article stringlengths 0 744k | abstract stringlengths 0 154k | embeddings list |
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additive models @xcite provide an important family of models for semiparametric regression or classification . some reasons for the success of additive models are their increased flexibility when compared to linear or generalized linear models and their increased interpretability when compared to fully nonparametric mo... | additive models play an important role in semiparametric statistics .
this paper gives learning rates for regularized kernel based methods for additive models .
these learning rates compare favourably in particular in high dimensions to recent results on optimal learning rates for purely nonparametric regularized ... | [
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the leptonic decays of a charged pseudoscalar meson @xmath7 are processes of the type @xmath8 , where @xmath9 , @xmath10 , or @xmath11 . because no strong interactions are present in the leptonic final state @xmath12 , such decays provide a clean way to probe the complex , strong interactions that bind the quark and an... | we have studied the leptonic decay @xmath0 , via the decay channel @xmath1 , using a sample of tagged @xmath2 decays collected near the @xmath3 peak production energy in @xmath4 collisions with the cleo - c detector .
we obtain @xmath5 and determine the decay constant @xmath6 mev , where the first uncertainties are... | [
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the transport properties of nonlinear non - equilibrium dynamical systems are far from well - understood@xcite .
consider in particular so - called ratchet systems which are asymmetric periodic potentials where an ensemble of particles experience directed transport@xcite .
the origins of the interest in this lie in con... | in 84 , 258 ( 2000 ) , mateos conjectured that current reversal in a classical deterministic ratchet is associated with bifurcations from chaotic to periodic regimes .
this is based on the comparison of the current and the bifurcation diagram as a function of a given parameter for a periodic asymmetric potential .
... | [
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studies of laser beams propagating through turbulent atmospheres are important for many applications such as remote sensing , tracking , and long - distance optical communications .
howerver , fully coherent laser beams are very sensitive to fluctuations of the atmospheric refractive index .
the initially coherent lase... | the effect of a random phase diffuser on fluctuations of laser light ( scintillations ) is studied .
not only spatial but also temporal phase variations introduced by the phase diffuser are analyzed .
the explicit dependence of the scintillation index on finite - time phase variations is obtained for long propagat... | [
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the so - called `` nucleon spin crisis '' raised by the european muon collaboration ( emc ) measurement in 1988 is one of the most outstanding findings in the field of hadron physics @xcite,@xcite .
the renaissance of the physics of high energy deep inelastic scatterings is greatly indebted to this epoch - making findi... | with a special intention of clarifying the underlying spin contents of the nucleon , we investigate the generalized form factors of the nucleon , which are defined as the @xmath0-th @xmath1-moments of the generalized parton distribution functions , within the framework of the chiral quark soliton model .
a particula... | [
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let @xmath1 . let @xmath2\longrightarrow [
0,\pi_{p , q}/2]$ ] be the integral @xmath3 where @xmath4 . the @xmath0-_sine functions _
, @xmath5 , $ ] are defined to be the inverses of @xmath6 , @xmath7\ ] ] extended to @xmath8 by the rules @xmath9 which make them periodic , continuous , odd with respect to 0 and even wi... | we improve the currently known thresholds for basisness of the family of periodically dilated @xmath0-sine functions .
our findings rely on a beurling decomposition of the corresponding change of coordinates in terms of shift operators of infinite multiplicity .
we also determine refined bounds on the riesz consta... | [
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the simulations we discuss here allowed us to obtain spectra of the shg response .
we employed comsol multiphysics software ( www.comsol.com ) in order to perform simulations of the linear optical response as described in ref .
@xcite . a unit cell containing a single sic pillar attached to the sic substrate
was constr... | we report on strong enhancement of mid - infrared second harmonic generation ( shg ) from sic nanopillars due to the resonant excitation of localized surface phonon - polaritons within the reststrahlen band .
the magnitude of the shg peak at the monopole mode experiences a strong dependence on the resonant frequency... | [
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with significant research efforts being directed to the development of neurocomputers based on the functionalities of the brain , a seismic shift is expected in the domain of computing based on the traditional von - neumann model .
the @xmath0 @xcite , @xmath1 @xcite and the ibm @xmath2 @xcite are instances of recent f... | synaptic memory is considered to be the main element responsible for learning and cognition in humans .
although traditionally non - volatile long - term plasticity changes have been implemented in nanoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic applications , recent studies in neuroscience have revealed that biological sy... | [
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the segmentation process as a whole can be thought of as consisting of two tasks : recognition and delineation .
recognition is to determine roughly `` where '' the object is and to distinguish it from other object - like entities .
although delineation is the final step for defining the spatial extent of the object re... | this paper investigates , using prior shape models and the concept of ball scale ( b - scale ) , ways of automatically recognizing objects in 3d images without performing elaborate searches or optimization .
that is , the goal is to place the model in a single shot close to the right pose ( position , orientation , ... | [
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one surprising result that has come out of the more than 200 extrasolar planet discoveries to date is the wide range of eccentricities observed . unlike our own solar system
, many of the extrasolar planets which are not tidally locked to their host stars have moderate eccentricities ( @xmath1 ) , and 15 planets have h... | long time coverage and high radial velocity precision have allowed for the discovery of additional objects in known planetary systems .
many of the extrasolar planets detected have highly eccentric orbits , which raises the question of how likely those systems are to host additional planets .
we investigate six sy... | [
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biological aggregations such as fish schools , bird flocks , bacterial colonies , and insect swarms @xcite have characteristic morphologies governed by the group members interactions with each other and with their environment .
the _ endogenous _ interactions , _
i.e. _ , those between individuals , often involve organ... | we study equilibrium configurations of swarming biological organisms subject to exogenous and pairwise endogenous forces . beginning with a discrete dynamical model
, we derive a variational description of the corresponding continuum population density .
equilibrium solutions are extrema of an energy functional , ... | [
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studies of charm decays are pursued for several different reasons .
first of all , there is the possibility of directly observing new physics beyond the standard model ( sm ) , since the effects of cp violation due to sm processes is highly suppressed allowing new physics contributions to be more easily seen than in @x... | i discuss new results on absolute branching ratios of charm mesons into specific exclusive final states , cabibbo suppressed decay rates , inclusive decays to @xmath0 mesons , limits on @xmath1 mixing , cp violation and t violation .
preliminary results from cleo - c now dominate the world average absolute branching... | [
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quantum - mechanical fluctuations during an early epoch of inflation provide a plausible mechanism to generate the energy - density perturbations responsible for observed cosmological structure . while it has been known for quite some time that inflation is consistent with open spatial hypersurfaces ( gott 1982 ; guth ... | cut - sky orthogonal mode analyses of the @xmath0-dmr 53 and 90 ghz sky maps are used to determine the normalization of a variety of open cosmogonical models based on the cold dark matter scenario . to constrain the allowed cosmological - parameter range for these open cosmogonies , the predictions of the dmr - normal... | [
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formation and bose - einstein condensation ( bec ) of molecules @xcite have recently been achieved based on ultracold atoms with magnetically - tuned feshbach resonances @xcite . in these experiments ,
feshbach coupling is induced by tuning a foreign molecular state near the scattering continuum , which allows for an e... | we present a two - channel model to describe the quantum state of two atoms with finite - range interaction near a feshbach resonance .
this model provides a simple picture to analytically derive the wave function and the binding energy of the molecular bound state .
the results agree excellently with the measurem... | [
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the study of supernovae ( sne ) has greatly advanced in the last few years .
intensive and highly automated monitoring of nearby galaxies ( e.g. , li et al .
