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Punctuated equilibrium and molecular clocks?
Dr. Peter Gegenheimer
PGegen at UKans.nolospamare.edu
Fri Sep 4 18:37:39 EST 1998
On Wed, 2 Sep 1998 15:16:45, Johnjoe McFadden <j.mcfadden at surrey.ac.uk> wrote:
> Punctuated equilibrium and molecular clocks?
> The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis of Gould and Eldridge, i... | <urn:uuid:a1cbc04d-4acb-4b8e-a92d-c74598ab5a4b> | 2.640625 | 533 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 43.239046 | 400 |
We have seen that the grand disparity that was believed to exist between the way Nature works here on earth and in the heavens is not valid. The question remains, however, can we learn everything we need to know by investigating phenomena here on earth and extending that result to the Universe at large?
The answer must... | <urn:uuid:f9420df7-da98-4a38-b73a-49b3f5de5570> | 3.265625 | 638 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 45.422311 | 401 |
This lecture is about ways of looking at DNA sequences in complete genomes and chromosomes, in terms of symmetry elements. There are two parts to this talk. In Part 1, I will discuss the fact that we simply have "Too Much Information" becoming available, and the problem will only get worse in the near future. There are... | <urn:uuid:4efde337-022b-4a51-bb2b-99949f551b28> | 3.046875 | 2,521 | Audio Transcript | Science & Tech. | 61.187538 | 402 |
Delaware Bay — One
a 10,000-Mile-Long Chain
During May and early June, the shores of Delaware Bay resonate
with the cheerful chattering of more than 20 species of migratory
shorebirds. Delaware Bay provides an ecologically important
stepping-stone for the birds' spring pilgrimage to Arctic nesting
grounds.The Delaware ... | <urn:uuid:04ebbc42-3082-425f-9757-68642066de98> | 3.375 | 630 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 41.248588 | 403 |
This week’s top news story has been hiding in plain sight on the Internet for two years.
Even so, a September, 2010 report from Deutsche Bank Group entitled “Climate Change: Addressing the Major Skeptic Arguments,” is big news. In Earth Preservers’ opinion, the report has the potential to be a game-changer because it h... | <urn:uuid:0ea7ffd5-5967-436c-b5e3-e1620cf95b58> | 2.640625 | 426 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 33.547692 | 404 |
The Bonding Model
A Brief Description
What is it?
A mechanism by means of which atoms, ions or groups of atoms are held together in a molecule or crystal.
A tentative description of a system or theory that accounts for all of its known properties. | <urn:uuid:f02d9416-8186-4f02-a920-55f0b199ea5d> | 2.546875 | 54 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 60.01 | 405 |
Two researchers from the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves at Southeast University from Nanjing, China, have discovered and prototyped a device that acts like a black hole for electromagnetic waves in the microwave spectrum. It consists of 60 concentric rings of metamaterials, a class or ordered composites that ... | <urn:uuid:9223455a-55b0-44bb-b0c4-c351a964fb39> | 3.328125 | 510 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 30.252155 | 406 |
ATP hydrolysis in F1-ATPase
Why is F1Fo-ATP synthase so important?
F1Fo-ATP synthase, or ATP synthase for short, is one of the most abundant proteins in every organism. It is responsible for synthesizing the molecule adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), the cells’ energy currency. ATP is depicted in Fig. 1 and used to power ... | <urn:uuid:ffc4d1d4-49ed-4dfd-b327-6c2f202a05b7> | 3.53125 | 1,351 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 36.90577 | 407 |
Journal of scientists, physicists, mathematicians, engineers, inventors, nature, biology, technology, animal kingdoms, and science projects.
Kids to 12
If you have questions concerning this website, contact firstname.lastname@example.org
Make a Gas Balloon
by Jeanette Cain
2. Baking soda
3. Soft drink bottle
When a vol... | <urn:uuid:d724afa2-3b93-4b64-ab9f-f22b8946640c> | 3.609375 | 309 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 56.675386 | 408 |
Water from space is 'raining' onto a planet-forming disc at supersonic speeds, new observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope reveal. The unprecedented detail of the observations at this early stage of the disc's formation could help reveal which of two competing theories of planet formation is correct.
Planets form... | <urn:uuid:23eeb74b-c2db-46f7-b015-b9611e9f2bd0> | 3.90625 | 1,433 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 42.513405 | 409 |
a. Synoptic history
An extratropical low pressure system formed just east of the Turks and
Caicos Islands near 0000 UTC 25 October in response to an upper level
cyclone interacting with a frontal system. The low initially moved
northwestward, and in combination with a strong surface high to the north
developed into a g... | <urn:uuid:d64fb991-6106-4d55-b5c7-2cf381540ae9> | 3.09375 | 2,083 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 70.098467 | 410 |
Contact: Ken Kingery, NSCL, Office: 517-908-7482, Kingery@nscl.msu.edu
Published January 4, 2012
For Immediate Release
EAST LANSING, Mich. – The recent measurement of the mass of the short-lived rare isotope manganese-66 has made it possible for nuclear astrophysicists to pin down the underlying heating elements of one... | <urn:uuid:fe19fb5c-1732-4c4d-89d4-c2032e87fa1c> | 3.625 | 880 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 38.409882 | 411 |
1 GCC The GCC command invokes the GNU C compiler. GCC file-spec 2 Parameters file-spec A C source file. If no input file extension is specified, GNU C assumes .C as the default extension unless the /PLUS qualifier is given, in which case .CC is assumed as the default extension. If an extension of .CPP is given, then th... | <urn:uuid:01ae1d1d-f97d-420b-a8d9-926b83fcea12> | 3.3125 | 3,159 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 46.353827 | 412 |
Parsing XML Documents
To manipulate an XML document, XML parser is needed. The parser loads the document into the computer's memory. Once the document is loaded, its data can be manipulated using the appropriate parser.
