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In the set of real numbers the square root of a minus number is a problem because it does not exist.
However, √-1can be used to generate algebras which use higher dimensional numbers, or to put it the other way round, algebras with higher dimensional numbers may have one or more solutions to the square root of a minus ... | <urn:uuid:9c1b258d-6055-4e3e-b456-bcfd41b27e1c> | 3.546875 | 376 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 40.389101 |
A car tire has diameter 64 cm. Determine its angular velocity, in radians per second, when the car is traveling at 100 km/h.
So I want to find the number of rotations the tire makes in one second, and to do that I divide the velocity of the car by the circumference of the tire. (I think)
is the circumference of the cir... | <urn:uuid:db899273-5ab1-4a37-afee-4615c0b46395> | 3.171875 | 213 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 75.766135 |
One hundred lightning bolts strike Earth’s surface every second, each containing up to one billion volts of electricity. Cloud-to-ground lightning is caused by an electrical imbalance: precipitation collects at the base of storm clouds and creates a negative charge, while objects on the ground become positively charge—... | <urn:uuid:8fc1a2c1-99ab-42c4-8b0c-0ce0a41cb3cd> | 3.765625 | 320 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 27.343571 |
What Italy lacks in size, it certainly makes up for in solar power. In fact, according to recent calculations, it’s on the verge of surpassing the U.S. in total installed solar PV capacity.
In 2009, Italy was dubbed the world’s second-largest solar power market in the world, just ahead of the U.S. They installed 250 MW... | <urn:uuid:27799b38-d948-4f19-8a04-e2f6f0ece8bb> | 2.765625 | 287 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 70.692727 |
Imagine a coin-tossing game. On each turn, players toss a fair coin 500 times. As they do so, they record all runs of heads, so that if they toss H T T H H H T H T T H H H H T T T, they will record: 1, 3, 1, 4, representing the number of heads in each run.
At the end of each round, each player computes the product of t... | <urn:uuid:b1170076-c45d-4552-ab5a-a37afd5c4bef> | 2.765625 | 447 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 66.485719 |
There are four Unicode normalization forms defined in UAX #15, corresponding to two types of character equivalence.
The first, and most important, is canonical equivalence. This is equivalence between sequences of codepoints which represent the same abstract character. This includes:
- pre-composed characters and their... | <urn:uuid:b075f8c7-05b4-4c50-9e40-741156580fec> | 2.953125 | 1,524 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 31.614655 |
Light Pollution and the Palomar Observatory
Milky Way over Palomar photo by Wally Pacholka of AstroPics.com
What is Light pollution? Light pollution is any adverse effect of light caused by society.
Light pollution is an increasing problem for observatories everywhere. One of the reasons Palomar Mountain was selected a... | <urn:uuid:37feda01-9652-4fff-947e-e622e036ce0f> | 3.53125 | 704 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.109478 |
|Quaoar is about 4 billion miles away from Earth, well over a billion miles farther away than Pluto. Earth as seen by the departing Voyager spacecraft as it departed the solar system: a tiny, pale blue dot.
Six years ago, then NASA Associate Administrator Wesley Huntress, Jr., stated , "Wherever liquid water and chemic... | <urn:uuid:e043d5d4-8b1a-4152-8d2b-fb3e2008e9f7> | 3.46875 | 1,450 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 32.402139 |
Simply begin typing or use the editing tools above to add to this article.
Once you are finished and click submit, your modifications will be sent to our editors for review.
...was corecipient, with the Swedish astrophysicist Hannes Alfvén, of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1970 for his pioneering studies of the magnet... | <urn:uuid:705b2e8c-c938-46a6-963c-0e05626b5106> | 3.171875 | 299 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 36.897389 |
KML is a standard XML file, where the schema defines GE objects. You've seen several important node types that define placemarks, points, lines, and polygons. Collectively, you can call them "GeoObject" nodes. The KML schema defines some other nodes that help organize and display the GeoObject nodes, such as the <Folde... | <urn:uuid:204eb5ae-a4b4-4e07-bb2c-b36daed74d00> | 3.203125 | 1,096 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 54.439502 |
What is the optimum stroke angle for a duck’s foot when paddling?
Although a duck may already intuitively know the answer, the question
has now been clarified for us humans as part of a recent research
project undertaken at the prestigious California Institute of Technology
(Caltech), in the US.
Research Scientist and ... | <urn:uuid:2ec76ebe-5ca5-4a5e-a10e-ba6f36a47c5d> | 2.90625 | 140 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 41.869 |
Often the Document Object Model is thought of as an abstract concept that is very difficult for beginners to deal with. With this series of articles, I will try to simplify and demystify the use and application of XML and the DOM. First, we will look at what XML is and then move on to what functions are available for u... | <urn:uuid:34558224-f73d-42f6-bdb2-5d267bd3ff97> | 3.734375 | 1,178 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 46.377165 |
The temperature gets colder as you go upward in the troposphere.
Click on image for full size
Original artwork by Windows to the Universe staff (Randy Russell).
