text
large_stringlengths
148
17k
id
large_stringlengths
47
47
score
float64
2.69
5.31
tokens
int64
36
7.79k
format
large_stringclasses
13 values
topic
large_stringclasses
2 values
fr_ease
float64
20
157
(THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RATE OF A REACTION) The purpose of this demonstration is to show the effect of temperature upon the rate of a reaction. This demonstration is appropriate for a general or first-year college-prep course. The rate of formation of CO2 (g) from the reaction of Alka-Seltzer tablets with wat...
<urn:uuid:65cb687d-3f68-4958-83eb-af743acd72ed>
3.984375
605
Tutorial
Science & Tech.
43.960977
Concept A: Absolute Zero. The lowest possible temp is around -273degC. It is labeled 0K on the Kelvin scale. K = degC + 273 degC = K - 273 Gas volumes are proportional to K temps. A temp change from 20K to 40K will double the volume. A temp change from 20degC to 40degC does not. (It will increase the volume by 313K / 2...
<urn:uuid:c5fb0ccc-c359-4fb7-8dc9-5cd03f849c79>
4.375
907
Tutorial
Science & Tech.
78.602143
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2006 August 7 Explanation: Our Sun is still very active. In the year 2000, our Sun went though Solar Maximum, the time in its 11-year cycle where th...
<urn:uuid:88be11d4-de8d-492c-8475-e850f41310c1>
3.546875
252
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
43.020577
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2008 June 18 Explanation: What if the atmosphere above you became one gigantic lens? This actually happens when a nearly transparent sheet of pyrami...
<urn:uuid:1309cec4-34fd-4e84-baa9-bf242be7d547>
3.59375
263
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
37.503707
|Author||Massachusetts Institute of Technology| |Publisher||Massachusetts Institute of Technology| |Linking from code with a different license||Yes| The MIT License is a free software license originating at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). It is a permissive free software license, meaning that it permit...
<urn:uuid:af6be989-5b7c-43fa-b634-e1cc836113b9>
2.765625
1,239
Documentation
Software Dev.
34.493986
The factorials and binomials have a very long history connected with their natural appearance in combinatorial problems. Such combinatorial‐type problems were known and partially solved even in ancient times. The first mathematical descriptions of binomial coefficients arising from expansions of for appeared in the wor...
<urn:uuid:6f35a29e-0a04-4332-b836-23d8ea022319>
3.421875
641
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
54.183563
What is a Magnetar? A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field, the decay of which powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.1 On March 5, 1979, several months after dropping probes into the toxic atmosphere of Venus, two Soviet ...
<urn:uuid:e02012a3-3b8a-451a-b98e-9ff50678ecad>
4.21875
834
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
51.825595
Mathematics is an activity of investigation and exploration. Informally, both calculi and an algebras are tools which consist of sets of symbols and systems of rules (usually called axioms) for manipulating those symbols. Calculi tend to be specified/defined/explored/used to answer questions of "calculation" or reckoni...
<urn:uuid:69ed5e70-ffb4-4903-93ea-fca8cc825aaf>
3.296875
661
Q&A Forum
Science & Tech.
29.90691
Climate & Energy Ever sinces Earth’s creation, the oceans have been absorbing vast amounts of carbon dioxide in a system that keeps our planet’s atmosphere in balance. Now, because of the burning of fossil fuels, the oceans are becoming saturated with carbon. Carbon dioxide is changing the very chemistry of the oceans,...
<urn:uuid:76187a19-35c9-409e-87e5-aeeb094e7349>
3.34375
111
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
28.591089
Yesterday marked the 40th anniversary of Landsat, the longest-running program focused on acquiring satellite photos of Earth. The Landsat satellite snaps one completely photo of the Earth’s surface every 16 days, and the petabytes of photos collected over the years have given scientists a view into how our planet’s sur...
<urn:uuid:4ed33ab6-606a-4790-966b-5f4283a07cb9>
3.203125
153
Truncated
Science & Tech.
27.906457
Over the past several decades, paleontologists—including [Jack] Horner—have found ample evidence to prove that modern birds are the descendants of dinosaurs, everything from the way they lay eggs in nests to the details of their bone anatomy. In fact, there are so many similarities that most scientists now agree that b...
<urn:uuid:c541fb16-46ad-44a7-beef-9c82d8b4b1cb>
3.40625
451
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
33.581091
As alternative biochemistries go, a fair amount of both serious science and science fiction has suggested the idea of silicon based life — life which uses silicon to form its main structures as opposed to the carbon that makes up life on Earth. After all, despite the fact that carbon-based life is the only kind of life...
<urn:uuid:ceeec9bc-e050-4254-b9cc-9fdfcfc35fac>
3.578125
609
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
48.451911
Mike Shanahan (Under the Banyan) reports on the rapid decline of seed dispersing and other animals in the world’s most botanically diverse forest. (And no, it doesn’t have anything to do with that bug-bear of northern-hemisphere conservationists, overpopulation, as he details in a comment.) Mike at Under the Banyan Tre...
