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77,017,833
102,221
Error installing smbus module with Python 3.10
<p>I have Ubuntu running on Raspberry Pi and Python 3.10 installed on it. In my attempt to add <code>smbus</code> library I get next error:</p> <pre><code>pi@raspberrypi:~$ python3 -m pip install smbus Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable Collecting smbus Using cached smbus-1....
<python><python-3.x><pip><smbus>
2023-08-31 16:48:26
1
1,113
BaruchLi
77,017,804
5,583,772
Polars: "ValueError: could not convert value 'Unknown' as a Literal"
<p>I have a line of code in polars that worked prior to my most recent update of the polars package to '0.19.0'. This example ran before:</p> <pre><code>import polars as pl df = pl.DataFrame( { &quot;a&quot;: [5, 6, 7, 8, 9], &quot;b&quot;: [5, 6, 7, 8, 9], &quot;c&quot;: [5, 6, 7, 8, None...
<python><python-polars>
2023-08-31 16:44:20
1
556
Paul Fleming
77,017,728
371,577
How is Python multithreading efficient with the non-async requests library?
<p>I would just like to understand, I'm using a Python script that sends 3 HTTP GET requests to an URL that I made to wait for 5 seconds.</p> <p>I am using the requests library and the threading Python module like so:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3 import time import request...
<python><multithreading>
2023-08-31 16:33:42
0
797
StefanH
77,017,686
19,130,803
Change text color of a column of dbc.Table
<p>I am developing a dash application. I have a dataframe coming from backend and in forntend, I am displaying that dataframe using <code>dbc.Table</code> component.</p> <pre><code>import dash_bootstrap_components as dbc import pandas as pd df = pd.DataFrame( { &quot;First Name&quot;: [&quot;Arthur&quot;, ...
<python><pandas><plotly-dash>
2023-08-31 16:25:21
1
962
winter
77,017,603
9,536,103
Cumulative distinct count in pandas
<p>I have a dataframe with a column called <code>group</code> and another column called <code>country</code>. I want to create a new column that outputs a cumulative count of distinct values in the <code>country</code> column whilst grouping on the <code>group</code> column</p> <p>Original dataframe:</p> <pre><code>gro...
<python><pandas>
2023-08-31 16:10:57
2
1,151
Daniel Wyatt
77,017,536
1,958,391
Swin-Transformer-TF not working with generator
<p>Swin-Transformer-TF from <a href="https://github.com/rishigami/Swin-Transformer-TF/tree/main" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/rishigami/Swin-Transformer-TF/tree/main</a>, failed when I use generator for train. I tried many generators, and many output of generators options, lists, Tensor's etc. everythin...
<python><tensorflow><transformer-model><swin-transformer>
2023-08-31 15:59:31
1
2,144
Naomi Fridman
77,017,429
6,385,519
Folium: How to show a map from a saved html file in ipynb
<p>I have a folium map saved locally as a html file, now I want to read that <code>map.html</code> file to show a map in another ipynb cell/notebook.</p> <p>Minimum code to generate the local file:</p> <pre><code>import folium m = folium.Map(location=[45.5236, -122.6750]) m # to view the map if needed m.save('map.htm...
<python><folium>
2023-08-31 15:46:23
1
2,605
Suraj Shourie
77,017,408
5,108,149
Raspberry Pi transmits corrupted data
<p>I have a Raspberry Pi Zero trying to read GPS data.</p> <p>With this command:</p> <pre><code>sudo cat /dev/ttyAMA0 </code></pre> <p>I get the following correct data:</p> <pre><code>$GPGSV,1,1,0*49 $GPRMC,,V,,,,,,,,,,N*53 $GPVTG,,,,,,,,,N*30 $GPGGA,,,,,,0,00,99.99,,,,,,*48 $GPGLL,,,,,,V,N*64 $GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,99...
<python><raspberry-pi><raspberry-pi-zero>
2023-08-31 15:43:51
1
1,653
Blendester
77,017,255
104,324
Attempt to speedup python unzip using isal_zlib fails
<p>I have a long running series of scripts to unpack and analyse a very large dataset. Using pyinstruments I have found out that the ZipFile library is taking up a large amount of time. The files I'm unzipping are actually GLF files - taken from a Tritech Gemini Sonar.</p> <p>The GLF file itself is actually a zip file ...
<python><performance><zip><compression><zlib>
2023-08-31 15:25:38
1
692
Oni
77,017,251
11,659,920
Reference a dict from another file in Lambda
<p>I initially had an index.py file with contents like</p> <pre><code>import boto3 import json import os BUCKETNAME = os.environ['bucketname'] PUBLICKEYSBUCKETNAME = os.environ['publickkeysbucketname'] TRANSFERACCESSADMINROLE = os.environ['transferaccessadminrole'] TRANSFERACCESSREADROLE = os.environ['transferaccessre...
<python><aws-lambda><lambda>
2023-08-31 15:25:22
1
467
Jason Stanley
77,017,062
13,494,917
How to avoid accessing table at same time as another instance?
<p>I have a Log table that I send data to when an event happens. Sometimes there are multiple events that happen at basically the same time. Sometimes this causes duplicates in a value that I'm grabbing and incrementing before sending it back to the table with some other data. Problem arises when two instances are doin...
<python><sql-server><pandas><sqlalchemy><azure-sql-database>
2023-08-31 15:03:15
0
687
BlakeB9
77,016,846
816,721
Poetry script, command not found
<p>I created a project using poetry. My project structure is like this -</p> <pre><code>/ pyproject.toml winshift/ __init__.py cli.py ... more sturf </code></pre> <p>My file <code>cli.py</code> includes a function <code>main</code> and in my <em>pyproject.toml</em> I defined -</p> <pre><code>... [tools.poetry.scrip...
