fasttext_score float32 0.02 1 | id stringlengths 47 47 | language stringclasses 1 value | language_score float32 0.65 1 | text stringlengths 49 665k | url stringlengths 13 2.09k | nemo_id stringlengths 18 18 | is_filter_target bool 1 class | word_filter bool 2 classes | word_filter_metadata dict | bert_filter bool 2 classes | bert_filter_metadata dict | combined_filter bool 2 classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.931112 | <urn:uuid:7247f069-51f9-4c5d-ad49-1ad8108516c0> | en | 0.883865 | note Herkum <p>The point of caching the object has two primary uses,</p> <ol> <li>To prevent race conditions.</li> <li>Prevent unnecessary overhead querying the database.</li> </ol> <p>Basically, if I cannot have consistency between the same object in the same script, memory management MAY be an issue, but I have already created a problem where the objects can easily fail the ACID test. Which is where a lot of relational databases get their utility from.</p> 913939 913949 | http://www.perlmonks.org/index.pl?displaytype=xml;node_id=913953 | dclm-gs1-282050002 | false | false | {
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0.06867 | <urn:uuid:9bcd4818-a9ff-44c4-b842-232bca15c3a5> | en | 0.788997 |
Do you know where your variables are?
Comment on
Hi Monks,
I am currently getting a list of files from a directory hiearchy with this script which works great (user name and full name get appended at end of file path):
use File::Find; use File::stat; my $dir = "path/to/directory"; find ( {' wanted' => sub { my $file = $File::Find::name; ($n, $p, $uig, $gid, $dq, $c, $fn, $d, $s) = getpwuid (stat($file)-> uid); if (-f && (/^[^.]/) ) { print $file.":".$n.":".$fn; } }, 'preprocess' => sub { @_ = map { $_->[0] } sort { $a->[1] cmp $b->[1] || $a->[2] <=> $b->[2] } map { m/(\d+)(\.[^.]+$)/ ? [$_, $2.$`,int($1)] : [$_, "", ""] } @_; @_ = grep (/^[^\.]/, @_) } } ,$dir);'
The thing is that most of the files are file sequences like this:
image_sequenceA.1.tif image_sequenceA.2.tif image_sequenceA.3.tif image_sequenceB.40.tif image_sequenceB.41.tif image_sequenceB.42.tif
So I would love to be able to filter the results to only get one entry per sequence like this:
image_sequenceA.[1-3].tif image_sequenceB.[40-42].tif
Please note that the sequences dont have padded numbers but I am already solving that with the map and sort above so now I just need to only print the unique sequences.
Actually since I am getting the full path and also attaching the user the output should ultimately look like this:
path/to/directory/image_sequenceA.[1-3].tif:bob:Bob User path/to/directory/image_sequenceB.[40-42].tif:frank:Frank User
In reply to Detect file sequences in File:Find results by aes1972
and: <code> code here </code>
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Results (377 votes), past polls | http://www.perlmonks.org/index.pl?parent=1014360;node_id=3333 | dclm-gs1-282060002 | false | false | {
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0.170175 | <urn:uuid:16d90c7d-84d1-4cdc-bf56-79a3d9e6c4f4> | en | 0.910885 |
Perri Kitzman
Perri Kitzman • 1 year ago
this would be perfect to have in your purse, for whenever you cant find an outlet and your phone is about to die, like on the train, at the bar. etc. | http://www.pinterest.com/pin/55732114109567150/ | dclm-gs1-282080002 | false | false | {
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0.191032 | <urn:uuid:92eabff5-822d-409e-8247-cd7a73d93ef2> | en | 0.871453 | (1711 - 1765 / Russia)
What do you think this poem is about?
An Ode in Blessed Memory
A sudden bliss has seized my mind,
And to a mountain peak it carries me
Up where the wind's forgotten how to stir the trees;
The deepest valley lies in silence.
Perceiving something, quiet goes the brook
That used to babble without cease
When rushing swiftly down the hill.
There, they are braiding laurel wreaths
And word is spread to every side;
Smoke curls up from the fields afar.
Do I see Pindus down below me?
I hear the pristine sisters' songs!
With flame Permessian I burn,
I strive in haste toward their visage.
They've given me the healing water:
Drink, and forget your every toil;
Rinse out your eyes with dew Castalian.
Beyond steppes and mountains cast your gaze,
Direct your soul toward those lands
Where morning breaks upon dark night.
Just like a ship 'midst raving waves
That threaten to engulf it,
Severs their frothing caps,
And clings steadfastly to its course
Amidst the raging silver foam,
Its wake ablaze across the deep:
Thus did the hordes of Tatars haste
Around to meet the Russian force;
Cavalry steam obscures the sky!
What happens then? They're felled at once.
Love for the Fatherland empowers
The souls and hands of Russian sons;
They each desire to spill their blood,
They draw their strength from sounds of war.
How does the mighty lion scare
A wolf pack baring poison teeth
Showing ferocious, gleaming eyes?
His roaring quakes the woods and shore,
His tail churns up the dust and sand,
Uncoiling mightily, he strikes.
Is it bronze thunder in Mount Etna's breast,
That bubbles in a sulfurous brew?
Or is it Hades shattering his chains,
And throwing wide his gaping jaws?
It is the nation of an outcast slave
Igniting a high castle's moat,
Raining down steel and flame upon the valley
Where our well-chosen warriors,
Ringed all around by swamps and foes,
Storm the swift current into fire.
O, hide your forces, Istanbul,
In mountains, where the fiery sky
Belches out ashes, flames and death;
Beyond where Tigris scours its banks.
But in this world there is no barrier
That could curtail the eagles' flight.
They stop for naught: not waters, forests,
Hills, torrents or the wildest steppes.
The eagle legions can attain
Heights that are scaled by wind alone.
Let earth, like Pontus, heave and breathe,
Let all the world's expanses groan,
Let blackest smoke obscure the light
Moldavan peaks be drenched in blood;
But none of this can hinder you,
O Rus', for fate herself protects you
In blessed Anna's name.
And now your ardent zeal for Her
Carries you swift through Tatar ranks,
Cutting wide swathes for you to pass.
The day conceals its rays amidst the waves,
And leaves the fight to burn against night;
The Tatar prince has perished in the dark;
The Tatars loose both light and hope.
A wolf steals from the deepest woods
Toward the pallid Turkish corpse.
Then someone watching his last sunset,
Cries out, "O, veil this crimson scene,
And cover up Muhammad's shame!
Sink like the sun into the sea!"
Why is my soul thus seized by fear?
My blood runs cold, my heart laments!
What sudden clamour strikes my ear?
The woods and desert wind are howling!
Fierce beasts are hiding in a cave,
The door of heaven opens wide,
Above the army, stormclouds part -
Then all at once the Hero enters,
His face aflame, he routs the foe
With blood-washed sword.
Is it not he, who razed the fortress
That threatened Rus' beside the flowing Don?
Is it not he who struck the Persians down
Amidst the thirsting reaches of the steppe?
Just such a gaze he cast upon his foes
When he debarked on Gothic shores,
Just such a mighty hand he raised,
And his steed galloped just as swift
When now his legions trampled the plains
That lie before the dawning day.
All round him from the clouds above
Rain thunderbolts and lightning,
And sensing Peter's forces nigh
The woodlands and fields lie trembling.
Who joins his fierce gaze to the south,
All cloaked in terrifying thunder?
It must be he the victor at Kazan,
Who by the Caspian's banks
Did overthrow the proud Selim -
And strew the steppe with Pagan heads.
One hero speaks now to the other:
"We did not toil in vain,
Nor were our exploits futile:
For now the world's in awe of Rus'.
Our work has broadened our frontiers
To north, to west and to the east.
And in the south, our Anna celebrates,
Bestows this triumph on her people."
Now darkness closes round our heroes -
Conceals them from our eyes and ears.
The river swirls with Tatar blood
That's spilled among the warriors.
And fearing battle to rejoin,
The foe escapes across the barren land,
Abandons sword, encampment, shame,
They paint a ghastly sight while running
Through their slain brothers blood.
Even the slightest trembling leaf
Strikes fear into their hearts now
Like screaming cannonballs.
The woods and vales sing out with springs
"O, victory to Rus'! O, victory!"
The foe now fleeing Russian swords
Is terrified by of his own steps.
Then, seeing her own men in flight,
The moon, ashamed of their disgrace,
Doth blush and hide her face in gloom.
And glory flies in dark of night,
With trumpets to all lands to herald
The terrifying might of Rus'.
Submitted: Thursday, January 01, 2004
Read poems about / on: hero, wind, dark, memory, ode, fear, sunset, running, sky, world, night, strength, silver, river, fate, war, silence, light, work, rain
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[Hata Bildir] | http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/an-ode-in-blessed-memory/ | dclm-gs1-282100002 | false | false | {
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0.126514 | <urn:uuid:1688fe10-a5a5-44c9-906f-53c6a5652e69> | en | 0.95953 | tradition in a sentence
Example sentences for tradition
For countless families worldwide, cookies define holiday tradition.
Because water is a precious resource, using it respectfully in the garden is a tradition.
Neither our tradition, nor any tradition, has ever banned all piracy.
So it's following in a tradition stretching back to the steppe.
Stretched budgets and anticipation of record enrollments spark effort to return to tradition.
The students have a longstanding tradition of playing a prank on the dean at the annual commencement exercise.
And some colleges have a tradition of buying software in bulk for students.
Others experience religious struggle because of conflicting ideas with their religious tradition or their family.
Throughout history people have prized cocoa-the defining ingredient of chocolate-a tradition that endures in our modern era.
To not offend they supergroup of behaviors can be called tradition.
It's a long-standing tradition to take care of problems elsewhere when it is in the common interest to do so.
The academic machine is well grounded in history, tradition, and mathematical logic.
At the same time, it has unique resources, including wind and sea and a tradition of cooperatives.
He was obsessed with tradition and obsessed with overturning it.
But these farmers have made a lifestyle choice to keep tradition alive and to live high in the mountains.
Sharing the catch of the day was a weekend tradition, bringing folks together that had never met.
They've been a tradition across the world for thousands of years as a form of storytelling.
It is part of the business of the critic to preserve tradition-where a good tradition exists.
So, the fairy tale attained print, and tradition became literature.
With these is another tradition borne out by his writing.
Reason was to be freed from authority, tradition, and pedantry.
But the influence of the older tradition of restraint proved too strong.
It was this tradition, not new but novel, which evolved into the present naturalistic method of acting.
So, the tradition of marriage pre-dates governments and religion.
The business school has a long tradition of internationalism and pluralism.
But it will retain the tradition of strong autonomy for local managers.
In any event, no tradition of religious persecution ever took root.
Other family members are said to have kept up the tradition.
There also has been a long tradition of discussing social progress and the lack of it.
There's a long tradition of the interfaces envisioned in movies becoming research projects in real life.
The small size and controllability of this device makes it much more useful than tradition blast tubes, they say.
Even if church choirs aren't usually your cup of tea, this time of year is perfect for exploring such a rich tradition.
Until recently, though, it didn't have many restaurants that exalted true regional food and tradition.
The second step in the pasta-making process is where technology trumps tradition.
Combining them, according to tradition, results in the perfect marriage.
There is nothing that belongs to the cooking tradition of his country that he cannot realize-and with exquisite finesse.
He played within a tradition that's usually called free jazz, and it's worth noting that it is-and already was-a tradition.
Many of the townspeople continued the tradition of farming with the aid of migrant workers, who lived in ramshackle huts.
Their unprecedented diversity and etched patterns provide some of the best evidence yet for a prehistoric artistic tradition.
The concept of implicit memory has a rich, if little-known, tradition.
So the people who would seek confirmation would often have a tradition of descent from the great sage himself.
Watching this election campaign, one wonders what has happened to that tradition.
It is our tradition that research findings must be made public and replicable.
He transgressed the borderlines of convention but he felt emotionally bound to tradition.
It even had a tradition of handing out environmental awards.
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Copyright © 2013 Dictionary.com, LLC. All rights reserved. | http://www.reference.com/example-sentences/tradition | dclm-gs1-282170002 | false | false | {
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0.08774 | <urn:uuid:dbd6efd8-ee30-4900-b4fc-4ae12e49bc8f> | en | 0.977393 | • Rated 4 stars
Four wonderful tales are compiled into this easy to read chapter book. Horrid Henry has a diabolical plan to scare everyone and when they see his monster movie, people will tremble in fear. Then Henry is off to visit his aunt and his cousin Steve who always gives Henry grief where Henry manages to break a bunk bed. When Henry becomes horridly grumpy, and needs a free pass, he conspires to get one with all of his might. Then at last, Henry decides that he can eat faster than anyone and tries to convince the school that eating should be an Olympic event. The events Henry supports are nothing that the school would ever endorse. The stories are full of humor and told with wit and charm, letting the kids who read about Henry feel a bit naughty themselves. This should please even the most reluctant male reader.
MaryinHB wrote this review Saturday, November 3, 2012.
Was this review helpful? Yes | No | http://www.shelfari.com/books/28731433/Horrid-Henrys-Monster-Movie/reviews/3819860 | dclm-gs1-282200002 | false | false | {
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0.140413 | <urn:uuid:1333fca0-f342-4b4a-a184-75bd30f1600c> | en | 0.948697 | Curate (characters)
This character appears in 1 book.
1. The War of the Worlds
by H. G. Wells
Curate: A character who is meant to represent the average religious person who follows the narrator for a while
Do you know another book that mentions this character?
To add a book to this page, search for it and add “Curate” to its characters section. | http://www.shelfari.com/characters/Curate | dclm-gs1-282210002 | false | false | {
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0.034716 | <urn:uuid:5fa3752d-faf4-4898-b30b-fa543b5ba9c5> | en | 0.899146 | How accurate is the science in Gravity?
Hayden Walles For every raving fan of Gravity, there was a pedant quick to pick holes in the plot line.
Cold comfort in Antarctica at Casey station
Photo: Colin Cosier
Thursday 12 December 2013
Comments 6
China's 'Jade Rabbit' rover lands on moon
The Chang'e-3 moon lander, taken by the camera on the 'Yutu' (Jade Rabbit) moon rover in the area known as Sinus Iridum (Bay of Rainbows), on Sunday.
China landed an unmanned rover on the moon, making the Asian nation the third country after the US and the Soviet Union to touch down a spacecraft on the lunar surface.
Iran brings monkey back safely from space: report
A man carries a monkey named Fargam, or Auspicious, during a mission to send it into space.
Iran says it has safely returned a monkey to Earth after blasting it into space in the second such launch this year in its controversial ballistic program.
Australian scientists grow mini-kidney in lab
The kidney in a petri dish
Lydia Hales A mini-kidney has been grown in an Australian laboratory from what were originally skin cells, boosting hopes for the future treatment of kidney disease.
Comments 5
China's Jade Rabbit rover sends photos from moon
A photo of China's Jade Rabbit moon rover taken by the Chang'e-3 probe lander on December 15, 2013. Jade Rabbit has sent back photos from the moon after the first lunar soft landing in nearly four decades.
China's Jade Rabbit rover vehicle has sent back photos from the moon after the first lunar soft landing in nearly four decades marked a huge advance in the country's ambitious space program.
'It's game-changing': 200km-high geysers seen on Jupiter's moon Europa
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Connor Johnson, 6, petitions White House to save NASA programs
Amanda Hoh Connor Johnson has wanted to be an astronaut since he was three.
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Why vitamins are essential to life: unravelling an ancient truth
Carl Zimmer From the beginnings of life roughly four billion years ago, they have played a central, necessary role. In fact, early life forms used to be veritable vitamin factories.
Why Aussie scientists' scramjet was not a failure
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Russell Boyce Earlier this year, Queensland scientists launched a $14 million scramjet in Norway that didn't reach the conditions required to collect data as planned.
Comments 34
Taking photos interferes with memory: study
Sarah Knapton The modern obsession with photographing every detail of happy occasions such as birthdays or weddings could be damaging our ability to remember them, according to US research.
Ancient Mars lake may have supported life: NASA
This illustration released December 9, 2013 by NASA depicts a concept for the possible extent of an ancient lake inside Gale Crater.
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Envisioning a robotic future, Google puts its cash to work
Andy Rubin, the engineer heading Google's robotic effort and the man who built the Android software for smartphones.
John Markoff Google quietly acquires seven tech companies in an effort to create a new generation of robots. | http://www.smh.com.au/technology/Topics | dclm-gs1-282260002 | false | true | {
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0.951959 | <urn:uuid:1a283ba7-94b3-4014-98e2-6b6a24f0e526> | en | 0.95439 | Reply to a comment
Reply to this comment
NativeZach85 writes:
I grew up playing on Wildcat and turned out just fine... but now it's "unsafe" and has to be replaced by a soulless plastic thing, so the precious snowflakes and their helicopter parents can't sue the school district into oblivion, in case a child scratches his/her knee. What a travesty. Here's an idea: why don't we wrap each child in foam rubber and bubble wrap every time they go outside? And don't forget your child's filter mask, we wouldn't want them to catch swine flu!
| http://www.tcpalm.com/comments/reply/?target=61:300495&comment=400344 | dclm-gs1-282380002 | false | false | {
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0.018386 | <urn:uuid:89caa438-83b5-4722-8f0d-ea819f2d3148> | en | 0.967145 | Waves washing forward from pier inspire youthful surfing enthusiasts
Jupiter's Giorgio Gomez, 15, eyes his competition just minutes before his quarter final heat.
Photo by Justin Beard
There's something in the water at the Juno Beach Park Pier and it's helping young surfers perform at a ridiculously high level.