<urn:uuid:e517ce15-7c38-46f8-a11a-7545e6accfef>
3.578125
490
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
38.495358
Magnetomotive force, also known as magnetic potential, is the property of certain substances or phenomena that gives rise to magnetic field s. Magnetomotive force is analogous to electromotive force or voltage in electricity. The standard unit of magnetomotive force is the ampere-turn (AT), represented by a steady, dir...
<urn:uuid:5a8065b4-75dc-4d4d-b171-a00570bc0171>
3.828125
239
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
22.215772
Rufous-fronted Laughingthrush Garrulax rufifrons is restricted to the mountains of west and central Java, Indonesia. It is currently classified as Near Threatened on the basis that it approaches the thresholds for Vulnerable under criteria A2cd+3cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v). It has a very small range, which is not severely fra...
<urn:uuid:4ceda297-6bd3-4715-ac2e-7e54a40c08f3>
2.984375
723
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
49.757169
All points are locations. The connections between the points have a specific weight. Not all connections are bidirectional (a dot marks a start travel point). When Calculate is pressed, all routes from the selected location are calculated. When a route is selected in the listbox, the shortest route is visually shown by...
<urn:uuid:5ee3d754-6bdc-4831-b302-4e3d4a19e24b>
3.59375
756
Documentation
Software Dev.
56.582845
Glen Paul: G'day, and welcome to CSIROpod, I'm Glen Paul. The State of the Climate 2012, recently released by CSIRO and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, details the latest observations of Australia's climate, and provides analysis of the factors that influence it. The headline finding in the State of the Climate 2...
<urn:uuid:abe5d680-80be-47de-9169-29aa35bd0688>
2.984375
2,276
Audio Transcript
Science & Tech.
47.858324
Capella, brightest star in the constellation Auriga; Bayer designation α Aurigae; 1992 position R.A. 5h16.1m, Dec. +45°59−. Capella is a yellow giant star of spectral class G8 III and is also a spectroscopic binary star with a component of spectral class F. Its apparent magnitude of 0.06 makes it the 6th-brightest star...
<urn:uuid:bc94df38-8e1f-4c17-b3f7-627f984b381d>
3.265625
158
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
66.870167
The Universe Tonight The directory 'Gallery/programs/universe_tonight/1008' does not exist. Check your parameters. Submillimeter Astronomy on Mauna Kea By Dr. Hiroko Shinnaga (Staff Research Scientist at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory) Hiroko Shinnaga is a staff research scientist at the Caltech Submillimeter Ob...
<urn:uuid:6329a026-7684-4287-9f00-bb460196117b>
3.34375
962
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
30.894225
The Environment type exposes the following members. Terminates all processes. Finalizes the MPI environment. Users must call this routine to shut down MPI. |Equals||(Inherited from Object.)| Verifies that the MPI environment has been finalized by calling Dispose().(Overrides Object..::.Finalize()()().) |GetHashCode||(I...
<urn:uuid:c4f63843-e9f7-44c8-a21d-a438015d9695>
2.703125
344
Documentation
Software Dev.
35.781667
|Sep20-05, 11:56 AM||#1| I wanted to do some research on Atomic dust. The process would take a metal and vaporize it by a high powered LASER in a vacuum and then allow the metal vapor to cool in the vacuum an then fall to the bottem of the chamber as Atomically fine dust particles of the metal. Is there any research ou...
<urn:uuid:f025b8c6-0294-44fe-81bd-fd919950bfb6>
2.75
604
Comment Section
Science & Tech.
53.468349
Notocypraea subcarnea (Beddome 1896) A Brief Guide to Identification by Randy Bridges The original description of Notocypraea subcarnea (Beddome 1896) was followed for years by confusion and mystery. With his notes on the taxonomy of this rare species Lorenz (2005, 2007) effectively clarified the matter. Unfortunately,...
<urn:uuid:2c972a1b-a6c5-451a-8f1c-8b30375addd5>
2.84375
1,107
Nonfiction Writing
Science & Tech.
59.008805
About 3,250 square kilometers of Antarctica's Larsen B ice shelf shattered and tore away from the continent's western peninsula early this year, sending thousands of icebergs adrift in a dramatic testimony to the 2.5 degrees Celsius warming that the peninsula has experienced since the 1950s. Those wayward chunks of ice...
<urn:uuid:963957d5-80af-47c0-ab9e-619599675e2d>
3.578125
249
Truncated
Science & Tech.
30.795415
The weather office in charge of charged with monitoring and forecasting the potential for severe weather over the 48 continental United States is the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) located in Norman, OK. The information provided by SPC will give you critical information concerning the threat of severe weather in your lo...
<urn:uuid:d6523399-e021-4060-b51b-04296171892d>
2.6875
1,136
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
45.813284
An example of the total emissivity curve as resulting from the present version of the Arcetri Code calculation is displayed in Fig. 1. It has been evaluated assuming cm-3 and adopting the Arnaud & Raymond 1992 (Fe ions) and Arnaud & Rothenflug 1985 (other ions) ion fractions and the Feldman 1992 element abundances. The...
<urn:uuid:430f305e-c97a-4b0c-a352-8b8e773d08a6>
3.25
2,229
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
24.489162
Your online destination for news articles on planets, cosmology, NASA, space missions, and more. You’ll also find information on how to observe upcoming visible sky events such as meteor showers, solar and lunar eclipses, key planetary appearances, comets, and asteroids. A neutron star in a binary star system is spewin...