<python><python-poetry>
2023-08-31 14:35:01
1
18,233
rkmax
77,016,767
6,195,489
SQLalchemy: how to patch session from context manager and replace with in memory DB session
<p>Say I have an SQLalchemy model like:</p> <pre><code>from app.data_structures.base import ( Base class User(Base): __tablename__ = &quot;users&quot; user_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, nullable=True) flag = Column(Boolean) def __init__( self, user_name: str ...
<python><unit-testing><sqlalchemy><mocking><python-unittest>
2023-08-31 14:25:14
0
849
abinitio
77,016,724
10,232,932
Add a numpy array with one value less to a pandas column
<p>I have a pandas dataframe df:</p> <pre><code>A B C 1 2 NaN 2 3 NaN 4 5 NaN </code></pre> <p>How can I add a numpy array with the shape of 1 element less then the length of the dataframe, in this case, the numpy array:</p> <pre><code>[10 20] </code></pre> <p>And I want to start at the second row and fill the ...
<python><pandas><numpy>
2023-08-31 14:20:22
1
6,338
PV8
77,016,618
543,087
Websocket automatically closes after response in Python
<p>The following code is run as a server and browser clients connect. However after each request the browser is showing that websocket connection is closed. I want to keep connection open in browser clients as reopening is making it slow due to network issues etc. Earlier with Nodejs websocket servers it never closed t...
<python><python-3.x><websocket>
2023-08-31 14:06:24
0
1,241
user5858
77,016,586
3,616,293
np.where comparison between 2 arrays
<p>I have 4 numpy arrays as:</p> <pre><code>mat_row.shape, mat_col.shape # ((3000, 2000), (3000, 2000)) nearest_neighb_x.shape, nearest_neighb_y.shape # (2040,) (2040,) </code></pre> <p>The idea is to perform a lookup for unique values of <code>nearest_neighb_x</code> and <code>nearest_neighb_y</code> existing in <cod...
<python><numpy><numpy-ndarray>
2023-08-31 14:02:34
0
2,518
Arun
77,016,585
4,575,197
multiply and summing same named columns based on name in 2 different DF pandas python
<p>it's easy to multiply 2 columns, but some how my code returns NAN that i don't understand.</p> <p>so i have these columns in df2 that have the same name also in df1. my goal was to multiply and then sum them together.</p> <pre><code>df1.columns=['ISIN', 'DSCD', 'GEOGN', 'SIC', 'GEOGC', 'COMMONSHARESOUTSTANDING', ...
<python><pandas>
2023-08-31 14:02:25
1
10,490
Mostafa Bouzari
77,016,505
2,178,942
Converting pandas to multiple dictionaries
<p>I have a pandas dataset that looks like this:</p> <pre><code>check_d = pickle.load(a_file) </code></pre> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/Mb1jp.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/Mb1jp.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>when I type:</p> <pre><code>check_d[&quot;conv2&q...
<python><python-3.x><pandas><dictionary><pickle>
2023-08-31 13:53:03
2
1,581
Kadaj13
77,016,386
10,232,932
Running the same function several times for a filtered dataframe in python
<p>I have a pandas dataframe df:</p> <pre class="lang-none prettyprint-override"><code>TypeA TypeB timepoint value A AB 1 10 A AB 2 10 A AC 1 5 A AC 2 15 A AC 3 10 ... D DB 1 1 D DB 2 1 </code></pre> <p>How c...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2023-08-31 13:38:25
0
6,338
PV8
77,016,334
2,595,216
New way of dark mode in PyQt6/PySide6
<p>There is 'old' way of setting dark mode in PyQt6/Pyside6 answered here: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73060080/how-do-i-use-qt6-dark-theme-with-pyside6">How do I use QT6 Dark Theme with PySide6?</a></p> <p>But I found official Qt blog post <a href="https://www.qt.io/blog/dark-mode-on-windows-11-with-q...
<python><pyside6><pyqt6>
2023-08-31 13:32:51
2
553
emcek
77,016,167
2,641,825
How to install Jupyter Lab on Debian 12 bookworm?
<ul> <li><p>In Debian 11 I had installed jupyter lab with pip in my user directory, but on Debian 12 this is not possible anymore since <a href="https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/release-notes/ch-information.en.html#python3-pep-668" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Debian decided to follow pep-668</a> and python pac...
<python><debian><jupyter-lab>
2023-08-31 13:15:09
1
11,539
Paul Rougieux
77,016,149
4,239,879
Mock a class method before making an object of that class in setUp
<p>How can I use mock to avoid executing the <code>some_thing</code> method of <code>Settings</code> class and make it return some arbitrary string?</p> <p>My class:</p> <pre><code>class Settings(): &quot;&quot;&quot; Represents settings. Will read the settings file if available. If not: will create it with...
<python><mocking><integration-testing>
2023-08-31 13:13:06
1
2,360
Ivan
77,016,132
8,913,316
Import from another file inside the same module and running from a main.py outside the module throws an import error
<p>Given the following tree:</p> <pre><code>├── main.py └── my_module ├── a.py ├── b.py └── __init__.py </code></pre> <p>a.py:</p> <pre><code>def f(): print('Hello World.') </code></pre> <p>b.py:</p> <pre><code>from a import f def f2(): f() if __name__ == '__main__': f2() </code></pre> <p>main...
<python>
2023-08-31 13:09:43
2
388
Keredu
77,016,079
10,909,217
Construct filtering expression based on lexicographical ordering
<p>I have a dataset with integer columns for <code>'year'</code>, <code>'month'</code> and <code>'day'</code>.</p> <p>For a given <code>start_date</code> and <code>end_date</code> (pandas Timestamps), I want to build an expression to filter for all the rows between these dates.</p> <p>I have the following working solut...
<python><pyarrow>
2023-08-31 13:01:42
1
1,290
actual_panda
77,016,033
11,329,736
Snakemake ignores custom number of threads
<p>For all of my rules in my snakefile, <code>snakemake</code> ignores the number of threads that I set:</p> <pre><code>rule trim: input: r1=&quot;reads/{sample}_R1.fastq.gz&quot;, r2=&quot;reads/{sample}_R2.fastq.gz&quot;, output: multiext(&quot;trimmed/{sample}&quot;, &quo...
