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77,037,288
4,994,337
How does numpy.array choose default data type?
<p>The <code>numpy.array()</code> function seems to behave rather strangely when some numbers in the order of <code>2**64</code> are involved and no data type is specified. Can anyone explain this behavior? Is it a bug or is it expected?</p> <pre><code>$ python3 Python 3.10.8 (main, Nov 30 2022, 10:05:23) [GCC 4.8.5 ...
<python><arrays><numpy><types>
2023-09-04 11:19:47
1
579
PieterNuyts
77,037,112
12,415,855
Text from dt-tag is not outputted?
<p>i try to get a text from a website using the following code:</p> <pre><code>import time import os from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service if __name__ == '__main__': os.environ['WDM_LOG'...
<python><selenium-webdriver><beautifulsoup>
2023-09-04 10:49:25
1
1,515
Rapid1898
77,036,990
13,100,938
How do you ensure Dataflow Pipeline synchronicity in Apache Beam?
<p>The Dataflow pipeline I've written ingests data that has been published synchronously. The order of this data does not matter, but it is published every second.</p> <p>I need to output the result of the pipeline synchronously too, but at the moment I'm seeing inconsistent delays between the outputs of the pipeline.<...
<python><google-cloud-platform><google-cloud-firestore><google-cloud-dataflow><apache-beam>
2023-09-04 10:32:37
0
2,023
Joe Moore
77,036,960
710,955
How do I get the page URL of a wiki page with mwclient?
<p>I'm using <a href="https://github.com/mwclient/mwclient" rel="nofollow noreferrer">mwclient</a> and I want to get the URL of the page loaded.</p> <pre><code>import mwclient site = mwclient.Site('fr.wikipedia.org') page = site.Pages['Curling aux Jeux olympiques de 2022'] </code></pre> <p>Is it possible to get the url...
<python><wikipedia><wikipedia-api><mwclient>
2023-09-04 10:27:52
0
5,809
LeMoussel
77,036,837
9,516,820
How to select only certain div elements in a list of div elements with selenium
<p>I have a list of divs as follows</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/xIsGx.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/xIsGx.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>From the list of divs given below, I only want to extract certain data from divs between <code>data-index=3</code> an...
<python><html><selenium-webdriver><xpath>
2023-09-04 10:08:41
2
972
Sashaank
77,036,672
6,458,245
Post-trained TransformerEncoder model is nondeterministic?
<p>I don't understand why running my model which is a single transformer encoder layer is deterministic but after I train it, it becomes non deterministic?</p> <pre><code>import torch from torch import nn import torch.optim as optim class MyModel(nn.Module): def __init__(self): super().__init__() se...
<python><pytorch>
2023-09-04 09:45:15
1
2,356
JobHunter69
77,036,669
17,561,414
Databricks Autoloader writing stream
<p>I have multiple tables (csv files per table) loaded in azure datalake and would like to use autoloader to load everytable in Databricks Delta table.</p> <p>I have a python code where I use the <code>for loop</code> to create the schema per table, create the <code>df</code> and then <code>writeStream</code> the <code...
<python><for-loop><spark-streaming><azure-databricks><databricks-autoloader>
2023-09-04 09:44:27
1
735
Greencolor
77,036,640
4,268,976
Django Celery Beat Periodic Tasks Running Twice
<p>I trying to send scheduled emails to users but my Django celery periodic tasks running 2 times within a half-hour span. Every day I scheduled my email task at 7.00 AM but it is running 1st task at 7.00 AM and the same task is running at 7.30 AM also.</p> <p>Here is my celery app</p> <pre><code># coding=utf-8 from __...
<python><django><celery><django-celery><django-celery-beat>
2023-09-04 09:40:16
0
4,122
NIKHIL RANE
77,036,411
22,496,572
PyTorch matrix multiplication does not respect slicing
<p>I got to this by having to batch long inputs for transfomer models, noticing difference between batched and non-batched results. I finally isolated the first discrepancy I noticed, resulting in the following:</p> <pre><code>import torch n = 20 vec = torch.rand(n, 20) a = torch.rand(30, 20) for i in range(1, n+1):...
<python><pytorch><precision><huggingface-transformers><torch>
2023-09-04 09:03:40
1
371
Sasha
77,036,406
1,652,219
Pandas queries to SQL queries (Python equivalent to R's dplyr)
<h2>Question</h2> <p>At my company people would like to build dataframe/table queries in Python as the Python syntax is often much more clear and easier to work with than SQL queries as you can chain together your operations.</p> <p>In <strong>R</strong> it easy to translate between R dataframe operations and SQL becau...
<python><sql><pandas><dplyr><translate>
2023-09-04 09:02:57
0
3,944
Esben Eickhardt
77,036,375
9,261,322
When to call subprocess.communicate()?
<p>I run a process and read the first line from <code>stderr</code> and check exit code:</p> <pre><code>import subprocess p = subprocess.Popen(['time', '-p', 'ls'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) print(p.stderr.readline().decode('utf-8')) streamdata = p.communicate()[0] print(f'exitcode: {p.returncode}...
<python>
2023-09-04 08:58:19
0
4,405
Alexey Starinsky
77,036,354
11,329,736
Run command when creating Conda environment with Snakemake
<p>I am using <code>snakemake</code> to run a workflow. One of my rules uses the following <code>yaml</code> file to create the <code>Conda</code> env:</p> <pre><code>name: macs2 channels: - conda-forge - bioconda - defaults dependencies: - macs2=2.2.9.1 - homer=4.11 </code></pre> <p>For the <code>homer</cod...
<python><conda><snakemake><virtual-environment>
2023-09-04 08:55:08
1
1,095
justinian482
77,036,229
20,830,264
trying to install label-studio with Python
<p>I'm trying to install label-studio library following the web-site information: <a href="https://labelstud.io/guide/install" rel="nofollow noreferrer">enter link description here</a></p> <p>In particular I'm using the following commands:</p> <pre><code>pip install label-studio --user </code></pre> <p>The module is co...