<urn:uuid:deb18df3-73c4-4a37-9aed-1a3950eeb768>
3.09375
202
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
39.235781
From this excellent answer I learned (correct me if I am wrong) that when writing a block cipher with say key size 128 bit, one has to pad the password given (variable size) so that it becomes exactly ... Suppose you need to authenticate yourself to a program with the password - but the program's source code is public,...
<urn:uuid:c3daad68-fb58-40ac-a37a-4f7aafbeef68>
3.4375
174
Q&A Forum
Software Dev.
67.841
When the Pickler encounters an object of a type it knows nothing about -- such as an extension type -- it looks in two places for a hint of how to pickle it. One alternative is for the object to implement a __reduce__() method. If provided, at pickling time __reduce__() will be called with no arguments, and it must ret...
<urn:uuid:af4b1170-3966-455c-a127-d7564c2177f7>
2.765625
715
Documentation
Software Dev.
36.461491
Scientists from The Ecosystems Center have conducted a program of long-term research at several sites in northern Alaska since 1975. The Centerís arctic research program is based at Toolik Lake, in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range (Fig. 1). The three principal components of the program are: (1) lake studies, ...
<urn:uuid:25322597-c57a-44f6-b6cc-374c6da8b51a>
3.03125
441
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
42.500389
The smallest of the rorqual whales, the minke whale is also the most abundant (2). Two species are now recognised, the northern hemisphere minke whale (the subject of this species page) and the southern hemisphere minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis) (5). Minke whales are slim in shape (2), with a pointed 'dolphin-li...
<urn:uuid:1d8937d1-595d-4ec0-99e7-5850ceecc7e8>
3
168
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
48.776316
Tuesday, May 3, 2011 - 21:30 in Earth & Climate Rock climbers are having a negative impact on rare cliff-dwelling plants, ecologists have found. In areas popular with climbers, conservation management plans should be drawn up so that some cliffs are protected from climbers, experts urge. - Climbers leave rare plants' g...
<urn:uuid:045bae3d-27b7-4a1b-af99-2918919a83a7>
3.125
179
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
52.991344
You just pick a laser, press a button, and you may transfer your armchair (or a spaceship such as the International Space Station) from one corner of your room to another. It's handy, especially for armchair physicists. Well, so far, they can do such things with microorganisms and similar objects, not with spaceships a...
<urn:uuid:763940b7-5ba9-4ba5-a40e-2999e3aa3ca4>
3.109375
274
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
34.688178
What is causing the variability in global mean land temperature? Article first published online: 13 DEC 2008 Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union. Geophysical Research Letters Volume 35, Issue 23, December 2008 How to Cite 2008), What is causing the variability in global mean land temperature? Geophys. Res....
<urn:uuid:5c73bccb-3a74-4838-912c-f998d89d4e5c>
2.953125
279
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
34.560227
In the context of databasesand object databases, in particularreplication is the ability to duplicate an object from one database (call it "database A") into another ("database B"). The duplication is performed in such a way that both object instances can be modified, so that at a later time the duplicated object can b...
<urn:uuid:8a58d228-c8cd-483e-bfcf-ceb3c874a276>
2.953125
863
Knowledge Article
Software Dev.
31.513934
FOSSIL BATS OF THE AMERICAS late Oligocene, Arikareean NALMA The Brooksville 2 site was discovered in 1994 in a limestone quarry about 10 km northeast of Brooksville in Hernando County in central Florida. The site consists of clays and sands filling karst solution features in marine Oligocene limestone. The fossils wer...
<urn:uuid:b052993d-f445-41ca-9c2c-29c530a617a3>
3
720
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
24.936272
Urey’s original chart Urey’s chart as of 2012 Other stable isotopes Unstable but long lived Unstable: 5He and 8Be (Left) Isotope chart constructed by Harold C. Urey in 1931 in his search for deuterium. The labels dem- onstrate the conception of nuclear structure at the time: The nucleus was thought to consist exclusive...
<urn:uuid:001b7fee-52bf-4317-be8e-d536421aa19d>
3.65625
821
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
45.177619
Like a mosquito on a summer evening, a bacteriophage is either feasting or in search of its next meal. But a bacteriophage isn’t interested in human blood and isn’t flying around your backyard. Bacteriophages — aka phages — are microscopic killers of bacteria. Wherever you find bacteria, which is nearly everywhere, you...
<urn:uuid:e6624d0d-2bad-459f-85aa-2d0f2fca06d0>
3.859375
2,068
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
37.354687
[Tutorial] Basic tutorial about class basics View Single Post 07-23-2008, 09:57 PM Join Date: Oct 2007 Location: Manchester, UK Nice work m8. These variables are called class member variables and you may set a value to them when defining them. While this may be partly true, they are not bound to a specific name, many p...
<urn:uuid:b0b33b76-a4d9-4739-99ae-19ee3808ecb7>
3.390625
413
Comment Section
Software Dev.