<python><snakemake>
2023-08-31 12:55:44
1
1,095
justinian482
77,015,931
13,023,647
Get data from ICMP package
<p>Could you tell me please, get more detailed information about the ICMP packet? Right now I'm using some code construction:</p> <pre><code>import scapy.layers.inet from scapy.all import * def gettingDataFromICMPTraffic(pkt): if pkt.haslayer(scapy.layers.inet.ICMP): type_8 = pkt.getlayer(scapy.layers.ine...
<python><python-3.x><scapy><icmp>
2023-08-31 12:42:47
1
374
Alex Rebell
77,015,800
3,274,630
Why does Python's rstrip remove more characters than expected?
<p>According to the docs the function will strip that sequence of chars from the right side of the string.<br /> The expression <code>'https://odinultra.ai/api'.rstrip('/api')</code> should result in the string <code>'https://odinultra.ai'</code>.</p> <p>Instead here is what we get in Python 3:</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&...
<python><string><strip>
2023-08-31 12:23:08
1
448
Corneliu Maftuleac
77,015,775
8,671,089
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable while reading list in python
<p>I am trying to write a function which gets all the elements from list to another list, but sometimes my list can be None. I tried below code with checking if not None. Does anyone know how to do this? Thanks in advance.</p> <pre><code>from typing import List fruits = [&quot;lemon&quot;, &quot;pear&quot;, &quot;wate...
<python>
2023-08-31 12:19:58
1
683
Panda
77,015,717
4,451,315
too-many-args for union of callables
<p>If I run mypy on</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from typing import Callable a: Callable[[str, str], str] | Callable[[str], str] a('a', 'b') </code></pre> <p>then I get</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>main.py:5: error: Too many arguments [call-arg] </code></pre> <p>But, why...
<python><mypy><python-typing>
2023-08-31 12:11:00
0
11,062
ignoring_gravity
77,015,563
5,374,161
Amazon SES creds working with smtplib but not with boto3
<p>I'm trying to send emails using <strong>Amazon SES</strong>. Created the roles and API keys and policies and tested it out using Python <code>smtplib</code>. Pasting the snippet below:</p> <pre><code>import smtplib fromaddr = &quot;some@email.com&quot; toaddrs = &quot;other@email.com&quot; msg = &quot;&quot;&quot;...
<python><amazon-web-services><boto3><amazon-ses>
2023-08-31 11:49:24
1
667
Krishh
77,015,464
4,461,239
Adding EXIF GPS data to .jpg files using Python and Piexif
<p>I am trying to write a script that adds EXIF GPS data to images using Python. When running the below script, I am getting an error returned from the <code>piexif.dump()</code> as follows:</p> <pre><code>(venv) C:\projects\geo-photo&gt;python test2.py Traceback (most recent call last): File &quot;C:\projects\geo-ph...
<python><exif><piexif>
2023-08-31 11:36:26
2
967
Mike Resoli
77,015,435
3,595,907
What is causing this memory usage increase?
<p>I have code that reads in a sensor data file &amp; outputs a series of spectrograms augmented with added noise. The problem I'm running into is that memory usage is increasing on every iteration of the spectrogram generation loop, until eventually I run out of memory.</p> <p>In the picture below you can clearly see ...
<python><numpy><matplotlib><spectrogram>
2023-08-31 11:32:30
0
3,687
DrBwts
77,015,204
2,223,661
transform pandas data-frame grouping records on one col and counting frequencies of few other cols and making them as new cols
<p>Let's say we have this data-frame below:</p> <pre><code>userid concessions reason contact date 1 0 aaa call 1 0 aaa chat 1 1 bbb call 01-01-1990 1 0 ccc mail 1 1 aaa ...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2023-08-31 10:59:14
3
509
Mariners
77,014,920
3,616,293
Compute closest neghtbor between 2 numpy arrays - KDTree
<p>I have 2 numpy arrays: a (smaller) array consisting of int values, b (larger) array consisting of float values. The idea is that b contains float values which are close to some int values in a. For example, as a toy example, I have the code below. The arrays aren't sorted like this and I use np.sort() on both a and ...
<python><arrays><numpy><nearest-neighbor>
2023-08-31 10:16:46
1
2,518
Arun
77,014,641
17,082,611
Is there any difference between this keras script and my python class?
<p>I am wondering whether there is any difference between this Keras script:</p> <pre><code>latent_dim = 2 latent_inputs = keras.Input(shape=(latent_dim,)) x = layers.Dense(7 * 7 * 64, activation=&quot;relu&quot;)(latent_inputs) x = layers.Reshape((7, 7, 64))(x) x = layers.Conv2DTranspose(64, 3, activation=&quot;relu&q...
<python><machine-learning><keras>
2023-08-31 09:40:55
1
481
tail
77,014,640
1,852,526
Trying to parse xml throws FileNotFoundError
<p>I am new to Python and all I am doing is parsing a simple XML string. But when I do that, it says 'No such file or directory' at Et.parse. I also tried saying <code>Et.parse(Et.fromstring(xmlfile))</code> but still that leads to a slightly different exception.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/gDTBY.png" rel="no...
<python><xml><elementtree>
2023-08-31 09:40:51
4
1,774
nikhil
77,014,538
1,833,326
Databricks-Connect: Missing sparkContext
<p>I have issues using the newest version of databricks-connect (13.3.0). I would like to access the sparkContext and tried it as it worked for databricks-connect&lt;13.0:</p> <pre><code>from databricks.connect import DatabricksSession spark = DatabricksSession.builder.getOrCreate() spark.sparkContext </code></pre> <p>...