Temperature in the Troposphere
The temperature gets colder as you go upward in the troposphere. Light from the Sun heats the ground. The warm ground gives off ... | <urn:uuid:943b498a-1421-4762-bf18-4bad5ea4112f> | 3.84375 | 459 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 54.634651 |
Heath Stewart (2005) and Josh Keane (2002)
studied diffusion of impurities in silver
chloride. Heath's impurity was cadmium and Josh's impurity was calcium.
They obtained a radioactive isotope of the impurity dissolved in an acidic
solution. They put several drops of the solution on the top surface of a
cylindrical sam... | <urn:uuid:39d2a81e-4bb1-4852-8179-b69ca5dca2d9> | 3.09375 | 161 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 40.916154 |
3.6. Rings in Bulge-dominated Systems and Hoag-like Galaxies
A recent study of an early-type system that is almost certainly a collisional ring system is the study of AM 1724-622 by Wallin and Struck-Marcell (1994). This pair of galaxies was given the name "The Sacred Mushroom" by Arp and Madore (1987), since the ring ... | <urn:uuid:8cd5a0cd-1526-4783-b3bb-8649e2fc43bc> | 2.75 | 1,077 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 44.862132 |
Despite millions of dollars spent on research in Hood Canal, the precise causes of low-oxygen problems in Southern Hood Canal are still not fully understood, according to a report released this week by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington Department of Ecology.
News articles about the report have... | <urn:uuid:299231c5-f1cb-44a7-a2bd-2191ad89ee74> | 3.171875 | 1,009 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 38.971882 |
Intermoleculr bonding is a form of bonding that exists between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular bonds determines how easily the molecules will separate and hence the melting and boiling points. There are different strengths of intermolecular bond, and we shall look at them in order. Starting with the weake... | <urn:uuid:8fd5e6c4-af2c-472d-bd4a-e3ae21751a75> | 4.125 | 425 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 44.064439 |
C# Tutorials - Program Flow Control
The statements that enable you to control program flow in a C# application fall into three main categories: selection statements, iteration statements, and jump statements. In each of these cases, a test resulting in a Boolean value is performed and the Boolean result is used to cont... | <urn:uuid:b3f0a1a0-713c-4d62-a7ab-a22212d430aa> | 3.671875 | 166 | Tutorial | Software Dev. | 37.585652 |
School: CHAPARRAL MID-CHAPARRAL
Area of Science: Earth and Space Science
Abstract: Life is A Gas
The problem we are trying to solve is does methane gas change the buoyancy of salt water, and can these changes sink a ship.
This is important to know because ships depend on buoyancy to stay afloat in the ocean. Basically ... | <urn:uuid:0b2ba1d2-7457-4c73-bffd-f00205b4a978> | 3.03125 | 179 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 49.442146 |
Wilson, A.T., Hendy, C.H. and Reynolds, C.P. 1979. Short-term climate change and New Zealand temperatures during the last millennium. Nature 279: 315-317.
Temperatures derived from an 18O/16O profile through a stalagmite found in a New Zealand cave (40.67°S, 172.43°E) revealed the Medieval Warm Period to have occurred ... | <urn:uuid:7b772335-7471-4452-b3cb-f94652ddbf9c> | 2.9375 | 109 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 90.435231 |
The oxidized structure of CoQ, or Q, is given here:
The various kinds of Coenzyme Q can be distinguished by the number of isoprenoid side chains they have. The most common CoQ in human mitochondria is Q 10. The image above has three isoprenoid units and would be called Q 3.
If Coenzyme Q is reduced by one equivalent, t... | <urn:uuid:547797e4-6338-4d11-b25b-0beab665402a> | 3 | 174 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 48.839642 |
Cool technology of CryoSat-2
Just how are Earth’s icebound regions responding to a warming world? This question looms even larger now than it did in 2005, when ESA sought to answer it through the first CryoSat satellite.
That spacecraft was lost through launch failure, but the nations of Europe recognised the effort co... | <urn:uuid:dbd2e4f5-4025-4276-9e41-36d9a513e75e> | 3.9375 | 1,156 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 29.201048 |
How do eggs split to form conjoined twins?
Here is the simple explanation:
For more detail on twin development, please see this excellent web page from
the Univ. of Minn.:
Thanks for the good question,
Jeff Buzby, Ph.D.
I think your question is somewhat incorrect...conjoined twins often develop
from a single egg which ... | <urn:uuid:046010fa-84e5-48f3-b118-8250ed99b51e> | 3.578125 | 164 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 54.492596 |
Finding ozone holes
Name: Russ A Morton
How do we know where the holes are in the ozone?