46.355769
This example is part of the article Add Multimedia to your Web documents, part 2. We can decide to send a raw text file, with text/plain, to avoid to have to cut and paste the source code of your program or html web page in a pre and write things like that which are difficult to update: <h4>An html head example</h4> <p...
<urn:uuid:53e0d652-0fbe-48ef-bcba-ae055b5652c6>
3
445
Documentation
Software Dev.
80.918109
While the USGS frantically works to keep the public from being aware of the increase in earthquakes, there are limits to how far the cover-up can go. Question: As of late, I have observed that USGS and EMSC are a bit lax on their reports of earthquakes. Sometimes not seeing anything reported for hours from the last upd...
<urn:uuid:91e0c386-5eb1-4264-a8d7-da820fb25965>
2.84375
2,684
Comment Section
Science & Tech.
57.757297
Today a new generation of scientists is discovering just how powerful the McGurk Effect really is. University of California, Los Angeles, psychologist Ladan Shams has been able to create a McGurk-like illusion by displaying a flash paired with varying numbers of corresponding beeps. If Shams delivered a flash with a pa...
<urn:uuid:981b1cb0-d3da-467d-8425-af366e1704a4>
3.28125
1,189
Nonfiction Writing
Science & Tech.
48.654761
Occurs in coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs. Graze on algae, usually in groups of 20 individuals (Ref. 5503, 48637). Adults usually in small groups and sometimes schooling. Juveniles solitary and usually among corals (Ref. 48637). Its numerous, small pharyngeal teeth may have evolved in response to a shift i...
<urn:uuid:45d153c4-7d17-42d9-8a6b-70ed0c65f688>
2.765625
206
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
70.11359
Ice caps not likely to face rapid, irreversible melting as previously thought, researcher claims – meaning polar bears could surviveThe polar bear can be saved from extinction – but only if action is taken quickly to make deep cuts to greenhouse gas emissions, a new study shows.The study, published today in journal Nat...
<urn:uuid:cf70007d-41fa-45ed-bbcb-e67523aba99b>
3.8125
312
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
47.228333
New Impact on Jupiter July 21, 2009Posted by jcconwell in Asteroid, Astronomy, planets. Tags: Asteroid, Jupiter, Solar System Taken from the article by Nancy Atkinson at Universe Today Amateur astronomer Anthony Wesley from Canberra, Australia captured an image of Jupiter on July 19 showing a possible new impact site. ...
<urn:uuid:c1afebd0-8bef-4e5c-8715-f398ebf4f443>
2.96875
199
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
44.649
On the face of it, an artist and a theoretical physicist might seem an unlikely pairing. But Turner Prize-winning sculptor Grenville Davey and string theorist David Berman's collaboration is producing beautiful, thought-provoking work inspired by the fundamental structure of the Universe. Julia Hawkins interviewed them...
<urn:uuid:238b970c-6583-48a9-93ae-a1d82ec1f553>
2.828125
487
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
29.523029
This observation shows part of the floor of a large impact crater in Arabia Terra. This crater formed in the distant past when a large asteroid or comet struck Mars, and has been heavily modified since formation. The crater was partially filled by sediments, forming the rock outcrops and layers visible in this image. A...
<urn:uuid:fdacf472-3579-4b24-b10b-b90483bdf19c>
3.75
295
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
45.585679
Sea turtles have long fascinated both biologists and conservationists. All of the seven species found in the world’s oceans are listed as either endangered or threatened. Of these,five species are found in waters of the Indian subcontinent. On this part of the site you can learn about the species, distribution, biology...
<urn:uuid:c8d75eff-217a-417c-8e7e-b6cbbd3e0224>
3.8125
294
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
43.922448
Galileo plunged into Jupiter's crushing atmosphere on Sept. 21, 2003. The spacecraft was deliberately destroyed to protect one of its own discoveries - a possible ocean beneath the icy crust of the moon Europa. Galileo changed the way we look at our solar system. The spacecraft was the first to fly past an asteroid and...
<urn:uuid:134b7519-1b09-4572-9873-c1b0ccd97b71>
4
177
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
41.53
NASA image created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using expedited ASTER data provided the NASA/GSFC/MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team. The Karymsky Volcano in far northeastern Russia had been erupting several times a day for about a week prior to emitting this ash plume on June 19, 2006. The Advan...
<urn:uuid:2db74493-3b24-4686-af3a-3152d48361ee>
3.875
302
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
37.164324
Taxonomic name: Mnemiopsis leidyi (Agassiz 1865) Synonyms: Mnemiopsis gardeni L.Agassiz 1860, Mnemiopsis mccradyi, Mayer, 1990 Common names: American comb jelly, comb jelly, comb jellyfish (English), Rippenqualle (German), sea gooseberry, sea walnut (English), Venus' girdle, warty comb jelly Organism type: comb jelly T...
<urn:uuid:829741a3-9393-4417-9951-0b7635def64d>
2.796875
2,813
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
37.436754
FIRST they were just for light. Now an invisibility cloak has been designed to hide magnetic fields. Exotic substances called metamaterials steer light around very tiny objects, rendering them invisible. Alvero Sanchez at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain, and colleagues have come up with a design that uses...