We will soon discuss APIs and parsers for accessing XML documents using serially accesss mode (SAX) ... | <urn:uuid:11e6041b-34da-4e10-a185-a3ccb8d319fb> | 3.5625 | 648 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 45.82441 | 413 |
Displaying 1-13 of 13 links
AfricaAdapt is a bilingual (English/French) network of African researchers, policymakers, civil society organisations and local communities that encourages information sharing on climate change adaptation for Africa.
The network publishes information on its activities including workshops, in... | <urn:uuid:02c598e4-b789-4b16-a239-434d102f9a6c> | 2.90625 | 1,177 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 14.803434 | 414 |
Aug. 20, 2012 Botany is plagued by the same problem as the rest of science and society: our ability to generate data quickly and cheaply is surpassing our ability to access and analyze it. In this age of big data, scientists facing too much information rely on computers to search large data sets for patterns that are b... | <urn:uuid:e259c501-12cb-4c8a-8d16-344ec175ca5c> | 3.34375 | 854 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 37.604072 | 415 |
Apr 2, 2009 | 1
Stargazers take note: Today marks the beginning of a four-day celestial celebration called 100 Hours of Astronomy, part of the International Astronomical Union's International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009). The IYA2009 marks the 400th anniversary of Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei turning his telescope... | <urn:uuid:486f237c-137a-42f4-a753-124ae39ffd6e> | 2.53125 | 321 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 26.846581 | 416 |
- Introduction to Hubble
- The Current Science Instruments
- Mission Operations and Observations
- Previous Instruments
- Technical Overview
Introduction to Hubble
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a cooperative program of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to... | <urn:uuid:eb22ec4d-4069-49a1-8a5e-6fdb526d2a5a> | 3.484375 | 4,978 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 38.758229 | 417 |
University of Idaho Geologists Take Preventative Measures Before Potential Earthquake
Monday, July 11 2011
IDAHO FALLS, Idaho – Grand Teton National Park is a spectacular site along the Wyoming-Idaho border. The park brings in nearly 4 million visitors a year and creates a scenic background for those who live there.
Wh... | <urn:uuid:598d39a2-6240-4ac2-9698-b54ba43fcdc1> | 3.21875 | 752 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 31.121045 | 418 |
Want to stay on top of all the space news? Follow @universetoday on Twitter
At 54.6 million km away at its closest, the fastest travel to Mars from Earth using current technology (and no small bit of math) takes around 214 days — that’s about 30 weeks, or 7 months. A robotic explorer like Curiosity may not have any iss... | <urn:uuid:c8b6f20c-f68c-449a-a881-34c4b2fdc078> | 3.953125 | 694 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 51.146838 | 419 |
In programming, classification of a particular type of information. It is easy for humans to distinguish between different types of data. We can usually tell at a glance whether a number is a percentage, a time, or an amount of money. We do this through special symbols -- %, :, and $ -- that indicate the data's type. S... | <urn:uuid:47437832-f7d4-4366-94ba-2caef5456fb8> | 3.609375 | 152 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 27.357179 | 420 |
In 1991 the Galileo spacecraft photographed the asteroid, Gaspra. This picture shows the asteroid in false color. Gaspra circles the Sun between Mars and Jupiter.
Click on image for full size
Japan And U.S. Join Together for Asteroid Expedition
News story originally written on June 20, 1997
The first asteroid collectio... | <urn:uuid:bbafcfb3-30eb-4ad6-b65b-900551d18354> | 3.640625 | 695 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 49.231404 | 421 |
xmlsh is derived from a similar syntax as the unix shells (see Philosophy) . If you are familiar with any of these shell languages (sh,bash,ksh,zsh) you should be right at home. An attempt was made to stay very close to the sh syntax where reasonable, but not all subtlies or features of the unix shells are implemented.... | <urn:uuid:693b762b-6579-4096-8873-426b157e93c6> | 2.78125 | 532 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 41.737462 | 422 |
Simple observational proof of the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide
Posted by Ari Jokimäki on April 19, 2010
Recently, I showed briefly a simple observational proof that greenhouse effect exists using a paper by Ellingson & Wiscombe (1996). Now I will present a similar paper that deepens the proof and shows more clea... | <urn:uuid:7ca379c3-faf0-4aab-83e1-0999a130f017> | 2.78125 | 746 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 45.861755 | 423 |
Effects of agriculture, urbanization, and climate on water quality in the northern Great Plains
Limnol. Oceanogr., 44(3_part_2), 1999, 739-756 | DOI: 10.4319/lo.1999.44.3_part_2.0739
ABSTRACT: The QuAppelle Valley drainage system provides water to a third of the population of the Canadian Great Plains, yet is plagued b... | <urn:uuid:a1a2c89e-04ce-4111-9061-590b9e2b279d> | 2.828125 | 557 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 14.229348 | 424 |
How Much Does the Ocean Weigh?