<python><apache-spark><pyspark><databricks><databricks-connect>
2023-08-31 09:27:56
1
1,018
Lazloo Xp
77,014,471
10,353,865
An indexer that gets should return a copy
<p>In order to decide as to whether some operations return a copy or a view, I consulted the posts to the question: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23296282/what-rules-does-pandas-use-to-generate-a-view-vs-a-copy">What rules does Pandas use to generate a view vs a copy?</a></p> <p>It reads as follows:</p> ...
<python><pandas>
2023-08-31 09:19:26
0
702
P.Jo
77,014,428
7,069,126
What is the meaning of a `files` key in poetry.lock?
<p>I just installed a newer version of a package in a poetry project. Now, for every package listed in the <code>poetry.lock</code> file, there's an added <code>files</code> key, like this:</p> <pre class="lang-ini prettyprint-override"><code>[[package]] name = &quot;...&quot; version = &quot;...&quot; files = [ {....
<python><python-poetry>
2023-08-31 09:14:09
1
2,764
Tobias Feil
77,014,360
2,123,099
PostgreSQL Procedure using python write dataframe to table
<p>I am developing a PostgreSQL Procedure using the plpython3u extension which let you use python procedural language into PostgreSQL.</p> <p>With the following code using plpy, I am able to retrive data form table and put it into pandas dataframe.</p> <pre><code>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE public.plpy_proc_clas_full( ...
<python><sql><postgresql><procedure><plpython>
2023-08-31 09:04:02
2
1,502
Stavros Koureas
77,014,292
5,437,090
Merge multiple dictionaries using unique keys
<p>Given three dictionaries as follows <code>{key: index}</code>:</p> <pre><code>d1 = {'a':0, 'b':1,'c':2, 'd':3, 'e':4, 'f':5, 'g':6, 'h':7, 'i':8, 'j':9, 'k':10, 'l':11, 'm':12, 'n':13, 'o':14} d2 = {'k':0, 'l':1,'m':2, 'n':3, 'o':4, 'p':5, 'q':6, 'r':7, 's':8, 't':9, 'u':10, 'v':11, 'w':12} d3 = {'a':0, 'b':1,'c':2,...
<python><performance>
2023-08-31 08:55:28
3
1,621
farid
77,014,174
3,338,256
Flask OSError: [Errno 5] Input/output error when creating zip of a folder and sending as a response
<p>I have an endpoint in flask application which downloads a folder by creating zip of it and sending it in the response. Here is the code for it</p> <pre><code>def download_data(zip_file_name): current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime(&quot;%Y%m%d%H%M%S&quot;) shutil.make_archive(zip_file_name + current...
<python><flask>
2023-08-31 08:40:17
0
566
Prakash
77,014,017
16,577,671
Better readable labels in pygal
<p>I would like to visualize data with Pygal for this I have to use a radar, unfortunately the X-axis labels have very long labels, which leads to the fact that it becomes difficult to read and the labels are cut off (see picture). <a href="https://i.sstatic.net/8ddmg.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i....
<python><radar-chart><pygal><spider-chart>
2023-08-31 08:18:32
1
1,102
ChsharpNewbie
77,013,954
4,402,431
How to write a file and then delete it
<p>I am a C# programmer and need to go for python now. It is my 2nd day so far. I need to write a file, read it and then delete it. In C# that's easy peasy.</p> <pre><code>string strPath = @&quot;C:\temp\test.txt&quot;; using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(strPath)) { writer.WriteLine(&quot;XYZ&quot;);} strin...
<python><file><readfile><delete-file><writefile>
2023-08-31 08:09:44
3
2,623
Patrick
77,013,746
13,994,829
How to release memory correctly in streamlit app?
<p>Recently, while developing a Streamlit app, the app frequently crashes and requires manual rebooting.</p> <p>After spending some time, I identified the issue as <strong>&quot;exceeding RAM&quot;</strong>. The free version of RAM is only 1GB, and my app easily surpasses this limit when multiple users are using it sim...
<python><memory><streamlit><langchain>
2023-08-31 07:41:10
1
545
Xiang
77,013,491
16,383,578
How to compare a three dimensional array with a two dimensional array in NumPy?
<p>I have a three-dimensional array of shape <code>(height, width, 3)</code>, it represents an BGR image, the values are floats in [0, 1].</p> <p>After some operation on the pixels I obtain a two-dimensional array of shape <code>(height, width)</code>, the values in the array are the results of some operation performed...
<python><arrays><numpy>
2023-08-31 07:00:58
2
3,930
Ξένη Γήινος
77,013,454
3,179,698
python cross platform download all the files(not all needed so unwanted)
<p>Hi I want to download linux version package in windows env.(install on offline linux-server)</p> <p>I used the command:</p> <pre><code>pip download --only-binary=:all: --platform linux_x86_64 --python-version 36 hyperopt </code></pre> <p>to download package hyperopt and its dependencies to install it on linux env of...
<python><pip><python-wheel>
2023-08-31 06:55:51
1
1,504
cloudscomputes
77,013,434
1,354,517
Trying to run tensorflow graphics home page demo from comamnd line throws an error
<p>I am a bit of a ML / TF / Python noob but have made good progress. i.e. can train basic models and use for inference with TF 2.13 - non gpu version.</p> <p>While trying to run the example here - <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/graphics" rel="nofollow noreferrer">TensorFlow Graphics</a> , I am encoutering an erro...
<python><tensorflow><tensorflow2.0>
2023-08-31 06:51:57
0
1,117
Gautam
77,013,254
2,038,089
Print uid to screen/browser in Python
<p>I'm currently testing mod_wsgi, and trying to print my uid to screen in my browser.</p> <pre><code>import os uid = os.getuid() print(&quot;uid being used:&quot;, uid) def application(environ, start_response): status = '200 OK' output = b'Hello World!' response_headers = [('Content-type', 'text/plain'...