<urn:uuid:9719b3cf-e27e-4574-8d4b-c4f5d55f6fbf>
3.34375
215
Truncated
Science & Tech.
51.000112
XML lets you use a Document Type Definition (DTD) to describe the markup (elements and other constructs) available in any specific type of document. However, the design and construction of a DTD can be complex and non-trivial, so XML also lets you work without a DTD. DTDless operation means you can invent markup withou...
<urn:uuid:c38fde61-b663-4424-842c-7ab3f41b8c44>
3.40625
896
Documentation
Software Dev.
43.88734
Description of the Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination (GeoMAC) project, online maps of current wildland fire locations using Netscape Communicator or Microsoft Internet Explorer, and user guide on how to use mapping application. Fact sheet describing the value of The National Map designed as a network of digital data...
<urn:uuid:752058cd-cf36-4bb2-872e-877a8d7d4da2>
3.171875
225
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
22.035968
Have you ever heard of the phrase, “Once in a blue moon”? If you have, did you ever think about where that saying could have came from? If you were outside gazing at the stars last Friday, August 31st, you would have caught a glimpse of a large full moon out in the night sky. What you probably didn’t realize was that t...
<urn:uuid:ba3193a0-70a2-456a-8500-dda9091451e0>
3.28125
532
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
74.578639
New Efforts May Harness SUN LIGHT (Oct, 1934) New Efforts May Harness SUN LIGHT By Robert E. Martin SUNSHINE, our greatest source of potential power, is now largely wasted. It is highly probable, however, that a few years hence science will find a way to harness the mighty energy of the sun’s radiation. Solar engines a...
<urn:uuid:12e34ca7-dce2-453f-a54a-84ac58467fb8>
3.625
3,022
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
47.882448
Earlier this month we wrote about a study of adaptable ants that changed their leaf-gathering strategies to bypass a roadblock thrown in their way. These clever insects solve traffic jams much more easily than big-brained humans do, and now scientists want to borrow their secrets to ease our highway woes. Ants leave a ...
<urn:uuid:502b3910-e59f-46f5-8564-a34bd650c309>
3.140625
311
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
53.45477
The Taiga is a forest biome that rings the upper latitudes of the northern hemisphere. The Taiga is dominated by black spruce and paper bark birch growing together. The sunlight is low in intensity and there are only 50-100 frost free days during the summer but the taiga is the largest and most productive forest on the...
<urn:uuid:860aca34-e7fa-4d08-a104-709bbab20397>
3.140625
168
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
42.067535
|This article does not cite any references or sources. (February 2008)| Ergastic substances are non-protoplasm materials found in cells. The living protoplasm of a cell is sometimes called the bioplasm and distinct from the ergastic substances of the cell. The latter are usually organic or inorganic substances that are...
<urn:uuid:4c4a3a14-05af-49c9-9fd3-8639c82b69a3>
3.171875
184
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
31.6924
Java6 added a new utility class for reading input data from character based devices including command line. java.io.Console can be used to read input from command line, but unfortunately it doesn't work on most of IDE like Eclipse and Netbeans. As per Javadoc call to System.Console() will return attached console to JVM...
<urn:uuid:7e620c36-36d0-49df-9176-87b13b8f9823>
3.203125
2,190
Content Listing
Software Dev.
50.349095
Is what you see the way it is? Structure of the reasoning so far: We have made a model. We deduce consequences that can be tested by observation. - Earth rotates counterclockwise as seen from the north. - Earth revolves around the sun counterclockwise as seen from the north. - Earth's axis is tilted. Davison E. Soper, ...
<urn:uuid:9cf0a8ad-0a81-44bf-8aa7-1d84a25189bd>
3.0625
120
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
56.892836
Astronomy in the News - Archives - Monster Asteroid 1998 'QE2' Misses Earth by Mere 3.6M Miles on May 31 Huge Asteroid Crashes into Moon Colossal Solar Flare, Strongest of 2013, Shoots from Sun 'Ring of Fire' Solar Eclipse on Thursday Russian Space Junk Almost Destroys NASA Telescope New App Measures Light Pollution Le...
<urn:uuid:8e72b7c2-bd6f-4206-8880-e7e726f303fc>
2.734375
2,974
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
47.369486
Find out what it's like on other planets. Learn how far away the stars are. Try a fun, space-themed project. Constellations can help you sort the twinkling dots scattered across the night sky. Connect the stars to see what deep-sky wonders emerge. The Sun, an average-sized, middle-aged star, formed almost 5 billion yea...
<urn:uuid:61fad42a-18c3-4cf1-9e77-c3c81d27f4a8>
3.765625
478
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
68.207763
Small "Pompeii" worm worm coming out of its tube. These worms live in the hottest water of any of the vent animals and are one of the most thermally tolerant animals on Earth. Credit: Stephen Low Productions. June 26, 2007 A discovery that radically changed our understanding of the planet we live on celebrates its 30th...
<urn:uuid:19ab9d6d-3d3f-462d-a71d-9c848ca86178>
3.109375
143
Truncated
Science & Tech.