Water does weigh something; about 8.3 pounds per gallon. In research published this week, scientists from the National Oceanography Center and Newcastle University have proposed an idea that will assess the mass of the world ocean by weighing it at a single point. But there is a catch. Gl... | <urn:uuid:7c5d0829-26bf-4315-9573-7861ac4c1901> | 3.65625 | 630 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 45.56883 | 425 |
5.8 magnitude earthquake. There was a lot of chatter generated by it, probably disproportionate to the magnitude of the event. There were a few news items that might be of interest to some of you. First, contrary to initial reports, there was some building damage in Virginia and the DC area, including the collapse of f... | <urn:uuid:888fe84b-8541-4cec-97f6-504bbe4d5df0> | 2.609375 | 266 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 47.627928 | 426 |
The Westerlies, anti-trades, or Prevailing Westerlies, are prevailing winds in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude, blowing from the high pressure area in the horse latitudes towards the poles. These prevailing winds blow from the west to the east and steer extratropical cyclones in this general man... | <urn:uuid:93104ccf-3d6e-43ec-af16-17dcd0d47b03> | 3.96875 | 2,388 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 49.147338 | 427 |
Initial surveys began this week and are focusing on the collection of water samples for eDNA analysis. Electroshocking and netting survey efforts will also be conducted starting next week. The eDNA surveys will occur in the Sandusky River and Bay, and the Maumee River and Bay. Samples will be collected in the areas whe... | <urn:uuid:1da944ff-f613-4437-88c4-f052b1514ec0> | 2.5625 | 263 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 24.497189 | 428 |
Shortly after the Deepwater Horizon disaster, mysterious honeycomb material was found floating in the Gulf of Mexico and along coastal beaches. Using state-of-the-art chemical forensics and a bit of old-fashioned detective work, a research team led by scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) confirmed ... | <urn:uuid:159fe05d-2ff2-40d7-b7fd-3e6b8580676c> | 3.171875 | 1,158 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 39.867616 | 429 |
The Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) of Seyfert galaxy M77 (NGC 1068), about 60 million light years from Earth, in the X-ray light, as photographed by Chandra X-ray Observatory.
A composite Chandra X-ray (blue/green) and Hubble optical (red) image of M77 (NGC 1068) shows hot gas blowing away from a central supermassive ob... | <urn:uuid:ca6a66be-8a64-433f-8fae-bbae7e01bdef> | 3.59375 | 499 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 79.921157 | 430 |
"Basically what has happened by introducing the toads is it has created really strong evolutionary pressure both on the toads themselves and on animals that interact on the toads," Shine said.
For example, Shine and his colleague Benjamin Phillips previously showed that two native Australian snake species have evolved ... | <urn:uuid:99526aee-9313-40fd-a7bb-a1193129d6bf> | 3.921875 | 641 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 37.832566 | 431 |
Step by step data modeling with Cassandra:
When working with a relational database, the first thing you do is modeling your data. A well defined database model allows you to query its data through SQL queries. Unfortunately, a fully normalized model degrades your performance when joins need to be executed on tables tha... | <urn:uuid:f89668d8-7d97-44b7-9d76-70142645bc74> | 2.59375 | 153 | Truncated | Software Dev. | 23.705714 | 432 |
Mission Type: Flyby
Launch Vehicle: Titan IIIE-Centaur (TC-7 / Titan no. 23E-7 / Centaur D-1T)
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral, USA, Launch Complex 41
NASA Center: Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Spacecraft Mass: 2,080 kg (822 kg mission module)
Spacecraft Instruments: 1) imaging system; 2) ultraviolet spectrometer; 3) infrared ... | <urn:uuid:8dc77e83-9fed-44f4-9ea1-785ba6eb8250> | 2.8125 | 2,129 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 54.372877 | 433 |
The current state of arctic sea ice (see graph below) sends a chill down my spine.
So what it says is that the ice is melting furiously, and looks like it’s not yet slowing down even though the days have started to draw in.
However, any scientist will tell you that no single data point can be used as evidence of global... | <urn:uuid:9a7cd3b6-4f62-4026-a172-8d9ce40f079e> | 2.890625 | 1,518 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 59.33903 | 434 |
I have seen many tutorials on ASP.NET but most of them starts with coding and writing your first ASP.NET Program. But here I has written this tutorial for explaining why there is a need for ASP.NET when classy ASP is working fine and what are the underlying technology behind ASP.NET, What programming model ASP.NET Prov... | <urn:uuid:9b858cdc-f880-4b7a-9fbf-1b67bd6e948f> | 3.1875 | 4,994 | Truncated | Software Dev. | 47.079626 | 435 |
This page describes how to specify the direction of a vector. It contains a text description and an animation of an arrow turning counterclockwise that displays the degree that it is at. There are links at the bottom of the page for similar animations.
This tutorial is part of The Physics Classroom. This web site also ... | <urn:uuid:6a11f536-346c-4d0c-958b-70bb1362951b> | 3.46875 | 192 | Tutorial | Science & Tech. | 45.497727 | 436 |
Category: Sponges view all from this category
Description 8" tall (20 cm) and 1" (2.5 cm) wide. Sponge produces brilliantly colored tree-like, intertwined branches in red and orange. Surface is covered with tiny, scattered pores.