<python><pip><python-venv><label-studio>
2023-09-04 08:32:57
1
315
Gregory
77,036,214
535,009
Running python Flask app with maven-like folder structure on Google Cloud Run
<p>How to configure Google Cloud Run to be able to run (via <code>gcloud run deploy</code>) a python Flask app with the following source code structure?</p> <pre><code>root │ ├── src │ └── app │ └── main.py │ ├── Dockerfile └── requirements.txt </code></pre>
<python><flask><google-cloud-run>
2023-09-04 08:30:44
1
533
St.
77,036,213
8,278,075
Make only one value to be a unique shape in Altair point graph?
<p>I'm using Altair to make a point graph where all the shapes are the same (circle) for each stock value except for one (let's say diamond).</p> <p>In this dataset I want the stock symbol for &quot;V&quot; to be a unique shape.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>ratio_df = pd.DataFrame(data={ &quot;...
<python><dataframe><altair>
2023-09-04 08:30:33
1
3,365
engineer-x
77,036,059
12,415,855
os.isdir not working on Mac after create executeable with pyinstaller?
<p>i try to check the existing files and folders using the following code:</p> <pre><code>import os, sys path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])) listFiles = [x for x in os.listdir(path)] existDirs = [x for x in os.listdir(path) if os.path.isdir(x)] print(path) print(listFiles) print(existDirs) </code></...
<python><macos><pyinstaller>
2023-09-04 08:04:37
1
1,515
Rapid1898
77,035,987
5,953,720
Why do I need to convert to_numpy() otherwise loc assignment does not work?
<p>I am using <a href="https://github.com/subashgandyer/datasets/blob/main/Real%20estate.csv" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this csv</a>.</p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd import numpy as np real_estate = pd.read_csv('real_estate.csv',index_col=0) buckets = pd.cut(real_estate['X2 house age'],4,labels=False) for i in ra...
<python><pandas><numpy><categorization><discretization>
2023-09-04 07:54:09
2
1,517
Allexj
77,035,955
8,930,751
Find the first occurrence of the specific attribute in list of dictionaries - python
<p>I have a similar dataset</p> <pre><code>dataset = [ { 'Country': 'GB', 'Pollutant': 'SO2', 'Pollution': 10 }, { 'Country': 'AL', 'Pollutant': 'O3', 'Pollution': 10, 'Year': 2015 }, { 'Country': 'BE', 'Pollutant': 'SO2', ...
<python><python-3.x><dictionary><iterator>
2023-09-04 07:48:35
6
2,416
CrazyCoder
77,035,950
2,066,215
Segmentation fault opening Calc spreadsheet
<p>I need to crunch a Calc spreadsheet composed of many individual sheets. The Wiki has a detailed <a href="https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Macros/Python_Guide/Documents#Open" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Python guide</a> that I am following. I installed the <code>libreoffice-script-provider-python</code> package and ...
<python><libreoffice><libreoffice-calc><uno><pyuno>
2023-09-04 07:46:50
1
7,000
Luís de Sousa
77,035,931
9,261,322
Strange garbage in subprocess.stderr
<p>Why does the following Python script</p> <pre><code>import subprocess p = subprocess.Popen(['time', 'ls'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) print(p.stderr.readline().decode('utf-8')) </code></pre> <p>outputs the following:</p> <pre><code>0.00user 0.00system 0:00.00elapsed 91%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 226...
<python><python-3.x><ubuntu>
2023-09-04 07:43:13
1
4,405
Alexey Starinsky
77,035,785
12,000,021
Problem with the initial value in optimization problem
<p>I have formulated the following problem that tries to minimize the cost of imported energy by controlling a battery:</p> <pre><code>import pyomo.environ as pyo def self_consumption(pv, demand, prices): pv.index = np.arange(1, len(pv) + 1) demand.index = np.arange(1, len(demand) + 1) prices.index = np.a...
<python><optimization><pyomo>
2023-09-04 07:21:13
1
428
Kosmylo
77,035,775
8,353,711
How to set default value of nested pydantic schema field
<p>I was trying to set the default value to the nested field of Pydantic model(generated by <a href="https://koxudaxi.github.io/datamodel-code-generator/" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>datamodel-codegen</code></a> from below JSON data)</p> <p>Using Pydantic V2</p> <p>JSON data:</p> <pre><code>{ &quot;name&quot;: ...
<python><pydantic>
2023-09-04 07:18:46
2
5,588
shaik moeed
77,035,555
1,722,380
pytest does not honor pytest.ini
<pre><code> tree . ├── app │   ├── __init__.py │   ├── app.py │   └── inner │   └── __init__.py ├── pytest.ini └── tests ├── __init__.py └── test_app.py </code></pre> <p>pytest.init contents</p> <pre><code>[pytest] markers = exception </code></pre> <p>test case</p> <pre><code>@pytest.mark.exception(sock...
<python><pytest><fixtures>
2023-09-04 06:39:49
0
2,192
Łukasz
77,035,238
10,431,629
Reading Data in Pandas from Excel File separated with different segments
<p>I have an excel file which looks like this :</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/IZElr.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/IZElr.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>I want to read the file into multiple data frames based on the flags like here :</p> <p>DataEx1, DataEx2 ...
<python><pandas><excel><dataframe><split>
2023-09-04 05:23:46
1
884
Stan
77,035,204
13,916,049
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'cat'
<p>For each <code>GENE_SYMBOLS</code> column of a dataframe, merge the rows and retain only unique comma-separated or dash-separated values. After merging the values of each row into a list, obtain only the unique values.</p> <pre><code>geneset = pd.read_csv(&quot;genesets.v2023.1.Hs.tsv&quot;, sep=&quot;\t&quot;, inde...
<python><pandas>
2023-09-04 05:12:39
3
1,545
Anon
77,034,930
12,595,487
zsh: command not found: psql in mac terminal
<p>I've got this error when I type 'psql' in my terminal : &quot;<code>zsh: command not found: psql</code>&quot;.</p> <p>i only got this when I open <code>~/.zshrc</code> :</p> <ul> <li><code>export PATH=$PATH:/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions</code></li> </ul> <p>I've installed postgresql version 11-15 on m...