35.752607
Fungal DNA barcoding DNA barcoding projects at Kew include harvesting sequences from fungarium specimens to populate publicly accessible sequence databases, identification of mycorrhizal fungi on plant roots, and diversity surveys of tropical macrofungi. DNA barcoding is a systematic way to link DNA data with reference...
<urn:uuid:1e08b02c-29fe-46d5-bde1-e5032ab114cc>
2.75
1,029
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
33.919144
I was reading about determinants and what they actually represent. I’ve been working with solutions to the Ax = b problem where A has a determinant which is zero (i.e. it has no unique inverse). Determinants were always just a thing you did and there were magic properties about them. I suddenly realise why intuitively ...
<urn:uuid:0dff6041-6c4c-430f-b744-9bc76f52f8e4>
3.15625
477
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
56.609977
This is clear evidence in support of the theory of continental drip. Initially all land lies at the North Pole, which is therefore up, as we all know. Then the land slowly drips down, which is why all continents are pear-shaped with little driplets at the bottom (like Sri Lanka and Madagascar). When all the land has dr...
<urn:uuid:0a631f27-7e69-431b-9fe5-229fa0785315>
3.3125
125
Truncated
Science & Tech.
58.242236
Is the ozone layer comprised solely of oxygen? No, it's regular air (80% nitrogen, 18% oxygen, 1% argon, 1% others). The ozone present is created by the action of sunlight on the oxygen. The wavelengths of sunlight that induce this chemistry are absorbed in the stratosphere, so they don't reach the surface. That's why ...
<urn:uuid:2efa7ddc-62ce-42fd-babe-88055dadbd1d>
3.96875
456
Audio Transcript
Science & Tech.
42.43939
And then may come some proper planet names. Exoplanets are presently referred to by their host star plus a letter (a, b, c…) depending on how many other planets are present in the system, and the stars themselves are typically just cataloged by the first syllable or two of the constellation that they appear in, with so...
<urn:uuid:8a1ce6a1-a1a1-4817-adcb-1d1a3d56b663>
3.328125
174
Listicle
Science & Tech.
38.671172
Mass of fire, Speed of sight Q: In my science class we have learned about mass, and I'm just wondering, does fire have any mass? It has stumped all the teachers I asked (even my science teacher), and I would really like to know. (Jimmy, Sioux City, Iowa) A: Fire is a series of actions and changes that produces a result...
<urn:uuid:5a2c1c21-e57d-45ef-9c11-21211860f39b>
3.265625
809
Q&A Forum
Science & Tech.
70.110576
Are humans really so tiny and insignificant that their activity makes no difference on climate? Some people say so but, if you are of this opinion, you might change your mind once you read how much human activities affect the Earth's crust. For instance, the amount of rock and soil we move every year would fill the who...
<urn:uuid:5f10d36a-5177-47fe-83c4-ce1aba4a4a18>
3.453125
570
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
71.380816
How is Technology Used Weather dominates our lives. It controls how we work, live and play, and accounts for nearly 20 percent of the information presented in local newscasts. Many of us plan our daily activities by looking at a forecast. Will it snow? Will it be humid? What are the chances of rain for the weekend? The...
<urn:uuid:e9c3675e-2990-437b-9081-9b6ba2bfddf7>
3.359375
296
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
46.612547
Why doesn't Python have a "with" statement like some other languages? Starting with Python 2.5, Python does in fact have a with statement, which is used to control execution of code in a specific context: with manager() as ctx: ... do something with ctx ... Here, the object returned by the call to manager will be calle...
<urn:uuid:063824f6-f790-4f21-8a00-a555bb0ef00c>
3.515625
674
Q&A Forum
Software Dev.
55.437702
In a study published in Environmental Research Letters, Cohen et al. (2012) note that over the last four decades Arctic temperatures have warmed at nearly double the global rate, citing Solomon et al. (2007) and Screen and Simmonds (2010); and they state that “coupled climate models attribute much of this warming to ra...
<urn:uuid:8a7ad48a-eaea-497f-b11d-8051904f0d25>
3.234375
481
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
30.285211
A stylesheet is a set of rules for transformation of XML. The stylesheet syntax allows one to intermix a sequence of xml-micro's, xml-macro's, and top-level Scheme expressions. The grammar for stylesheet is given below: stylesheet-form ::= (stylesheet body-item*) body-item ::= xml-micro-form | xml-macro-form | top-leve...
<urn:uuid:bf123924-d535-44cf-a798-e9eb83ee5407>
3.046875
936
Documentation
Software Dev.
72.033671
One way to decrease your use of fossil fuels is to heat your water via solar radiation. A solar water heater runs cold water through dark, radiation absorbing tubing. Systems can be as simple as using black PVC pipe on your roof. Assume one such system absorbs at a 45% efficiency in a location where average solar-energ...
<urn:uuid:c564924a-9e60-404b-a37a-a5955505bf91>
3.421875
127
Q&A Forum
Science & Tech.
77.938333
Full Lab Manual Introduction & Goals Chemistry & Background In Your Write-up In this two-week experiment you will first explore the behavior of monoprotic and polyprotic acids. In week one, you will investigate the acid-base properties of acetic acid, CH3COOH, and phosphoric acid, H3PO4. By titrating, you will examine ...