Habitat Ocean or bay shallows, Tidepools.
Range Eastern Canada, Florida, New England, Mid-... | <urn:uuid:5b37c27a-2d82-4de1-8942-df11c18b4567> | 3.09375 | 147 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 33.730857 | 437 |
What does this program measure?
Sulfur Dioxide is measured at 4,10,23,and 40 meters above the ground, in units of parts per trillion by volume.
How does this program work?
Why is this research important?
This is part of an effort to monitor long-term of emissions from Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes. It may provide a p... | <urn:uuid:f8bcf8d0-f144-4e8a-b1ee-796934b50837> | 4.03125 | 233 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 60.74052 | 438 |
- Formation of H2 and CH4 by weathering of olivine at temperatures between 30 and 70°CAnna Neubeck
Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
Geochem Trans 12:6. 2011..This may expand the range of environments plausible for abiotic CH4 formation both on Earth and on other terrestrial bodies...
- Me... | <urn:uuid:42de6163-2efa-4490-ba7a-c4d0a2a4ed7f> | 2.796875 | 378 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 25.039844 | 439 |
Ancient Ichthyosaur Mother Did Not Explode, Scientists Say
An ichthyosaur female with embryos scattered outside her body.
It is unlikely that the body of a mother ichthyosaur exploded, say researchers who offer another explanation for the scattered remains of embryos found around her in rock that was once deep underwat... | <urn:uuid:8aa2421f-4491-4216-aa1b-341bb6b55b5b> | 3.390625 | 608 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 33.144118 | 440 |
The following HTML text is provided to enhance online
readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML.
Please use the page image
as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy.
Defending Planet Earth: Near-Earth-Object Surveys and Hazard Mitigation Strategies
or regional effects near the time and... | <urn:uuid:1c8537b6-85fc-4358-8e69-44ca13424579> | 3.265625 | 863 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 12.632292 | 441 |
Destroying a dangerous asteroid with a nuclear bomb is a well-worn trope of science fiction, but it could become reality soon enough.
Scientists are developing a mission concept that would blow apart an Earth-threatening asteroid with a nuclear explosion, just like Bruce Willis and his oilmen-turned-astronaut crew did ... | <urn:uuid:e4d7dff6-f3a3-4717-910b-97e700c705b1> | 3.359375 | 1,102 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 49.307155 | 442 |
Environmental News: Media CenterMain page | Archive
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Press contact: Dr. Susan Subak, 202-289-2417
If you are not a member of the press, please write to us at firstname.lastname@example.org or see our contact page.
Major Changes Ahead Due to Global Warming, Says New Federal Report
Mid-Atlantic Regio... | <urn:uuid:938c302c-58f2-4006-9441-a899aff50880> | 2.890625 | 919 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 29.399965 | 443 |
Press Release 10-142
Gulf Oil Spill: NSF Awards Grant to Study Effects of Oil and Dispersants on Louisiana Salt Marsh Ecosystem
Researchers measuring impacts of short- and long-term exposure in extensive Gulf Coast marshes
August 16, 2010
As oil and dispersants wash ashore in coastal Louisiana salt marshes, what will t... | <urn:uuid:c05f8f19-595e-4ad5-9208-8d378ff764cb> | 3.140625 | 1,033 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 51.255162 | 444 |
|Feb8-13, 06:53 AM||#1|
Friction conditions on contact point of disc
I have some doubts regarding the friction force on a certain situation. Imagine a disc over a fixed flat surface. Like this:
The disc has two motions, rotational and translational but these are independent of each other. I mean the translational motio... | <urn:uuid:71afd96d-d742-443c-bdac-974756c057f4> | 2.75 | 316 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 52.911731 | 445 |
PostgreSQL has a large object facility, which provides stream-style access to user data that is stored in a special large-object structure. Streaming access is useful when working with data values that are too large to manipulate conveniently as a whole.
This chapter describes the implementation and the programming and... | <urn:uuid:57a87af7-2167-4b33-94bb-7ef763afaa29> | 2.578125 | 118 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 23.697647 | 446 |
A regular expression (regexp) is a text string that describes some set of strings.
Functions that handle regular expressions, based on GNU regexp-0.12, have been implemented (for more details, see the GNU documentation about regexp rules).
The functions available from Search menu provide search forward or backward and ... | <urn:uuid:3fca356f-7757-4c16-b824-ba85de9811d8> | 2.953125 | 370 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 62.315392 | 447 |
June 2004 Sky from the Keeble Observatory
We will be unable to view the June 8th "transit of Venus" from the Keeble Observatory - the event will be over before the rising Sun clears our obscured eastern horizon. You will, however, be able to view it from several global web sites: The Exploratorium, in San Francisco wil... | <urn:uuid:a14c43de-99e0-4bc2-9aff-30cb43f3da1e> | 3.078125 | 1,450 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 60.031577 | 448 |
Fascinating creatures indeed bentley!
Cuttlefish belong to the Cephalopoda class and includes squid, octopuses, and nautiluses). Although they are known as fish, they are mollusks and not fish! Recent studies indicate that cuttlefish are among the most intelligent invertebrates. Internationally there are 120 species of... | <urn:uuid:b54600a1-7fc1-4680-a155-982badee16b7> | 3.421875 | 703 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 39.829133 | 449 |
by Staff Writers
Ann Arbor MI (SPX) Mar 14, 2013
In evolutionary biology, there is a deeply rooted supposition that you can't go home again: Once an organism has evolved specialized traits, it can't return to the lifestyle of its ancestors.