<python><apache><mod-wsgi>
2023-08-31 06:18:49
1
382
Ahmad Bilal
77,013,226
4,958,156
Using Python multiprocessing Process and Queue to abort function
<p>I have a function called <code>some_function(a,b)</code> which takes in two parameters a and b, and does something intensive, and then stores a Spark dataframe as an output. I want to put a timeout on some_function -&gt; if it takes longer than 5 mins (300 seconds), I want to abort, and move to the next 'i' in the m...
<python><apache-spark><multiprocessing><python-multiprocessing>
2023-08-31 06:13:46
1
1,294
Programmer
77,013,196
5,561,472
Error: DocumentSnapshot.get() got an unexpected keyword argument 'transaction'
<p>I need to update the documents in collection. But I would like to run transaction for every document:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>async def example(): @google.cloud.firestore.async_transactional async def update_in_transaction(transaction, city_ref, data): snapshot = await cit...
<python><asynchronous><google-cloud-firestore>
2023-08-31 06:09:41
1
6,639
Andrey
77,013,101
6,729,591
Going through model's each layer individually gives other result than using forward
<p>I want to tinker with some intermediate layer result from a pretrained resnet. I noticed a drop in accuracy when just iterating over the layers of a specific block. Upon further inspection I saw that the intermediate results change if i iterate or use the builtin forward function.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint...
<python><machine-learning><deep-learning><pytorch>
2023-08-31 05:44:09
1
1,404
Dr. Prof. Patrick
77,012,862
16,220,410
why are even numbers retained in list x?
<p>i found this code and i am just confused why are the even numbers retained in <strong>list x</strong> when the remove method is at the top of the for loop, i tried to print the list for each iteration and it shows the first iteration is 1, gets removed from x then appended to y, but the next iteration of i is now 3 ...
<python><for-loop>
2023-08-31 04:32:52
1
1,277
k1dr0ck
77,012,845
2,954,547
Select and/or deselect tests that use a particular fixture?
<p>I see that there are some questions about conditionally <em>skipping</em> tests with certain fixtures: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/q/46852934/2954547">Is there a way to skip a pytest fixture?</a> and <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/q/70956586/2954547">Skip tests using a particular pytest fixture</a>.</p> <...
<python><pytest>
2023-08-31 04:25:09
2
14,083
shadowtalker
77,012,820
4,156,036
Multithreaded i += 1 has different behavior between Windows and Linux?
<pre><code>import threading BASE = 1000000 i = 0 def test(): global i for x in range(BASE): i += 1 threads = [threading.Thread(target=test) for t in range(10)] for t in threads: t.start() for t in threads: t.join() assert i == BASE*10, (BASE*10, i) </code></pre> <p>The code above can alway...
<python><multithreading>
2023-08-31 04:19:31
1
695
Lane
77,012,813
5,046,887
Recursive tracing issue when using opentelemetry-instrumentation-psycopg2 with psycopg2
<h3>Problem Description</h3> <p>When I used the <code>opentelemetry-instrumentation-psycopg2</code> library with <code>psycopg2's ThreadedConnectionPool</code>, I encountered a recursion issue. This problem seems to occur with some probability when concurrency is involved, so I decide the reproduce this issue. <a href=...
<python><concurrency><psycopg2><trace><open-telemetry>
2023-08-31 04:15:34
1
1,417
Changemyminds
77,012,451
4,362,655
How can I have callbacks for Plotly Dash in different directories while using flask
<p>I have done flask integration with Dash (credit to <a href="https://github.com/jimmybow/Flask_template_auth_with_Dash" rel="nofollow noreferrer">source</a>) with file structure as below...</p> <pre><code>/&lt;main_app&gt; | | - &lt;app&gt; | |-----__init__.py | - &lt;dashboard&gt; ...
<python><flask><plotly><plotly-dash>
2023-08-31 02:04:02
1
1,575
LuckyStarr
77,012,324
22,474,322
django-avatar // not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
<p><a href="https://django-avatar.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://django-avatar.readthedocs.io/en/latest/</a></p> <p>Django returns &quot;not enough values to unpack (Expected 2, got 1) when trying to open this html template:</p> <pre><code>{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load account %} {% lo...
<python><html><django><django-templates>
2023-08-31 01:11:27
1
325
Pedro Santos
77,012,307
17,653,423
How to convert a pd.Series of dict to pd.Series of string?
<p>How to convert the Series of dictionary below to a Series of strings.</p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd dicts = {1: [{&quot;id1&quot;:&quot;result1&quot;, &quot;name1&quot;:&quot;result1&quot;}], 2: [{&quot;id2&quot;:&quot;result2&quot;, &quot;name2&quot;:&quot;result2&quot;}]} # create test dataframe df = pd.Data...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2023-08-31 01:03:40
2
391
Luiz
77,012,192
9,554,172
How to put an enrich policy in elasticsearch when python package doesn't match documentation
<p>I'm trying to place a simple enrich policy onto elasticsearch before its corresponding ingest pipelines. The issue I have is when I execute:</p> <pre><code> if enrich_policies: for i, (name, body) in enumerate(enrich_policies.items()): result = es.enrich.get_policy(name=name) ...
<python><elasticsearch>
2023-08-31 00:15:56
1
881
Lacrosse343
77,012,106
22,474,322
Django Allauth - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'allauth.account.middleware' even when django-allauth is properly installed
<p>&quot;ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'allauth.account.middleware'&quot;</p> <p>I keep getting this error in my django project even when django-allauth is all installed and setup???</p> <p>I tried even reinstalling and changing my python to python3 but didn't change anything, can't figure out why all other impo...
<python><python-3.x><django><django-allauth><django-settings>
2023-08-30 23:39:49
3
325
Pedro Santos
77,012,002
8,171,079
Unexpected behaviour when using put with multidimensional Numpy array
<p>I have an array <code>A</code> defined as:</p> <pre><code>[[0, 0], [0, 0]] </code></pre> <p>I have a list <code>I</code> containing indices of <code>A</code>, for example <code>[(0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]</code>, and a list <code>v</code> with as many values as in <code>I</code>, for example <code>[1, 2, 3]</code>. I ...
