover of dense vegetation, making it challenging to spot.
What Do Water Rails Look Like? (How to Identify Them)
The Water Rail is smaller and slimmer than a Moorhen bird, with a secretive nature that makes it challenging to observe during the breeding season. Easily distinguishable by its chestnut-brown and black upper bodies, grey face and lower bodies, and black-and-white barred flanks, this bird boasts a long red-coloured bill.
During winter when it becomes more numerous, spotting the Water Rail becomes relatively easier.
Differences Between Male And Female Water Rails
The Water Rail exhibits minimal sexual dimorphism. Males typically weigh between 114-164g, while females are slightly lighter at 92-107g. The key distinguishing feature is the bill's size, with females having a slightly more slender bill. However, determining the sex based on measurements alone can be unreliable.
What Do Water Rails Eat?
Water Rails are omnivorous, with a diet primarily consisting of snails, small fish, and insects during the summer months. As winter approaches, they shift towards berries and plant stems.
The bird's territorial nature persists even after breeding, leading them to aggressively defend their feeding areas during winter.
Where Do Water Rails Live? (Including Migration Info)
Water Rails prefer well-vegetated wetlands, including reed beds and marshy sites with tall, dense vegetation. They construct nests above the water level using available plants. The species breeds in temperate Eurasia, from Iceland to North Africa and Saudi Arabia.
While some populations do migrate, those in milder regions are permanent residents. The peak migration period is from September to October, with a return to breeding grounds from March to mid-April.
Bird Calls & Songs (The Unique Voices of Water Rails)
Water Rails are vocal birds, known for their distinctive call, referred to as "sharming." This call, a series of grunts followed by a piglet-like squeal and more grunts, serves as a territorial marker, an alarm, and an announcement.
During courtship, both sexes engage in a tyick-tyick-tyick song, often ending with a trill from the female. The rail's vocalisations are most pronounced during territory establishment and early in the breeding season.
Fun Water Rail Facts (Kid Friendly)
Water Rails are not often seen in flight, as they prefer to migrate under the cover of darkness.
The winter call of Water Rails is often described as a 'pig-like' squeal, earning it the nickname 'sharming.'
This shy bird, a member of the crake family, is more frequently heard than seen, making it a challenging species to census.
Around 4,000 pairs of Water Rails breed in the UK, and during winter, individuals from Europe bolster their numbers.
Water Rails are versatile foragers, adapting to different hunting areas and exhibiting unique feeding behaviours, such as impaling or drowning prey.
Water Rail Water Rail Water Rail | eng | 44683be5-cbe6-4a40-87d6-6afeef76eb2e | https://binocularbase.com/bird/water-rail/ |
Guns, Germs and Steel - by Jared Diamond
Guns, Germs and Steel - by Jared Diamond
Reading "Guns, Germs and Steel" was a captivating experience as it shed light on the seemingly minor elements, such as germs, that have played monumental roles in shaping the course of human history
Notes
Here are some text that I highlighted in the book:
If we succeed in explaining how some people came to dominate other people, may this not seem to justify the domination? Doesn't it seem to say that the outcome was inevitable, and that it would therefore be futile to try to change the outcome today? This objection rests on a common tendency to confuse an explanation of causes with a justification or acceptance of results. What use one makes of a historical explanation is a question separate from the explanation itself. Understanding is more often used to try to alter an outcome than to repeat or perpetuate it. That's why psychologists try to understand the minds of murderers and rapists, why social historians try to understand genocide, and why physicians try to understand the causes of human disease. Those investigators do not seek to justify murder, rape, genocide, and illness. instead, they seek to use their understanding of a chain of causes to interrupt the chain.
The Americas' big animals had already survived the ends of 22 previous Ice Ages. Why did most of them pick the 23rd to expire in concert, in the presence of all those supposedly harmless humans? Why did they disappear in all habitats, not only in habitats that contracted but also in ones that greatly expanded at the end of the last Ice Age? Hence I suspect that Clovis hunters did it, but the debate remains unresolved. Whichever theory proves correct, most large wild mammal species that might otherwise have later been domesticated by Native Americans were thereby removed.
Archaeologists date food production by radiocarbon dating of carbon-containing materials at the site. This method is based on the slow decay of radioactive carbon 14, a very minor component of carbon, the ubiquitous building block of life, into the nonradioactive isotope nitrogen 14. Carbon 14 is continually being generated in the atmosphere by cosmic rays. Plants take up atmospheric carbon, which has a known and approximately constant ratio of carbon 14 to the prevalent isotope carbon 12 (a ratio of about one to a million). That plant carbon goes on to form the body of the herbivorous animals that eat the plants, and of the carnivorous animals that eat those herbivorous animals. Once the plant or animal dies, though, half of its carbon 14 content decays into carbon 12 every 5,700 years, until after about 40,000 years the carbon 14 content is very low and difficult to measure or to distinguish from contamination with small amounts of modern materials containing carbon 14. Hence the age of material from an archaeological site can be calculated from the material's carbon 14/carbon 12 ratio.
Just make a few changes, and you have the famous first sentence of Tolstoy's great novel Anna Karenina: "Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way." By that sentence, Tolstoy meant that, in order to be happy, a marriage must succeed in many different respects: sexual attraction, agreement about money, child discipline, religion, in-laws, and other vital issues. Failure in any one of those essential respects can doom a marriage even if it has all the other ingredients needed for happiness. This principle can be extended to understanding much else about life besides marriage.
Playing marriage counselor to the zebra/human couple and other ill-sorted pairs, we can recognize at least six groups of reasons for failed domestication.
Diet. Every time that an animal eats a plant or another animal, the conversion of food biomass into the consumer's biomass involves an efficiency of much less than 100 percent: typically around 10 percent.
Growth Rate. To be worth keeping, domesticates must also grow quickly.
Nasty Disposition. Naturally, almost any mammal species that is sufficiently large is capable of killing a human.
Tendency to Panic. Big mammalian herbivore species react to danger from predators or humans in different ways. Some species are nervous, fast, and programmed for instant flight when they perceive a threat. Other species are slower, less nervous, seek protection in herds, stand their ground when threatened, and don't run until necessary.
Social Structure
Finally, many herd species, including again most deer and antelope, do not have a well-defined dominance hierarchy and are not instinctively prepared to become imprinted on a dominant leader (hence to become misimprinted on humans).
What gave the Spaniards a decisive advantage was smallpox, which reached Mexico in 1520 with one infected slave arriving from Spanish Cuba. The resulting epidemic proceeded to kill nearly half of the Aztecs, including Emperor Cuitlahuac. Aztec survivors were demoralized by the mysterious illness that killed Indians and spared Spaniards, as if advertising the Spaniards' invincibility. By 1618, Mexico's initial population of about 20 million had plummeted to about 1.6 million.
When I was young, American schoolchildren were taught that North America had originally been occupied by only about one million Indians. That low number was useful in justifying the white conquest of what could be viewed as an almost empty continent. However, archaeological excavations, and scrutiny of descriptions left by the very first European explorers on our coasts, now suggest an initial number of around 20 million Indians. For the New World as a whole, the Indian population decline in the century or two following Columbus's arrival is estimated to have been as large as 95 percent. The main killers were Old World germs to which Indians had never been exposed, and against which they therefore had neither immune nor genetic resistance. Smallpox, measles, influenza, and typhus[伤寒] competed for top rank among the killers. As if these had not been enough, diphtheria[白喉], malaria, mumps[腮腺炎], pertussis[百日咳], plague, tuberculosis[结核], and yellow fever came up close behind. In countless cases, whites were actually there to witness the destruction occurring when the germs arrived. For example, in 1837 the Mandan Indian tribe, with one of the most elaborate cultures in our Great Plains, contracted smallpox from a steamboat traveling up the Missouri River from St. Louis. The population of one Mandan village plummeted from 2,000 to fewer than 40 within a few weeks.
Somehow, the first scribes solved all those problems, without having in front of them any example of the final result to guide their efforts. That task was evidently so difficult that there have been only a few occasions in history when people invented writing entirely on their own. The two indisputably independent inventions of writing were achieved by the Sumerians of Mesopotamia somewhat before 3000 B.C. and by Mexican Indians before 600 B.C.; Egyptian writing of 3000 B.C. and Chinese writing (by 1300 B.C.) may also have arisen independently. Probably all other peoples who have developed writing since then have borrowed, adapted, or at least been inspired by existing systems.
A good example is the history of Thomas Edison's phonograph, the most original invention of the greatest inventor of modern times. When Edison built his first phonograph in 1877, he published an article proposing ten uses to which his invention might be put. They included preserving the last words of dying people, recording books for blind people to hear, announcing clock time, and teaching spelling. Reproduction of music was not high on Edison's list of priorities. A few years later Edison told his assistant that his invention had no commercial value. Within another few years he changed his mind and did enter business to sell phonographs but for use as office dictating machines. When other entrepreneurs created jukeboxes by arranging for a phonograph to play popular music at the drop of a coin, Edison objected to this debasement, which apparently detracted from serious office use of his invention. Only after about 20 years did Edison reluctantly concede that the main use of his phonograph was to record and play music.
From a patent lawyer's perspective, the ideal invention is one that arises without any precursors, like Athene springing fully formed from the forehead of Zeus. In reality, even for the most famous and apparently decisive modern inventions, neglected precursors lurked behind the bald claim "X invented Y." For instance, we are regularly told, "James Watt invented the steam engine in 1769," supposedly inspired by watching steam rise from a teakettle's spout. Unfortunately for this splendid fiction, Watt actually got the idea for his particular steam engine while repairing a model of Thomas Newcomen's steam engine, which Newcomen had invented 57 years earlier and of which over a hundred had been manufactured in England by the time of Watt's repair work. Newcomen's engine, in turn, followed the steam engine that the Englishman Thomas Savery patented in 1698, which followed the steam engine that the Frenchman Denis Papin designed (but did not build) around 1680, which in turn had precursors in the ideas of the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens and others. All this is not to deny that Watt greatly improved Newcomen's engine (by incorporating a separate steam condenser and a double-acting cylinder), just as Newcomen had greatly improved Savery's.
Similar histories can be related for all modern inventions that are adequately documented. The hero customarily credited with the invention followed previous inventors who had had similar aims and had already produced designs, working models, or (as in the case of the Newcomen steam engine) commercially successful models. Edison's famous "invention" of the incandescent light bulb on the night of October 21, 1879, improved on many other incandescent light bulbs patented by other inventors between 1841 and 1878. Similarly, the Wright brothers' manned powered airplane was preceded by the manned unpowered gliders of Otto Lilienthal and the unmanned powered airplane of Samuel Langley; Samuel Morse's telegraph was preceded by those of Joseph Henry, William Cooke, and Charles Wheatstone; and Eli Whitney's gin for cleaning short-staple (inland) cotton extended gins that had been cleaning long-staple (Sea Island) cotton for thousands of years. All this is not to deny that Watt, Edison, the Wright brothers, Morse, and Whitney made big improvements and thereby increased or inaugurated commercial success.
This book, like probably every other typed document you have ever read, was typed with a QWERTY keyboard, named for the left-most six letters in its upper row. Unbelievable as it may now sound, that keyboard layout was designed in 1873 as a feat of anti-engineering. It employs a whole series of perverse tricks designed to force typists to type as slowly as possible, such as scattering the commonest letters over all keyboard rows and concentrating them on the left side (where right-handed people have to use their weaker hand). The reason behind all of those seemingly counterproductive features is that the typewriters of 1873 jammed if adjacent keys were struck in quick succession, so that manufacturers had to slow down typists. When improvements in typewriters eliminated the problem of jamming, trials in 1932 with an efficiently laid-out keyboard showed that it would let us double our typing speed and reduce our typing effort by 95 percent. But QWERTY keyboards were solidly entrenched by then. The vested interests of hundreds of millions of QWERTY typists, typing teachers, typewriter and computer salespeople, and manufacturers have crushed all moves toward keyboard efficiency for over 60-years.
The country had a numerous warrior class, the samurai, for whom swords rated as class symbols and works of art (and as means for subjugating the lower classes). Japanese warfare had previously involved single combats between samurai swordsmen, who stood in the open, made ritual speeches, and then took pride in fighting gracefully. Such behavior became lethal in the presence of peasant soldiers ungracefully blasting away with guns. In addition, guns were a foreign invention and grew to be despised, as did other things foreign in Japan after 1600. The samurai-controlled government began by restricting gun production to a few cities, then introduced a requirement of a government license for producing a gun, then issued licenses only for guns produced for the government, and finally reduced government orders for guns, until Japan was almost without functional guns again.
Let us now summarize how variations in these three factorstime of onset of food production, barriers to diffusion, and human population sizeled straightforwardly to the observed intercontinental differences in the development of technology. Eurasia (effectively including North Africa) is the world's largest landmass, encompassing the largest number of competing societies. It was also the landmass with the two centers where food production began the earliest: the Fertile Crescent and China. Its east-west major axis permitted many inventions adopted in one part of Eurasia to spread relatively rapidly to societies at similar latitudes and climates elsewhere in Eurasia. Its breadth along its minor axis (northsouth) contrasts with the Americas' narrowness at the Isthmus of Panama. It lacks the severe ecological barriers transecting the major axes of the Americas and Africa. Thus, geographic and ecological barriers to diffusion of technology were less severe in Eurasia than in other continents. Thanks to all these factors, Eurasia was the continent on which technology started its post-Pleistocene acceleration earliest and resulted in the greatest local accumulation of technologies. | eng | c89b531e-0b64-4b7c-a99f-d0f8acfb57c5 | https://chengnie.com/notes/guns-germs-and-steel |
50+ Fierce Female Warrior Names
You want your little girl to grow into a strong independent woman, which is why you should consider giving her one of these female warrior names.
Every woman deserves the opportunity to feel as fierce as a warrior. Use these badass girl names as a reference list when searching for baby names. Or, use this list as a guide for character names in your incredible script or novel. By giving your little girl or character names that mean "warrior", you're empowering her to grow up and become one. Browse the list of female warrior names below to find the perfect girl names for your warrior princess.
'A' Girl Names
Aoife- This Irish name is derived from the word "aoibh" which means beauty. In an Irish legend, Aoife was a warrior princess.
Armina- A German name meaning "warrior maiden".
Aella- This Greek name derived from the word "Aellô," which means storm wind or whirlwind. Aella was an Amazon warrior in Greek mythology.
Audhild- This Norse name means "rich warrior woman".
Alala- Greek name meaning "war-like" which is why in Greek mythology, Alala was Ares sister and also deemed the personification of the war cry.
Andronika- Feminine form of "Andronikos," a Greek name standing for "victory of a man/warrior".
Aife- This name stems from a story where an Irish woman named Aife lived in Scotland with other Druid women. There she trained young Celtic noblemen in the art of love and war.
Ailbhe- This is an Irish/Gaelic unisex name the stems from an Irish legend where Ailbhe was a female warrior of the Fianna.
'B' Girl Names
Bellona- Derived form Latin, this Roman name comes from the word "bellum" which means "to fight". In Roman Mythology, Bellona was a goddess of war even before Mars and Ares.
Beadu- A Norse baby name meaning "warrior maid".
Beda- A Welsh name meaning "warrior maid".
Borghildr- This Old Norse name means "helpful battle maid" exemplified in mythology by Borghildr, the goddess of the evening mist who slayed the sun each night.
Berrma- A Teutonic name meaning "outstanding warrior maiden".
Brunhilde- In Scandanavian folklore, Brunhilde was a royal maiden whose power reigned even farther than the sea.
'C' Girl Names
Cahira- An Irish name meaning "warrior".
Camilla- A Roman name that exemplifies the warrior maiden and Volsci queen, Camilla, from mythology.
Cammi- A French derived name meaning "free-born and noble". In Virgil's Aeneid, Cammi was the swift-running warrior maid.
Ceallach- This Gaelic name stands for "warrior maid".
'E' Girl Names
Enyo- This Roman name represents Enyo, the goddess of war that was constantly covered in blood, holding weapons, and known as the "waster of cities".
Eferhild- An English name meaning "bear" or "warrior maiden".
Edwige- A French name that stands for "war".
'G' Girl Names
Gertrude- A German name that means "spear of strength".
Gerry- Full name, "Geraldine", stems from the masculine name "Gerald" which means "ruling spear".
Gerta- This Teutonic baby name means "warrior".
Gertraud- A Teutonic name standing for "warrior".
'H' Girl Names
Harimanna- A German derived name meaning "warrior maiden".
Hildegunn- This Norse derived name means "warrior woman".
Hilda- This name has several derivations from English, German, Norse, Swedish, and Teutonic. The Anglo-Saxon meaning is "war"; the English meaning is "battle maid"; the German meaning is "battle"; the Norse meaning is "Valkyrie"; the Swedish meaning is "fighter"; the teutonic meaning is "battle maiden".
'I' Girl Names
Ildiko- This Teutonic name stands for "warrior".
'K' Girl Names
Kerta- A Teutonic derived name meaning "warrior".
Kelley- A Gaelic name meaning "lively" or "aggressive".
Kayleigh- An English derived name meaning "keeper of the keys" or "pure".
'L' Girl Names
Lois- This name has several derivations from the Bible, French, German, Teutonic, and America. The biblical derivation is "better"; the French derivation is from the German name "Helewidis" meaning "hale and wide"; the German derivation is "feminine famous warrior"; the Teutonic derivation is "holy"; and the American derivation is "holy".
Liusaidh- This Gaelic name means "warrior".
Lace- This French name is derived from "Lacey" which at one point was a French Nobleman's surname.
Louella- This French name stands for "famous warrior" and "renowned fighter".
Louise- Derived from French, German, and Teutonic, this name means "famous warrior", "renowned fighter", or "famous in war".
Luria- An English name meaning "brave lioness".
Loyce- A strong German name meaning "renowned warrior".
Luana- The German derivation of this name means "graceful battle maiden" while the Hawaiian derivation means "content" or "happy".
Luijzika- This strong German name means "renowned warrior".
'M' Girl Names
Myrina- This Greek name represents woman who are strong like "an Amazon".
Marcella- The French, Latin, and Teutonic derivations of this name all mean "warring".
'O' Girl Names
Owena- This Welsh name stands for "young warrior".
'P' Girl Names
Ptolema- This Greek name is the feminine form of Ptolemy which means "aggressive" or "warlike".
'R' Girl Names
Ragna- A Norse name meaning "goddess" or "warrior".
Romilda- This Teutonic name means "glorious battle maiden".
Ragnild- The Norse derivation of this name means "goddess" or "warrior" while the Teutonic derivation means "wise strength".
'T' Girl Names
Toril- This Norse name stands for "Thor-inspired fighting".
Truda- This German baby name means "fighting woman".
'V' Girl Names
Valda- The German derivation of this name means "power" or "rule" while the Teutonic derivation is "spirited in war".
'Z' Girl Names | eng | e984dda4-a2d0-49bb-a1ae-501955838b71 | https://thoughtcatalog.com/january-nelson/2018/06/female-warrior-names/ |
How to Set up PS5 With Optimal Settings for Performance and Visuals
Are you excited to get your PS5 up and running? Setting it up correctly can ensure you get the best performance and visuals possible.
Follow this guide to get your PS5 connected and ready to go, with all the right settings to get the most out of your gaming experience.
We'll cover:
Power and connectivity
System settings
Video and audio outputs
Default settings
Troubleshooting
Let's get started!
Power & Connectivity
Once you've plugged in your PS5, you'll need to make sure it's getting the power it needs to run optimally.
Connect the power cord to the power outlet and then to the PS5. If you're using a surge protector, make sure it's plugged into the wall outlet and the PS5 is plugged into the surge protector.
Next, you'll need to connect your PS5 to your TV. Use an HDMI cable to connect the PS5 and your TV. Make sure the cable is plugged into the HDMI ports labeled 'HDMI OUT' on the PS5 and the 'HDMI IN' on your TV.
Finally, connect your controller to your PS5 by pressing the PlayStation button on the controller and the PS5.
That's it! Make sure all connections are secure and your PS5 is ready to run.
System Settings
To get the most out of your PS5, it's important to adjust the settings for optimal performance and visuals.
For the best gaming experience, configure the system settings as follows:
Set your resolution to 4K for stunning visuals.
Activate HDR to make the games look more vibrant and realistic.
Adjust the frame rate to 120 Hz for a smooth gaming experience.
Enable auto-low latency mode to reduce input lag.
Keep in mind that these settings may affect performance, so be sure to experiment and find the balance between visuals and performance that works best for you.
Video & Audio Outputs
Once you've adjusted the system settings, you'll need to configure the video and audio outputs for the best experience.
To ensure you get the most out of your PS5, start by connecting your TV using an HDMI cable. This will allow you to take advantage of the console's 4K resolution.
Next, you'll want to select the appropriate video output settings. Head to the Settings menu and choose the 'Video Output' option. Here, you'll be able to select the resolution, frame rate, and color depth you want.
Finally, adjust the audio settings to match your TV's capabilities. Set it to Dolby Digital or DTS for the best sound quality.
This will ensure you get the best performance and visuals from your PS5.
Default Settings
Once you've adjusted your video and audio output settings, you'll want to make sure the default settings are set up correctly. This includes:
Setting the controller LED brightness.
Turning off voice chat if you don't plan to use it.
Choosing your preferred language.
Adjusting the console's background and system music.
These settings are all easily accessible from the console's home screen, allowing you to customize your experience with no difficulty.
Don't forget to save any changes you make to ensure they won't revert back to their original settings.
With the default settings in place, your PS5 will be ready to go, providing the best performance and visuals possible.
Troubleshooting
If you're having any trouble getting your PS5 set up, don't worry–just troubleshoot the issue. You can start by ensuring all cables are connected properly. If that doesn't solve the issue, you can try resetting your console. To do this, press and hold the power button for 7 seconds. If the console still won't turn on, it may need to be serviced.
Issue
Solution
Cables not connected properly
Ensure cables are properly connected
Console won't turn on
Press and hold power button for 7 seconds
Console still won't turn on
Contact customer service for service
Frequently Asked Questions
What Type of Internet Connection Is Best for the Ps5?
You'll want to use a high-speed internet connection for the best gaming experience on the PS5. A fiber-optic connection is ideal, but a cable connection will also work well.
Are There Any Additional Accessories I Need to Purchase to Set up My Ps5?
No, you don't need to purchase any additional accessories to set up your PS5. All the necessary equipment comes with the console, so you're all set.
Is There a Way to Transfer My Saved Data From an Older Console to the Ps5?
Yes, you can transfer your saved data from an older console to the PS5. Just use a USB drive to copy the files and then transfer them to the PS5.
Can I Use My Existing Gaming Headset With the Ps5?
Yes, you can! Most gaming headsets will work with the PS5, regardless of which console they were originally made for.
Are There Any Additional Fees Associated With Setting up a Ps5?
No, there aren't any additional fees associated with setting up a PS5. You don't need to pay anything extra to get your console up and running.
Conclusion
Overall, setting up the PS5 with the optimal settings for performance and visuals isn't difficult. With the right power and connectivity, system settings, video and audio outputs, and default settings, you can easily get your PS5 running at peak performance. | eng | b01975ed-5af8-4a4e-afb5-dde8952430ec | https://birdsongbnb.com/how-to-set-up-ps5-with-optimal-settings-for-performance-and-visuals/ |
News • Profession pressures
Covid-19 pandemic triggered surge in medical staff intention to leave
As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, the number of nurses and doctors considering leaving their hospital jobs increased substantially, a recent article by the EU-funded METEOR Project shows.
The study, published in PLoS One, stresses the need to create strategies to counteract this tendency, as it endangers the quality of medical care. In the article, Neeltje de Vries, Laura Maniscalco, Domenica Matranga, José Bouman and Peter de Winter analysed articles in four scientific literature databases: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science, discussing the impact of Covid-19 on nurses' and doctors' job retention and turnover.
The study found that 38% of nurses declared their intention to leave their current hospital job and 28% to exit the profession. Similarly, 29% of physicians intended to leave their current positions, and 24% wanted to quit the medical field. "Our study revealed that Covid-19 exacerbated the existing problem of medical staff retention," said Neeltje de Vries, an expert in nursing science from Spaarne Gasthuis. "The lesson learnt is that future pandemics or sudden surges in healthcare demand can lead to an outflow of nurses and doctors, putting even more strain on our healthcare system."
The study found that during the Covid-19 pandemic, thoughts about quitting were triggered by a complex mix of causes, such as the fear of the virus and limited availability of protective equipment, as well as individual factors like age, experience, and burnout. "This systematic review revealed burnout symptoms as a primary cause that correlated with the intention to leave during the Covid-19 pandemic," said Laura Maniscalco, a researcher at Università degli Studi di Palermo. "Stress, heavy workloads and working night shifts have all contributed to the exhaustion of workers. As previous research shows, epidemics negatively impact the mental health of nurses and physicians, in some cases leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)."
Experienced nurses and physicians felt overwhelmed by the pandemic, possibly never having seen a crisis like this before despite their years of practice
Neeltje de Vries
While previous literature showed that in normal times more experienced medical workers were less likely to quit their hospital jobs, the pandemic significantly increased seasoned workers' willingness to leave. "Experienced nurses and physicians felt overwhelmed by the pandemic, possibly never having seen a crisis like this before despite their years of practice," said Neeltje de Vries. "Many of them were also in fear for their own lives, which could have contributed to them wanting to quit."
The paper underscored the urgent need for hospital managers to address the crisis that is still impacting medical personnel. Research shows that by targeting key determinants such as fear, burnout, and lack of support, hospitals could foster a supportive environment that retains experienced personnel and attracts new talent, enhancing the quality of services. | eng | 1884be1c-f9e6-4de5-b0dc-390bf9fc5653 | https://healthcare-in-europe.com/en/news/covid-19-pandemic-medical-staff-intention-to-leave.html |
A new SPE report looks at the role of cities in Europe in contributing to energy transition
Taking real-life examples from cities across the continent, the report stresses the importance of cities in deploying solar PV with their limited space
Report advocates the importance of solar industry working in tandem with municipalities to power cities with this clean energy source
While governments across Europe are formulating national level policies to promote the development of renewables especially solar PV, cities on the frontline can play a major role in accelerating decarbonization more so by learning from their peers. To explore the challenges and opportunities cities face in the task, SolarPower Europe (SPE) has published a new report, using the real work of 33 cities.
Titled Solar Cities: 21 solar solutions for the city energy transition, the report is a first of its kind, according to the association, acting as a guide for the solar sector on how to strengthen their cooperation with the cities and the network of local authorities.
In charge of Strategic Partnerships, EU Policy and Overall Coordination, Energy Cities, Claire Roumet called solar a 'safe investment' for municipalities since 80% of energy consumption in the European Union (EU) is linked to urban activity.
As urban populations continue to grow, demand for sustainable electricity, transport, heating and cooling is on the rise too and this is where solar energy can help bring affordable and reliable energy supply. Yet, with limited land space, cities face challenges in deploying solar which can exclude citizens from accessing its benefits thereby delaying energy transition, according to the report.
The 21 solar solutions it provides, come with case studies of some cities having faced the challenges and figured out solutions on technical and regulatory levels, that others can learn from. Here are a few positive examples:
Cities can learn from the energy sharing scheme Inclusive Communities Program of Greenvolt in Portugal, under which its solar panels cover more than 50% of the local social institution Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Cascais (SCMC) operated kindergarten to cover its daytime consumption.
They can also pick points from The Future of Solar or Framtidens Solel program in Sweden that aims to promote investment in solar energy among small and medium enterprises (SME) by breaking down knowledge barriers around regulations and market intelligence to increase its uptake in this segment.
A total of 61 municipal rooftops in France's Marseille are equipped with rooftop solar panels and aims to install the same on 60 more roofs. To ensure its targets are met, the city is encouraging training of solar installers through the French solar school Ecode de Production des Energies au Sud.
"All the local-scale projects in this report are inspiring examples, paving the path to broader deployment of solar power and renewable energy across Europe, and showing how much cities, regions, and energy agencies, are key stakeholders in ramping up the energy transition," said President of Fedarene and Managing Director of Regea (HR), Julije Domac.
The report is available for free download on SolarPower Europe's website | eng | 7de4e003-cd3e-4c8e-a1bf-689558a73b9c | https://reads.alibaba.com/new-report-solar-power-for-cities/ |
Companies using ip-api
`ip-api` is a web service that provides geolocation data for IP addresses. It allows users to retrieve information such as the country, city, region, and latitude/longitude coordinates associated with a given IP address. The service also provides data on internet service providers (ISPs) and organization names associated with IP addresses. Users can make requests to the `ip-api` service via HTTP or HTTPS protocols and receive JSON formatted responses. This service can be useful for websites that need to tailor content or display location-specific information based on the user's geo-location. Additionally, it can be used for security purposes to block traffic from certain countries or regions.
Start an outbound campaign?
Using ip-api for finding leads
The list of companies using ip-api provides a wealth of opportunities for sales teams in their lead prospecting. Through ip-api, these companies demonstrate a need to track, assess, and manage IP addresses, a requirement synonymous with industries that place high emphasis on geographic information for their services or products. It thus helps to pinpoint businesses that can benefit from offers involving region-targeted strategies, cybersecurity, and data analytics.
The value of this list comes from understanding the usage patterns and needs associated with ip-api. The listed companies may deal with applications like geolocation, IP tracking, digital marketing or e-commerce, where the location information of clients plays a critical role. This insight gives an upper hand to sales teams offering services or products related to these areas. In addition, the use of ip-api often indicates a larger scale of operation, filtering out prospective entities that are likely to have substantial budgets.
For a sales team, the list serves multiple purposes. It acts as a pre-qualified collective of potential leads who are proven to value data-driven strategies. Furthermore, the list can streamline the process of identifying growth niches or industries that are yet untapped by the competition.
Additionally, knowing which companies use ip-api provides the ability to create tailored outreach strategies. A business that uses ip-api is likely dealing with certain challenges inherent to IP address management and geolocation services. By understanding these challenges, sales professionals can craft personalized pitches, proposing solutions for complex issues faced by these companies, thereby increasing conversion rates.
Whether seeking to expand market share, increase sales or identifying new opportunities, having a list of companies that use ip-api is truly a beneficial tool for every sales team. It's not just a list, it's a strategic roadmap for realizing revenue growth. | eng | c27dceb8-5844-466e-9316-8ee39140770e | https://webtastic.ai/technologies/ip-api |
This land is mine
On the way to the Holy land
Last minute preparations are being made towards the Jewish people's entry into the Promised Land. The excitement is building up as each tribe is about to be allocated their portion. The central directive that appeared in Parashat Pinchas is repeated in Parashat Masei, "You shall give the Land as an inheritance to your families by lot; to the large, you shall give a larger inheritance and to the small you shall give a smaller inheritance; wherever the lot falls shall be his; according to the tribes of your fathers, you shall inherit."
The above verse presents two different methods of dividing the land: by lottery and by common-sense reasoning, according to the size of each tribe. The sages describe a third, intermediate method, via Divine spirit:
Elazar [the kohen] donned the urim vetumim and Joshua and the entire Jewish people stood before him. A ballot of the tribes and a ballot of the borders stood by him. He [Elazar] would predict the matches through Divine spirit [according to the urim vetumim] and say [for example], "Zevulun will be drawn and the border of Acre will be drawn with him." He drew a lot from the tribes' ballot and Zevulun was in hand, he drew a lot from the borders' ballot and the border of Acre was in hand… and so it was for each and every tribe.
Common-sense, intuition, and faith
Before we see how these methods of dividing the land correspond to our current generation, we will first note their correspondence to three ways of serving God at three different levels of the psyche.
The first way of serving God is through action, by keeping His commandments. Our actions are governed by the intellect (שֵׂכֶל), which judges which actions are permitted and which are forbidden according to Torah law. This corresponds to dividing the land relative to the size of the tribe, which is a common-sense concern.
The second way we serve God is by refining our emotions in a way that goes beyond keeping to the letter of the law. This we achieve by cultivating our intuition and by developing a sensitivity that comes from an inner knowledge (דַּעַת) of God. This way corresponds to dividing the land according to Divine spirit, through the urim vetumim, which lay upon Elazar's heart.
The third and highest level of serving God is through faith (אֱמוּנָה) and a dedication that is above all reason, so much so that we totally devote our life to Him. This manifests our direct connection to the Almighty and corresponds to dividing the land by a lottery, the results of which rely entirely on His will.
God gave this land to me
Now, there are three reasons why we should hold on to the land and not give even one millimeter of it to others. These three reasons similarly correspond to the three ways the land was divided when the Jewish people first crossed its borders.
The first reason is above all, the holiness of the land that God has given us. This reason corresponds to dividing the land by lottery. The land of Israel is our fortune, an indispensible part of our inherent Jewish faith.
The second reason is a more emotional one, the need to express our gratitude to the Almighty who has given us this land as our heritage; we cannot give away our beloved gift!
The third reason is the one the Lubavitcher Rebbe emphasized in particular: the security factor, which is pure common-sense.
Miraculously, the results of all three methods of dividing the land were absolutely identical, and so, whatever the reason for keeping the land, the results will always be the same: the whole land of Israel for the Jewish people. | eng | 0b00a7d5-c3eb-4b87-84c8-4096f12e750f | https://inner.org/this-land-is-mine/ |
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Courage in Every Step: The Inspiring Words of an Unnamed Spartan Mother
Title: Courage in Every Step: The Inspiring Words of an Unnamed Spartan Mother
Introduction
"Son, with each step you take, bear courage in mind." These powerful words, spoken by an unnamed Spartan mother to her lame son as she sent him off to battle, symbolize resilience and determination in the face of adversity. These words passed down through generations, have become synonymous with the Spartan spirit and their unwavering commitment to bravery and honor. This article will delve into this poignant quote's meaning, historical context, and enduring significance.
The Quote and Its Meaning
The words, "Son, with each step you take, bear courage in mind," are a reminder that true courage is not about being fearless but rather about facing one's fears and pushing through obstacles despite the odds. The Spartan mother recognized her son's physical limitations, yet she urged him to carry on with a brave heart and a determined spirit. In essence, she was imparting the message that courage is a state of mind that can be harnessed to overcome any challenge, no matter how impossible.
Historical Context
The Spartan society, which flourished in ancient Greece between the 8th and 4th centuries BCE, was a warrior culture that emphasized physical fitness, discipline, and military prowess. In this society, men were expected to be fierce warriors and protectors of their city-state. At the same time, women played a vital role in raising strong, disciplined children who would become the next generation of warriors.
Mothers held a unique position in Spartan society, as they were responsible for instilling the values of bravery, honor, and patriotism in their children. It was common for Spartan mothers to send their sons off to battle with the poignant phrase, "Return with your shield, or on it," meaning that they were expected to return victorious or die fighting.
The unnamed Spartan mother's quote to her lame son encapsulates the essence of Spartan philosophy. Despite her son's physical disability, she believed he could still contribute to the battlefield through courage, determination, and mental strength. Her words serve as a testament to the indomitable spirit of the Spartan people.
Enduring Significance
Throughout history, the quote has transcended its original context to become a symbol of courage, resilience, and the power of the human spirit. It has resonated with countless individuals who have faced adversity, whether in the form of personal challenges, societal injustices, or the horrors of war. The words of the Spartan mother serve as a reminder that courage is not the absence of fear but rather the choice to face that fear head-on and persevere.
In contemporary society, this quote is often invoked to inspire strength and determination in the face of life's many challenges. It has been used in various forms of media, from motivational speeches and self-help books to films and documentaries, to encourage people to tap into their inner reserves of courage and forge ahead in the face of adversity.
Conclusion
The powerful words of the unnamed Spartan mother, "Son, with each step you take, bear courage in mind," serve as an enduring symbol of courage, resilience, and the power of the human spirit. These words, spoken centuries ago, inspire people from all walks of life to face their fears and push through their limitations, proving that true courage is a state of mind that can be harnessed to overcome any obstacle. | eng | 3342f6fa-be0d-4ee3-9fea-a4e0f72bae82 | https://www.juniorleadership.net/post/courage-in-every-step-the-inspiring-words-of-an-unnamed-spartan-mother |
21st-century skills, SPED and Robots
About five years ago, I worked with a group of students with intellectual disabilities and behavioral challenges. In searching for strategies and materials, I came up with the idea of using collaborative activities to promote communication, teamwork, and collaboration as 21st-century skills. I wrote a proposal and purchased some Lego Mindstorm robots, and it was magical to see how they developed skills through something that motivated them so much.