Yes, we can measure the concentration of ozone by flying very high up, with U-
2 planes, stratospheric balloons, sounding rockets, and satellites. The ozone
measuring instruments carried on these flights show that the concentration... | <urn:uuid:5c70c3b5-e6ed-4ba8-b517-4b456904dffd> | 3.640625 | 101 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 32.564 |
The Apollo Program: Apollo 15 Feature Summary
- From Physics Research
The Apollo Program: Apollo 15
- You're looking at the vicinity of NASA's Apollo 15 landing site, located almost in the center of the image, on the lava surface at the eastern edge of Mare Imbrium (click for a lunar map to find it). Naturally a smooth... | <urn:uuid:2ad9dad2-f96a-47ac-838e-36c7ce85cb67> | 3.625 | 241 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 52.882778 |
* Venus: It's responsible for the greatest number of sightings--including one by Jimmy Carter in 1969. The planet usually appears just above the horizon around dusk or dawn; it trails only the moon in luminosity; and depending on the air mass in front of the viewer, the planet can be magnified into a ball or seem to sk... | <urn:uuid:1ac5beee-3422-4bc9-879a-112c64905e05> | 2.921875 | 476 | Listicle | Science & Tech. | 47.796055 |
On March 13, 2012, the sun erupted with an M7.9-class flare that peaked at 1:41 p.m. EDT. This flare was from the same active region, No. 1429, that has been producing flares and coronal mass ejections all week. That region has been moving across the face of the sun since March 2, and will soon rotate out of Earth view... | <urn:uuid:2ebc65e9-1e91-4fb5-848b-c50879bc6ee9> | 3.234375 | 152 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 73.040575 |
Dramatically decreasing water levels of the great lakes are raising many concerns for environment Canada and the Stats surrounding the Great lakes in the United States of America as well. For the past couple of years the water level has been decreasing by a great margin, and is predicted to keep deceasing unless there ... | <urn:uuid:3843fe59-0b21-4a08-b394-caf5044cabb2> | 3.265625 | 541 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 63.617149 |
Quasar's belch solves longstanding mystery
Gemini Observatory observations expose a broad outflow extending in all directions around the galaxy Markarian 231’s core, removing gas from the nucleus at more than twice the rate of star formation.
February 23, 2011
When two galaxies merge to form a giant, the central superm... | <urn:uuid:ffe8ba0b-d0bc-4796-b5cd-bc3a8806637d> | 3.296875 | 1,273 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 43.848919 |
TCP is the protocol that gets the most attention, and that makes some sense as it’s the one that carries your email and web pages, the two most popular applications on the net. There are times, though, when TCP is not appropriate, like when you want to multicast data to several machines at once.
Multicasting takes adva... | <urn:uuid:e76ff653-bf2a-4911-9c76-f7198ce697a6> | 3.09375 | 514 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 74.297543 |
An alternative method of dealing with collisions which entirely does away with the need for links and chaining is called open addressing . The basic idea is to define a probe sequence for every key which, when followed, always leads to the key in question.
The probe sequence is essentially a sequence of functions
where... | <urn:uuid:ea262786-70a2-4e2b-81b8-07e7a8a1ab73> | 2.96875 | 214 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 54.384698 |
While the quadratic formula for solving quadratic equations is familiar to everyone who has taken high school math, it seems that the formula for solving cubic equations is not as familiar, but it is occasionally very handy. This formula was first discovered by Girolamo Cardano, Scipione del Ferro and Niccolo Fontana T... | <urn:uuid:e14266d7-77de-4e9d-a3e0-1c9741e4a0b2> | 3.90625 | 752 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 57.796853 |
An interesting report from the BBC last week:
Concentrations of the natural pigment chlorophyll in coastal waters have been shown to rise prior to earthquakes.
These chlorophyll increases are due to blooms of plankton, which use the pigment to convert solar energy to chemical energy via photosynthesis.
This is based on... | <urn:uuid:8cec4202-a326-42e7-a957-984da5c1ddc4> | 3.640625 | 475 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 42.293 |
(1) If A and B are equiprobable outcomes and |B|=100, explain using a Venn Diagram why P(A) <= P(B).
(2) Three indistinguishable (fair) dice are thrown simultaneously at random. Find the probability that the sum of the three dice is less than six and that no two dice show the same face (the same number.)
For (2), I get... | <urn:uuid:7831f1a2-dd3b-43d0-aeec-f66c78e4a187> | 3.671875 | 106 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 84.067162 |
Coded Mask Imaging on ASTROSAT
Electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray band – nanometer
and shorter wavelengths, cannot be focused as easily as
for optical, radio and other lower energy bands.
It is possible to use the grazing angle incidence technique to
focus these higher energy photons, as in the case of the
Telescop... | <urn:uuid:1b2c0bb8-59c6-4bf5-9fd6-859ee1727967> | 3.234375 | 349 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 26.4525 |
The movie shows people freezing to death because of a super-storm bringing freezing air from the "upper troposphere." Could that really happen?
NASA: No. Firstly the upper troposphere is not as cold as portrayed (minima near -80 C (-110 F) at about 15 to 20 km), and this cooling is mainly due to the pressure decreasing... | <urn:uuid:2104868e-eb6f-4b6e-a5c0-842af7d7f6a4> | 3.609375 | 264 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 58.73701 |
Use this calculator to compute the variance from a set of numerical values.
This calculator computes the variance from a data set:
To calculate the variance from a set of values, specify whether the data is for an entire population or from a sample. Enter the observed values in the box above. Values must be numeric and... | <urn:uuid:ba27a0d4-d7b4-48ce-a7d3-85db0a021bf8> | 3.78125 | 251 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 48.215933 |
The Russians don’t do countdowns. For the final few seconds before launch those of us watching just hold our breath and stand well back. I find several thousand kilometres back at the European Space Agency’s mission control in Germany to be safest.