<python><numpy>
2023-08-30 23:04:05
3
377
user8171079
77,011,837
10,789,707
How to get all the values of 2nd loop output into the 3rd loop end_idx variable?
<p>This question may have been already answered but after much time searching SO and the net I did not find a suitable answer.</p> <p>I have 3 consecutive loops as follows:</p> <pre><code> w = my_text0.get(1.0, END).split() data = [] # get &amp; set the matching dict keys and values for i in w: ...
<python><python-3.x><for-loop><tkinter><nested-loops>
2023-08-30 22:16:44
1
797
Lod
77,011,809
14,509,604
Debian 11 : pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available
<p>I've installed Python 3.11 in Debian 11 but after installing when I want to use <code>pip3.11</code> with any package it throws the warning: <code>pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the SSL module in Python is not available</code> and fails to download.</p> <p>I've done</p> <pre><code>cd ...
<python><ssl><installation><pip><pyenv>
2023-08-30 22:11:25
0
329
juanmac
77,011,769
880,783
Can I @override the following @overloaded Python function?
<p>The PySide6 function <code>QComboBox.addItem</code> is type-hinted, in <code>QtWidgets.pyi</code>, like this:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>@overload def addItem(self, icon: Union[PySide6.QtGui.QIcon, PySide6.QtGui.QPixmap], text: str, userData: Any = ...) -&gt; None: ... @overload def addItem(...
<python><overriding><overloading><mypy><typing>
2023-08-30 22:02:36
1
6,279
bers
77,011,731
1,113,159
python3 plotly timeline gant diagram customdata for every bar
<p>I am trying to use dash + plotly to create a horizontal time line diagram. Several actors are working on shared resources in some time slots. I would like to visualize with horizontal bars work process of every actor. But in the hover on each horizontal bar I would like to see the resource that this actor is working...
<python><plotly><visualization>
2023-08-30 21:53:17
1
645
user1113159
77,011,713
217,332
Is there any way to decorate a class such that the resulting class's supertypes are known to the typechecker?
<p>I'd like to be able to write a class decorator that returns classes of a given base type <code>B</code> regardless of the input class, such that I can then use the decorated classes as objects of type <code>B</code>.</p> <p>I've done something like this:</p> <pre><code>T = TypeVar(&quot;T&quot;) class Base: pas...
<python><python-3.8><python-typing>
2023-08-30 21:50:24
0
83,780
danben
77,011,692
12,311,071
Override the usage of calling an enum class in Python
<p>I have what is probably a very obscure problem. My python script is intended to be ran from the command line with some command line arguments. Each argument needs to be parsed into a type more useful than a string. I am doing the following:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>typed_arguments = [] for...
<python><enums><command-line-arguments>
2023-08-30 21:46:05
0
314
Harry
77,011,575
1,028,560
Deploying python docker images on AKS gives "exec /usr/bin/sh: exec format error"
<p>I'm trying to deploy a docker container with a python app to Azure Kubernetes Service. After deploying and looking at the logs on the new pod, I see this error:</p> <blockquote> <p>exec /usr/bin/sh: exec format error</p> </blockquote> <p>I'm building the container on a mac using the following docker buildx command:<...
<python><azure><docker><kubernetes>
2023-08-30 21:19:32
1
1,595
Sanjeev
77,011,529
9,415,280
TensorFlow Probability inference error input type
<p>I train a model using tensorflow_probability and distributions.</p> <p>To train it I format my data like this (2 heads model so 2 inputs set):</p> <pre><code>input_1 = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(Xdata) input_2 = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(Xphysio) output = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices(yobs) com...
<python><tensorflow><machine-learning><tensorflow-datasets><tensorflow-probability>
2023-08-30 21:08:53
1
451
Jonathan Roy
77,011,490
2,223,106
Loop through module and run inspect.getdoc() on each method
<p>I can print a list of all the builtins:</p> <pre><code>for i, b in __builtins__.__dict__: print(i, b) __name__ __doc__ __package__ __loader__ __spec__ __build_class__ __import__ abs all any ascii ... </code></pre> <p>Then <code>import inspect</code> and <code>inspect.getdoc(&lt;some_module&gt;)</code>.</p> <p>F...
<python><python-3.x><introspection>
2023-08-30 21:00:51
1
6,610
MikeiLL
77,011,448
1,506,763
Why is Jitted Numba function slower than original function?
<p>I've written a function to create uniformly spaced points on a disk and since it's run quite often and on relatively large array I figured the application of <code>numba</code> would increase the speed significantly. However, upon running a quick test I've found that the <code>numba</code> function is more than twic...
<python><numpy><performance><numba>
2023-08-30 20:51:23
1
676
jpmorr
77,011,313
5,431,734
how to build a package and include dependencies conditional on os
<p>I am trying to build a package that depending on the os of the target machine will include an extra package. More specifically my application depends on <code>redis</code> however when the machine where the package is going to be deployed to runs linux, I would like to have <code>redis-server</code> as an extra depe...
<python><redis><setuptools>
2023-08-30 20:22:41
0
3,725
Aenaon
77,011,280
2,318,409
python installation moved, pip stopped working
<p>I had Python 3.6 on my Windows machine under &quot;C:\Program Files&quot; I wanted to upgrade it to 3.11. Installer completed successfully, but new version was installed not in program files, but in &quot;C:\Users\myname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311&quot;.</p> <p>I moved Python311 directory to the &quot;C...
<python><pip>
2023-08-30 20:16:55
1
596
Gary Greenberg
77,011,220
4,865,723
Text in QLabel do not increase the QDialog
<p>This problem is an example to improve the understanding of layout and size policy. In this example code I do set the width of a <code>QDialog</code> to a minimum and maximum. This works. I don't touch the height of the dialog.</p> <p>The problem is that the text in a <code>QLabel</code> is to much to fit into the di...