Then we create social stories, and they code the robot to express the particular emotion. That's why I love technology, is magic.
Hello Bryan
In the 21st century, honing 21st-century skills like critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration has become increasingly vital. For instance, in the realm of education, students need to critically evaluate information sources, collaborate effectively on projects, and creatively solve problems. Special Education (SPED) ensures that all students, including those with disabilities, receive tailored support to thrive academically and socially. For instance, a student with dyslexia may receive specialized reading instruction to help them succeed in school. Meanwhile, robots, with their advancing capabilities, are transforming industries and daily life. In medicine, surgical robots assist surgeons with precision operations, improving patient outcomes through minimally invasive procedures. These examples illustrate how 21st-century skills, SPED, and robots intersect to shape our world and enhance human capabilities.
"Empowering students through engaging education, fostering environmental consciousness, and advancing scientific literacy. Committed to shaping future leaders in Life and Earth Sciences."As teachers we have be creative all the time. Sometimes we plan a class with the expectation that everything is going to run like we thought it would, but in my experience almost nothing run as smoothly as it was planned. Technology is one of my partners in every plan, because it motivates the 90% of my students.
For sure kids are inherently visual learners, and technology significantly enhances their educational experience by making learning more engaging and interactive. Tools such as educational apps, AR/VR, and multimedia resources bring lessons to life, while adaptive learning software and online tutoring offer personalized instruction. That is why we need to pay attention to this generation. Technology is not only an interest, but also a strength.
Overall, integrating technology in education can transform and enrich the learning journey for children, so let's give them the best and prepared teacher. | eng | cc277309-9f02-4f1e-a5cd-e6435e15f123 | https://elibrary-forum.sdpsg.101.com/topic/119/21st-century-skills-sped-and-robots/1 |
India's Yash Raj Films (YRF) has unveiled the title for its first female-fronted installment in the studio's successful spy universe franchise.
The title of Alia Bhatt and Sharvari's highly anticipated film was officially announced today, July 5. The makers unveiled the title of the film as 'Alpha', accompanied by a powerful announcement video.
"Alpha" is helmed by Shiv Rawail who debuted as a director with the studio's hit 2023 Netflix series "The Railway Men | eng | 4f2b7d51-3425-466e-84c9-f6265592bfa5 | https://funasia.net/alpha-title-announcement-alia-bhatt-sharvari-shiv-rawail-yrf-spy-universe/ |
Introduction
Accessories have long been known for their ability to enhance an outfit, but did you know that they can also impact your mood and overall well-being? Beyond their aesthetic appeal, jewelry and accessories hold the power to uplift your spirits and contribute positively to your emotional state. Let's explore how the right accessories can add a touch of wellness to your daily life.
Personal Expression and Self-Confidence
Accessories are a means of personal expression, allowing you to showcase your individuality and style. When you adorn yourself with pieces that resonate with your personality, you're sending a message to the world that you are embracing who you are. This self-expression can boost your self-confidence and create a sense of empowerment.
Sentimental Value and Emotional Connection
Certain accessories hold sentimental value, reminding us of special moments, people, or places. Wearing a necklace passed down from generations or a bracelet received on a significant occasion can evoke positive emotions and foster a sense of connection to your past and loved ones.
Colors and Mood Enhancement
The colors of your accessories can also influence your mood. Just as different colors can evoke varying emotions in art and design, they can do the same in fashion. For instance, wearing bright and vibrant accessories can help uplift your mood on a gloomy day, while soothing colors can have a calming effect.
Mindfulness and Intention
Incorporating accessories mindfully can turn daily routines into moments of intention and mindfulness. Taking a moment to select the perfect accessory for the day ahead can create a sense of presence, allowing you to start your day with a positive mindset.
Wellness-Inspired Accessories
Wellness-inspired accessories have gained popularity, offering a unique blend of fashion and well-being. From crystal-infused jewelry to meditation beads, these pieces are designed to promote relaxation, balance, and positivity. They serve as constant reminders to prioritize your wellness throughout the day.
Exploring Accessories for Wellness with Newsera21.com
For insights into the world of wellness-inspired accessories and how they can enhance your emotional well-being, visitNewsera21.com. The website provides a range of articles and product reviews to help you discover accessories that align with your wellness goals.
Conclusion: Elevating Mood Through Accessories
Accessories have the remarkable ability to uplift your mood and contribute to your overall well-being. By choosing pieces that resonate with you, hold sentimental value, and reflect your desired emotions, you're adding an extra layer of positivity to your everyday life.
Personal Wellness, One Accessory at a Time
Embrace the power of accessories not only as fashion statements but as tools for enhancing your emotional state. Whether it's a piece that reminds you of your strengths or one that promotes relaxation, each accessory you wear can contribute to your journey towards holistic wellness. | eng | ddd6dee1-c639-412f-8764-143828db4d99 | https://www.newsera21.com/wellness-through-accessories-how-jewelry-and-accessories-can-boost-your-mood/ |
Understanding Self: Part 1 Confidence In Condition
It's hard to be confident in yourself when the world around you picks you apart for every last thing you think or do. Having confidence in and through condition is a personality skill that takes time to master! Here are some starting reminder tips to better help you ground yourself in the person that is you !
Understand your "normal" is unique.
Even adults struggle with their identity . If I were to ask you to tell me to describe yourself , you'll probably ramble some adjectives like "Im Loyal, Im Smart, Im Honest" but all those responds are how you would like others to view you, are you those same adjectives to yourself? Things that you may consider to be regular every day ticket items others view as extremely unique ! Take some time to dive within, who. Are you to you?
Embrace your ugly the same way you do your pretty!
Affirm all pieces of your personality.
You know, it's ok to not be understood all the time. And it doesn't mean you need to keep attempting to do so. Understanding you are who you are means accepting all pieces of you ! Overly sensitive, loud, air headed, passionate whatever, they all make you who you are today. Embrace your ugly the same way you do your pretty!
Switch your mindset from fixed to growth
This may be hard to do, but it's time for you to unlearn what you thought you knew . Every experience , every moment adds to your life story and is a piece of your growth, no matter negative or positive. Take time to reflect on situations you find yourself in, notice how you reacted/handled it, how could you improve? Give yourself grace but also some well deserved flowers, even if you could have handled the situation better or had better control of your emotions, the reflection and recognition is a moment of growth and you should be proud! | eng | 32f1dbe4-0c22-4b5c-a878-402b27fa8d8a | https://www.kksq.org/post/grow-your-blog-community |
What is the Difference Between EPA DHA and Omega 3
The main difference between EPA DHA and omega 3 is that EPA is a type of omega 3 that reduces cellular inflammation, and DHA is a structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina, whereas omega 3 is a polyunsaturated fatty acid important in lipid metabolism.
Key Terms
DHA, EPA, Omega 3
What is EPA
EPA is one of the three types of omega-3 fatty acids. It contains a double bond, three atoms away from the terminal methyl group in its chemical structure. EPA occurs in oily fish; for example, cod liver, herring, mackerel, salmon, menhaden, and sardine. In addition, it occurs in various types of edible algae, or in supplemental forms of fish oil or algae oil. Generally, the main function of EPA is to act as a precursor for prostaglandin-3 (which inhibits platelet aggregation), thromboxane-3, and leukotriene-5 eicosanoids.
What is DHA
DHA is another polyunsaturated fatty acid and a type of omega 3. It is also a primary structural component of the brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina. DHA directly occurs in maternal milk (breast milk), fatty fish, fish oil, or algae oil.
Figure 2: DHA
Moreover, DHA is important in the development of eye and nerve tissues. In addition, DHA might also reduce the risk of heart and circulatory disease. In general, DHA decreases the thickness of the blood, reducing swelling (inflammation), and lowering blood levels of triglycerides. It is also used for boosting memory and thinking skills, for helping infant and child development, for certain eye disorders, and for many other conditions.
What is Omega 3
Omega 3 is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that reduces the amounts of triglycerides in the body, lowering the risk of death, heart attack, and stroke. Other than that, omega 3 helps in regulating heart rhythms, lowering the risk of arrhythmia and atherosclerosis. It has an anti-inflammatory effect as well. However, omega 3 cannot be produced by the human body; hence, it has to be taken into the body through the diet or as supplements
Figure 3: Omega 3
The three main forms of omega 3 are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In general, ALA occurs in plant oils while DHA and EPA occur in fish oil and algae oil.
Similarities Between EPA DHA and Omega 3
EPA, DHA, and omega-3 are polyunsaturated fatty acids.
They mainly occur in oily fish and algae.
Moreover, all are important in preventing heart disease.
Difference Between EPA DHA and Omega 3
Definition
EPA is an omega-3 fatty acid that is found along with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cold-water fish, including tuna and salmon; DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid that is a primary structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina, while omega 3 is a polyunsaturated fatty acid characterized by the presence of a double bond, three atoms away from the terminal methyl group in its chemical structure.
Occurrence
Significance
EPA reduces cellular inflammation, and DHA is good for brain health while omega 3 is important for heart disease and stroke.
Conclusion
In brief, EPA and DHA are two types of omega 3 fatty acids while ALA is the third type of omega 3 fatty acid. The main structural feature of omega-3 fatty acids is the presence of a double bond, three atoms away from the terminal methyl group. Functionally, EPA is important in reducing cellular inflammation, and DHA is vital in brain health, and omega 3 is important in heart disease. Therefore, the main difference between EPA DHA and omega 3 fatty acids is their functional significance | eng | c12ab179-f389-498f-b89a-4efbf367cc0e | https://pediaa.com/what-is-the-difference-between-epa-dha-and-omega-3/ |
PoE Cable Distance
What is the PoE Cable distance? Power over Ethernet (PoE, PoE+ and HPoE) technology enables powering of IP surveillance cameras through the transfer of DC electrical power along with data over standard Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) network cabling. PoE is typically deployed where access to AC power is inconvenient, expensive or infeasible to supply. PoE can power IP cameras located in ceilings, on rooftops, light poles, along fences, pipelines, transit routes and other out-of-the-way locations. The cost of bringing electrical power to each camera is eliminated by powering the equipment through the UTP cable.
The maximum transmission distance of copper UTP cable is 100 meters (328 feet). The challenge is installing Powered Devices (PD) like PoE IP cameras more than 100 meters from the Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE). Using midspan power injectors along the copper cable between network equipment does not extend this distance.
The maximum transmission distance of fiber optic cable is over 100 kilometers (this varies by data rate and optical equipment). Fiber optic cabling overcomes the distance and bandwidth limitations of UTP, but fiber does not carry electric DC current.
Enterprise Applications
How PoE Media Converters and PoE Fiber Switches Work
PoE Media Converters and PoE Fiber Switches convert fiber to copper, and function as PoE Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) to send DC power to one or more Powered Devices (PD) over the UTP cabling. On the left side of the following illustration, an Ethernet switch with RJ-45 ports resides in a server room or security office. The UTP cabling is converted to fiber using a standard media converter. Network switches with fiber ports can also be used.
The fiber is run a long distance to a PoE Media Converter or PoE Fiber Switch located near a convenient AC or DC power source, where it converts the fiber back to UTP cabling. The PoE Media Converter also injects PoE (DC power) over the UTP cable. At the other end of the UTP cable is an IP surveillance camera, located up to 100 meters away from the PoE media converterPoE Media Converters and PoE Fiber Switches with two fiber ports can also be deployed with redundant fiber links for mission-critical applications that require failover protection. The OmniConverter PoE Fiber Switch in this application diagram is powered by a UPS for battery back-up power. Even if a fiber link is cut and power is shut off, the camera will continue to send image data over the failover fiber link.
Industrial Application
Industrial Manufacturing Application with PoE Fiber Switches
In this industrial manufacturing application example, RuggedNet Industrial PoE Fiber Switches are installed on a DIN-rail along an assembly line. Gigabit fiber is distributed from a fiber switch at a network hub location to RuggedNet PoE Switches with dual fiber ports that enable a fiber daisy chain with multiple locations. Each RuggedNet PoE Switch provides fiber data connectivity and 30W PoE+ power per port for four high-speed IP inspection cameras at each location. | eng | fb5124d3-056b-45c0-9abc-0eff8d47623a | https://www.omnitron-systems.com/solutions/extend-poe-distance-to-poe-ip-cameras |
Categories
About Us
About OurInterestSchool
Welcome to OurInterestSchool, your trusted source for educational insights and inspiration. We are passionate about providing valuable resources and empowering individuals in their lifelong learning journey.
Our Mission: At OurInterestSchool, we believe that education is the key to personal and societal growth. Our mission is to make education accessible, engaging, and enjoyable for learners of all ages. We strive to create a platform where knowledge is shared, ideas are exchanged, and individuals are inspired to reach their full potential.
What We Offer: Through our blog, we offer a wide range of educational content, covering various subjects, learning strategies, study tips, and educational trends. Our team of experienced educators, researchers, and writers work diligently to ensure that our articles are accurate, informative, and practical.
We believe in the power of diverse perspectives, and our content reflects that. Our blog caters to students, parents, teachers, and anyone with an interest in education. Whether you're a student looking for study techniques, a parent seeking guidance on supporting your child's education, or an educator searching for innovative teaching strategies, you'll find valuable insights and practical advice on OurInterestSchool.
Why Choose OurInterestSchool: We understand that the digital landscape is flooded with information, making it challenging to find reliable and trustworthy sources. At OurInterestSchool, we pride ourselves on being a reliable resource that you can count on. Here are a few reasons to choose us:
Expertise: Our team of educators and subject matter experts bring years of experience and knowledge to the table. We strive to deliver accurate and well-researched content that you can rely on.
Practicality: We believe in the practical application of knowledge. Our articles are designed to provide actionable tips, strategies, and insights that you can implement in your educational journey.
Engagement: Education is a collaborative process, and we encourage interaction and engagement from our readers. We welcome your comments, questions, and suggestions, and we value the conversations that take place on our blog.
Inspiration: We aim to inspire and motivate our readers to embrace lifelong learning. Through our success stories, interviews with thought leaders, and thought-provoking articles, we strive to ignite a passion for education in all those who visit our blog.
Join OurInterestSchool: We invite you to become a part of our educational community. Subscribe to our newsletter to receive regular updates, exclusive content, and special offers. Connect with us on our social media platforms to engage with our vibrant community of learners, educators, and parents.
We're thrilled to have you on this educational journey with us. Together, let's unlock the transformative power of education and make learning an exciting and fulfilling experience for all. | eng | ba19b988-71a9-4e30-8115-c08d24c299ce | https://ourinterestschool.com/about-us/ |
Custom D Shape Window BoxesCustom D Shape Window Boxes
D Shape Window Box allows you to showcase your brand identity effectively. Incorporate your brand colors, logos, and design elements to create a distinct and recognizable presence on store shelves and in the minds of consumers.
Box Style:
D Shape WindowWindow packaging box: Enhanced Product Visibility
Custom D shape window packaging boxes offer a significant advantage in terms of product visibility. The D-shaped window provides a clear view of the product inside, allowing consumers to see what they are purchasing without opening the package. This transparency can build trust with potential buyers, as they can verify the quality and appearance of the product before making a decision. For products like gourmet foods, cosmetics, or small electronics, this visibility can be a crucial factor in influencing purchase decisions, as customers often prefer to visually inspect items before buying.
Improved Aesthetic Appeal
The unique design of D shape window packaging boxes adds to the overall aesthetic appeal of the product. The distinctive window shape can make the packaging stand out on the shelves, catching the eyes of consumers and differentiating the product from competitors. Customizing the design, color, and graphics around the D-shaped window allows brands to create visually appealing packaging Box that aligns with their brand identity. This creative and attractive presentation can enhance the perceived value of the product, making it more desirable to consumers who are often drawn to beautifully packaged items.
Enhanced Brand Recognition
Custom D shape window packaging boxes can significantly boost brand recognition. The unique design element of the D-shaped window can become a signature feature of a brand's packaging, making it instantly recognizable to consumers. By consistently using this packaging style, brands can create a strong visual identity that customers associate with their products. Additionally, the customizable nature of these packaging boxes allows for the inclusion of brand logos, slogans, and other branding elements, reinforcing brand presence and recall every time a customer sees the packaging. This consistent branding strategy helps in building a loyal customer base and distinguishing the brand in a competitive market.
Sustainability and Practicality
Custom D shape window packaging boxes can also be designed with sustainability in mind. Using eco-friendly materials such as recycled cardboard and biodegradable plastics for the window can appeal to environmentally conscious consumers. These sustainable packaging solutions help reduce the environmental impact while still providing the practical benefits of visibility and aesthetic appeal. Moreover, the practical aspect of these boxes extends to their functionality. They can be easily opened and resealed, protecting the product while providing convenience to the consumer. The thoughtful design not only enhances the user experience but also reflects positively on the brand's commitment to sustainability and innovation.
Related products visibility | eng | 8bb6d166-c894-4c27-8411-d10a9cb8dd7a | https://skyprintandenterprise.com/custom-d-shape-window-box/ |
A Guide To Must-Have Skincare Products With Active Ingredients For Flawless Skin
Taking care of your skin is more than just a beauty ritual; it is a necessary component of overall health and well-being. However, with the staggering amount of skincare products in the market and trends on social media, anyone can feel overwhelmed and confused by them.
Skincare products with active ingredients play a crucial role in nourishing and protecting your skin, treating a variety of issues, and maintaining a glowing and healthy complexion. Every ingredient, from cleansers to moisturizers, serums to sunscreens, is meticulously developed to offer certain advantages and attend to various skincare needs. However, creating an efficient skincare routine requires an understanding of the value and application of skincare ingredients.
The right skincare ingredients help combat aging signs, soothe sensitive skin, moisturize dry spots, and reduce oiliness. They can also help to achieve a clearer, more even-toned complexion, boost collagen production, reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and enhance your skin's natural radiance.
In this article, we will look at a variety of skincare products with active ingredients, their uses, and their proper application. This information will allow you to make wise decisions about the products you use, whether you're a skincare novice or an enthusiast eager to increase your knowledge.
Common skincare products to be used:
1. Cleanser: The first step in any skincare regimen is cleansing. It removes dirt, oil, and makeup from your skin, leaving it clean and prepped for the next steps. Use a gentle cleanser that is ideal for your skin concern, has lower pH (less than 6), is oil-free, and is non-comedogenic, meaning it won't clog your pores [6]. Wash your face with a cleanser twice a day, morning and night.
2. Toner: While not necessary, a toner can balance your skin's pH and get rid of any leftover oil or dirt after cleansing. It can also benefit your skin by hydrating it properly. Look for a toner that is alcohol-free and has moisturizing components like glycerin or hyaluronic acid. After cleansing, apply it with a cotton pad by swiping it across the face and neck.
3. Chemical exfoliators AHAs/BHAs: Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) are chemical exfoliators that can enhance the appearance of your skin. AHAs work by dissolving the bonds that hold dead skin cells together, whereas BHAs dissolve oil and grime that might block pores. Some common AHAs are glycolic acid, lactic acid, and mandelic acid; some common BHAs are salicylic acid and betaine salicylate. Begin with a low concentration of AHA/BHA serum and gradually increase it as your skin becomes tolerant of it. In the beginning, use it only once or twice a week after cleansing.
Note: Glycolic acid can cause photosensitivity, which means it makes your skin more sensitive to the sun's UV rays. Therefore, apply sunscreen during the daytime. Also, if you are using both AHAs and BHAs separately, then use BHAs during the daytime and AHAs in the evening regime.
4. Antioxidants:
a. Vitamin C: Vitamin C is one of the best skincare ingredients on the market with strong antioxidant properties. It moisturizes and brightens the skin, reduces hyperpigmentation, encourages the synthesis of collagen, and offers UV protection. It is considered safe for use for the majority of skin types. In the morning, layer a vitamin C antioxidant serum under your moisturizer that is followed by sunscreen.
b. Retinol/Retinoid: Vitamin A in the form of retinol and retinoid assist to enhance the appearance of your skin. They can lessen the visibility of age spots, fine lines & wrinkles and increase the production of collagen [1]. Retinols also help to lessen acne and acne marks and enhance the texture of your skin [1]. However, some people may find them irritating, so it's crucial to start with the lowest strength and use them in moderation. Use a retinol or retinoid product only at night after cleansing. Always remember to consult your doctor when using retinol/retinoid-based products.
Note: Do not mix retinol/retinoid with vitamin C or AHAs/BHAs. Use them at different times. Also, like glycolic acid, retinol/retinoid makes your skin photosensitive. Therefore, don't forget to use sunscreen the next morning.
c. Niacinamide: Niacinamide, often known as vitamin B3, is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging compound. It controls the quantity of acne-causing oil, sebum, produced by the oil glands in your skin and lessens the swelling and redness brought on by acne. Niacinamide holds moisture and softens and illuminates the skin by encapsulating water molecules. Additionally, it can also help to reduce hyperpigmentation and increase keratin (the protein that makes up the skin, hair, and nails) production [1]. Use it during the day and at night as it is compatible with other active substances. Layer it based on its consistency and pH.
Note: Do not mix niacinamide and vitamin C as both are powerful antioxidants.
5. Eye cream: Eye creams are created specifically to care for the sensitive skin around your eyes. They can aid in lessening the visibility of fine wrinkles, puffiness, and dark circles. Find an eye cream that includes ingredients like vitamin C or caffeine [2]. Use them before moisturizing as they are mainly thin in consistency.
6. Moisturizer: A moisturizer is a paramount component of any skincare regimen. It helps to keep your skin hydrated. Look for a moisturizer that is appropriate for your skin type, has moisturizing components like hyaluronic acid or glycerin, and is oil-free & non-comedogenic. Apply it after using your antioxidant products.
7. Sunscreen: It is necessary to shield your face and body from the sun's harmful UV rays, and this makes sunscreen the most important skincare product you can use. It also aids in preventing early aging signs, skin cancer, and other skin issues. Look for a broad-spectrum sunscreen that offers protection from UVA and UVB radiation and has an SPF of 30 or higher. Apply it daily, even on cloudy days or during winter, as the last step of your skincare regime during day time.
Note: Do not mix SPF with makeup or moisturizers. Use it as a single layer to preserve the protective factors.
How to layer these products in skincare regimes? Morning (AM) Regime: Step 1: Cleanse- Use a mild cleanser and start with a clean complexion. Step 2: Tone- Prep, hydrate, and balance your skin's pH by using a toner. Step 3: Treat- Use serums like antioxidants to correct skin concerns and protect skin from environmental stresses by creating a barrier layer on the skin. Step 4: Eye cream- Depuff tired eyes and minimize dark circles by using caffeine- or active ingredient-based eye creams. Step 5: Moisturize- Hydrate and lock all the ingredients in their place by using a moisturizer. Use a hyaluronic acid- or glycerin-based moisturizer if you have dry skin or a salicylic acid-based product if you have oily skin. Step 6: Sunscreen- Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least 30 SPF and protect the skin from harmful sun radiations. *If you are using a chemical sunscreen, use it before the moisturizer as it needs to penetrate the skin to provide protection.
Night (PM) Regime: Step 1: Double Cleanse- Remove makeup using an oil-based makeup remover and then use a cleanser to remove all the dirt and impurities. Step 2: Exfoliate- Use a chemical exfoliator like glycolic acid or lactic acid 1 to 3 times a week to promote cell turnover and renewal. Step 3: Mask (optional)- Use a sheet mask once or twice a week to deliver essential vitamins and nutrients to the skin. Step 4: Treat- Use retinol or retinoid once every other day until you build tolerance and then every day to treat acne marks, increase cell turnover, and boost collagen production. Step 5: Eye cream- Plump, hydrate, and minimize the appearance of dark circles by using an active ingredient-based eye cream. Step 6: Night cream- Use a moisturizer to replenish hydration, undo the damage, and lock all the applied ingredients in the skin.
Things to remember before including active ingredients in your skincare routine:
1. There is no hard and fast rule as to how many active ingredients you can use, but it's important to remember not to go from zero to 100 at once. Start incorporating them gradually.
2. Not all active ingredients can be combined together. Consult your doctor to know which ingredients you should use together to get the most benefits out of them.
3. Remember to layer the ingredients according to their pH, i.e., apply products with less pH first and then layer it with the products that are high in pH.
4. Along with pH, consider the consistency and thickness of the products. Use products with thin consistency like toners and serums before and then top them with products that are thicker in consistency like moisturizer and sunscreen.
5. Active ingredients like vitamin C, retinol/retinoids, and AHAs/BHAs have some side effects that go away after some time with continuous use. Consult your dermatologist if the symptoms don't subside.
6. Always do a patch test before applying any new product.
7. Not all products have the same effect on everybody. Test and check what works for you according to your skin condition and type.
Remember! Each person's skin is different, so it could take some trial and error to find the correct mixture of components. With patience and consistency, you can discover the ingredients that work best for you and unlock the true potential of your skin. | eng | d73f215f-c28e-40ac-a0cd-f6b14f491117 | https://www.1mg.com/articles/a-guide-to-must-have-skincare-products-with-active-ingredients-for-flawless-skin/ |
The Digital Landscape
In the digital landscape, businesses must establish a robust online presence through websites, social media, and online marketplaces to reach a broader audience and stay competitive in the market.
Embracing Online Platforms
In today's digital era, consumers increasingly turn to online platforms when considering car purchases. Cars for sale in Istanbul must recognize the significance of establishing a robust online presence. This involves creating user-friendly websites, engaging with customers through social media channels, and utilizing online marketplaces to showcase their inventory. By embracing online platforms, sellers can expand their reach and visibility, tapping into a broader audience of potential buyers.
Enhancing Customer Experience
Providing Detailed Listings
Transparency is paramount in online car sales, as buyers seek detailed information to make informed decisions. Sellers should ensure that their listings provide comprehensive details about each vehicle, including accurate descriptions, high-quality images, and relevant specifications. Additionally, disclosing the vehicle's history, maintenance records, and any pertinent documentation fosters trust and confidence among potential buyers, reducing the likelihood of misunderstandings or disputes.
Offering Virtual Tours and Test Drives
Virtual tours and test drives offer prospective buyers the opportunity to experience a vehicle without physically visiting the dealership. Sellers can leverage video conferencing tools and virtual reality technology to provide immersive tours of their inventory, allowing buyers to explore the interior and exterior features remotely. By offering virtual test drives, sellers enhance the customer experience, cater to the needs of remote buyers, and ultimately increase their chances of making a sale.
Partnering with Online Marketplaces
Collaborating with reputable online marketplaces is an effective strategy for expanding market reach and attracting a larger audience of potential buyers. Dealerships and car sellers can leverage the established presence and credibility of online platforms to list their inventory and gain exposure to a wide range of consumers. By partnering with online marketplaces, sellers can increase visibility, drive traffic to their listings, and ultimately increase their chances of closing sales.
Implementing Localised Marketing Strategies
In a diverse and dynamic city like Istanbul, understanding local preferences and consumer behavior is crucial for success in online car sales. Sellers should conduct thorough market research to identify the preferences, demographics, and buying habits of consumers in different neighborhoods and districts. By tailoring marketing strategies and promotions to align with local trends and preferences, sellers can effectively engage with their target audience and drive sales in specific geographic areas. | eng | e0259193-cbff-467e-b728-a7b20804793a | https://darkvilla.in/revving-up-revenue-in-istanbul-strategies-for-successful-online-car-sales/ |
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End Racism Day
Published: 18 March 2022
The University issued the following statement on International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination:
Too many individuals, communities and societies still suffer from the injustice and disadvantage that racism causes. York St John University is working towards becoming an anti-racist university and recognises that there is more to do to ensure true equality of experience for everyone who works and studies with us. Fighting racism is everyone's responsibility, every day.
Dedicated York St John University studentstaking action for race equality
The Race Equality Student Voice project at York St John University aims to raise awareness of the challenges faced by students from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) backgrounds.
Four Race Equality Student Ambassadors have been appointed. The students are dedicated to engaging their peers in the conversation about race equality and involving students in the University's application for a Race Equality Charter bronze award.
And, to mark International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on Monday 21 March, the ambassadors set to work engaging students on campus with a #FightRacism photo campaign. The impactful work invited students to write on public whiteboards in answer to the question, 'what anti-racism means to you?' Making the most of social media as a platform, participants then took a photo and shared it on Instagram, tagging @ysjequality #FightRacism
Lydia MacPherson, a history student and Race Equality Student Ambassador at York St John University said: "I enjoyed taking part in the end racism photo competition because it was great to see so many people take part and write on a whiteboard what they felt about racism.
Speaking about why Lydia wanted to become an ambassador, she said: "My history dissertation and modules centre around African American citizenship and equality. Therefore, being able to take part in a group that promotes racial equality and inclusion around campus is something that I am passionate about.
"I hope to be part of creating a more inclusive environment. Our ambassadors raise important awareness that society is still not an equal environment for all races and that this needs to change."
Fellow ambassador Marcia Costa, studying tourism and events management, said: "I hope to help to increase the engagement around the university and help students to feel comfortable to come forward and talk about any problems or doubts they are having, increasing the feeling that they can have support in whatever matter, even if it's not related to their studies.
"This is important to me because, as a BAME/Mature student, I have been very welcomed to this university and I want to share the same feelings.
"It is always exciting to organise events and engage with fellow students. I hope to bring a positive change by listen to the students and delivering the events that they would like to see on campus."
The team of four Race Equality Student Ambassadors will continue to plan and run activities including social events, focus groups and social media campaigns with the aim of creating networks for York St John University's Black, Asian and minority ethnic backgrounds students.
They're also gathering feedback about student experiences and finding out what changes students would like to see on campus.
What is the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination?
The International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination is observed annually on the day the police in Sharpeville, South Africa, opened fire and killed 69 people, mostly students, at a peaceful demonstration against apartheid pass laws in 1960.
In 1979, the United Nations General Assembly decided that a week of solidarity with the peoples struggling against racism and racial discrimination, beginning on 21 March, would be organized annually across the world. | eng | a5a52251-5138-4749-83ee-90e61bfd38f2 | https://www.yorksj.ac.uk/news/2022/end-racism-day/ |
gcse pod
All our students in Year 11 now have access to GCSEPod to help with subject specific revision, student and revision skills, time management and looking after their health and well being. Please see the information below for more details.
Key Dates, Information and Exam Arrangements for Year 11 – Summer 2024 - due to tecdhnical error with letters please click on the link for the - Key Dates, Information and Exam Arrangements for Year 11 – Summer 2024 | eng | 06eac67e-2e31-44bf-ad82-f06d5ba7dba3 | https://www.tgsboys.com/Year-11/ |
It is a good form of therapy to deal with self-esteem issues, relationship problems, anxiety and depression.
Therapy for mental health uses many different treatment methods for different problems. In a series of articles, we're talking about the widely used forms of psychotherapy. After Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Psychoanalytical Therapy, let's look at another important and popular form of therapy – Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT).
It was founded by Albert Ellis when he started to see gaps in Psychoanalytical Therapy. Ellis was of the point of view that, "People are not disturbed by things but rather by their view of things". He believed that the way we think influences our feelings as well as our behaviours and that any irrational beliefs held by us about ourselves or the world will ultimately prove to be problematic.
Hence, the central aim of REBT is to help clients overcome and alter their illogical beliefs so that they may conquer any and all mental distress or psychological problems.
It is a good form of therapy for clients dealing with self-esteem issues, relationship problems, anxiety and depression.
Elis' Theory
Elis was of the strong opinion that even though we blame external events and things as the source of our unhappiness and problems, it is actually our interpretation of the external events that causes internal discomfort and psychological distress. To explain this process more simply, he came up with what is known as the A-B-C Model.
A: is for the "activating event", the events which have occurred to or around you which then in turn to lead you to think about your...
B: Beliefs. You question how you think and feel about the situation which then leads to...
C: Consequences, which are the emotional response to your held beliefs.
So, according to Elis and his theory although troubling events and situations can cause distress to us, to be able to truly understand their impact on us we must first understand our thoughts about those events and the emotions the thoughts give rise to.
One needs to first understand and replace irrational thoughts.(Photo: iStock)
0
The Process of Therapy
It begins by first identifying and understanding the client's underlying irrational thoughts. Most thoughts which are held under the "I must" or "I should" categories or any other absolute line of thought, might be irrational and hence problematic to ourselves. Some of the most common irrational beliefs usually held are:
"I must do well and get the approval of everybody who matters to me or I will be a worthless person."
"I must be a high achiever or I will be worthless."
"Nobody should ever behave badly with me and if they do I should condemn them."
"I have no real control on my own happiness since it's dependent on external forces."
These and other inflexible beliefs limit our response to tough situations, which makes us feel helpless and anxious.
If we hold rigid expectations from ourselves or others without any room for mistakes then we will ultimately drive ourselves towards resentment, anxiety and disappointment.
Upon identifying these beliefs, together with the therapist the client works on replacing them with other more rational beliefs by challenging these irrational ones.
Elis advocates that the therapist be direct and even confrontational during this process rather than simply being warm and supportive. It can be very challenging for the client to identify and understand the implications of their irrational beliefs so a little bit of tough love might propel them into action and acceptance faster, though this of course depends a lot on the therapist as well as the client.
REBT helps the client understand that they do not have to live life in absolutes. It might be really nice to live a life wherein you never make mistakes and everyone always behaves exactly as they should, but it's not very realistic.
The therapist helps you realise that the emotionally healthy way would be to be forgiving and compassionate towards mistakes. Clients are also encouraged to take up meditation, journaling, colouring or any other activity which soothes their emotions.
(At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. Play an active role in shaping our journalism by becoming a member. Because the truth is worth it.) | eng | 88e39789-7894-4338-a3b5-421bff4da8b8 | https://www.thequint.com/fit/rational-emotive-behavioural-therapy-for-mental-health |
Inzebox magnetic games - Jobissimo
A new way of playing with magnets. Create characters on either side of the metallic storage box. At the end of play all the magnetic parts can be stored neatly away inside the box. Contains a metallic box and 20 magnetic wooden pieces. | eng | 6b49b12a-07eb-4394-9262-ee052390cbbf | http://www.toysplanet.ee/en/a/inzebox-magnetic-games-jobissimo |
Animation Course in Bhavnagar
About Animation Course
Our eyes can only hold an image for about a tenth of a second, so when numerous pictures emerge quickly one after the other, the brain combines them into one moving image. The method of constructing a scene by quickly displaying images and actions is called animation. The technique of taking sequential photos of drawings, models, or even puppets to simulate movement is called Animation. If you are interested in making posters, you can join our Photo Editing Course in Surat.
SOFTWARE TO LEARN:
TIME DURATION:
12 Months
Master In Animation Overview
RednWhite Multimedia offers animation courses in Bhavnagar. These courses are intended to assist students in understanding animation as a basic, frame-by-frame artistic medium. Our institute's 3D animation courses are designed to provide students with the latest technology advancements in creative animation. These animation programs teach students how to create amazing animated graphics. We also offer have animation courses in Navsari.
Applicants have access to a range of career opportunities in the animation business after finishing a 2D and 3D animation school in Bhavnagar. Aspiring animators can work in the motion graphics, character animation, video games, special effects, and advertising sectors. Animators may also be required by some companies to be proficient with specific computer applications.
FAQ
Who can join the Animation Course?