1996 ; treffers et al .
1997 ; filippenko et al .
2001 ; dimai 2001 ; qiu & hu 2001 ) , wide - field , moderately deep surveys ( e.g. , reiss et al . 1998 ; gal -... | large numbers of supernovae ( sne ) have been discovered in recent years , and many more will be found in the near future . once discovered , further study of a sn and its possible use as an astronomical tool ( e.g. , as a distance estimator ) require knowledge of the sn type .
current classification methods rely al... | [
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the time varying stern - gerlach , sg , interaction of a relativistic fermion with an e.m .
wave has been proposed to separate beams of particles with opposite spin states corresponding to different energies@xcite .
we will show how spin polarized particle will exchange energy with the electromagnetic field of an rf re... | the general expression of the stern - gerlach force is deduced for a relativistic charged spin-@xmath0 particle which travels inside a time varying magnetic field .
this result was obtained either by means of two lorentz boosts or starting from dirac s equation .
then , the utilization of this interaction for atta... | [
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excitons in semiconductors have been the subject of many experimental and theoretical investigations of bose condensation .
low - energy exciton - exciton interactions are characterized by the exciton - exciton scattering length , @xmath5 , which determines the thermodynamics of a low density gas and is crucial for mod... | we calculate cross sections for low energy elastic exciton - exciton scattering within the effective mass approximation .
unlike previous theoretical approaches , we give a complete , non - perturbative treatment of the four - particle scattering problem .
diffusion monte carlo is used to calculate the essentially... | [
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inflation generically predicts a primordial spectrum of density perturbations which is almost precisely gaussian @xcite . in recent years
the small non - gaussian component @xcite has emerged as an important observable @xcite , and will be measured with good precision by the _
planck surveyor _ satellite @xcite . in th... | we present a novel method for calculating the primordial non - gaussianity produced by super - horizon evolution during inflation .
our method evolves the distribution of coarse - grained inflationary field values using a transport equation .
we present simple evolution equations for the moments of this distributi... | [
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for fixed integers @xmath0 and @xmath1 , we consider the admissible sequences of @xmath2 lattice paths in a colored @xmath3 square given in @xcite . each admissible sequence of paths can be associated with a partition @xmath10 of @xmath4 . in section
[ paths ] , we show that the number of self - conjugate admissible se... | for @xmath0 and @xmath1 , we consider certain admissible sequences of @xmath2 lattice paths in a colored @xmath3 square .
we show that the number of such admissible sequences of lattice paths is given by the sum of squares of the number of standard young tableaux of partitions of @xmath4 with height @xmath5 , which ... | [
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the lep experiments at the resonance of @xmath1-boson have tested the standard model ( sm ) at quantum level , measuring the @xmath1-decay into fermion pairs with an accuracy of one part in ten thousands .
the good agreement of the lep data with the sm predictions have severely constrained the behavior of new physics a... | various new physics models predict a light cp - odd higgs boson ( labeled as @xmath0 ) and open up new decay modes for @xmath1-boson , such as @xmath2 , @xmath3 and @xmath4 , which could be explored at the gigaz option of the ilc . in this work
we investigate these rare decays in several new physics models , namely ... | [
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it is well known that the classical magnetoresistance ( mr ) in metals or semiconductors with a closed free electron fermi surface increases quadratically with increasing magnetic field @xmath2 for @xmath3 and saturates when @xmath4 . here
@xmath5 is the zero - magnetic - field mobility .
hence , the extraordinarily hi... | a positive , non - saturating and dominantly linear magnetoresistance is demonstrated to occur in the surface state of a topological insulator having a wavevector - linear energy dispersion together with a finite positive zeeman energy splitting .
this linear magnetoresistance shows up within quite wide magnetic - f... | [
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a magnitude limited complete census of variable stars in nearby dwarf galaxies allows important contributions to the star formation history of these systems . measurements of some variable stars can supply improved distance determinations for the host galaxies , others will provide important constraints for the populat... | dwarf galaxies in the local group provide a unique astrophysical laboratory . despite their proximity some of these systems still lack a reliable distance determination as well as studies of their stellar content and star formation history .
we present first results of our survey of variable stars in a sample of six... | [
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in 1957 g.a . askaryan pointed out that ionisation and cavitation along a track of an ionising particle through a liquid leads to hydrodynamic radiation @xcite . in the 1960s , 1970s and 1980s ,
theoretical and experimental studies have been performed on the hydrodynamic radiation of beams and particles traversing den... | the generation of hydrodynamic radiation in interactions of pulsed proton and laser beams with matter is explored .
the beams were directed into a water target and the resulting acoustic signals were recorded with pressure sensitive sensors .
measurements were performed with varying pulse energies , sensor positio... | [
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the epoch of reionization signified the appearance of the first stars and galaxies within the first billion years after the big bang , and the transformation of the intergalactic medium ( igm ) from opaque to transparent . despite recent progress , however , it is not yet fully understood .
it is now well established t... | the wide field camera 3 ( wfc3 ) on the _ hubble space telescope _ ( _ hst _ ) enabled the search for the first galaxies observed at @xmath0 ( @xmath1 myr after the big bang ) . to continue quantifying the number density of the most luminous galaxies ( @xmath2 ) at the earliest epoch observable with _ hst
_ , we sea... | [
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invariants are a popular concept in object recognition and image retrieval @xcite .
they aim to provide descriptions that remain constant under certain geometric or radiometric transformations of the scene , thereby reducing the search space .
they can be classified into global invariants , typically based either on a... | _ this paper presents invariants under gamma correction and similarity transformations .
the invariants are local features based on differentials which are implemented using derivatives of the gaussian .
the use of the proposed invariant representation is shown to yield improved correlation results in a template m... | [
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it is believed that solar magnetic fields are created in the tachocline , the interface between the convection zone and the radiative interior . due to buoyancy instabilities ,
they move upward and emerge into the solar atmosphere in the form of @xmath0-shaped flux tubes @xcite .
the largest emerging active regions pro... | we investigate the emergence of magnetic flux in the quiet sun at very small spatial scales , focusing on the magnetic connection between the photosphere and chromosphere .
the observational data consist of spectropolarimetric measurements and filtergrams taken with the hinode satellite and the dutch open telescope ... | [
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the current observations , such as sneia ( supernovae type ia ) , cmb ( cosmic microwave background ) and large scale structure , converge on the fact that a spatially homogeneous and gravitationally repulsive energy component , referred as dark energy , accounts for about @xmath1 % of the energy density of universe .