There's even a name for this pervasive idea. Dollo's law states that evolution ... | <urn:uuid:d326f074-df33-47b2-afdc-38759e5eadd0> | 3.046875 | 1,417 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 21.896895 | 450 |
How do people know how old a star is?
Wow, this is a popular question! Scientists have learned a lot about stars, especially the stages in their lives. Since a single star can live for billions of years, scientists study several stars at different stages of their lives.
Certain characteristics of stars are related to e... | <urn:uuid:c0c6b479-5438-47f4-a412-d5c36f7ad001> | 3.671875 | 816 | Content Listing | Science & Tech. | 63.365947 | 451 |
October 3, 2011 | A team that includes NCAR scientists Anne Boynard and Alex Guenther has found that the rate at which plant canopies emit isoprene, a volatile organic compound, is influenced by circadian rhythms. The discovery has the potential to lead to more accurate predictions of ground-level ozone, which is harmf... | <urn:uuid:ef2fddd6-6d5b-4319-ad5a-b03922cfdc5c> | 3.296875 | 437 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 42.501375 | 452 |
This is another image I found on Google+
All lines are absolutely straight, parallel and perpendicular but why does it appear to have a curvature?
Related: How does this illusion work?
Like these questions :) Many of these illusions come from Prof. Akiyoshi Kitaoka, a japanese Psychologist and expert for Gestalt Psycho... | <urn:uuid:41b7145c-e537-491e-9369-ebe5ab5d7f66> | 2.71875 | 399 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 25.346958 | 453 |
Scientific name: Coenonympha tullia
Rests with wings closed. Some have row of ‘eyespots’ on underwings, like Ringlet, but some don’t.
The Large Heath is restricted to wet boggy habitats in northern Britain, Ireland, and a few isolated sites in Wales and central England.
The adults always sit with their wings closed and... | <urn:uuid:3a335f27-c035-4215-b4c2-b0179298929c> | 3.5 | 520 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 28.962464 | 454 |
We said on the Getting Started Page that HTML is
nothing more than a box of highlighters that we use to carefully describe our text. This is mostly the entire story. Normally our content is just text we want to define in some way. But what if our content is not just text? What if, let’s say, we have a bunch of images t... | <urn:uuid:802e6015-705c-4518-969a-a08bf3e5ad88> | 3.234375 | 1,534 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 64.109588 | 455 |
I was given this code from a thread that I created (i cannot remember who) and I would like somebody (preferably the same person who gave it to me) to explain what each line does ('cause i've got no idea). And also, when I compile it (in MSVC++ 6.0), it does nothing but sit there!! It is meant to display all of the lin... | <urn:uuid:364ad431-a0c8-44e7-8c15-f614a15b6f5a> | 2.875 | 180 | Personal Blog | Software Dev. | 78.901365 | 456 |
Did you know that most of the computers on which you deploy applications have more power in the GPU on the video card than in the CPU, even multi-core machines? Harnessing the power of the GPU is the next step in the manycore/multicore revolution and can mean astonishing improvements in execution time. Depending on how... | <urn:uuid:8fa1ab43-5b0e-4ef6-aabd-038ffb133eca> | 3.03125 | 224 | News (Org.) | Software Dev. | 46.038138 | 457 |
Cyanobacterial Emergence at 2.8 Gya and Greenhouse Feedbacks
D. Schwartzman, K. Caldeira & A. Pavlov
Approximately 2.8 billion years ago, cyanobacteria and a methane-influenced greenhouse emerged nearly simultaneously. Here we hypothesize that the evolution of cyanobacteria could have caused a methane greenhouse.
Appar... | <urn:uuid:f4947171-69c0-4989-a627-b8ca8e544ab3> | 2.71875 | 417 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 22.795393 | 458 |
The sum utility calculates and prints a 16-bit checksum for the named file and the number of 512-byte blocks in the file. It is typically used to look for bad spots, or to validate a file communicated over some transmission line.
The following options are supported:
Use an alternate (machine-dependent) algorithm in com... | <urn:uuid:73ff07cb-09a1-46ee-a241-2dd7b2cf7934> | 2.65625 | 253 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 42.467734 | 459 |
Note: Using access() to check if a user is authorized to e.g. open a file before actually doing so using open() creates a security hole, because the user might exploit the short time interval between checking and opening the file to manipulate it.
Note: I/O operations may fail even when access() indicates that they wou... | <urn:uuid:cc9bee38-ec23-4459-b5cc-5601b63c418b> | 2.921875 | 2,355 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 47.354915 | 460 |
16 Jun 2008: Report
The Limits of Climate Modeling
As the public seeks answers about the future impacts of climate change, some climatologists are growing increasingly uneasy about the localized predictions they are being asked to make.