"The pier has turned into a great wave that's helped create a tight vibe in Juno Beach," said Charles Williams, an East Coast surfing legend and shaper of Impact Surfboards.
"When it breaks good, it's world-class because the left seems to go on forever and the right breaks toward the pier where it can create a hollow tube.
"It's so good that it attracts a lot of professional surfers who the local kids have been able to learn so much from."
A hotbed of talent and high-quality waves is exactly why the Jupiter Fall Classic was moved to the Juno Beach Park Pier and it's given many young surfers the perfect opportunity to learn from some of the best surfers in the business while at the same time competing against them.
Up and coming surfers like Jupiter's Giorgio Gomez, a 15-year-old phenom who competed in the Jupiter Fall Classic, use the opportunity to soak up as much surfing knowledge as possible.
"The advice my son Giorgio gets from the pros is priceless and it gives him the confidence he needs to compete in big contests like this," Brandi Brady said. "They're always great with the kids as far as mentoring them and they're always encouraging them to get better."
Being able to compete against professional surfers in such an outstanding surfing arena like the Jupiter Fall Classic also attracts young surfers from all over like Stuart's Patrick Kelly, a 17-year-old longboard prodigy.
"I've competed in some big contests like the Eastern Surfing Association Eastern Championships, but is pretty much my first professional contest," Kelly said. "These guys I'm competing against this weekend are some of the best from the East Coast and California.
"The conditions have forced me to do less old school surfing like walking the board and to do more new school stuff like cutbacks and turns."
Being able to adapt the weekend's windy conditions forced younger competitors like Gomez and Kelly to surf a bit differently than they're used to, but they were still able to advance into the latter rounds of the contest.
"These kids are really carrying the torch," Williams said. "Being able to see them surf and keep getting better has been great.
"We're going to see a lot of talented surfers coming out of this area in the future."
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0.019882 | <urn:uuid:699a0859-21bc-4194-a2b2-0faf07efb795> | en | 0.924974 |
The backlight behind the 0.65-inch DLP chip takes the form of a blue laser. There's also a separate red LED light source, plus a filter that's used with the blue laser and some careful timing to reproduce the green element of the picture. LEDs and lasers respond to switching much faster than halogen bulbs and so there's no need for that annoyingly noisy colour wheel.
Another advantage of Casio's 'hybrid' approach is that a 20,000 hour life can be claimed for the lighting, versus the 3-4,000 hours quoted for the average projector lamp. And Casio's backlighting does have the benefit of running cooler, which should improve reliability.
There is a small fan, but although it's quieter than usual in the brightness-reducing 'eco' modes, it screams very loudly indeed when they're not used.
The XJ-A235 does deliver a bright picture – our Tech Labs measured it at 18.8fL, although the 1800:1 contrast ratio isn't too exciting.
Casio xj-a235
And if you're used to the comprehensive socketry of large purpose-designed home cinema PJs, be prepared for a shock. The lack of rear-panel space dashes any hopes of flexible connections. Alongside the HDMI port, you get a 15-pin D-Sub terminal for the analogue VGA outputs of PCs and a 3.5mm socket that will accept stereo audio and composite video with a supplied cable (no component, hi-def or otherwise).
As with a lot of small form projectors, a speaker is built in. It's mono, and tiny, and sounds like an ant trying to clear its throat.
The XJ-A235 is quick to start and reasonably easy to install. It can be ceiling or desktop-mounted and caters for front and rear-projection. The 2x zoom and focusing can be controlled via the compact handset or a top-mounted collection of buttons. There's an auto-keystone (electronic, rather than optical) feature, too.
To align the picture with the screen when the unit is desktop-mounted, one of the feet is screw-adjustable, while the front foot can be raised or lowered, albeit rather coarsely.
Menus cover the essential picture tweaks, but nothing more. Annoyingly, they fill a significant portion of the screen and are not translucent. As a result, it's difficult to see the effects of any adjustment.
LCD throwback
Even in the lowest power 'eco 2' mode, the picture brightness is ample for a darkened room.
However, the very dark greys that pass for blacks are redolent of those LCD projectors of yesteryear. Flesh tones are not particularly natural, either, their presentation tending towards the pallid. Reproduction of deep blue also fares disappointingly, and so it would appear that Casio's innovative light source is affecting the colour gamut.
Even by the standards of a 720p projector resolution is lacklustre. The result is that the finer details of pristine Blu-ray transfers are masked somewhat. Take, for example, the starry exterior shots of Moon. No longer is the spacescape comprised of pinpricks of distant light against an inky blackness. Instead, all but the most prominent blur into uniformity.
To give another example, I thought the Boston skylines on the Edge of Darkness Blu-ray were rendered with little better than DVD clarity.
DLP's rainbow effect can be quite intrusive, too, especially with black and white material. Yet some vestiges of cinematic presentation are retained.
Casio xj-a235
This may be a small machine, but it's capable of visuals on an impressive scale provided your room is big enough; the three-step light source enables you to adequately balance brightness, fan noise and power economy.
The picture processing may be unspecified, but motion is conveyed in a very filmic way. Auto-iris 'pumping' is mercifully absent, too.
For the boardroom or classroom, where a projector may be in constant use, Casio's XJ-A235 might fit the bill on account of its low running costs. Fed from a PC, the lacklustre picture fidelity won't be that troublesome. But even for just plug-and-play gaming and home cinema applications, the XJ-A235 just doesn't cut the mustard.
Follow TechRadar Reviews on Twitter: | http://www.techradar.com/reviews/audio-visual/projectors/casio-xj-a235-925904/review | dclm-gs1-282400002 | false | false | {
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0.046576 | <urn:uuid:64def9e0-6c02-4534-8c67-e7745ab01516> | en | 0.987597 | Jones, McNeill share Puerto Rico Open lead
RIO GRANDE, Puerto Rico (AP) -- Matt Jones and George McNeill topped the leaderboard at 6-under 66 in strong wind Thursday in the PGA Tour's Puerto Rico Open.
The Australian eagled the par-5 second hole and had five birdies and a bogey on the Trump International course.
"I had unbelievable ball-striking," Jones said. "I think I was pin high every hole except 17, when I wanted to be a bit short of it, then I made good putts, had a good eagle to get started and had a great day."
"It's just like Florida, so it felt comfortable, and I happened to play well," McNeill said. "Obviously, I hit it pretty well and putted pretty well, and the few greens that I missed, I chipped then close and had tap-ins and everything else, so I avoided the mistakes."
Ben Curtis was a stroke back at 67.
"With the windy conditions, the big thing is to keep the ball in play, keep it in the fairway and hit a lot of greens and that's what I did," Crane said. "I just tried to make a lot of controlled swings and hit the ball solid and get it going in the right direction."
"It was hard," Overton said. "A lot of wind."
"The wind was howling off the right, and I started 25 yards right of the hole, and I hit a draw and I thinned it just a little bit, which kept the ball down, otherwise I think the ball would have overhooked and went in the bunker," Overton said. "I really was just hoping it was going to be somewhat close, and the thing came down and just one-hopped in the hole. I didn't know it went in, because you couldn't see it."
| http://www.the-review.com/ap%20sports/2012/03/08/jones-mcneill-share-puerto-rico-open-lead | dclm-gs1-282480002 | false | false | {
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0.026758 | <urn:uuid:55dd5207-e515-4d98-b059-cb07fe823149> | en | 0.96796 | Face to faith
Evangelicals, beginning to voice concern for God's earth, are critical to the US elections, says James Jones
• The Guardian,
• Jump to comments ()
If a week is a long time in politics, three months is an eternity. When I was in America in November everyone was preparing for Bill Clinton to be the first lady. Barack Obama was just an interesting political novelty; Hillary would be the first first lady to become president. On the Republican side the frontrunners were Rudy Giuliani and Mitt Romney. Now everything has changed. The primaries have sent tremors through the political establishment.
Super Tuesday comes like the ides of March, sealing the fate of many of the candidates. Falling the day before Ash Wednesday that marks the beginning of Jesus' sojourn in the desert, these primaries will dispatch a number of failed messiahs into the political wilderness.
I was in Orlando and got a ticket for the Republican convention, where all nine candidates for the GOP nomination appeared before a frenzied audience of thousands. Broadcast live by Fox TV, the nervous nine stood at miniature podiums as if on a set for The Weakest Link. The strongest links, judging by the attention of the media and the order of questioning, were Giuliani and Romney. In the 90 minutes of interrogating the possible leaders of the most powerful nation on earth there was not one question about climate change.
This was particularly strange, because the Republican governor of Florida has put climate change at the top of his political agenda. Florida has even signed a special agreement with the UK on climate change. It's another example of how there is much more being done to reduce carbon emissions at state level than by the federal government. Many Republicans remain sceptical about the causes of global warming. Fuelled by the interests of the oil and car industries, the Cheney/Bush administration has its foot firmly on the brake.
The Climate Security Act going through Congress and the Bali negotiations bear witness to the resistance. The problem is that many Americans still dismiss the sustainability agenda as bad science, bad religion, bad for business and bad for America. Their fear is that if you factor in the environmental costs you'll price America out of the market and export their jobs and factories to India and China. Or that the environmental agenda will be the trojan horse that will bring socialism to America and the country to its knees.
One of the ways to the American heart is to appeal to their entrepreneurial spirit and show what a fortune there is to be made from renewables. But the conservative mind is shaped also by religion. It's an oversimplification, but if you think the earth is going to end up in a ball of flames then you might as well milk it for all its worth. Couple this with the belief that creation is there for mankind to enjoy and you can understand how some could, with good conscience, resist the Kyoto protocol.
But the landscape is changing. Many leading evangelicals have begun to voice concern. Caring for God's creation is becoming a political issue, especially among younger evangelicals.
In Orlando I took part in a seminar on faith and the environment. The host was Joel Hunter, pastor of a mega-church. It holds 3,500 and they fill it five times on a Sunday. There, defying all prejudice, were the local Catholic bishop, imam and rabbi discovering common ground from their sacred texts about caring for God's earth.
Evangelicals make up one of the largest voting blocs in the electorate and the Democrats know that they have to get a sizable slice of it if they're to make it to the White House. All the Democratic candidates have signed up to the climate change agenda. Significantly, it is Mike Huckabee, the surprise candidate among the Republicans, who's the first to register his interest in this issue.
On Super Tuesday when the voters go to the polls they'll be sending some of the candidates into the political wilderness. However, it is the outcome of the election in November which will determine whether planet Earth will join them in the desert.
· The Rt Rev James Jones is the Bishop of Liverpool
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Today in pictures | http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/feb/02/uselections2008.religion | dclm-gs1-282560002 | false | false | {
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0.049017 | <urn:uuid:6c2d13df-9bf0-41a5-9c5e-47812f9910f8> | en | 0.964819 | Brussels battleground for primate research debate
The debate on primate testing rages as a revision to an EC directive regulating animal research makes its way through the EU parliament. Sophie Petit-Zeman reports
Laboratory macques monkeys
Laboratory macques monkeys, used in testing for medical research. Photograph: RDS/Wellcome Trust
"After 15 minutes the 'doctor' said, with no trace of a smile, 'About six generations ago you had syphilis in your family, you have worms in your brain and your tremor occurs when the worms fart'. I was so relieved to be diagnosed with something other than stress that I accepted this without a second thought. It was only later I began to have doubts. Farting worms in my brain seemed so implausible."
Many doctors and four years later, Mike Robins' progressively severe tremor was diagnosed as Parkinson's disease (PD). While hospitalised for an emergency appendectomy in Shanghai, he became friends with a neurologist, teaching her English as he recovered, and she realised what was wrong.
Back in the UK, Robins was referred to Tipu Aziz, an Oxford neurosurgeon, who offered a technique he had pioneered called deep brain stimulation (DBS). This alleviates PD symptoms by implanting electrodes into the brain, powered by a "pacemaker" in the chest. Aziz claims to have used about 30 monkeys over 20 years to develop this work and related techniques, and believes 40,000 people worldwide have benefited.
Robins says DBS has revolutionised his life, a certainty that took him recently to Brussels to make an impassioned plea to MEPs wrangling about the importance of research involving primates.
Probably the most controversial area within the highly charged debate surrounding the use of animals in medical research, testing on primates is rising up the agenda as Directive 86/609/EC, which sets out how animal research is regulated, grinds its way slowly through EU parliamentary revision.
While the scientific establishment has repeatedly concluded that primate work remains invaluable to medical progress, most recently with the so-called "Weatherall Report" (after Sir David Weatherall, the doctor who chaired it) into "The use of non-human primates in research", some MEPs and campaigners are calling for a ban on primate research to be enshrined in the revised directive.
Indeed, 433 MEPs - a record number on an animal protection measure – signed a written declaration championed by Animal Defenders International (ADI), a UK-based animal welfare group calling, in part, for a timetable to be established for totally replacing primates in scientific experiments.
While this number of signatories (over half of all MEPs) led to the declaration being "adopted" last September, whether a majority of MEPs would vote to ban primate research remains unclear and it is believed any such proposal would be resisted by the European Commission and Council, both of which, together with the Parliament, would need to support a ban.
Energetic lobbying from both sides of the debate is under way, and there is certain amount of confusion. Many MEPs have supposedly signed this declaration, but are also calling for more research into cancer, AIDS and other diseases, for which primate research is fundamental.
But even for those who can accept the use of animals in medical research (opinion polls show that most of us do) primate work presents extra challenges.
The RSPCA, which has a division focusing exclusively on research animals, calls primate research "a matter of extreme concern". Its arguments against it are compelling, centring on the well-accepted fact that primates are highly intelligent, social animals, biologically very close to humans and able to experience a range of emotions, from anxiety, fear and distress to interest, happiness and excitement.
While great apes, considered to be at the top of this tree of sentience and experience, are not used in medical research in the EU, there is little doubt that any work involving creatures that are so like us stretches the limits of the "cost benefit" analysis that is part of every licence granted for research on any animal.
Put crudely, the cost (suffering) to the animal is weighed against the probable benefits to us. Neither of these variables can, of course, be measured with certainty, and while some argue that it is the similarity of non-human primates to us that makes them such good research models, others cite precisely this, and their ability to suffer much like us, that makes their use unacceptable.
Simon Festing, executive director of the Research Defence Society, a lobby group whose main focus is defending the use of animals in research, has been putting the case for primate research, in Brussels.
While he understands the "reasoned argument" against primate research based on their higher sentience, he fundamentally backs it because, he says: "I see compassion as an individual thing and can't support the phase out of the very small number of primates used in research up against the suffering of the very large numbers of people affected by, or who will be affected by, the devastating range of conditions that primate research tackles."
It's certainly a tough call, but when Robins switches off his brain stimulator, the PD tremors that rack his body are so severe you can see why it was impossible for his wife and children to stay long in a room with him.
You can also see why he went to Brussels.
· Sophie Petit Zeman is head of external relations for the Association of Medical Research Charities
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0.07382 | <urn:uuid:9665820e-4c45-4de8-a98f-929e3758ed69> | en | 0.97104 | While few would deny the rise of MMA has renewed interest in competitive amateur wrestling, some at the top of the American wrestling food chain are worried the better wrestlers may supplant an Olympic career for one of riches and fame.
"It's almost catastrophic to the development of wrestlers in our country," said Brands, who spent several years as national resident coach at the U.S. Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colo. "It hurts, it hurts our country."
Brands and Gable don't have a major problem with the MMA. They just want to see America's best wrestlers represent their country before worrying about their wallets.
But not every wrestler is going to make it to the Olympics, There are only 7 spots every four years.
MMA and UFC combine a variety of fighting techniques, including wrestling, boxing and several martial-art forms. Some of the top attractions in the sport have wrestling backgrounds, including Randy Couture and Brock Lesnar. Couture and Lesnar recently fought at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas Lesnar, a 2000 NCAA champion for Minnesota, won Couture, an NCAA runner-up in 1991 for Oklahoma State, earned both these guys were paid millions for their efforts.
By contrast, 2008 Olympic gold medalist Henry Cejudo made about $85,000 last year, not bad but this was the best wrestler in the world.
"The MMA offers an opportunity for people to make some money," Gable said. "I'm not against it. I'm not a real big fan. We just don't want to lose top wrestlers to the MMA."
Although opportunities like the MMA and UFC were not available when Brands' competitive career ended, he said he was more interested in beating Russians and striving for gold medals than big paychecks.Why?
Gable, Brands and USA Wrestling have nothing to worry about. Paydays like the Lesnar-Couture show are not the norm for beginning fighters. It takes years to make serious money in MMA. So what most wrestlers and MMA athletes aren?t doing this for a payday but rather to have fun and compete?
To each his own and one could have an endless debate about which is more meaningful, although most would say Olympic achievements are paramount. Still, it's an open question and I'm not certain there's truly a correct answer.
But that's neither here nor there. The central issue is whether MMA hurts wrestling? No way, it just gives wrestlers more opportunities. Chasing of wrestling glory and MMA success are not mutually exclusive. While both could be sought after simultaneously, efforts in either endeavor can be temporarily post-poned to focus on the other sport. MMA athletes and wrestler can take time away from either at different seasons and one sport will help the other it?s a matter of mat time and more experience.
n fairness to Gable and Brands, I do not dispute that MMA will at some point intervene in the aims and career trajectory of elite wrestlers that have heretofore carried the torch for American wrestling, But their claims that MMA is somehow catastrophic to wrestling's higher end are grossly exaggerated.
But what does all this have to do with kids or adults having fun training in MMA? Nothing, MMA teaches all the same great principals as wrestling and allows kids to broaden their martial arts knowledge and have fun doing it. Give it a try. | http://www.thewrestlingtalk.com/mma-ufc-and-boxing/21152-m-m-a-vs-amateur-wrestling.html?mode=threaded | dclm-gs1-282720002 | false | false | {
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0.078642 | <urn:uuid:fee9571f-167f-4be5-9350-901c6d4a5991> | en | 0.942818 | You sound like one of the detractors arguing against the building of the NCRR in the 1830's. Well, they built it, and it flourished for a century plus.