... | we apply the statefinder diagnostic to the torsion cosmology , in which an accounting for the accelerated universe is considered in term of a riemann - cartan geometry : dynamic scalar torsion .
we find that there are some typical characteristic of the evolution of statefinder parameters for the torsion cosmology th... | [
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developments are currently underway to promote the sensitivity of ligo and to improve its prospect for detecting gravitational waves emitted by compact object binaries @xcite . of particular interest
are the detection of gravitational waves released during the inspiral and merger of binary black hole ( bbh ) systems .
... | matched - filtering for the identification of compact object mergers in gravitational - wave antenna data involves the comparison of the data stream to a bank of template gravitational waveforms . typically the template bank is constructed from phenomenological waveform models since these can be evaluated for an arbit... | [
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in quantum information processing , information is stored and processed with a quantum system .
a quantum system is always in contact with its surrounding environment , which leads to decoherence in the quantum system .
decoherence must be suppressed for quantum information stored in qubits to be intact .
there are sev... | we investigate an efficient quantum error correction of a fully correlated noise .
suppose the noise is characterized by a quantum channel whose error operators take fully correlated forms given by @xmath0 , @xmath1 and @xmath2 , where @xmath3 is the number of qubits encoding the codeword .
it is proved that ( i )... | [
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it has become a generally agreed concept that the euv dimming observed during the onset of a _ coronal mass ejection ( cme ) _ manifests the coronal mass loss of the cme , and thus we basically expect a one - to - one correlation between the detections of cmes and euv dimmings , unless there exist special circumstances... | this is the first attempt to model the kinematics of a cme launch and the resulting euv dimming quantitatively with a self - consistent model .
our 4d - model assumes self - similar expansion of a spherical cme geometry that consists of a cme front with density compression and a cavity with density rarefaction , sat... | [
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one of the fundamental problems in the classification of complex surfaces is to find a new family of complex surfaces of general type with @xmath0 . in this paper
we construct new simply connected _ numerical campedelli surfaces _ with an involution , i.e. simply connected minimal complex surfaces of general type with ... | we construct a simply connected minimal complex surface of general type with @xmath0 and @xmath1 which has an involution such that the minimal resolution of the quotient by the involution is a simply connected minimal complex surface of general type with @xmath0 and @xmath2 . in order to construct the example
, we c... | [
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supersymmetry ( susy ) is one of the most attractive extensions of the standard model .
this symmetry solves the naturalness problem and predicts gauge coupling unification at the gut scale @xmath1 .
it also predicts the existence of superpartner of the standard model ( sm ) particles . from the naturalness argument , ... | no - scale structure of the khler potential is obtained in many types of supersymmetric models . in this paper ,
phenomenological aspects of these models are investigated with special attention to the current higgs mass bound at lep and @xmath0 result at the cleo .
when the boundary condition is given at the gut s... | [
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the origin - destination ( od ) matrix is important in transportation analysis .
the matrix contains information on the number of travellers that commute or the amount of freight shipped between different zones of a region .
the od matrix is difficult and often costly to obtain by direct measurements / interviews or su... | the estimation of the number of passengers with the identical journey is a common problem for public transport authorities .
this problem is also known as the origin - destination estimation ( od ) problem and it has been widely studied for the past thirty years .
however , the theory is missing when the observati... | [
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high q cavities such as whispering gallery mode ( wgm ) cavities have recently demonstrated quality factors ( @xmath0 ) as high as @xmath3 and have shown the potential to reach even higher q values @xcite .
however , there are difficulties in measurement of the linewidth and q of such high q cavities . while in theory
... | we propose and experimentally demonstrate a method for non - invasive measurements of cavity parameters by injection of squeezed vacuum into an optical cavity .
the principle behind this technique is the destruction of the correlation between upper and lower quantum sidebands with respect to the carrier frequency wh... | [
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to enhance chemical reactivity of cu surfaces with nitrogen oxides ( no@xmath0 ) is an important issue for development of new catalytic materials effective in the no@xmath0 reduction process @xcite .
the dissociative adsorption of no@xmath0 , for example , was found to be less expected on cu , compared with highly reac... | to investigate chemical reactivity of cu atomic - scale structures , we performed simulations based on the generalized gradient approximation in the density functional theory .
an atomic layer of cu forming a triangular lattice ( tl ) was found to give a stable structure .
the nitrogen monoxide molecule ( no ) was... | [
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there are reasons to believe that cosmic rays ( crs ) around the ankle at @xmath0 gev are dominated by extragalactic protons @xcite .
scattering processes in the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) limit the propagation of ultra high energy ( uhe ) charged particles in our universe .
a continuation of a power - like c... | the origin and chemical composition of ultra high energy cosmic rays is still an open question in astroparticle physics .
the observed large - scale isotropy and also direct composition measurements can be interpreted as an extragalactic proton dominance above the _ ankle _ at about @xmath0 gev .
photopion product... | [
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a multistable system is one that possesses a large number of coexisting attractors for a fixed set of parameters .
there is ample evidence for such phenomena in the natural sciences , with examples coming from neurosciences and neural dynamics @xcite - @xcite , optics @xcite @xcite , chemistry @xcite @xcite @xcite , co... | the phenomenology of a system of two coupled quadratic maps is studied both analytically and numerically .
conditions for synchronization are given and the bifurcations of periodic orbits from this regime are identified .
in addition , we show that an arbitrarily large number of distinct stable periodic orbits may... | [
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in solid - core photonic crystal fibers ( pcf ) the air - silica microstructured cladding ( see fig . [ fig1 ] ) gives rise to a variety of novel phenomena @xcite including large - mode area ( lma ) endlessly - single mode operation @xcite .
though pcfs typically have optical properties very different from that of st... | we report on an easy - to - evaluate expression for the prediction of the bend - loss for a large mode area photonic crystal fiber ( pcf ) with a triangular air - hole lattice .
the expression is based on a recently proposed formulation of the v - parameter for a pcf and contains no free parameters .