Now that the world largely accepts our climate is changing, and that humans are to ... | <urn:uuid:b16d65e9-f659-4f06-882f-45c8ec102566> | 3 | 2,143 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 39.759837 | 461 |
||This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2010)|
Opacity is the measure of impenetrability to electromagnetic or other kinds of radiation, especially visible light. In radiative transfer, it describes the absorption and scattering of radiation in a medium, such as a plasma, dielectric, shiel... | <urn:uuid:2d3f3447-b565-4f51-9cdf-55ed1cc136a9> | 3.953125 | 717 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 14.203316 | 462 |
The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere. It contains approximately 80% of the atmosphere's mass and 99% of its water vapor and aerosols. The average depth of the troposphere is approximately 17 km (11 mi) in the middle latitudes. It is deeper in the tropics, up to 20 km (12 mi), and shallower near t... | <urn:uuid:289d13f0-c4f6-44f9-8b69-3daada4f7990> | 4.375 | 2,265 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 39.657849 | 463 |
|Foundation of Quantum Theory|
The following well-known experiments serve as a motivation for studying quantum theory. The experimental results cannot be explained using ideas from classical physics.
|1. Blackbody Radiation||2. Photoelectric Effect||3. Compton Effect|
It is well-known that when a body is heated it emit... | <urn:uuid:ce82c755-4001-49b5-866b-576e95373ef8> | 3.671875 | 3,244 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 44.877323 | 464 |
Bivalves in Time and Space (BiTS): Clams as tools to understand macroevolution
2011 REU Project:
This study is part of a collaborative effort (see also www.bivatol.org/BiTS/) to develop bivalves as a model clade for macroevolutionary studies. By integrating molecular, morphological and paleontological datasets, BiTS ai... | <urn:uuid:9852024a-517f-481c-8747-c26fb866b524> | 2.6875 | 750 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 4.664802 | 465 |
Robert A. Pritzker Assistant Curator of Meteoritics and Polar Studies Philipp Heck and co-authors from the Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry in Germany had their paper on the first isotopic analysis of sulfur-rich comet dust published in the April issue of the journal Meteoritics & Planetary Science. The dust was capt... | <urn:uuid:5f953902-9e10-4542-9451-f2f8fa14bc64> | 2.9375 | 608 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 37.056982 | 466 |
In the applet below you see 1D realisation of white and correlated noise
with equidistant step in x. Independent random points
uniform distribution on interval (-1, 1) make the white noise (the blue
curve). Correlated random points Vi (the red curve) are
obtained by averaging of white noise in radius Rc sphere, i.e.
ke... | <urn:uuid:ad8ea79d-d059-4e6b-9162-059c5c2dc206> | 2.6875 | 403 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 76.022895 | 467 |
Length of metal strips produced by a machine are normally distributed with mean length of 150 cm and a standard deviation of 10 cm. Find the probability that the length of a randomly selected strip is
i/ Shorter than 165 cm?
ii/ Longer than 170 cm?
iii/ Between 145 cm and 155 cm? | <urn:uuid:b1c81644-32dd-49d4-ba08-7b8c59cdda58> | 3.1875 | 65 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 88.035307 | 468 |
Marine Wildlife Encyclopedia
Acoel Flatworm Waminoa species
The diminutive acoel flatworms look like colored spots on the bubble coral on which they live. Their ultra-thin bodies glide over the coral surface as they graze, probably eating organic debris trapped by coral mucus. Acoel flatworms have no eyes and instead o... | <urn:uuid:7f445df0-7be3-4499-90a1-236dec70c805> | 2.625 | 119 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 29.705 | 469 |
Newton's first law states that an object will keep doing what it is doing if left alone, in other words - The natural state of an object is static - unchanging - motion.
Newton's second law clarifies the first. Acceleration, or any change in motion, is an unnatural state for an arbitrary object left to its laurels, how... | <urn:uuid:9653235f-f275-4ae2-8e05-52f71a5a082d> | 3.390625 | 273 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 39.848107 | 470 |
Contrary to popular belief, astronauts still have weight while they are orbiting the earth. In fact, Shuttle astronauts weigh almost as much in space as they do on the earth's surface. But these astronauts are in free fall, together with their ship, and their downward accelerations prevents them from measuring their we... | <urn:uuid:5696a8c8-21e4-4bdc-a7a2-5523499690d2> | 4.5 | 240 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 42.654701 | 471 |
Defects combine to make perfect devices
Jun 26, 2002
Faulty components are usually rejected in the manufacture of computers and other high-tech devices. However, Damien Challet and Neil Johnson of Oxford University say that this need not be the case. They have used statistical physics to show that the errors from defec... | <urn:uuid:7ed1dcb4-7e35-4561-bffe-329002b7a93d> | 3.671875 | 584 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 32.359988 | 472 |
Launch Date: December 02, 1997
Mission Project Home Page - http://www.mpe-garching.mpg.de/EQS/eqs_home.html
EQUATOR-S was a low-cost mission designed to study the Earth's equatorial magnetosphere out to distances of 67000 km. It formed an element of the closely-coordinated fleet of satellites that compose the IASTP pro... | <urn:uuid:08b61c80-8adc-4d5c-92e2-9ac587918416> | 3.09375 | 335 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 48.947562 | 473 |
More on those rorquals: part I is required reading. To those who have seen this stuff before: sorry, am going through a busy phase and no time for new material (blame dinosaurs and azhdarchoid pterosaurs… and baby girls). Oh, incidentally, I recently registered Tet Zoo with ResearchBlogging: I haven’t done this before ... | <urn:uuid:8f2f560b-dae5-475c-97cf-fc3c37678e04> | 2.671875 | 1,965 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 48.710284 | 474 |
PHP is considered an insecure language to develop in not because of secret backdoors put in by the PHP language developers, but because it was initially developed without security as a major concern and compared to other languages/web frameworks its difficult to develop securely in it.