I-83 did not really enter the picture until the 1960's and 70's and less than 50 years later, it clogs to a standstill, repeatedly, during heavy use hours.
Cheap and plentyful gas made the difference in the old days. Those days are numbered. Commuter service BETTER happen in our lifetime, because cars and trucks running on cheap gas will not last. You can argue to drill ANWAR and drill off shore and those are still, short-term, short-sighted solutions that will only delay the Future in a country that once prided itself on looking well into it.
We need atlernative ways of dealing with problems NOW. Moreover, the "solutions" suggested in your last paragraph are right out of a 1970's playbook for suburban development. That model is dead too.
So to use the old phrase, "Lead, follow, or get out of the way." Your thinking just mires the path to a better America. | http://www.topix.com/forum/city/etters-pa/TSEJMCC6IQQ046NUV | dclm-gs1-282780002 | false | false | {
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0.581528 | <urn:uuid:28a62565-c33e-42e3-9484-89be67b0f1cf> | en | 0.992171 | I can't vote for Angie Carpenter. She runs the treasurers office and it has taken 9 months for her office to process my re tax refund. The office says they run 6-9 months behind which probably means more. If she doesn't have a department running well how does she propose running the whole county. Appointments like the one she received is a thank you at the end of you public sevice, what makes her think she is a viable candidate. | http://www.topix.com/forum/city/huntington-ny/TV5V2OQ4DEVF214FG | dclm-gs1-282790002 | false | false | {
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0.932475 | <urn:uuid:197386d5-1495-4029-a8a8-4520cc15d095> | en | 0.973077 | I live in New Jersey and heard about Pearl High school not letting Leah Lott bring her date (a U.S Marine) to the school prom do to the fact he is too old. Give me a break MS. this is another reason why your schools in the state will always be sub-par. With everything going on in the world---and you as leaders tell someone they cannot bring there date----whom has already been to Iraq and FOUGHT FOR YOUR FREEDOM. This is a MARINE.....and if he did attend you would see that MARINES are set to a higher standard. That in no-way says other services don't. Mississippi will always be what it is today.....a state that will always be known for lower class living etc. Your leaders in the schools have failed you. See what happens when you give people a leadership position.
USMC Retired | http://www.topix.com/forum/city/pearl-river-ms/TSF734IHNLAR13NG6 | dclm-gs1-282800002 | false | false | {
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0.083282 | <urn:uuid:af300e3c-d36e-45cd-a565-ca7b928c80cb> | en | 0.96723 | These examples of bizarrely scientific skivvies highlight the way in which technology is making its way into consumer's lives in very intimate ways.
From pieces concerned with the health concerns of wearers to others that seek to find a suitable companion, there's no telling what direction underthings might continue to go toward. Whether these innovations are necessary or not is completely debatable, but the comedic and preventative nature of some of these skivvies makes them worthwhile, at least as design concepts.
It's clear that consumers these days expect much more from products, including items that they use daily, so it's no surprise that even the underwear industry has undergone some fairly scientific revamps over the years. | http://www.trendhunter.com/slideshow/bizarrely-scientific-skivvies | dclm-gs1-282840002 | false | false | {
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0.095685 | <urn:uuid:7a44065d-e2c8-4fe2-9b6e-47d444772f21> | en | 0.978162 | CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
Season 13 Episode 15
Forget Me Not
Aired Wednesday 10:00 PM Feb 20, 2013 on CBS
• Trivia
• Goof: When Stokes and Crawford confront Basderic in the parking garage, Stokes takes Basderic's pistol, removes the magazine and hands both to Crawford. Crawford puts the magazine in his pocket and holds the pistol in his hand. When they release Basderic, Crawford inserts the switched magazine with blank rounds into the pistol and hands it back to Basderic.
Later, at his house, Basderic fires three rounds at Sidle. First problem is that when you remove a magazine from an automatic pistol, there is still one live round in the chamber and the first shot would have struck Sidle. Secondly, Basderic fires three quick rounds. Blank cartridges cannot generate the pressure needed to cycle the slide unless the weapon is fitted with a special device.
The first live round would have ejected and activated the slide, but the second blank round would not making it impossible to fire another blank round.
• Quotes
• Sara: I didn't mean to shut you guys out. I didn't tell you about Grissom and me because I didn't believe it myself. You know, we made that dinner reservation together before we split up, and as I sat there alone in the restaurant I honestly expected him to show up.
Nick: I think that we all like the idea of you two being together. And maybe it was because that was our way of-of hanging on to him just a little bit, you know. But if it's over, it's over.
Greg: Hey, you can't sit around waiting forever.
Nick: And you'll always have us.
Greg: Like it or not.
Sara: Thank you. Thank you for not giving up on me.
• Crawford: I know this detective badge may be new, but I've been a cop long enough to know how to read between the lines.
D.B.: That's the difference between what you do and what I do. I don't read between the lines, I stay with the evidence.
• Finn: (at the autopy room) I figured he'd have to be really good-looking to get Sara's interest.
Robbins: Do you mind? You're talking about people we know.
Finn: Are we Team Grissom or are we Team Sara? Which one are we protecting?
Robbins: I see no reason why we can't protect both.
• Morgan: (while taking her blood) Just a warning. It's been a while since I've stuck someone.
Sara: Hodges is the expert.
Morgan: I don't think you want to be around Hodges and a sharp object right now.
Sara: How come? He thinks I cheated on Grissom.
Morgan: Might as well have cheated on God. In Hodges' eyes, you pretty much did.
• Sara: Greg, I never touched him he's setting me up. He set me up at the hotel and he's setting me up now.
Greg: (Plays the video evidence of her confronting Basderic) Why were you even there? Russel tells you to go home and you go to Basderic's workplace.
Sara: I know, I screwed up okay.
Greg: Yeah.
Sara: But I'm telling you that Basderic is the one behind this. Okay, he left Edie's necklace because he wanted me to know that it was him. (Refering to the video) Where's the rest of it?
Greg: That's all there is. There's only the one camera. But Sara, the DA has more than enough to charge you with. You were clearly the aggressor here.
Sara: No, look at that. He knew exactly where to stand for the camera. He lured me to that spot. The only physical contact that I had with Basderic is on that video.
Greg: Then how did he get those injuries?
Sara: Greg, how long have you known me? You know I didn't do this.
• Notes
• Allusions
No results found. | http://www.tv.com/shows/csi-crime-scene-investigation/forget-me-not-2658673/trivia/ | dclm-gs1-282880002 | false | false | {
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0.273693 | <urn:uuid:0195e8d5-404d-42b5-a1f8-339d841cf013> | en | 0.934733 | Mark Sloan had you naked within an hour of his arrival. Now, what does that say to you?
I said put something on top of it. Don't put something on me!
Addison: When did we get so...
Mark: OLD!
Addison: I was gonna say "sad."
Cooper: She's crazy cakes!
Violet: That's your diagnosis?
Cooper: Crazy cakes!
Mark: What are you laughing at?
Pete: Nothing. Saving the world one boob job at a time?
Dude, you are not sticking those needles in me.
Addison: Everything's going to be okay.
Maya: It's not gonna be okay.
Sheldon: Where's Lucas?
Violet: I gave Lucas to Pete.
Sheldon: Gave to Pete to watch? Gave to Pete to babysit?
Violet: To live.
Displaying quotes 19 - 27 of 41 in total | http://www.tvfanatic.com/quotes/shows/private-practice/season-3/page-3.html | dclm-gs1-282890002 | false | false | {
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0.176671 | <urn:uuid:a2fa4887-08cd-432b-9154-38b69dbe3c78> | en | 0.949088 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like troweling:
1 definition by DrG152
some associate it with Jersey Shore's Angelina, thus making Angelina mean a "huge stluddy bitch", but there is one out there who has the definition of "a beautiful hardass working woman who can simultaneously do your taxes while kicking some punks ass; also a future Olympic star" with the synonym of Angelina being "Into the Wild", the etimology of which being that Angelina smells amazing. The definition could go on to sing more praises, but due to the constraints of this dictionary, we'll keep it short
"Hey Angelina, could you help me with my mortage bond investments?"
"Certainly, lemme just finish jacking up this dbag on the rugby field, meet you in 10"
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look up any word, like poopsock:
1 definition by HowardDavies
When a female is performing fellatio, and uses her teeth to firmly 'plow' the surface of the erect penile shaft, inducing pain. Can be intentional or unintentional.
He was being a total ungrateful dick, so she showed him with a plowjob he wouldn't soon forget.
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0.166269 | <urn:uuid:cf59f90f-c765-4b06-9174-19e792cd8677> | en | 0.87194 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like cenosillicaphobia:
1 definition by L!TTL3 M!$$ $UN$H!N3
the act of being so bored that you go to, click random, and then read different entries until you have something better to do.
Person 1: so today i was urbandictionarying on random because i was so bored.
Person 2: Sweet A.
urban dictionary random bored funny
by L!TTL3 M!$$ $UN$H!N3 August 02, 2008 add a video add an image
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0.970464 | <urn:uuid:2fbd3b0d-c4a1-4fc8-8099-63345c6be939> | en | 0.909434 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like bitchy resting face:
1 definition by Orbic
1. To crap
2. Creatively obfuscate feces in a public fashion
3. To sit on a person's head, fart, and intentionally follow through
1) I dominated a shit on you.
2a) I dominated that bench
2b) You totally dominated that skate ramp (not to be confused with dominated, adj. to mean did well)
3) I can't believe you fucking dominated my head.
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0.850734 | <urn:uuid:f8d0545f-a4ba-4213-962e-559d43b420ca> | en | 0.844848 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like morning hitler:
1 definition by THE BACON M4N
A small break or pause when someone sings a song because they do not know the lyrics.
(Singing we will rock you)
Chris: Buddy you're a boy make a .................. WE WILL WE WILL ROCK YOU.
Jake: What's up with that singtermission?
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0.05496 | <urn:uuid:f524fb40-8e85-4bd9-8e71-08c15c467961> | en | 0.968931 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like troweling:
1. Balljuice McPeachy
Balljuice McPeachy- A man who strapped an electric tag onto his hairy nutsack, ran into the parking lot of his workplace which was beyond the confines of the electric tag and bust a nut all over the place. As he went flying backwards he hit his head on a can of DelMonte peaches. Now he's known as Balljuice McPeachy.
Popularized by the "Adlibs" special feature on the "Employee of the Month" DVD.
Dude you bust a nut in the parking lot? You fucking Balljuice McPeachy!
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1. Chicken Wing Ding
A sweet ass word made up by some McCallie students, aka Lucas and Tal, one day before their history exam. This word can mean anything really as long as it is used in a kick ass way. You can insert it for words that are used for excitement or confusion. Also chicken wing ding is a very unknown restaurant.
Dude that trick was so cool. No dude fuck that, it was Chicken Wing Ding.
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1. Hanger Beatdown
When, after doing laundry, you are hanging up your clothes but can't fit the hanger in, so you must hit it back and forth against the other clothes to try and squeeze it in.
I was doing laundry yesterday, and I had to do a Hanger Beatdown just to hang up my shirt!
you have to many clothes and whine a lot....
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1. Jerkin In The Rain
an expression used to show how happy someone is after jerking off (Came from the Expression danceing in the rain)
Man yesterday I was so bored I decided to jerk off!! It was so nice, I was jerkin in the rain :D
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1. Murphy's Law of Driving
-Your driving skill is inversely proportional to how attractive your passenger is.-
The non-gender-specific propensity for things to go horribly wrong whilst attempting some vehicular stunt when an attractive member of the opposite sex is involved.
John: "I've drifted that corner a hundred times with no problem, but as soon as Jane was in the car, it all went to hell and now she's left me and my car is totalled...."
Fred: "Murphy's Law of Driving dude...I told you not to try that with her in the car"
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1. Tandridge
Tndridge aka T-ridge or the T-ridge crips is one of the most notorious projects or hoods in Toronto Rexdale.They are mostly crips in that neighbourhood. Affiliated gangs are the Doomztown Cripz,Mo or mount Olive,and others.
Tandridge is a scary hood and they are cripz.
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1. You Fight Dogs
You fight dirty, just like Michael Vick.
This can be used as a comeback as well as calling someone out on their rudeness.
"Vanessa! That was so mean... you fight dogs." (or "you fight dawgs" with southern twang emphasized and encouraged).
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4. bustamante
In Spanish, a slang term for motherfucker. Also called bustaputa.
You are a stupid loser, you are a motherfucker, you are a fucking asshole... how about this,you are BUSTAMANTE! there...
1. Bustamante
a very cool last name
someone who is nice,generous and considerate
your best buddy
is pronounced (boost-a-mon-tay)
NOT pronounced (bust-a-men-tee)
Woah!!! Your last name is Bustamante?!?!?!? You must be AWESOME!!!!!!
2. Bustamante
1) a group of fake decieving people.
2) latin term meaning motherfucker.
3) wealthy hispanic family.
4) to play favorites.
1) What a bunch of Bustamantes.
2) Orale, Bustamante! My pinche food is getting cold!
3) Look at that bustamante saving money on electricity.
4) Damn, your family likes to bustamante alot huh?
3. Bustamante
A cocktail comprised of a blush/rose' wine and an XTC tab. A popular drink enjoyed by exotic dancers working the afternoon shift in "off main street" strip clubs. Not only does this drink allow them to get more into their routine, but also allows them to look very classy to the clientele.
I was at this club gettin' on this girl and I knew I'd close the deal watching how she downed all those Bustamante's one after another.
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1. dirty p e kit
whats left on the floor by my the silly boys in my tutor group after they do p e. It smells and my teacher hates it.
"I'm sick and tired of seeing your smelly dirty p e kit all over the floor"
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1. Femenist
One who believes in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes.
Femenist are hot.
I am a Femenist, therefore I support Femenism.
Both men and women can be Femenist.
A woman who's a femenist is not always a lesbian.
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7. frugal
Another word for cool or awesome.
Those shoes are so frugal!
1. frugal
Thrifty, referring to a person. Or sparse, referring to things.
"People who grew up in the Depression seem to be more frugal. They never buy name-brand stuff!"
"Ebenezer Scrooge retired, after long a day of screwing people over, to his dingy apartment to consume his frugal (thin/watery) serving of gruel" --severly paraphrased from Dickens' "A Christmas Carol"
2. FRuGalS
WEEEEED codename...nice right
damn u nigga yd u steal my frugals
3. frugal
noun- a jewish person
that rich-ass heeb is very frugal
by Gesus January 30, 2004 add a video add an image
4. frugal
Sexy, yet suprisingly revealing
It seems we're in some kind of forest, dense, yet frugal
5. frugal
An intelligent participator in the economy.
for the retards
A person who spends money.
Exxo is very frugal, they funded the bush' adminstration's next election funds in return for the conquerring of Iraq for Iraq's oil.
by waffle October 17, 2003 add a video add an image
6. frugal
stupid in how much they know about fassion & the real world. Frugal people seem to live in their own little uncool bubble.
My mom is weirdly frugal
by Sarah May 29, 2004 add a video add an image
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1. homophobephobia
The fear of being labeled a homophobe.
Nick: Have you ever attended a gay pride rally?
Noah: No, but I have seen the movie Milk, and I liked it. It's not like I'm a homophobe.
Nick: You suffer from homophobephobia.
2. homophobephobia
See homophobephobe
The irrational fear or hatred of others or one’s-self having an irrational fear or hatred of those who identify with a sexual preference other than heterosexual. Bigotry using an intensely hypocritical double standard. Also: outward acts of oppression, discrimination, or violence against minority groups based on their opinions, which seem contrary to the ideals of gay rights activism.
Treating someone who feels sexual orientation can fluctuate with hormones or drug content with prejudice and stigma, or stereotyping as a religious bigot, even when zhe does not fear or hate homosexuals and is not necessarily spiritually inclined, religiously inclined, or both. This is the most common form of homophobephobia.
Specifically: drowning out the message of demonstrators at a pride parade with random noise, or using pink styrofoam walls to cover up their signs. Beating up or "arresting" church groups handing out water bottles at pride parades. Attemping to charge groups with obstruction when the other party was equally if not more at fault.
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1. mung baptism
mung baptism is usually done to a "virgin" munger as a sort of initiation after his first mung outing. After preforming mung one sprinkles mung juice on the once virgins head. It's pretty much a one way ticket to hell.
Now that you've finally had sex and eaten out a dead person, we must now preform mung baptism on you.
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1. oily gin tears
The soul consuming depression that crushes you from within when the hangover, that you thought you had avoided, ignites an emotional cess pit between in your brain.
Usually on a Sunday evening after you've satisfied your urges for cheese and sex, and when you realize you have to go to work tomorrow and spend the day staring at a screen and dealing with absolute cunts.
Appropriately used to describe any booze induced depression, but most correctly used after a night on the gin. The high level of oil will render your dehydrated tears powerful enough to lubricate an engine.
Often used to sustain those who are currently on a real peak, while you wallow alone in the darkness of your mind.
Charlie: "Please, help.... me...."
Barry: "Oily gin tears?"
Charlie: "Just kill me now..."
Ali: "He's been smuckdown with the oily gin tears."
Barry: "I don't give a fuck, his oily gin tears sustain me."
"As oily gin tears tumbled down his harrowed face, the black ink in his brain began to boil."