<python><postgresql><zsh><psql>
2023-09-04 03:28:27
1
657
Asyraf
77,034,768
6,017,248
Web scraping multiple paragraphs in an Arabic website that has <p> and <font> HTML elements
<h1>Context</h1> <p>I have been doing this small web scraping project to practice and polish my coding skills. I had an idea that I could preserve some of my grandpa's work and save it somewhere and keep up his legacy in the future when it doesn't exist anymore on the site. So I'm doing my part where I can do what I ca...
<python><html><web-scraping><urllib>
2023-09-04 02:14:11
2
398
Zeid Tisnes
77,034,675
21,575,627
Finding the minimum cost for 'm' compatible elements for group 1 and group 2 (algorithm)
<p>Here is a problem statement. I recently had an interview question regarding this:</p> <blockquote> <p>given arrays compatible1, compatible2, and cost of length n &gt;= 1. cost[i] represents the cost of element i. the respective compatible[i] == 1 if compatible with that group and 0 otherwise. also given min_compatib...
<python><algorithm><set><heap><disjoint-sets>
2023-09-04 01:17:12
1
1,279
user129393192
77,034,664
3,654,852
Call a defined function in lambda in Python
<p>I am trying to understand the mechanics of user defined functions (UDF) and the difference that using a lambda function makes when creating a new column in a dataframes, based on multiple conditions across all rows in two more more columns.</p> <p>I tried a few different ways, but only some of it works. I'd like to ...
<python><dataframe><lambda>
2023-09-04 01:11:22
0
803
user3654852
77,034,517
5,953,720
Why does loc adds a NaN row in my Pandas Dataframe?
<p>I am using <a href="https://github.com/subashgandyer/datasets/blob/main/Real%20estate.csv" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this csv</a>.</p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd import numpy as np real_estate = pd.read_csv('real_estate.csv',index_col=0) buckets = pd.cut(real_estate['X2 house age'],4,labels=False).to_numpy() ...
<python><pandas><numpy><categorization><discretization>
2023-09-03 23:56:30
1
1,517
Allexj
77,034,494
219,153
Small value artifacts from applying scipy.signal.convolve
<p>This Python 3.11.5 script:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np from skimage.io import imread from scipy.signal import convolve image = np.flipud(imread('conv-test.bmp').astype(np.float32)) con = convolve(image, np.ones((3, 3))/9, mode='valid') print(image.min()) print(np.logical_and(image &gt; 0, image &lt; 1).any())...
<python><numpy><scipy><convolution>
2023-09-03 23:40:53
1
8,585
Paul Jurczak
77,034,404
21,183,551
jsonbin API problems with Swift
<p>I'm building a little app that talks to the <a href="https://jsonbin.io" rel="nofollow noreferrer">jsonbin</a> API with Alamofire. Their API docs cover using Python to &quot;put&quot; or &quot;update&quot; the JSON file data extensively in Python. I'm working on doing that in Swift 5.</p> <p>My problem is when I at...
<python><json><swift><alamofire><alamofire5>
2023-09-03 22:48:10
1
641
Ars_Codicis
77,034,126
2,743,931
Python setup.py with src directory
<p>I have a simple project folder which looks like this:</p> <pre><code>. ├── setup.py ├── src ├── __init__.py └── pricing_functions.py </code></pre> <p>and I want to make it an installable package.</p> <p>What I <em>want</em> is to have the package named <code>pricer</code> and have the actual code taken from ...
<python><python-import><setuptools><setup.py><python-packaging>
2023-09-03 20:49:16
0
312
user2743931
77,034,027
6,653,602
How to update where the files are stored in Django app
<p>I have a Django app that contains multiple models with FileField. I am saving by default every file directly in the Media folder. But as the app grew larger also Media folder became bigger. Now my idea is to move the files into separate folders split by models. So I am wondering what is the best practice when it com...
<python><django>
2023-09-03 20:13:41
1
3,918
Alex T
77,033,994
11,686,518
Column-wise sum of nested list
<p>Is there a more pythonic or more simple way to accomplish this?</p> <p>I am taking the column-wise sum of items in a nested list. I have a working example but I'm sure nested loops are not the way to do. There has to be something, maybe in NumPy or something, that already does this?</p> <p>So it's the sum of the fir...
<python><python-3.x><numpy><nested-lists>
2023-09-03 20:04:30
1
1,633
Jesse Sealand
77,033,934
12,300,981
How to convert a 3D plot into a 2D filled contour
<p>I have a 3D plot that looks quite nice, and I'd like to convert this to a 2D filled contour plot, but I'm not quite sure how to do that. Here is my setup</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import numpy as np from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure() ...
<python><arrays><numpy><matplotlib><contourf>
2023-09-03 19:45:21
0
623
samman
77,033,858
12,461,032
Cannot install stellargraph
<p>I am trying to install <a href="https://stellargraph.readthedocs.io/en/stable/README.html#installation" rel="nofollow noreferrer">stellargraph</a> package. I created a new conda environment with python 3.6 and tried to install it with <code>pip install stellargraph</code> but when I try to write <code>import stellar...
<python><conda><stellargraph>
2023-09-03 19:24:21
1
472
m0ss
77,033,850
913,098
setting a multi index does not allow access using .loc?
<pre><code>import pandas as pd df = pd.DataFrame({&quot;a&quot;: [1, 2, 3], &quot;b&quot;: [4, 5, 6]}) empty_row_index = (&quot;zero_scan&quot;) empty_row_df = pd.DataFrame({c: [None] for c in df.columns}) empty_row_df.index = [empty_row_index] df2 = pd.concat([empty_row_df, df])result = df2.loc[df2.index[0], :] </code...
<python><pandas><dataframe><multi-index>
2023-09-03 19:22:50
1
28,697
Gulzar
77,033,740
425,895
What's the difference between astype("category), categorical() and factorize()?