When ignition comes, the launcher is engulfed in clouds of toxic orange... | <urn:uuid:977ac17f-7afc-460d-846f-5bf7fe3bc4e2> | 2.9375 | 757 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 42.677518 |
It's an old technique to keep the value of a variable between request. Let's think of an example. You enter your name in a text field, and then press the submit button. One way ot store the value is to put it in a hidden input field, in the next page, inside a form. <input type="hidden" name="username" value="Jothi"/> ... | <urn:uuid:6aa347d1-b7d7-4d97-ad3e-504d36161f81> | 2.921875 | 230 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 71.481508 |
Maybe he's expecting the result to a specific number of decimal places? In which case look at sprintf and the format options... But agreed would be handy to know what the expected output for a given input is.
float si(int p,int r,int t)
std::cout << "p = " << p << "\nr = " << r << "\nt = " << t << std::endl;
If the val... | <urn:uuid:59b7ef11-563f-4700-b254-899430992a4c> | 2.9375 | 145 | Comment Section | Software Dev. | 85.94466 |
The Biology Laboratory conducts Algal
Growth Potential and Limiting Nutrient algal assays. Algal Growth Potential
(AGP) tests and Limiting-Nutrient assays are the most direct and effective ways
to determine the amount of nutrients available to organisms in surface waters,
and the eutrophication potential of an aquatic ... | <urn:uuid:bdb9447b-23e3-4e80-84c9-713bc9f70494> | 3.3125 | 474 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 23.873571 |
File:Antarctic Climate Change.jpg
From Global Warming Art
This figure shows the temperature trends since 1970 at 25 sites in Antarctica where temperature has been recorded at least 25 of the last 37 years. During this time, the only two continuously manned stations in the interior of Antarctica were Amundsen-Scott_Stat... | <urn:uuid:717a4ee5-41c1-4d7c-9cb0-41939e2ad3d5> | 3.515625 | 550 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 53.189027 |
A vector can be read and modified from C with the functions
scm_c_vector_set_x, for example. In
addition to these functions, there are two more ways to access vectors
from C that might be more efficient in certain situations: you can
restrict yourself to simple vectors and then use the very fast
simple vector macros; o... | <urn:uuid:8ec7328f-638c-45db-a76d-0e27cd850769> | 3.4375 | 636 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 48.564584 |
The nature of the Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is a small sea on a global scale, but as one of the world's largest bodies of brackish water it is ecologically unique. Due to its special geographical, climatological, and oceanographic characteristics, the Baltic Sea is highly sensitive to the environmental impacts of human... | <urn:uuid:2fd013fc-0053-4b2f-8bf0-246848398e64> | 3.953125 | 810 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 43.452398 |
Research has been conducted over a ten year period with samples and thorough laboratory testing carried out by the biophysicist Dr. Levengood, Nancy Talbott, and John Burks -- the BLT Research Team, and a small army of volunteers worldwide. Their findings include from samples taken within the crop formations in contras... | <urn:uuid:947de9ed-6125-4071-8144-36452ea742f2> | 3.421875 | 834 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 35.81364 |
Learning From a Volcano, 25 Years After Mount St. Helens Exploded
Download MP3 (Right-click or option-click the link.)
This is SCIENCE IN THE NEWS, in VOA Special English. I'm Barbara Klein. And I'm Doug Johnson. Twenty-five years ago this month, a volcano exploded in the American state of Washington. On our program to... | <urn:uuid:653fa321-d5de-4489-8041-138f0e2f698a> | 3.53125 | 1,617 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 55.673549 |
Multiplication Is Rotation
Solomon introduces the multiplication map (p) = qpq* on showing it to be a linear map taking pure quaternions to pure quaternions with the neat composition property = . Now if n = (a, b, c) is a unit vector in and nq = (0, a, b, c), then = cos()h + sin()nq is a quaternion of unit magnitude f... | <urn:uuid:8b50fa58-3c65-45b7-afe9-c4195d06cc02> | 3.03125 | 959 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 78.581786 |
Parallelism and Concentric Circles
Parallel lines. I was playing with a lock in geometry
class on day and my teacher asked me if the outside line and the
inside line of the lock are parallel. said that it was, but he told
me that it could not be, but he never gave me a reasonable
explanation. I think that the inside an... | <urn:uuid:078385b0-3f14-4df5-801c-b3a28e8adcc9> | 3.703125 | 672 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 54.030616 |
In a joint project between the Universities of Strathclyde and Glasgow, Imperial College London and the National Physical Laboratory, researchers have developed a portable way to produce ultracold atoms for quantum technology and quantum information processing.
Researchers at Harvard University recently showcased a ver... | <urn:uuid:628f45eb-8d52-49d3-aa40-676df58df535> | 3.203125 | 588 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 38.02854 |
Demographic divergence between the sexes is a major consequence of sexual selection. Matrix-based demographic measures, including the sensitivity and elasticity of l (population growth rate, fitness) to survival and fertility rates are powerful indices of intersexual divergence. Many morphological, behavioral and ecolo... | <urn:uuid:c7d2d1a7-5793-41df-a6d9-a2d37fbee790> | 2.765625 | 418 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 32.017685 |
The Miller Urey experiment helped show how it was possible to derive some of the components of life from isolated molecules.