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1. oodenblatt
This is when a bunch of nasty lawn gnomes get together and congregate on when they are going to take over the world. When they meet they usually wear very funny hats (i mean really funny). its kind of like a klan meeting except the gnomes are very peaceful and not racist and take to the liking of fish paste.
yo son i saw the oodenblatt meeting the other day.
oh word? yeah we should totally join except i dont like fish all that much.
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1. vegetext
Sending text messages while just vegging out.
Mindless text messaging. Texting in a vegetative state of mind.
She would rather sit around like a vegetable and text message her friends all night. She was vegetexting.
My daughter was bored but didn't want to engage herself in anything that would require any amount of concentration. She was more inclined to lay on her bed and vegetext.
Vegetext or vegetexting
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0.075697 | <urn:uuid:8ad5352e-a3d8-43c6-aac0-826e92ebb56b> | en | 0.976438 | Poll: Health overhaul unpopular, but not as feared
Shortly after the law passed in 2010, nearly half - 47 percent - said they expected the quality of their care to worsen. Now just 32 percent say that's their worry.
Most of the law's major changes have yet to take effect, and dire predictions - of lost jobs, soaring premiums and long waits to see the doctor - have not materialized. Provisions that have gone into effect, including extended coverage for young adults on their parents' insurance and relief for seniors with high prescription costs, only had a modest impact on health care spending.
Lee Sisson, 63, a semi-retired businessman from Winter Haven, Fla., says he figures that he might be better off personally as a result of the overhaul. For example, it would limit how much health insurance companies can charge older adults. But self-interest hasn't made Sisson a supporter.
"As a guy that's semi-retired, the law would probably benefit me, and I'm still against it because it's not good for our country," said Sisson. He's concerned about the cost of new government programs getting passed on to future generations.
Most of the drop in people saying they believe their care will worsen actually comes from those like Sisson, who are opposed to it. Of the law's opponents, 55 percent now say their care will worsen. But in April 2010, soon after the law passed, that share was 67 percent.
Overall, half of Americans say they don't think the quality of their care will change, while 14 percent expect it to improve.
The health care debate may be getting less edgy, but it's unclear how much it will help Obama and Democrats heading into a contentious 2012 election season. Americans remain cool to the major domestic accomplishment of the president's first term, even if they like some of the law's provisions.
The poll found that 35 percent of Americans support the health care law overhaul, while 47 percent oppose it. That's about the same split as when it passed. Then, 39 percent supported it and 50 percent opposed it.
Opposition remains strongest among seniors, many of whom object that Medicare cuts were used to help finance coverage for younger uninsured people.
"We were supposed to have a nice, relaxed retirement, and now we are scared," said Nancy Deister Knaack, 65, of Leawood, Kan., a retired special education teacher. "We don't know what's going to happen."
Confusion about the complex legislation has not helped Obama sell it to the public, contributing to an atmosphere in which wild charges about potential repercussions readily find an audience.
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0.02006 | <urn:uuid:70e69307-80dc-42cd-a83b-9dc364dab39d> | en | 0.97588 | NCAA wants to crack down on head-cracking hits
The difference between a legal hit and an illegal one in football is often determined by inches and seconds.
A proposed rule change by the NCAA could make those inches and seconds even more important in college football.
Consider this another high-profile step in the universal effort to make football less dangerous and cut down the risk of head injuries. The future of football became a hot topic again in the lead up to the Super Bowl when President Barack Obama said if he had a son "he'd think long and hard" before letting him play the game. He also voiced concern about whether the NCAA was doing enough to help college players deal with long-term health issues that come from playing football.
The NFL has been cracking down on helmet hits in recent seasons, handing out more frequent fines and even suspensions. But those penalties are determined days later, after the play has been reviewed.
Under the NCAA Football Rules Committee proposal, video replay will be used to determine the ejection part of the penalty, but that call will be made immediately.
And that's troubling to some coaches.
New Temple coach Matt Rhule, who spent the past last year as an assistant with the New York Giants, said it might be asking too much of replay officials to conduct a thorough review of a complex play that could result in a player losing the right to participate.
"That seems a high price to pay for something that we're not sure of," Rhule said in a telephone interview Wednesday night.
"Clearly if the guy's head is down and he's launching into a receiver with the top of his head, that should be a penalty," Arizona coach Rich Rodriguez said. "You hate for somebody to get penalized for just a good hard hit."
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0.071827 | <urn:uuid:048ab98d-40b2-4289-b773-dd82f88b7bbe> | en | 0.96383 | Page is a not externally linkable
- Yahoo
-- Yahoo Search Engine and Directory
---- U.S. User Satisfaction Survey Says Yahoo Better Than Google
europeforvisitors - 2:40 pm on Aug 15, 2007 (gmt 0)
It's also worth noting that the sample size was tiny, according to the article:
"The Internet business data was compiled in the second quarter with at least 250 respondents for each company studied."
Finally, it appears that the survey wasn't based on a comparison between users' satisfaction with various services; it was limited to a single service in each case. This means that audience expectations played a bigger role than they would have in a side-by-side comparison. (Google's audience could easily be more critical and demanding than Yahoo's audience is, for example.) But for me, the big issue is the tiny sample size.
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0.029113 | <urn:uuid:ebeb0ffe-5fac-4ef5-997f-103568f52eca> | en | 0.914433 | Page is a not externally linkable
- Code, Content, and Presentation
-- Site Graphics and Multimedia Design
---- Cross-domain GIFs are a bad idea
Everyman - 6:02 pm on Jan 10, 2002 (gmt 0)
WmW uses some cross-domain GIFs as icons. I just started surfing with K-Meleon, a stripped-down Netscape-like browser. There's a configuration option that allows you to avoid loading any off-site GIFs.
It's great for lots of sites, as you're able to skip about half of the ads this way. But on your own site, it's probably something to avoid when possible. Without the icons, there's not much to click on.
I have no idea if other browsers offer this option, but I suspect it will become more popular in the future as ad density increases.
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0.058308 | <urn:uuid:89e810bf-5d0a-442d-821c-189ecc353b9e> | en | 0.918616 | Death Tank - Achievement Guide - Every Point Counts
There are 12 achievements with a total of 200 points.
Tank Commander (25 points)
Attain the rank of Tank Commander.
This one will take a lot of time. You will rank up when you get points so score a lot of kills and this one and Maniac should be yours after about 15-20 hours.
Hard Shot (5 points)
Shoot an enemy using full power.
Very easy achievement. Just hit an enemy with full power. If you have two controllers, set the other tank in front of you and shoot it, you don't have to destroy the tank just hit it.
Revenge (15 points)
Eliminate your killer with your last dying shot and get REVENGE!
To get this you must shoot your enemy right after you have been killed and kill your enemy. With two controllers this one is really easy. Hurt yourself, so that both of you have twenty percent of your health, then shoot a Nuke in the air. When it is about hit you, shoot your Nuke at your opponent. When you are dead and the Nuke kills him the achievement will pop up.
Cleanup (5 points)
Kill 2 enemy tanks with one nuke. "A nuke on the battlefield is worth two in the store."
To make this one easy, have Three controllers signed into the game. Take the two tanks that are going be the targets stand next to each other. First, hurt them with any weapon until they only have about twenty percent of their health left. Then shoot the Nuke and kill them both.
If you don't have three controllers, play against seven easy bots. Shoot at two tanks that are close to each other and you should kill them pretty easily.
The Vice (20 points)
Kill an enemy while flying upside down.
First, go in to Options and turn off Jet Pack helper. Then, create a game and buy a Jet Pack. Now, when you press both and , you will start to fly and then press either or to spin. While you are upside down, shoot a tank and destroy it. Choose the Death's Hand for this one since it has a big spread and heavy damage.
The Dex (20 points)
One shot an enemy tank using a straight up MIRV.
This is simple in "Create a Game". You are going to want to use a Target Comp, so activate it and make sure it is exactly straight up and down. Be sure to use full power because if you get hit by one projectile the other tank will not be destroyed. I drove my tank on top of the other tank that was standing still and then I aimed straight up in the air and when I made the shot, I drove away.
Deadeye (15 points)
Hit and kill an enemy with 3 shells in a row. Each shell must be airborne for at least 1 second.
Buy the Target Comp and stand with each tank on both sides. Aim and shoot three shells and destroy the tank.
Missile Master (25 points)
Hit an enemy with 3 missiles in a row. Each missile must spend at least 2 seconds in the air.
To get the achievement, begin by aiming almost straight up in the air and then shoot one missile. The missile will fly out of the screen, but will come back and hit the ground. Drive the other tank to the exact same spot where the missile landed and then just shoot three missiles and make sure that the missiles hit the tank.
Jump (15 points)
Fly half the width of the screen and stick the landing... In under 5 seconds.
Buy a Jet Pack and fly from one side the other. Make sure you don't land upside down because then you must do it again.
Veteran (10 points)
Rack up 50 on the Total Kills leaderboard.
See "Maniac"
Elite (20 points)
Rack up 250 on the Total Kills leaderboard.
See "Maniac"
Maniac (25 points)
Rack up 5000 on the Total Kills leaderboard.
This one will take alot of time, but here is an easy way to get a lot of kills. Create a game with seven easy bots. Turn on double money and $2,000, Charge speed fast and 100 rounds. Buy Death's Hand, which instant kills an enemy tank if you hit correctly and Target Comp to make sure that you hit your enemy.
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0.022137 | <urn:uuid:c669689a-c815-4b0e-9677-79cea705d2ef> | en | 0.979377 | The Prince
59 Kynaston Rd, London, London, N16 0EB
• Tel: 020 7923 4766
About us
The Prince is a popular gastro pub just off Stoke Newington Church Street. It has a beer garden (back and front) and a dining area. There is a quiz night every Thursday.
Services and products
• Outside Seating
• Quiz Nights
• Food
• Vegetarian Dishes
• TV for Sporting Events
Provided by The Local Data Company
1. Two thumbs fresh
14/01/2011 by
I brought my friends here who were over from New York to treat them for proper english sunday grub. Absolutely gorgeous, homemade horseradish sauce to complement my beef, massive homemade yorkie puds...and the sticky toffee puddng was worth every calorie. Can't complain about the service, considering how busy it was. The staff were attentive and pretty friendly. A hidden stokey gem!
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2. book your party here!!
27/02/2010 by
I have been a regular at the Prince for over 2 years and decided it was the perfect place to host my 40th birthday party. We hired out the cosy upstairs room for the evening. The manager was very helpful with organising the party and the canapes we had where fantastic. All my 50 guest had a great night and we have already booked the room again for my daughters christianing.
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15/10/2009 by
I have been coming in the Prince a couple of times a week for over a year. For quite drinks during the week and with a couple of other families at the weekend for the great Sunday roast. We have always had great service and have never had any reason to complain about the food. From talking to other friends and parents in the area i think that most regular Prince customers feel the same. Keep up the good work!
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1. The Price of Darkness
13/10/2009 by
Well this used to be my local...and I loved it, the owner was friendly the bar staff accomodating...and ok food. It needed a good clean and a lick of paint but it was homely and welcoming and child friendly...which is important in a local pub in the middle of a housing estate that is full of families with children. It was then taken over...I am guessing by someone who may have been locked away in a dark room somewhere with not much contact with the outside world...let alone run an establishment that requires at least some contact the general public and general understanding of customer service. They did the clean and lick of paint and pretty much thought that was all they had to do. Most of the bar staff left and where replaced by people of equal communication skills as the owner...and as for being child friendly...well, if people can't communicate with adults they won't have much luck with kids will they. In general, as long as you are childless, don't like much friendly banter, enjoy tasteless food, and like "service without a smile" then this is the place for you.
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2. I love anagrams 'The Prince' = 'Cheer Pint'.
13/10/2009 by
... well there's nothing cheerful about having a pint in this place, certainly since it's been taken over by the 'Mr I've never had to interact with members of the public before' . Maybe someone should introduce him to that old 80's classic 'Cheers' and it's theme tune.... Making your way in the world today takes everything you've got. Taking a break from all your worries, sure would help a lot. Wouldn't you like to get away? Sometimes you want to go Where everybody knows your name, and they're always glad you came. You wanna be where you can see, our troubles are all the same You wanna be where everybody knows Your name.
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3. Something is just not right....
13/10/2009 by
I keep hearing how bad this place still is after the change of ownership a couple of years ago, and I wanted to find out for myself if what they say is true, so I popped in for a pint on my own. It is as bad as they say. It just doesn't feel like a pub, and lacks any atmosphere whatsoever. The manager seems to be able to create a perfect vacuum. User 0131mtw's experience is echoed by many acounts I have heard....One friend told me how the manager reluctantly had another steak cooked for their order as the rare they had asked for was a cold very well done, and after when they finished their meal he came over and blew out the candle on their table accompanied by a hard stare. Nice! Another friend popped in to the empty pub for glass of wine with a friend, she was served but 5 minutes later the manager turned all the lights off and went and stood outside. Basil Fawlty understudy with out the humour. Give this pace a wide berth and go and spend your money elsewhere.
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1. My worst dining experience ever!
07/06/2009 by
Upon entering the restaurant from the rain outside we were informed by a member of the barstaff that we would have to wait 30 mins at the bar for a table to be free. Our party included my 6 mth pregnant wife and my 3 yr old son, after waiting almost an hour I asked when a table would be free as they were seating people who had just arrived and also not booked before us. Once we were seated after a further 10 minute wait and surly looks from the waiting staff, we had to wait a further 50 mins for our food. After patiently waiting I asked a member of staff when the food would be arriving and I was told that I was being aggressive and told to calm down and eat my food in a very patronising manner by the waiter! I then proceeded to ask for the manager who then proceeded to shout at me and ask me to leave the restaurant immediately, leaving my pregnant wife and child inside whilst I waited outside for them to finish in the rain. I have never been spoken too and received such an arrogant, passive aggressive and inadequate service in all my years eating, reviewing and working within restaurants. I strongly advise against eating or drinking there as the food was cold by the time it had arrived and overpriced with an overcooked parsnip crisp placed on top of the food in the vain attempt of justify it sky high prices. A truly awful experience! I recommend that the owners give the place an overhaul as the staff are running down its reputation, and redecorate, as the toilets are filthy and the pub in general is dirty!
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2. why can't they do better?
03/11/2008 by
Completely charmless staff and average food make this place one to avoid either for food or if you just want to sit and enjoy a pint. They seriously need someone front of house who knows how to look after customers. Food is just not good enough for the money. I hate going out to eat and paying too much for food, I could do better myself at home. It really needs a new identity to break from the previous incarnation (it was taken over last year I think), and is going through a slow transformation which seems utterly directionless, who knows where this place is heading!
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3. Prince Charmless
05/10/2008 by
We have visited The Prince a couple of times before but after today's Sunday lunch, I have promised myself not to return. I was never able to put my finger on what was missing, until now. Happily Stoke Newington has a glut of excellent eateries and a person would therefore assume each establishment would try a little harder to vie for custom. This place seems to rely on its back street cosy location and faux gastro pub status with funky metallic bar (damp - use a cloth!) and thinks it doesn't have to do much else to attract business. The food wasn't outstanding but palatable, although the portions big. The vegetables seemed microwaved and my friend thought her sausages were bland. All in all average fayre really. The main problem for me were the staff. Two of them especially displaying a certain well-honed aloof manner, and bordering on offensive indifference in our being there. This crescendo-ed on my paying the (over priced) bill. The 'Thank you' was uttered but I was stared right through with a chilling lack of human interaction. The staff coupled with the sterile atmosphere and bland choice in music (I am from originally from Liverpool and tremendously proud of my heritage, but there is only so much back to back Beatles even I can take) made my mind up never to return. I say save yourself a few pennies and go somewhere warmer in atmosphere and marginally cheaper like the Londesborough or the Daniel Defoe where the manager cracks a joke as he pours your pint.
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1. The Prince
27/08/2008 by
Hmm. This place looks good enough, but it is not. Not really. I mean, they spent a lot on the decor but patrons are expected to pay a lot for their food a drink -this, I feel, is unacceptable for a back street boozer. Thanks to the throughly pompous, dark faux-sexy decor The Prince has a distincly staid and uptight atmosphere. Many treat it's back street location as a means to call it a hidden gem, but this treasure trove is no rewarding, seek it out and you'll see for yourself that a big fat X makes the spot. Do yourself a favour, visit one of the very many other better pubs in the area and don't indulge these clowns. Well worth avoiding.
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2. Good for beer, hit or miss on food
12/07/2008 by
I go to this place regularly for a Friday night pint. I love the modern-meets-traditional pub atmosphere... spacious, wood tables, leather couches, sun in the afternoon. The staff are very friendly. Their beer fridge isn't cold enough so stick to pints over bottles. I only wish the food were better. On two occasions the food was overpriced, boring and potentially even poisonous (I'm not sure if it was the veggie burger or the beer, but something didn't sit right after that meal). Some friends claim to have had a decent burger there once, and I believe their chips are okay.
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3. 14/03/2007 by
This is my local. The upstairs lounge has a varied mix of seating my favbourite being the rocking chair. The food is good although slightly more expensive than most in the area. It has an enviable reputation for its Sunday Lunches when the pub gets packed out so if you go book ahead.
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1. A Prince
08/03/2007 by
I like the place. It's a Gastropub tucked away from main streets. It's laid back and has an older down-to-earth crowd. Has outdoor area in the summer that closes early due to local pressure. See you there.
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2. 06/02/2007 by
A decent neighbourhood pub in Stoke Newington. The wine list is pretty good and they have good range of draught lagers (didn't look at the real ales unfortunately). The menu seemed good, but we didn't eat there. A pretty relaxed sort of a place, the music was quiet and inoffensive (even on a saturday). Pretty unpretentious for the area, nicely decorated, you can hire the upstairs for private functions. Overall, a good place for a few drinks with friends.