the validity ... | [
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among the great variety of the works devoted to random motions at finite speed in the euclidean spaces @xmath8 ( see @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite for the markovian case and @xcite , @xcite for different non - markovian cases ) , the markov random flight in the three - dimensional euclidean space @xmath1 is , undou... | we consider the markov random flight @xmath0 in the three - dimensional euclidean space @xmath1 with constant finite speed @xmath2 and the uniform choice of the initial and each new direction at random time instants that form a homogeneous poisson flow of rate @xmath3 .
series representations for the conditional cha... | [
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multiscale dynamics is present in many phenomena , e.g. , turbulence @xcite , finance @xcite , geosciences @xcite , etc , to quote a few
. it has been found in many multiscale dynamics systems that the self - similarity is broken , in which the concept of multiscaling or multifractal is relevant @xcite .
this is charac... | the classical structure - function ( sf ) method in fully developed turbulence or for scaling processes in general is influenced by large - scale energetic structures , known as infrared effect .
therefore , the extracted scaling exponents @xmath0 might be biased due to this effect . in this paper , a detrended stru... | [
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a fair number of astronomers and astronomy students have a physical challenge .
it is our responsibility to learn the basics of accessibility to be able to help our library patrons to gain access to things that they need for their studies and work .
astronomy is often seen as a very visual science .
after all , its ori... | making online resources more accessible to physically challenged library users is a topic deserving informed attention from astronomy librarians .
recommendations like wcag 2.0 standards and section 508 , in the united states , have proven valuable , and some vendors are already making their products compliant with ... | [
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polluted white dwarfs ( typed with a suffix `` z '' ) provide an opportunity to investigate the ultimate fate of planetary systems .
although planets have not yet been detected around white dwarfs , the evidence for the presence of planetary debris around these objects lies in their polluted atmospheres .
approximately... | we present an analysis of intermediate - dispersion spectra and photometric data of the newly identified cool , polluted white dwarf nltt 19868 . the spectra obtained with x - shooter on the very large telescope ( vlt)-melipal show strong lines of calcium , and several lines of magnesium , aluminium and iron .
we u... | [
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the transformation , upon charge doping , of an antiferromagnetic ( af ) mott insulator into a superconducting ( sc ) metal and the role of af correlations in the appearance of superconductivity have challenged researchers since the discovery of high-@xmath12 superconductivity in cuprates .
is the af order an indispens... | the remarkable sensitivity of the @xmath0-axis resistivity and magnetoresistance in cuprates to the spin ordering is used to clarify the doping - induced transformation from an antiferromagnetic ( af ) insulator to a superconducting ( sc ) metal in @xmath1ba@xmath2cu@xmath3o@xmath4 ( @xmath1@xmath5lu , y ) single crys... | [
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massimo capone is thanked for useful discussions .
the sezione infn di pavia is acknowledged for granting the computing time necessary to perform dft calculations .
this work was supported by miur - prin2012 project no .
2012x3yfz2 . 99 n. f. mott , proc . phys
london , sect .
a * 62 * , 416 ( 1949 ) .
t. wu , h.... | @xmath0as , @xmath1rb and @xmath2rb nuclear quadrupole resonance ( nqr ) and @xmath1rb nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) measurements in rbfe@xmath3as@xmath3 iron - based superconductor are presented .
we observe a marked broadening of @xmath0as nqr spectrum below @xmath4 k which is associated with the onset of a c... | [
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the statistical mechanics of pure systems
most prominently the topic of phase transitions and their associated surface phenomena has been a subject of fairly intensive research in recent years .
several physical principles for pure systems ( the gibbs phase rule , wulff construction , etc . ) have been put on a mathe... | using the formalism of rigorous statistical mechanics , we study the phenomena of phase separation and freezing - point depression upon freezing of solutions .
specifically , we devise an ising - based model of a solvent - solute system and show that , in the ensemble with a fixed amount of solute , a macroscopic ph... | [
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compact symmetric objects ( csos ) are a family of extragalactic radio sources comprising roughly 3% of flux - limited samples selected at high frequencies ( taylor , readhead , & pearson 1996 ; peck & taylor 2001 ) .
their defining characteristic is the presence of high luminosity radio components on both sides of a c... | we report on a multi - frequency , multi - epoch campaign of very long baseline interferometry observations of the radio galaxy 1946 + 708 using the vlba and a global vlbi array . from these high - resolution observations
we deduce the kinematic age of the radio source to be @xmath04000 years , comparable with the a... | [
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in @xcite the problem of how to give an explicit combinatorial definition of weak higher categories was solved , and the development of a conceptual framework for their further analysis was begun . in the aftermath of this , the expository work of other authors , most notably street @xcite and leinster @xcite , contrib... | one of the open problems in higher category theory is the systematic construction of the higher dimensional analogues of the gray tensor product . in this paper
we continue the work of @xcite to adapt the machinery of globular operads @xcite to this task .
the resulting theory includes the gray tensor product of 2... | [
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cp violation , initially observed @xcite only in the @xmath7@xmath8 system , is one feature of the standard model ( sm ) that still defies clear theoretical understanding . the ckm picture , which describes _ all _ the _ observed _ cp violation in terms of a single phase in the quark - mixing matrix , has been vindica... | the longitudinal polarization of fermions ( tops and taus ) produced in sfermion decays to neutralinos or charginos can be a useful tool for the determination of susy parameters .
we discuss this fermion polarization in the context of the mssm with complex parameters .
we show that the dependence on cp - violating... | [
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the variability of ex lup was discovered by miss e. janssen in 1944 while examining spectral plates at the harvard observatory ( mclaughlin 1946 ) .
herbig ( 1950 ) first pointed out the similarity of ex lupi s spectral characteristics and t tauri stars with strong emission lines of h , caii , feii , and hei . in one o... | we have observed an outburst of the t tauri star ex lup in march 1994 .
we present both photometric ( bvr ) and spectroscopic ( low and medium resolution ) observations carried out during the decline after outburst .
the star appears much bluer during outburst due to an increased emission of a hot continuum .
th... | [
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the liquid - gas ( lg ) phase transition in nuclear matter remains illusive and a hot research topic despite of the great efforts devoted to understanding its nature and experimental manifestations by the nuclear physics community over many years@xcite .
for a recent review , see , e.g. , refs.@xcite .
most of the prev... | the liquid - gas phase transition in hot neutron - rich nuclear matter is investigated within a self - consistent thermal model using different interactions with or without isospin and/or momentum dependence .
the boundary of the phase - coexistence region is shown to be sensitive to the density dependence of the nu... | [
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the study of the phase transition of frustrated spin systems on two - dimensional ( 2d ) lattices is a central problem in modern condensed mater physics .