12th | eng | db8dd1f4-10d8-4bdd-a9b9-e47f0a91028f | https://www.rnwmultimedia.edu.in/bhavnagar/animation-course-bhavnagar.php |
Category: Manufacturing Marketing
Website projects are huge undertakings. What ultimately matters is not the effort you put into them but the return-on-investment you derive from it. Making a business case for investing in a comprehensive website redesign to bottom-line-driven, quant-minded manufacturers requires hard-nosed, disciplined thinking. Remember that what you invest in a new website design will determine the […]As a leading social media agency for manufacturers and industrial companies, we are frequently asked to share our best practices. This is part of a series of posts to explain how social media audit can serve their interests. A social media audit involves a comprehensive review of a industrial company's primary social media channels, profiles, […]Manufacturing and industrial buyers invest in the inseparable twin SEO and content strategies to secure Google/Bing rankings for three reasons. First, research shows that when suppliers "get found" via organic Google page one results, prospects trust them more. Google page one organic results command over 90% of click share, and generate close to two-thirds | eng | ff21dfcf-f0f6-4c7d-a879-b5795d102120 | https://aha.elliance.com/category/manufacturing-marketing-2/ |
Tutorial Ubah Markup Agen Pulsa Andalan Payment YouTube
To emphasize text with bold and italics at the same time, add three asterisks or underscores before and after a word or phrase. To bold and italicize the middle of a word for emphasis, add three asterisks without spaces around the letters. Markdown. HTML. Rendered Output. This text is ***really important***.
A markup is a product's cost price subtracted from it's selling price. To put things a little clearer, a margin is the expression of net profit you'll make after your markup. It's usually expressed as a percentage that tells you a revenue figure. You might also hear it called a margin percentage, profit margin, gross margin or gross profit.
Understanding Through an Example: Consider a product that costs $10 to produce and is sold for $15. Markup: 50% (as calculated earlier). Profit Margin = ($5 / $15) x 100 = 33.33%. While the markup suggests a 50% increase over the cost, the profit margin indicates that only 33.33% of the selling price is pure profit.
KartuAS2in1 Transfer Pulsa Dengan HPmu
The runners of the site explain that the project was launched in the middle of last year with a Google docs file to track the prices of Toyota 4Runners and Tundras. The Ford Raptor and Ram TRX and.
Apa Itu Mark Up Pulsa?
Markup (or price spread) is the difference between the selling price of a good or service and its cost.It is often expressed as a percentage over the cost. A markup is added into the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit.The total cost reflects the total amount of both fixed and variable expenses to produce.
Jual Spanduk / Banner Jual Pulsa Shopee Indonesia
Gross margin is the difference between a product's selling price and the cost as a percentage of revenue. For example, if a product sells for $125 and costs $100, the gross margin is ($125 - $100) / $125 = 0.2 (20%) = 20%. Recall the example above. The gross margin would be ($21,000 - $17,500) / $21,000 = 0.1667 = 16.67%. While the markup.
Contoh Gambar Spanduk Jualan Pulsa
Markup and margin are similar concepts: they both help you calculate the profit you can make by selling a good at a given price. There are, however, some differences. Before talking about margin and markup, let's see the setup of our problem. Let's say that your company produces a good paying a certain amount (that includes the raw materials, the manufacture, shipping, etc.).
Contoh Spanduk Jualan Pulsa
PULSAR KRYPTON FXG50. Pulsar sent out their thermal clip-on Krypton in 2020, sporting a 50 mm lens in front of a 640x480 pixel thermal sensor with 12μm pixel pitch. This image is displayed on a 'monochrome' high-resolution screen and powered by their standard high-capacity battery pack IPS7 for 8 hours of continued usage and hot swap in.
Apa itu Agregator Pulsa H2H? Begini Penjelasannya GMP
In the recent debate on the surge in global inflation, the role of firm profits as a key driver has come to the forefront. However, a measure of profit share derived from national accounts is an imperfect proxy to capture excessive firm profiteering, which might better be captured by the price markup derived from firm level data. Using firm-level data for the US, this column describes the.
15 Desain Spanduk Pulsa Keren format PSD SIBAKUA
The meaning of MARKUP is an amount added to the cost price to determine the selling price; broadly : profit. How to use markup in a sentence.
Cara Isi Pulsa Lewat Shopeepay Sampai Masuk
Profit Margin = 1 - (1 /(markup +1)) Suppose, the price spread is 25%, then profit margin = 1 - (1/(0.25 + 1)) = 20%. Markups vs. Markdowns. In finance, a markdown is a difference between the market's highest current bid price for a security and the lower price that a dealer charges a consumer. | eng | 1a3157d1-2d99-4933-bde8-2bfbed942d97 | https://higginsstore.online/markup-pulsa.html |
Is there a way to make a 4 flat run a 7 Blade trailer plug?
No, it is not possible to make a 4 flat run a 7 blade trailer plug. The two part designs are not interchangeable and require different wiring configurations to properly power the trailer lighting system.
Additionally, the plugs, as well as the trailer lighting system, must be matched so that they are compatible and work together properly. In order to use a 7 blade plug, you will need to install a 7 blade receptacle onto your trailer and wire the lights accordingly.
Once the receptacle and wiring are in place, you can use a 7 blade plug.
Can you convert a 4 pin trailer plug to a 7 pin?
Yes, you can convert a 4 pin trailer plug to a 7 pin. You will need to purchase a 7 pin adapter, sometimes referred to as a 'Y adapter. ' The 7 pin adapter is connected to the existing 4 pin plug, allowing you to utilize the extra pins available in a 7 pin plug.
The process to connect the adapter is fairly simple, though it is important to verify that your trailer wiring works correctly with the 7 pin adapter, as it will not work with all trailers. To ensure safety, it is best to consult a qualified automotive professional to complete this work.
How do you connect a 4 flat to a 7 blade?
Connecting a 4 flat to a 7 blade is a relatively straightforward process that can be done in a few easy steps. First, gather the necessary tools: an electrical wiring connector kit that includes a 4 flat to 7 blade adapter, a pair of wire cutters, and a roll of electrical tape.
Next, locate the corresponding wiring harness behind the 4 flat connector. Using the wire cutters, carefully cut the four wires inside the wiring harness and strip away a bit of the insulation on each wire.
Finally, attach each wire to the corresponding color in the 7 blade adapter using the electrical wiring connector kit. Once the connections are made, wrap everything in electrical tape to ensure a safe, secure connection.
With the wires secured and insulated, your 4 flat to 7 blade adapter is now wired and ready for use.
What does a 4 pin to 7 pin adapter do?
A 4 pin to 7 pin adapter is used to connect a 4-pin trailer plug on a vehicle to a 7-pin trailer plug on a trailer. The adapter converts the 4-pin electrical signal from the vehicle to a 7-pin electrical signal for the trailer, allowing the trailer to be powered by the vehicle.
The 4-pin connector typically provides the running lights, brake lights, and/or turn signals, while the extra pins in a 7-pin connector can provide power for electric brakes and reverse lights, as well as running lights and turn signals.
The adapter also allows a trailer with a 7-pin plug to be connected to a vehicle that has only a 4-pin connector.
How do I change 7 pin to 4 pin?
Changing from a 7 pin wiring system to a 4 pin wiring system is relatively straightforward, although it will require some rewiring and the removal of certain wires. The first step is to identify which of the 7 wires is going to be the power wire and mark it.
The power wire should be wired to the positive terminal of the 4 pin connector. The remaining 6 wires will then have to be divided into three pairs each, with one pair in the positive terminal and the other in the ground terminal.
Make sure to choose the correct wire color so as to ensure correct connections. Once the connections have been made, check all wiring with a voltmeter or an ohmmeter to ensure a safe and secure connection.
Once the connections are confirmed to be secure, proceed to put the 4 pin connector into the desired location and tighten any screws or bolts, if necessary. Once done, you should be able to move the device with the 7 pin wiring to the 4 pin connection with no further worries.
Do I need a brake controller if I have a 7 pin trailer plug?
Yes, you will need a brake controller if you have a 7 pin trailer plug. A 7 pin trailer plug is able to provide electricity to the trailer lights and brakes which requires brakes to be engaged. Without the brake controller, you are unable to distribute the proper amount of electricity to the brakes in order to activate them.
This is why a brake controller is necessary for a 7 pin trailer plug. It ensures that the brakes will be engaged, so your trailer is able to function properly and safely.
Does a 7 pin trailer plug control brakes?
Yes, a 7 pin trailer plug controls the brakes on a trailer. This plug is designed to transmit signals from the tow vehicle to the trailer lights, brakes, and turn signals. The type of brakes that the 7 pin trailer plug controls depends on the specific wiring on the trailer but it will typically control electric brakes.
There will be a wire connected specifically to control the trailer brakes, likely a blue wire. If the trailer is fitted with hydraulic brakes then the plug will typically control an electrical brake controller that then operates the hydraulic application.
Can you pull a trailer with electric brakes without a controller?
No, it is not recommended to pull a trailer with electric brakes without a controller. A trailer brake controller is an electronic device that connects a vehicle's brake system to the trailer's electric brakes.
It acts like a governor, ensuring the trailer brakes are applied in varying amounts based on pressure applied to the vehicle's brake pedal. The trailer brake controller uses a gain setting, also known as proportional braking, to allow a greater braking force as the deceleration increases.
Without the proper trailer brake controller, the electric brakes on the trailer may not work properly and may even cause damage to the trailer tires, wheels or brakes.
What is the blue wire for on a 7 pin trailer plug?
The blue wire on a 7 pin trailer plug is typically used as an auxillary power supply. It is usually used to power a taillight converter box or other accessories that require additional power. The supplied power is usually enough to energize necessary trailer features such as brakes, turn signals, and other lights.
When connecting the blue wire, it should be inserted into the fog light or stop light circuit to ensure proper functionality. Additionally, when possible, it should be fused at the power source with an inline fuse before connecting it to the trailer plug.
Do you need a converter for trailer wiring?
Yes, typically a converter is needed to connect trailer wiring. Converters are designed to convert the signals used in a tow vehicle's wiring system to the different signals used in trailer wiring systems.
When connecting a trailer to the tow vehicle, the converter helps the tow vehicle's electrical system read and interpret the signals sent by the trailer's wiring system. Converters typically come in two varieties – one that converts the tow vehicle's signals to the trailer's signals and one that converts the trailer's signals to the tow vehicle's signals.
The converter that is needed depends on the type of tow vehicle and the type of trailer being used. For example, a tow vehicle may use 7-pin wiring while the trailer may use 4-pin wiring. In order to get the trailer connected, an adapter is needed to convert the 7-pin system to the 4-pin system.
Converters can also be used for other applications, such as towing a trailer that is equipped with electric brakes but the tow vehicle does not send the necessary brakes-signal. The converter then simply sends the brakes-signal from the trailer to the tow vehicle and vice versa.
What gauge is 4 pin trailer wiring?
The gauge of 4 pin trailer wiring depends on the current that the wiring needs to handle. Generally speaking, 14-gauge wire can handle up to 15 amps, 12-gauge wire can handle up to 20 amps and 10-gauge wire can handle up to 30 amps.
It is important to select the correct gauge of wiring for your trailer as using too small of a wire can cause problems such as overheating and electrical fires. When in doubt, it is best to consult with a professional to ensure you are selecting the correct gauge of wiring for your trailer.
Additionally, if you are installing the wiring on your own, it is important to consult the vehicle and trailer owner's manuals for specific recommendations.
Is flat or round trailer plug better?
The decision of whether to use a flat or round trailer plug is largely dependent on the type of trailer you own. Flat trailer plugs are mainly used for utility trailer applications and general-purpose hauling.
These plugs are easy to install and tend to last longer because of their superior construction. On the other hand, round plugs are smaller, more compact and easier to store when not in use. They are designed for trailers with smaller hitch openings, including boat trailers and RV's.
The downside to round plugs is that they are more prone to breakage and require more careful installation. In the end, it's a matter of personal preference and what type of trailer you're working with.
How many amps can a 4 pin trailer plug handle?
The amount of amps that a 4 pin trailer plug can handle will vary depending on the make and model. However, as a general rule, most standard 4 pin connectors can handle up to 7. 5 amps. This is usually more than enough for most 12 volt lighting systems that would be used on a trailer.
However, when dealing with higher powered items, such as electric brakes or electronic devices, the power load must be taken into consideration. As such, it is best to consult with a knowledgeable person to determine the maximum current load that the particular connector can handle.
Are all 7-way trailer plugs the same?
No, they are not. While most 7-way plugs have the same basic configuration, the function assigned to each pin may not be the same. For instance, some electric brake controllers with integrated accessory wiring use the small round pin (often identified as 12V pin) for brake signal.
However, some models use the large "A" pin for signals. Additionally, the electric brake power is typically sent through the same small round pin in some plug designs, while it is sent through the large "A" pin on other models.
The 7-way plugs also come in multiple configurations depending on their use, such as round vs flat, insulated vs non-insulated, and female vs male. It is important to use the correct plug for your application to ensure proper and safe operation of your trailer.
Are there different 7-pin trailer connectors?
Yes, there are different 7-pin trailer connectors. Depending on the type, there can be additional functions available, such as electric brakes, battery charge, reverse polarity, and auxiliary power outputs.
Some of the various types of 7-pin trailer connectors are a flat 7-pin, round 7-pin, 7-pin RV, electric trailer brake 7-pin, and more. It is important to select the right connector for your trailer, depending on the intended use and the type of trailer being towed.
When in doubt, it is best to consult an expert such as a local trailer shop or a professional installer as they will be able to advise you on the type of connector that best suits your needs. | eng | e5215335-628a-4b27-a9cc-c50fb7b452a9 | https://www.skystreamenergy.com/is-there-a-way-to-make-a-4-flat-run-a-7-blade-trailer-plug/ |
Question: When can we expect final SECURE Act regulations from the IRS? Mike Answer: Hi Mike, No one knows for sure. However, there is now some hope that these may be coming sooner rather than later. In recently released Notice 2024-35, the IRS said that final......
A recent government report highlights how confused 401(k) participants are when they have to decide what to do with their savings after leaving employment. Tax rules require401(k) plans (and 403(b) and governmental 457(b) plans) to provide a written notice when...
Question: Can an individual who is using the age 55 exception to the 10% early distribution penalty roll over a part of a 403(b) account to an IRA and leave a portion in the 403(b) to take penalty-free withdrawals? Thank you, Jamie Answer: Hi Jamie, There is no rule......
By Andy Ives, CFP®, AIF® IRA Analyst Follow Us on X: @theslottreport We have written about this subject in the past (December 2023), but as is our philosophy here, learning is all about repetition, repetition, repetition. Surprisingly (he says with tongue | eng | f624bf4f-1bfc-413d-8626-acc68c974a64 | https://robertehynes.com/category/ira-blog/ |
"When things go sour and trigger points are reached—such as a bank's capital falling below certain levels relative to assets—the bonds convert to equity or are written down, cutting the bank's debt and absorbing losses. In a post-collapse pecking order, at1 bondholders should come between senior bondholders, who have a right to payouts first, and stockholders, who in theory take first losses.
Credit Suisse has shaken the market for at1 bonds, now worth around $275bn, for two reasons. One is the size of the write-down, the biggest in the history of cocos by some way. The other is the fact that stockholders emerged above at1 bondholders in the pecking order. "
"the Fed has raised the rate on overnight-reverse-repo transactions from 0.05% in February 2022 to 4.55%, making it far more alluring than the going rate on bank deposits of 0.4%. The amount money-market funds parked at the Fed in the reverse-repo facility—and thus outside the banks—jumped by half a trillion dollars in the same period." and the resulting headline "How the Federal Reserve drained the financial system of deposits"
The worry is that without sufficient deposits, US banks will be unable to fund themselves.
Someone at MB (I think), or maybe it was one of you, suggested that commerical property could be the next disaster waiting to happen thanks to higher rates and reduced demand due to people working from home.
"The take-away? In the midst of all the various credit crises, controlling inflation will be moved to the back burner. And the world will realize that the central banks are out of ammo, with no choice but to let their currencies burn."
zero's always alarmist but IMO bitcoin's looking good, especially with a halving due next year.
When empire of evil lost flucked its own soft power out of its sheer greed, it was left only with brute force which culminated with a shot in the foot and weaponisation of US$. The king is not dead as yet, it is terminally ill and unlike my previous belief, we get to see his end (at least usnwithout a Fauci lottery ticket). UnDollarisation became irreversible process that got its unstoppable momentum. 24. February 2022. is the beginning of the end.
"Blackstone has been exercising its right to block investors' withdrawals since November last year after requests hit a preset 5% net asset value of BREIT, which is marketed to mostly high net worth individuals."
Wonder how long it will take for commercial property to be written down in Australia. Whilst our Main Street is very busy, the vacant buildings have remained vacant for a while now. Only so many Asian restaurants, nail places, bubble tea places a place can have.
Additionally, CBD office space is not fully occupied, so not sure the landlords can ask for significant rent increases to offset higher borrowing costs. Will probably affect REITs. I am pretty sure super funds won't write them down and just lobby to get people back to the office.
If a majority of Australians vote in favour of the Voice, the Constitution would be amended as follows:
1. There shall be a body, to be called the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice;
2. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice may make representations to the Parliament and the Executive Government of the Commonwealth on matters relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples;
3. The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws with respect to matters relating to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice, including its composition, functions powers and procedures.
what the fuck does this even mean? so basically its a blank cheque for the ALP to make whatever laws they like in regards to aboriginals
Didn't they already have that power? What part of constitutional limitations are they actually bypassing with this?
Rents going through the roof and his main thing is putting abos in our face. I doubt this will go down well with interest rates, inflation, potential WW3. I think I was wrong I think Dutton has a shot.
It means that whatever form the voice takes another will have to be ready to take its place, avoiding the gaps like when ATSIC was abolished. That's the point. Among other things. Like ATSIC it's a sinecure for seniors of the Aborginal industry, as called about by senator Price.
this is this is the reaction they wanted from you, to make them victimised even more.
"my pronouns are Petrol and Diesel and I don't identify as but I am Petrosexual*". I said this to someone that threw their pronouns in my face and he took a hate poison pill hoping I will die from it. Made me happy with myself for weeks after….
SVB failed because it failed to manage the interest rate risk in its banking book. Oh, and the acting CRO was more interested in woke causes than running a bank. They had no full time CRO for almost a year.
For liquidity, banks are supposed to hold liquid treasury instruments and SVB opted for treasury bonds. Given the duration and convexity of these instruments, they have more interest rate risk than treasury bills. SVB failed to hedge this risk. Now expect Basel IV or V after this.
As for Credit Suisse, good riddance. They have been involved in every scandal over the last few decades.
I also noticed that Yellen didn't give a straight answer about insuring deposits for a small bank in a flyover state.
As to where next, I guess the choice is to tame inflation to help the working class or save banks from themselves and save the elite.
I think whatever is bubbling away is going to erupt again in one or more big institutions. My question is which one and by what means. Perhaps Credit Suisse is the new Bear Stearns. I want to know who's the next Lehman.
Daddy Dan Andrews has just introduced a "Windfall Gains Tax", to hammer anyone benefiting from rezoning. It's something like 75% of any value uplift, which will make old farmers very pissed off. The Greens want the tax to be at a 75% rate. Nationally all the Year 10 economic studies graduates currently masquerading as Federal and State Treasurers will all want to copy this.
The upshot is Developers will not risk rezoning, being cost prohibitive. So like every other ALP plan it will fuck the supply side, shrivel it up more and make the cost of housing worse.
She's putrid, just a stupid Bikie slag who must be ok with being passed around as they like to do. I'd say her IQ is equivalent to a supermarket shelf stacker with a brain injury.
So much fun to watch though, but her life must be just dog vomit. She is obviously supporting the long history of Aboriginal Trans Gender freaks, I'm sure their culture must love Paedo freaks and off kilter lesbians.
Seeing her crawl away like that across the grass was pathetic, she puts zero value on her own self respect etc so I would guess Coming's assumption would be spot on.
You can buy whatever phone you like no questions asked, but the ID requirements to get a functional simcard have been in place for decades. How easy or hard those requirements are to bypass I have no idea.
It is a trivial task to get a working sim under a fake name from the dark net. I've had one, although I let it lapse as it had served its purpose. From there you can easily grow out additional forms of identity using that sim as the keystone.
Most would be available from the telco, possibly all if the phone sends the GPS tracking data back to the mothership. Assuming the telco chooses to save it all. What they are legally required to save is here
That's interesting. I had a look and it says they aren't obligated to maintain detailed data, but it seems like they do it anyway. Storage is so cheap it's probably just as easy or easier to keep all of it.
No wonder why they worry about the Chinese tracking people when they track every movement anyway.
So is Pauline into something with uncovering the true intentions of the voice here?
"As Australians would be aware, the Liberal Party have struck a deal with Labor to give the Government the numbers to pass the Voice Referendum Machinery Bill.
So in effect the Coalition have handed Labor the starters gun for what will be an extraordinarily divisive constitutional change where we peg Indigenous Australians against all other Australians.
My concerns have been further elevated today, by a letter I received from a member of the public who provided an eleven point plan, he says was devised by staff within the National Indigenous Australians Agency, which operates within the remit of Prime Minister and Cabinet.
It's the same NIAA group I brought to the Australian peoples attention earlier this week.
A body of 1,317 bureaucrats, funded to the tune of almost $4.5 billion this financial year, reportedly set up to improve the lives of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
The NIAA are an unnecessary, duplication body set up in addition to the roughly 3000 Aboriginal Corporations, all registered under the CATSI Act that also claim to do the same thing.
But my anxiety levels are rising following this correspondence, containing details of an eleven point plan left behind by a group of 6 or 7 NIAA employees having coffee at a café in the Woden Towns Centre.
Now this coffee shop in Woden is roughly 450 metres from the NIAA office here in Canberra.
Let me read to you the 11 bullet points that were taken from pages left behind by that group of NIAA staff.
2. Universities: No entry tests, and no fees for First Nations people.
3. Old age pensions: Reduced age eligibility for First Nations people "Because we die younger".
4. Public Housing: First Nations people to have first preference for all vacant public housing across all states.
5. Sport & Music: Entry fees reduced by 50% for First Nations people for any events on public land.
6. Beaches & National Parks: All beaches and national parks to be property of the relevant tribe, and non-first nations people to be charged to use the beaches, parks etc… Revenues to go to relevant tribe.
7. Rivers and Streams: to become property of relevant tribe, and fees for water consumption paid to relevant tribe.
8. Mining Royalties: Same as for water.
9. Income tax: For First Nations people to be 50% of normal rate.
10. Liquor Licensing: All new liquor licenses across Australia to be vetted by Voice.
11. Voice Office: Research / Policy staff to analyse and review all proposed Government policies, legislation and appointments. Same size and pay as DPMC.
The DPMC they refer to stands for Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet.
If the Prime Minister is aware of these initiatives set out by the NIAA, it would appear that Mr Albanese continues to mislead the Australian people over the extent of powers given to the Voice to Parliament.
If on the other hand, the PM does not know about the list, then who from Prime Minister and Cabinet is overseeing the actions of the National Indigenous Australians Agency?
Australians have a right to know the extent of the powers being handed to the Voice to Parliament NOW…. Certainly not whenever this government feels like it."
First nations people. Nations, plural. Of these first nations, which nation was first? Why do the subsequent nations, who weren't first, get the same tithes as the first nation? Does first nations imply that all these nations were formed at the same time? Can the word 'nation' be contextually defined within the agitprop phrase 'first nations people'. Does the idea of 'first nations people' take into account that some of these tribes l mean nations were at war with each other, some tribes I mean nations even attempting to commit genocide on other tribes I mean nations? Will the tithes reflect these inter tribe I mean nation war crimes and be redistributed among first tribes I mean nations accordingly?
So in effect the Coalition have handed Labor the starters gun for what will be an extraordinarily divisive constitutional change where we peg Indigenous Australians against all other Australians.
If the voice gets through the play to do is to simply identify as Indigenous if you have the tiniest smidgin of indigenous ancestry.
Who knows it may actually be a Godsend. Radically changing the constitution and political economy, can open radically unexpected ways to exploit the change, not always for the benefit of those who are pushing so hard for it.
Already the base trend of indigenous identification is there – if that is the back door opportunity for Nationalism, in any way shape or form to once again gain power, then brother I be a proud Kamilaroi man!
Guess what? The UN states that mass migration into indigenous lands constitutes cultural genocide. Immigration is one door I can see at being constitutionally challenged thanks to a Nationalistic Voice.
Thanks to the progressives own laws it is nearly impossible to disprove indigenous identity, even with the tinniest skerrick of genetic ancestry. There are a huge number of Colonial descent Australians with some indigenous ancestry, and what is in a name anyway? Would a rose by any other name not smell as sweet?
I like Charles Hugh Smith, he is a bit too black pilled to consume in more than small doses, but he throws out an interesting idea here:
Each Elite fiefdom seeks to mask its single-minded devotion to its own self-interest behind fine-sounding claims of noble ideals: a Multipolar World (in which we're free to pillage the planet), Freedom of Speech (controlled by us, of course), Decentralized Finance (which just so happens to be owned and controlled by the few) and a vast spectrum of other cover stories for the enrichment of Elite fiefdoms at the expense of society at large.
"single-minded devotion to its own self-interest" i.e. Culture or which stem from Cultural values. Our Egregore manifesting itself.
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Drago
Guest
1 year ago
Let's be honest, the grifters and hypocrits have done best over the last few years.
With Albo throwing money at anyone who once owned a boomerang. I'm proposing a mass 'identification' of Aboriginality. Last census saw basically a doubling of EZFKA citizens who identified as Indigenous, which was obviously a scam. | eng | 2148c68f-417c-45d7-9715-3027a7bef6a9 | https://www.ezfka.com/2023/03/22/where-to-next-for-the-banking-crises/ |
Similarities between embryos, breast tumors identified
Date:
June 30, 2015
Source:
University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
Summary:
It may seem incredulous, but breast tumors may have something in common with embryos, at least in mice, say researchers. Tumors that resemble six-day-old mouse embryos are more prone to metastasize than those that look like tissues from adult mice, researchers discovered. Specifically, they noticed that the same genes that are turned on in developing mice are also present in metastatic tumors.
It may seem incredulous, but breast tumors may have something in common with embryos… at least in mice, say researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
A study led by Sendurai Mani, Ph.D., associate professor of Translational Molecular Pathology and Jeffrey Chang, Ph.D., assistant professor of Integrative Biology at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, found that tumors that resemble six-day-old mouse embryos are more prone to metastasize than those that look like tissues from adult mice. Specifically, they noticed that the same genes that are turned on in developing mice are also present in metastatic tumors.
Although every cell contains the same set of genes, which ones are activated are unique across tissues and medical conditions. This pattern of activation, also called a gene expression signature, may indicate different subtypes of a disease, including those that predict disease survival or prognosis. Gene expression signatures are thought to be useful for identifying effective treatments for select groups of patients.
"Looking at the embryo to learn more about cancer is a novel and important finding for researchers," said Mani. "It is difficult to predict metastasis by merely analyzing the primary tumor and often, no mutations can be found. Clinicians still need to know whether a tumor is going to metastasize."
The researchers aimed to isolate a marker from the gene expression signature and identified one marker based on the biology of a developing embryo.
One process that is activated in early embryonic development is called the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tumors that form in the linings of organs known as the epithelium, which account for over 85 percent of solid tumors, can activate this complex biochemical program which leads to metastasis in the lab. They found that the EMT gene expression signature did not predict metastasis in human tumors.
A key insight to this problem is that for cancer cells to metastasize, they must change their characteristics. In the primary tumor, cancer cells must grow quickly before they stop growing and enter a "migratory state" where they disseminate to the metastatic site. To establish tumor spread, they need to switch back to a fast-growing cell. Scientists call this ability to change characteristics "plasticity."
"Recent findings have shown that carcinomas have to shed off their EMT features and activate the reverse process, MET, in order to promote metastasis and create heterogeneous tumors at distant sites," said Mani.
Mani's team wondered if tumors likely to spread would behave like embryos, in particular, early stage embryos.
"During early stages of embryo development, this phenomenon of plasticity is more prevalent compared to that in embryos at later stages or even in adult tissues, and our findings clearly demonstrate that metastatic tumors bear remarkable similarities in gene expression profiles to that of mouse embryos at day 6.5 of early gestation," said Mani.
"Our findings clearly demonstrated that metastatic tumors are more like the embryo," he said. "We found that tumors having gene expression signatures similar to mouse embryonic development day 6.5 were more prone to develop metastasis compared to tumors with more adult-differentiated signatures."
This first-of-its-kind signature stands out in its ability to predict metastatic propensity in cancer patients by analyzing the bulk of the primary tumor rather than residual issues or scarce circulating tumor cells. More importantly, the signature is applicable to a wide class of breast tumor subtypes.
Study results were published in the June 30 issue of Nature Scientific Reports.
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Mar. 8, 2023 — Researchers have identified a way to treat the area surrounding breast tumors that have spread to bone so that such tumors become vulnerable to attack by the body's immune system. When theFeb. 16, 2021 — Gliomas are common brain tumors that comprise about one third of all cancers of the nervous system. Researchers tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics ...
Mar. 26, 2020 — Researchers in the cancer nanomedicine community debate whether use of tiny structures, called nanoparticles, can best deliver drug therapy to tumors passively -- allowing the nanoparticles | eng | 4a6937f0-35e1-454e-bec8-7c004ee1e3af | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/06/150630122404.htm |
If you are concerned about the activation of the gift card, check with the cashier that it is properly activated and ready to use. The cashier may provide you with a receipt confirming that the card has been activated.
Are gift cards automatically activated?
If you use gift cards, be sure to keep your eyes open so you don't become a victim. Gift cards have no value until activated, so they aren't usually under lock and key at the store.
How does a gift card get activated?
When you buy a gift card at the store (whether it is a retailer, restaurant, Visa or Mastercard gift card), you take the gift card to the cash register and ask the cashier to load money onto the card. The cashier takes the card, activates it and loads the dollar amount requested onto the card.
How can I activate my gift card without scanning it?
Many gift cards are activated when they're purchased, so they don't need to be activated by the recipient. However, some do need to be activated by the recipient before they can be used. You can activate a gift card by calling the merchant or accessing the provided URL and inputting the correct activation numbers.
How do I activate my gift card online?
Activating Your Card Online. Visit the activation link listed on the sticker on front of your card. If you don't feel like making a phone call, you can usually activate your gift card online. There should be an activation link listed either on back of your card or on the sticker on the front of your card.
How do I activate my prepaid card?
Activate Online Note the Web address for activation on the prepaid card's packaging, or on the sticker pasted on the front of the card. Open a Web browser and enter the activation URL into the address bar. Click the "Activate Card" option. Type the prepaid Visa card number into the corresponding input boxes.
How long does it take for a prepaid card to activate?
Activating a prepaid debit card is easy and takes just a few minutes. You must have your card with you when you activate so you can enter your card number, three-digit security code and expiration date. Some issuers charge an activation fee or other fees to maintain your prepaid debit card.
Can you activate a gift card at self checkout?
Can you buy gift cards at self-checkout? Yes. If you're buying a gift card where you can decide how much credit to add, just scan the card and fill in how much cash you want to add to it when the prompt appears. The card then automatically activates once you've paid.
How do I activate my POS gift card?
Gift Card Activation Swipe the card across the magnetic card reader or enter the card number manually. Enter the gift card amount using the on-screen number pad and press the CONTINUE button to activate the gift card. The results screen is displayed within a few seconds.
How do I check a gift card balance?What can you do if you get scammed with a gift card?
Report Fraud Report it to the Federal Trade Commission at ReportFraud.ftc.gov. Report it even if you didn't pay. You can also report it to your state attorney general. If you lost money, also report it to local law enforcement. A police report may help when you deal with the card issuer.
Can a stolen gift card be traced?
Can stolen gift cards be traced? In general, it is very difficult for gift cards to be traced. A main component of gift cards is that they are not attached to an individual or an account, so there is no personal information linked to them. This should help reduce the number of gift card scams in the future.
Why is my gift card empty?
There are more disturbing reasons your gift card may be empty. If the strip has been scratched to reveal the card's security code, someone could have gotten the gift card number and code, waited for the card to be loaded and then used the card before you got the chance, Reynolds says.
Do gift cards expire?
Federal Gift Card Law Thanks to the federal Credit CARD Act of 2009, gift certificates and store gift cards can't expire for five years. However, issuers can still charge an "inactivity fee" if the card has not been used within twelve months.
Are granny gift cards real?
Overall, if you are looking for a user-friendly site for online gift card shopping, Gift Card Granny is a highly reputable website for consumers to buy discounted gift cards. Customers will find great deals through searching the online marketplace to find the best discounted rates.
Why can't I register my Visa gift cardHow do I check my balance on my virtual Visa card?
HOW DO I CHECK MY VISA VIRTUAL ACCOUNT'S AVAILABLE BALANCE? You can check your Visa Virtual Account's available balance and complete transaction history online, at any time, free of charge. Click on the balance check tab and follow the prompts.
Do you need to activate a visa gift card?
Your Visa gift card must be activated in order to be used for purchases either online or in-store. Depending on where the gift card was purchased, you will have to activate your card on the issuing bank or provider's website or call the toll free number listed on the back of your card. | eng | f6d28967-f1ee-4fac-b336-871638ea97b7 | https://bikehike.org/how-to-check-if-gift-card-is-activated/ |
0984533012
Blog
What is a Virtual Data Room?
A virtual dataroom is an online platform for document management that streamlines workflows and helps keep confidential information safe. It eliminates the need for mailing physical files and makes it easier for teams to access records anytime, from any location. Cloud-based architecture means that there aren't any major hardware needs for users, besides computers with an internet connection and a current web browser. Virtual information spaces are popular with companies in the field of life science and technology that require security to protect confidential information and close deals.
Streamlining workflows
A majority of people need to look through folders when managing their documents. Virtual data rooms can automate this process, which saves time and effort. A simple search allows users to locate the files they are looking for in seconds. Furthermore, most VDRs also offer advanced features like redaction and fence view that help to ensure personally-identifiable data stays private. Fence view, for instance is a feature that hides specific sections of a file so that only the administrator has access to it. The other content of the document is still accessible.
Secure sensitive information
Many companies frequently communicate confidential paperwork. It could be due diligence for mergers and acquisitions or simply working with clients the type of documentation is required to be secure. VDRs are the most efficient method to share these types of documents with third parties without risking confidentiality. They are also a more affordable alternative to flying experts and stakeholders by plane to another city to examine physical documents in person.
Besides storing and sharing confidential information, a virtual space can also facilitate collaboration on projects much more efficient. With a central platform that lets teams collaborate on the same projects at the same time businesses can avoid costly mistakes and delays. This type of collaborative platform assists companies in complying with industry and regulatory standards.
The most reliable vendors have at least ISO 27001, SOC 1/2/3 GDPR, ISO 27001, as well as HIPAA certifications. They also offer a vast range of security features which can be tailored to meet the needs of any company. These include two-factor authentication, encryption of data, restriction based on IP address, customizable NDAs, and more.
Selecting the right virtual data room is essential for companies who want to accelerate their workflows and enhance collaboration. It's crucial to look at the various options available and choose one that provides flexible pricing options that can grow as a company grows. It is also recommended to look for an initial trial version of the software so that you can try it before committing to an annual contract. It is essential to select the service provider that provides 24/7 customer support and is able to respond to all inquiries quickly. This will make you feel comfortable in your decision and make an informed choice that will benefit your business. | eng | 43d1252f-eb12-4b1c-8b5a-c3c8fd0864d3 | https://www.assisttotal.com/what-is-a-virtual-data-room/ |
It's very likely that Bush or his surrogate has already discussed strategy with the Supreme Court Whores who put him in office and who are now tearing apart the constitution, precedent after precedent.
If they've already had those conversation-- and why shouldn't we make that assumption?-- the American people must face some very unpleasant realities.
The supposed Judicial branch of the USA has been, possibly irreparably, corrupted.
There is no ultimate recourse for justice in America.
The USA has been taken over and is no longer subject to democratic law.
It is very likely that there are many, many layers of corruption and illegal actions that will never be uncovered.
That said, the congress and the people of the US will have a serious decision to make.
If the SCOTUS blocks congressional oversight of Bush, t will be clear that the Supreme court of the US is no longer operating under good faith or integrity. The congress and the people of the US must do all they can to remedy this situation, including supreme court justices.
It is essential that the congress plan for the worst exigencies and develop strategies to handle them.
If Bush and his administration are protected by the SCOTUS from being held accountable by his Supreme Court, America will be face a situation like never before.