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3. 06/02/2007 by
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0.176962 | <urn:uuid:e78b71d8-0fe9-4b10-86c7-20f70e4d5ce3> | en | 0.927962 | Religion & Ethics: Content from Across the ABC
Date/Time 19 Dec 2013 3:06:15am
You say, "you atheists and agnostics are just the same as religious people".
Some religions eg non-monastic Western Buddhism, are atheistic ie make no supernatural claim. What makes them religions is a wisdom tradition centred around and taught through communal practices.
That is, they're religions in terms of their function, practice and content (including the emotional content of community practice) regarding central questions eg What is a life well led?
That definition would exclude other atheists who don't regard themselves as part of any communal tradition. | http://www2b.abc.net.au/tmb/View/NewMessage.aspx?b=273&t=84&tn=&dm=1&m=1602&tpa=&r=%2Ftmb%2FView%2FMessage.aspx%3Fb%3D273%26t%3D84%26a%3D0%26ps%3D50%26tpa%3D%26uto%3D1%26dm%3D4%26ci%3D0%26pd%3D1%26so%3DDateTime%26soa%3DFalse%26p%3D1%26p2%3D0 | dclm-gs1-283430002 | false | false | {
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0.766768 | <urn:uuid:ae4b42dc-bff9-4ec5-9cb0-f7a92aeae415> | en | 0.834313 | xlostinthoughtx's Journal
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aim, art, artistic nudity, bi, cats, charles in charge, collages, cookies, creating characters, dark angel, dc talk, dean cain, dirty dancing, dvds, goth, lesbian, lois and clark, mp3s, music, online children, paul mercurio, poetry, reading, romantic, rugrats, shippers, singing, slash, sleep, smallville, sporks, stigmata, the nanny, toby mac, tv, writing, xfiles
cradle me gently
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wipe the tears
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cradle me gently
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i might break and turn
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Borit Asbestos Site Proposed for Superfund List
Release Date: 09/03/2008
Contact Information: Roy Seneca (215) 814-5567
PHILADELPHIA (September 3, 2008) -- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency today proposed the addition of the Borit Asbestos Site in Ambler, Pa. to the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL).
The Borit asbestos site was used to dispose of asbestos-containing material from the 1930s to the 1970s that came from a nearby asbestos-manufacturing plant. The site is divided into three parcels: an asbestos waste pile owned by Kane-Core Inc., a reservoir owned by the Wissahickon Waterfall Initiative and a former park/playground owned by Whitpain Township.
The waste pile covers approximately two acres of the six-acre parcel, and is about 20 feet above the ground surface. The berm of the 15-acre reservoir was constructed of asbestos shingles, millboard and soil. Asbestos product waste, such as piping and tiles, is visible surrounding the reservoir and stream banks. The third disposal area, which covers about 11 acres, was a depression that was filled and leveled, and eventually used as a park/playground. In the mid-1980s, the area was fenced due to asbestos contamination.
The site is being considered for the NPL because of the potential exposure of the nearby residential population to airborne asbestos and asbestos contamination along the Wissahickon Creek. For Federal Register notices and supporting documents for this and other proposed sites, please visit | http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/652d9edd5cf71a2585257359003f5343/2ac1c6d5c255e7b6852574b900511e4f!OpenDocument | dclm-gs1-283470002 | false | false | {
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0.517047 | <urn:uuid:67d35e96-b378-4114-b86d-e243948bd28a> | en | 0.923507 | Take the tour ×
I have a phone record with two persons speaking, let's call them A and B. A is very quiet on the record, B is "normal". Now I want to amplify the voice of person A so that it matches the loudness of person B. How can that be done? Note that I don't care about noise or whatever, I need no filtering, I just need to amplify the voice of person A. Please note that it is a longer record, so I need an automatic solution, amplifying person A manually would take hours. Thank you very much!
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3 Answers
Use dynamic range compression.
Set the threshold to kick in only on the louder voice, and adjust the ratio until the levels between the two voices match. Attack and release times of about 100ms should work.
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If you're willing to spend some money, WAVES has a Dynamic Range Comp specific for spoken audio - I just can't remember its name. – Johnny Bigoode Dec 27 '11 at 16:27
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You need to normalize the audio. There will be nothing you can do about the points in time when A and B are speaking simultaneously, but if there is that much difference between the two people, then normalization will do the trick. There are numerous commercial, shareware, and possibly free applications that can normalize an audio file.
One bit of advice. If there is a lot of noise in the audio file, you may want to damp it down a bit with a little EQ before normalizing so the process doesn't see the noise as the "high volume ceiling".
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Normalization will adjust the overall level of the audio, not the relative levels of the two speakers. You could select individual phrases and normalize them independently, but the OP said "I need an automatic solution, amplifying person A manually would take hours". – smokris Nov 11 '11 at 17:43
That's true. Compression/Expansion is probably the best bet in this case. – Zeronyne Nov 15 '11 at 16:29
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As another option, consider using The Levelator — a free application for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux, intended to adjust audio levels within a recording, using a combination of compression and normalization.
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0.01996 | <urn:uuid:bbc85c84-0b3a-4a79-96ff-c0b0d074acf4> | en | 0.968119 | NFL Power Rankings: Where Does Every Team Rank Heading into Week 7?
By (NFL Draft Lead Writer) on October 14, 2012
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1 of 34
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After one of the wildest, craziest weeks in recent memory, the NFL landscape looks completely different as the dust from Week 6 fades. A lot of changes are to be expected in this week's power rankings.
With the 6-0 Atlanta Falcons winning in a late-game thriller, will they finally move into the top spot overall? The San Francisco 49ers might be the most complete team in the NFL, but the New York Giants put a beating on our former No. 1. Big changes, indeed.
Power rankings aren't based on standings, so toss out those win/loss records. Sure, wins and losses matter, but they aren't the only factor here. Impact, who would win on a neutral field, and the eye-ball test are also contributing factors in this week's NFL power rankings.
32. Kansas City Chiefs
There isn't much silver lining on the Kansas City Chiefs cloud this season. With just one win and a clear deficiency at quarterback, things aren't looking good for Romeo Crennel's team.
What's most frustrating when watching the Chiefs is that they have a clear talent advantage most weeks. On paper, this should be one of the best teams in the league. They have an elite runner, big-play wide receivers, a talented line and a stout defense. Again, on paper.
Put these parts on the field and the product is unwatchable at times. The coaching staff needs to right the ship quickly, as the seat under Crennel has to be heating up.
31. Cleveland Browns
The Cleveland Browns were the last team to get its first win of the 2012 season, but it was a good one.
There is so much young talent on this team that it's easy to see them improving over the course of the year. Beating the Cincinnati Bengals has the potential to be a defining moment for a franchise that's consistently in rebuilding mode. And most importantly, the Browns are no longer winless.
One victory isn't likely to jump-start a playoff run, but for at least one week the fans in Cleveland can feel like winners.
30. Oakland Raiders
So close...yet so far.
That may be the theme of the Oakland Raiders' 2012 season. The team looked ready to upset the Atlanta Falcons, but it was like a switch was flipped late in the fourth quarter and the team remembered that they weren't supposed to win big games.
The good news is that the Raiders shouldn't even be in these types of games. Beating the Atlanta Falcons isn't supposed to be on the radar for this year's team, but credit Dennis Allen for having his team ready to go against an undefeated team.
29. Jacksonville Jaguars
A well-timed bye week helps the Jacksonville Jaguars get healthy, but what's really needed is innovation.
There are explosive playmakers on both sides of the ball, and while they may be inconsistent at times, the Jaguars need to unleash their athletes. This isn't breaking news—the coaches and fans know it—but whether or not Mike Mularkey will take the handcuffs off Bob Bratkowski's offense and Mel Tucker's defense remains to be seen.
Picking the Jaguars to win more than four games over the rest of the season would be very optimistic, but if they can get healthy and if Mularkey opens things up, it's not unthinkable.
28. Indianapolis Colts
The struggles of rookie quarterbacks are well-documented. When your team is leaning on a rookie signal-caller, anything can happen week-to-week. Such is life for the Andrew Luck-led Indianapolis Colts.
Luck will bounce between brilliant (Week 5 comeback versus Green Bay) and erratic (Week 6), but what's important is that the youngster is getting reps, learning the offense and acclimating to the NFL. Luck may not have the eye-popping stats that Robert Griffin has put up, but longevity is the key here. An NFL career isn't a sprint.
The Colts have a lot of work to do in the offseason, but the first order of business should be to put the young players on the field and let them sink or swim in the meantime. That's the only way the Colts front office will find out if they have the talent around Luck to build with.
27. New York Jets
Giving credit where credit's due is a big part of these power rankings each week. This week, the New York Jets deserve quite a bit of credit.
Yes, it was only a win against the Indianapolis Colts, but the win-loss column doesn't discriminate—a win is simply a win. And now the Jets have one more, which means they're tied for first place in the AFC East.
The recipe for success in Week 6 won't work against every team—they can't face the Colts defense every week—but at its minimum it's a nice momentum builder heading into Week 7.
26. Tennessee Titans
For the Tennessee Titans to salvage their season, a Week 6 win was key. Beating the Pittsburgh Steelers could be the turning point in the year—the game we look back on and say, "that's when it clicked for the Titans." Or it could simply be one of a few wins for an overrated team that can't run the ball.
The Titans have talent—our own Josh Zerkle picked them to win the AFC South—but they haven't shown it thus far. The injuries at quarterback and wide receiver have been a major issue, but the lack of an edge pass rush is the biggest factor. They were able to pressure Ben Roethlisberger, but the Steelers have one of the worst offensive lines in the league.
To make their Week 6 win a turning point, the Titans need more 91-yard games from Chris Johnson and more high-pressure performances from Kamerion Wimbley.
25. New Orleans Saints
It's unlikely that the New Orleans Saints were happy to have their bye week immediately following their first win of the season, but now the Saints must face 11 straight weeks without a break.
The season isn't over in New Orleans, but the team has to play even better than they did in their Week 5 win over the San Diego Chargers if they hope to turn things around. A 1-4 record doesn't guarantee anything, but three more losses over the next 11 games will make the playoffs damn-near impossible.
The pressure is on, but don't be surprised if the Saints find the momentum to make a run toward an NFC wild-card berth.
24. Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Thanks to the 1-5 Kansas City Chiefs, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers were able to end their three-game losing streak. With the New Orleans Saints up next on the schedule, their current streak is unlikely to reach two.
The simple fact in Tampa is that quarterback Josh Freeman isn't getting the job done. They have talent at running back (and in Week 6 they ran the ball well), but Freeman is holding this team back as much as anyone. To make up for his deficiencies, Greg Schiano will need to lean on his running backs and his defense—but he should be used to that after so many years at Rutgers.
In a tough division, things will get worse for Tampa before they get better. Their quarterback play has to improve.
23. Carolina Panthers
A Week 6 bye gave the Carolina Panthers a break from their current three-game losing streak, and hopefully it will give the coaching staff and players time to figure out what's going wrong.
This isn't a team completely devoid of talent. The offense is loaded in the backfield, wide receiver Steve Smith is still a threat, and tight end Greg Olsen is a red-zone nightmare. All that on-paper talent has yet to add up on the field though, and the Panthers one win this season serves as a stark reminder that there is a reason this team has drafted in the top 10 in three of the last four NFL drafts
It will be up to the coaches to energize the team, and a big part of that means unleashing Cam Newton to do what he does best—improvise and make plays with his feet.
22. San Diego Chargers
Week 6 should be looked back on as the time when the San Diego Chargers' owners finally realized that A.J. Smith and Norv Turner aren't getting the job done. And that something isn't right with Philip Rivers since mid-way through the 2011 season.
The largest comeback in Monday Night Football history doesn't just happen because one team got lucky. Rivers threw three second half interceptions (four total) as the team completely melted down. In what has become a signature of Norv Turner coached teams, the Chargers jumped to an early lead and put on their cruise control, only realizing too late that they were fading.
Putting any faith in this team down the stretch would be foolish. Until the Chargers have a new head coach, no one can trust this team.
21. Pittsburgh Steelers
Why the big drop for the Pittsburgh Steelers? A few reasons.
1. I should have known better than to rank the Steelers so high last week. Putting them at No. 7 was based on paper talent and a hunch that they'd get hot and start winning. Oops.
2. I picked the Steelers to go 8-8 and miss the playoffs before the year, and a wiser man would have remembered that last week. Consider this a much-needed adjustment.
The Steelers are banged up on the offensive line, old and slow on defense, and have too little depth to be considered a viable contender over the next 11 weeks. Sorry, Steeler fan, the playoffs aren't in your immediate future.
20. Dallas Cowboys
If you haven't learned this by now, a tip: Never trust the Dallas Cowboys.
The Cowboys are one of the most frustrating teams to rank or analyze each year, and 2012 is no different. With enough talent on the depth chart to make a postseason run, you would think the Cowboys could make a push toward a 10-win season. But the inconsistency is adding up.
The reaction is to always blame Tony Romo, but the quarterback wasn't the problem versus Baltimore—the defense was. This Cowboys team looks a lot like the 2010 version that ended the year at 6-10.
19. Philadelphia Eagles
At least you can't solely blame Michael Vick for this week's poor play. Well, at least not all of it.
The Philadelphia Eagles are so close to being an elite team, but inconsistency is crippling their season. And, during Andy Reid's tenure, that should sound very familiar for Eagles fans.
The Week 6 loss should be put on the backs of the defense for their poor play in the fourth quarter, but the offense wasn't flawless either. And that's how it goes for Philadelphia—when the offense is good, the defense gets complacent, and vice versa.
At 3-3 the Eagles are still very much alive in the NFC playoff picture, but the OT loss to Detroit has to serve as a wake-up call for the entire team.
18. Buffalo Bills
The Buffalo Bills get a win, and a slight move up, but it's not all good news for Chan Gailey's team this week.
It was amazing to see how good the Arizona Cardinals offensive line made the Bills pass rush look. A unit that was largely invisible all season came alive against the Cardinals' front five, but it's worth noting that the Cardinals were a missed field goal and an injured quarterback away from winning this game.
The Bills look poised to finish 7-9 or 8-8—unfortunately, just good enough to knock them out of the sweepstakes for an elite quarterback prospect in the 2013 NFL draft.
17. Detroit Lions
All is not well for the Detroit Lions, even in the wake of a big win over the Philadelphia Eagles. Where do we begin?
The offense was supposed to be the strength of this team, but quarterback Matthew Stafford is content to throw the ball to Calvin Johnson no matter the circumstances. With no run game to speak of, average pass protection and no secondary targets, Stafford's penchant to force the ball to Johnson is resulting in big yards for Johnson, big interceptions for the opposition, and just one touchdown connection from the pair this season.
For Detroit to turn the corner and build on their win, Stafford has to get better protection, stop throwing off his back foot, and try to hook up with a receiver not named "Calvin Johnson."
16. Cincinnati Bengals
My preseason pick for AFC North champions took a hit this week, but the Cincinnati Bengals are still in this thing. At least that's what I'm telling myself.
The Bengals have so much going for them, but it's evident that their lack of a run game is really killing the offense. Andy Dalton-to-A.J. Green has become so preordained that defenses don't respect or fear the threat of the rush. They also don't fear the other wide receivers in the Bengals offense.
To get the team back on track, Jay Gruden needs to find ways to open up the offense. One quick remedy would be to get Andrew Hawkins more involved by moving him around pre-snap. Just the threat of Hawkins' speed would cause defenses to pause, and that might be enough for Dalton and Green to go over the top for six.
15. Miami Dolphins
Break up the Miami Dolphins!
A 3-3 record may not be much to run through the streets naked about for most fans, but a 3-3 record means the Dolphins are tied for first place in the AFC East. For a team that so many (including me) wrote off before the season, this has to feel pretty amazing for those die-hard Fins fans.
Joe Philbin has this team playing very well, and much of that credit goes to Ryan Tannehill for beating the odds and performing above his head in his first six weeks of NFL duty. Tannehill continues to develop much faster than previously expected.
The defense has been much better than expected, too. Cameron Wake is starting to get into a rhythm at defensive end, and against the subpar tackles in the East, that could be the difference between a win or loss once within the division.
14. Arizona Cardinals
I never thought a team would actually miss Kevin Kolb, but that happened to the Arizona Cardinals in their most recent loss.
The Cardinals were a field goal away from the win, but the loss of Kolb with two minutes to go in regulation ultimately cost Arizona the game versus Buffalo. It's easy to say that Kolb wouldn't have thrown the game-ending interception that John Skelton did in overtime, and it's also probably true.
At 4-2 the Cardinals are still tied for first place in the NFC West, but with two straight losses, a team that started the season so hot is now plummeting back to earth almost as fast as the Red Bull stratosphere jumper did.
13. St. Louis Rams
Jeff Fisher's St. Louis Rams are sitting just one game back in the NFC West, and based on their first six games, you can tell this team will be fighting until the last whistle blows on Week 17.
Fisher has the Rams playing better than anyone could have expected, and once the team fully gels and matures, more wins will come. The Rams have remained competitive with Wayne Hunter and Barry Richardson starting at offensive tackle, which is all you need to know about how great a job Fisher has done coaching this team.
The Rams are unlikely to win the needed games to make the playoffs, but they won't be a team anyone wants to play over the remainder of the season. Keep an eye on St. Louis—not just this year but looking ahead to 2013.
12. Minnesota Vikings
Even when they lose, the Minnesota Vikings look like the real deal.
At 4-2, Minnesota would be a wild-card team if the playoffs started after this week, but the Green Bay Packers are lurking, waiting for the Vikings to slip up. Minny can't afford another loss like it suffered in Week 6.