<p>Python offers many ways to convert a variable to categorical.</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np import pandas as pd mydata = pd.Series(['A', 'B', 'B', 'C']) mydata 0 A 1 B 2 B 3 C dtype: object pd.factorize(mydata) # Outputs a tuple with an array and an index (array([0, 1, 1, 2], dtype=int64), Index([...
<python><pandas><categorical-data>
2023-09-03 18:44:45
2
7,790
skan
77,033,675
1,020,139
Why does `pip3 install lxml` on public.ecr.aws/lambda/python:3.11 install a source distribution rather than a (manylinux) wheel?
<p>I'm curious to understand why <code>pip3</code> @ <code>public.ecr.aws/lambda/python:3.11</code> (Python v3.11.4) downloads and install the source distribution of <code>lxml</code> instead of downloading the seemingly compatible manylinux wheel <code>lxml-4.9.3-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl</code>?</p> <p><...
<python><linux><pip><python-poetry><python-wheel>
2023-09-03 18:26:27
1
14,560
Shuzheng
77,033,643
6,440,589
Converting from local time to UTC in pandas
<p>I am working with pandas dataframes containing local (Chilean) dates and times, <em>e.g.</em>:</p> <div class="s-table-container"> <table class="s-table"> <thead> <tr> <th>local_time</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>2/9/2023 23:33</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2/9/2023 23:39</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3/9/2023 1:00</td> </tr> <t...
<python><pandas><datetime><dst>
2023-09-03 18:18:11
1
4,770
Sheldon
77,033,528
22,466,650
Why can't we use a fill_value when reshaping a dataframe (array)?
<p>I have this dataframe :</p> <pre><code>df = pd.DataFrame([list(&quot;ABCDEFGHIJ&quot;)]) ​ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 A B C D E F G H I J </code></pre> <p>I got an error when trying to reshape the dataframe/array :</p> <pre><code>np.reshape(df, (-1, 3)) </code></pre> <p><strong>ValueError: cannot re...
<python><pandas><numpy>
2023-09-03 17:46:29
2
1,085
VERBOSE
77,033,496
4,681,060
Model returns multiple values during inference, but expected is exactly one output value
<p>I have a tf model of given summary:</p> <pre><code>Model: &quot;model&quot; Layer (type) Output Shape Param # input_1 (InputLayer) [(None, 1024, 9)] 0 conv1d (Conv1D) (None, 1024, 1024) 28672 re_lu (ReLU) (None, 1024, 10...
<python><tensorflow><conv-neural-network>
2023-09-03 17:35:40
0
6,442
Krzysztof Cichocki
77,033,384
6,929,467
Pytest MonkeyPatch
<p>I am trying to patch <code>PyMongoClient</code> that has multiple nested commands that need to be patched.</p> <p>One example would be instantiating the <code>PyMongoClient</code> (i.e. <code>client = PyMongoClient().db</code> then doing a command like <code>client.command('ping)</code></p> <p>Here is an example of ...
<python><mongodb><pytest>
2023-09-03 17:10:49
1
2,720
innicoder
77,033,348
2,678,074
How to find directory in realtion to Pycharm project root?
<p>I simply created a new project in Pycharm, and added directory <em>cfg</em> to it. I simply want to check in my <em>main.py</em> if in fact, my <em>cfg</em> directory is where it supposed to be, just want to check if hierarhy of my projest from within python (i wrote in pycharm, but it may be my code will be exporte...
<python><path><pycharm>
2023-09-03 17:03:02
2
845
user2678074
77,033,163
15,673,147
What's the difference about using Langchain's Retrieval with .from_llm or defining LLMChain?
<p>In the documentation, I've seen two patterns of construction and I'm a bit confused about the difference between both. I don't know if there's any actual difference or if just the same thing in different approach.</p> <p>Example 1 (using .from_llm):</p> <pre><code>model = ChatOpenAI(model_name=&quot;gpt-3.5-turbo&qu...
<python><openai-api><information-retrieval><langchain><large-language-model>
2023-09-03 16:11:50
2
343
Guilherme Giuliano Nicolau
77,032,964
7,169,895
Coroutine does not run on button click in Pyside6
<p>I am trying to run a coroutine which gets data on a button click. It uses <code>aiohttp</code> to get the data. The button is decorated with <code>@asyncSlot()</code> from <code>qasync</code> However, when I click the button, nothing happens, not even a print statement. I do not think the asyncio examples <a href="h...
<python><python-asyncio><pyside6>
2023-09-03 15:24:00
1
786
David Frick
77,032,789
1,856,357
Is it safe to set `out=a` in `np.compress`?
<p>Let's say I want to compress some subset of a large numpy array along the first dimension, here's an arbitrary example:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>a = np.random.normal(size=(100_000, 5)) subset = (np.sum(a, axis=1) &gt; 0) a_compressed = a.compress(subset, axis=0) </code></pre> <p>Sadly this...
<python><numpy>
2023-09-03 14:37:12
0
304
Timon Knigge
77,032,773
310,370
!source venv/bin/activate not working in a Kaggle notebook any ideas?
<p>I generated venv with below command</p> <pre><code>!python3 -m venv venv </code></pre> <p>Activated it with below command</p> <pre><code>!source venv/bin/activate </code></pre> <p>But it is not working. How do I know?</p> <p>When I do <code>!pip freeze</code> it shows the entire notebook not the activated <code>venv...
<python><conda><kaggle>
2023-09-03 14:33:47
1
23,982
Furkan Gözükara
77,032,768
1,334,761
PIL saving as a PNG loses ICC profile
<p>I have a JPEG image (which unfortunately I cannot share here) which I'm trying to re-save as PNG, while maintaining its color profile:</p> <pre><code>from PIL import Image import numpy as np pil_img = Image.open(path_to_jpeg) # Some processing on the image... np_img = np.array(pil_img) Image.fromarray(np_img).save(...