a competition of exchange interaction can lead to frustration , where spatial arrangement of magnetic ions in a crystal for which a simultaneous antiparallel orderin... | the phase transition of the quantum spin-@xmath0 frustrated heisenberg antiferroferromagnet on an anisotropic square lattice is studied by using a variational treatment .
the model is described by the heisenberg hamiltonian with two antiferromagnetic interactions : nearest - neighbor ( nn ) with different coupling s... | [
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the entanglement entropy , as a tool to detect and classify quantum phase transitions , has been playing an important role in the last fifteen years ( see @xcite and references therein ) . in one dimension , where most of the critical quantum chains are conformal invariant , the entanglement entropy provides a powerful... | we study the generalized mutual information @xmath0 of the ground state of different critical quantum chains . the generalized mutual information definition that we use is based on the well established concept of the rnyi divergence .
we calculate this quantity numerically for several distinct quantum chains having ... | [
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it has been known for a long time that owing to planar property and mutual focussing , colliding plane waves ( cpw ) result in spacelike singularities [ 1 ] .
these singularities are somewhat weakened when the waves are endowed with a relative cross polarization prior to the collision . a solution given by chandrasekha... | the quasiregular singularities ( horizons ) that form in the collision of cross polarized electromagnetic waves are , as in the linear polarized case , unstable .
the validity of the helliwell - konkowski stability conjecture is tested for a number of exact backreaction cases . in the test electromagnetic case
the... | [
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in adaptive control and recursive parameter estimation one often needs to adjust recursively an estimate @xmath0 of a vector @xmath1 , which comprises @xmath2 constant but unknown parameters , using measurements of a quantity @xmath3 here @xmath4 is a vector of known data , often called the regressor , and @xmath5 is a... | we propose a tuner , suitable for adaptive control and ( in its discrete - time version ) adaptive filtering applications , that sets the second derivative of the parameter estimates rather than the first derivative as is done in the overwhelming majority of the literature . comparative stability and performance analy... | [
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the construction of background field formalism for n=2 super - yang - mills theory ( sym ) in projective hyperspace ( @xmath0 ) @xcite is an open problem .
such a formalism is desirable for any ( non-)supersymmetric theory as it simplifies ( loop ) calculations and even intermediate steps respect gauge covariance . a m... | we introduce a new background field method for n=2 superspace .
( we treat projective hyperspace , but similar remarks apply for the harmonic case . ) in analogy to n=1 , background gauge fields are in the real representation , so the lowest - dimension potentials are spinor and the usual non - renormalization theor... | [
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the experimental data used in this paper were collected by the forward looking radar of the us army research laboratory @xcite . that radar was built for detection and possible identification of shallow explosive - like targets .
since targets are three dimensional objects , one needs to measure a three dimensional in... | a new numerical method is proposed for a 1-d inverse medium scattering problem with multi - frequency data .
this method is based on the construction of a weighted cost functional .
the weight is a carleman weight function ( cwf ) . in other words , this is the function , which is present in the carleman estimate ... | [
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the @xmath3-transformation has been extensively studied since the seminal paper of rnyi in 1957 .
there is a huge amount of literature on the map itself and on the associated symbolic dynamics . over the past decade
, people became interested in the @xmath2-transformation , changing the slope of the map from positive t... | given a real number @xmath0 , we study the associated @xmath1-shift introduced in @xcite .
we compares some aspects of the @xmath2-shift to the @xmath3-shift .
when the expansion in base @xmath4 of @xmath5 is periodic with odd period or when @xmath6 is strictly less than the golden ratio , the @xmath1-shift , as d... | [
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although the sunspot number varies periodically with time with an average period of 11 year , the individual cycle period ( length ) and also the strength ( amplitude ) vary in a random way .
it is observed that the stronger cycles have shorter periods and vice versa .
this leads to an important feature of solar cycle ... | the sunspot number varies roughly periodically with time .
however the individual cycle durations and the amplitudes are found to vary in an irregular manner .
it is observed that the stronger cycles are having shorter rise times and vice versa .
this leads to an important effect know as the waldmeier effect .
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reticulation processes refer to the transfer of genetic material between living organisms in a non - reproduction manner .
horizontal gene transfer is believed to be a highly significant reticulation process occurring between single - cell organisms ( doolittle and bapteste 2007 ; treangen and rocha 2011 ) .
other reti... | phylogenetic networks are mathematical structures for modeling and visualization of reticulation processes in the study of evolution .
galled networks , reticulation visible networks , nearly - stable networks and stable - child networks are the four classes of phylogenetic networks that are recently introduced to s... | [
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in @xcite a database containing a solution of the 3d incompressible navier - stokes ( ns ) equations is presented .
the equations were solved numerically with a standard pseudo - spectral simulation in a periodic domain , using a real space grid of @xmath0 grid points .
a large - scale body force drives a turbulent flo... | the jhu turbulence database @xcite can be used with a state of the art visualisation tool @xcite to generate high quality link : anc / dfdsubmissionquarterres.mpg[fluid dynamics videos ] . in this work
we investigate the classical idea that smaller structures in turbulent flows , while engaged in their own internal ... | [
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in recent years electron transfer ( et ) between molecular adsorbates and semiconductor nanomaterials and surfaces has been subject of much research @xcite .
the injection of an electron into the conduction band is a prototype reaction for a lot of electrochemical and photoelectrochemical interfacial processes such as ... | electron injection from an adsorbed molecule to the substrate ( heterogeneous electron transfer ) is studied .
one reaction coordinate is used to model this process .
the surface phonons and/or the electron - hole pairs together with the internal degrees of freedom of the adsorbed molecule as well as possibly a li... | [
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compact x - ray sources exhibit a wide range of temporal variabilities ( from milliseconds to years ) .
perhaps none of these is as exotic and diverse as the x - ray temporal variability observed from the black hole microquasar grs 1915 + 105 ( castro - tirado , brandt , & lund 1992 ; greiner , morgan , & remillard 19... | during the past two years , the galactic black hole microquasar grs 1915 + 105 has exhibited a bewildering diversity of large amplitude , chaotic variability in x - rays .
although it is generally accepted that the variability in this source results from an accretion disk instability , the exact nature of the insta... | [
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galaxy clusters , the largest gravitationally - bound structures in the universe , are ideal cosmological tools .
accurate measurements of their masses provide a crucial observational constraint on cosmological models .
several dynamical methods have been available to estimate cluster masses , such as ( 1 ) optical mea... | recent studies of lensing clusters reveal that it might be fairly common for a galaxy cluster that the x - ray center has an obvious offset from its gravitational center which is measured by strong lensing .