<python><qt><pyqt>
2023-08-30 20:03:29
1
12,450
buhtz
77,011,196
5,240,684
Random selection from list avoiding a given element (negative sampling)
<p>I have a list of item pairs, where each item is indexed by a numeric id.</p> <p>E.g.</p> <div class="s-table-container"> <table class="s-table"> <thead> <tr> <th>item_1</th> <th>item_2</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> ...
<python><pandas><numpy>
2023-08-30 19:58:57
3
1,057
Lukas Hestermeyer
77,011,176
3,973,175
How to extend plot area to keep text inside of plot area without clipping
<p>I have a plot with a long text string that was inserted (string not determined by me, so I can't shorten it):</p> <pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection lines = [[(0, 1), (1, 1)], [(2, 3), (3, 3)], [(1, 2), (1, 3)]] z = [1, 2, 3] lc = LineCollection(lines, arra...
<python><matplotlib><plot-annotations>
2023-08-30 19:55:17
0
6,227
con
77,011,152
5,305,242
Python regex ignores first occurrence
<p>Attempting to ignore first and third occurrence of match and replace all date information. Here is trails which is not working.</p> <pre><code>Input = ''' Captured on: 08-29-2023 09:43:26 Start Time: 08-28-2023 11:11:57 1St Cycle Time: 08-28-2023 11:12:06 Channel-00 Cycles Completed: 4404 Channel-00 Triggered Tim...
<python><regex>
2023-08-30 19:50:58
3
458
OO7
77,010,734
843,458
python append list creates list of lists instead of one list
<p>I want to get a list of all images files.</p> <pre><code>imageExtensionList = ['jpg', '.arw', '.tif', 'mp4'] fileList = [] for extension in imageExtensionList: searchStr = str(importPath) + '/**/*.' + extension files = glob.glob(searchStr, recursive=True) fileList.append(files) </code></pre> <p>This howe...
<python><list>
2023-08-30 18:42:04
1
3,516
Matthias Pospiech
77,010,717
1,115,833
How to convert a string list of unquoted string entries to a list in Python?
<p>I have a bizzare problem where I am reading a csv file with entries like so:</p> <pre><code>4,[the mentalist, dodgeball, meet the fockers] 5,[godfather, the heat, friends] ... </code></pre> <p>I read this python using the csv module, and normally Id do:</p> <pre><code>import ast x=ast.literal_eval(row[1]) </code></p...
<python><python-3.x><csv>
2023-08-30 18:39:00
1
7,096
JohnJ
77,010,712
820,088
Group Range of Rows in Excel uisng Python Win32com
<p>I am attempting to group a range of rows in Excel using the win32com python api for Excel Objects. I can't seem to get it to work. My code is as follows:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code> excel = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch(&quot;Excel.Application&quot;) excel.Workbooks.Open(r&q...
<python><excel><win32com><group>
2023-08-30 18:38:30
2
4,435
Mike
77,010,708
1,015,703
SQLAlchemy 2.0 - Error when using "stringified" forward reference to models in separate files
<p>I want to put each of my SQLAlchemy models in a separate file, in a &quot;models&quot; package. Because of circular reference problems, I am trying to use the &quot;stringified&quot; forward reference trick.</p> <p>Here's the code in the &quot;models&quot; package:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><cod...
<python><sqlalchemy>
2023-08-30 18:37:11
0
1,625
David H
77,010,396
2,153,235
Getting pyreadline3.Readline's history working with Python 3.9
<p>I am following <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/7008316/2153235">this Q&amp;A</a>'s procedure for accessing Python's REPL command history -- specifically at the Conda prompt, not in an IDE.</p> <p>I am using Python 3.9 installed under Anaconda on Windows 10. Version 3.9 needed for backward compatibility with co...
<python><read-eval-print-loop><command-history>
2023-08-30 17:46:00
1
1,265
user2153235
77,010,245
10,237,558
Batch names and send HTTP request using panda.Series and Spark UDF
<p>I have a column &quot;names&quot; and I want to create an HTTP POST request using these names in the payload.</p> <pre><code># Create a Spark session spark = SparkSession.builder.appName('SparkByExamples.com').getOrCreate() bearerToken = 'abc' records = [] def insert(names): for name in names: fields =...
<python><pandas><dataframe><apache-spark><pyspark>
2023-08-30 17:22:59
1
632
Navidk
77,010,064
10,285,400
How to get all content related to file attachment by hitting an Get API in Python
<p>I am trying to get all the information such as name, content of the file downloaded when I hit a GET API programmatically.</p> <p><strong>Context :</strong></p> <p>I have a GET API, whenever I hit that API from browser it automatically downloads the file into the system, I can see that file in filesystem. I would li...
<python><salesforce>
2023-08-30 16:53:16
1
615
Jakka rohith
77,010,000
4,537,160
Python, __init__ method of abstract class implicitly being called?
<p>I'm not too familiar with the use of abstract classes, so I'm trying to understand what is happening in some code I'm using at the moment.</p> <p>In the code, I have a base dataset class, and some implementations of datasets inheriting from the main one, something like:</p> <pre><code>class dataset(metaclass=abc.ABC...
<python><oop><abstract-class><abc>
2023-08-30 16:44:24
1
1,630
Carlo
77,009,906
3,380,902
pass a tuple as parameter to sql query
<pre><code>at_lst = ['131','132','133'] at_tup = (*at_lst,) print(at_tup) ('131','132','133') </code></pre> <p>In my sql query, i am trying to pass this on a parameter, however, it doesn't work.</p> <pre><code>%%sql select * from main.schema.tbl where code IN ( '{{ at_tup }}' ) </code></pre> <p>This return no result...