It will take courage and creativity, bravery and audacity, sacrifice and heroism that true patriots know.
We better be ready for it. I fear for the worst. Congress better get much tougher, sooner, or it will be too late | eng | 8360ea44-3bfa-4e56-8839-5b5c99b715c5 | https://www.opednews.com/populum/page.php?f=opedne_rob_kall_070708_what_if_bush_s_supre.htm |
12. Educational Equity & Civil Rights with Andy Imparato
In this episode, Diana chats with Andy Imparato, Executive Director of Disability Rights California, about educational equity and civil rights. During this robust conversation, Andy reflects the lesson he's learned that civil rights laws do not enforce themselves, and that parents and guardians are put in the position to be "private attorney generals" when educated about their children's rights. He advocates for teacher training for equitable, modern classrooms. He also asks administrators to operate from the core values that brought them into education in the first place. He encourages disabled students seek out people who view their disability as normal, and as an asset. Andy passionately shares the belief that "inequality is not inevitable" and with some imagination, coordination, and commitment, everyone in our communities can thrive the honor of our guest on today's Beyond Awareness podcast. Andy Imparato is the Executive Director of Disability Rights California, and has a vast and diverse history of work and advocacy related to disability. Andy, welcome to the show.
Andy Imparato:
Thank you, Diana. It's great to be here.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Thanks. So can you please share a bit about your journey in the field of disability advocacy, both personally and professionally?
Andy Imparato:
Sure. So I went to law school straight out of college and I ended up having my first serious episode of depression during my last semester of law school. That was in 1990. So it was about 32 years ago. And I graduated law school in May. The Americans with Disabilities Act passed in July of that year, so it was good timing for me. And I ended up devoting my career to disability rights. I'm trained as a lawyer, but I think of myself kind of as a policy wonk. What I really like doing is influencing policy and building networks and cultivating leaders who can influence policy. So I came to Disability Rights California after 26 years in DC, because I was intrigued by the scale of the organization. It's a 41 million dollar organization. I know, Diana, you served on the board and it's grown even since you were on the board, it keeps growing. We have over a hundred attorneys. So to me, this is like an aircraft carrier and I just have to be careful not to push the wrong button.
Diana Pastora Carson:
That's wonderful. Well, I'm sure you're not pushing the wrong buttons. I appreciate all the work that you've done. And you are highly esteemed in your field by many, and we're...
Andy Imparato:
Well, the same is true of you, Diana.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Thank you. All right. So can you share with our audience what the differences are between disability rights to education via existing laws compared to policies and practices that we sometimes see in our education system?
Andy Imparato:
Well, you know, one way to think about this is a law is an effort to express what a policy should be on the ground, but the law does not enforce itself. So in 1975, there were about a million children in the United States who were getting no education at all. And there were some Supreme Court decisions that said, that's not okay. And Congress decided to pass a law called the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, now called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act that basically said, if you're a public school, you have to educate all the children in your area; and they all have a right to a free, appropriate public education; and this is what that means. And it was, you know, in some ways, it was common sense. Why wouldn't you educate all the kids in your community? But in some ways it was transformational because, up until that point in time, schools got away with saying, oh, that kid is too disabled.
Andy Imparato:
We don't know what to do with your kid. So we're not gonna educate your kid. And you know, the law is complex. It doesn't implement itself. When I worked at the National Council on Disability, we did a study of federal enforcement of all the civil rights laws that protect people with disabilities. And I think of IDEA, in part, as a civil rights law. It articulates the civil rights that children with disabilities should receive in a classroom setting along with the ADA and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. So, you know, the big lesson to me, we looked at the Department of Education's own monitoring data. And the Department of Education was clear that every state in the country was out of compliance with core civil rights protections under IDEA. And they basically didn't do anything about it. They kept, everybody kept getting their funding even though they weren't complying with the law.
Andy Imparato:
So my big takeaway from all of the civil rights enforcement studies that we did, because we looked at the ADA, we looked at the Fair Housing Act. We looked at all kinds of laws, is that civil rights laws do not enforce themselves. And the government is not big enough to enforce the law at every place where there's a violation. So if you really want these laws to get implemented, you need a well-educated protected class. The people who enforce the civil rights of children with disabilities are parents. And if the parent or whoever the caretakers are for the child, but if parent is not well educated in what their kids rights are or their, you know, the person they're taking care of's rights are in a classroom, then there's a good chance that those rights are not going to happen in the classroom.
Andy Imparato:
And I wish that wasn't true, but that was my big takeaway. So I, my lesson from, for Disability Rights California, and for all of us who care about educational equity and civil rights in the classroom, is we need to spend a lot of money to educate the protected class in multiple languages. And we need to do it repeatedly. And we need to support them to be effective civil rights enforcement agents in the classrooms. There's a concept in the law called a private attorney general. I don't know if you've heard of that, but it's basically like a person who enforces the law as an individual who knows the law, and as an agent of the state, saying on behalf of the state, you need to do this. In some ways, every parent can be a private attorney general for IDEA and go into a classroom and say, what you're doing is not complying with my child's rights and you have to change. And if you don't, I'm gonna complain to the Office of Civil Rights or wherever. But that's part of being well-educated as a parent, is knowing where to go if you don't get what you need from the teacher or the school administrator.
Andy Imparato:
Well, I mean, I'm interested in how you would answer that question too, but because you're a teacher and I'm not, but from my perspective, you tell me if I'm wrong. I think part of the problem is that we have special education and general education. And I think that framing does a disservice to teachers because I think for most teachers, unless they're going into special education as their focus or their discipline, they're not learning enough in their training as a teacher about how to meet the needs of all students. They're not learning enough in their training as a teacher to have a lot of different tools in their toolkit that they can pull out to try with students who learn in different ways. And instead of worrying about whether the student has a particular label or whether they have a particular right under IDEA, I feel like all teachers should learn that in a modern classroom, you have to have multiple ways to reach children. You need to be ready to try lots of different things and you shouldn't get caught up on the kid's label and you should always try to learn and recognize that the kid is going to be able to teach you how to meet their needs if you're listening to the kid and paying attention to the kid.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah. That was beautifully said. You hit the nail on the head. As a teacher, I would agree a hundred percent. What about administrators? Because I know, that as a teacher, if I'm a teacher who is ready, I say I am willing to try anything I can to make sure that I'm addressing the needs of all of my students, that I'm being that all-inclusive teacher, but there's pushback from my district on inclusive education. What would you say to administrators?
Andy Imparato:
Well, I think for me, I like to start with, what are your core values? You know, why did you go into being an administrator? And if, if one of your core values is that every child that crosses the threshold of this school is going to get the best quality education that we can provide for that child. Then start with that core value and spell out what that means in the context of a child who is gonna have a different set of needs and capacities, depending on what the school is willing to provide. I think some administrators are worried about legal requirements. Some administrators are worried about budgets. I'll never forget, you know, at my church in Baltimore, we had the mayor, the former mayor of Baltimore came and spoke to my church. And this is a progressive mayor. He was the first Black mayor of Baltimore,
Andy Imparato:
Kurt Schmoke. He's currently the President of the University of Baltimore, which is where my wife taught in Baltimore. But we had him come and speak at our school. And we just wanted him to talk about the future of education in Baltimore, right? So it wasn't about kids with disabilities, but he decided to talk about IDEA. And he said that he thought that IDEA was the most important civil rights law since this Civil Rights Act of 1964. But , and this was an important but, two thirds of the resources are going to one third of the children. That was his core message to a progressive church in Baltimore City. And I said, that's what we're up against with a lot of school administrators. They think that kids with disabilities are sucking resources away from other kids and that that is creating an equity problem.
Andy Imparato:
And I just don't think that they're very creative. I mean, I'm sure there are exceptions to this, but I think some administrators are just not very creative in thinking about, well, is there a way to solve whatever the issues are for the kids with disabilities and improve the education for all the other students at the same time. It shouldn't be an either/or. And I firmly believe that there is. I firmly believe that universal design for learning improves the education environment for all students. It also gives them skills and core values that they can take with them into adulthood. So I think there's a solution to that problem, but unfortunately I think there's some zero-sum thinking on the part of school administrators who think that kids with disabilities are getting too many resources and too much attention, and that they don't have the luxury of doing that because they're trying to focus on all the other kids.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah. Well-said, thank you. Okay, so you spoke to what teachers need to know. You spoke to what administrators need to know and what parents need to know. Now, my final question for you is what do students need to know about themselves and about their disabilities and their futures?
Andy Imparato:
Well, I know for me, as somebody dealing with a new diagnosis of bipolar disorder, as a young lawyer, it helped me to hear the idea that a disability is a natural part of the human experience and that your lived experience with your disability can be an asset. And it can inform the way you navigate the world in a way that makes you more interesting and better. And I think to the extent that children who are dealing with dyslexia or down syndrome or autism or ADHD, or whatever, can be exposed to the idea that their disability is natural, that neurodiversity is a positive thing, and that they're gonna have insights from their lived experience that make them more attractive for the jobs that they want to apply for, or more interesting as human beings or, you know, able to connect with other human beings in a different kind of way.
Andy Imparato:
Like all of that positive stuff to me is so important. And I just, it makes me very sad that we still, you know, I mean, we've had IDEA on the books since 1975. The disability rights movement has been around since before that. And that we're still not focusing enough on the positives. And I don't mean to think, I don't mean to imply, that there aren't negative things that happen connected to people's disabilities. But if you start out with the idea that disability's natural and then start thinking that the negative things are not natural, the negative things are what happens when our society doesn't respond appropriately to your disability. I just think that's a really important frame. And if people can kind of graduate from high school, being comfortable in their own skins, as young people with disabilities, feeling a connection to the global disability rights movement, feeling some disability pride and disability cultural identity, then I feel like our education system has done a great job. So, so for the students, I would just say, find people who see your disability as a gift. Find people who see your disability as natural and normal. And don't listen to the people who think differently about your disability.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Thank you. That was beautiful, and so important. So I know that was, I said that was going to be my last question. I do have another question and that is: is there anything I didn't ask that you would like to share?
Andy Imparato:
Well, you know, we're gonna, I think you're gonna participate in it. We're having an Education Equity Summit next month. And we've got the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Civil Rights at the US Department of Education, Catherine Lhamon has agreed to participate. And we've got the Assistant Secretary for the Office of Disability Employment Policy at the US Department of Labor has agreed to participate, Taryn Williams. But what I like about having the Department of Labor and the Department of Education coming together to talk about educational equity, is I feel like, ultimately, educational equity is about giving people a solid foundation to then go out into the world and have a life that, you know, helps them fulfill their dreams, whatever they are. So, you know, to me, part of the purpose of education is to prepare people for life after after school.
Andy Imparato:
And part of the purpose of inclusive employment is to help people with disabilities have success in the labor market. That's much easier to do if the people that have childhood onset disabilities get the right kinds of supports while they're in school and have, you know, a paid work experience while they're in school, that's a positive work experience that kind of sets them up for success as adulthood. So I, you know, we were having a national conversation about equity and I feel like educational equity is part of it, health equity is part of it. In California, we think about housing equity. We think about, you know, emergency preparedness and response and equity issues. And now we think about transit and transportation equity. But I really feel like if we can get education equity right in this state, then we're creating a solid foundation on which we can build all other kinds of equity.
Andy Imparato:
So I'm really excited about our summit on February 7th, I feel like one of the roles that Disability Rights California can play is as a convener. So we're trying to bring together the federal and state thought leaders on educational equity, writ large with federal and state thought leaders on disability, education and equity, and make sure that those conversations are one conversation. Because right now it feels like the people who live and breathe equity, don't always think about the disability aspects of it. And the people who live and breathe disability, don't always think about racial equity and other kinds of equity. So I'm hoping that this summit can bridge a little bit of that divide. And I'm just so excited that we have the federal participation that we have because Catherine Lhamon, to me, is the best Assistant Secretary for the Office of Civil Rights of the US Department of Education in the history of that role. She had that role under Obama and she liked it so much, she came back to do it again under Biden. But to me, she is as good as it gets in terms of somebody who thinks about equity across the board, and has deep knowledge and deep love and deep understanding of what that means for kids with disabilities.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah. Wow. That's so exciting. Thank you, Andy, for your leadership and for DRCs leadership in that great endeavor. And I'm sure that it's gonna make a big difference having all of these agencies speaking, communicating, and working together to ensure equity across the board and much better quality of life for a lot of people in the future.
Andy Imparato:
Diana, am I allowed to ask you a question?
Diana Pastora Carson:
Sure.
Andy Imparato:
So what, what made you go into at teaching?
Diana Pastora Carson:
Well, gosh, caught me off guard with that, Andy. What made me go into teaching? I love kids. I love having fun with kids. I love seeing the sparkle in their eyes when they learn. And I really, you know, with my brother Joaquin and his experience of not being included, I really wanted to show that you can, you can value and include anyone in the education system. And I think that I did that in my classroom. Um, and
Andy Imparato:
Do you, do you feel like between the time when you did your preparation to start out teaching in a classroom and now do you feel like the field of education has improved and that inclusion is easier now than it was when you started? Or do you feel like we're still kind of pretty far from where we need to be?
Diana Pastora Carson:
I feel like there's more conversation about it. And, mind you, I worked in one school district and the majority of my time in one school and I had extraordinary administrators who let me do what I felt, you know, what I was compelled to do in terms of inclusion. When students left my classroom, if there was not that commitment from the administration and the psychologists in the district, then the administrators and the teachers' hands were tied to continue that. I do think that in some places there is much more openness to full inclusion and to really reconstructing how we, how we exist as an education system, how schools exist, what they look like, what they feel like. And then some school districts are still very much formatted, structured in the same way that they've always been. We have the silos of special education and general education, as you said, and that is where people's minds are. And so until we can change that, until we have the courage, the foresight and the will to make some scary changes. We're not gonna see a difference for those students who are excluded for much of the day, if not all of the day, especially students with more significant support needs, more significant communication support needs, behavior support needs especially.
Andy Imparato:
And do you have kind of a good response to the, the progressive urban mayor? Like my former mayor in Baltimore who says IDEA is a great civil rights law, but two thirds of the resources are going to one third of the kids. What, how would you respond to that as a teacher?
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah, I don't know. I'm not the one holding the purse. In my classroom, you know, I've got my kindergarten calendar and I've got my little squares, my rainbow rug with the squares of different colors. And I'm teaching the ABCs and the sounds of phonics and math and counting to 100. So I'm not holding that purse. But what I do know is that if we had a different way of housing school, if we had a different way of structuring what we offer to students, so that we didn't have to have a self, a self-contained classroom for my students all the time. But like you said, we share that, we give the best practices, the opportunities to all students whether they have a diagnosis or a label or not. Then I don't think that it has to be that two thirds of the resources are going to one third of the population.
Andy Imparato:
Yeah, and it's interesting. I appreciate that response. I'm not personally necessarily bothered that two thirds of the resources are going to one third of the kids. The question for me is how are those one third doing with those two thirds of the resources? Are they getting the outcomes that they deserve? Are they having great quality education? And then how are the other kids doing with less resources? And if the answer is everybody's doing great, then it sounds like a good allocation. If you give everybody the exact same resources, you're gonna have huge equity issues because they don't all show up at the school door with the same needs.
Diana Pastora Carson:
You're right. You're right. You caught me off guard. But I believe that too. In fact, I've shared this story before that, what I would tell my kindergartners, if somebody had an owie and they got a bandaid, then I wouldn't give a bandaid to everyone in the class because that's not what they all needed. You give the bandaid to the one that needs it the most. And not to say that a disability is a bad thing like an owie, but just, you know, that equity means everybody gets what it is that they need.
Andy Imparato:
Yeah. And, and I really believe that if the problem is that the pie is too small, then let's make the pie bigger, but let's not get in a fight about why are these people getting more than those people?
Diana Pastora Carson:
Right.
Andy Imparato:
And I don't know... My biggest challenge in California coming back after 30 years, is the savage inequality in our state. It just amazes me that we have the wealthiest people in the world in this state living alongside people who are homeless and we can't figure out how to solve that.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah. Another issue for another day, Andy.
Andy Imparato:
But I do think that mindset that inequality is inevitable is getting baked into our state. And I do think it gets in the way of equity. Like inequality is not inevitable. We can decide that everybody in this state is gonna have a good life and is gonna have safe, affordable housing and is gonna have nutrition and is gonna have, you know, access to employment. And, you know, I just think we have a failure of imagination right now. And for me, part of it started with Proposition 13, I don't know if you remember Howard Jarvis. It took all this money out of the public system based on the idea that rich people shouldn't pay such high property taxes. And it destroyed schools, it destroyed higher education, it destroyed so many things that were the backbone of what made California great. So I don't know. I feel like equality, income inequality, is a big, big problem that has to be addressed if we want to have equity.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yeah, absolutely. Absolutely. Well, I know that a lot of teachers would appreciate that they would have the ability to meet the needs of all their students in their classroom and have the support from the higher ups to do so.
Andy Imparato:
Yeah. And I, and I wanna say, I hope I didn't come across as anti-teacher when I was talking about the importance of educating parents. But I do think in a civil rights context, the people who need to be educated first are the parents. And then the parents are the ones who typically educate the teachers, at least in the specific needs of their child. But if the parents are not really well-educated, then you're kind of rolling the dice in terms of what's happening in the classroom. The teachers can make a huge difference and do make a huge difference, but you can have a great fifth grade teacher and a horrible sixth grade teacher. So if the parent's not there to engage with the sixth grade teacher to make sure that the kid continues to get what they need, then you're still gonna have a problem for that child.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Right. Yes. Thank you so much, Andy. I really appreciate this conversation. I appreciate you taking the time to do this and I appreciate your work.
Andy Imparato:
Yeah, well, it's mutual and I'm looking forward to meeting you in person at some point.
Diana Pastora Carson:
Yes. Can't wait | eng | 895ed4f1-3f4d-4401-b3de-e8af4418eccd | https://www.dianapastoracarson.com/podcasts/beyond-awareness-disability-awareness-that-matters/episodes/2147681239 |
"Nutrition"
An Important Thing to Consider when
choosing to eat certain types of food.
Created Feb 14 2004
Quite often our bodies don't absorb the nutrients contained in certain foods.
The main reason being our stomach can't break it down properly.
This occurs quite often in some people but a few others have no problem.
Everyone is different to some extent, but each individual can easily determine
if they have this problem. It really noticable with "Corn" if you dare to look.
Some Particularly troublesome foods are: Corn and Whole Grains.Corn is far easier to digest if instead of Niblet, you use Creamed corns.
Or Really Chew the niblets Well!
Whole Grains Particularly in breads are troublesome.
Its not that it contains the whole grain, its that the whole gain is left intact.
If the manufacturers would finely grind the grains, they would digest more easy.
But a lot are left as the whole grain, totally intact in there hard shells. And
most people don't really chew breads well enough to totally break the grains up
into the tiny pieces that are required for our stomach to break down these foods.
People that buy Whole grain Breads may not actually absorb anymore than if they
bought regular white bread.
Other Foods Like the Skins on tomatoes and Red Peppers, Rarely get digested.
But the actual nutrion in these is minimal anyway.
Food Testing: Is done by totally pulverizing the particular product and mixing it
with water. This allows for a small sample to be taken that contains all the various
particals of food. Sort of digested like your chewing should do.
And now its easy to be tested for all the nutrient contents.
This is something to think about. Eating for pleasure only is fun but not really
productive. And at the price of food today, its best to get what you paid for. | eng | 0769a0d0-35a1-45fa-8f24-36e1c6a73285 | http://chemelec.com/Nutrition/Nutrition.htm |
Bates, Joseph (1792–1872 28, 2023
Joseph Bates, (colorized) 1860s.
Photo courtesy of Ellen G. White Estate, Inc.
More Photos
Joseph Bates, (colorized) 1860s.
Photo courtesy of Ellen G. White Estate, Inc.
Joseph Bates at 26 years old. Portrait by S. T. Anderson.
Photo courtesy of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists Archives.
Joseph Bates with Bible.
Photo courtesy of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists Archives.
Prudence Bates, wife of Joseph Bates.
Photo courtesy of Ellen G. White Estate, Inc.
Joseph Bates, 1860s.
Photo courtesy of Center for Adventist Research.
Joseph Bates' home in Monterey, Michigan, 1933.
Photo courtesy of Center for Adventist Research.
Grave of Joseph Bates.
Photo courtesy of Center for Adventist Research.
Joseph Bates' home in Fair Haven, Massachusetts, where his family anxiously awaited his safe return home from the sea.
Related Content
Joseph Bates was a mariner, social reformer, pamphleteer, and evangelist who co-founded the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
The birth of the American Republic, marked by ratification of the Constitution and Bill of Rights in 1789, took place just three years before Joseph Bates was born July 8, 1792, in Rochester, Massachusetts. The Republic's first president, George Washington, was in the final year of his first term. When Bates died in 1872, Ulysses S. Grant, the nation's 18th president, was in the final year of his first term. A rebellion to preserve the slave system had just been defeated in a horrific Civil War, and a new struggle to re-constitute the nation as an interracial democracy was underway, and has continued ever since.1
Bates not only lived through but passionately engaged the great events and movements that shaped the nation from founding to Civil War. As a young sailor, he entered the vortex of international conflict during the Napoleonic era, when tensions with Great Britain led to the War of 1812. Later, rising to captain and co-owner of his own vessel, Bates made a modest fortune in trade that built economic ties between the United States and the newly independent South American republics. As a public-minded New Englander in the late 1820s and 1830s, he threw himself into an array of social reform causes, particularly the radical abolitionist movement that stirred the national confrontation over slavery that led to the Civil War. Driven by an intense evangelical piety common in an era of revivals, often called, collectively, the Second Great Awakening, he came to see one of those revivals, the Second Advent or Millerite movement as the "fountainhead" of reform. It promised what neither the Republic nor the other reform movements had yet delivered—a complete overthrow of oppression, injustice, and evil of all kinds—through the imminent messianic reign of Jesus. That remained his guiding conviction through a period of disappointment and division during which he, with James and Ellen White, founded the movement that gave rise to the Seventh-day Adventist church, one of the most impactful and enduring of the religious movements that originated in nineteenth-century America.2
Mariner (1792-1827)
Joseph was the fourth of seven children born to Joseph Bates, Sr. (1750-1828) and Deborah Nye Bates (1865-1828).3 Though the younger Joseph is sometimes identified as "Joseph Bates, Jr." in public records of his early life, he rarely included the designation "Jr." in his published writings. In 1793 the family moved from the village of Rochester, Massachusetts, to the port town of New Bedford, located seven miles away. Well on its way to becoming "the whaling metropolis of the world," New Bedford's population grew from 3,000 to 22,000 during the 65 years Bates lived in the vicinity, before moving to Michigan in 1858. The town is located on the banks of the Acushnet River that widens as it flows southward into Buzzards Bay. The Bates family lived on the east side of the river, incorporated as Fairhaven in 1812.4
Joseph Bates, Sr. enjoyed at least moderate prosperity and social prominence. He was an army captain during the American Revolutionary war who fought under the command of the Marquis de Lafayette. After independence he went into "commercial business" and became a deacon of the Congregationalist Church—the established state church in Massachusetts until 1833. He was one of 16 citizens who founded New Bedford Academy (later Fairhaven Academy) in 1797. Though it was a college preparatory school, the academy also offered the primary grades, and it is undoubtedly where young Joseph received his education.5
Given his surroundings it is unsurprising that thoughts of becoming a sailor and going on "a voyage of discovery round the world" enamored Joseph. After failing to dissuade him, his father arranged for 15-year-old Joseph to be a cabin boy on a voyage to Europe in 1807.6
Bates' Autobiography, the main source of information about the first 55 years of his life, was serialized in 51 installments that ran from 1858 to 1863 in the Youth's Instructor, a Seventh-day Adventist monthly. He had a flair for telling stories, reconstructing scenes and dialogue with remarkable detail. During his first two voyages the youthful Bates narrowly escaped peril from a shark, icebergs, shipwreck, and capture by Danish privateers.7
While in Liverpool, England, in 1810, hoping to secure passage home after the ill-fated second voyage, Bates and several companions were seized by a "pressgang" and forced into service in the British Royal Navy. The British refusal to recognize the rights of American citizens caught up in impressment of alleged deserters was a cause of growing tension between the two nations. When the news that war had been declared between the United States and Great Britain in 1812 reached them, Bates along with six other Americans on the British warship Swiftshore [sic] declared their refusal to fight against their own nation and formally requested to be treated as prisoners of war.
Eventually, Bates was among 700 Americans held in Dartmoor Prison, a massive and dreary maximum-security fortress near Plymouth, England. After the Treaty of Ghent ended the war, Bates finally arrived back in Fairhaven five months later on April 27, 1815, following five years of incarceration and more than six years away from home.8
From Common Sailor to Ship's Captain
At age 23, Bates was a survivor—still intact after eight years of high adventure interspersed with hardship and deprivation, but with little else to show for it. Yet rather than quit the sea, he determined to make a financial success as a mariner. During what biographer Godfrey T. Anderson calls the "acquisitive years" (1815-1827), Bates rose in rank to second mate, then chief mate, and then to ship's captain in 1821.9
At age 25 Joseph married 24-year-old Prudence M. Nye (1793-1870), daughter of Captain Obed Nye, Jr. (1750-1796) and Mary Marshall Nye (1767-1852), in Fairhaven on February 15, 1818.10 Despite his extended absences at sea and later as an itinerant evangelist, "Prudy," as he called her, would remain his "beloved companion" for 52 years.11 Their first son, Anson Augustus (1819-1821), lived only 20 months. Their eldest daughter, Helen (1823-1902), was 16 months old when Bates saw her for the first time after a lengthy marine expedition. After another daughter, Eliza Parker (1824-1914), Joseph and Prudy had a son, Joseph (1830-1865). Their youngest child was Mary Nye (1832-1915).12
Bates made two more voyages to Europe following his marriage, but for the most part his destinations shifted to the Western Hemisphere—the West Indies and South America, in particular Brazil, Argentina, and Peru. These voyages had their share of danger and excitement,13 but moral and religious concerns become more prevalent in this section of his Autobiography. As a young mariner, Bates had witnessed firsthand the "debasement" caused by liquor. He gave up "spirituous liquors" in 1821, followed by wine in 1822, then "ale, porter, beer, cider" and "any liquor that would intoxicate" in 1824, and the "filthy weed, tobacco" along the way. "From the ruinous habits of a common sailor, by the help of the Lord, I walked out into the ranks of sober, industrious, discerning men," he later wrote. He continued on that path to becoming "joint owner, in the vessel and cargo which I commanded, with unrestricted commission to go where I thought best."14
Christian Experience
Bates was raised in a devout home and, as he moved into adulthood, dedicated himself to personal rectitude. In addition to his temperance disciplines, he renounced swearing and committed to reading his Bible on Sundays. But he had no experience of inner transformation, and no sense of "peace and pardon."15 With the death of one of his sailors aboard ship in 1824, Bates underwent a spiritual crisis when it fell on him to preside over the Christian burial service. He found resolution by surrendering his will and consecrating his all in a "covenant with God," signed and dated October 4, 1824.16 Still, though, he lacked assurance that God had forgiven him until, at a revival meeting in New Bedford in 1827, realization of "the simple manner in which God graciously condescends to pardon the guilty sinner" broke through and he experienced the longed-for peace about his acceptance with God.17
Bates could now testify to a standard evangelical conversion, but his Christianity would be far from conformist. Rather than join the Congregationalist Church of his father, Bates opted to join the Christian Church in Fairhaven, through baptism by immersion in the spring of 1827. The congregation was part of the Christian Connection—one among a variety of restorationist groups or movements in nineteenth-century America. Believing that the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century and the denominations it spawned had stopped short of the biblical ideal, the Christian Connection sought fully to restore the "primitive" or New Testament church.18 Accordingly, as Bates put it, "They took the Scriptures for their only rule of faith and practice, renouncing all creeds." Thus, he agreed with their rejection of both the doctrine of the Trinity as defined in historic church creeds and the practice of infant baptism as he felt both lacked clear support in the New Testament.19
Radical Reformer (1827-1839)
Though he still had one more voyage ahead, Bates' career as a social reformer also began in 1827 with the organization of the Fairhaven Temperance Society. Temperance was at the forefront of an era of "universal reform" in which idealistic Americans organized to end slavery, drunkenness, poverty, war, oppression of women, and all manner of systemic evils. The "'liberationist' impulse to free individuals from corrupt customs and coercive institutions," noted by historian Steven Mintz as one influence driving the wave of reform, helps bring Bates' agenda into focus.20
Wanting others to gain the freedom from "corrupt custom" that he had found, Bates, on the day of his baptism in 1827, asked the minister who baptized him for help in organizing a temperance society. Ironically, the Christian Connection minister declined but the pastor of the Congregationalist church that Bates had spurned agreed to cooperate with him in organizing the Fairhaven Temperance Society (FTS) along with a dozen charter members, most of them sea captains.21
The first national temperance organization, the American Temperance Society (ATS), had formed in February 1826, calling for a commitment that went beyond conventional counsels of moderate use—a pledge of total abstinence from hard liquor.22 The FTS, however, took things a step further, requiring abstinence not only from "ardent spirits" (hard liquor) but from "all intoxicating drinks," as Bates had done personally in 1824. This became known as the "teetotal" pledge, something the ATS did not adopt until 1836.23 Here is early evidence of Bates as a man at the radical, cutting edge of reform causes. He was not inclined to compromise, moderation, or gradualism. Instead, he gravitated toward "ultraism"—the pure, absolute ideal.
In preparation for a voyage to South America on the Empress in August 1827, Captain Bates set forth a set of rules that imposed a strict teetotal regime on the crew. Other rules included no swearing and no washing of clothes or shore leaves on Sunday, as had been typically allowed. Though a few instances of drinking on shore drew his reprimand, Bates judged his radical experiment in reforming the behavior of sailors an overall success. More than that, it apparently inspired others to do likewise. The Sailors' Magazine and Naval Journal reported that 40 ships sailed from New Bedford in 1830 without distilled liquor (except for medicinal use) and another 75 did so in 1831, suggesting that Bates' "temperance ship" innovation had significant influence in extending the temperance movement to sailors.24
After arriving back in New Bedford in June 1828, Bates retired from the sea, 21 years after his first voyage to Europe. At age 36, Joseph had achieved the financial goal he had set for himself, amassing a "competency" of $12,000, equivalent to 20 years of annual salary. He occupied himself with managing the small farm he inherited from his parents, engaging in real estate transactions, and supervising maintenance of the New Bedford toll bridge, a drawbridge in which he had a share of ownership.25 These activities left him with sufficient time to pursue his intensifying passion for Christian revival and its outworking in social reform.26
Bates took satisfaction from a report in 1831 that the number of temperance societies organized in the United States had grown to 3,000 with 300,000 members, a progression that he traced to "our small beginning in Fairhaven" in 1827.27 With some associates he organized the Fairhaven Seaman's Friend Society to help meet the needs of sailors. He became interested in foreign missions and participated in the work of the American Tract Society, circulating many of its tracts on "religious subjects and temperance reform." He was also favorable impressed by the American Colonization Society (ACS) and its program for ending American slavery: gradual emancipation of the enslaved and their deportation to colonies formed in Africa.28
A Stand with the Oppressed
Things changed for Bates, and for the nation, after William Lloyd Garrison of Boston in 1831 launched the Liberator, "a militant abolitionist newspaper that was the country's first publication to demand an immediate end to slavery."29 Like earlier Black abolitionists, Garrison contended that the gradualism of the colonization scheme was a cover for perpetuating slavery and its program for removal to Africa a danger to the nation's free Black citizens. Organizations such as the American Anti-Slavery Society (1833) formed to spread the demand for repentance from the sin of slavery and immediate action toward dismantling the system.
As he followed the unfolding events, Bates became disgusted with the ACS and with the American Tract Society for its spinelessness in refusing to throw its considerable influence, as a major interdenominational Protestant agency, against the slave system. His Autobiography recounts the violent backlash that defenders of the status quo unleashed on the abolitionists in the early 1830s. Bates wrote that "antislavery advocates were maltreated and mobbed in many places where they attempted to organize or hold meetings" and that supporters of colonization "were foremost in this shameful work." A mob dragged Garrison through the streets of Boston with a rope and nearly lynched him in 1835.30
Regarding Garrison, the "notorious abolitionist," Bates sought the perspective of Boston minister and reformer, Joshua V. Himes, with whom he had become associated in the Christian Connection. In response, Himes stated his belief that Garrison's confrontational rhetoric was largely justified in order to expose the evil of the slave system. "Let us resolve, my brother, to support Mr. G.," Himes urged, even though he was being labeled "an incendiary and a mad man."31 All of this left Bates with a decision:
I then began to feel the importance of taking a decided stand on the side of the oppressed. My labor in the cause of temperance had caused a pretty thorough sifting of my friends, and I felt that I had no more that I wished to part with; but duty was clear that I could not be a consistent Christian if I stood on the side of the oppressor, for God was not there. Neither could I claim his promises if I stood on neutral ground. Hence, my only alternative was to plead for the slave, and thus I decided.32
Once again going for radical rather than moderate reform, Bates was one of the approximately 40 individuals who, on April 23, 1835, formed the Fairhaven Anti-Slavery Society (FASS) as an auxiliary of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society (MASS), pledged both to the "total and immediate abolition" of slavery and to equal rights for "people of color."33
In his Autobiography, Bates wrote that "opposition was more clearly manifest in the North" than in the South. He experienced this opposition directly when the FASS, meeting in August 1835, "drew down the wrath of a certain class of our neighbors."34 Announcements from "the several pulpits in town" mobilized the opposition, leading to denouncement of the FASS for agitation that threatened "to disturb the tranquility of our village."35 Despite threats that their meetings would be "broken up," wrote Bates, the FASS was able to continue its activities.36
Bates also supported other radical commitments, including women's rights and nonresistance.37 In 1837, the Bristol County Anti-Slavery Society, of which Bates was not only a member but an elected officer, defended the right of women, then under attack from Northern white men, to express a political voice through petitions to Congress.38
Second Advent Advocate (1839-1844)
In the fall of 1839, Bates agreed to attend a lecture in New Bedford on the second coming of Christ by a Christian Connection minister, whom he identified only as Elder R. At first deeply skeptical that anything about the timing of Christ's return could be shown from the Bible, Bates left the meeting with an emerging conviction that he had been wrong. Reading a compilation of lectures by Baptist revivalist William Miller convinced Bates that time periods in the prophecies of Daniel indeed constituted, as stated by the book's title, Evidence From Scripture and History of the Second Coming of Christ, About the Year 1843.39 Bates was all-in for the most "ultra" reform imaginable—the complete eradication of injustice, oppression, and evil, replaced by a new world of peace, righteousness, and joy under the direct, personal reign of Christ Himself.
Bates' commitment to the Second Advent message coincided with the momentous shift wrought by the involvement of his long-time friend and trusted collaborator in radical reform, Joshua V. Himes. With his work as organizer, promoter, and publisher, Himes turned the regional stirrings produced by Miller's preaching into a national mass movement.40
Bates devoted his resources and stature as a widely known, respected reformer and Christian Connection lay leader to the Second Advent cause. He also took leadership roles in the series of conferences crucial in bringing cohesiveness to the movement. Though Bates was not in the top tier of influential Millerites, he was a "very able speaker and writer, who was very useful in the cause of Christ" according to Isaac C. Wellcome in his History of the Second Advent Movement.41 Bates would be the only figure with any degree of prominence in Millerism who would go on to leadership in the Seventh-day Adventist movement.