we argue that if these offsets exist , then x - rays and lensing are indeed measuring different regions of a ... | [
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we study the problem to find solutions of _ non - homogeneous _
double - confluent heun equations that are monodromy eigenfunctions .
our study is motivated by applications to nonlinear equations modeling the josephson effect in superconductivity .
the main results , their existence and uniqueness ( theorems [ noncom ]... | we study a family of double confluent heun equations that are linearizations of nonlinear equations on two - torus modeling the josephson effect in superconductivity .
they have the form @xmath0 , where @xmath1 is a family of differential operators of order two acting on germs of holomorphic functions in one complex... | [
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nuclear fragmentation resulting from heavy ion collsions is a complex phenomenon .
the role of equilibration and dynamics has not yet been determined as a plethora of approaches have been investigated .
examples of approaches are evaporative pictures@xcite , percolation models@xcite , lattice gas models , and dynamical... | the statistical model of chase and mekjian , which offers an analytic solution for the canonical ensemble of non - interacting fragments , is investigated for it s thermodynamic behavior .
various properties of the model , which exhibits a first - order phase transition , are studied .
the effects of finite partic... | [
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in the standard model ( sm ) , the only source of cp violation is the kobayashi - maskawa phase @xcite , localized in the unitarity triangle ( ut ) of the cabibbo - kobayashi - maskawa ( ckm ) matrix @xcite .
thanks to the precise measurements at the current @xmath3-factories , cp violation could be established in @xma... | we study the implication of the time - dependent cp asymmetry in @xmath0 decays on the extraction of weak phases taking into account the precise measurement of @xmath1 , obtained from the `` gold - plated''mode @xmath2 .
predictions and uncertainties for the hadronic parameters are investigated in qcd factorization ... | [
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the natural shape of an isolated self - gravitating fluid is axially symmetric .
for this reason , exact axial symmetric solutions of einstein field equations are good candidates to model astrophysical bodies in general relativity . in the last decades
, several exact solutions were studied as possible galactic models ... | the stability of a recently proposed general relativistic model of galaxies is studied in some detail .
this model is a general relativistic version of the well known miyamoto - nagai model that represents well a thick galactic disk .
the stability of the disk is investigated under a general first order perturbati... | [
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the open connectome project ( located at http://openconnecto.me ) aims to annotate all the features in a 3d volume of neural em data , connect these features , and compute a high resolution wiring diagram of the brain , known as a connectome .
it is hoped that such work will help elucidate the structure and function of... | * _ abstract _ : * in this paper , we present a new pipeline which automatically identifies and annotates axoplasmic reticula , which are small subcellular structures present only in axons .
we run our algorithm on the kasthuri11 dataset , which was color corrected using gradient - domain techniques to adjust contra... | [
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the cdf collaboration has reported an excess in the production of two jets in association with a @xmath1 boson production @xcite from data collected at the tevatron with a center - of - mass energy of 1.96 tev and an integrated luminosity of 4.3 fb@xmath6 .
the @xmath1 boson is identified through a charged lepton ( ... | the recent data on @xmath0dijet excess reported by cdf may be interpreted as the associated production of a @xmath1 and a new particle of mass about 150 gev which subsequently decays into two hadron jets .
we study the possibility of explaining the @xmath0dijet excess by colored scalar bosons .
there are several c... | [
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x - ray studies of fairly normal " galaxies , with high - energy emission not obviously dominated by a luminous active galactic nucleus ( agn ) , have recently been extended to cosmologically interesting distances in the deep field ( cdf ) surveys , which have now reached 1 ms of exposure ( cdf - n : hornschemeier e... | we present a statistical x - ray study of spiral galaxies in the hubble deep field - north and its flanking fields using the chandra deep field north 1 ms dataset .
we find that @xmath0 galaxies with @xmath1 have ratios of x - ray to @xmath2-band luminosity similar to those in the local universe , although the dat... | [
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topological phase of condensed matter systems is a quantum many - body state with nontrivial momentum or real space topology in the hilbert spaces @xcite .
recent newly discovered topological superconductor ( tsc ) has spawned considerable interests since this kind of topological phase supports the emergence of majoran... | the asymmetric spin - orbit interactions play a crucial role in realizing topological phases in noncentrosymmetric superconductor ( ncs ) .
we investigate the edge states and the vortex core states in the @xmath0-wave ncs with dresselhaus ( 110 ) spin - orbit coupling by both numerical and analytical methods .
in ... | [
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the discovery of topological insulators in 2d and 3d has recently attracted a great deal of attention @xcite ( reference therein ) . the appearance of the gapless edge states within the bulk gap is generally believed to be a signature of the topological insulator .
generally speaking , a topological insulator has gaple... | in this work , we consider a tight binding lattice with two non - hermitian impurities .
the system is described by a non - hermitian generalization of the aubry andre model .
we show for the first time that there exists topologically nontrivial edge states with real spectra in the @xmath0 symmetric region .
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in the past decade , observations of type ia supernovae ( sne ia ; riess et al .
1998 ; schmidt et al . 1998 ; perlmutter et al . 1999 ) , cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) fluctuations ( bennett et al . 2003 ; spergel et al . 2003 , 2007 ) , and large - scale structures ( lss ; tegmark et al . 2004 , 2006 ) have bee... | an important concern in the application of gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) to cosmology is that the calibration of grb luminosity / energy relations depends on the cosmological model , due to the lack of a sufficient low - redshift grb sample . in this paper
, we present a new method to calibrate grb relations in a cosm... | [
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quantum systems can be correlated in ways that supersede classical descriptions .
however , there are degrees of non - classicality for quantum correlations . for simplicity , we consider only bipartite correlations , with the two , spatially separated , parties being named alice and bob as usual . at the weaker end... | the question of which two - qubit states are steerable ( i.e. permit a demonstration of epr - steering ) remains open . here
, a strong necessary condition is obtained for the steerability of two - qubit states having maximally - mixed reduced states , via the construction of local hidden state models .
it is conj... | [
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almost forty years ago exotic , apparently hybrid and unexpected events , dubbed centauros , were observed in cosmic ray ( cr ) experiments in emulsion chambers in chacaltaya by lattes and collaborators @xcite .
those events were very different from what is commonly observed in crs , exhibiting a large number of hadron... | although the generation of disoriented chiral condensates ( dccs ) , where the order parameter for chiral symmetry breaking is misaligned with respect to the vacuum direction in isospin state , is quite natural in the theory of strong interactions , they have so far eluded experiments in accelerators and cosmic rays .... | [
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several decades ago , @xcite postulated that the absorption lines observed in the spectra of distant qsos are due to the extended gaseous halos of intervening galaxies . since that time
, astronomers have identified the galaxies associated with the observed absorption ( e.g. , * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ?