In the 1950's, biochemists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, conducted an
experiment which demonstrated that some of the basic elements of life,
including amino acids, could be formed spontaneously... | <urn:uuid:ba3df9db-b8a7-4b20-b689-540928e83329> | 4.09375 | 395 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 25.813003 |
Taxon Attribute Profiles
Predaceous Water Beetles
Dytiscidae (predaceous water beetles) is one of the largest and most commonly encountered groups of aquatic beetles. Both adults and larvae are predaceous, and will attack a wide variety of small aquatic organisms. Although most species are small to medium sized, some a... | <urn:uuid:2ceebfde-5e11-4e4d-a993-9a8011eb67a6> | 3.546875 | 1,999 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 44.871346 |
On Tuesday, June 5, Venus passed in front of the Sun – an event that was visible on seven continents for those that were fortunate enough to have clear weather. These “transits” of Venus are very rare, coming in pairs separated by more than a hundred years. This June’s transit, the second of a 2004-2012 pair, won’t be ... | <urn:uuid:de400fde-4b17-402d-8f12-fb381ea46b9e> | 3.359375 | 1,086 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 52.115201 |
12.1. Random walkEarly population studies concentrated on local population dynamics. However, spatial processes are very important in life-systems of most of the species. They may so significantly modify system behavior that local model would be unable to predict population changes.
Several ecological problems cannot b... | <urn:uuid:ca3010cd-c8d2-4de7-aca3-c6d11708081b> | 3.59375 | 314 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 34.296425 |
Having the same units on both sides of an equation does not gaurantee that the equation is correct, but having different units on the two sides of an equation certainly gaurantees that it is wrong! So it is good practice to reconcile units in problem solving as one check on the consistency of the work. Units obey the s... | <urn:uuid:f3c29376-5895-46a7-93e9-90191b3127b4> | 3.953125 | 283 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 40.43111 |
Date of introduction and origin
Styela clava was probably introduced in 1952, as it
was found in Plymouth, Devon, in 1953 (Carlisle 1954; Houghton
& Millar 1960). This species was introduced from the
north-western Pacific, where it occurs from Japan to Siberia
Method of introduction
It was transported on the hulls of w... | <urn:uuid:0fe117c4-f265-4f5a-a236-e216755ab15c> | 3.25 | 785 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 54.267962 |
Defining an Enum with Reflection Emit
An enumeration field is defined using the EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral method, as demonstrated by the code example for that method.
Before the enumeration is used, the EnumBuilder.CreateType method must be called. CreateType completes the creation of the enumeration.
In the .NET Frame... | <urn:uuid:c77ff92c-433f-4c99-b3a5-e4eebfdc2481> | 2.75 | 139 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 21.581653 |
The Camarillo fold belt (CFB) in the Western Transverse Ranges poses a significant seismic hazard to nearly one million people living in Southern California, yet few published geologic or geochronological data from this fold belt exist.
The CFB is composed of several actively growing folds that are developed along the ... | <urn:uuid:6d6b5db0-2155-4613-8b4d-fffde7b66e83> | 3.40625 | 413 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 34.19138 |
Active galactic nuclei measure the universe
Oct 3, 2011 2 comments
A common type of active galactic nuclei (AGN) could be used as an accurate "standard candle" for measuring cosmic distances – according to astronomers in Denmark and Australia. AGNs are some of the brightest objects in the visible universe and the techn... | <urn:uuid:d23e270c-6bf8-4219-b4e3-98d935755554> | 3.828125 | 1,018 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 37.830796 |
El Niño periods increase growth of juvenile white seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) in the Southern California Bight
Studies of the impact of El Niño periods on marine species have usually focused on negative, highly visible eVects, e.g., decreasing growth rates or increasing mortality due to a decline in primary producti... | <urn:uuid:f2237a52-ed9d-41a3-83a7-064252f31a65> | 3.0625 | 391 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 36.235198 |
I just learned (via John Lynch) about a paper on cetacean limbs that combines developmental biology and paleontology, and makes a lovely argument about the mechanisms behind the evolution of whale morphology. It is an analysis of the molecular determinants of limb formation in modern dolphins, coupled to a comparison o... | <urn:uuid:a8fc79e8-f6ba-4a50-bfdd-54a47df7b542> | 2.734375 | 1,408 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 42.952867 |
After the success of the audacious Entry Descent and Landing (EDL) in delivering the Curiosity rover to Mars, the space engineers of this world are no doubt looking for the next challenge. How about something further away than Mars? And how about landing on terrain that we’ve not explored before – say a liquid? Maybe w... | <urn:uuid:d0338fe1-f34e-47f8-b0ca-220abc3f2077> | 3.671875 | 748 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 43.141745 |
An informal sense
Building numbers from smaller building blocks: Any counting number, other than 1, can be built by adding two or more smaller counting numbers. But only some counting numbers can be composed by multiplying two or more smaller counting numbers.