<python><image-processing><python-imaging-library><png><color-profile>
2023-09-03 14:31:39
1
11,484
Jjang
77,032,661
18,020,941
Django keeps running migrations without changes made
<p>I am creating a custom model field. It basically a one-level dictionary field which allows you to store model-subfields in a JSON manner in the database so fields which wont be queried upon will not take up an extra column.</p> <p>The issue is, whenever I predefine the default value for the field, the migrations kee...
<python><django><django-models>
2023-09-03 14:09:56
1
1,925
nigel239
77,032,559
10,788,239
Why is the kivy window automatically 25% bigger than specified?
<p>I'm creating a game in kivy and noticed that the window size is always 25% bigger than I specify it to be:</p> <pre><code>from kivy.app import App from kivy.uix.widget import Widget from kivy.core.window import Window # screen dimensions, px screen_width = 400 screen_height = 600 Window.size = (screen_width, screen...
<python><kivy><window>
2023-09-03 13:44:20
1
438
Arkleseisure
77,032,448
913,098
Pytorch Lightning: How to save a checkpoint for every validation epoch?
<p>It is not clear from <a href="https://pytorch-lightning.readthedocs.io/en/1.2.10/api/pytorch_lightning.callbacks.model_checkpoint.html" rel="noreferrer">the docs</a> how to save a checkpoint for every epoch, and have it actually saved and not instantly deleted, with no followed metric.</p> <p>How to do it?</p>
<python><pytorch><pytorch-lightning>
2023-09-03 13:17:44
1
28,697
Gulzar
77,032,436
1,991,502
Using pydantic to catch an invalid attribute setting
<p>The script below runs without error. I would like to catch the invalid attribute setting on the last line, where the value is not set to a positive integer.</p> <pre><code>from pydantic.dataclasses import dataclass from pydantic import PositiveInt @dataclass class MyDataClass: value: PositiveInt my_class = M...
<python><validation><pydantic>
2023-09-03 13:15:01
1
749
DJames
77,032,427
10,666,587
r_ slicing mistakenly includes last argument
<p>I have strange float inaccuracies; the results of <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.r_.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>r_</code></a> are not consistent:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np np.r_[-665.6:-650.24:2.56] == array([-665.6 , -663.04, -660.48, -657.92, -655.36, -652.8 , -6...
<python><numpy>
2023-09-03 13:12:34
1
328
Shaq
77,032,221
20,266,647
MLRun ingestion, ConnectionResetError 10054
<p>I got this error during ingest data to Parquet in MLRun CE:</p> <pre><code>2023-09-03 14:01:47,327 [error] Unhandled exception while sending request: {'e': &lt;class 'ConnectionResetError'&gt;, 'e_msg': ConnectionResetError(10054, 'An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host', None, 10054, None), '...
<python><data-ingestion><mlops><mlrun><feature-store>
2023-09-03 12:13:23
1
1,390
JIST
77,031,967
3,990,451
How to make python3 import examine .so and ...-g.so as well?
<p>We expose C++ code to python via boost.python. We produce release and debug builds.</p> <p>release builds produce lib.so files</p> <p>debug builds produce lib-g.so files.</p> <p>Our python code then</p> <pre><code>import lib&lt;mymodule&gt; </code></pre> <p>Is there a way to place a hook such that those import state...
<python><boost-python>
2023-09-03 10:55:57
1
982
MMM
77,031,949
7,625,386
problem with changing the frames in an video with opencv
<p>I have a code that runs in the last few months without any problem. The code shows an image from a video with extra data from the relevant db. using the keyboard you can jump around some frames and get better insights. However, in the last week changing the frame of the video stopped working.</p> <p>I built a small ...
<python><docker><opencv><ffmpeg>
2023-09-03 10:48:27
1
501
Avizipi
77,031,155
13,834,948
discrepancy with Python datetime with timezone
<p>Can anyone please help explain about the following. why don't I get even numbers for the hours?</p> <p>I'm running Python 3.10. The following is from ptpython session:</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; import pytz ... from datetime import datetime ... ... # Define time zones for Eastern Time and Pacific Time ... eastern_t...
<python><python-3.x>
2023-09-03 06:29:39
1
1,634
LXJ
77,031,060
1,385,107
Query bot on multiple JSON files on Langchain
<p>I have around 30 GB of JSON data with multiple files, wanted build query bot on this. I have built same with text file but i am not sure how it will work for JSON data.</p> <p>I have explored JSONLoader but dont know how to use this to convert JSON data into vector and store it into ChromaDB so that i can query them...
<python><langchain><large-language-model><chromadb><jsonloader>
2023-09-03 05:46:58
1
5,313
Juned Ansari
77,030,917
5,763,590
Unable to pass wandb API Key in PyCharm terminal
<pre><code>wandb: (1) Create a W&amp;B account wandb: (2) Use an existing W&amp;B account wandb: (3) Don't visualize my results wandb: Enter your choice: 2 wandb: You chose 'Use an existing W&amp;B account' wandb: Logging into wandb.ai. (Learn how to deploy a W&amp;B server locally: https://wandb.me/wandb-server) wandb...
<python><terminal><pycharm><wandb>
2023-09-03 04:37:47
1
10,287
mrk
77,030,534
3,654,852
Python : assign a column using lambda with if else
<p>I have a date column in a dataframe, and I'd like to create another column that I call peak_day. If the day name of the day in the date column is a weekend (Sat or Sun), it will return false, else True. I got the code to work....but not sure what I'm doing wrong in the &quot;bad&quot; code. I could just move on....b...
<python><pandas><dataframe><lambda>
2023-09-03 00:45:17
3
803
user3654852
77,030,437
1,536,050
Pyinstaller Builds seemingly successfully, running the executable does nothing
<p>I have an application I'm trying to build an executable for written in python. For the records, my dependencies are reflected in the following import statements:</p> <pre><code>import asyncio import os import time from dotenv import load_dotenv from winsdk.windows.media.control import ( GlobalSystemMediaTranspor...