* ; * ? ? ?
* ) and ha... | we study the cool gas around a galaxy at @xmath0 using keck / lris spectroscopy of a bright ( @xmath1 ) background galaxy at @xmath2 at a transverse distance of @xmath3 kpc .
the background galaxy spectrum reveals strong , , , and absorption at the redshift of the foreground galaxy , with a @xmath4 rest equivalent w... | [
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superconducting josephson junction qubit is one of the most promising candidates for implementing quantum computation @xcite .
single qubit coherent oscillations in superconducting qubits have been demonstrated experimentally @xcite and furthermore two qubit coupling and entanglement have been performed in charge @xcit... | we propose a scheme for tunable coupling of phase - coupled flux qubits .
the phase - coupling scheme can provide a strong coupling strength of the order of josephson coupling energy of josephson junctions in the connecting loop , while the previously studied inductive coupling scheme can not provide due to small mu... | [
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in 1985 , hoare s paper _ a couple of novelties in the propositional calculus _ @xcite was published . in this paper
the ternary connective @xmath0 is introduced as the _
conditional_. with @xmath1 and @xmath2 denoting programs and @xmath3 a boolean expression . ] a more common expression for a conditional statement @... | proposition algebra is based on hoare s conditional connective , which is a ternary connective comparable to if - then - else and used in the setting of propositional logic .
conditional statements are provided with a simple semantics that is based on evaluation trees and that characterizes so - called free valuatio... | [
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the presence of a surfactant film at a fluid - fluid interface alters the dynamics of the interface .
this is manifested in behavior of the interfacial waves , induced either externally or by thermal fluctuations @xcite .
the interfacial dynamics can be probed by measuring the light scattered on such surface waves ( se... | a theoretical study is presented of surface waves at a monomolecular surfactant film between an isotropic liquid and a nematic liquid crystal for the case when the surfactant film is in the isotropic two - dimensional fluid phase and induces homeotropic ( normal to the interface ) orientation of the nematic director .... | [
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one of the most interesting topic of quantum physics in recent days is the characterization of universal properties of bosonic many - body system in the unitary regime @xcite . by using the feshbach resonance the two - body scattering length @xmath1
is tuned to very large values .
the unitary regime is characterized b... | we study three - dimensional bosonic cluster interacting through van der waals potential at large scattering length .
we use faddeev - type decomposition of the many - body wave function which includes all possible two - body correlations . at large scattering length ,
a series of efimov - like states appear which... | [
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the visionary who first thought of using the spin polarization of a single electron to encode a binary bit of information has never been identified conclusively .
folklore has it that feynman mentioned this notion in casual conversations ( circa 1985 ) , but to this author s knowledge there did not exist concrete schem... | this article reviews the use of single electron spins to compute . in classical computing schemes , a binary bit
is represented by the spin polarization of a single electron confined in a quantum dot .
if a weak magnetic field is present , the spin orientation becomes a binary variable which can encode logic 0 and... | [
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circumstellar material holds clues about the mass - loss history of massive stars . indeed ,
as the winds interact with the interstellar medium ( wind - blown bubbles , bow shocks ) , they leave a characteristic signature that depends on the wind properties . moreover , the material ejected during short eruptive phases... | the last part of sps5 dealt with the circumstellar environment .
structures are indeed found around several types of massive stars , such as blue and red supergiants , as well as wrs and lbvs . as shown in the last years
, the potential of ir for their study is twofold : first , ir can help discover many previousl... | [
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this paper presents data for the last two patches ( c and d ) of the sky observed by the public eso imaging survey ( eis ) , being carried out in preparation for the first year of regular operation of vlt .
the i - band data reported here covers a total area of 12 square degrees , down to @xmath6 , corresponding to two... | this paper presents the i - band data obtained by the eso imaging survey ( eis ) over two patches of the sky , 6 square degrees each , centered at @xmath0 , @xmath1 , and @xmath2 , @xmath3 .
the data are being made public in the form of object catalogs and , photometrically and astrometrically calibrated pixel maps ... | [
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over the past 70 years , there have been multiple attempts to dynamically model the movement of polymer chains with brownian dynamics @xcite , which have more recently been used as a model for dna filament dynamics @xcite .
one of the first and simplest descriptions was given as the rouse model @xcite , which is a b... | a multi - resolution bead - spring model for polymer dynamics is developed as a generalization of the rouse model .
a polymer chain is described using beads of variable sizes connected by springs with variable spring constants . a numerical scheme which can use different timesteps to advance the positions of differe... | [
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a geodesic flow in a given direction on a translation surface induces on a transverse segment an interval exchange map .
dynamic of such transformations has been extensively studied during these last thirty years providing applications to billiards in rational polygons , to measured foliations on surfaces , to teichmll... | interval exchange maps are related to geodesic flows on translation surfaces ; they correspond to the first return maps of the vertical flow on a transverse segment .
the rauzy - veech induction on the space of interval exchange maps provides a powerful tool to analyze the teichmller geodesic flow on the moduli spac... | [
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cataclysmic variables ( cvs ) are short - period binaries containing a white dwarf ( wd ) primary ( with mass @xmath2 ) and a low mass main sequence secondary ( with mass @xmath3 ) .
the secondary fills its roche lobe and transfers mass to the wd through the inner lagrangian ( @xmath4 ) point .
the main features of the... | we investigate if consequential angular momentum losses ( caml ) or an intrinsic deformation of the donor star in cvs could increase the cv bounce period from the canonical theoretical value @xmath0 min to the observed value @xmath1 min , and if a variation of these effects in a cv population could wash out the theore... | [
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we first classify the multiplicity - free permutation characters given by the actions of symmetric groups on their conjugacy classes .
for this we shall need the following lemma , ultimately due to frobenius , which implies that multiplicity - free permutation characters only come from permutation actions with relative... | building on work of saxl , we classify the multiplicity - free permutation characters of all symmetric groups of degree @xmath0 or more . a corollary is a complete list of the irreducible characters of symmetric groups ( again of degree @xmath0 or more ) which may appear in a multiplicity - free permutation representa... | [
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having been discovered more than a century ago @xcite , whistler waves become one of the most important waves in plasmas . such waves ( also known as helicons in solid state plasmas ) are low - frequency ( lf ) ( in comparison with the electron - cyclotron frequency , @xmath0 ) right - hand circularly polarized ( rcp ... | the nonlinear propagation of electromagnetic ( em ) electron - cyclotron waves ( whistlers ) along an external magnetic field , and their modulation by electrostatic small but finite amplitude ion - acoustic density perturbations are investigated in a uniform quantum plasma with intrinsic spin of electrons .
the eff... | [
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since its discovery , in 1980 , the quantum hall ( qh ) effect @xcite has been a very rich source of interesting problems related to topological and correlation effects in condensed matter systems .
the qh effect is observed in two - dimensional electron gases@xcite ( 2deg ) exposed to a strong magnetic field perpendic... | interference of fractionally charged quasi - particles is expected to lead to aharonov - bohm oscillations with periods larger than the flux quantum @xmath0 . however , according to the byers - yang theorem , observables of an electronic system are invariant under adiabatic insertion of a quantum of singular flux .