E.g., if you develop a LAMP/LAPP ... | <urn:uuid:9f5695bc-5609-4c4f-ad0d-a28ed7a4e1d1> | 2.78125 | 437 | Q&A Forum | Software Dev. | 23.270071 | 475 |
The cerebral cortex, a layer of neural tissue surrounding the cerebrum of the mammalian brain, has been known to play various roles in memory, language, thought, attention, and consciousness. Up until now, no invertebrate equivalent
to the cerebral cortex has been encountered, but Detlev Arendt, Raju Tomer, and colleag... | <urn:uuid:1a0e3f67-9ec4-493a-8b64-388a43f16bf0> | 3.484375 | 260 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 31.768566 | 476 |
Object Pool Design Pattern
Object pooling can offer a significant performance boost; it is most effective in situations where the cost of initializing a class instance is high, the rate of instantiation of a class is high, and the number of instantiations in use at any one time is low.
Object pools (otherwise known as ... | <urn:uuid:2cf5c550-c98e-4074-8ffd-0e998c786591> | 2.875 | 999 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 41.722381 | 477 |
The re-introduction of wolves in a US National Park in the mid-1990s is not helping quaking aspens (Populus tremuloides) to become re-established, as many researchers hoped.
In a study published in the journal Ecology showed that the population of wolves in Yellowstone Park was not deterring elks from eating young tree... | <urn:uuid:3dbcd303-6bf8-4ee3-b99b-8d939aff08b0> | 2.9375 | 616 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 22.258679 | 478 |
This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancesto... | <urn:uuid:1175fce3-6e6f-4cc3-a81c-14516c744153> | 3.4375 | 2,746 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 43.62091 | 479 |
By Chris Wickham
LONDON (Reuters) - Large-scale engineering projects aimed at fighting global warming could radically reduce rainfall in Europe and North America, a team of scientists from four European countries have warned.
Geoengineering projects are controversial, even though they are largely theoretical at this po... | <urn:uuid:2d6ed62d-530d-4e14-9b7c-e71629d6b1a1> | 3.203125 | 425 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 24.368692 | 480 |
In Writing Secure PHP, I covered a few of the most common security holes in websites. It's time to move on, though, to a few more advanced techniques for securing a website. As techniques for 'breaking into' a site or crashing a site become more advanced, so must the methods used to stop those attacks.
Most hosting env... | <urn:uuid:88a3943e-6d77-4211-8079-34a232f009fd> | 2.546875 | 1,679 | Tutorial | Software Dev. | 48.596991 | 481 |
Spiders: True or False?
Spiders evolved more than 300 million years ago, long before dinosaurs walked the Earth.
- True. Those ancient spiders didn't build webs but sought the safety of burrows dug underground. There, they were shaded from the Sun and protected from predators.
There are as many species of mammals as th... | <urn:uuid:355f91bc-3817-4af4-8f64-cd94b2bfbe6d> | 3.390625 | 556 | Q&A Forum | Science & Tech. | 56.747675 | 482 |
One half of optics was missing
At optical frequencies, electromagnetic waves interact with an ordinary optical material (e.g., glass) via the electronic polarizability of the material. In contrast, the corresponding magnetizability is negligible for frequencies above a few THz, or in other words, its magnetic permeabil... | <urn:uuid:daebb916-fc77-4989-a71e-ab10d0c822cd> | 3.46875 | 765 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 13.463016 | 483 |
Using the code
The object is called
XMLWriter. It automatically replaces invalid characters such as quotation marks or greater than signs with the appropriate XML values. However, it does not throw exceptions on invalid tag names, because the application I’m writing won’t have the possibility of producing invalid tag n... | <urn:uuid:dc06ca57-286f-4242-94bc-3cc2724496d8> | 2.5625 | 440 | Documentation | Software Dev. | 58.905508 | 484 |
Cascading Style Sheets and themes development
Cascading Style Sheets, commonly referred to as CSS, is commonly used to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but can be used together with any kind of XML document. It is a style sheet language used to describe the look and formatting (presentation semantics) of a do... | <urn:uuid:eaa36fc8-ecca-48d1-8983-07e89d8ceb11> | 3.921875 | 649 | Knowledge Article | Software Dev. | 46.424753 | 485 |
Scientists from Stanford University, the Wildlife Conservation Society, the American Museum of Natural History, and other organizations are closing in on the answer to an important conservation question: how many humpback whales once existed in the North Atlantic?
Building on previous genetic analyses to estimate the p... | <urn:uuid:191f0960-5692-4290-b26b-c2e038ee1936> | 3.6875 | 1,235 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 27.650889 | 486 |
Active Sunspot Shoots Off Intense New Solar Flare
The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) captured this image of the sun during an M6.1 flare that peaked at 7:44 AM EDT on July 5, 2012. The image is shown in the 304 Angstrom wavelength, which is typically colorized in red.