Prime and composite numbers: We can build 36 from 9 and 4 b... | <urn:uuid:89ca1c65-efa4-4469-8377-7b41875b565d> | 4 | 1,637 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 75.042532 |
The hydrothermal vent crab, Bythograea
is a top predator at vent sites in the Pacific Ocean. This crab is present in such high densities that scientists
actually use it as an indicator that they are approaching an active vent field.
The vent crab is typically found among dense clusters of tubeworms at an average depth ... | <urn:uuid:a7302feb-305d-44cc-b99a-e2cfbe93580c> | 3.765625 | 274 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 44.922857 |
The VARIANCE function returns a variance of expression values of all rows. Only one expression is specified as a parameter. You can get the variance without duplicates by using the DISTINCT or UNIQUE keyword in front of the expression or the variance of all values by omitting the keyword or by using ALL.
The return val... | <urn:uuid:59d20ba3-0a5a-426b-86c4-1b3c29fc10a9> | 3.09375 | 215 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 38.5375 |
An Antarctica Sub
Submersible vessels have been around since the 19th century. However, none is more likely to go a stranger place than this one. Called the Micro-Submersible Lake Exploration Device, the instrument was a small robotic sub about the size and shape of a baseball bat. Designed to expand the range of extre... | <urn:uuid:f5aa292b-8463-430b-9a63-0be5503ac95c> | 4 | 849 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 41.329148 |
PDF Version - 263KB
FAMILY: Convolvulaceae (Morning glory family)
STATUS: Threatened (Federal Register, November 2, 1987)
DESCRIPTION AND REPRODUCTION: The only morning glory vine with large, blue flowers in Florida scrub vegetation (Wunderlin et al. 1980), Florida bonamia is a perennial with sturdy prostrate stems abo... | <urn:uuid:77f99dae-e60d-4bec-a1cb-6126c50d5264> | 3 | 1,327 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 42.511183 |
A buffer can have blank areas called display margins on the
left and on the right. Ordinary text never appears in these areas,
but you can put things into the display margins using the
display property. There is currently no way to make text or
images in the margin mouse-sensitive.
The way to display something in the m... | <urn:uuid:5374e3a4-d421-4072-8ed6-b4e415566090> | 2.796875 | 370 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 51.871235 |
The Earth is Warming
2009 tied for second hottest year since records began
In the Southern Hemisphere, 2009 was the hottest year on record
Earth has been accumulating heat since the 1970s
Mean surface temperature change between the 1950s and 2000s
Warming in Greenland and Arctic has been amplified as models predict
Wes... | <urn:uuid:fac41262-5c4d-4f62-b815-8ee923a8ccba> | 3.171875 | 514 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 46.383334 |
An abstract class is simply a class that can't be instantiated. It can have anything a normal class can have (fields, non-abstract methods, etc.), as well as can have abstract methods. Most often this is done to provide a class which has some implementation of a class, but not all of it.
ex.: A car class could implemen... | <urn:uuid:9d293470-6e38-42cd-b19b-d00e2233054e> | 3.0625 | 147 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 67.53 |
Darwin's evidence for evolution: Variation
I. Chapter 1: Variation under domestication
A. What is the biological nature of "variation"? (How does it arise?)
1. There's lots of variation (even more than between related wild species).
2. Darwin suggests that the source of variation (i.e., mutation) is in "reproductive el... | <urn:uuid:0b5ae20a-12ab-485f-a40f-6e3861735a59> | 4.03125 | 515 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 45.696952 |
A stack is an abstract data type and data structure based on the principle of Last In First Out (LIFO).
This is a lib for using a dynamic stack in your linux programs.
it is simple but very usefull. You can push elements to the
stack of any type. Check out the header file for more
With this routines you are able to gat... | <urn:uuid:5f739746-b479-47c4-a26c-e5381e8a33d6> | 3.078125 | 105 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 59.842966 |
What is in space?
Many of the bodies in space give off electromagnetic radiation. Things in space which release or reflect light, like stars or planets, can be seen either with the naked eye or with telescopes. By looking at that light, scientists can either directly tell where objects in space are, or at least can mak... | <urn:uuid:570bb148-eb0f-4d79-8023-43e2ad68e1c6> | 3.59375 | 565 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 50.969635 |
June 29, 2010 The longest sequences of temperature and salinity data analyzed (from 1900 to present), have confirmed the gradual warming of the waters of the western Mediterranean. The warming has accelerated since the mid 1970's.
Researchers from the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) in collaboration with the In... | <urn:uuid:077a8c3b-89f1-4973-ae35-fc62970d982f> | 3.125 | 360 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 26.775794 |
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TECHNOLOGIES that have come out of neuroscience have raced ahead of the ethical issues they raise.
click for full-size image Image: MATT COLLINS
By the third decade of the new millennium, the power of computing will be such that we should be able to scan and down... | <urn:uuid:7ed52e83-03eb-452a-996c-b7fe81077b59> | 3.015625 | 236 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 30.239695 |
This summer's record-smashing heat wave in the Washington area and across the country has rekindled the debate over climate change. Although scientists caution against directly linking global warming with extreme weather events such as the Colorado wildfires and Texas drought this summer, they say climate change is cle... | <urn:uuid:a89a801e-f061-42cd-bdb1-c099b0faaca0> | 2.890625 | 408 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 23.807778 |
Helping the Hydrogen Economy Break Even
By Eileen McCluskey
In WPI's Fuel Cell Center, chemical engineering researchers Ravindra Datta, left, and Nikolaos Kazantzis are working to overcome the practical and theoretical challenges that stand in the way of the widespread deployment of hydrogen fuel cells.