... | [
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the increasing ability of the direct @xmath0-body method to provide reliable models of the dynamical evolution of star clusters has closely mirrored increases in computing power ( heggie 2011 ) .
the community has progressed from small-@xmath0 models performed on workstations ( e.g. von hoerner 1963 ; mcmillan , hut & ... | we report on the results of a direct @xmath0-body simulation of a star cluster that started with @xmath1 , comprising @xmath2 single stars and @xmath3 primordial binaries .
the code used for the simulation includes stellar evolution , binary evolution , an external tidal field and the effects of two - body relaxatio... | [
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cross sections of high - energy nuclear reactions are expressed in terms of nuclear parton distribution functions ( npdfs ) , so that precise npdfs are essential for finding any new phenomena in the high - energy reactions .
recently , this topic is becoming important in heavy - ion collisions for investigating propert... | nuclear parton distribution functions ( npdfs ) are determined by global analyses of experimental data on structure - function ratios @xmath0 and drell - yan cross - section ratios @xmath1 .
the analyses are done in the leading order ( lo ) and next - to - leading order ( nlo ) of running coupling constant @xmath2 .... | [
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let @xmath0 be an oriented surface of finite type , i.e. @xmath0 is a closed surface of genus @xmath1 from which @xmath2 points , so - called _ punctures _ , have been deleted .
we assume that @xmath3 , i.e. that @xmath0 is not a sphere with at most @xmath7 punctures or a torus with at most @xmath8 puncture .
we then c... | let @xmath0 be an oriented surface of genus @xmath1 with @xmath2 punctures and @xmath3 .
we construct an uncountable family of probability measures on the space @xmath4 of area one holomorphic quadratic differentials over the moduli space for @xmath0 containing the usual lebesgue measure .
these measures are invar... | [
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general relativity in spacetime dimension @xmath3 larger than four supports black brane solutions that , unlike in lower dimensions , are not uniquely characterized by their asymptotic charges ( mass , spin , gauge charges ) .
an example of this situation is the kaluza - klein black hole , a solution of the einstein eq... | we study the thermodynamics of small black holes in compactified spacetimes of the form @xmath0 .
this system is analyzed with the aid of an effective field theory ( eft ) formalism in which the structure of the black hole is encoded in the coefficients of operators in an effective worldline lagrangian . in this eff... | [
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the mauritius radio telescope ( mrt ) @xcite is a fourier synthesis , t - shaped non - coplanar array operating at 151.5 mhz .
the telescope was built to fill the gap in the availability of deep sky surveys at low radio frequencies in the southern hemisphere .
the aim of the survey with mrt is to contribute to the da... | a steradian of the southern sky has been imaged at 151.5 mhz using the mauritius radio telescope ( mrt ) .
these images show systematics in positional errors of sources when compared to source positions in the molonglo reference catalogue ( mrc ) .
we have applied two - dimensional homography to correct for syste... | [
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the properties of the relativistic fermi gas ( rfg ) model of the nucleus @xcite have inspired the idea of superscaling . in the rfg model , the responses of the system to an external perturbation
are related to a universal function of a properly defined scaling variable which depends upon the energy and the momentum t... | superscaling analysis of electroweak nuclear response functions is done for momentum transfer values from 300 to 700 mev / c .
some effects , absent in the relativistic fermi gas model , where the superscaling holds by construction , are considered . from the responses calculated for the @xmath0c , @xmath1o and @xma... | [
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one of the oldest problems of algebra is the equation solvability problem over a given algebraic structure . nowadays ,
many such classical problems arise in a new perspective , namely to consider their computational complexity . in this paper
we investigate the complexity of the equation solvability problem over finit... | the complexity of the equation solvability problem is known for nilpotent groups , for not solvable groups and for some semidirect products of abelian groups .
we provide a new polynomial time algorithm for deciding the equation solvability problem over certain semidirect products , where the first factor is not nec... | [
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gliese 229b is not only the first brown dwarf recognized as genuine @xcite , but it is also the brightest and best - studied t dwarf known . with an effective temperature of @xmath5k , it lies squarely between the latest l dwarfs ( @xmath6k , @xcite ) and the giant planets of the solar system ( @xmath7k ) .
indeed , it... | we present new , high resolution , infrared spectra of the t dwarf gliese 229b in the @xmath0 , @xmath1 , and @xmath2 bandpasses .
we analyze each of these as well as previously published spectra to determine its metallicity and the abundances of nh@xmath3 and co in terms of the surface gravity of gl 229b , which re... | [
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densely - grafted chains on nonadsorbing substrate surfaces form the so - called `` polymer brush''@xcite .
these systems find various important applications @xcite , e.g. as lubricants @xcite , for colloid stabilization @xcite , for tuning of adhesion and wetting properties @xcite , for improving the biocompatibility ... | the absorption of free linear chains in a polymer brush was studied with respect to chain size @xmath0 and compatibility @xmath1 with the brush by means of monte carlo ( mc ) simulations and density functional theory ( dft ) / self - consistent field theory ( scft ) at both moderate , @xmath2 , and high , @xmath3 , gr... | [
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systems of interacting open- and closed - strings play important roles in several aspects of string theory .
it has been found out that theories even formulated as pure closed - strings have open - string sectors when they are accompanied by d - branes @xcite .
one of the most important features of such open - closed m... | system of a d - brane in bosonic string theory on a constant @xmath0 field background is studied in order to obtain further insight into the bulk - boundary duality .
boundary states which describe arbitrary numbers of open - string tachyons and gluons are given .
uv behaviors of field theories on the non - commut... | [
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in the last years wireless communication systems coped with the problem of delivering reliable information while granting high throughput . this problem has often been faced resorting to channel codes able to correct errors even at low signal to noise ratios .
as pointed out in table i in @xcite , several standards for... | this work proposes a general framework for the design and simulation of network on chip based turbo decoder architectures .
several parameters in the design space are investigated , namely the network topology , the parallelism degree , the rate at which messages are sent by processing nodes over the network and the... | [
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