With William Miller, Joshua Himes, Josiah Litch, and others, Joseph Bates was one of 16 signatories to a call published in Signs of the Times summoning those "looking for the advent near" to a general conference in Boston to begin October 14, 1840.42 He and his wife Prudy attended the conference together. Bates was kept busy as a member of the committee on arrangements and the business committee.43 Bates noted that the conference concluded with a communion service in which "the Lord's supper was administered to about two hundred communicants of different denominations," emblematic of a unity that transcended the differences in belief and practice that had long divided Protestants. With the singing of the closing hymn, the "Spirit of the Lord . . . seemed to vibrate and move the whole congregation."44
William Miller's inability to attend the conference had been a disappointment, but Bates arranged another opportunity to hear him in person five months later, scheduling him for a brief series of lectures at the Washington Street Church in Fairhaven, March 15-18, 1841. The meetings attracted crowds too large for the meeting house to accommodate, and Bates found Miller's preaching to be "deeply interesting, and very far in advance of his written lectures."45
At the second general conference held in Lowell, Massachusetts, June 13-17, 1841, Bates served as an assistant chairman.46 A highlight of this conference was Josiah Litch's message about recently received news from Europe that corroborated the prediction he made in 1838, based on Revelation 9, that the Ottoman Empire would fall on August 11, 1840. For Bates, and the movement generally, this seemed a powerful validation that the prophetic time periods in Daniel and Revelation revealed historical developments in advance.47
Adventist and Activist
Bates' high level of involvement in the Second Advent movement did not cause a decrease in his activism for social reform. In fact, Bates' antislavery work increased for a time, as demonstrated by historian Kevin Burton. Around the time that Bates became a Millerite in the fall of 1839, he was elected president of the Fairhaven Anti-Slavery Society. He quickly initiated petition drives as a means by which the citizens of Fairhaven could make their antislavery views known to the Massachusetts state legislature and the United States Congress. In this respect, at least, he surpassed previous FASS presidents, who had not engaged in this form of activism.48
During 1840, Bates petitioned for eradication of the "gag laws" that forbade discussion of slavery in Congress. His radicality became especially evident in proposals that went much further toward racial equality than even many abolitionists were prepared to go. One petition, for example, called for elimination of New England racial segregation laws, and another for the repeal of a Massachusetts law prohibiting interracial marriage.49
As controversy over slavery began to hit American churches with full force in the 1840s, Bates led his Washington Street Christian Church in putting on record "a decided testimony against this system of iniquity." In resolutions published in the Liberator during the summer of 1841, his church declared that it could not "receive to our fellowship, as a christian or christian minister, a slaveholder, or an apologist for slavery."50
The priority he gave the Second Advent cause did, in time, divide Bates both from his fellow congregants and his associates in social reform. A general conference held in Boston in May 1842, with Bates in the chair this time, reflected and sharpened the emerging lines of distinction. Although some of the movement's leaders disagreed, the conference endorsed more definite proclamation of 1843 as the year when Christ would return (heretofore Miller had generally said "about the year 1843"). To spread the message more effectively, the conference also voted to fund publication of a portable chart developed by Charles Fitch and Apollos Hale that could be used in any setting as a visual aid to help explain the time periods in scriptural prophecy, and recommended that camp meetings be held to draw a broader audience.51
At Bates' own Washington Street Christian Church, where Miller's preaching had been well received in 1841, resistance now arose from a portion of the congregation to Bates' preoccupation with the second coming of Christ and insistence on the time. After the election of a pastor unfavorable to their cause, members who shared Bates' Millerite convictions began to withdraw from the church, though he was reluctant to do so. As a principal founder, donor, and lay leader, he had dedicated himself and his resources unreservedly to "build up and sustain a free church, who took the Bible as their only rule of faith and practice." But after agonizing for a few weeks, he too, cut his ties to the church, a move that ended up in substantial financial loss of funds loaned to build the meeting house in 1831.52
In his Autobiography, between descriptions of the break with his local church and the May 1842 general conference, Bates tells of inquiries from his "good friends engaged in the temperance and abolition cause" as to why he was not attending their meetings as he had before. His questioning friends also told him they thought that his belief about Christ's return should make him "more ardent" for reform rather than lessening his involvement.
Myhead, and make us every way right as we should be for the coming of the Lord.53
The difference, then, between Bates and fellow social reformers who were not convinced by Miller's message was not over the goals or value of the movements for righteous social change, nor the Christian mandate for involvement in them. It was over the method or mode of action most efficacious at that given moment—the all-encompassing, transformative power of preparation for the imminent return of Christ ("the fountainhead") or piece-meal work on individual causes.
Like thousands of other Millerites, Bates became caught up in the spiritual momentum of the large camp meetings that began in the second half of 1842, such as that held at Taunton, Massachusetts, in September. The preaching, led by Josiah Litch, "was so clear, and accompanied with so much power of the Holy Spirit, that it seemed like a sin to doubt," Bates wrote. At a Sunday meeting, its attendance estimated at 10,000, "animated singing of the new Second-advent hymns, accompanied by the Spirit of the living God, sent such thrills through the camp, that many were shouting aloud for joy." At Salem, Massachusetts, the following month, the Millerite "big tent," its capacity estimated as high as 7,000, could not accommodate the crowds. To serve the overflow, the Fitch-Hale "'43-chart" was fastened to trees around the encampment, with ministers designated to explain the prophecies to the groups that gathered around.54
Expectation now centered on March 21, 1844, the date that, Miller contended, marked the close of 1843 on the Jewish calendar. Bates, having already devoted his entire savings to the Second Advent cause, now did the same with his remaining assets in early 1844. He sold his home for $4,500 along with other real estate holdings, paid all his debts, and gave the rest to support efforts, including his own, to spread the message in the time that remained.55
Freedom Mission to Maryland
Having given up all his wealth, Bates put his life on the line by selecting, for his preaching mission, what in all likelihood was the most dangerous option available to him. The Millerite movement had remained a largely northern phenomenon, its Yankee origins and close identification with abolitionism making work in the South perilous. In early 1844, though, with only about two months remaining until the anticipated end, Millerite leaders ventured below (albeit not far below) the Mason-Dixon line to give the final warning. Miller, along with Himes and Litch, held meetings in Washington, D.C., February 20-March 2, and Baltimore, March 3-8.56
Meanwhile, Bates ventured to the Eastern Shore of Maryland in mid-February, accompanied by Heman S. Gurney, a blacksmith and skillful singer.57 At their first stop, Kent Island, they faced resistance driven by concern about "the danger of preaching the doctrine of Christ's second coming among the slaves." When threatened with a ride out of town on a rail, Bates won the crowd over by responding, "If you will put a saddle on it, we would rather ride than walk." A serious resolve backed the witty remark. Bates continued:
You must not think that we have come six hundred miles through the ice and snow, at our own expense, to give you the Midnight Cry, without first sitting down and counting the cost. And now, if the Lord has no more for us to do, we had as lief lie at the bottom of the Chesapeake Bay as anywhere else until the Lord comes. But if he has any more work for us to do, you can't touch us!58
Bates' retort was reported to the Baltimore Patriot, and published with the editorial comment, "The crush of matter and the wreck of worlds would be nothing to such men."59
At Centerville, where they held meetings for three days, Judge Hopper, a leading citizen who enslaved a large number of persons, said to Bates, "[Y]ou are an abolitionist and have come here to get away our slaves." Bates replied: "Yes, judge, I am an abolitionist, and have come to get your slaves, and you too! As to getting your slaves from you, we have no such intention; . . . We teach that Christ is coming, and we want you all saved."60 This was not a general statement of Adventist indifference to societal conditions in view of the second coming. Rather, Bates was engaged in an all-out final endeavor to help the enslaved and the enslavers be ready to meet their Maker within about one month's time.
In a pattern running through Bates' anecdotes about his Maryland mission, the initial skepticism and hostility of community leaders and white audiences is replaced either by acceptance, near acceptance, or at least respectful interest. The Black listeners, by contrast, were receptive to Bates' message from the start. In the Bates-Gurney duo's next-to-last stop, Black slaves filled the gallery of an academy at a place called The Three Corners. Bates observed, "They listened with marked attention. Anything that would work deliverance from perpetual bondage was good news to them."61
The Midnight Cry
It was in narrating his mission to Maryland that Bates first presented himself as a preacher or evangelistic lecturer. He continued in that role after the Millerite movement experienced its first "disappointment." The passing of March 21, 1844, without Christ returning, caused "deep trial and anguish," Bates wrote. However, Second Advent believers soon concluded that they were in "the tarrying time" spoken of in Habakkuk 2:2-3, and thus needed to persist in faith until receiving further, clarifying light.62
"New light" broke into a camp meeting held in Exeter, New Hampshire, in August 1844, where Bates, while lecturing on familiar points, was interrupted from the audience by Mrs. John Couch, who believed the encampment needed to hear a fresh word from her brother-in-law, Samuel S. Snow of Connecticut. Snow indeed electrified the encampment by declaring that Christ would return in two months on October 22, 1844.63 William Miller had drawn on the prophecy, "Unto two thousand and three hundred days; then shall the sanctuary be cleansed" (Daniel 8:14, KJV), to identify the year in which Christ would return and cleanse the earth of evil. Snow now asserted that the day of that occurrence would have to be the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur)—the "tenth day of the seventh month"—the day in the Hebrew worship calendar on which the sanctuary was cleansed with a solemn ritual (Leviticus 16).64
Snow's "seventh-month" message was also called "the midnight cry," drawn from Christ's parable about "ten virgins" in a wedding party awaiting the delayed arrival of the bridegroom. At midnight the announcement is made "Behold the bridegroom cometh," and those who are prepared enter the wedding feast with him (Matthew 25:1-13). After the Exeter camp meeting, the seventh-month message swept the land "with the velocity of a tornado," according to the Advent Herald.65 The top Millerite leaders were initially skeptical, resistant to endorsing a specific day. But by early October 1844, both Miller and Himes accepted the seventh-month message and intense anticipation focused on October 22 as the day when Christ would appear in glory.
Bates was unreserved in his conviction about the seventh-month message and exhilarated by the outpouring of spiritual blessing that attended the movement that proclaimed it. Yet, along with the joyful anticipation of October 22, he and Prudy must have been deeply pained on October 21 when their only surviving son, Joseph, Jr., went to sea as a crew member on a whaler, the Marcus. Joseph was 14 years old, a year younger than his father had been when he did the same thing in 1807. It was a demonstration of disbelief, possibly calculated defiance, of all that his father stood for.66
"Hope sank and courage died," wrote Bates in describing the shattering emotional blow that he and like-minded believers suffered when their expectations for Christ's return on October 22, 1844, proved untrue.67 Previously a respected, moderately wealthy citizen and community leader, Bates found himself impoverished and discredited, ridiculed by boys in the street, and unable to understand how his beliefs had gone wrong.68
Prophetic Pamphleteer (1845-1849)
Hope began to rise once again for Joseph Bates in 1845, with new conviction that resurrected his courage. As devastating as it was, the October 1844 disappointment did not destroy his faith nor that of thousands of others in the Second Advent movement. It did, however, divide them. As they struggled to understand what had gone wrong and find a way forward, they reached differing conclusions, split into factions, and soon turned against each other.
As Bates put it, the main line of division that emerged in 1845 was between "the large majority" that "believed that the days had not ended" and a minority who "believed that the days had ended, and that duty would be made plain."69 In other words, most who continued in Second Advent faith believed that the passing of October 22, 1844, meant that scriptural prophecy had not been fulfilled on that date—it had simply been a mistake to specify it. On the other hand, the dissenters, Joseph Bates among them, insisted that the prophecy had been interpreted correctly and the blessing of God in the movement had been unmistakable. The 2,300-day period had ended on that date, but the prophesied "cleansing of the sanctuary" pointed to some occurrence other than the return of Christ to earth. Though his understanding of how would develop over time, conviction that biblical prophecy was fulfilled on October 22, 1844, would remain absolute for the remainder of Bates' life.
The smaller sector was further divided into several camps, most of them ephemeral, except for the group that, during the years 1846 to 1849, would cohere around Bates and two much younger leaders, James White (1821-1881) and Ellen Harmon White (1827-1915). Among these, Bates was the first to propose new convictions concerning the "cleansing of the sanctuary" and the seventh-day Sabbath that unified this group and gave it a distinct identity amidst the various factions of Second Adventism. He also originated a rudimentary theology of history that invested these and related beliefs with an urgency of purpose, making for a dynamic movement that would eventually be organized as the Seventh-day Adventist Church (1860-1863).
As a theological innovator, Bates did not lay down authoritative dogma but instead initiated lines of ongoing pursuit of truth. As he put it in 1868, the "light" on prophecy and the Sabbath in the 1840s "was not one-tenth part as clear as it is at the present time."70 Through an intensive period of study, consultation, and conflict in the late 1840s, unity emerged around convictions that, if true, demanded widespread proclamation, yet contained an in-built resistance to rigidification as "fixed creed."
The Shut Door and the Celestial City
Tracing Bates' journey toward clearer light can be taxing and at times perplexing, but short cuts exact a toll in understanding. Bates accepted the adjusted interpretation of the wedding parable of Matthew 25 that Apollos Hale and Joseph Turner used in January 1845 to show that something of cosmic significance had occurred on October 22, 1844. The bridegroom had indeed come on that date in fulfillment of prophecy, but not to this earth. Instead, following the story line of the parable, he entered a heavenly marriage ceremony to receive his bride (the true church). This event was one and the same as the judgment scene described in Daniel 7 in which the "son of man" received the eternal kingdom from "the Ancient of Days." Christ's return to establish His kingdom on this earth could thus still be expected in very short order. Meanwhile the "shut door" that, in the parable, excluded the unprepared "foolish virgins" from entry into the wedding feast meant that opportunity for entering the eternal kingdom was over for those who had rejected the final warning message given in 1844.71
"Shut-Door" became the dominant label for the post-1844 sector of Adventism that Bates identified with, and he would spend the remainder of the 1840s pursuing and explicating the contested implications of this interpretation for the faithful minority. Taking this course set him at odds with his long-time friend Joshua V. Himes, with whom he had frequently collaborated. Himes was convinced that the Adventists should continue to proclaim the message of Christ's soon return albeit without specifying dates. He also wanted to distance the movement from a variety of extremes exhibited by Shut-Door believers. Some of these believed that they had already entered the heavenly kingdom in a spiritualized sense and sought to demonstrate this by, for example, cessation of work, disposal of property, and crawling as children. More generally, Shut-Door teaching was associated with ecstatic worship, visions, foot-washing, and the holy kiss. The latter two practices became particularly notorious when men and women engaged in them with each other in mixed groups.72
Under Himes' leadership, a conference held at Albany, New York, in April 1845, repudiated the Shut-Door teaching and its alleged extremes. The conference gave the majority of Second Adventists, including William Miller and his most influential associates, an identity and a loose network for cooperation in renewed proclamation of an "open door" to salvation through a soon-returning Savior. The Albany Adventists excluded and essentially disowned Shut-Door dissenters such as Bates, who had once enjoyed the respect and fellowship of Millerite leaders and held a measure of prominence in the movement. In response to the denunciations, Bates reaffirmed his conviction in a letter to the Jubilee Standard, published May 29, 1845: "I cannot help believing still that our position is right respecting the cry at midnight, and that we have been to the marriage and the door is shut—not half or three-quarters of the way—but effectually."73
Within a year, Bates would also find it necessary to differentiate his views from those in the Shut-Door camp who espoused a thoroughly spiritualized conception of the second advent of Christ. Enoch Jacobs, the Cincinnati-based editor of the Day-Star, had done just that in the spring of 1846, and joined a Shaker community. Because the Day-Star had become virtually the only periodical open to their views, this development left Shut-Door Adventists who believed the second coming would be literal without a publishing outlet.74 Bates raised their standard in May 1846 with publication of The Opening Heavens, a 39-page pamphlet to "correct" those who asserted that Christ had "come in spirit" in 1844 and had given up belief that He would ever return visibly.75 He had no reserves with which to pay a printer, but a fellow believer met the need by selling a rug she had just finished making.76
Bates buttressed his scriptural case for the "third heaven" as the locale of a tangible heavenly city, the New Jerusalem, by describing astronomical marvels. He gave a particularly detailed description of the constellation Orion that he observed through his own telescope. The New Jerusalem, "the capital of our coming Lord's everlasting kingdom," Bates, concluded, "is now about to descend from the 'third heaven,' by way of the open door, down by the 'flaming sword' of Orion."77 Christ's eternal reign would thus be established in a literal, physical manner "upon this renovated earth."78
Bates touched briefly on two other highly consequential points in Opening Heavens. First, he endorsed O. R. L. Crosier's lengthy exposition, published February 7, 1846, in the Day-Star Extra, to show that the 2,300-day prophecy pointed to the work of Christ in cleansing the sanctuary in heaven, not his return to earth, beginning October 22, 1844. Prior to that date, the mediation of Christ in heaven, represented by the daily ministry of priests in the Holy Place of the Hebrew sanctuary, had provided forgiveness to sinners. The Day of Atonement, in which the high priest alone entered the innermost, or Most Holy Place of the sanctuary, pointed to a final phase of Christ's ministry as high priest in heaven, begun October 22, 1844, to accomplish a final blotting out of sin.79 Bates did not at this point delve deeply into Crosier's proposal but mentioned, without elaboration, that before their entry into the holy city, both "the saints" and the sanctuary itself would "be cleansed, not by fire, but by blood."80
Second, Bates devoted a page to decrying the near universal regard in the Christian world for "the first day of the week" as the Sabbath, rather than the seventh day specified in the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:8-11). The switch, he charged, had been instituted by the medieval papacy, but now a return to God's commandment was required because only "they that do [God's] commandments" would be permitted to "enter in through the gates into the city" (the New Jerusalem), according to Revelation 22:14, King James Version.81
A Perpetual Sign
The Sabbath theme would swiftly become Bates' central preoccupation. Here was something, beyond holding on in faith, that Shut-Door believers must do to show that they were indeed part of the final, faithful remnant.
The Sabbath was a live issue in America's Protestant-dominated culture of the 1840s. Its observance on Sunday was widely regarded as a bulwark of a godly, moral society, marking the United States as a Christian nation. Promotion of legal backing for Sunday observance featured prominently on the agenda of evangelical social reformers such as Lyman Beecher and the Tappan brothers (Arthur and Lewis), with widespread support found in all the Protestant denominations.82 On the other hand, radical reformer William Lloyd Garrison antagonized such activists by conducting an Anti-Sabbath Convention in March 1848, seeking to "strike a blow for freedom of conscience" against the "spiritual tyranny" manifested by clergy-backed laws regulating behavior on Sundays.83
Another radical reformer, Gerrit Smith, dissented from the Protestant majority by observing the seventh-day Sabbath. He was influenced by Seventh Day Baptists, evidence that their re-energized advocacy for the Sabbath in the 1840s was gaining a hearing in antebellum reform circles.84 Some articles on the topic appeared in Millerite periodicals, although generally limited by the desire of editors to avoid an issue that could undermine unity on "the advent near."
Rigorous observance of the Sabbath (on Sundays) had been one of the reforms Bates instituted to govern life on his "temperance ship" in 1827.85 Seventeen years later, in March 1845, a tract written by Thomas M. Preble, a Millerite who was pastor of a Freewill Baptist church in Nashua, New Hampshire, convinced Bates that he had been observing the Sabbath on the wrong day. Preble had come out in favor of the seventh day through the influence of a fellow Millerite minister, Frederick Wheeler, located some 35 miles to the north in Washington, New Hampshire. Wheeler and members of his congregation, in turn, had been persuaded in 1844 under the witness of a Seventh Day Baptist, Rachel Oaks.86
Bates' conviction deepened as a result of a brief trip to New Hampshire in April or May 1845, for consultation with Wheeler and other members of the first Second Advent congregation to also observe the seventh-day Sabbath. His radical zeal now fully engaged, Bates, as he walked across the bridge that linked New Bedford and Fairhaven on his return, was greeted by his friend James Madison Monroe Hall who asked, "What's the news Captain Bates?" Bates replied that "the news is that the seventh day is the Sabbath and we ought to keep it." Within two weeks, Hall and his wife would become Bates' first two converts on the Sabbath issue, and they were soon joined by his evangelistic partner, H. S. Gurney. A community of Advent believers who were "keeping [God's] commandments" as they waited in expectation for their coming king, formed in New Bedford/Fairhaven that summer.87
As "an uncompromising advocate for present truth,"88 Bates felt compelled by duty to get the Sabbath news out in the form of a 48-page booklet published in August 1846, well-summarized by its full title: The Seventh Day Sabbath, A Perpetual Sign, From the Beginning to the Entering Into the Gates of the Holy City, According to the Commandment. In it, Bates interpreted the Sabbath in a new dimension, that of an apocalyptic theology of history.
In its broad sweep, his understanding of history drew from the Seventh Day Baptist witness, combined with the restorationism of the Christian Connection. The seventh-day Sabbath, originated at creation and enjoined by the fourth commandment of the Decalogue continued to be observed in the apostolic era. Controversies over "whether both days [the seventh and the first] should be kept or only one" originated in the second century. Then, beginning in the fourth century "the Imperial and Papal power of Rome" brought legal coercion to bear in favor of observing the first day. Not only had Protestants largely failed to rectify this medieval subversion of God's law, but Bates, following Preble, charged "one of the rigid puritans" with being the first to apply the word "Sabbath" to Sunday, thus putting a final touch on the great deception.89
The seventh-day Sabbath—the perpetual sign of God's covenant with His people throughout the history of redemption—thus needed to be restored before the second advent of Christ. Bates' innovation was in seeing that restoration as the urgent, time-specific vocation of "the little flock" that continued to believe that prophecy had been fulfilled in October 1844. More than simply one among many biblical doctrines or injunctions, its observance was of decisive significance for those looking to enter "the holy city" about to descend from heaven.90
The Opened Temple and Three Angels' Messages
In a second, revised edition, expanded to 64-pages and published in January 1847, just five months after the first, Bates elaborated on how two passages in Revelation disclosed the centrality of the Sabbath to "the closing up of the last message which God ever gave to man."91 Bates understood these passages as predictive prophecy, that is, coded forecasts covering specific time frames, both of which were being fulfilled, or coming true, in a specific, univocal way in the Second Advent movement, in the years from 1840 onward.
The first, Revelation 11:14-19, came with the sounding of the seventh trumpet (simultaneously the time of the "third woe"): "And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament . . . " (v. 19, KJV). The tables of stone on which God wrote the Ten Commandments had been placed in the ark located in the Most Holy Place of the Hebrew sanctuary (Numbers 17:10, Hebrews 9:4). Thus, Bates concluded, the ark containing the Ten Commandments in the heavenly temple was being opened to view spiritually at the time marked by prophecy for the seventh trumpet/third woe. That is why, after being obscured for long centuries, it was only since 1840 that understanding of the seventh-day Sabbath in the fourth commandment was being restored. Thus, during these recent years "the spirit made an indelible impression to search the scriptures for the testimony of God" on the mind of Joseph Bates and others, resulting in the spread of "additional light from the Word on this important matter of present truth."92
Bates' interpretation of a second passage, Revelation 14, made the action required and the consequences at stake more explicit:
Now the history of God's people for the last seven years, or more, is described by John in Rev. xiv:6-13. An angel preaching the everlasting gospel at the hour of God's judgment. This without any doubt represents all those who were preaching the second Advent doctrine since 1840. During this proclamation, there followed another angel, saying "Babylon is fallen, is fallen." This angel was some of the same Advent lecturers, (for invisible angels dont [sic] preach to men.) And the third angel follows them, showing the curse that befell all such as "worship the beast or his image, or receive his mark," . . . .93
Bates went on to point out two groups defined by the only two possible options in response to the third angel's message: "One is keeping the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus," including the Sabbath commandment [Rev. 14:12]. "The other has the mark of the beast [Rev. 14:9-11]," which he identified as the Sunday-Sabbath set up in defiance of God's commandments.94
This exposition of the three angels' messages gave the Shut-Door believers an understanding of the dramatic events that had transpired in the Second Advent movement, of where they now stood in the final outworking of history, and of the imperatives thus placed upon them. They must "do and teach" all of Jesus' commandments, and, in view of the "war" to be visited upon the commandment-keeping remnant (Rev. 12:17), remain faithful through an intense time of trouble: "That there will yet be a mighty struggle about the restoring and keeping the seventh day Sabbath, that will test every living soul that enters the gates of the city, cannot be disputed," Bates confidently concluded.95
The Seventh Day Sabbath: A Perpetual Sign "anchored the Sabbatarian movement," according to historian Merlin Burt.96 Indeed, it exerted a formative influence on Seventh-day Adventism that has endured into the twenty-first century, most notably through an understanding of the three angels' messages of Revelation 14 that has generated a distinct identity as a people with a distinctive, last-day message and a world-shaking mission. Or, put another way, it set forth an apocalyptic theology of history highlighting the seventh-day Sabbath as a sign of a complete loyalty to Jesus and resistance to coercive religious authority that can be traced through the past, must be sustained in the present, and will endure through a future, final conflict.
Way Marks and High Heaps
In another small book, Second Advent Way Marks and High Heaps, published in April 1847, Bates set forth the three options that remained in play at this final, post-1844 stage of salvation history, now that the time for evangelistic work on behalf of the world at large was over: 1) "Nominal Adventist," that is, the Albany Adventists who now repudiated "the Midnight Cry" of 1844 and rejected present truth regarding the Shut Door; 2) "Spiritualizers," who had wrongly construed the post-1844 new light; and 3) "Keeping the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus," as demonstrated by acceptance of the restored truth about the seventh-day Sabbath. "One out of the three to be saved," Bates starkly asserted.97
Again in this instance, it is difficult to improve on the full title, Second Advent Way Marks and High Heaps, Or, A Connected View, of the Fulfilment of Prophecy, by God's Peculiar People, From the year 1840-1847, as a summary of Bates' third major treatise. A donation from a woman who had just sold her home enabled him to pay for production of the 80-page work.98 Bates identified ten familiar "way marks" of prophecy fulfillment, from the Second Advent proclamation beginning in 1840 through the critical events of 1844 and the subsequent Shut-Door experience.
Way Marks highlights continuity between the radical abolitionist Bates and the Shut-Door Adventist Bates, despite the often dense and difficult scriptural expositions of the latter. Bates lambasted the United States for a war of aggression against Mexico begun in 1846: "Then I suppose we shall begin to think (if not before) that the third wo has come upon this nation, this boasted land of liberty; this heaven-daring, soul-destroying, slave-holding, neighbor-murdering country!" He detailed the depredations suffered by Mexican civilians, including women and children, and the resultant state of anarchy, and then caustically exposed the preeminent cause of it all:
Why out of about 7,000,000 of slaves in the Christian world, we of this continent can boast about 6,000,000 of them. Our neighbors, the Mexicans, undertook some years ago to obey God by breaking the yoke of their slaves. This was too much for the most enlightened nation under the sun to bear. So a revolt ensued, and finally we took part of their territory from them: from hence has come this havoc and murder.99
Joseph, James, and Ellen
Reading The Seventh Day Sabbath: A Perpetual Sign convinced Ellen Harmon White and James White to begin observing the seventh day Sabbath in the autumn of 1846, not long after their marriage in August. Ellen, born November 26, 1827, near Portland, Maine, had begun attracting attention in New England Millerite circles in 1845 for the visions she experienced, often in public.100 James, born August 4, 1821, in Palmyra, Maine, had taught school before taking up Second Advent lecturing in 1842.101
Prior to their marriage, the Whites had heard Bates speak about the Sabbath, and while not rejecting his arguments for the seventh day, believed he was placing undue importance on the subject. For his part, Joseph, was ambivalent about Ellen's visions, having observed her experience them on a number of occasions. He did not find anything contrary to the Word of God in what she claimed had been revealed to her, but Bates was for a time unconvinced that the prostration and trance-like state she entered "was anything more than what was produced by a protracted debilitated state of her body."102
Bates acknowledged that initially he had been a "doubting Thomas" with regard to Ellen's visions.103 The rational basis that he sought for their authenticity did not come until November 1846 at a meeting in Topsham, Maine, where he listened to her narrate what she was seeing in vision. Though incidental to the message of the vision, she described the features of planets and their moons with a detailed accuracy that amazed him, and he found entirely credible her assurance that she had never studied these matters.104
In April 1847 he affirmed that the visions were indeed from God: "I can now speak confidently for myself. I believe the work is of God, and is given to comfort and strengthen his 'scattered,' 'torn,' and 'peeled people,' since the closing up of our work for the world in October, 1844." And, he acknowledged that he personally had "received light and instruction on many passages that I could not before clearly distinguish" through the gift of the teen-aged prophet.105
By early 1847, then, Joseph Bates, James White, and Ellen White, shared the following convictions: 1) the perpetuity of the seventh-day Sabbath; 2) the three angels' messages of Revelation 14 as prophetic illumination of the Second Advent movement, pointing to the Sabbath commandment as a final test of loyalty to Christ; 3) October 22, 1844, as the beginning of the Day of Atonement phase of Christ's high priestly ministry in the heavenly sanctuary; 4) Ellen's visions as an authentic manifestation of the gift of prophecy; and 5) their calling to make known the final warning message. These shared convictions led to a collaboration from which Seventh-day Adventism would emerge.
In May 1847 James White compiled and published their first collaborative project, a 24-page pamphlet entitled A Word to the "Little Flock." Its contents had been intended for the Day-Dawn, published at Canandaigua, New York, by O. R. L. Crosier, the only Second Advent paper open to advocates of the seventh-day Sabbath. But Crosier had stopped publishing it in April 1847, so White, with the help of a donation from H. E. Gurney, published the material independently.106
The aforementioned "Remarks" endorsing Ellen White's visions, initially given limited circulation as a "broadside" (single sheet), constituted Bates' only contribution to the pamphlet as an author. In their contributions, the Whites' elaborated upon and adjusted key points drawn from the January 1847 edition of Bates' The Seventh Day Sabbath: A Perpetual Sign. Of greatest long-term importance was James White's brief exposition on the three angels' messages of Revelation 14. In his seminal proposal, Bates included in the third angel's message only the dire warning against receiving the mark of the beast given in verses 9-11, and did not mark a clear chronological distinction between the time of its fulfillment and that of the second angel's message. Both angels seem to have "gone forth" in 1844. White, on the other hand, included verse 12, pointing to "they that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus," thereby placing the call for restoration of the Sabbath commandment within the third angel's message and clarifying the chronological sequencing of all three messages. It was only after accepting the Second Advent proclamation (first angel), and then breaking free from the resistant churches of "Babylon" (second angel) that believers were in a position to receive the third and final message of Sabbath reform that came after October 1844. All this made clear a divine purpose at work in the perplexities and disappointments of the movement's past and a mandate for the present: "we live in the time of the third angel's message."107 Bates soon came into agreement with White's reinterpretation.108
In a letter to Bates dated April 7, 1847, also included in Word to the "Little Flock," Ellen White described a vision that gave striking visualization to the Sabbath significance Bates had seen in connection with the ark of the covenant being opened to view in the heavenly temple (Rev. 11:19). She saw the ark in the "Holiest" of the temple, and Jesus himself open the folded tablets containing the Ten Commandments. When he did so "the fourth (the Sabbath commandment,) shone above them all" and a "halo of glory was all around it."109
Ellen's vision also elaborated on what Bates had written about the restoration of the Sabbath bringing about a final "mighty conflict" that would be a testing experience for those on the cusp of entry into the holy city. "I saw that the holy Sabbath is, and will be, the separating wall between the true Israel of God and unbelievers," she wrote. In somewhat broader terms than Bates, she wrote of a mission that must take place before the separation was final. This would be to reach God's children who, though not Sabbath keepers, "had not rejected the light on it." They would do so when believers "proclaimed the Sabbath more fully."110
Vindication
Bates' fourth book, A Vindication of the Seventh-Day Sabbath, published in January 1848, was, at 116 pages, his longest yet. He undertook the task at a time when his cash in hand was down to a "York shilling." Bates had long-since expended his fortune in support of the Advent movement and other reforms, but apparently he had never revealed to his wife the full reality of their precarious financial status until now, when he used the shilling to acquire only a meager portion of the new supply of baking flour and other essentials she requested. When Prudy asked what he was going to do so they would have something to live on, Joseph replied that he was going to write a book on the Sabbath, and assured her, "The Lord is going to open a way." Prudy, herself not yet a believer in Joseph's seventh-day message, left the room in tears. Soon afterwards, Bates went to the post office where an unexpected donation of $10 awaited him, $4 of which he used to have a barrel of flour, along with potatoes, sugar, and more sent to his home.111
The story of faith providentially rewarded is a favorite of Adventist historical lore. Less emphasized is the fact that after 1844 Bates was always cash poor as an article of faith. He believed that "selling what they have, giving alms," was, along with seventh-day Sabbath observance, another practice marking the radical restoration of apostolic faith needed before Christ returns.112 He believed it was appropriate to labor six days per week to meet immediate needs but thought that "God's people will be absolutely afraid to be found with a surplus treasure here, when Christ comes."113
Bates and the Whites succeeded in stirring discussion of the Sabbath issue in wider Second Adventist circles during 1847, but the Bible Advocate was the only one of the three Adventist periodicals then in publication to give the topic sustained attention. Joseph Turner who debated the issue with seventh-day proponent J.B. Cook in a series of articles, acknowledged Bates' impact, calling him one of the "most valiant champions for the Saturday Sabbath." But because he was in the Shut-Door camp, the Bible Advocate denied Bates a voice in the interchange.114
Going out on faith to finance production of yet another book was the only means Bates had for making that voice heard. Vindication was his heated response both to the exclusion itself and to attacks he saw as not only unfair but as part of the dragon's final attempt to destroy the remnant faithful to the testimony of Jesus (Rev. 12). His purpose was "to expose these deceivers, who for the last five months more especially, have been bearing down upon the remnant in a paper war, with all the power they could wield."115
In the pages of Vindication, Bates entered the "paper war" with guns blazing on behalf of the Shut-Door remnant. Vindication, like Perpetual Sign, contains extensive biblical argumentation, but its tone reflects a heightened level of conflict, the language more acrimonious and emotionally charged. Bates was frustrated by the persistent refusal of the "nominal Adventists" to accept truth that he thought he had conclusively demonstrated "from the clear word." And he was fed up with being dismissed with such epithets as "'door shutters,' 'mystery folks,' 'Judaizers,' 'feet washers,' 'deluded fanatics,' etc., etc."116
The rhetoric against the Shut-Door believers included accusations about other practices, along with Sabbath reform, that had a socially radical edge. Bates disavowed the sexually scandalous elements associated with practitioners of foot-washing and the "holy kiss" in 1845, but saw these practices as part of the restoration of apostolic faithfulness to Jesus, and he refused to abandon them in conformity to pressure from the more socially respectable Albany Adventists. In Perpetual Sign, he upheld those who adhered to "the testimony of Jesus" by "selling what they have, giving alms . . . doing as their master told them to do, 'washing one another's feet,' and as the apostles have taught, 'greet all the brethren with an holy kiss,' 'salute every saint in Christ Jesus.'"117 In Vindication, Bates published an open letter to William Miller that included a spirited reaffirmation of these controversial practices, as well as shouting "glory to God" in meetings.118
Ad hominem insinuations from both sides added rancor to the Sabbath dispute. One letter writer in the Bible Advocate, using the pseudonym Barnabas, unfairly associated Bates with excesses he had repudiated: "If a tree may be known by its fruits, we have a woeful tree here. First, shut door; next, seventh-day Sabbath, or the bondage of the law; next, Oh, it would be a shame to speak of things which are done of them in secret."119
For his part, Bates, in his refutation of Joseph Turner's arguments in favor of Sunday, alleged that Turner had used "mesmerism" in 1845, and then added a sarcastic innuendo about "what a loving drawing and wonderful effect this mesmeric influence produced on some of the dear sisters!"120 Turner threatened legal action if Bates did not withdraw his statements, but did not follow through.121
In October 1848, J. B. Cook renounced the seventh-day Sabbatarian position that he had recently defended in the Bible Advocate. T. M. Preble had given up the seventh day in 1847 and O. R. L. Crosier did likewise earlier in 1848. The Sabbath line between Adventist factions had become more sharp, firm, and alienating than ever. Joseph Bates and James and Ellen White, all on the Shut-Door side, were now the only ones leading the call for Sabbath reform, with no one on the Albany Adventist side supporting the seventh day.122
The Sealing Message and the Gathering Time
Bates and the Whites cooperated in a series of conferences and meetings beginning in 1848 to gather a people around their interlocking Sabbath and Shut-Door teachings. At least six were held in 1848 and several more in 1849 and 1850.123 A conference at Dorchester, Massachusetts, in November 1848, was of distinctive importance for breakthroughs toward a fuller understanding of their message and how best to disseminate it.