<python><pyinstaller>
2023-09-02 23:52:48
1
1,550
KinsDotNet
77,030,386
16,886,597
How can I see if at least N times in a list of times fall within a 24-hour time span?
<p>I have a handful of different dates and times, represented as a handful of <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" rel="nofollow noreferrer">datetime objects</a> in a list.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from datetime import datetime arr = [datetime(2023, 9, ...
<python><python-3.x><python-datetime>
2023-09-02 23:29:25
1
674
cocomac
77,030,241
14,509,604
pandas.convert_dtype(dtype_backend="pyarrow") raises error
<p>I'm starting to use pandas with Pyarrow and realized there's no easy way to declare a df directly as with Pyarrow engine, so I ended up in <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75939770/how-can-i-construct-a-dataframe-that-uses-the-pyarrow-backend-directly-i-e-wi">this post</a>. The thing is that I'm having t...
<python><pandas><pyarrow>
2023-09-02 22:21:13
1
329
juanmac
77,030,165
5,019,169
How to send message as slash command in discord.py?
<p>I have a bot (Let's name it <code>A</code>) already connected to the channel, and it has a slash command '/greet' that takes a <code>prompt</code> and acts upon it. Now I am trying to write a bot <code>B</code> here, that sends a command <code>/greet prompt hello!</code> for example, which will trigger the bot <code...
<python><python-3.x><discord><discord.py><bots>
2023-09-02 21:49:27
2
11,224
Ahasanul Haque
77,030,009
10,883,088
JSONDecodeError error when trying to pull playlists from spotify using spotipy
<p>I'm using the default instructions provided by docs in spotipy, I setup my app in the spotify dev dashboard, and checked my credentials, but am still getting this error code:</p> <p><code>JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)</code></p> <pre><code>import spotipy from spotipy.oauth2 import Spotif...
<python><python-3.x><spotify><spotipy>
2023-09-02 20:50:48
0
471
dko512
77,029,973
3,651,478
Hello World Neural Network to understand basics
<p>I am trying to build a noob neural net using tensorflow that learns to solve the equation <code>y = 2x - 1</code> Training data -</p> <pre><code>xs = [0,1,2,3,4,5] ys = [-1,1,3,5,7,9] xs = np.array(xs, dtype=float) ys = np.array(ys, dtype=float) </code></pre> <p>I am using 3 different models which changes only in ...
<python><keras><neural-network><tensorflow2.0><tf.keras>
2023-09-02 20:41:00
1
375
Ujjwal Vaish
77,029,938
1,392,104
Change django.forms.models.ModelChoiceIterator
<p>The choices variable of one of my fields (django.forms.models.ModelChoiceIterator) in ModelForm contains 3 items. In some cases, I want to use only one of them (the first one in the &quot;list&quot;) for the actual HTML.</p> <p>Here's a part of the Django Python code:</p> <p>class MyForm(ModelForm):</p> <pre><code>d...
<python><django><modelform>
2023-09-02 20:29:50
1
529
tamirko
77,029,834
16,284,229
How to use try catch for multiple sections of code raising the same Exception?
<p>I have the code below, the until function raises a <code>TimeoutException</code> if the lambda function does not return an element. The problem is, that there are multiple sections of code that raise the same error, both when closing the cookies footer and finding the product title. I imagine it would be incredibly ...
<python><python-3.x><selenium-webdriver>
2023-09-02 19:55:17
2
305
Tech Visionary
77,029,779
1,492,229
why merging dataframes is not working the way is intended in python
<p>I have a dataframe df</p> <p>it looks like this</p> <pre><code> Weight Height Depth RepID Code 0 18 3 14 257428 0 1 6 0 6 214932 0 2 21 6 16 17675 0 3 45 6 20 6081...
<python><arrays><pandas><dataframe>
2023-09-02 19:36:07
2
8,150
asmgx
77,029,732
4,645,982
Getting Error cors "Request header field responsetype is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Headers in preflight response" in django
<p>Error in the browser console</p> <blockquote> <p>Access to XMLHttpRequest at<br /> 'https:///some_site/resource1/downloadCSV' from origin 'https://some_site' has been blocked by CORS policy: Request header field responsetype is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Headers in preflight response.</p> </blockquote> <p>c...
<python><django><django-models><django-rest-framework><cors>
2023-09-02 19:20:20
1
2,676
Neelabh Singh
77,029,695
2,497,309
Installing NodeJS on AWS Lambda Python Container Image
<p>I'm trying to build a custom docker image starting from</p> <pre><code>FROM public.ecr.aws/lambda/python:3.11 </code></pre> <p>This docker image only has Python installed but I also want to install NodeJS and use NPM to install aws-cdk on it and deploy a stack to CloudFormation via the python lambda. I've tried a b...
<python><node.js><amazon-web-services><docker><aws-lambda>
2023-09-02 19:08:39
1
947
asm
77,029,693
13,584,963
Python do np.logical_and in parallel like np.max(array, axis=1)
<p>I have a 2D bool array of shape row*col, is there any efficient way to horizontally perform the <code>AND</code> operation to the array? For example,</p> <pre><code>k = np.array([[True, True, False], [True, False, False], [True, True, True]]) </code></pre> <p>The result is expected to be<...
<python><arrays><numpy>
2023-09-02 19:07:08
2
311
Crear
77,029,596
1,951,176
CPU time > wall time in Python multihreading
<p>A wrote a short piece of code in Python that uses multiple threads (but a single process) and ran it with a timer:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import random a = &quot;&quot;.join([chr(ord('a') + random.randint(1, 20)) for _ in range(50_000_000)]) def sum_part(i): part = a[i * 20_000_000: (...
<python><multithreading>
2023-09-02 18:41:25
2
4,687
sygi
77,029,549
1,008,596
using vertex ai in custom python script outside AI workbench and collab fails with permission denied
<p>I'm trying to use GCP Vertex AI outside of a GCP managed AI Workbench notebook environment or Google Collab notebook environment. Specifically I am trying to run in an self hosted jupyter notebook environment. Here is my setup and problem:</p> <h1>Setup</h1> <h2>Setup GCP and shell running python</h2> <p>We used i...