The Vikings unfortunately ran into Robert Griffin and the Redskins. Or, more accurately, they couldn't catch RG3 and the Redskins. The Vikings looked like the better team for most of this game—at least until the fourth quarter started and Griffin took over.
Capitalizing on their opponents' mistakes and limiting their own turnovers will be the key for the Vikings' next 11 games. The playoffs are a reality, if so.
11. Denver Broncos
With 35 unanswered points in the second half, the Denver Broncos erased a 24-0 deficit and firmly planted themselves atop the AFC West after six weeks. If anyone was waiting to write the "Peyton Manning is Back" article, go ahead and pen it.
Manning and the Broncos struggled in the first half, but the team made excellent adjustments in the second half. Manning was brilliant, but the team also capitalized on four interceptions by Philip Rivers (three in the second half) and road the Chargers' mistakes to a classic comeback.
Much like the New York Giants, the Broncos are a team that no one wants to play when the game matters most.
10. Washington Redskins
The Washington Redskins aren't the 10th-most most talented team in the NFL. They don't even have a record that would clear them of Arizona or Minnesota in the playoff picture.
What they do have is a quarterback who can take over games. They have a young offense that can and will score in bunches. They have a defense that can rush the passer and create turnovers. Based on record, the Redskins aren't a top-10 team, but based on how they looked in Week 6, they definitely are.
The rest of the season is likely to be full of the ups-and-downs of a rookie quarterback, but fans in Washington can enjoy the season knowing they have one of the bright young stars in the NFL at the most important position in the game.
9. New England Patriots
The New England Patriots have lost three games—as many as they lost in the entire 2011 regular season. And they've lost those three games by a total of four points.
The Patriots are still a top-tier team, but their inability to close out contests lately has been concerning. Tom Brady and Bill Belichick used to live for the last-minute drive, but the team has struggled to pull off the incredible wins they've became known for over the past season-and-a-half.
You can blame the offensive line, and they have struggled in pass protection. You can and should blame the defense if it makes you feel better. The season hangs in the balance, and the Patriots need to respond with another 52-28-style beatdown against the New York Jets in Week 7 to regain their momentum.
8. Seattle Seahawks
Where to rank the Seattle Seahawks was a bit of a dilemma. Here's a team that's beat the Green Bay Packers and New England Patriots. They've lost just twice, both on the road and by a total of 10 points. They're competitive with a 4-2 record, tied for best in the NFC West. The Seahawks just might be for real.
With the NFL's top-rated defense, Seattle has the recipe to win a lot of ball games. They are such a threat to disrupt and disable the opposition's ability to score that their own offense doesn't have to be on fire each week to win. Unlike some teams, however, the Seahawks offense can have an off week and still win.
Whether you're a fan or not, Pete Carroll is building (or has built) a winner in Seattle. With a dominant defense, a powerful run game and an exciting young quarterback in place, the Seahawks are looking at a playoff berth.
7. Green Bay Packers
Throw out the Week 7 standings, the Green Bay Packers are one of the most dangerous teams in the NFL. Period.
When Aaron Rodgers has time to operate, few teams can move the ball as well as the Packers. When the pass rush is working, few defenses can frustrate a quarterback like the Packers can. The first six weeks of the season have been bumpy, but the next 11 weeks will be proof that this is still one of the league's best teams.
The key for Green Bay is to find their tempo early in the game and never let up. They need to use the frustration from the debacle in Seattle and their last-minute loss to Indianapolis as fuel to pissed off, hard-hitting play. If they can do that, a return to the playoffs is imminent.
6. Chicago Bears
Coming off the bye week, Week 7 will give the Chicago Bears another chance to prove to the football world that they're for real. Somehow their 4-1 record hasn't done that yet.
In a year where 3-3 is good enough to lead your division, the Bears have been one of the more consistent teams in the league. The 2012 season will be defined by which teams can stay healthy and win in the second half of the year. And looking at the league right now, the way the Bears can run the ball and play defense puts them ahead of most of the competition.
You don't have to trust in Jay Cutler every week to believe in the Bears, just be aware that their ability to create turnovers on defense and Matt Forte's running ability are good enough to carry this team far once the weather gets frigid.
5. Baltimore Ravens
It may not seem right that the Baltimore Ravens didn't move up after beating Dallas, but it all depends on how you look at it. Yes, the Ravens won, but they barely pulled off the victory and likely lost one of their best players in doing so.
The Ravens could make a case for the AFC's best team, but the injuries on defense are adding up. With Terrell Suggs and now Lardarius Webb out, Baltimore is down two of their best players. Ray Lewis doesn't look at all like himself this year, and that alone is causing the Baltimore run defense to struggle.
Still, once the playoffs arrive, it will be tough to bet against the Ravens. Their talent, leadership and style of play are great in a win-or-go-home setting.
4. San Francisco 49ers
So much for a revenge game. The San Francisco 49ers' Week 6 loss to the New York Giants was all too familiar to those who saw the team taken apart by the Vikings in Week 3. Now it's back to the drawing board to see how the Giants were able to dominate the once unbeatable Niners defense.
In both losses the 49ers have struggled with turnovers, which forced them to abandon their game plan of heavy run and two tight end sets. Once the San Francisco offense becomes pass happy, things fall apart. This isn't a team built to play from behind, not with Alex Smith at quarterback.
We'll find out soon enough if the 49ers' loss was a fluke or proof that the team we called the "most complete team in the NFL" isn't quite as tough as we all thought. One thing is for sure: Jim Harbaugh's team needs to get a win this week to stay ahead in the NFC West. Both Seattle and Arizona are currently tied with the 49ers at 4-2.
3. New York Giants
The New York Giants thoroughly and completely dominated San Francisco. For that they see a nice move up in the power rankings.
It wasn't just the defense, or even Eli Manning. Instead the Giants were prepared for what San Francisco wanted to do on offense, and they made Alex Smith pay for it with pressure and turnovers. San Francisco was never able to establish the run or set the tempo after the first quarter, instead focusing on a comeback attempt.
It's been said before, but if the Giants can play like this consistently, they'll win another Super Bowl. The struggle is getting the team motivated to play with as much fire every week.
2. Houston Texans
Now that the Houston Texans have lost a game, how will they respond?
The loss of Brian Cushing was obviously felt versus Green Bay, and even Week 5, but how will his absence play out for the rest of the season? The Texans looked like a different team Sunday night, and while some of that credit goes to the Packers' play, it's concerning that the defense was picked apart so thoroughly.
The good news is that not many are of Aaron Rodgers' caliber, and in a division that's by far the worst in the league right now, Houston will have no trouble cruising to an AFC South title and at least the No. 2 seed in the AFC.
Once in the playoffs, the Texans will be a very tough team to beat. The key will be how well they play in Week 7 versus Baltimore.
1. Atlanta Falcons
The NFL's only undefeated team may not always win pretty, but they find a way to get the job done. At some point, what the Atlanta Falcons are doing goes beyond luck and starts to look a lot like talent.
We've known for years that the Falcons had the players to make a Super Bowl run, but Mike Smith's club is playing their best ball this year. Even when Matt Ryan has a three-interception day, the defense is able to bail the offense out and secure the win.
Over the course of a season, great teams are defined by how they win the ugly games. The Falcons are proving they can win in a blowout or when all hope looks lost. That experience will come in handy once the playoffs come around.
As of Week 7, the Atlanta Falcons are the favorites to win the Super Bowl.
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| http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1371031-nfl-power-rankings-where-does-every-team-rank-heading-into-week-7/page/33 | dclm-gs1-283680002 | false | false | {
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0.021858 | <urn:uuid:a2bc95da-45e2-4e15-82e1-0b446233c129> | en | 0.970059 | Super Bowl XLIV was the epilogue to a football season in dire need of a better ending (if only Sopranos fans had such a luxury).
I’m not saying the game provided a well-written one but, at least once New Orleans defeated Indianapolis, the city was redeemed.
Drew Brees was apparently crowned with “elite status” (according to ESPN analysts, it is a magical title only attainable after winning the big game), and the debate over whether Peyton Manning is the greatest quarterback ever was put to rest.
All season, the Colts thrived on being a cool, calm and collected team led by a cool, calm, and collected coach. Sometimes though, you need a little emotion to pull out a win, and that was clearly what Sean Payton injected into his squad during halftime.
The onside kick at the start of the third quarter was extremely gutsy and changed the atmosphere of the game. The Saints built on that momentum and never looked back. On the other hand, Colts head coach Jim Caldwell looked like a deer in the headlights.
I joked with friends that Saints' kicker Garrett Hartley was the MVP. But seriously, the dude deserves all the credit in the world.
Kickers in the playoffs have been more off-the-mark than Taylor Swift performing during the Grammys; yet, the second-year player easily knocked down three kicks beyond 40 yards.
Peyton Manning made some surprisingly bone-headed decisions in the fourth quarter (easy for me to say as I type this, eating cupcakes).
Manning made it so obvious to Saints corner back Tracy Porter that he was about to throw to Reggie Wayne, that Porter simply stepped in and easily took the interception to the house.
Later, with 1:16 left in the game, Manning committed a brain fart and called a timeout. The cameras zoomed in on him trying to get out of it, but the damage was done.
I know his decision didn’t ultimately matter, but imagine if the Colts had scored with a minute left.
What if Matt Stover didn’t land the onside kick (which he probably wouldn’t have)?
The game would have been over without three timeouts left for Indy to call.
Still, let’s not overreact about Manning losing this game too much. He’s still one of the 10 best quarterbacks of all time, with two to four more years left of being a legitimate contender for a Super Bowl.
Drew Brees certainly joined a new group of quarterbacks after winning it all, but for some reason, I can’t think of him as one of the greatest ever.
Maybe I need some time for his win to sink in, or maybe he just needs more great seasons to be considered one of the best. He is two years younger than Manning and has the weapons to be a Super Bowl contender for years to come.
The overwhelming consensus from my co-Super Bowl party mates was that the commercials were disappointing.
The Doritos commercials tried to milk the let’s-be-super-random-and-appeal-to-the-young-adult-YouTube audience. It failed miserably.
Most of the Bud Light ads weren’t very funny, either.
Here are a few that were a bit better:
The Budweiser commercial with the horse and the longhorn, who either fell in love or were really good buddies. As one of my friends said, “Guys will laugh because it’s so over-the-top stupid, and the girls will laugh for the same reason, while thinking it’s cute.”
Both of the E-Trade baby commercials were entertaining.
The CareerBuilder commercial with all the guys walking around in briefs and tighty whities was gross, but definitely stuck out.
The commercial with Megan Fox. Because it’s Megan Fox. Honestly, I don’t even remember what she was advertising.
Oh, and to finish off the notes about stuff not relevant to the actual Super Bowl, I found the halftime show boring once again.
I understand one generation loves The Who, but another (mine) has no idea about anything they’ve done.
Let’s get someone who represents the middle ground, or my age, since that’s at whom all the commercials were aimed. Beyonce and Jay-Z would be nice, and they wouldn’t commit any Justin Timberlake/Janet Jackson mistakes either.
Looking 10 years into the future, I have a feeling this will be looked at as a pretty forgettable Super Bowl.
I understand the significance of New Orleans’ championship for the city, but the Saints have a great chance at winning another title before the decade is over.
Peyton Manning will still be one of the greatest players ever, although this game did keep him from reaching the absolute pinnacle of his position. The final score (31-17) makes it tough to get too excited when thinking back to Feb. 7, 2010.
Even all of the Las Vegas bettors who went for the over/under on which celebrity would be shown on TV more (either Kim Kardashian or Archie Manning) came up with a goose egg—unless you count a little glimpse of Kardashian after the Saints won it all.
Still, if there is one thing to remember, it’s that the team supposedly better than New Orleans got beaten down during the fourth quarter. That is a testament to the hard work that the Saints and coach, Sean Payton put in all season long.
That’s what makes sports so exciting: expecting one team to win, then seeing the underdog come up with a heroic performance.
Portions of this article are also available on | http://bleacherreport.com/articles/341846-just-a-so-so-super-bowl | dclm-gs1-283700002 | false | false | {
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0.135981 | <urn:uuid:5ead04c7-cf07-4107-b453-00cac49d86d2> | en | 0.884953 | Dynamics AX Manufacturing R&D Team blog
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• Blog Post: Logging and Tracing Dynamics AX MRP Runs
Understanding why software acts like it does can be an overwhelming task. There can be discrepancies between what we expect a program to do and what it actually does. The more complex a program is the more likely we are to experience these discrepancies. Master planning (MRP) in Microsoft Dynamics...
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0.057763 | <urn:uuid:f1ac9f07-ddf8-4651-9cc2-314a38be9078> | en | 0.972962 | Thursday, 29 July 2010
Taft-Hartley Revisited
David Macaray writes:
—George Meany
Mr. Piccolo said...
Exactly. This is why I think the labor unions need to ultimately make worker-ownership and management of enterprises the major goal of the labor movement, and not just higher wages or more benefits.
Had the workers owned and operated their own factories, they never would have been shipped off to China or Mexico and perhaps even more importantly, wages would not have stagnated in the 1970s but would have kept rising with increased productivity thanks to new technology. This would have avoided many of the economic problems we face today, which have largely grown out of the stagnation or decline of wages in America since the 1970s.
There are already some hopeful signs that some unions understand this. For example, the United Steelworkers are partnering with MONDRAGON to help establish cooperatives in North America.
Here is a link to the press release if anyone is interested:
Ed said...
The author gets to a key point about US politics below. In US elections, there is really no place for an anti-corporatist American voter, even someone very mildly anti-corporatist or someone who dissents on a few specific issues, to go. All you have are the occasional renegade from the two pro-corporatist parties. | http://davidaslindsay.blogspot.com/2010/07/taft-hartley-revisited.html | dclm-gs1-283870002 | false | false | {
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0.43353 | <urn:uuid:a1eb8c75-08ca-4b29-aaa0-00c5ecec01d9> | en | 0.942267 | Take the tour ×
I am watching a TV program where they are restoring a ruin into a cottage. One thing that left me aghast is the fact that the roof was made with flat, very heavy stone tiles. Ater they rebuild the roof frame with wood, they put the tiles back on the wood by drilling the tiles and using a long nail down through the wood. It's just a matter of time that the nice british weather promotes rust on the nails and a 50 kg tile slides down to kill the poor chap walking by.
I have no knowledge of roof restoration, even less with such unusual tiling, but what is the proper procedure to fasten them without breeding disaster ?
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2 Answers
up vote 3 down vote accepted
You can buy special metal brackets for roof tiles:
Most of the roofs I have seen have used nails, and only in certain places, relying for the most part on the friction and weight of the roof tiles to hold them in place. Whether brackets are required depends on wind speed, wind direction, subroof type, roof angle, roof shape, height, and other factors.
Regardless of whether you use brackets, nails, or screws, they must be stainless, galvanized, or otherwise protected from corrosion. Nails must have ring-threaded shanks.
(Source: manufacturer's instructions for various roof tiles sold in Norway. Check your local building codes and the instructions provided by the manufacturer of your roof tiles.)
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Your image has gone MIA. Can you remember what it was and where you found it originally? – Niall C. May 14 '12 at 14:58
@NiallC: I can't remember where I found it, but I asked on the meta if it's possible to retrieve the original URL so I can hunt around the source site. – Vebjorn Ljosa May 14 '12 at 15:17
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In Australia, roof tiles are often concrete. They aren't really fastened to the beams at all (a hole and nail every dozen tiles or so is all), but are shaped so they interlock in such a way that the weight of tiles above them holds them in place.
They can't slide down, they have a lip over the beam and another tile overlapping the join - you'd have to remove the (fastened down) capstones at the top to have any hope of removing them.
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0.038754 | <urn:uuid:baae26b6-cb2d-4e9d-ac3a-523783f6c894> | en | 0.905947 | Siebel Data Quality Administration Guide > Siebel Data Quality Concepts >
Calculation of Match Scores
After SDQ identifies candidate records, they are sent to the third-party software. which calculates a match score from 0 to 100 to indicate the degree of similarity between the candidate records and the current record.
The algorithms used to calculate match scores are complex. These algorithms are the intellectual property of third party software vendors; Siebel Systems cannot provide details about how these algorithms work.
The way in which match scores are calculated differs for the Matching Server and Universal Connector as described in the following topics.
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0.069158 | <urn:uuid:33f3e17f-5825-4e0d-bc00-fe942bf7eaab> | en | 0.93085 | Navigation path
ICT & Art Connect
Future Vision on art and ICT: Information and Communication Technology -ICT - and art connect to help boost together change and creativity in Europe.
ICT can enhance our capacity to sense the world, but an artwork can reach us more deeply. It is increasingly becoming part of our lives. It has changed our social habits and altered our perceptions of both ourselves and the world around us. Art does exactly the same, but art does more, it can provide unexpected representations of the world and thereby provoke new insights. How art togther with ICT can help us to perceive societal challenges in new ways and to find creative solutions?
A conscious dialogue between art and ICT could stimulate novel solutions to technological and societal challenges. It could lead to new designs for ICT. Such a dialogue could also provide a new conceptual base to argue about technology and its role in society.
A first workshop was organised in 2012. Documents can be found here: .
Based on this workshop we will now proceed further in 2013 -2014 towards a realisation of this future common vision for art and ICT.
Many exciting events to develop and facilatte collaborations across ICT and Art are currently taking place and being planned and you can find out all about them and how to get invoved on our website:
Like us on Facebook here:
Follow us on Twitter @ICTArt
Join us on LinkedIn
The greatest challenge to this future is in facilitating ICT and Art Connections in such a way that both parties feel strong benefits from working together.