Three months prior to this conference, Bates identified the Sabbath with the "seal of God" in Revelation 7:1-4, a connection that had been germinating in his mind since 1846.124 In this passage, an "angel ascending from the east" with the "seal of the living God" instructs four other angels positioned at "the four corners of the earth" to continue restraining violent winds about to wreak havoc on the planet, "till we have sealed the servants of God in their foreheads." Though this insight was in continuity with the apocalyptic Sabbath theology that Bates had already formulated, it offered a fuller picture both of what needed to happen on earth before Christ returns, and of His work in the Most Holy Place of the heavenly sanctuary begun on October 22, 1844.
Based on a vision she experienced at Dorchester on November 19, Ellen White both confirmed Bates' general understanding of the sealing and corrected his interpretation of a detail that seemed important at the time. Though all Sabbath-keeping Adventists understood themselves to be experiencing the outworking of the scriptural end-time prophecies, Bates' was exceptionally concrete and specific in making connections between scriptural passages and current events. He believed that the post-1844 Shut-Door Adventists fulfilled the prophecy about the "angel ascending from the east" because their work had begun on the East coast and then started moving westward (in contrast to William Miller who began in western New York/Vermont and moved East). This interpretation "tried me much," James White wrote, and after her Dorchester vision Ellen White convinced Bates to see the "ascending angel" as symbolic of the Sabbath sealing message itself emerging with increasing brightness and power.125
Ellen White also encouraged Bates to write on the subject, and this he did, incorporating her corrective insight. For the third year in a row, he published a short book in January, this time the 72-page A Seal of the Living God. A Hundred Forty-Four Thousand, of the Servants of God Being Sealed. In 1849. Also true to form, he had no funds on hand to pay for the printing. The need was met by a young widow who donated half the proceeds from the sale of a small house.126
Bates did not get past the "Shut Door" entirely until 1852, but Seal of the Living God represented substantial movement beyond the restrictive aspects of the teaching. In this book, Bates more fully developed the pivotal insight he introduced in 1846, that while one door was shut in 1844, another had opened—to the innermost sanctum of the heavenly sanctuary. When Jesus ended his "ministration or work for the world" in 1844, Bates explained, the door to the temple of God in heaven "was opened for the first time . . . to introduce our great High Priest and King to his bride, and for him to present at the Father's throne the whole Israel of God on his 'breastplate of judgment,' for remission, or blotting out of all their sins; but this cannot be accomplished until he has tried them, and humbled them, to prove them, to know what is in their hearts, whether they will keep his commandments or no."127
Bates equated the sealing with this proving or testing based on the Sabbath commandment, and showed its connection with Christ's final work in the heavenly sanctuary, ongoing since October 22, 1844. Jesus stands beside the Ark "presenting on his breast plate the hundred and forty-four thousand now to be sealed with the seal of the living God. This is and has been the present truth for God's Israel ever since the vail of the inner temple has been raised, or door open, i. e. since October 1844."128
Bates took 144,000 to be a literal number comprising all among those alive at Christ's return who will be saved. It would include two classes of people: 1) All "advent believers" who love and keep covenant with God, "especially his Holy Sabbath"; and 2) those "who do not yet so well understand the advent doctrine," but "will receive this covenant and Sabbath as soon as they hear it explained."129
Though from a later perspective 144,000 seems a quite limited number, it represented a dramatic expansion of mission for the Shut-Door Adventists, who then numbered in the few hundreds. Since they alone had the truth about the sealing, only they could be "sealing messengers" to explain the message to those in the second category so that the total of 144,000 sealed Sabbath-keepers could be reached.130
Bates continued to hold that the door had been shut to those who rejected the Second Advent message culminating in 1844, but the sealing message entailed substantial modification of the belief that the era of evangelistic work for the world in general had closed in that year. In a previous and less detailed discussion of the topic in Vindication, Bates had stated that the "144,000 will be composed of all nations, particularly the poor ignorant, but honest hearted Slaves of this doomed country."131 Then, in Seal of the Living God, he added his belief that "God is now giving dreams and visions to his scattered children, in many places, to prepare them for the coming scenes of the last coming conflict, the slaves of our own land, especially."132
Though he did not pull these threads of thought together in an explicit way, it remains the case that Joseph Bates, in 1849, summoned the Sabbatarian Adventists to a new vocation as sealing messengers that opened the door to mission for the world in a meaningful if modified sense. For the present, though, the main target remained Advent believers who had not yet accepted the Sabbath and sanctuary teachings entailed in the third angel's message.
Traveling Messenger (1849-1872)
With this initiative to take the sealing message to any who might hear, the Sabbatarians had entered what they called the "gathering time." In this endeavor, Bates, as one historian put it, was the "great path breaker."133 Having introduced the key lines of thought that comprised the message, he now pioneered its spread as traveling messenger, going where no Sabbatarian Adventist yet had gone to talk with individuals, families, and small groups scattered throughout the northern United States. The two years from 1849 to 1851 were pivotal in establishing a viable base for a movement, with the number of believers in the network connected by Bates and the Whites increased from an estimated 200 to more than 2,500.134
Since his retirement from the sea in 1827, Bates' travels in connection with the temperance, abolitionist, and Adventist movements had not taken him very far or very long from his home in Fairhaven. But his journey westward to Michigan in the summer of 1849 marked a new era of extended albeit land-based itineraries, described by historian Godfrey T. Anderson: "From this time on until his death he traveled almost continually near and far, with meager means, enduring hardships in order to preach the message he so fully believed and so deeply loved." During these final decades of his life, according to Anderson's research, the proportion of Bates' time away from home was approximately the same as during his career as a mariner—75 percent.135 With the 1849 trip Bates became the first to take the Sabbatarian Adventist message to Michigan and to "the West" (the Great Lakes area) more generally. It also marked the beginning of a series of conversions under Bates' influence over the next five years that would prove to be of enormous consequence for Seventh-day Adventist history.136
In Jackson, Bates' first stop in Michigan, an inquiry at a boarding house about Adventists in the area led him to Dan Palmer, a blacksmith.137 Palmer did not bother to pause when Bates introduced himself but Bates, undaunted, launched into presentation of his message as the blacksmith continued his work. Finally convinced that Bates had something important to say, Palmer put down his tools, took Bates to his home, introduced him to others in the small Second Adventist congregation and invited him to meet with the whole group on Sunday. All accepted Bates' message in short order, resulting in formation of a seventh-day Sabbath-keeping Adventist congregation of 15 members, including Palmer and farmer Cyrenius Smith,138 in August.139
When he returned to Michigan in 1852, Bates stopped in Battle Creek, where, after asking at the post office for the name of the most honest man in town, was directed to David Hewitt.140 After a day-long study that began at breakfast the next morning, Hewitt and his wife, Olive, accepted the third angel's message, and eventually a group of believers formed in the town. In Jackson, Bates conducted public meetings that led to the conversion of Merritt E. Cornell, an "Age to Come" Adventist preacher who then became one of the most effective early Seventh-day Adventist tent evangelists.141 John P. Kellogg and Henry T. Lyon142 were among the others who joined the Sabbatarian movement during this visit. They, along with Palmer and Smith, were enterprising men of means who financed the transfer of the movement's publishing office to Battle Creek in 1855, and supported the cause in other critical ways during its earliest years. Battle Creek would become the Seventh-day Adventist center of gravity for the remainder of the nineteenth century.143 Other early converts won by Bates' traveling evangelism who cast a wide influence included Uriah Smith, Stephen N. Haskell,144 and Ezra Pitt Butler, whose son George I. Butler would become an influential church leader and General Conference president.145
Along with illustrating his influence, these compressed examples give glimpses of Bates' evangelistic abilities and method. Though the public preaching series would eventually become a prominent feature of his ministry, it was not during the early years prior to 1855. Mainly, Bates, using his Bible and where possible, his prophetic chart, talked—often at length!—to individuals, families, and small groups to whom he was led in various ways—recommendations, requests, names and addresses conveniently given in Second Adventist papers such as the Advent Harbinger, and in some instances, dreams. Sometimes he would draw a crowd by launching into his message, with his prophetic chart on display, in a public venue such as a train station or deck of a boat. Sometimes his talks led to larger group meetings, although these were usually held in homes or schoolhouses, leading to establishment or strengthening of small congregations.146
God specially endowed Bates with a "gift to talk the Word," Ellen White observed in September 1850: "None had a gift like his. He could talk to a small company when there was not more than two present, as well as to a large company."147
No one is likely to have listened to Joseph talk about the Sabbath as much as Prudence Bates. It seems a testament to her strength of character that for five years she neither yielded without honest conviction, nor did she close her mind to the evidence, despite the economic insecurity caused by her husband's risky publishing ventures. In 1850, though, Prudy became one of the "gathered," making her own commitment to the "present truth" that her husband pioneered. "I love the Holy Sabbath better and better," she testified a year later.148
Leadership Crisis
Paradoxically, amidst the success of the gathering time, a leadership conflict threatened to divide the nascent Sabbatarian movement. Conflict between Joseph Bates and James White probably was inevitable. Both were independent-thinking dissenters, leaders among men, iron-willed, driven by the sacred mandate of absolute conviction, and skilled in persuasive rhetoric.
The two leaders differed on several points of biblical interpretation, some of them important, but these would be reconciled without much long-term damage after a more critical dispute over publishing strategy was addressed. Ellen White's prophetic gift, perhaps more than any other factor, would serve to hold the founding trio together, but that was neither a magical nor necessarily smooth solution. Indeed, the publishing conflict emerged out of differing understandings of the vision she experienced at the Dorchester, Massachusetts, conference on November 19, 1848.
Joseph and James both understood the vision as a mandate to publish but differed on publication format and strategy. Bates thought it meant another pamphlet or small book. At the time of the conference, Ellen had admonished him to publish his treatise on the sealing message and he may well have considered that if his Seal of the Living God accomplished its purpose, there would be no further need for publications as the sealing would be completed rapidly. For James White, the vision called for publication of a periodical. At some point after the vision ended, apparently in a private conversation, Ellen told him that he should "print a little paper" that would eventually "be like streams of light that went clear round the world." Accordingly, James began, somewhat tentatively, publishing Present Truth in July 1849 as a pamphlet but issued in monthly installments as a periodical.149
Bates thought that publishing a regular paper was a serious error, a move toward the backslidden, Laodicean condition of the "nominal Adventists" who continued publishing periodicals. He thought a periodical diverted too much money and too much of the editor's time in a settled routine, and away from direct proclamation of the final message. Thus, the name Joseph Bates appeared nowhere in the masthead or pages of Present Truth as an editor, publisher, or author.150
Opposition from the movement's senior figure, and his only real colleague at the time, was a serious blow to White. In December 1849 Bates wrote a sharply critical letter that "threw me down as low as I ever was," James wrote in personal correspondence. Thinking the paper likely would die, James was on the verge of discontinuing it until an affirming vision experienced by Ellen on January 9, 1850, renewed his resolve. It apparently quieted Bates' criticism as well.151
Yet in September 1850, with no sign of positive support from Bates for the periodical, Ellen White reported having a vision in Sutton, Vermont, that prompted her to speak to the heart of the interpersonal conflict between Bates and her husband. She confronted Bates with several shortcomings. He had presented the radical call to "Sell that ye have and give alms" in a way that opened the door to manipulative opportunists. He had brought reproach to the cause of God, in ways not fully detailed, with prayers to heal the sick in the midst of unbelievers and "in attending the washing of the saints' feet and the communion" among them. Even more important, during "the gathering time," when it was most needed, "his testimony has been withheld" from the paper.152
The problem underlying these and other issues, Ellen pointed out, was that they had "destroyed James's confidence in Bro. Bates." The disagreements between the two leaders had become personal, and here James was as much or more at fault. His concerns had started as "godly jealousy for the truth, then other jealousy crept in until he was jealous of most every move Bro. Bates would make," Ellen perceived. The relationship between these two co-founders needed to be healed if their movement was to survive in unity. Toward that end, Ellen highlighted from her vision something that ran deeper than reprimands and directives—the boundless love of God: "Then I saw James and Bro. Bates. Said the angel, Press together, press together, press together, press together, ye shepherds, lest the sheep be scattered. Love one another as I have loved you. Swim, swim, swim, plunge deep, deep, deep in the ocean of God's love."153
She desired that Bates' heart would be "open, ready to yield up a dear point when the clear light shines." He and all "shepherds" needed to consult other "shepherds" that are "firm in all the present truth . . . before they receive and advocate any new point of importance."154 It is also noteworthy that Ellen White was more concerned about Bates's collegiality with his brothers in the faith than his responsiveness to her messages. He needed to be more receptive to "light that comes in other ways besides through visions," she wrote. "I saw that he was too slow to receive light from his brethren."155
Ellen White's testimony evidently prompted a positive response without delay. When James White reconstituted the periodical as the Second Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, Joseph Bates was listed first in a four-man Publishing Committee on the masthead of Volume 1, No. 1, November 1850, followed by S. W. Rhodes, J. N. Andrews, and James White. Nearly two of its eight pages were taken by his article on "The Laodicean Church." From that point forward he would be a vigorous promoter of the Review and a frequent contributor to its pages.
Doctrinal Conflicts and Leadership Transition
The publishing crisis had been resolved, averting potential schism between Sabbatarian Adventism's two ministerial leaders. On the disputed issues that remained, Joseph Bates was not always the one required to yield his position. James White opposed the view, held by Bates, that a process of judgment was part of Jesus's high priestly ministry in the anti-typical Day of Atonement, that is, from October 22, 1844, until the "close of probation" immediately prior to the second coming. White ceased fire against this teaching in mid-1851, though he did not explicitly endorse the "investigative judgment" doctrine until 1857.156
However, when it came to "the duration of the judicial proceedings on the livings saints in the Most Holy," Bates's position proved untenable. His contemplation of the details of the sanctuary service and Day of Atonement led him to a momentous conclusion: the pre-advent judgment that began in October 1844 would last seven years, and thus, in October 1851, "Jesus will be gathering in the harvest with his sickle, on the white cloud."157 He made his case in An Explanation of the Typical and Anti-typical Sanctuary, a 16-page pamphlet published in March 1850, the last of the seven works he issued from New Bedford starting in 1846. Both Ellen and James White sharply opposed this claim. With excitement about it rising among the believers, Ellen wrote in the Review and Herald "Extra" published July 21, 1851, that the third angel's message "should not be hung on time; for time will never be a test again."158
The passage of time itself would have overthrown Bates's position, but he apparently ceased promoting his theory before that happened. After Ellen's article in July and another repudiation from James in August, interest died down, with no build-up of anticipation heading into October.159 The fatal attraction of setting dates for Christ's return seems to resist extirpation among prophecy-believing groups. Yet, with the Whites' adamant opposition to Bates's flirtation with it in 1850-1851, the movement soon to take the name Seventh-day Adventist put date-setting decisively in the past.
Certain they had the right day of the week, the Sabbatarian Adventists grappled for close to a decade with the question of exactly when the Sabbath day starts. Bates's study led him to the firm conviction that 6:00 Friday evening marked the beginning of the 24-hour period, and the Whites agreed. But despite publishing a number of articles in the Review defending this position, James White kept receiving letters and inquiries indicating that many were not convinced. In 1855 he called upon John N. Andrews to research the matter thoroughly, and the scholarly young minister produced a compelling case for sunset as the starting point. At a conference in Battle Creek in November 1855, Bates adamantly defended 6 p.m. and, initially, Ellen White continued in her support for that view. But during a season of prayer she had a vision indicating that Andrews's biblical case for sunset was sound and thus, by implication, that her own understanding had been incorrect. Bates yielded, and the conference achieved unity and, it would turn out, enduring resolution of the issue for Seventh-day Adventists.160 Even though the outcome, for Bates, was surrender of a stoutly defended, "dear" position, he described the November 1855 conference as "a rich blessing from the Most Holy Place in the heaven of heavens."161
After 1855, points of contention between Bates and the Whites would be minor. The three co-founders had solidified a platform and a precedent for unity—an achievement that often eludes movements that emerge out of apocalyptic critique of the status quo. Realization of that unity entailed a transition in leadership. Historian and Bates biographer George Knight has convincingly argued that in and through the conflicts, whether or not the participants were fully aware of or intentional about it at the time, James White replaced Joseph Bates as the preeminent leader.162
During the late 1840s, Bates had been the initiator and hub for the beliefs that brought Sabbatarian Adventism into existence and made it dynamic. During the 1849-1852 period, James White became predominant in the ongoing formulation of a system of beliefs and systematic action to disseminate those beliefs. Joseph Bates, as he entered his 60s, took the roles of path-breaking promoter of the message and seasoned facilitator of steps toward advancing the movement in a more cohesive way.
Sharp Boundaries, Open Door
Along with the gains of the gathering time—striking growth and deepened unity through conflict—came hardened lines of alienation between the Sabbatarians and other Adventist groups. For example, the leader of a Second Adventist congregation in Melbourne, Canada East (Quebec), troubled by the interest Bates had stirred when he came to town in 1850 "professing to be an Advent preacher," sought the counsel of Joshua V. Himes, editor of Advent Herald.163 In reply, Himes acknowledged that "Capt. Bates is an old friend of ours, and so far as we know, is better as a man than most of his associates," but he was also adamant that Bates "should not be tolerated for a moment."164 For his part, Bates questioned whether Himes, as the acknowledged leader of the Advent cause, "has taken one right step since January, 1845." In fact, Himes was leading others "to their utter destruction," Bates charged.165
The only hope that Bates held out was for those who had already, in response to the second angel's message, made a clean break with "the nominal church or Babylon" (American Christendom as a whole) in 1843-1844, to now make another clear and absolute break with the "nominal Adventists" by accepting the third angel's message. Bates drew a hard, bright line between the small, seventh day Sabbath-observing subset of Adventists—"the only true church of God on earth"—and all others.166
It is thus not surprising that he drew criticism for "judging"—preaching a message that condemned all other Christians in the world, not to mention unbelievers. Responding to objections such as these, Bates denied teaching that "those who keep the first day of the week have the mark of the beast." That, he said, would be received by those who understand the truth about God's commandments but reject it anyway in order to "worship the beast."167 That distinction may not have meant much to those who objected to Bates' sharp either/or message. Yet it expressed a significant principle in the widening scope of Sabbatarian Adventist mission.
In May 1852, James White wrote that "a large portion of those who are sharing in the blessings attending the present truth were not connected with the advent cause."168 The third angel's message was winning hearts and minds beyond the fragmented remnants of Millerite Adventism. Bates experienced this soon afterwards when the first individual won through his evangelism in Battle Creek, David Hewitt, was a Presbyterian with no previous involvement in the Millerite movement.
The door had been opened to an exponential expansion of potential converts to Sabbatarian Adventism. The second angel's message (Revelation 14:8) had declared the fall of Babylon in 1844. But that "fall" would now be seen as localized and preliminary. "Babylon" was again a mission field for Sabbatarian Adventism. No one would have the "mark of the beast" until proclamation of the third angel's message closed in a blaze of glory that made the issue at stake unmistakably clear to all (Revelation 18:1-4).169
It was primarily James White who recast the three angels' messages in alignment with this expanded mission. Joseph Bates continued relentless travel to pioneer its advance. In late October 1851 he journeyed to Canada where he and Hiram Edson made a five-week wintry trek around the perimeter of Lake Ontario. Then it was on to western New York for another five weeks (February 2 to March 11) during which they stopped in 20 locales for meetings and visits. Bates subsequently headed west for several months of travel that took him to Illinois, Wisconsin, and Ohio before a fruitful return trip to Michigan. He arrived back in Fairhaven in early October, spent one Sabbath with his family, then set out again for extended travel throughout New England. A similar pattern recurred through 1853 and 1854.170
Bates traveled by any means available from horse-drawn vehicle to steam-powered ships and trains. Sometimes he just walked, such as in Canada in 1852 when he and Edson trudged as far as 40 miles through deep snow and "tedious cold weather" to reach meeting places, or in 1849 when he walked from his home in southern Massachusetts to Vermont because he had no money for train fare. Bates sojourned by faith, with neither salary nor travel budget, entirely dependent on what fellow believers might feel moved to send him.171
Bates' evangelistic labors began to shift in two ways during 1855. First, he, along with other leading Sabbatarian ministers, began using a tent for evangelistic meetings. In May 1855, a conference held in Portland, Maine, commissioned Bates and Eri L. Barr, the first Seventh-day Adventist minister of color,172 to conduct tent meetings throughout New England. By September they had pitched the tent 12 times. In most places, the meetings continued for no more than a few days, usually over a weekend. "In this tour, the Tent has been transported by land and water about 1100 miles, at an expense of $43.28, averaging less than four dollars per meeting," they reported.173 The evangelistic duo baptized new believers in small numbers from time to time. "The church in Unity [New Hampshire] were together with one accord," Bates and Barr wrote after meetings there in mid-July, adding, "We . . . went down by the water-side, where seven were planted together in the likeness of the death of Jesus their Lord, henceforth to walk in newness of life."174
It would soon become the norm for a series of tent meetings to run for a number of weeks rather than days. In August 1856, Bates worked with Merritt E. Cornell during the final week of a four-week series in Hillsdale, Michigan, that planted a congregation of close to 70 members.175
By then Bates was spending more and more time in Michigan, which was becoming the center of the Sabbatarian Adventist work. The church in Battle Creek wanted Bates to move there, but he seemed to have developed a particularly close bond with the congregation at Monterey, a rural township about 50 miles to the northwest. The Monterey church had already organized with around 40 members and constructed a house of worship by the time Bates evangelized in the area from November 1856 to February 1857, holding meetings in schoolhouses. The believers in Monterey braved extreme cold to come out for meetings held February 14-18, 1857. On the morning of February 18, with the temperature at -30 degrees (Fahrenheit), church members "cut and sawed out the ice some three feet thick, and found water of sufficient depth, wherein seven souls were buried with Christ in baptism," with 65-year-old Elder Joseph Bates administering the rite.176 In 1858, Joseph and Prudence Bates, after a lifetime in Fairhaven, joined the westward movement to Michigan, making their home on the outskirts of Monterey.177
Organization Man
For Joseph Bates, the 1844 movement, in response to the "flying messages" of Revelation 14, realized the aspirations of restorationist Christianity: "Those whose fear of God rather than man prevailed, cleared themselves from the different orders and sects, and all their various views, they have merged and united as in apostolic times. Creeds and formulas passed away like smoke from the chimney." Like George Storrs and other radical Adventists, Bates adamantly opposed any new denominational organization, and he repeatedly lambasted the Albany Conference of 1845 for in principle doing just that. It had adopted a belief statement, formulated plans for cooperative work, and denounced all that "did not subscribe to this creed and countenance this organization," treating them as "disorganizers and fanatics."178
Bates sustained his critique of ecclesiastical organization through 1850 at least, and throughout his life remained a staunch opponent of creeds and human authority structures that threatened to usurp God's Word. But that did not mean opposition to the church offices and ordering principles clearly seen in the New Testament. Thus, he did not seem to have any difficulty supporting the rudimentary steps toward organization that James and Ellen White began advocating in 1853. All the varieties of post-1844 Adventism faced the problem of preachers who claimed to speak for them but in reality were seeking to build up an opposing faction. Even within the small "seventh day" camp, factions emerged from within, undermining the Whites' leadership and misrepresenting the community united by the third angel's message. In 1853, as a first step, Bates and James White began signing and issuing cards to approved ministers to help distinguish those who truly spoke for their movement from those who did not.179
In an 1854 Review article, Bates tied "church order" to the final restoration of the church. He laid out New Testament passages describing church offices and the functions of the varied gifts of the Holy Spirit to show that "church order and the unity of the faith existed in the days of the apostles who kept all the commandments of God." He traced church history and prophecy to show that during the medieval apostasy, church order "was deranged by commandment-breakers." But now, he wrote, in the third angel's message "we find commandment-keepers . . . going up into the breach, restoring first the Sabbath of the Lord . . . and then 'all things which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began.'" Thus, he concluded, the last-day church of God will "be in order, having her 'Elders, Deacons, Teachers, gifts of healing, helps, governments.' &c."180
This put Bates firmly on the side of "gospel order," but did not take him beyond the congregationalist polity of his Christian Connection heritage. Nevertheless, for the remainder of the 1850s and into the 1860s, Bates facilitated advances toward broader and more centralized organization advocated by the Whites in their uphill struggle against those who feared such a course would lead back to "Babylon." The foremost way Bates did this was by chairing a series of landmark "general conferences" at which crucial steps were taken on the way to Seventh-day Adventist church organization:
1855: Bates' own view of 6 p.m. as the start time for Sabbath rejected in favor of sunset.
1857: Purchase of a power printing press and construction of a larger meeting house in Battle Creek to accommodate general meetings.
1859: Systematic Benevolence plan for support of gospel ministry.
1860: Legal incorporation of the publishing association; organization of local churches so as to legally hold property; and adoption of the name Seventh-day Adventist.
1861: Organization of the Michigan Conference.
1862: First annual session of the Michigan Conference, with measures taken to further develop the effective functioning of the conference.181
The critical 1861 conference also roundly rejected adopting a creed to which all members must assent, instead approving the following "church covenant" as the instrument for organizing individual believers into a church: "We, the undersigned, hereby associate ourselves together, as a church, taking the name, Seventh-day Adventists, covenanting to keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus Christ." The conference also voted that "our present Chairman [Bates] and Clerk [Uriah Smith], act as officers of this Conference for the coming year."182 Thus, as George Knight has noted, Bates acted as the first president of the Michigan Conference, a role he relinquished a year later at the 1862 session.183
Health Reform and Michigan-based Ministry
After moving to Michigan, Bates continued his peripatetic ministry, but for the most part remained within the state. Despite the narrower range, there was little let up in intensity. James White wrote in October 1859 that it would have been entirely appropriate for Bates to relax his efforts in view of his "advanced years," but he was instead "continually breaking new ground, laboring incessantly, preaching from five to ten times a week, and receiving a limited support." Bates maintained a rigorous travel and preaching schedule until November 1871, just months before his death, except for a few brief periods. One of these resulted from a bout of "ague" (probably malaria) that sidelined him for most of November and December 1859, with a brief relapse in 1860. For Prudy, it was a "strange" experience to see her husband ill because he had "always enjoyed such perfect health."184 In fact, except for a recurrence of the same disease in 1866, Bates experienced such good health that, in his 70s he became the "poster boy" for Adventist health reform.
First in so many ways, Bates was by far the first Seventh-day Adventist health reformer, though he became such long before the church was formally organized. As previously discussed, he became a teetotaler in 1827. In 1838 he added tea and coffee to his list of abstentions. In February 1843 he committed to a vegetarian diet and a few months later advanced to near-vegan status, giving up "butter, grease, cheese, pies, and rich cakes" (but no mention of eggs).185 However, Bates did not preach health reform to others until Ellen White, based on visions she experienced in 1863 and 1865, urged Adventists to regard health reform—including a simple diet and use of natural therapies—as a "sacred duty." She saw restoration of bodily health as integral to the third angel's message, an essential component of preparation for the life to come.
For much of 1865 and 1866, nearly all of Bates' colleagues—James White, Uriah Smith, Joseph H. Waggoner, John N. Loughborough, and John N. Andrews—were all incapacitated by illness, making it impossible for nearly a year to get a quorum for meetings of either the General Conference Committee or the Michigan Conference Committee. That he alone, 30 to 40 years their senior, could continue working at a vigorous pace was impressive testimony to what health reform could accomplish.186
James White, reporting on a speech Bates gave at a health reform convention in Battle Creek in 1871, wrote that his venerable colleague, by then nearly 79, "stood straight as a monument and could tread the side-walks as lightly as a fox."187 In his speech, Bates made clear that he had not rested on his laurels when Ellen White pointed the church forward on health reform. He was "endeavoring" to confine himself to two meals per day and ever seeking to continue progress in reform. He also included health reform in his own teaching, regarding it as one of the practices "necessary to qualify those who will be esteemed worthy to carry out the loud cry of the third angel's message."188
In 1866 the Michigan Conference assigned Bates responsibility for churches in its eastern district, giving the western district to John Byington, previously the first General Conference president (1863-1865). Still traveling, and still evangelizing at every opportunity, Bates's work shifted more toward "encouraging and strengthening" believers and helping them work through "trials and affliction."189
On February 25, 1868, Joseph and Prudy Bates celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary by "trying to get nearer to God by humiliation, fasting, and prayer, mixed with praise for sparing us so long to each other." The expression of praise for each other seems genuine despite being couched in an ascetic spirituality foreign to many twenty-first-century readers. It is difficult to imagine Joseph Bates always being an easy man to live with, but after 50 years the elderly couple found joy in each other's company. A few weeks before the anniversary, for the only time that can be documented, Prudy accompanied Joseph on one of his pastoral-evangelistic itineraries, an experience she very much enjoyed.190
Joseph and Prudy developed a deep bond of unity in their faith, but they were never able to realize a similar unity with their children. In 1865 they received word of the death of their son, Joseph Anson, a sailor since he left home at age 14 in 1844. Of their three daughters—Helen, Eliza, and Mary—only the latter showed any interest in her parents' faith. Mary Bates Reardon and her son, Willie, lived with Joseph and Prudy in Monterey during their later years. But while Mary expressed belief in the Sabbath and the second coming of Christ, she felt unable to live a faithful life when apart from her parents' influence.191
"When his younger and most intimate fellow-laborers told him that his age should excuse him from the fatigue of itinerant life and public speaking, he laid his armor off as a captured officer would surrender his sword on the field of battle," James White wrote of Joseph Bates in 1877.192 White did not say when this happened, but it must have been in November 1871, about five months before Bates' death. His reports in the Review from the autumn of 1868 to the autumn of 1871 suggest that the veteran warrior was as relentless as ever on the Michigan battlefield, with occasional forays into northern Indiana and northern Ohio.193
His "beloved companion, Prudy M. Bates," died on August 27, 1870, at age 77, Joseph reported in the Review. She had been in "usual health," performing household duties until she began to suffer "intermittent fever" 10 days before her death. In her obituary, Bates quoted sentiments expressed in her last letter to him that she must have felt countless times over the preceding two decades: "God bless and prosper your efforts to do good and get good, and return you in safety to us, is the prayer of your affectionate wife."194
Within a few weeks Bates resumed his traveling ministry with no slackening in its pace, with meetings and visits to churches during every month until December. During the first 11 months of 1871, he held at least 100 public meetings, above and beyond meetings in local churches and conference meetings. He was at the December 1871 General Conference in Battle Creek and was in regular attendance at evangelistic meetings in Monterey that extended through several weeks in January-February 1872, for which W. H. Littlejohn was the main speaker. But reports of his own traveling ministry in the Review ceased in November 1871.195
Suffering from "diabetes and putrid erysipelas" (skin infections), Bates sought treatment at the Western Health Reform Institute (later Battle Creek Sanitarium). He died there on March 19, 1872, four months shy of his 80th birthday. His funeral took place March 22 in the Monterey church and he was buried alongside Prudy at the nearby Poplar Hill Cemetery.196
Legacy
"Our venerable Bro. Bates was the first in this cause," wrote James White in 1859.197 Bates indeed was first in doctrine, initiating formulation of the defining beliefs of Seventh-day Adventism: the seventh-day Sabbath and Christ's final work in the heavenly sanctuary, and the three angels' messages that gave these teachings decisive urgency at the culmination of history. Bates was also the first in publishing the message and in far-flung travels to proclaim it. And, Bates was the first in health reform, though he waited for the church to catch up with him before emphasizing it. Put another way, the influence of Bates preceded that of the Whites in the development of the major beliefs and practices that continue to make Seventh-day Adventists a distinct religious body in the twenty-first century. It is thus for good reason that George Knight has called Joseph Bates "the real founder of Seventh-day Adventism."198
Bates maintained a firm grip on the Millerite historicist reading of apocalyptic prophecy that demarcated and sacralized the present, in quite vivid and specific ways, as the end time. He, with James and Ellen White, sustained and revivified the power of the Millerite historicist timeline by reconceiving its very final segment as the third angel's message.
All of this gave Seventh-day Adventists a clear identity, strong confidence about the unique decisiveness of their message, and a driving urgency of mission in view of the shortness of time. The importance of all of this in the vitality of the Seventh-day Adventist movement seems undeniable,199 and for all of it the movement is indebted to Bates, not as sole or final formulator but as first pioneer and connecting link with the church's Millerite origins.
Bates's legacy as an apocalypticist is not an unmixed blessing. He was prone to extremes, interpreting biblical passages as forecasts of recent and current events in ways that even James White at times found "doubtful."200 Few, if any, of Bates' spiritual heirs today share his certainty that the prophet Nahum, in describing chariots that "shall seem like torches" and "run like the lightnings" (Nahum 2:3-4), was predicting "the lightning trains" of the mid-nineteenth century, "speeding their course over the rail track at the rate of 40 or 50 miles per hour" as a sign of Christ's imminent return.201 Yet, a proclivity on the part of some to seize upon the latest technological marvels in a similar way has endured.
The passing of time has compelled a renegotiation of the stark, absolute boundary that Bates' interpretations of apocalyptic prophecy drew around the seventh-day branch of Adventism as the sole bearer of the saving message in the last days. That exclusive identity was empowering, yet also helped build up a toxic atmosphere of accusation and suspicion in interaction between Seventh-day Adventists and other Christians. Bates's co-founders came to see this development as unsustainable and at variance with the basic virtues of Christianity that they claimed to espouse. Already within Bates's lifetime, James White took the lead in revising interpretation of the three angel's messages in a way that enabled Ellen, in her influential book, The Great Controversy, to affirm that "the great body of Christ's true followers" remained outside the ranks of Seventh-day Adventism.202 Throughout their subsequent history, Seventh-day Adventists have grappled with the tension between being distinct from yet part of the wider Christian world.
Bates's radical convictions about the demands of adherence to "the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus" through a final crisis also left a mixed legacy. He could testify warmly of how God, "for his dear Son's sake, granted me his rich grace and pardoning mercy." Yet his hope for finally standing "before the throne of God without fault" seemed to depend largely on his own moral success—"if I continue to reform, and forsake every wrong."203 Bates' preoccupation with judgment and human performance injected a persistent legalism and lack of Christian assurance into the Adventist experience.204 Overcoming this spiritual malady and its damage to the church's evangelistic witness would become a major theme of Seventh-day Adventist history, and a flashpoint of controversy beginning in the 1880s, and continuing with fluctuating intensity ever since.
On the other hand, it is possible to see Bates' spiritual rigor through the lens of radical discipleship, and thus as an antidote to the danger of a complacent and cheapened grace orientation. This perspective connects with Bates the radical reformer, his ultraism driven not by petty religiosity but a passion for justice and liberation of the oppressed. The historical recovery of Bates the antebellum social reformer by Ronald Graybill in the 1980s, taken further by Kevin Burton in the 2020s, has coincided with a desire on the part of many Adventists to connect their faith in a more wholistic way with contemporary societal concerns.205
Finally, though, it was in subordinating his individual judgments as a dissenting radical to a higher value that Bates made one of his most signal contributions to the thriving of Seventh-day Adventism. That value, during the church's early, fragile decades, was unity achieved through the working of a multiplicity of spiritual gifts. Bates was, in the words of James White, a man of "natural firmness and independence" who "would speak what he regarded truth with great freedom and boldness." In concert with these virtues, wrote William A. Spicer, a denominational leader of a later era, "one of the strongest traits of Joseph Bates was that he could receive help and even correction from his brethren."206 That was something that his "sister," Ellen White, advised him to do. It was only in this way that Joseph Bates could become not only an exemplary radical for social reform and an influential witness for Jesus and His coming kingdom, but co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
An Explanation of the Typical and Anti-typical Sanctuary, By the Scriptures. With a Chart. New Bedford, MA: Benjamin Lindsey, 1850.