<python><sql><jupyter-notebook><databricks>
2023-08-30 16:30:09
1
2,022
kms
77,009,878
19,003,861
Overriding LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = "page-name" for a specific function in Django
<p>I have a base.py file that states a default redirection page when the user registers and gets logged in.</p> <p><strong>base.py</strong></p> <pre><code>LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = &quot;index&quot; </code></pre> <p>I want to create to possibility for a user that connects from a specific page <code>page_1</code> to signup/l...
<python><django><django-views>
2023-08-30 16:26:27
1
415
PhilM
77,009,864
1,028,270
Is there any way to specify a parametrized test id inside the param set itself instead of as a separate array?
<p>We can use <code>ids=[]</code> to name the param sets:</p> <pre><code>@pytest.mark.parametrize( 'a, b', [ (1, {'Two Scoops of Django': '1.8'}), (True, 'Into the Brambles'), ('Jason likes cookies', [1, 2, 3]), (PYTEST_PLUGIN, 'plugin_template'), ], ids=[ 'int and di...
<python><pytest>
2023-08-30 16:24:11
1
32,280
red888
77,009,843
13,371,454
How to limit resources for airflow task or prevent execution of tasks which start spark jobs locally
<p>We administer Airflow cluster and different teams launch their DAGs on that cluster. These DAGs have to start very heavy spark jobs on many cores with hundreds Tb of RAM. Time-to-time someone launch these jobs in local mode on airflow node and it causes airflow go out of service. Is there any way to prevent launch o...
<python><apache-spark><airflow>
2023-08-30 16:21:31
2
376
Vladimir Shadrin
77,009,691
18,125,313
How to maximize the cache hit rate of the 2-element combinations?
<p>My question is simple, but I find it difficult to get the point straight, so please allow me to explain step by step.</p> <p>Suppose I have <code>N</code> items and <code>N</code> corresponding indices. Each item can be loaded using the corresponding index.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>def loa...
<python><algorithm><caching><combinations>
2023-08-30 15:58:43
5
3,446
ken
77,009,676
8,434,663
Why is a property on a subclass, that returns a type consistent with the same attribute on the superclass disallowed
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class Foo: bar: str class Bat(Foo): @property def bar(self) -&gt; str: ... </code></pre> <p>Given the above code, my typechecker (mypy) raises the following complaint:</p> <pre><code>error: Signature of &quot;bar&quot; incompatible with supertype &quo...
<python><inheritance><python-typing><mypy>
2023-08-30 15:56:51
1
1,657
Josh
77,009,539
3,406,455
best format for saving images to disk so that the loading speed is fastest
<p>What is the best format to save images to disk so that the loading speed is fastest ? I am guessing that <code>.JPG</code> format might be suboptimal, maybe some other format works better ?</p> <p><em>my case:</em> I have some 9k <code>.JPG</code> images (large 8000x8000 images) and am loading them (using PIL for th...
<python><pytorch><python-imaging-library>
2023-08-30 15:39:20
0
1,007
AnarKi
77,009,536
11,578,996
Efficiently bin data in python
<p>I am trying to summarise a database of activity times by user id to give an array of event count per timeslot to show a summary of weekly behaviour. I have approx. 35k ids over 3M events covering 2y of time in a pandas dataframe. I have two event time columns and I want to combine them into the same output array.</...
<python><pandas><performance><loops><group-by>
2023-08-30 15:38:59
1
389
ciaran haines
77,009,489
10,093,190
How to convert a lists of integers to a string of the individual bytes?
<p>I'm trying to print a list of bytes to a file in hex (or decimal, doesn't really make a difference for the sake of the question I believe). I'm baffled by how hard this appears to be in Python?</p> <p>Based on what I found <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19210414/byte-array-to-hex-string">here</a> (and ...
<python><python-3.x><string><list><hex>
2023-08-30 15:32:21
5
501
Opifex
77,009,394
139,692
Python -m Loading Site Package
<p>I have two packages installed via pip which are com.ziath.acacus and com.ziath.driver which install in 'dotted' packages. If I then write a module that imports these:</p> <pre><code>from com.ziath.acacus.reader import GiSReader from com.ziath.driver.Zebra2707 import Zebra2707 </code></pre> <p>When I execute these u...
<python><setuptools>
2023-08-30 15:21:56
0
946
Neil Benn
77,009,377
7,295,599
How to reduce size of PyInstaller RDKit executable?
<p>In order to find duplicate chemical structures, I was writing a little Python script using RDKit (Win10, Python3.11.3, without (Ana)Conda). The script seems to work, however, since I want to pass this script to someone who has no Python installation, I'm using <code>pyinstaller --onefile CheckSMILESduplicates.py</co...
<python><windows><pyinstaller><exe><rdkit>
2023-08-30 15:19:47
0
27,030
theozh
77,009,361
217,332
Type hints for classes with known supertype
<p>Using Python 3.8. I have the following stripped-down example that I haven't fully gotten to typecheck:</p> <pre><code>class A(ABC): property: str def implemented(self, arg: str) -&gt; None: self.property = arg @abstractmethod def not_implemented(self, another_arg: int) -&gt; int: pass def method...
<python><python-3.x><types><python-3.8>
2023-08-30 15:17:53
1
83,780
danben
77,009,305
4,267,439
pcolormesh quadrilateral alignment
<p>Looking at the <a href="https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.pcolormesh.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">documentation</a>, <code>quadrilateral</code> should have X, Y coordinates on the lower-left corner, but I get them with X,Y as center point. How can I fix it? Everything seems to be shif...
<python><matplotlib>
2023-08-30 15:11:50
2
2,825
rok
77,009,295
12,297,666
Different DTW Distance in FastDTW and dtaidistance
<p>I just started reading about DTW, and decided to try two Python packages, <a href="https://github.com/slaypni/fastdtw" rel="nofollow noreferrer">fastdtw</a> and <a href="https://dtaidistance.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">dtaidistance</a>.</p> <p>Consider the case of a multiclass timeseries cla...
<python><dtw>
2023-08-30 15:10:07
1
679
Murilo