<python><google-cloud-platform><jupyter-notebook><google-cloud-vertex-ai>
2023-09-02 18:29:30
1
4,629
netskink
77,029,486
1,020,139
Why does pip on Amazon Linux 2 download lxml-4.9.3.tar.gz, while it downloads lxml-4.9.3-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl on Amazon Linux 2023?
<blockquote> <p>Why does pip on Amazon Linux 2 download lxml-4.9.3.tar.gz, while it downloads lxml-4.9.3-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl on Amazon Linux 2023?</p> </blockquote> <p>I need to download and install the <code>manylinux</code> variant, as the former doesn't work on AWS Lambda, yielding the following e...
<python><amazon-web-services><pip><python-poetry>
2023-09-02 18:11:27
1
14,560
Shuzheng
77,029,483
74,497
Why do I run out of memory when training with a large dataset, but have no problems with a small dataset?
<p>I'm trying to build a keypoint detection system using Keras. I've got a UNet like model, with a series of convolutions, batch normalization, and max pooling, followed by a symmetric series of up sampling, convolution, and batch normalization layers (and skip connections). When given 100 instances, I'm able to call <...
<python><tensorflow><machine-learning><keras>
2023-09-02 18:10:13
3
6,088
ocharles
77,029,478
39,381
Parsing several multi-line blocks with pyparsing
<p>I'm a complete pyparsing newbie, and am trying to parse a large file with multi-line blocks describing archive files and their contents.</p> <p>I'm currently at the stage where I'm able to parse a single item (no starting newline, this hardcoded test data approximates reading in a real file):</p> <pre class="lang-py...
<python><parsing><pyparsing>
2023-09-02 18:08:45
1
3,926
JK Laiho
77,029,411
8,948,544
Returning a json response when using flask_sqlalchemy and autoload_with
<p>I am creating a python program to connect to an existing SQLITE database and provide a JSON endpoint to access the contents of a table. But I can't seem to figure out how to convert the Rows returned from a query into a JSON serializable format.</p> <p>Here is my code:</p> <pre><code>from flask import Flask from fla...
<python><flask-sqlalchemy>
2023-09-02 17:51:49
0
331
Karthik Sankaran
77,029,403
2,555,515
Querying large dataset from Snowflake with Python/psycopg2
<p>We have large simple dataset with two columns: tension. and time and a foreign key device_id stored in Snowflake. We query like</p> <pre><code>def get_waveform(self, device_id): sql = &quot;&quot;&quot; select tension, time from waveform where device_id = %s; &quot;&quot;&quot; with ...
<python><snowflake-cloud-data-platform><psycopg2>
2023-09-02 17:49:55
1
1,089
user2555515
77,028,948
10,441,038
Equivalent of C++ union in Python?
<p>I need to precisely save a lot of floating numbers to a file in C++ program, and then read them in Python.</p> <p>You known that the precision of floating numbers may be lost when we convert them into/out from string.</p> <p>I'm wondering that &quot;Is there an equivalent of union in Python?&quot; If so, I can do it...
<python><c++><python-3.x><type-conversion><unions>
2023-09-02 15:47:47
0
2,165
Leon
77,028,925
12,396,154
Docker Compose Fails: error: externally-managed-environment
<p>I am using a windows machine and have installed wsl to be able to use Docker desktop. Of course the build failed and then I observed python3 and pip3 in the dockerfile. So I installed ubuntu and debian via wsl and then tried to run the app (docker-compose up). It still fails and throws the following error:</p> <pre>...
<python><docker><docker-compose><windows-subsystem-for-linux>
2023-09-02 15:41:15
1
353
Nili
77,028,828
6,615,512
Why are numpy operations with float32 significantly faster than float64?
<p>Doing some optimizing I noticed that switching from float64 to float32 improves run time a <em>lot</em> with some numpy ops. 5x in the example below. I know that data types are just handled differently and have hardware dependencies and such (see questions <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/q/15340781">here</a> and ...
<python><numpy>
2023-09-02 15:11:56
1
391
Shawn
77,028,770
1,469,954
ThreadPoolExecutor task for downloading files in bulk downloads only last file in list
<p>I have a file called <code>images.txt</code>, which is just a list of image URLs, one per line:</p> <pre><code>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Glenn_Jacobs_%2853122237030%29_-_Cropped.jpg/440px-Glenn_Jacobs_%2853122237030%29_-_Cropped.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb...
<python><multithreading><python-requests><urllib><threadpoolexecutor>
2023-09-02 14:57:57
1
5,353
NedStarkOfWinterfell
77,028,576
2,182,542
patch() from unittest.mock doesn't work in a subprocess
<p>It seems that <code>patch()</code> from <code>unittest.mock</code> does not work as expected in subprocesses spawned with <code>multiprocessing</code> module for me.</p> <p>Here is my code:</p> <p>a.py</p> <pre><code>import multiprocessing from unittest.mock import patch from b import run_new_process, call_mocked_...
<python><python-multiprocessing><python-unittest>
2023-09-02 13:58:00
1
1,114
Danio
77,028,331
4,575,197
How to get Fama-Macbeth Regression Cross-sectionally in python
<p>I am very new to this topic and I'm confused with understanding the regression and Quantitative aspects of it, although i have found amazing posts like <a href="https://quant.stackexchange.com/questions/46746/rationale-of-fama-macbeth-procedure?rq=1">rationale-of-fama-macbeth-procedure</a>, <a href="https://quant.st...
<python><pandas><regression><quantitative-finance>
2023-09-02 12:43:18
0
10,490
Mostafa Bouzari
77,028,323
202,385
mypy complains about duplicate module even though its a different module with the same name but a different folder/namespace
<p>Mypy keeps complaining about duplicate module even though there is no duplicate module but modules with the same name in different folders.</p> <p>Example tree:</p> <pre><code>. ├── catalog │   ├── __init__.py │   └── k8s_pvc │   ├── implementation.py │   └── integration.py ├── executor │   ├── __init__.py │...