The. New Bedford: Benjamin Lindsey, 1846.
A Seal of the Living God. A Hundred Forty-Four Thousand, of the Servants of God Being Sealed. In 1849. New Bedford, MA: Benjamin Lindsey, 1849.
Second Advent Way Marks and High Heaps, Or, A Connected View, of the Fulfilment of Prophecy, by God's Peculiar People, From the year 1840-1847. New Bedford, MD: Benjamin Lindsey, 1847.
The Seventh Day Sabbath, A Perpetual Sign, From the Beginning to the Entering Into the Gates of the Holy City, 2nd ed. New Bedford: Benjamin Lindsey, 1847.
A Vindication of the Seventh-Day Sabbath, and the Commandments of God: With a Further History of God's Peculiar People, From 1847 to 1848. New Bedford, MA: Benjamin Lindsey, 1848.
White, James. ed. The Early Life and Later Experience and Labors of Elder Joseph Bates. Battle Creek: Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association, 1877.
Articles
"A Consecutive View of the Prophecies Concerning the Kingdom of God and Its Establishment on Earth." ARH, August 28, September 4, September 11, and September 18, 1856.
Burt, Merlin. "The Historical Background, Interconnected Development, and Integration of the Doctrines of the Sanctuary, the Sabbath, and Ellen G. White's Role in Sabbatarian Adventism From 1844 to 1849." PhD diss., Andrews University, 2002.
Biographies of Bates indicate that he was the fifth-born child, but records from "Massachusetts Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records," compiled at FamilySearch appear to confirm the following birth order: Anson (1787-1836); Sophia (1788-1868); Harriet (1790-1868); Joseph (1792-1892), Deborah (b. 1794); Franklin (1796-1875); and John (b. 1799). See Index to Births in New Bedford, 1787-1837, in "Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001," FamilySearch, accessed June 25, 2023,
Godfrey T. Anderson, Outrider of the Apocalypse: The Life and Times of Joseph Bates (Mountain View, CA: Pacific Press, 1971), 13-15; Daniel Ricketson, The History of New Bedford, Bristol County, Massachusetts (New Bedford: Published by the Author, 1858), 360-365.↩
Isaac C. Wellcome, History of the Second Advent and Mission, Doctrine and People (Boston, MA: Advent Christian Publication Society, 1874), 346. Wellcome, who disapproved of the "seventh-day" branch of post-1844 Adventism, judged that Bates' usefulness came to an end when "he became a Seventh Day Sabbath advocate."↩
"A General Conference on the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus Christ," Signs of the Times, September 15, 1840, 92D diss., Andrews University, 2002), 232-242.↩
Joseph Bates, The (New Bedford: Benjamin Lindsey, 1846), 2.↩
This attempt to convey in brief the gist of Crosier's complex set of propositions is drawn from the summary provided by George R. Knight, A Search For Identity: The Development of Seventh-day Adventist Beliefs (Hagerstown, MD: Review and Herald, 2000), 63-64.↩
Joseph Bates, The Seventh Day Sabbath, A Perpetual Sign, From the Beginning to the Entering Into the Gates of the Holy City, 2nd ed. (New Bedford: Benjamin Lindsey, 1847), ii. For convenience, only the second edition will be cited here as it includes all that was in the first and was published just five months later.↩
Joseph Bates, Second Advent Way Marks and High Heaps, Or, A Connected View, of the Fulfilment of Prophecy, by God's Peculiar People, From the year 1840-1847 (New Bedford, MD: Benjamin Lindsey, 1847), 79.↩
Joseph Bates, A Vindication of the Seventh-Day Sabbath, and the Commandments of God: With a Further History of God's Peculiar People, From 1847 to 1848 (New Bedford, MA: Benjamin Lindsey, 1848), 67. In mid-1848 the Bates' experienced another "grocery crisis"; see Knight, Joseph Bates, 122.↩
Joseph Bates, A Vindication of the Seventh-day Sabbath, and the Commandments of God; with a Further History of God's Peculiar People, From 1847 to 1848 (New Bedford, MA: Benjamin Lindsey, 1848), 65-71.↩
See George R. Knight's brief comparative analysis of the histories of the Adventist denominations that formed after 1844 in Millennial Fever and the End of the World (Boise: Pacific Press, 1993), 327-342.↩
Joseph Bates, "Nahum's Prophecy," ARH, September 12, 1854, 38. Bates was not the only Seventh-day Adventist to write on this prophecy interpretation, apparently derived from Josiah Litch (see Autobiography, 216), but he seems to have been particularly enamored with it.↩ | eng | b1897120-b7d7-45f4-8099-bfa59f0206fe | https://encyclopedia.adventist.org/article?id=88Y2 |
BRHS's Physical Education department also falls in the Science Technology and Health Academy. PE is a multi-dimensional program dedicated to helping students explore and enjoy the many aspects of Physical Fitness, Health, Fitness and Athletics.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION MISSION STATEMENT
The Braden River High School Physical Education Department is dedicated to the enhancement of physical literacy among BRHS students by delivering high quality educational instruction and supervised physical activity.
Our Physical Educators will engage our students every day, drawing upon the realms of Motor Skill Acquisition, Healthy Cognitive Development, Holistic Physical Improvement, Interactive Social Skills and Teamwork. Our overriding goal will be to guide our students in the ongoing process of learning and refining a variety of new skills as well as developing an existing knowledge base to participate in lifelong health, fitness and wellness practices.
PE Students Stretch before class to warm up and help prevent injury.
Our Physical Educators and Coaches all bring a wealth of knowledge, coaching and teaching skills to an interactive and enjoyable student learning experience. Our coaches strive to engage our students by enhancing their health, fitness and physical literacy through a variety of traditional Physical Education activity and skill-based courses like BASKETBALL, TENNIS, SOFTBALL, and VOLLEYBALL.
In addition to skill based courses, our students can explore a variety of new skills and activities through our INDIVIDUAL and TEAM SPORTS classes. Our department's Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist and International Level Weightlifting Coach works with our students over consecutive years with three progressive levels of WEIGHTLIFTING classes.
These advanced courses lead to Industry Certifications such as the American Red Cross' CPR/AED/FIRST AID Certification as well as the NASM PERSONAL FITNESS TRAINER Certification. Many of our Academy students also choose to gain valuable practical experience working with our Certified Athletic Trainer and Strength and Conditioning Coach.
Students in HOPE, pictured above, work on life saving CPR skills to earn certifications in class that prepare students for careers in the Health field.
The purpose of HOPE is to develop and enhance healthy behaviors that influence lifestyle choices and student health and fitness. HOPE is a graduation requirement for all students. There is a classroom component for the Health portion of this course and is a combination of both Health & Physical Education. | eng | de681b37-71f8-49b5-b309-a6794a7123b1 | https://www.manateeschools.net/site/Default.aspx?PageID=9037 |
Email Mockups: Taking Your Email Design to the Next Level
Are you tired of the same old, plain-looking emails that fail to grab your audience's attention? Look no further than email mockups! In this article, we will delve into the world of email mockups and how they can revolutionize your email marketing strategy. With their unique and eye-catching designs, email mockups have become an essential tool for businesses looking to stand out from the crowd.
In today's digital age, where consumers are bombarded with emails on a daily basis, it is crucial to make your emails visually appealing and engaging. This is where email mockups come into play. By incorporating email mockups into your email marketing campaigns, you can create stunning designs that captivate your audience and leave a lasting impression.
The Power of Visuals: Why Email Mockups Matter
Visuals are a powerful tool when it comes to capturing your audience's attention. In this section, we will explore why email mockups matter and how they can make a significant impact on your email marketing efforts. From showcasing your products in a visually appealing way to creating a cohesive brand identity, email mockups have the power to elevate your email designs to new heights.
Creating an Eye-Catching First Impression
First impressions matter, especially when it comes to email marketing. With email mockups, you can create visually stunning email designs that immediately grab your audience's attention. Whether it's a striking hero image or a dynamic layout, email mockups enable you to make a memorable first impression that encourages recipients to engage with your email content.
Enhancing Brand Recognition
Consistency is key when it comes to building brand recognition. With email mockups, you can incorporate your brand elements, such as logos, colors, and fonts, into your email designs seamlessly. This not only helps reinforce your brand identity but also ensures that your emails are instantly recognizable to your audience.
Showcasing Products and Services
Email mockups provide an excellent platform to showcase your products and services in a visually appealing way. By using realistic mockups, you can present your offerings in a context that resonates with your audience. Whether it's showcasing a new clothing collection or demonstrating the features of a software product, email mockups allow you to captivate your audience and generate interest in what you have to offer.
Choosing the Right Email Mockup Tool
With a plethora of email mockup tools available in the market, it can be overwhelming to choose the right one for your needs. In this section, we will discuss the key factors to consider when selecting an email mockup tool. From ease of use to customization options, we will guide you through the process of finding the perfect tool that aligns with your requirements.
User-Friendly Interface
When choosing an email mockup tool, it is important to consider its user interface. Look for a tool that is intuitive and easy to navigate, even for those with limited design skills. A user-friendly interface will save you time and effort, allowing you to focus on creating stunning email mockups without getting bogged down by complicated design processes.
Customization Options
Every business has its unique branding and design requirements. Therefore, it is crucial to choose an email mockup tool that offers a wide range of customization options. Look for a tool that allows you to customize colors, fonts, layouts, and other design elements to ensure your email mockups align with your brand identity and messaging.
Designing Engaging Email Templates with Mockups
A well-designed email template can make or break your email marketing campaign. In this section, we will explore how to create engaging email templates using email mockups. From choosing the right color scheme to incorporating eye-catching visuals, we will provide you with practical tips and tricks to design email templates that resonate with your audience.
Understanding Your Audience
Before diving into the design process, it is important to understand your target audience. Research their preferences, demographics, and interests to create email templates that are tailored to their needs. By aligning your designs with your audience's preferences, you can increase the chances of engagement and conversion.
Choosing the Right Color Scheme
Colors play a vital role in evoking emotions and setting the tone of your email templates. Consider your brand's color palette and choose complementary colors that enhance your brand identity. Additionally, take into account the psychological impact of different colors and how they can influence your audience's perception of your email content.
Creating a Clear Hierarchy
A well-designed email template has a clear hierarchy that guides the reader's eyes through the content. Use email mockups to create visual cues, such as bold headlines, subheadings, and call-to-action buttons, that draw attention to the most important elements of your email. This will make it easier for your audience to navigate and digest your message.
Personalization: Going Beyond Generic Emails
In today's era of personalization, generic emails no longer cut it. In this section, we will delve into the importance of personalization in email marketing and how email mockups can help you achieve it. From dynamically changing content to personalized images, we will discuss how to leverage email mockups to create personalized and targeted email campaigns that drive results.
Segmenting Your Audience
Segmentation is the key to effective personalization. Divide your audience into specific segments based on demographics, behavior, or preferences. By creating targeted email campaigns for each segment, you can deliver personalized content that resonates with individual recipients. Email mockups can be customized to showcase products, services, or offers that are specifically tailored to each segment, increasing the chances of engagement and conversion.
Dynamically Changing Content
Dynamic content allows you to tailor the email content based on the recipient's profile or behavior. By using email mockups, you can create dynamic sections within your email templates that change based on predefined rules or variables. For example, you can display different offers for different customer segments or personalize the email greeting with the recipient's name. Dynamic content adds a personal touch to your emails, making them more relevant and engaging.
Personalized Images and Recommendations
Email mockups enable you to incorporate personalized images and product recommendations into your email templates, further enhancing the personalization aspect. Use customer data and purchase history to display recommended products or services that align with the recipient's preferences. Personalized images create a sense of exclusivity and make the recipient feel valued, increasing their likelihood of engaging with your email content.
A/B Testing: Optimizing Your Email Designs
Optimizing your email designs is crucial to maximize your campaign's success. In this section, we will explore the power of A/B testing and how you can use it to optimize your email mockups. From testing different layouts to experimenting with various visuals, we will guide you through the process of conducting effective A/B tests to ensure your email designs are top-notch.
Identifying Testing Variables
Before conducting A/B tests, it is important to identify the variables you want to test. This could include different layouts, color schemes, call-to-action buttons, or subject lines. By focusing on one variable at a time, you can accurately measure its impact on the performance of your email designs. This will help you make data-driven decisions and optimize your email mockups accordingly.
Defining Testing Goals
Clearly define the goals of your A/B tests to ensure you are measuring the right metrics. Whether it's increasing open rates, click-through rates, or conversions, having a specific goal in mind will help you evaluate the effectiveness of your email designs accurately. Keep track of the results and compare them against your baseline performance to determine which variations perform better.
Analyzing Test Results
Once your A/B tests are complete, it's time to analyze the results. Look for statistically significant differences between the variations and determine which elements had a positive impact on your email designs. Use this information to optimize your email mockups and implement the winning variations in your future email campaigns. Remember, A/B testing is an ongoing process, so continue to experiment and refine your email designs to achieve optimal results.
Mobile-Friendly Email Designs: The Key to Success
In an era where mobile devices dominate, it is essential to create email designs that are mobile-friendly. In this section, we will discuss the importance of mobile-friendly email designs and how email mockups can help you achieve them. From responsive layouts to optimizing images for mobile, we will provide you with actionable tips to ensure your email designs look great on any device.
Responsive Layouts
One of the key aspects of mobile-friendly email designs is responsive layouts. Email mockups allow you to create templates that automatically adjust their size and layout based on the screen size of the device they are viewed on. This ensures that your email designs are optimized for both desktop and mobile environments, providing a seamless and enjoyable user experience.
Optimizing Images for Mobile
Images can significantly impact the loading time of your emails, especially on mobile devices. To ensure a smooth experience for mobile users, optimize your images by compressing them without compromising their quality. Email mockups give you the flexibility to resize and optimize images specifically for mobile devices, reducing file sizes and improving loading times.
Clear and Concise Content
Mobile screens have limited space, so it's important to keep your email content clear and concise. With email mockups, you can design templates that prioritize the most important information and eliminate any unnecessary elements. Use short and compelling copy, concise subject lines, and prominent call-to-action buttons to make it easy for mobile users to engage with your emails.
Testing Across Multiple Devices
To ensure that your email designs are truly mobile-friendly, it's essential to test them across various devices and email clients. Email mockups allow you to preview your templates on different screen sizes and test their responsiveness. By conducting thorough testing, you can identify any issues and make necessary adjustments to optimize the mobile experience.
Incorporating Interactive Elements into Your Emails
Interactive elements can take your email designs to a whole new level and boost engagement. In this section, we will explore the various interactive elements you can incorporate into your emails using email mockups. From interactive carousels to countdown timers, we will inspire you with innovative ideas to make your emails more interactive and captivating.
Interactive Carousels and Sliders
Add a touch of interactivity to your email designs by incorporating carousels or sliders that showcase multiple products or images. Email mockups allow you to create dynamic and interactive sections within your emails, giving recipients the ability to scroll or swipe through different content. This not only enhances the visual appeal of your emails but also provides an engaging experience for your audience.
Countdown Timers
Generate a sense of urgency and encourage immediate action with countdown timers. Email mockups enable you to add dynamic countdown timers that countdown to a specific event or promotion deadline. This interactive element creates a sense of anticipation and drives recipients to take action before time runs out.
Interactive Surveys and Polls
Engage your audience by incorporating interactive surveys or polls into your emails. With email mockups, you can design email templates that allow recipients to provide feedback or participate in polls directly within the email. This not only increases engagement but also provides valuable insights that can help you tailor your future email marketing efforts.
Animated GIFs and Videos
Bring your emails to life with animated GIFs and videos. Email mockups support the integration of animated elements, allowing you to showcase product demonstrations, event highlights, or captivating visuals. These dynamic elements capture attention and create a memorable experience for your recipients.
Analyzing the Performance of Your Email Mockups
Measuring the performance of your email mockups is essential to understand what works and what doesn't. In this section, we will discuss the key metrics to track and how to analyze the performance of your email mockups. From open rates to click-through rates, we will guide you through the process of evaluating the success of your email designs and making data-driven decisions.
Open Rates
Open rates indicate the percentage of recipients who opened your email. By tracking open rates, you can gauge the effectiveness of your subject lines and preview text. Analyze the open rates of your different email mockups to identify patterns and determine which subject lines or visuals are most appealing to your audience.
Click-Through Rates
Click-through rates (CTR) measure the percentage of recipients who clicked on a link within your email. CTR is a key metric for evaluating the engagement and effectiveness of your email mockups. Analyze the CTR for different elements within your emails, such as call-to-action buttons or product images, to identify which elements are most compelling to your audience.
Conversion Rates
Conversion rates measure the percentage of recipients who completed a desired action, such as making a purchase or signing up for a newsletter, after clicking on a link within your email. By tracking conversion rates, you can evaluate the effectiveness of your email mockups in driving actual conversions. Analyze the conversion rates for different email designs to identify which layouts, visuals, or calls-to-action are most successful in driving conversions.
Segment-Specific Performance
Segmenting your audience allows you to create targeted email campaigns. By analyzing the performance of your email mockups across different segments, you can gain insights into which designs resonate best with specific groups of recipients. This information can help you tailor your email designs to each segment and maximize engagement and conversions.
Staying Ahead of the Curve: Embracing Email Design Trends
Email design trends are constantly evolving, and staying ahead of the curve is crucial to keep your emails fresh and engaging. In this section, we will explore the latest email design trends and how you can incorporate them into your email mockups. From dark mode designs to minimalist layouts, we will provide you with insights on how to stay on top of the email design game.
Dark Mode Designs
Dark mode has gained popularity among users, as it reduces eye strain and provides a sleek and modern look. Incorporating dark mode designs into your email mockups allows you to stay in line with this trend. Experiment with dark color schemes, contrast ratios, and optimized visuals to create emails that look stunning in dark mode.
Minimalist Layouts
Minimalism is a timeless design approach that focuses on simplicity and clarity. With email mockups, you can create minimalist email designs that emphasize clean lines, ample white space, and concise content. Opt for minimalist layouts that prioritize the most important information and eliminate unnecessary elements, creating a visually appealing and easily digestible email experience.
Interactive Email Experiences
Interactive emails are gaining traction as they provide a unique and engaging experience for recipients. Consider incorporating interactive elements, as mentioned earlier, into your email mockups to create interactive email experiences. This trend adds interactivity and captivates your audience, encouraging them to spend more time engaging with your emails.
Accessibility-Focused Designs
With the increasing emphasis on inclusivity, accessibility-focused designs have become an important consideration in email marketing. Ensure that your email mockups are designed with accessibility in mind, such as using alt text for images, using clear and easy-to-read fonts, and providing text-based alternatives for visual elements. This ensures that your emails are accessible to all recipients, regardless of their abilities.
In conclusion, email mockups are a game-changer in the world of email marketing. By harnessing the power of visuals, personalization, and interactivity, email mockups can elevate your email designs and help you create engaging and impactful campaigns. With the right tools, strategies, and attention to design trends, you can take your email marketing to new heights and achieve outstanding results. So, why wait? Start experimenting with email mockups today and unlock the full potential of your email marketing efforts | eng | 3d886391-dbb8-4110-995f-01aa3cc34edd | https://www.avalish.com/email-mockups/ |
How long does it take for sparrow eggs to hatch?
As we marvel at the intricate patterns adorning sparrow eggs, we can't help but wonder about the mysteries hidden within their fragile shells and the fact about ,How long does it take for sparrow eggs to hatch?
The process of egg incubation is not only crucial for ensuring survival but also holds within it a myriad of natural wonders waiting to be discovered.
From understanding the unique behaviors of parental sparrows to exploring the environmental factors that influence egg development, we'll embark on an enlightening journey that unveils the secrets behind one of nature's most enchanting phenomena – how long it truly takes for sparrow eggs to hatch.
So, get ready to immerse yourself in a captivating exploration of avian biology and witness firsthand nature's miraculous ability to bring new life into our world.
The Gestation Period for Sparrows
The gestation period for sparrows is a fascinating process that offers an intriguing glimpse into the delicate balance of nature. Unlike many other bird species, sparrows have a relatively short gestation period of just 12-14 days.
This quick turnaround allows them to adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions and predation threats, ensuring the survival of their species.
During this brief incubation period, female sparrows meticulously tend to their eggs, providing warmth and protection from potential dangers.
This nurturing behavior reflects the instinctual drive for survival within the sparrow community, as each egg represents a potential new life in the ever-evolving landscape of the wild.
The efficient gestation process underscores the resilience and adaptability of these small birds and serves as a testament to their ability to thrive in diverse habitats around the world.
As we observe the intricacies of the sparrow's gestation period, we gain a deeper appreciation for the complexities of nature's design. The brevity of this process highlights the remarkable speed at which these creatures adapt and evolve, offering valuable insights into how they have successfully endured through countless generations.
How long does it take for sparrow eggs to hatch?
The process of sparrow eggs hatching is a fascinating display of nature's precision and adaptability.
Typically, it takes about 10-14 days for sparrow eggs to hatch after they have been laid. During this time, the parent birds take turns incubating the eggs, ensuring they are kept at a constant temperature for optimal development.
Interestingly, the exact duration of incubation can vary depending on factors such as climate and food availability. In warmer climates, the eggs may hatch slightly sooner, while in colder regions, the process may take a bit longer.
Additionally, the health and age of the parent birds can also play a role in determining how quickly the eggs will hatch. Overall, witnessing the miracle of new life emerging from sparrow eggs serves as a reminder of nature's intricate beauty and resilience.
How many Eggs do Sparrows lay?
Sparrows are known for their prolific breeding habits, with females typically laying between 3 to 7 eggs per clutch. However, the exact number of eggs laid by sparrows can vary based on factors such as food availability and environmental conditions.
In some cases, sparrows may produce multiple clutches in a single breeding season, further increasing the overall number of eggs laid.
Interestingly, research has shown that urban sparrows tend to lay more eggs compared to their rural counterparts. This phenomenon is believed to be linked to higher food resources in urban areas, allowing for increased reproductive output.
Additionally, studies have suggested that older female sparrows may lay larger clutches than younger individuals, indicating a potential correlation between age and egg production in these birds.
It's important to note that while the average number of eggs laid by sparrows falls within a certain range, individual variation within the species is also considerable. Factors such as genetics, health status, and social interactions can all impact a sparrow's reproductive capacity.
As our understanding of these fascinating birds continues to evolve, it becomes increasingly clear that there is much more to uncover about the intricacies of sparrow egg-laying behavior.
What do sparrow eggs look like?
Sparrow eggs are small and typically have a light blue or greenish color with speckles of brown or black. The coloring and markings can vary slightly depending on the species of sparrow, but they generally follow this pattern.
The size of sparrow eggs generally ranges from 0.6 inches to 0.8 inches, making them petite marvels of nature.
Observing these tiny treasures can offer a glimpse into the intricacies of bird reproduction and serve as a reminder of the wonders that exist in our natural world.
When do Sparrows leave the nest?
As the young sparrows grow, the time comes for them to leave their cozy nest and venture out into the world. Typically, this occurs about two weeks after hatching when the young birds are fully feathered and have gained enough strength for flight.
However, some species of sparrows may stay in the nest a little longer, up to three weeks before taking their first flight.
Interestingly, as they prepare to leave the nest, adult sparrows gradually reduce their feeding visits to encourage the young ones to become more independent.
This natural transition marks an important phase in a sparrow's life as it learns to forage for food and navigate its surroundings on its own. It also signifies a beginning of new journeys and challenges that lie ahead for these resilient and resourceful birds.
How Long Do Sparrows Live?
Sparrows are known for their resilience and adaptability, allowing them to thrive in a variety of environments. But just how long do these small birds live? The average lifespan of a sparrow can range from 2-5 years in the wild.
However, some individuals have been recorded living up to 11 years in ideal conditions. Factors such as access to food, shelter, and protection from predators can greatly impact a sparrow's longevity.
Interestingly, sparrows that reside in urban areas tend to have shorter lifespans compared to those living in rural or natural habitats. This is due to increased exposure to pollution, predators, and other human-induced threats.
Additionally, the availability of nesting sites and suitable foraging grounds also play a crucial role in determining the lifespan of these birds. By understanding the various factors that influence sparrow longevity, we can work towards creating more sustainable environments that support their thriving populations for years to come.
How many times a year do sparrows lay eggs?
Sparrows are prolific breeders, and the number of times they lay eggs in a year depends on their environment and available resources.
Typically, sparrows can lay eggs up to 3–5times a year, with peak breeding seasons in spring and summer. However, environmental factors such as food availability, weather conditions, and habitat quality can influence their reproductive frequency.
It's fascinating to note that urban sparrows tend to breed more frequently than rural sparrows due to the abundance of food sources and milder climates in urban areas.
Additionally, successful nesting attempts and sufficient food supply can prompt female sparrows to lay multiple clutches of eggs within a single breeding season. This adaptive behavior showcases the remarkable resilience of sparrows in adapting to their surroundings for reproductive success.
Understanding the breeding behavior of sparrows not only sheds light on their adaptability but also underscores the importance of conservation efforts in preserving their habitats.
By providing suitable nesting sites and ensuring an adequate food supply, we can contribute to the continued success of sparrow populations while admiring their remarkable ability to thrive in diverse environments.
Do Sparrows Migrate?
Sparrows are fascinating birds that often bring joy to our gardens and urban environments. While some species of sparrows are year-round residents in certain areas, many others do indeed migrate.
One such notable migratory sparrow is the white-throated sparrow, which travels from its breeding grounds in North America to spend the winter in southern regions including Mexico and Central America.
The timing and distance of these migrations vary among different sparrow species, with some traveling only short distances while others embark on remarkable journeys covering thousands of miles.
During migration, sparrows face numerous challenges as they navigate unfamiliar territories and contend with changing weather patterns. These journeys require tremendous energy expenditure and careful navigation, making them a remarkable feat for such small birds.
Understanding the intricacies of sparrow migration can provide insight into broader ecological patterns and the impact of climate change on bird populations. By appreciating the incredible feats of these little travelers, we can further appreciate the interconnectedness of all living beings on our planet.
Sparrow migration also highlights the importance of conservation efforts in protecting their habitat along their migratory routes. By providing suitable stopover sites and preserving breeding grounds, we can contribute to sustaining healthy sparrow populations for generations to come.
Final Words
The incubation period for sparrow eggs varies depending on the species of sparrow and environmental conditions. On average, it takes about 12 to 14 days for sparrow eggs to hatch after being laid.
Factors such as temperature, humidity, and nest location can influence the duration of incubation. Understanding the hatching process of sparrow eggs is crucial for conservation efforts and ecological research.
By further studying the incubation period and factors affecting it, we can gain valuable insights into the reproductive success of sparrows and contribute to their conservation.
It is important to continue monitoring and documenting sparrow nesting behaviors to enhance our understanding of these fascinating birds and support their survival in the wild.
Similar Posts | eng | 694d1c60-50cc-4798-8768-58ef0dd679a6 | https://birdsquick.com/how-long-does-it-take-for-sparrow-eggs-to-hatch/ |
DIY Guide: How to Make a Manifestation Box for Your Goals
Unlock the power of your intentions with our guide on how to make a manifestation box. Create a personalized space for your goals and dreams. If you're someone who believes in the power of manifestation, or you simply want to try something new, creating a manifestation box can be a wonderful way to focus your energy toward your goals and desires.
A manifestation box is a physical representation of your intentions and dreams, designed to keep you motivated and inspired as you work towards achieving them. In this section, we will guide you through the step-by-step process of making a manifestation box. From gathering supplies to designing and decorating your box, we'll show you how to create a personalized and meaningful space for your manifestation journey. Get ready to harness the power of intention and manifestation with your very own DIY manifestation box!
Key Takeaways:
Making a manifestation box is a wonderful way to focus your energy towards your goals and desires.
This box is a physical representation of your intentions and dreams.
The step-by-step process of making a manifestation box involves gathering supplies, setting intentions and goals, designing and decorating the box, and effectively using it to reinforce your intentions and visualize your goals.
Your manifestation box is a reflection of your dreams and aspirations and should include personal touches and symbolism that inspire and motivate you.
By creating it, you can unlock the power of your intentions and attract positive outcomes into your life.
The Power of Manifestation
Manifestation involves the ability to bring your desires and goals to fruition through the power of focused thought and intention. By visualizing and affirming your desired outcomes, you activate the law of attraction and begin to draw in positive energy and opportunities. This box is a tangible tool that helps you stay focused and connected to your intentions, enhancing the likelihood of success. By creating a personalized space for your goals and dreams, you can harness the power of manifestation and manifest your best life.
Research has shown that visualization and focused intention can have a profound impact on outcomes. When you create a manifestation box, you stimulate the brain's visual and imaginative centers, affirming your goals and signaling the universe to bring your desires to life. The act of making a manifestation box is a form of self-care that helps you prioritize what is important to you and recognize your worth in the world.
"The universe responds to our thoughts and beliefs, and by focusing our energy on our goals, we can bring them to fruition."
Creating a manifestation box is a simple yet powerful method for visualizing and affirming your goals. By bringing these goals to the forefront of your mind, you're able to take positive steps toward making them a reality. In the following sections, we'll explore the process of making a manifestation box in more detail, guiding you from gathering supplies to effectively using your manifestation box to manifest your best life.
Gathering Supplies for Your Manifestation Box
Creating a manifestation box requires specific items to ensure that it align with your intention and goal. The following are the supplies you will need to make your DIY manifestation box:
Supplies
Significance
A box or container
The container serves as the foundation of your manifestation box and holds the items that represent your intention.
Paper and pen
Writing down your intention and goals is a powerful way to clarify your thoughts and set your manifestation process in motion.
Decorative materials
Choose items that inspire you and align with your intention. This could include crystals, figurines, stickers, or affirmations.
Images and symbols
Print or cut out images that symbolize your intention, such as a dream job or a healthy relationship. You can also use symbols that correspond to your intention, such as a heart to represent love.
Tip: Before you start gathering your supplies, take some time to reflect on your intention and the outcome you desire. This will help you choose items that resonate with your goals.
Setting Intentions and Goals
Manifestation is all about setting clear intentions and goals, and your manifestation box is a powerful tool for bringing them to life. Here's how to get started:
Reflect on your desires. Think about what you truly want to manifest in your life, whether it's a new career, a fulfilling relationship, improved health, or something else entirely. Take the time to really visualize your dreams and get specific about what you want to achieve.
Write down your intentions and goals. Once you have a clear idea of what you want to manifest, write it down on a piece of paper. Be specific and use positive language, such as "I am attracting abundance and prosperity into my life."
Choose symbols that represent your desires. In your manifestation box, include items that symbolize your intentions and goals. For example, if you're manifesting a new job, you might include a business card or a piece of paper with the name of the company you want to work for.
Focus your energy on your goals. When you place your items and intentions in it, take a moment to focus your energy and attention on them. Visualize yourself achieving your dreams and feel the emotions associated with that success.
Remember, this box is a constant reminder of your goals and intentions. Place it in a location where you'll see it often, and revisit it regularly to stay focused on your desires.
Designing and Decorating Your Manifestation Box
Your DIY manifestation box is a way to express yourself and your aspirations. Decorating it with personal touches and symbols can give it extra meaning and serve as inspiration every time you look at it. Consider the following tips before designing your manifestation box:
Choose a theme: Have a clear idea of what you want to manifest and let that theme guide the design of your box. If it's about abundance, add symbols of wealth and prosperity to your design.
Include affirmations: Adding inspiring affirmations to your manifestation box serves as a constant reminder of your goals. Use colorful pens and stickers to create a pleasing layout for your affirmations.
Use pictures: Including pictures that represent your desires can increase the vibrational energy of your manifestation box. Use magazines or print pictures from the internet that align with your intentions.
Make it unique: There are no rules for designing your manifestation box. Get creative and use materials that speak to you. For example, wood, stickers, stones, and paint are just some of the materials you can use to make it personal and special.
Remember, the most important thing is that your manifestation box reflects what you want to achieve, and it should inspire and motivate you to make your dreams a reality.
Using Your Manifestation Box
Once you have created your manifestation box, it's time to put it to use. Here are some ideas for how to effectively use your manifestation box:
Visualize Your Goals: Take time each day to sit with your manifestation box and imagine yourself achieving your goals. Visualize the positive outcomes and emotions that come with having those desires fulfilled.
Reinforce Your Intentions: Every time you add a new item or intention to your manifestation box, take a moment to reaffirm your commitment to your goals and to the process of manifestation.
Practice Gratitude: Use your manifestation box as a reminder to focus on the things in your life that you are grateful for. This will help you cultivate positive energy that can attract more positivity into your life.
Stay Mindful: Keep your manifestation box somewhere that you will see it every day. This will help you stay mindful of your intentions and focused on your goals.
Remember that the key to manifestation is staying committed to your goals and maintaining a positive mindset. Your manifestation box can be a powerful tool to help you achieve your dreams.
Conclusion: How to Make a Manifestation Box
In conclusion, creating a manifestation box is an excellent way to manifest your desires and attract positive outcomes into your life. By following the step-by-step process outlined in this guide, you can create a personalized space for your goals and dreams. Remember to set clear intentions, gather meaningful supplies, and infuse your manifestation box with personal touches and symbolism to inspire and motivate you.
By using your manifestation box regularly, you can reinforce your intentions, visualize your goals, and focus your energy towards achieving them. With consistent effort and a positive mindset, you can cultivate the power of manifestation and unlock your true potential. So why wait? Begin your manifestation journey today by crafting your own manifestation box and witness the magic unfold! | eng | 18835a90-1c48-433b-8d2d-5c961226b243 | https://positiveaffirmationscenter.com/how-to-make-a-manifestation-box/ |
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#37 - How to be a climate-conscious product manager with Antonia Landi and François Burra
Publié le
mardi 23 avril 2024 à 04:00
par Gaël DUEZ
Durée : 52:34
Tags :
sustainability, climate change, product management
💡In product management, there is a strong culture of adapting to change, testing, and rapid learning. Talking about change, we have a big big one ahead of us: climate change! How can product leaders include climate considerations into the build and run of digital services and scale sustainable practices? 🎧In this episode, Gael interviewed two hands-on experts and daily practitioners in product management on how to become a climate-conscious PMs. Antonia Landi, based in Germany, is a strong voice in ProductOps, and François Burra, based in Canada, is the co-author of the Climate Product Management Playbook. What product manager should consider? 🌱 Environmental impact throughout the product life cycle, 💻 Minimalistic approach on user experience, 🎯 Climate-related OKRs and reducing costs through intentional data storage. ❤️ Subscribe, follow, like, ... stay connected the way you want to never miss an episode! 📧 Once a month, we deliver carefully curated news on digital sustainability packed with exclusive Green IO contents in your mailbox, subscribe to the Green IO newsletter here.
Antonia and François' sources and other references mentioned in this episode:
Transcript
[00:00:00] Gaël Duez Hello everyone. Welcome to Green IO with Gaël Duez. That's me. Green IO is the podcast for responsible technologists building a greener digital world. One bite at a time, twice a month on a Tuesday, our guests from across the globe share insights, tools, and alternative approaches, enabling people within the tech sector and beyond to boost digital sustainability. And because accessible and transparent information is in the DNA of Green IO, all the references mentioned in this episode, as well as the transcript, will be in the show notes. You can find these notes on your favorite podcast platform and, of course, on the website greenio.tech
Product managers have always lived in a world of contradictory injunctions. They are at the converging point of all requirements, business requirements, of course, and all the others. Let me illustrate with some sentences which might be familiar to many of you. We cannot launch feature X because I need some time to deal with my technical debt. Make sure your product is accessible and secure. We need to launch this proof of concept to test our hypothesis next week, but beware of being pixel perfect because of the risk for our brand image. Accessibility is key in our values. Such as innovation. So let's not miss the latest trend in virtual reality, et cetera. And now after cybersecurity, accessibility, performance, et cetera, a new wave is coming. Sustainability, with sentences like beware of your carbon budget. How much will this new feature impact our CSRD reporting? Watch out for greenwashing with these product claims. Did you check the W3C sustainability guidelines for your product? And product managers in charge of back end products are not off the hook. How does it perform with our API green score? Our cloud operations are too carbon intensive. Can we delay some process to enable carbon aware computing, or even better, grid aware computing? To be honest, I'm not that worried about the product management world succeeding eventually to overcome these new challenges. There is a great culture of adaptation to change, testing and fast learning in the product management line of work. The main questions are how and when, because time takes time with climate change. And many sustainability tools for product managers are still missing. Hence, a question for this episode is how to become a climate active product manager today, not tomorrow.