When Welsh scie... | <urn:uuid:ae8bf110-02a6-4860-a87f-01ae1124d6f7> | 3.265625 | 2,429 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 35.974504 |
Draw the graph of the parametric equations
x = t + 2 cos(2t)
y = t + 3 sin(3t)
for values of t between -40 and 40.
Use the following LiveMath notebook to explore the graph of these equations;
in addition, you can change the values of the constants in
the equations and see the effect on the graph.
View an animation to s... | <urn:uuid:5ed87f9a-bc1a-4f75-9dae-66cda56e7194> | 2.84375 | 90 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 63.103636 |
Analysis of the interaction of pathogens with plant roots is often complicated by the growth of plants in a soil substrate. A soil-free plant growth system (SPS) was developed that removes the need for a substrate while supporting the growth of seedlings in a nutrient rich, oxygenated environment. The model legume Lupi... | <urn:uuid:5338dc95-6ad8-4d2f-a155-7c1bd5ce0005> | 3.234375 | 217 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 21.076951 |
06 May 2010: Report
Under Threat in the Gulf,
A Refuge Created by Roosevelt
Among the natural treasures at risk from the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is the Breton National Wildlife Refuge, created by Theodore Roosevelt to halt a grave threat to birds in his era — the lucrative trade in plumage. Now, oil from the BP... | <urn:uuid:336b1141-5d23-4b55-b5c3-e9cbcf35b432> | 2.890625 | 2,691 | Nonfiction Writing | Science & Tech. | 47.573101 |
It’s safe to say that DNA is an important part of our daily lives. Not only does DNA code for our characteristics as humans, but it differentiates us from other species, and is frequently used to solve crimes. Despite it’s biological usefulness, you might be wondering what our genetic code has to do with Shakespeare an... | <urn:uuid:3c3ed545-0ffa-431a-b125-1b1dcd08d6ea> | 3.546875 | 749 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 46.157886 |
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure:
Mathematically, this can be represented as:
Explanation and Discussion:
Dalton's Law explains that the total pressure is equal to the sum of all of the pressures of the parts. This only is absolutely true for ideal gases, but the error is small for real gases. This may at first seem a ... | <urn:uuid:d4afdf1d-aefe-48d7-8512-21e2ec33a925> | 4.125 | 793 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 70.302312 |
Search Loci: Convergence:
Mark all mathematical heads which be wholly and only bent on these sciences, how solitary they be themselves, how unfit to live with others, how unapt to serve the world.
In E G R Taylor, Mathematical Practitioners of Tudor and Stuart England, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.
Leona... | <urn:uuid:1535801a-e89d-4616-988d-bab0633ab39c> | 3.15625 | 526 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 31.501808 |
for p1 = (3,0,3) p2 = (1,0,1) p3 = (1,2,3) not the same points given to me. how can i show that these points define the triangle specified?
Follow Math Help Forum on Facebook and Google+
If the right angle occurs at P then the dot product of the vectors formed by the two sides sharing the point P will equal 0.
ok so fo... | <urn:uuid:15bdcfdf-1875-4820-9800-f40d9d5b2a18> | 3.0625 | 200 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 88.045599 |
edit: I originally had some points about the inefficiency of RTGs, but after some more research prompted by @Jeremy I found that it's not really a valid point when they're used appropriately for the spacecraft's mission. The RTGs used by Galileo at Jupiter generated 300W of power, whereas the solar panels that will be ... | <urn:uuid:83611054-77bd-4d31-bcaf-75a7039fc272> | 2.859375 | 305 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 35.804228 |
An assessment study of a Space-Time Explorer (STE) mission has recently been completed at ESA's Concurrent Design Facility (CDF). The study objective was to examine the possible architecture and implementation of a fundamental physics mission, which would set out to test Einstein's theories of special and general relat... | <urn:uuid:253298f2-4af4-4a78-9b80-3c6a76591361> | 3.640625 | 779 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 26.015646 |
Mission Type: Flyby, Orbiter
Launch Vehicle: Titan IIG (no. 23G-11)
Launch Site: Vandenberg Air Force Base, USA
Spacecraft Mass: 424 kg
Spacecraft Instruments: 1) ultraviolet/visible camera; 2) near-infrared camera; 3) long-wave infrared camera; 4) high-resolution camera; 5) two star-tracker cameras; 6) laser altimeter... | <urn:uuid:d5e95ff6-c3a7-4439-ab29-60e4fc250f4f> | 3.171875 | 693 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 44.91098 |
What are the various types of satellite imagery available?
There are four principal types of satellite imagery used in operational and research meteorology. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. Many examples of each type can be found at meteorology related web-sites.