<urn:uuid:511b3232-046c-4571-8396-d4af35bf1341>
3.765625
203
Tutorial
Science & Tech.
51.880403
Why do I have to catch an exception when I use System.in.read()? System.in is an InputStream, and like any InputStream, an I/O error may occur when you read from it. For example, the Java program may have been run as a background process with no standard input, causing an error during a read attempt. InputStream.read()...
<urn:uuid:b30b3b0a-58d2-40ba-90a6-9731b980d777>
2.90625
120
Q&A Forum
Software Dev.
67.905
Source apportionment and loads (riverine and direct) of nutrients to coastal waters Assessment made on 01 May 2004 - Mar 26, 2013 - Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 021) - Assessment published Mar 2013 - Jul 05, 2011 - Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine waters (CSI 021) - Assessment ...
<urn:uuid:224284b9-74ed-4488-895d-e3777f7c618e>
2.6875
760
Structured Data
Science & Tech.
31.357899
Acids and Alkalis The process of making a solid come from a solution is called precipitation. The solid itself is called a precipitate. An insoluble salt (one that doesn't dissolve) can be made by reacting the appropriate soluble salt with an acid or alkali or another salt. For examples of precipitation, see tests for ...
<urn:uuid:a7c397d1-df1a-4c30-aae0-902d1e825a00>
4.34375
294
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
40.097415
The W3C has started a Compound Document Formats (CDF) Working Group. The CDF Working Group grew out of a Web Applications and Compound Documents Workshop to explore issues around standardization for compound documents and specification of the behavior of some format combinations, addressing the need for an extensible a...
<urn:uuid:271691c9-0fbd-48db-bc16-b602f98abc43>
3.234375
3,696
Documentation
Software Dev.
38.307093
O'Reilly Book Excerpts: JXTA in a Nutshell Getting Started with JXTA, Part 1 In part one in this series of book excerpts from JXTA in a Nutshell, learn about setting up the JXTA Java environment as well as JXTA class files, shells, and peers. Getting Started with JXTA In this chapter, we'll see how to get started with ...
<urn:uuid:bb00b032-e59a-401a-839c-e9ef20eec279>
2.84375
1,861
Tutorial
Software Dev.
62.848727
Joined: 03 Oct 2005 |Posted: Thu May 04, 2006 8:41 am Post subject: Artificial Compound ‘Nano-Eye’ Is Modelled on Insect Eyes |[b]Bioengineers at Berkeley University Create an Artificial Compound ‘Nano-Eye’ That Is Modelled on the Eyes of Insects[/b] Using the eyes of insects such as dragonflies and houseflies as model...
<urn:uuid:697656ad-a76b-4c9e-a5ce-4a36864534ae>
2.75
1,347
Comment Section
Science & Tech.
33.593078
The beetles are able to recognise themselves in the dim dusk light because their metallic colouration optimises the contrast of the beetles against the forest background (Théry et al 2008). Although the brooding behaviour of Coprophanaeus lancifer remains unclear, it is likely to be similar to that of related species t...
<urn:uuid:0fe4b3b5-058a-4650-b8b3-0df956612a6a>
3.46875
258
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
38.577386
Photo Credit: David Cappaert, www.forestryimages.org SCIENTIFIC NAME: Rana sylvatica DESCRIPTION: Wood frogs are distinguished from other frogs by a dark mask through eyes that resembles that of a robber's mask. Their body can have color variations from brown to pink and adults are 1.4 to 3.25 inches in length. DISTRIB...
<urn:uuid:254549b0-2b57-4930-bac3-f6370b6cb7bd>
3.640625
560
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
55.985283
|Science Museum of Virginia sea stars| Strange creatures are our sea stars; they have no blood, no brains, and if we chop them up, as long as there is a fifth left, they will grow everything back. As for the no brains thing, anyone who has seen “SpongeBob SquarePants” can attest that Patrick Star, SpongeBob’s best frie...
<urn:uuid:919dbe19-f4b0-4e65-8ec3-0ab6a14a7cea>
2.9375
528
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
69.150478
The History of Steam like English, there is the language of steam which needs to be learnt before we dive into the basics of understanding steam. - Terms and Definitions -. Unit converter Geography of a process plant 11 Steam Table of Temperature. The degree of hotness with no implication of the amount of heat energy a...
<urn:uuid:8b83ce57-4823-4df9-9834-ca6521f6f0b0>
3.890625
4,328
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
58.849814
High pressure or an ‘anticyclone’ usually brings a variety of settled, dry weather, depending on the season. During winter the weather under high pressure over the UK can be often cold and cloudy during the daytime with nights often cold enough to allow frost to form. Whilst in summer it can cause days to be warm and s...
<urn:uuid:d5b3216c-5ab0-44d9-8404-84861949715a>
3.78125
830
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
46.011818
Visibility and Air Pollution What is Visibility? Particulate matter and gaseous air pollution affects visibility to some degree in every national park. Air pollution can create a white or brown haze that affects not only how far we can see but also how well we are able to see the colors, forms, and textures of a scenic...