Through faciliating sucessful collaborations between ICT and Art we will have an opportunity to showcase the benefits widely to other potential collaborative partnerships and facilitate innovative co-creation projects that will put Europe at the forefront of new research whist ensuring that citizens are fully engaged in debates around the new technologies that will impact their future lives.
How can we stimulate the dialogue between art and ICT?
What can ICT bring to art and what can art bring to ICT?
How can artists contribute?
What novel solutions could we imagine?
How can co-creation between art and ICT best be facilitated?
How can art and ICT collaboration best enhance citizen engagement in new innovations in ICT?
Related Projects
No projects provided yet.
Underpinning policy ideas
Driving trends | http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/futurium/en/content/ict-art-connect | dclm-gs1-283980002 | false | false | {
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0.025102 | <urn:uuid:ad08b8c2-d673-4215-b5e7-34896ec1bb8e> | en | 0.936858 | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Chain shot)
Jump to: navigation, search
French chain shot
In artillery, a chain-shot is an obsolete type of naval ammunition formed of two sub-calibre balls, or half-balls, chained together. Bar shot is similar, but joined by a solid bar. They were used in naval warfare in the age of sailing ships and black powder cannons to shoot masts, or to cut the shrouds and any other rigging of a target ship.[1]
Chain shot was used by the defenders of Magdeburg in May 1631 as an anti-personnel load, which according to counselor Otto von Guericke was one reason for the extreme violence of the victorious attackers.[2]
An example of bar shot
Chain shot was normally not used as an anti-personnel load; this role was fulfilled more effectively and at lower cost by canister shot or grapeshot.
In modern times, the effect is replicated in shotguns with the use of Bolo shells — a pair of slugs connected by a strong wire.[4] They are banned in several jurisdictions, including Florida[5] and Illinois.[6]
2. ^ Otto von Guericke: Geschichte der Belagerung, Eroberung und Zerstoerung von Magdeburg, 2. Auflage 1882, S. 16ff.
3. ^ "Pirate Tech". Modern Marvels. 2006-07-09.
4. ^ Of Dragon's Breath and hammer-shells: from bizarre to basic, these shotshells can 'lighten-up' your life! | Guns Magazine | Find Articles at
5. ^ Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes : Online Sunshine
6. ^ Public Act 92-0423 of the 92nd General Assembly | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_shot | dclm-gs1-284030002 | false | false | {
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0.041218 | <urn:uuid:1b4f1079-de6c-45c3-a26e-686cd859bd8a> | en | 0.911676 | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Chance (Ancient Greek concept))
Jump to: navigation, search
Indeterminism is the concept that events (certain events, or events of certain types) are not caused, or not caused deterministically (cf. causality) by prior events. It is the opposite of determinism and related to chance. It is highly relevant to the philosophical problem of free will, particularly in the form of metaphysical libertarianism.
In science, most specifically quantum theory in physics, indeterminism is the belief that no event is certain and the entire outcome of anything is a probability. The Heisenberg uncertainty relations and the “Born rule”, proposed by Max Born, are often starting points in support of the indeterministic nature of the universe. Indeterminism is also asserted by Sir Arthur Eddington, and Murray Gell-Mann. Indeterminism has been promoted by the French biologist Jacques Monod's essay "Chance and Necessity". The physicist-chemist Ilya Prigogine argued for indeterminism in complex systems.
Causation without determinism[edit]
A number of philosophers have argued that lack of determinism does not entail absence of causation.
Necessary but insufficient causation[edit]
Indeterminists do not have to deny that causes exist. Instead, they can maintain that the only causes that exist are of a type that do not constrain the future to a single course; for instance, they can maintain that only necessary and not sufficient causes exist. The necessary/sufficient distinction works as follows;
If x is a necessary cause of y; then the presence of y necessarily implies that x preceded it. The presence of x, however, does not imply that y will occur.
As Daniel Dennett points out in Freedom Evolves, it is possible for everything to have a necessary cause, even while indeterminism holds and the future is open, because a necessary cause does not lead to a single inevitable effect. Thus "everything has a cause" is not a clear statement of determinism.
Probabilistic causation[edit]
Intrinsic indeterminism versus unpredictability[edit]
A distinction is generally made between indeterminism and the mere inability to measure the variables (limits of precision). This is especially the case for physical indeterminism (as proposed by various interpretations of quantum mechanics). Yet some philosophers have argued that indeterminism and unpredictability are synonymous.[2]
One of the important philosophical implications of determinism is that, according to incompatibilists, it undermines many versions of free will. Correspondingly, believers in free will often appeal to physical indeterminism. (See compatibilism for a third option.)
The first major philosopher to argue convincingly for some indeterminism was probably Aristotle. First he described a causal chain back to a prime mover or first cause, and he elaborated the four possible causes (material, efficient, formal, and final). Aristotle's word for these causes was αἰτίαι (aitiai, as in aetiology), which translates as causes in the sense of the multiple factors responsible for an event. Aristotle did not subscribe to the simplistic "every event has a (single) cause" idea that was to come later.
Then, in his Physics and Metaphysics, Aristotle also said there were "accidents" caused by "chance (τύχη, tukhe)." In his Physics, he clearly reckoned chance among the causes. Aristotle might have added chance as a fifth cause - an uncaused or self-caused cause - one he thought happens when two causal chains come together by accident (συμβεβηκός, sumbebekos). He noted that the early physicists had found no place for chance among their causes.
Aristotle opposed his accidental chance to necessity:
Nor is there any definite cause for an accident, but only chance (τυχόν), namely an indefinite (ἀόριστον) cause. (Metaphysics, Book V, 1025a25)2a
The first concept of chance is found in the Atomism of Leucippus, often confused with that of Democritus, though, in fact, the last studies show many differences between the two. The first assertion about chance is the of Leucippus fragment that says:
"ὁ τοίνυν κόσμος συνέστη περικεκλασμένῳ σχήματι ἐσχηματισμένος τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον. τῶν ἀτόμων σωμάτων ἀπρονόητον καὶ τυχαίαν ἐχόντων τὴν κίνησιν συνεχῶς τε καὶ τάχιστα κινουμένων"
"The cosmos, then, became like a spherical form in this way: the atoms being submitted to a casual and unpredictable movement, quickly and incessantly".[4]
Early modern philosophy[edit]
In 1729 theTestament of Jean Meslier states:
"The matter, by virtue of its own active force, moves and acts in blind manner".[5]
Soon after Julien Offroy de la Mettrie in his L'Homme Machine. (1748, anon.) wrote:
"Perhaps, the cause of man existence is just in existence itself? Perhaps he is by chance thrown in some point of this terrestrial surface without any how and why".
In his Anti-Sénèque [Traité de la vie heureuse, par Sénèque, avec un Discours du traducteur sur le même sujet, 1750] we read:
"Then, the chance had thrown us in life".[6]
In the 19th century the French Philosopher Antoine-Augustin Cournot theorized chance in a new way, as series of not-linear causes. He wrote in Essai sur les fondements de nos connaissances (1851):
"It is not because of rarity that the chance is actual. On the contrary, it is because the chance them produces among many possible others."[7]
Charles Peirce[edit]
Tychism (Greek: τύχη "chance") is a thesis proposed by the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce in the 1890s.[8] It holds that absolute chance, also called spontaneity, is a real factor operative in the universe. It may be considered both the direct opposite of Einstein's oft quoted dictum that: "God does not play dice with the universe" and an early philosophical anticipation of Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Peirce does not, of course, assert that there is no law in the universe. On the contrary, he maintains that an absolutely chance world would be a contradiction and thus impossible. Complete lack of order is itself a sort of order. The position he advocates is rather that there are in the universe both regularities and irregularities.
Karl Popper comments[9] that Peirce's theory received little contemporary attention, and that other philosophers did not adopt indeterminism until the rise of quantum mechanics.
Arthur Holly Compton[edit]
Compton welcomed the rise of indeterminism in 20th century science, writing:
"In my own thinking on this vital subject I am in a much more satisfied state of mind than I could have been at any earlier stage of science. If the statements of the laws of physics were assumed correct, one would have had to suppose (as did most philosophers) that the feeling of freedom is illusory, or if [free] choice were considered effective, that the laws of physics ... [were] unreliable. The dilemma has been an uncomfortable one".[12]
Karl Popper[edit]
In his essay Of Clouds and Cuckoos, included in his book Objective Knowledge, Popper contrasted "clouds", his metaphor for indeterministic systems, with "clocks", meaning deterministic ones. He sided with indeterminism, writing
"I believe Peirce was right in holding that all clocks are clouds to some considerable degree — even the most precise of clocks. This, I think, is the most important inversion of the mistaken determinist view that all clouds are clocks"[13]
Popper was also a promoter of propensity probability.
Robert Kane[edit]
Kane is one of the leading contemporary philosophers on free will.[14][15] Advocating what is termed within philosophical circles "libertarian freedom", Kane argues that "(1) the existence of alternative possibilities (or the agent's power to do otherwise) is a necessary condition for acting freely, and (2) determinism is not compatible with alternative possibilities (it precludes the power to do otherwise)".[16] It is important to note that the crux of Kane's position is grounded not in a defense of alternative possibilities (AP) but in the notion of what Kane refers to as ultimate responsibility (UR). Thus, AP is a necessary but insufficient criterion for free will. It is necessary that there be (metaphysically) real alternatives for our actions, but that is not enough; our actions could be random without being in our control. The control is found in "ultimate responsibility".
What allows for ultimate responsibility of creation in Kane's picture are what he refers to as "self-forming actions" or SFAs — those moments of indecision during which people experience conflicting wills. These SFAs are the undetermined, regress-stopping voluntary actions or refrainings in the life histories of agents that are required for UR. UR does not require that every act done of our own free will be undetermined and thus that, for every act or choice, we could have done otherwise; it requires only that certain of our choices and actions be undetermined (and thus that we could have done otherwise), namely SFAs. These form our character or nature; they inform our future choices, reasons and motivations in action. If a person has had the opportunity to make a character-forming decision (SFA), he is responsible for the actions that are a result of his character.
Mark Balaguer[edit]
Mark Balaguer, in his book Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem[17] argues similarly to Kane. He believes that, conceptually, free will requires indeterminism, and the question of whether the brain behaves indeterministically is open to further empirical research.
In probability theory, a stochastic process /stˈkæstɪk/, or sometimes random process, is the counterpart to a deterministic process (or deterministic system). Instead of dealing with only one possible reality of how the process might evolve under time (as is the case, for example, for solutions of an ordinary differential equation), in a stochastic or random process there is some indeterminacy in its future evolution described by probability distributions. This means that even if the initial condition (or starting point) is known, there are many possibilities the process might go to, but some paths may be more probable and others less so.
Classical and relativistic physics[edit]
The idea that Newtonian physics proved causal determinism was highly influential in the early modern period. "Thus physical determinism [..] became the ruling faith among enlightened men; and everybody who did not embrace this new faith was held to be an obscurantist and a reactionary".[18] However: "Newton himself may be counted among the few dissenters, for he regarded the solar system as imperfect, and consequently as likely to perish".[19]
Classical chaos is not usually considered an example of indeterminism, as it can occur in deterministic systems such as the three-body problem.
John Earman has argued that most physical theories are indeterministic.[20][21] For instance, Newtonian physics admits solutions where particles accelerate continuously, heading out towards infinity. By the time reversibility of the laws in question, particles could also head inwards, unprompted by any pre-existing state. He calls such hypothetical particles "space invaders".
John D. Norton has suggested another indeterministic scenario, where a particle is initially situated on the exact apex of an inverted dome.[22]
Branching space-time is a theory uniting indeterminism and the special theory of relativity. The idea was originated by Nuel Belnap.[23] The equations of general relativity admit of both indeterministic and deterministic solutions.
Ludwig Boltzmann, was one of the founders of statistical mechanics and the modern atomic theory of matter. He is remembered for his discovery that the second law of thermodynamics is a statistical law stemming from disorder. He also speculated that the ordered universe we see is only a small bubble in much larger sea of chaos. The Boltzmann brain is a similar idea. He can be considered one of few indeterminists to embrace pure chance.
Evolution and biology[edit]
Darwinian evolution has an enhanced reliance on the chance element of random mutation compared to the earlier evolutionary theory of Herbert Spencer. However, the question of whether evolution requires genuine ontological indeterminism is open to debate[24]
In the essay Chance and Necessity (1970) Jacques Monod rejected the role of final causation in biology, instead arguing that a mixture of efficient causation and "pure chance" lead to teleonomy, or merely apparent purposefulness.
The Japanese theoretical population geneticist Motoo Kimura emphasises the role of indeterminism in evolution. According to neutral theory of molecular evolution: "at the molecular level most evolutionary change is caused by random drift of gene mutants that are equivalent in the face of selection.[25]
Prigogine asserts that Newtonian physics has now been "extended" three times, first with the use of the wave function in quantum mechanics, then with the introduction of spacetime in general relativity and finally with the recognition of indeterminism in the study of unstable systems.
Quantum mechanics[edit]
However, the advent of quantum mechanics removed the underpinning from that approach, with the claim that (at least according to the Copenhagen interpretation) the most basic constituents of matter at times behave indeterministically. This comes from the collapse of the wave function, in which the state of a system upon measurement cannot in general be predicted. Quantum mechanics only predicts the probabilities of possible outcomes, which are given by the Born rule. Non-deterministic behavior upon wavefunction collapse is not only a feature of the Copenhagen interpretation, with its observer-dependence, but also of objective collapse theories.
Opponents of quantum indeterminism suggested that determinism could be restored by formulating a new theory in which additional information, so-called hidden variables ,[28] would allow definite outcomes to be determined. For instance, in 1935, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen wrote a paper titled "Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?" arguing that such a theory was in fact necessary to preserve the principle of locality. In 1964, John S. Bell was able to define a theoretical test for these local hidden variable theories, which was reformulated as a workable experimental test through the work of Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt. The negative result of the 1980s tests by Alain Aspect ruled such theories out, provided certain assumptions about the experiment hold. Thus any interpretation of quantum mechanics, including deterministic reformulations, must either reject locality or reject counterfactual definiteness altogether. David Bohm's theory is the main example of a non-local deterministic quantum theory.
The many-worlds interpretation is said to be deterministic, but experimental results still cannot be predicted: experimenters do not know which 'world' they will end up in. Technically, counterfactual definiteness is lacking.
A notable consequence of quantum indeterminism is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which prevents the simultaneous accurate measurement of all a particle's properties.
Primordial fluctuations are density variations in the early universe which are considered the seeds of all structure in the universe. Currently, the most widely accepted explanation for their origin is in the context of cosmic inflation. According to the inflationary paradigm, the exponential growth of the scale factor during inflation caused quantum fluctuations of the inflaton field to be stretched to macroscopic scales, and, upon leaving the horizon, to "freeze in". At the later stages of radiation- and matter-domination, these fluctuations re-entered the horizon, and thus set the initial conditions for structure formation.
Neuroscientists such as Bjoern Brembs and Christof Koch believe thermodynamically stochastic processes in the brain are the basis of free will, and that even very simple organisms such as flies have a form of free will.[29] Similar ideas are put forward by some philosophers such as Robert Kane.
Other views[edit]
Against Einstein and others who advocated determinism, indeterminism — as championed by the English astronomer Sir Arthur Eddington — says that a physical object has an ontologically undetermined component that is not due to the epistemological limitations of physicists' understanding. The Uncertainty Principle, then, would not necessarily be due to hidden variables but to an indeterminism in nature itself.[30]
Determinism and indeterminism are examined in Causality and Chance in Modern Physics by David Bohm. He speculates that, since determinism can emerge from underlying indeterminism (via the law of large numbers), and that indeterminism can emerge from determinism (for instance, from classical chaos), the universe could be conceived of as having alternating layers of causality and chaos.[31]
• Schimbera, Jürgen / Schimbera, Peter (2010) (in German), Determination des Indeterminierten. Kritische Anmerkungen zur Determinismus- und Freiheitskontroverse, Hamburg: Verlag Dr. Kovac, ISBN 978-3-8300-5099-5
• Lejeunne, Denis. 2012. The Radical Use of Chance in 20th Century Art, Rodopi. Amsterdam
See also[edit]
1. ^ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Interpretations of Philosophy
2. ^ Popper, K (1972). Oxford Clarendon Press. p. 220. "Indeterminism — or, more precisely physical indeterminism — is merely the doctrine that not all events in the physical world are predetermined with absolute precision" Unknown parameter |name= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
3. ^ Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book VI, 1027a29
4. ^ H.Diels-W.Kranz Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, Berlin Weidmann 1952, 24, I, 1
5. ^ Meslier,J. The Testament.
6. ^ Jde La Mettrie,J.O.:Anti-Sénèque
7. ^ Cournot,A.A: Essai sur les fondements de nos connaissances et sur les caractères de la critique philosophique, § 32.
8. ^ Peirce, C. S.: The Doctrine of Necessity Examined, The Monist, 1892
9. ^ Popper, K: Of Clouds and Cuckoos, included in Objective Knowledge, revised, 1978, p231.
10. ^ SCIENCE, 74, p.1911, August 14, 1931.
11. ^ "Science and Man’s Freedom", in The Cosmos of Arthur Holly Compton, 1967, Knopf, p.115
12. ^ Commpton, A.H. The Human Meaning of Science p. ix
13. ^ Popper, K: Of Clouds and Cuckoos, included in Objective Knowledge, revised, 1978, p215.
14. ^ Kane, R. (ed.) Oxford Handbook of Free Will
15. ^ Information Philosophers "Robert Kane is the acknowledged dean of the libertarian philosophers writing actively on the free will problem."
16. ^ Kane (ed.): Oxford Handbook of Free Will, p. 11.