The sun fired off yet another intense solar flare... | <urn:uuid:7bf285d9-50fe-4a56-88ce-e0ccb22f68b1> | 3.265625 | 659 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 50.708943 | 487 |
Volume 9, Issue 2
Tricks of the Trade
In and Out
Download This Issue
Learning about Differential Equations from Their Symmetries
Application of MathSym to Analyzing an Ordinary Differential Equation
In the previous section we used a scaling symmetry to help understand the solutions of a pair of differential equations. ... | <urn:uuid:621b4b37-387c-4787-9931-0da8ab590a19> | 3.359375 | 692 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 36.476891 | 488 |
Joined: 16 Mar 2004
|Posted: Tue May 27, 2008 11:36 am Post subject: Assembly lines for nanotechnology.
|24 August 2007 RSC Publishing - Chemical Technology
Nano production lines
Researchers in Switzerland have built nanoscale cargo loading stations and shuttles, an important step towards assembly lines for nanotechnol... | <urn:uuid:21df35ea-b78d-400a-9ded-412d6c7d5521> | 3.328125 | 466 | Comment Section | Science & Tech. | 29.467236 | 489 |
Another Tropical Cyclone Developing
Hurricane Season 2012: Tropical System 92E (Eastern Pacific Ocean)
While Tropical storm Aletta is forecast to weaken and dissipate another tropical cyclone appears to be forming in the eastern Pacific south of Acapulco, Mexico. The TRMM satellite passed above this tropical disturbanc... | <urn:uuid:08219858-741f-4000-be9a-2022c05c95fa> | 2.59375 | 259 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 45.037919 | 490 |
EVEN a material 10 billion times as strong as steel has a breaking point. It seems neutron stars may shatter under extreme forces, explaining puzzling X-ray flares.
Neutron stars are dense remnants of stars gone supernova, packing the mass of the sun into a sphere the size of a city. Their cores may be fluid, but their... | <urn:uuid:dde9296d-febe-4cf0-8ed1-a0f99cdc6029> | 3.921875 | 484 | Truncated | Science & Tech. | 47.882598 | 491 |
A tsunami is a series of waves most commonly caused by violent movement of the sea floor. In some ways, it resembles the ripples radiating outward from the spot where stone has been thrown into the water, but a tsunami can occur on an enormous scale. Tsunamis are generated by any large, impulsive displacement of the se... | <urn:uuid:87a817df-e201-474d-b964-dcde3f8d1a17> | 4.90625 | 2,112 | Knowledge Article | Science & Tech. | 39.834447 | 492 |
Quarks are completely confined within protons and neutrons: a phenomenon that we do not completely understand. The artist's view below represents the two interlinked phenomena that drive confinement: the long-range correlations in the physical vacuum that surround the proton and excludes the color-field emanating from ... | <urn:uuid:995b15b9-4599-4630-b3ea-780e20ab3f77> | 3.34375 | 637 | Academic Writing | Science & Tech. | 40.847735 | 493 |
Penn Physics Professor Finds Light under the Sea
Penn Physics and Astronomy Assistant Professor Alison Sweeney's research on undersea biooptics may have implications for solar energy and the development of biofuels. As reported on the SASFrontiers website, Sweeney's research indicates that proteins in mollusc shells, c... | <urn:uuid:4ef20d98-c749-446b-af61-0df21c103cc5> | 2.765625 | 131 | News (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 22.970163 | 494 |
The uncanny valley appears pretty frequently in these pages, at least in presentation — like the disembodied baby head above, for instance, or the wonderfully horrible Telenoid. These robots and others represent the gulf in our robot affinity that gapes open when machines approach a certain level of human likeness.
Mas... | <urn:uuid:c801bdac-aa80-4e1f-b826-906d926e8444> | 2.71875 | 434 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 41.352768 | 495 |
Experimental Fusion Research
PPPL fusion research centers on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX), which is undergoing a $94 million upgrade that will make it the most powerful experimental fusion facility, or tokamak, of its type in the world when work is completed in 2014. Experiments will test the ability ... | <urn:uuid:64d593c2-67d9-4e90-8ee9-cb440376d58c> | 3.390625 | 330 | About (Org.) | Science & Tech. | 28.784455 | 496 |
Right now, the accelerator is stopped for the annual maintenance shutdown. This is the opportunity to fix all problems that occurred during the past year both on the accelerator and the experiments. The detectors are opened and all accessible malfunctioning equipment is being repaired or replaced.
In the 27-km long LHC... | <urn:uuid:f37ea100-b3b9-472e-bffa-c0ee6d515f58> | 3.328125 | 1,236 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 47.898318 | 497 |
There has been a flurry of recent commentary concerning Amazon drought – some of it good, some of it not so good. The good stuff has revolved around a recently-completed interesting field experiment that was run out of the Woods Hole Research Center (not to be confused with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), wh... | <urn:uuid:34247e22-9bec-4ed3-b5e5-15b6d905fbaf> | 2.8125 | 773 | Personal Blog | Science & Tech. | 38.063333 | 498 |
Extreme Weather Map Shows 3,527 Monthly Weather Records Shattered in 2012
Top Ten States with Greatest Percentage of Locations with Record-Breaking Heat: TN, WI, MN, IL, IN, NV, WV, ME, CO, MD
NEW YORK, Jan. 15, 2013 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — In 2012, there were at least 3,527 monthly weather records for heat, rain and... | <urn:uuid:8887f5a7-30e7-4547-a28b-21b5a9068af8> | 2.578125 | 1,126 | News Article | Science & Tech. | 53.494708 | 499 |