And to try answering it, I asked two hands-on experts and daily practitioners in product management to join our show today. Antonia Landi, a former Aviv Group colleague, has become one of the top voices in European product operations. Being a community person at heart, I can testify, and loving bringing people together, she leads Germany's only meetup for product operations in Berlin, where she's based. You can easily find her work online. She has written for publications like LeadDev, Product Alliance, and MindTheProduct. François Burra is a Canada based product lead and UX consultant, mentor, and speaker with 13 years of experience working with startups and agencies in North America. After taking almost a full year off following climate courses, he pivoted his career to fight the climate crisis. He now helps digital companies and product teams reduce their digital emissions via consulting, measurement, and training. And talking about training, I had the opportunity to meet him via the wonderful climate action tech community when he was presenting his newly released climate product management playbook, which was well received in this community and others. So welcome Antonia. Welcome François . It's a pleasure to have both of you on the show.
[00:03:56] Antonia Landi It's a pleasure to be here.
[00:03:58] François Burra Thank you for the invite, Gaël.
[00:04:00] Gaël Duez It's my pleasure. Thanks a lot for joining to set the stage. I would like to ask a general question about the context and the momentum. Why do you believe both of you that product managers have a unique opportunity and responsibility right now to embrace sustainability? Maybe François , you want to give the first shot?
[00:04:23] François Burra Sure. I think product managers have a unique opportunity because their role, the sense of what they do is based on influencing. So whether it's influencing their team or even beyond their team, they collaborate with all departments across the organization, they tie the strategy with the execution. So they have these posts, like the way I see it visually, like a vertical and horizontal influence. And because of that, if they integrate sustainability as part of their vocabulary and part of their processes. Then suddenly it can shine throughout the whole organization. So that's why for me, they really have a unique opportunity to play a big role in making their job, a climate job and their company, a climate company.
[00:05:08] Antonia Landi Yeah. I think to add to that, for me, PMs have a unique responsibility because we'll actually have, or should feel a unique responsibility, right? To make sustainability the forefront of what we do, and especially looking at the climate impact of tech off the everyday things we use, right? How? How sustainable is this? You're actually working on and how much could you actually meaningfully change. And if we all individually take small steps to take sustainability to the next level in our digital products, then together we can make a very big impact. So to me, that's exactly why we should be talking about this.
[00:05:53] Gaël Duez Are more people talking about sustainability in product management these days than before? I mean, both of you, you're privileged witnesses in your industry. So is it still a happy fuse or do you see something a bit more general happening?
[00:06:11] Antonia Landi Yeah, I think for me, honestly, there's still not enough. I think there's definitely more than there was even a year ago, right? We are starting to think about sustainability in product management. We're starting to right shift left with sustainability, not do it after the fact, after a product has been created, but really as we create the product. But to me, it's still not nearly enough, honestly, like we are scratching the surface only just barely, which is also why I was so excited to have this happen to have this recording where we uniquely focus on what PMs can do.
[00:06:51] François Burra I 100% agree with Antonia. And thank you so much, Gaël, for creating that space because we need more person like you and podcasts like you to raise awareness, not only on the topic of digital sustainability or green IT overall because being French, I have ties in Europe, but living in Canada and North America, I can see the gap that exists between those two markets. And I usually joke, or it's not necessarily funny, but that there's maybe a three, five, seven years gap in terms of awareness between the two continents. And when it comes to product management or climate positive best practices, we even behind I think he started more with designers and engineers, you know, this movement but product managers still are lagging behind those two roles. And that's why I got passionate about trying to do something about it because when I was in a position with a startup. That was borderline doing greenwashing without bad intentions, right? The leveraging of the marketing that would come with it and the benefits that comes with this. I was faced with a sense of not being able to properly address those concern or I was not educated and didn't have the tools to influence the company to do a better job and avoid implementing those practices that were not necessarily transparent, which reminded me of a company, a startup that I used to work with a few years back before I made my pivot to work as solely on the climate crisis as a PM. I didn't have the tools to properly see through the marketing strategy that we had, and basically we were making claims that we were environmentally friendly companies or aiming towards net-zero and so on and so forth. But purely basing on the whole strategy on offsets on carbon offsets without any other actions or awareness of what it means to be in a zero or try to fight climate change. And we were making those big claims to our users that if they were using our app, they would do a good gesture for the environment. And I always knew that matter was super high. Unfortunately, I didn't have the tool to properly educate people or push back against it. So it ended up being part of the strategy and released and everyone was leveraging it in our social network and so on. And that's also why I felt this frustration, this not necessarily anger, but this desire to start educating myself and, and with that, try to spread the message and raise your awareness for my peers.
[00:09:31] Gaël Duez It reminds me of a very personal story of a guy who had a very significant over several hundred millions of budget in a big company as a CTO or group CTO, you name it the way you want and didn't do that much because he just thought that it was all about asking AWS to be greener. I must admit this guy was me. And yet, François , it's interesting what you've described because it's really what Harriet Kingaby in a previous episode on greenwashing, she referred to it as unintentional greenwashing, like greenwashing was the best intention. It's just that you don't have a, like a master plan and with people with dark hoodies saying, "Oh, we're going to screw our customers." No, it's just. You believe this is the right stuff to do because you don't have the information and the basic information regarding offsetting is sorry dude but the civil aviation took all the available land on earth to plant trees to offset their only activities and there is no room left for any others so that's just the basic issue with offsetting but I still love this example.
[00:10:35] François Burra Against planting trees. Right.
[00:10:37] Gaël Duez But yeah, it's super important. Yeah. It's super important to plant trees for sure, but it doesn't offset anything. It's just that it will help us to rebuild the carbon sink that we need so badly. And what about you, Antonia?
[00:10:53] Antonia Landi Yeah. I mean, just listening to you, François , like I worked at the sustainability startup for a little while. Like, our whole thing is it was a reusable shipping box, right? You could reuse hundreds and hundreds of times. It had some smart trackers and everything. Obviously there was an app, right? So even though our core mission was sustainability, recycling was enabling the circular economy by, I don't know, packing your old clothes in the box or dropping it off at the center, having a community around all that. It's stopped at that product. Right? Even back then, we weren't savvy enough to think about where our data is hosted? How much of this data do we actually need to host, right? How many iOS versions or Android versions are we supporting, right? Things that nowadays, after my own research, after sort of embedding myself more into these topics, seem almost like common sense to me, but even in such a climate active, I suppose, environment. We weren't even thinking about that because tech was always only seen as an enabler and not as one of the root causes, right?
[00:12:17] François Burra I think there's something that I observed over the years, which is that people especially climate tech or sustainable companies because their whole mission is to deliver impact based on their mission, they forget that the why is not allowed to align with the way they do it. And they could implement the worst practice in terms of, like, digital, right? And yet the target, like, claims that they're doing a good thing for the word, but, it's kind of like this duality that is not well understood. And what I could observe is that the reason why the company is created and the how, which is how they build their software from a digital standpoint, because they implement the worst practices at the end of the day, backlash the whole reason why they were created in the first place, which is something that obviously. No one is perfect, right? So the intention is to try to do good in all areas of the company. And there's parts that would be more advanced than others, but it's important and that's what today is important to raise awareness about, like how you can build software and digital products because that could impact. I have a great impact and you need to be aware of it to lessen the negative impact that you can have while building and maintaining what is created to solve this valuable problem, the society.
[00:13:43] Gaël Duez I think it's very valuable feedback that you share about this discrepancy between what we want to achieve, what we are truly doing, et cetera. But both of you are daily practitioners, so let's get our hands dirty. How can we become a climate active product manager today and what is sustainable product management?
[00:14:08] Antonia Landi I think for me, sustainable product management really is, so I have this super basic definition of what product management is, right? It's delivering value to the user in a way that benefits our business. And to me, sustainable product management is in a way that benefits our business and our planet. I think ultimately sustainable product management starts from the moment you are identifying problems and scoping solutions, but it can run the whole gamut of, and this is something that people will not want to hear, right? But how much data are we storing and how much of that data are we actually looking at? And then, I mean, I addressed this beforehand, right? Like the implications of our product choices. How many mobile phone versions are we going to support with our app, right? And it becomes more and more narrow every single year. And the consequence of that is that we are excluding ourselves from people who want to have older and perfectly working phones. I think there are just many small knock on effects that we just need to play through in our minds. We just need to think through the ramifications of small choices like that.
[00:15:32] François Burra Yeah, I love it. I think, as you said, like, we need to, as PM, consider the environment and sustainability as we used to think about the triptych technology design or user and business. And for me, we can see sustainability as the fourth pillar, or we can see it another way, which is kind of underlying conditions. So, if you apply those best practices will create a better experience, will create better technology because you learn faster, but also will drive better business results. So I kind of see this triangle like 3D shapes in my head right now, which may not make sense, but I think it's, we can really see it as something that will make your whole business and product better, but I think what is missing that we were referring to earlier is that because the awareness is is is lacking on the topic, we don't know the impact that we have. And if we start to line things together from an energy standpoint, carbon emission, water consumption and so on, then suddenly, we would've another lens to see the problem and other tools or reinforce the desire to implement the tools and the best practices that we all know that are good to implement. Right. So for me, that's where there is a huge opportunity for the PM.
[00:16:49] Gaël Duez Can you indulge us in a structured way to deep dive into what are the big bunks of stuff or actions or tasks that you would advise as an overview to pay attention to when you're a product manager, because Antonia mentioned the data. She, and that's very rare in our industry, mentioned the hardware and making sure that we are not part of the planned or even not planned, but just technical obsolescence problem that our industry is rigged by. So, wow. Big kudos for that. And François , how would you structure everything because this is exactly what you've done in your playbook.
[00:17:27] François Burra To double down on what Antonia said, like the whole manufacturing, hardware, distribution, end of life and so on and so forth. That represents about two thirds of image emissions of the digital industry, right? So we cannot state enough in this podcast and in our lifetime, how big our impact, how big digital is physical. So to answer your question, Gaël, with a playbook that we co-wrote with Antoine Cabot, with a friend of mine working at Salesforce in BC, Canada. We structure it around five chapters, but maybe we can focus on some of them for the sake of the discussion. The first one is to, as a PM, embed climate or sustainability as part of your rituals and it's all about how you choose the right metrics, how you track your digital footprint, how you include your planet into your product requirements documents, your briefs and so on and so forth. So that's the first chapter. The second chapter is how you build in a more mindful way. So thinking about the planet as a Persona, animals as a Persona. How you try to tie your strategy to sustainability, sustainable development goals and so on and so forth and how you avoid obsolescence tactics and how you can leverage AI in a sustainable way because. As much as we want to make sustainability a trend for PMs, right now, AI is like leading the race by far. So we have to see what use from this momentum that they have to do the same for sustainable topics for PMs. So anyway, that was the second chapter.
The third chapter is like how to apply frugal minimalist best practices. So coming back to what Antonia was saying, like how you minimize the amount of data that is being transferred. How you simplify and build a straightforward user journey that avoids all the fluff, remove product loads, you remove features that are not used, you remove data that are not used, you remove scripts and components and so on and so forth and don't forget to kill features.
The fourth chapter is about how to be more carbon aware and or read aware, but just as a concept that normally we should make sure that we consume the least amount of energy, but also the low carbon energy as much as possible. And we migrate your server or your hosting provider to choose a sustainable one and things like that.
And the fifth pillar, and I'm going to stop here because there's so many things that we can talk about about each of those topics is to leverage your influence. As we said earlier, we have a huge influence internally, we have a huge influence in our ecosystem, in our value chain, the way we choose our partner whether it's to transport our e-commerce website, let's say who are we partnering to deliver our product? Are we choosing a provider with sustainable practices or who uses electric vehicles or like bikes even for delivery.
So like all of that is kind of how we can use our influence internally and externally. And I think this is a power that usually we have, but we don't realize that we have it. And there's a big miss opportunity if we don't leverage it to the full extent. So those are the five chapters.
[00:21:03] Gaël Duez And thanks a lot for structuring it because now I'd like to play a little game with both of you, which is let's go for each chapter and pick one example that you would like to see widely adopted for each of these chapters. And of course, feel free to pick the chapters in whatever order you want. And Antonia, I might bet some money on which chapter will come first, but please feel free to start.
[00:21:34] Antonia Landi I mean, honestly, there were so many things that resonated with me as you were talking, but I think first and foremost, and this is something that I stress over and over again, right? Sustainable product management is also just good product management, right? Don't build things nobody needs, right? Get rid of that bloat. I love that you mentioned minimalism. But I think to me, this really comes in two different forms. One of them is really actually how we structure the user experience of our products. Like, Netflix, if you let it, it will just keep playing. Like, YouTube will just keep streaming. Same with Spotify, right? They are built to keep streaming high quality, expensive data, right? Because that's how they make their money. But that has a massive, massive climate impact.
[00:22:58] Gaël Duez And, I really love Antonia's idea of letting the user choose. And especially when you look at all these experiences with, as you mentioned, Netflix, YouTube, et cetera. In their values most of them is like do no harm provide the best possible experience when you say that one of the worst health crisis that the word is actually under and it's completely under the radar is a sleep crisis that we are literally destroying our health because with so much stimulated that we don't sleep enough in almost every country compared to the minimum requirement of our body. You could seriously challenge it if it's that much sustainable, offering people nonstop video and nonstop audio, at least without a message in some kind of action. I say, "Hey, by the way, you've just spent three hours." It's 2 a. m. in the morning. Most of the people will go to bed at that time. Do you still want to like a bit like on the cigarette packet, but what was it your idea, Antonia?
[00:24:07] Antonia Landi So first of all, this also broadens the scope of sustainability, right? Is mental wellbeing part of sustainability as well? I'd like to think that's a part of it as well. But the second one, like now you're going into the... so I have made exactly this case of the climate impact of watching Netflix on your phone. Like, you download that episode, you're on a flight, whatever, watching Netflix on your phone. And two things usually happen, right? People are shocked at the impact of something so small and so mundane. And then people despair, right? Because it's like, well, I do this all day, every day. If we're in zoom calls, we're streaming data to each other just a whole entire time, right? What is the impact of that? But I think it's also realizing that yes, you might be contributing to the problem, right? Currently. And yes, there is this initial shock you have to go through to understand just how big the impact of our everyday actions with tech are. But all of this information, like all of us talking about this, isn't to make you feel bad about your daily habits. It's just to allow you to be more conscious in the future, to have that maybe sense of responsibility to have that just extra second where you think, well, hang on, do we really need this? Right. Can we give users an option?
[00:25:48] Gaël Duez So enable the user to pose and give them an option. I think it's a beautiful statement. François, do you want to go for the second round? What would be a very actionable idea or best practices that you'd like to share and where does it refer to in your framework, in your five chapters framework?
[00:26:11] François Burra Yeah, I actually wanted to react to what you were saying, because it was so interesting. I think Gaël, you were referring to Netflix and the need to sleep, but I think it was a Netflix CEO that actually said that their biggest competitor is sleep. So I think it shows how problematic it is and how we can talk about sustainability and responsibility, but we do have an impact in many different ways. And that we need to embody that in a more responsible way. And then when we talked about do every new employee needs to have a brand new computer, and what do we do with existing IT fleet and equipment that we handle? For companies that have hundreds or thousands of employees, just thinking about the lifespan of their equipment, if they push, like sometimes there are internal policies that you may have seen every three years you have to change your computer because you have to be the best performer. And, we want employees to be productive. So we're going to change it every three years, right? If you push that to maybe four years or five years, the environmental impact of that measure, that's kind of a simple quote unquote measure. Could be huge in the environment, considering what we talked about earlier about how much it costs the environment and the planet to build new devices and equipment. So that's 1 example that you can take as you could be the CTO in charge of that. There could be many people responsible for that type of decision, but this is super critical. And coming back to the next example, again, about autoplay, which is an environmental disaster, and only because of the example we just talked about, there's two practical ways you can fight against it. And I saw it with a client that I'm working with at the moment for the past few months, they are a media platform. And basically there's two ways you can approach it. Either you ban autoplay or you avoid it as much as possible, which is not necessarily the most acceptable way. But another way to look at it, and by no means it's perfect, right, is to instead of launching the video, the autoplay after three seconds, where the user basically doesn't have a choice because it goes so fast that it just happened, right? Maybe can you extend it by 5 seconds or 10 seconds, 15 seconds? So at least you give the user the control, the power. To reflect on that and maybe there is a chance also to educate the user. Hey, is it time to sleep? Or hey, do you know the environmental toll that streaming has? So the intention here is not to blame users and put the responsibility on them. It's us as digital creators and builders that need to build by default something that is green, right? Or sustainable. But there's so many ways that when you start understanding the problems and become an expert of the problem, and that's all about being a PM, right? You have to become an expert of the problem because before you become. Expert of the solution. So when you add sustainability into your framework, then suddenly you can have new creative solutions to embed into your product. And that's what I find fascinating. It's not like something more that you have to add to your day that is kind of bothering you and you have to make it fit. It's something that can unlock new possibilities and make your product better.
[00:29:25] Gaël Duez If I'm allowed to bounce back on what you say, François, you use the word framework, and I reckon an entire chapter is dedicated to culture, rituals, etc. And I know for you and Antonia, how pivotal this culture question is starting with you, François , what would be a good idea, a good practice to entrench the sustainability mindset in product management?
[00:29:55] François Burra There's different ways you can surface climate into your product. And we can start with OKRs. I think we were talking about OKRs before the show started. You can take those as opportunities, right? Either you have a company that is mature enough that you can be sustainable. Or climate related OKRs, like we want to reduce our footprint by 10 percent by the end of the year and then you break it down and you kind of see how you can reach that goal or you have non-climate OKRs, let's say, increased revenue or reduced costs, but when you talk about that, like when you break it down, reduced costs, probably like if you're a big tech company, cloud expenditure, it's probably a big center cost, right? Cost center, sorry. And why is that? Because you store a lot of data and oh, okay, so how can we reduce that data stored and, and see how we can be more intentional in the way we store what we need and what we, and not store what we don't need? And then suddenly like you become more aware of the lifecycle of data and then you can remove things that are not needed because as Antonia said earlier, like you don't need all the information about users that churn five years ago about what they did on a specific day, right? And so when you become a bit more intentional and minimalist and like more specific about why we are storing this? And why are we building this? And why do we keep this feature that serves no one suddenly like you will trim down your product, make it lighter, maybe make it faster, remove the fluff, trim images, compress and so on and so forth. And then, oh, well, we just reduce the cost of our cloud infrastructure by 5, 10, 20 percent and that feeds this. Okay. This is about the bottom line and we didn't talk about sustainability, right? We just did. What is what makes sense? But at the end of the day, we have a climate impact. So I think either you need a conversation with environmental topics, or you just find the opportunities within existing strategy, given that most of I don't want to overgeneralize most of sustainable and climate best practices for PM or for digital folks there. Is good for the business and the product, and there's other ways you can do it, but you can set carbon budget when you release a new feature to make sure that you track this you track and you make assumption and projection about how much a feature could, could wait in, in term of carbon and when it's released, like making sure that it doesn't exceed the sets, an amount of carbon emitted. So you stay within a range of an acceptable amount of carbon emitted. You can look at page weight. There's a page weight budget as well. There's tools out there that can help you to build pages that are not exciting. Let's say two meg or three meg per page. And that's a way that you can embed. The discussion with your folks, like definition of done and acceptance criteria with the designers and developers and start to make them part of the discussion and challenge them with them with this. And that should be something that excites them as well.
[00:32:58] Antonia Landi Yeah, I think for my side to add to that, like honestly, if you're really serious about this, make it a prioritization metric. Just like everything else, right? You, we talk about complexity, we talk about the size of the problem space, we talk about the projected ARR, right? If you've identified a really exciting new feature that might make you a million in ARR, and was terrible for the planet, are you still committing to doing that? And I think it is. We do have to retain a certain pragmatic approach in that everything's a trade off. Some things you might identify as an organization. We do not want to compromise on the specific part of the user experience, but we're going to do our best to do everything else everywhere else, right? It is right. It's not about despairing. It's not about we're doing everything wrong. It's really just about educating yourself, understanding your trade offs and then making them a reality, right? Like embedding them in the product management process, right? This is the future we've planned. This is how it's going to positively or negatively affect our climate bottom line.
[00:34:14] Gaël Duez We mentioned OKR. We mentioned how it needs to be ritualized in the definition of dawn, etcetera. I have a low ball for you because I'm still struggling with this one. And don't get me wrong. It's already super hard to get a key results around carbon budget, page weight, carbon footprint, you name it, whatever, but we know that if you're a frontend, I would say product manager and I'm struggling to find a proper key result that could be connected to an overall sustainably objective about how we make sure that we do not contribute to technical obsolescence.
[00:35:02] Antonia Landi I think the perfect one is going to be difficult, but off the top of my head I would probably more likely look at the percentage of people included or excluded if you move up, let's say an iOS version, or if you move up a certain OS requirement and then it becomes about inclusivity as well, right? It becomes about how many people on the planet can use your product. And at that point, I don't know why people aren't thinking about this more, right? Like I used to work at the startup here in Berlin that had a fitness app and they purposefully wanted to exclude older versions because that was like a more premium thing now. Our app is only for people with new phones, right? But I think I would rather think about the percentage, right? Set a target percentage for the cement of people on the planet who can use our app rather than set specific targets for near specific versions, for example.
[00:36:09] François Burra Yeah, we tend to agree. I think we can look at versions being like, Oh, I covered the five latest versions of this OS and maybe I could go to five or like six or seven or eight, ten, right? Or we can just be a bit more diligent and thoughtful about, okay, who are our users? Like, how are they distributed amongst OS and versions and so on and so forth. And then, with this kind of idea, like percentage in mind and distribution in mind. Then we can, if we are delivering a good experience and we can be more specific about defining good for each company. But if we only cover a good experience for like 90% of our users, how can we make sure that the 10% others are also, even if they're run on old OS or equipment, then they can have the best version of the app. And if they can, because the device itself cannot support the most flashy features that you offer to the latest iPhone, then how you degrade or adapt rather the experience so that they could do everything that they need to do, but maybe in a more streamlined and minimalist way again, and I will go even beyond and that may be in the sense that by designing our software, we exclude people from the get go. So how can we go even by making our app or product even more accessible? We can increase our target market, right? Because suddenly if let's say we support a bank application, support transactions by SMS or by text messages, right? How much more we can unlock new customers and acquire a new target audience, right? So I think we also have to see the opportunities and not just be constrained by existing users. Let's think about non users as well.
[00:38:02] Gaël Duez I'm very relieved François because I was afraid I was once again about to make a lecture on the survival bias and the fact that countlessly people were telling me this is our audiences is what we should focus on and I'm what was always like, you know, the survival by years, the plane, blah, blah, blah, World War II anyway, is there any one last darling best practices that you love to share, whether it's about culture, whether it's about onboarding your CEO. You name it.
[00:38:30] Antonia Landi I mean, for me, like again, it's this ecosystem thinking, right? Like it's not just the digital products we build, it's how we build them. And, this is such a stupid example, but do you have oat milk or do you have almond milk in your office? Right? Like it takes a huge amount of water to produce an almond, which you then squeeze desperately trying to get something akin to milk for your vegan and lactose intolerant friends. What do you have? Reusable cups? Or do you have mugs? Where does the recycling go? Like even at this workshop I was giving a talk on sustainability and there was nowhere to recycle my paper cup. And that was awful to me. And it's just these little details that make up the entire environment of how we produce digital products that matters.
[00:39:31] François Burra Yeah, absolutely. As for me, I think as we stated at the beginning of this talk we have an issue right now that this is still the best kept secret, right? Like the impact of sustainability of digital products on the sustainability of the environment and the planet. So let's get people talking. There's plenty of people that care about this topic, and the more you dive in, the more experts you discover, and there's experts on sustainability everywhere around the world. So please invite some local folks to do talks at your company, and do a workshop about the environment like there is the digital collage that probably has folks around you that can come and speak about the interconnection between climate and sustainable products, digital products. Sorry. So I really started making this topic more broadly talked about. And maybe one thing that I really want to put a focus on by making your product emitting less emissions by using the least amount of energy you will get a product that will be faster that would perform better if you have an e-commerce platform, it would convert better as well, because the experience would be so smooth, regardless of the design, the device and the user satisfaction would be higher. Retention would be higher. And so suddenly with those product benefits that we're kind of starting to line up together, then they materialize into business benefits because your product will be differentiated. You would increase your margin. You will increase revenue. You would acquire more users, as we just said before. And considering the newest generation like the Gen Z and so on and so forth, they were raised and they are being raised with eco anxiety, so if your brand doesn't care about climate or he's using leveraging greenwashing tactics, it's likely that they probably some of them at least would not like to work for you. So from a talent attraction and retention standpoint as well as customer traction and retention, like climate needs to be part of your strategy. Like all jobs is a climate job and all companies are climate companies because you don't live in a bubble. We live on the same earth, right? So that's really something that I would love people to understand. We're not just like a pure environmentalist, you know, eating grass and feeding yourself with sun, right? There are ways that you can have the right value and serve your career, serve your business, serve your product and your users better.
[00:42:02] Gaël Duez One last question before we close the podcast. So we talked a lot about tactics at product management levels. We talked about OKR. We talked about the carbon budget. We talked about using some key results, the weight making sure that you can use your apps or your products on multiple equipment platforms. There is still something that I believe is related to what you said about leveraging your influence because product managers tend to have quite a lot of influence within a company. And it's how do you pitch your boss? How do you pitch your CEO? And, you've stated both of you that the sustainability momentum is getting traction, but it's not that big yet. And let's be honest, it's usually not among top business people that it's the biggest. And when you start traveling outside some places, you discover places where it's just simply not there at all. So how do you pitch your boss and do we always have this fight or this competition between sustainability in business and here I would like to set apart an unsustainable business model. Obviously, if you are drilling for more oil and that you have no transition plan and that you want 2 100 to do exactly the same business. You can build the cleanest possible digital products IT stack, et cetera. You've got a bigger issue than just this very specific part of your activity, but for, I would say regular economic activities, is it that much tension between sustainability of business?
[00:43:41] Antonia Landi I mean, I think I'd go back to what François just said, right? Like it's actually just good business practice. You don't have to lead with sustainability, lead with lower costs, right? Client computing, especially like that, is always a huge bill. Lead with improved UX, right? Lead with more people who can use our product. And then by the way, this also means that we're lowering our footprint. By the way, this also means that we are now more mindful of what we store and how much we store and where we store it. And I've had to do this a lot doing, like, trying to get traction for mission important things under the guise of something else. But it's really just learning to speak the language that will resonate the most with your CEO, with your CTO, right? Getting that buy in and you can do it on such a small scale. You can do it for one feature, right? You can do it for, I don't know, the next AWS migration, because it's going to come sooner or later. I think almost using these valid business benefits as a Trojan horse to get people into the habit of thinking this way. And then honestly, before you know it, it is part of your culture.
[00:45:03] François Burra Antonia said it perfectly. I don't know what I can add to it, but choose the right metrics that can resonate with them. Because like, as we know sustainable product best practices can really feed into many areas and avoid moralizing. Like no one wants to be on the wrong side of an argument and create for more. There's so many examples that we didn't share today, but like big companies and smaller ones that are doing great things in that area. So look at what's happening around them and create for more, because maybe your competitor is actually starting to implement those practices. And suddenly, people will start to freak out because they're like, okay, they're doing it. So we should do it. And also waves a bit of the flag of some climate risks that come with it. There's a lot of regulation in Europe. There's not that many in North America and we need those to come like GDPR. It just came in a wave and suddenly everyone adapted to it. And so there's also that part of the equation that maybe it would resonate better with some people. And we don't want just negative doom and gloom, but you know, you need to approach benefits, opportunities, and risks to be part of this question. So I think we have many tools basically to be able to convey that point. And as you said, Antonia, if sustainability isn't even part of the discussion, be my guest that's also perfectly fine.
[00:46:21] Gaël Duez So thanks François , because there were a lot of tips. Fear of missing out is pretty cool. Climate risk and fear of regulation is pretty cool as well. I think finding the right allies is so true. I mean, it really depends on some companies. That's so true that your CFO will be your best friend or the ESG director will be or sustainably director will be your best friend. So that's a very good point. My last question before asking the traditional closing question will be, do you need that much permission to become a climate active product manager?
[00:46:54] François Burra If I may start on this one, Antonia, it's kind of interesting because I'm giving training at the moment. And the 2 assignments that I give to my fellows are 1 looking at the playbook and the 33 best practices in the playbook and looking at the ones they can implement without permission. And the one they can implement and sometimes it's either there may be, they can influence both implement and influence, and sometimes they can only want to do one of them. So absolutely there's so many things that you can do that are part of your job and you don't need the approval of anyone. And the second assignment that I give to them is how to pitch them internally, which is what we just talked about. And basically helping them to create a slide deck to pitch this topic internally and see how we can be tied to the strategy of the company. So yeah, it's just so on point.
[00:47:45] Gaël Duez So you can say to your students, no need to use ChatGPT, just listen to the latest Green IO episode and you'll get a good grade. And what about you, Antonia?
[00:47:57] Antonia Landi Yeah. I mean, I'm all for asking for forgiveness rather than asking for permission. Even in product management, like there's so many of us that wouldn't be able to get to do the things we really want to do. Like, God forbid actually speak to some customers, right? You just need to find different ways of doing it. And like I say, use a Trojan horse if you need to go find it to get your job done without having to ask and don't even let anyone know. Right? Like once you have a strong enough case, that's when you can go talk about it. That's when you can go and say that, by the way, I've actually been doing this for the last month and it hasn't disrupted anything. So why don't we do this for all teams?I'm a huge, huge fan of this approach.
[00:48:46] Gaël Duez Thanks a lot. I love this approach as well. I'd like to ask you the final closing question, which is, would you share a positive piece of news regarding sustainability, maybe even sustainably in the IT sector?
[00:49:01] Antonia Landi Actually for me, the positive news is that this podcast is happening, that we're having this conversation, that I now got to know a whole other person who is so passionate about this topic. And I think this is the biggest marker of future success for me, because I think the more people talk about this, the more people with a meaningful voice talk about this and share really specific, actionable, real world strategies, the sooner we can get to a place where this is no longer a niche subject.
[00:49:45] François Burra I wish. That's all I wish for your podcast. I think my positive news will be in the same sense of what Antonia just said, I think two years back, because I admit by pivot, like not long ago in all respect, you know, like it was two, three years ago. When I talked about it, I was the only one, like, especially if I talk about my context in Montreal, Canada or North America, like when I talk about climate and products, people were just looking at me like, what are you talking about? But now, people reach out to me so that I talk about this topic and it's only my personal story. But I see that the momentum is shifting in North America. Like there's more lights shining on this topic. And before I had to push the topic everywhere so that maybe someone will pick up on it and talk about it, agree to talk to me about it. Now people reach out to me to talk about this topic. And I would hope and I would assume that is the same thing for many other person in that ecosystem, which I think just shows and demonstrate that there there is a momentum happening and that the awareness is slowly picking up and hopefully with the awareness, people will start taking action, which is at the end of the day, what we what we need because t o come back to your introduction, like we need to start acting now and not tomorrow.
[00:51:05] Gaël Duez Thanks. It's great to see this momentum indeed. It was really cool to have you on the show today. There's very practical insights. I mean, I guess there are a lot of constants to be extracted by anyone working in the product management field. So I would say mission accomplished. Congratulations to both of you and I'm looking forward to continuing our discussion offline.
[00:51:30] Antonia Landi It was lovely being here. Thank you for the invitation.
[00:51:33] François Burra Thank you, Gaël. And great to meet you, Antonia. I think we have many more discussions to have together.
[00:51:38] Antonia Landi Absolutely | eng | 340de753-da6b-4c28-a2c4-e5c9d694298e | https://podcloud.fr/podcast/greenio/episode/numero-37-how-to-be-a-climate-conscious-product-manager-with-antonia-landi-and-francois-burra |
12 Easiest-to-grow Succulent Varieties For Beginners
You love growing but don't have any experience to take care of plants. Think about succulents! Succulents are easy-to-grow plants with low maintenance, they grow slowly and need very little watering. That is the reason they are perfect for beginners. Here are the 12 Easiest-to-grow Succulent Varieties For Beginners that you can start your own garden without much care and effort. They grow well both indoors and outdoors. Plus, they are so pretty!
There are many different types of succulents that can suitable for your favorite. Some can be grown in containers, pots, or baskets, and then hang or placed anywhere in your house such as windowsill, a living room corner, kitchen window, or anywhere. Others display their beauty outdoors. To make them really eye-catching, you can mix different types together. In addition, you can add many things in these containers like driftwood and stones, they will make a succulent container garden really beautiful and interesting. No matter how you mix they will be a great combination.
#1 Echeveria
Source: Gardeningknowhow
Echeveria does well outdoor. It requires low watering, fewer nutrients, and will even thrive on an extended period of neglect
#2 Aloe
Source: Almanac
Aloe just needs water when the soil turns dry and keeps them in a bright spot.
#3 Snake Plant
Source: Ladypenelopes
Snake Plant can remain healthy for weeks without care and grows well in dim lighting.
#4 Agave
Source: Thespruce
Agave can survive well in full sun to partial shade. Also, they are drought tolerant and love well-draining soil.
#5 Haworthia
Source: Littleprinceplants
Haworthia is hardier than other succulents and can survive in low light. They just need to get enough water for the best growth.
#6 Gasteria
Source: British Cactus and Succulent Society
Gasteria thrives in fast-draining soil and bright, indirect sunlight.
#7 Crassula
Source: Waitrosegarden
All types of Crassula are easy to grow and do not need watering too often. They go dormant and need scarcer watering on hot summer days.
#8 Sempervivum
Source: Littleprinceplants
Sempervivum thrives on neglect so you can grow it anywhere you like, easily.
#9 Kalanchoe
Source: Gardenloversclub
Kalanchoe grows well for a few weeks without getting water that makes it very easy to maintain.
#10 Adromischus
Source: Aplanter
Adromischus can grow easily without getting much water as the hairy texture helps in holding moisture and prevents the plant from drying.
#11 Sedum
Source: Southernliving
Sedum will grow with a little effort. Give it full sun when you grow to see a visual delight from the orange-red highlights of the plant | eng | 0f9e546c-edda-4820-a910-850694824e75 | https://cnaonlinenews.com/12-easiest-to-grow-succulent-varieties-for-beginners/ |
Our specialist course materials
Your course requires a B2 ELE book and an Activity book. The ELE book covers 4 courses (levels 11 to 14) and we have a separate Activity book for each level. ELE book should be purchased after your first lesson. For help on where to purchase the book,іHola! I am Alba and I am from León, a small and beautiful city in the Northwest of Spain.
I have studied two degrees at the University of León (Spanish language and literature & English language and literature) and also a Master's degree in teaching Spanish to both native and foreign students (QTS – Qualified Teacher Status). I have also worked for several institutions such as the University of Greenwich.
I am a passionate and enthusiastic teacher who is very willing to teach you some Spanish! And of course not only the language but also some of our culture.
I use the communicative approach in my classes and I try to make them as funny as possible! I truly believe learning does not have to be boring and I also try to break down complicated concepts to simple examples that you are able to understand course forms part four of the Upper Intermediate B2 syllabus.
It's a 20 hour course during which you | eng | a71eb2ff-4acf-46f0-b05d-813b0d663cf7 | https://portal.letslearnspanish.co.uk/course/level-14-upper-intermediate-10-week-course-thursday-14-july-to-15-september-2022-645pm-845pm-uk-time/ |