<python><mypy>
2023-09-02 12:40:23
2
396
vijayvammi
77,028,268
7,119,501
How to fix UserPrincipalNotFoundException when calling an API in pyspark application?
<p>I am trying to submit API calls from a Spark application as below:</p> <pre><code>def api_json(spark, api_param): try: token = generate_a_token() token_headers = {'Authorization': f&quot;Bearer {token}&quot;} response = requests.get(f'https://api_url/?api_end_point={api_param}', headers=token_h...
<python><rest><apache-spark><pyspark><apache-spark-sql>
2023-09-02 12:25:32
0
2,153
Metadata
77,028,209
8,771,082
How can I repeatedly list code around the current line with pdb?
<p>The <code>l</code> command for <code>pdb</code> is documented like so:</p> <blockquote> <p><code>l</code>: List source code for the current file. Without arguments, list 11 lines around the current line or continue the previous listing.</p> </blockquote> <p>I often use this command (in <code>ipdb</code> as well) to ...
<python><debugging><pdb><ipdb>
2023-09-02 12:05:32
0
449
Anton
77,028,034
6,467,567
setup.py error when going from python=3.6 to python=3.9
<p>I am trying to install this <a href="https://github.com/BarisYazici/deep-rl-grasping/tree/master" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/BarisYazici/deep-rl-grasping/tree/master</a>. The instructions create a conda environment with <code>python=3.6</code> but installing the library with <code>python=3.6</code>...
<python><python-3.x>
2023-09-02 11:10:16
1
2,438
Kong
77,027,486
16,383,578
How find logical contradictions and redundancies in a list of symbolic expressions in Python?
<p>Sometimes I have a small number of variables, and I need to compute some result according to the relationships between the variables. So I need to account for all possible relationships between the variables and calculate the result accordingly.</p> <p>For instance, [a, b] and [c, d] are integer ranges, a &lt;= b an...
<python><python-3.x><symbolic-math>
2023-09-02 08:15:15
0
3,930
Ξένη Γήινος
77,027,214
22,070,773
How to expose an opaque pointer in nanobind?
<p>I have a function in C++ that I am trying to expose in Python:</p> <pre><code>void f(T* t) { ... } </code></pre> <p>and I am wrapping it like so:</p> <pre><code>m.def(&quot;f&quot;, f); </code></pre> <p>Nanobind doesn't like the pointer and complains with:</p> <blockquote> <p>error: invalid use of incomplete type ...
<python><c++><nanobind>
2023-09-02 06:33:46
1
451
got here
77,027,198
1,166,391
How to install Wagtail 5.1 or above
<p>I am using MacOS. I tried to install <strong>Wagtail 5.1</strong> in a venv and I installed <code>pip install wagtail</code>. and <code>wagtail start mysite mysite</code>. Without using cd mysite <code>pip install -r requirements.txt</code>, I directly typed cd mysite and <code>python manage.py migrate</code>. Th...
<python><django><wagtail>
2023-09-02 06:27:14
0
1,170
catmantiger
77,027,157
7,243,558
Trying to use a DATE column with pyignite
<p>When I query my date column I get an error:</p> <blockquote> <p>Traceback (most recent call last): File &quot;...\Python\Python38\site-packages\pyignite\datatypes\internal.py&quot;, line 390, in __data_class_parse return tc_map(type_code) File &quot;...\Python\Python38\site-packages\pyignite\datatypes\internal.py&qu...
<python><sql><ignite>
2023-09-02 06:08:40
1
387
James
77,027,058
539,023
Kafka error - 'Disconnected while requesting ApiVersion
<p>I have a Kafka docker set up that I was able to run properly with the following docker-compose.yml.</p> <pre><code>&gt; version: '2' &gt; &gt; services: &gt; zookeeper: &gt; image: bitnami/zookeeper:3.8 &gt; ports: &gt; - 2181:2181 &gt; environment: &gt; - ALLOW_A...
<python><docker><apache-kafka><confluent-kafka-python>
2023-09-02 05:17:12
0
20,230
kta
77,026,971
22,070,773
How to wrap a vector<T> in nanobind?
<p>In <code>boost::python</code>, to wrap a <code>vector&lt;T&gt;</code> you would do something like this:</p> <pre><code>boost::python::class_&lt; std::vector &lt; T &gt; &gt;(&quot;T&quot;) .def(boost::python::vector_indexing_suite&lt;std::vector&lt; T &gt; &gt;()); </code></pre> <p>How do I accomplish the same t...
<python><c++><nanobind>
2023-09-02 04:30:36
1
451
got here
77,026,950
17,835,656
How can i give a widget initial size in pyqt5?
<p>i want give a widget an initial size &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; not fixed , not minimum , and not maximum size</p> <p>because i want the user be able to control the size of the widget, when i am using splitter.</p> <p>how ?</p> <p>look at this image :</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/nb82U.png" rel="nofollow nore...
<python><python-3.x><pyqt><pyqt5>
2023-09-02 04:19:57
1
721
Mohammed almalki
77,026,844
21,575,627
How can I find the time complexity of this algorithm (backtracking)?
<p>This is a function I wrote in Python for Leetcode 216. The problem statement is:</p> <blockquote> <p>Find all combinations of k distinct digits from [1-9] s.t they sum to n. Return a list of all valid combinations, knowing that 2 &lt;= k &lt;= 9, 1 &lt;= n &lt;= 60</p> </blockquote> <p>This is my algorithm:</p> <pre...
<python><algorithm><time-complexity><big-o>
2023-09-02 03:23:08
1
1,279
user129393192
77,026,714
3,158,876
How to iterate through dictionary and set values from a class
<p>I have an empty dictionary (tried both completely empty and with keys from list - same results).</p> <p>I am then trying to iterate through that same list (in this case rooms in a building), pull some data from another source into a class instance, and then set the value in the dictionary designated for that room to...
<python><dictionary><class><reference>
2023-09-02 02:05:13
1
315
Benjamin Brannon