<urn:uuid:03302d20-2b94-40a3-8850-ff08e8c29a7f>
3.90625
282
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
28.768744
[Previous] | [Session 26] | [Next] T.R. Spilker (JPL/Caltech) In cooperation with NASA's Solar System Exploration Subcommittee and its working groups, JPL is studying planetary science missions proposed for launch near the end of the next decade. Results will focus resources on developing technologies that enable a set...
<urn:uuid:e087acc6-8fd7-4925-9074-6258d497211e>
2.8125
385
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
23.943684
LEO > Low Earth Orbit > Polar Sun-Synchronous Landsat 1, 2 and 3 operated in a circular, Sun-synchronous, near-polar orbit at an altitude of approximately 913 km (567 miles), with a nominal 9:30 a.m. crossing of the Equator during the descending ... mode. They circled the Earth every 103 minutes, completing 14 orbits p...
<urn:uuid:1115b508-fb95-4c4e-858b-4a8084848a4a>
3.03125
577
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
61.484493
Geometry Problem 62. Square diagonal and Inscribed Circle. Level: High School, College, SAT Prep. In the figure below, ABCD is a square, the inscribed circle O and the arc BD of center A meet at E. Prove that CE is one half of the diagonal of the square.
<urn:uuid:e5de8136-b7ef-4464-af45-0d593a2f18d4>
3.265625
66
Tutorial
Science & Tech.
71.9535
Recursion is one of the tough programming technique to master. Many programmers working on both Java and other programming language like C or C++ struggles to think recursively and figure out recursive pattern in problem statement, which makes it is one of the favorite topic of any programming interview. If you are new...
<urn:uuid:4ab8b3a8-9fae-4800-a420-e5e8b236c6e1>
4.21875
773
Tutorial
Software Dev.
37.17752
Sometimes learning math might give you some fun, especially for someone who love numbers. Math also can teach you small tricks like mind-reading. Try to think of a number between 1 and 9. Then multiply it by number 9 and add the digits of this new number together. Then subtract 4 from your answer and you will be left w...
<urn:uuid:f2a3ceb3-9ec8-4ad8-915f-4d3451ff6180>
3.421875
410
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
69.123784
Oct. 26, 2000 NASA's NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft swooped 5 kilometers above the surface of 433 Eros on Oct 26th, marking its closest-ever approach to the tumbling space rock. Scientists hope the flyby will uncover clues about extra boulders and missing craters on the near-Earth asteroid. Sept. 1, 2000 This morning a half...
<urn:uuid:02174ca5-7069-4bc7-a9e9-5e66b165531b>
3.453125
623
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
53.322573
In this chapter we’ll be taking a look at sequences and (infinite) series. Actually, this chapter will deal almost exclusively with series. However, we also need to understand some of the basics of sequences in order to properly deal with series. We will therefore, spend a little time on sequences as well. Series is on...
<urn:uuid:4bc42b49-fd6e-401b-8999-a565f2562b41>
4.1875
651
Content Listing
Science & Tech.
44.216974
Coastal & Marine Geology InfoBank Our Mapping Systems The USGS and Science Education USGS Fact Sheets ground penetrating radar Comment: 04:14 - 05:19 (01:05) Source: Annenberg/CPB Resources - Earth Revealed - 21. Groundwater Keywords: "Earth's surface", sandstone, sediment, soil, water, groundwater, "pore space", poros...
<urn:uuid:0fb9370b-38a6-4e5b-98cb-bc09350a7a6a>
3.90625
269
Knowledge Article
Science & Tech.
41.551688
Main page Blog Astronomy news Astronomy facts Astronomy sites A Galactic Collision in Action This new image shows the results of a vast collision between two galaxies. This strange object is known as NGC 7252, or Arp 226, and has the odd nickname Atoms-for-Peace. The picture was taken by the Wide Field Imager on the MP...
<urn:uuid:8f2e2a81-9371-425c-b36a-a5639d7071ee>
3.6875
561
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
46.412413
Deriving the Ramsey Numbers School: ALBUQUERQUE ACADEMY Area of Science: Mathematics -- Graph Theory Ramsey numbers are part of a field of mathematics called graph theory. km (where m is any positive integer) is defined as a graph that contains m points, also known as nodes, with all possible line segments in between e...
<urn:uuid:e6943b18-6ad5-466b-90b6-1ce4b1a4882a>
4.21875
382
Academic Writing
Science & Tech.
55.267635
What does it mean? Part 2 Dr. Bob and I are taking turns explaining the implications of the recent Nature paper. In the first post, Dr. Bob discussed two very important questions: "How big?" and How massive?" In this post, I'm going to cover another big-picture topic: the orientation of the disk. I'll start with what w...
<urn:uuid:9bee31ba-4e71-42a5-b005-beeb3ed88932>
2.796875
560
Personal Blog
Science & Tech.
67.513261
Assembly and testing of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory spacecraft is far enough along that the mission's rover, Curiosity, looks very much as it will when it is investigating Mars. [b]Above[/b]: [i]This image was taken April 4, 2011, inside the Spacecraft Assembly Facility at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena,...
<urn:uuid:5ca854f0-7d47-416f-94a8-dd64610aa1b3>
3
232
Comment Section
Science & Tech.
41.949886