1. Visible Imagery (VIS)
Images obtained using... | <urn:uuid:49e961d5-642b-4f33-841d-c42914de8faf> | 3.875 | 782 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 37.866732 |
Henri Becquerel's early work was concerned with the polarization of light, the phenomenon of phosphorescence and the absorption of light by crystals (his doctoral thesis). He was elected a member of the French Académie des Sciences in 1889. For his discovery of natural radioactivity in 1896, Henri Becquerel was awarded... | <urn:uuid:b2104f7e-bec0-4cd8-af53-832c7eb2c270> | 3.203125 | 219 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 27.31814 |
Today's Pacific Northwest known for raining every three days was once much drier due to the previous wind direction for example. The glaciers would have created a wind and moisture barrier which would cause the boundary of the glaciers to have weather like Mount Washington.
Scientists speculate that the winds change co... | <urn:uuid:d1a3bdbb-efb9-409d-b35e-b840353cd539> | 3.125 | 92 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 48.0025 |
This week's element is technetium, a naturally radioactive metal denoted by the chemical symbol, Tc, and the atomic number 43. Technetium, whose longest-lived isotope has a half-life of 4.2 million years, is vanishingly rare on earth. Interestingly, based on the spectral lines from light given off by stars, we can see ... | <urn:uuid:eeae89a9-e81c-4b9c-a185-8989607ca949> | 4.0625 | 1,119 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 50.120042 |
Page 3 of 4
Widening and Narrowing
When it comes to data types there are two possible types of assignment - widening and narrowing.
A widening assignment causes no problem because the variable on the left is "bigger" than what is being computed on the right and so can be stored without loss of precision.
For example yo... | <urn:uuid:cacbe552-f008-4e43-b43d-67a4f615a434> | 3.65625 | 720 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 56.94911 |
The genome encodes the complete information needed by an organism, including that required for protein production. Viruses, which are up to a thousand times smaller than human cells, have considerably smaller genomes.
Using a type of herpesvirus as a model system, the scientists of the Max Planck Institute (MPI) of Bio... | <urn:uuid:c29642e5-8033-4cc9-b196-b60921f6ccdc> | 3.8125 | 1,358 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 42.766792 |
Rhomboid Protease GlpGAugust 2011 Molecule of the Month by David Goodsell
doi: 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2011_8 (ePub Version )
Proteases, enzymes that cut protein chains, come in many shapes and sizes. The most familiar proteases, like trypsin and pepsin, are machines of destruction used to digest proteins in our diet. How... | <urn:uuid:68ce0fe2-d22d-4028-a750-ba7a0ec9041b> | 3.328125 | 890 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.405682 |
Meltdown in the North; Endangered Earth; Exclusive Online Issues; by Matthew Sturm, Donald K. Perovich and Mark C. Serreze; 7 Page(s)
The list is impressively long: The warmest air temperatures in four centuries, a shrinking sea-ice cover, a record amount of melting on the Greenland Ice Sheet, Alaskan glaciers retreati... | <urn:uuid:74fbfd3b-d91b-47f4-a01a-58ea488be57e> | 3.90625 | 357 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 34.764951 |
Chinese coal blamed for global
warming er... cooling
Economists ride into sulphurous cloud of aerosols
The refusal of the global temperatures to rise as predicted has caused much angst among academics. "The fact is that we can't account for the lack of warming at the moment and it is a travesty that we can't," wrote on... | <urn:uuid:053e112f-2882-4f0f-8383-02a6083a0a0d> | 3.125 | 880 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 46.884079 |
Haskell is a pure functional ProgrammingLanguage that employs LazyEvaluation and supports generic or PolymorphicTypes.
It has some cool concepts, like the dot operator. If you remember your calculus, it used the . for functional composition — and so does Haskell! This allows you to do something similar to the pipe oper... | <urn:uuid:8570917f-f45e-4e9b-9c0f-7886b49d0d1b> | 3.078125 | 229 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 50.2301 |
NASA’s “Phone Sat” network of Android based satellites released the first pictures of Earth taken from orbit. The network consists of three satellites which are basically Android running Nexus One smartphones. After this first success, NASA decided to extend the program.
People have wondered about the possibility of li... | <urn:uuid:4a125a11-0ef0-4b15-9e6e-f6f753f1ca56> | 2.78125 | 132 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 35.30619 |
Boo is a statically typed language.
Static typing is about the ability to type check a program for type correctness.
Static typing is about being able to deliver better runtime performance.
Static typing is not about putting the burden of declaring types on the programmer as most mainstream languages do.
The mechanism ... | <urn:uuid:1588657b-ae8a-443d-80d8-48402d0d6932> | 3.53125 | 1,259 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 48.427351 |
Manual Section... (3) - page: ecvt
NAMEecvt, fcvt - convert a floating-point number to a string
char *ecvt(double number, int ndigits, int *decpt, int *sign);
char *fcvt(double number, int ndigits, int *decpt, int *sign);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
DESCRIPTIONThe ecvt() func... | <urn:uuid:4550f6b2-e0ca-48c2-b1c1-b9758a35c78c> | 2.9375 | 529 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 68.822139 |