17. ^ Notre Dame Reviews: Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem
18. ^ Popper, K: Of Clouds and Cuckoos, included in Objective Knowledge, revised, 1978, p212.
19. ^ Popper, 1978, citing, Henry Pemberton's A View of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy
20. ^ Earman, J. Determinism: What We Have Learned, and What We Still Don't Know
21. ^ The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Causal Determinism
22. ^ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Causal Determinism
23. ^ Conference on Branching Space Time
24. ^ Millstein, R.L.: Is the Evolutionary Process Deterministic or Indeterministic
25. ^ Kimura, M. The neutral theory of molecular evolution, (The Science, No. 1, 1980, p.34)
26. ^ End of Certainty by Ilya Prigogine pgs 162 to 185 Free Press; 1 edition (August 17, 1997) ISBN 978-0-684-83705-5 [1]
27. ^ End of Certainty by Ilya Prigogine pgs 19 to 21 Free Press; 1 edition (August 17, 1997) ISBN 978-0-684-83705-5 [2]
28. ^ Cosmos MAgazine: How Much Free Will Do We Have
29. ^ BBC Science: Free Will Similar in Animals, Humans — But Not So Free
31. ^ Bohm, D: Causality and Chance in Modern Physics, pp 29-33
External links[edit] | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chance_(Ancient_Greek_concept) | dclm-gs1-284040002 | false | false | {
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0.158819 | <urn:uuid:e69fad6c-403b-4b4a-9d21-c235561f6ee3> | en | 0.926811 | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Funeral pyre)
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An Ubud cremation ceremony in 2005
Traditionally, pyres are used for the cremation of the deceased in the Hindu and Sikh religions, a practice which dates back several thousands of years.[1] Funeral pyres were also used in Viking culture, typically on floating boats, as well as by the Romans.[2]
Funeral pyres were used by the Nazis to cremate the bodies of 1,500,000+ Jews in Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka extermination camps, as opposed to the crematoria used in other camps. Pyres have also been used to dispose of large quantities of livestock in agriculture, particularly those infected with disease.[2]
Environmental impact in India[edit]
A traditional Hindu funeral pyre takes six hours and burns 500–600 kilograms (1,102–1,323 pounds) of wood to burn a body completely.[3] Every year fifty to sixty million trees are burned during cremations in India, which results in about eight million tonnes of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions.[3] Air pollution, deforestation and large quantities of ash, which are later thrown into rivers, adding to the toxicity of their waters, pose great environmental problems.
Western world and legality[edit]
Whilst funeral pyres are still used in several cultures, they are very uncommon and even illegal in some cultures, particularly in the Western World.[2] Despite cremation being commonplace, open air cremations in the United Kingdom were thought to be unlawful under the Cremation Act 1902 – although in recent years, some have taken place amongst immigrant communities.[2] In February, 2010, a court of appeals in the United Kingdom ruled that a cremation on an open pyre would be legal inside of a building with an open roof, well away from roads and homes.[4] In the US, a group in Crestone, Colorado has done the research, obtained the necessary legal permissions and created a permanent cement pyre structure to perform around 12 “open-air cremations” a year.[5]
See also[edit]
2. ^ a b c d Fernando, Shehani (14 July 2006). "The question: Why are funeral pyres illegal?". The Guardian (UK). Retrieved 19 January 2011.
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0.114348 | <urn:uuid:e1602cf5-bf1c-4ed7-9077-c173dafaac14> | en | 0.93273 | Logudorese dialect
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Logudorese Sardinian
Sardu Logudoresu, Logudoresu
Native to Italy
Region Sardinia
Native speakers 500,000 (1993)[1]
Language family
Language codes
ISO 639-3 src
Linguasphere 51-AAA-sa
Sardinia Language Map.png
Languages and dialects of Sardinia
Logudorese Sardinian (Sardinian: Sardu Logudoresu, Italian: Sardo Logudorese) is a standardised variety of Sardinian, often considered the most conservative of all Romance languages. Its ISO 639-3 code is src.
Latin G and K before /i, e/ were not palatalized in it, in stark contrast with all other Romance languages. Compare Logudorese kentu with Italian cento /ˈtʃɛnto/, Spanish ciento /θiento/ and French cent /sã/.
Outside Sardinia, the language is also spoken in Northern Italy due to the migration that took place after World War II. Many Sardinians moved to Turin, Milan and Genoa for economic reasons. Outside Italy, large Sardinian populations can be found in Australia and Germany.
Logudorese is intelligible to those from the southern part of Sardinia, where Campidanese Sardinian is spoken, and partly unintelligible to those from the extreme north of the island, where Corsican–Sardinian dialects are spoken. Italian speakers can hardly understand Logudorese: Sardinian is not a dialect of Italian as is often noted.
Location and distribution[edit]
The name refers to the area of Logudoro (term originated as corrupt blending of the kingdom's name of Logu de Torres) in which it is spoken, mainly a northern subregion of the island of Sardinia which mainly defers to Ozieri (Othieri) and Nuoro (Nùgoro) for culture and language, as well as history, with important particularities in the western area, where the most important town is Ittiri. Roughly it is an area of 150 × 100 km, with some 500 000–700 000 inhabitants.
Origins and features[edit]
The language's origins have been investigated by several authors; Eduardo Blasco Ferrer's investigation is one of the most thorough. The language derives from Latin, and has been influenced by Catalan and Spanish due to the dominion of the Crown of Aragon and later the Spanish Empire over the island. Logudorese is the northern macro-dialect of the Sardinian language, the southern macro-dialect being Campidanese, spoken in the southern half of the island. The two variants share a clear common origin and history, but have experienced somewhat different developments.
Though the language is typically Romance, some words in it are not of Latin origin, and often are of uncertain etymology. One such is "nura", found in "nuraghe", the main form of pre-Roman building, hence the term for the pre-Roman era as the Nuragic Period. Various place names similarly have roots which defy analysis.
Perhaps the most interesting feature of Logudorian is that, due to the particular history of the area, it has suffered very little contamination and has changed very slowly from Vulgar Latin in comparison to other Latin languages, even though in terms of vocabulary it is not as close to its Latin ancestor as Italian. That said, Campidanese in contrast at times shows more archaic features than Logudorese, particularly in its verb forms, such as. e.g. the retention of the 3rd person plural in -nt(), reduced to -n() in Logudorese.
Subvariants of the dialect[edit]
Logudorese has a number of dialects, some confined to individual villages or valleys. Though such differences can be noticeable, all the dialects are mutually intelligible, and share some mutual intelligibility with the neighbouring Campidanese dialects.
A large body of Sardinian poetry, songs and literature is composed in Logudorese.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
1. ^ Logudorese Sardinian reference at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013) | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logudorese_dialect | dclm-gs1-284090002 | false | false | {
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0.018799 | <urn:uuid:b8312c62-696b-4dfa-b00f-9748cb1855c5> | en | 0.959735 | Revenge-class battleship
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HMS Royal Oak (08).jpg
HMS Royal Oak
Class overview
Name: Revenge class
Operators: Royal Navy and (one ship as "war loan", 1944–45) Soviet Navy
Preceded by: Queen Elizabeth class
Succeeded by: N3 class (planned)
Nelson class (actual)
In commission: 1916–1949
Planned: 8
Completed: 5
Cancelled: 3 (2 re-ordered to different design)
Lost: 1
General characteristics
Type: Battleship
Displacement: 29,150 tons standard
33,500 tons full load
Length: 624 ft (190 m)
Beam: 88.5 ft (27.0 m)
Draught: 28.6 ft (8.7 m)
Propulsion: Steam turbines, 4 shafts
24 boilers
26,500 shp (20 MW)
Speed: 21 knots (39 km/h)
Complement: 997–1,150
• Belt: 13 in (330 mm) amidships; 4–6 in (102–152 mm) ends
• Deck: up to 5 in (127 mm)
• Turrets: 13 in (330 mm) faces; 5 in (127 mm) sides; 5 in (127 mm) roof
• Barbettes: up to 10 in (254 mm)
• Citadel: 11 in (279 mm)
The Revenge-class battleships (listed as Royal Sovereign class in several editions of Jane's Fighting Ships, as with the 1919[1] and 1931 editions, and sometimes also known as the "R" class) were five battleships of the Royal Navy, ordered as World War I loomed on the horizon, and launched in 1914–1916. There were originally to have been eight of the class, but two were later redesigned, becoming the Renown-class battlecruisers, while the other, which was to have been named HMS Resistance, was cancelled.
The ships of the class were slower and smaller than the preceding Queen Elizabeth-class battleships. Despite sometimes being referred to as the "Royal Sovereign class", official documents from World War I clearly state that the class was known as the Revenge class;[citation needed] the confusion apparently even extended to the Grand Fleet's commander, Admiral of the Fleet Jellicoe, as they are mentioned in both fashions in his voluminous The Grand Fleet 1914–1916: Its Creation, Development and Work---as the Revenge class in some places[2] as well as the Royal Sovereign class in others.[3] The ships have also been referred to on occasion as the "R" class.
They were designed to be able to use both coal and oil as fuel sources. This was partially due to fears over the total reliance of the Queen Elizabeth class on oil as their fuel source, which was a first for a British class of dreadnought battleships. At that time, oil could only be obtained from overseas sources, while high-quality coal was readily available in the British Isles, and there seemed to be a possibility that oil supplies might not be able to be maintained during wartime, thus placing crippling restrictions on the usefulness of the five Queen Elizabeths. The unusual design of the Revenge class was a response to these concerns. They were also designed to be cheaper than the Queen Elizabeths. This was achieved by reducing their size and using lower power engines—their slim single funnel design makes them easy to distinguish from the Queen Elizabeths, which had twin funnels (or thick trunked funnels after being rebuilt during the interwar years).
Armour protection[edit]
Anti-torpedo bulges were included, which provided superb protection against attacks by torpedo for its time, but due to the increasing power of torpedo warheads, proved to be not enough[4] for Royal Oak when she was torpedoed at Scapa Flow in 1939.
In accordance with contemporary practice, the Revenges were fitted with 6 inch secondary batteries. The heavier guns were intended to combat the larger classes of destroyers entering service but in practice proved to be somewhat too heavy to be of practical use against light craft. Additionally, their low positioning made them largely unworkable in heavy seas—a flaw shared with the similarly equipped Iron Duke and Queen Elizabeth-class battleships.
The Revenge class brought to a close the tale of Royal Navy World War I battleship construction. For subsequent British capital ships, see Renown-class battlecruisers that fought in World War I, HMS Hood which was laid down during World War I, the Nelson-class battleships laid down in 1922, the King George V-class battleships built before World War II, and the world's last battleship, HMS Vanguard. For other battleships that were acquired as "war purchases", see HMS Erin, HMS Canada, and HMS Agincourt.
Ships in class[edit]
• Revenge took part in the Battle of Jutland, sustaining no damage and receiving no casualties. In World War II, Revenge undertook a number of operations, including the hunt for the Bismarck,[5] though by 1944 she became a training ship. She was scrapped in 1948.
See also[edit]
• Gardiner, Robert and Randall Gray. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1985. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
• Jane, Fred T.; Surgeon-Lt. R.N. Dr. Oscar Parkes (co-ed.) , Maurice Prendergast (co-ed.) (1990) [1st. Pub. 1919], Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I, Jane's Publishing (reprint, Military Press, New York; dist. by Crown Publishers), ISBN 0-517-03375-5
• Archibald, E.H.H. (1987) [1984, 1st. Pub. 1972], The Fighting Ship of the Royal Navy, London: Blandford Press (reprint, Military Press, New York; dist. by Crown Publishers), ISBN 0-517-63332-9
• Bercuson & Herwig (2003), The Destruction of the Bismarck, New York, NY: The Overlook Press, ISBN 1-58567-397-8
• Jellicoe, John (1919), The Grand Fleet 1914-1916 : Its Creation, Development and Work, New York: George H. Doran, p. 288, ISBN 0-946958-50-5, retrieved 26 May 2012 </ref>
1. ^ Jane 1990, p. 35.
2. ^ Jellicoe 1919, p. 288.
3. ^ Jellicoe 1919, p. 303,308.
4. ^ Archibald 1987, p. 169.
5. ^ a b Bercuson & Herwig 2003, p. 174-175.
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0.022982 | <urn:uuid:5b20d5dc-4573-48f1-8f79-8ab935eb714c> | en | 0.673107 | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gandhāran texts
Pali Canon
1st Council
2nd Council
3rd Council
4th Council
First Sangha
├ Ekavyāvahārika
├ Lokottaravāda
├ Bahuśrutīya
├ Prajñaptivāda
└ Caitika
├ Mahīśāsaka
├ Dharmaguptaka
├ Kāśyapīya
├ Sarvāstivāda
└ Vibhajyavāda
└ Theravāda
The Udānavarga is an early Buddhist collection of topically organized chapters (Sanskrit: varga) of aphoristic verses or "utterances" (Sanskrit: udāna) attributed to the Buddha and his disciples. While not part of the Pali Canon, the Udānavarga has many chapter titles, verses and an overall format similar to those found in the Pali Canon's Dhammapada and Udāna. At this time, there exist one Sanskrit recension, two Chinese recensions and two or three Tibetan recensions of the Udānavarga.[1]
The Udānavarga has around 1100 verses in 33 chapters. The chapter titles[2] are:
1. Anityavarga
2. Kāmavarga
3. Tṛṣṇāvarga
4. Apramādavarga
5. Priyavarga
6. Śīlavarga
7. Sucaritavarga
8. Vācavarga
9. Karmavarga
10. Śraddhāvargas
11. Śramaṇavarga
12. Mārgavarga
13. Satkāravarga
14. Drohavarga
15. Smṛtivarga
16. Prakirṇakavarga
17. Udakavarga
18. Puṣpavarga
19. Aśvavarga
20. Krodhavarga
21. Tathāgatavarga
22. Śrutavarga
23. Ātmavarga
24. Peyālavarga
25. Mitravarga
26. Nirvāṇavarga
27. Paśyavarga
28. Pāpavarga
29. Yugavarga
30. Sukhavarga
31. Cittavarga
32. Bhikṣuvarga
33. Brāhmaṇavarga
Comparatively, the most common version of the Dhammapada, in Pali, has 423 verses in 26 chapters.[3] Comparing the Udānavarga, Pali Dhammapada and the Gandhari Dharmapada, Brough (2001) identifies that the texts have in common 330 to 340 verses, 16 chapter headings and an underlying structure.[4]
The Udānavarga is attributed to the Sarvāstivādins.[5]
Hinuber suggests that a text similar to the Pali Canon's Udāna formed the original core of the Sanskrit Udānavarga, to which verses from the Dhammapada were added.[6] Brough allows for the hypothesis that the Udānavarga, the Pali Dhammapada and the Gandhari Dharmapada all have a "common ancestor" but underlines that there is no evidence that any one of these three texts might have been the "primitive Dharmapada" from which the other two evolved.[4]
The Tibetan Buddhist and Chinese Buddhist canons' recensions are traditionally said to have been compiled by Dharmatrāta.[7]
See also[edit]
1. ^ Ānandajoti (2007), pp. vi, n. 5, vii-viii.
2. ^ Bernhard (1965).
3. ^ See, e.g., Ānandajoti (2007), p. 1.
4. ^ a b Brough (2001), pp. 23-30.
5. ^ See, e.g., Brough (2001), pp. 38-41.
6. ^ Hinuber (2000), pp. 45 (§89), 46 (§91).
7. ^ Brough (2001), pp. 39-40. While acknowledging the traditional view, Brough also refers to a statement by Nāgārjuna that might suggest that this work was initially collected at "the time of the original compilation of the canon ... immediately after the Nirvāṇa of the Buddha" while Dharmatrāta contributed the commentaries (p. 40).
• Ānandajoti Bhikkhu (2nd rev., 2007). A Comparative Edition of the Dhammapada. Retrieved 2008-09-16 from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/C3-Comparative-Dhammapada/Comparative-Dhammapada.pdf.
• Bernhard, Franz (ed.) (1965). Udānavarga. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht. Retrieved 2008-09-18 in an expanded format by Ānandajoti Bhikkhu (version 2.1, January 2006) from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/S1-Udanavarga/index.htm.
• Brough, John (2001). The Gandhari Dharmapada. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.
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0.073779 | <urn:uuid:f3b558a7-29fa-4301-b103-2e4919297c2d> | en | 0.973385 | Wars of the Roses
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Wars of the Roses
Choosing the Red and White Roses.jpg
Painting by Henry Payne in 1908 of the historically apocryphal scene in the Temple Garden, from Shakespeare's play Henry VI, Part 1, where supporters of the rival factions pick either red or white roses
Date 1455–1485
Location England, Wales, Calais
• Initial Yorkist victories leading to over twenty years of Yorkist rule
• Final Lancastrian victory
Yorkshire rose.svg House of York Lancashire rose.svg House of Lancaster
Commanders and leaders
Edward of Norwich Arms.svg Richard, Duke of York
Coat of Arms of Edward IV of England (1461-1483).svg Edward IV of England
Coat of Arms of Richard III of England (1483-1485).svg Richard III of England
Coat of Arms of Henry VI of England (1422-1471).svg Henry VI of England
Margaret of Anjou Arms.svg Margaret of Anjou
England Arms 1405-white label.svg Edward of Westminster
Coat of Arms of Henry VII of England (1485-1509).svg Henry VII of England
The Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York for the throne of England. They were fought in several sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1485, although there was related fighting both before and after this period. They resulted from the social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years' War, combined with the minority and weak rule of Henry VI, which revived interest in the alternative claim to the throne of Richard, Duke of York. The final victory went to a relatively remote Lancastrian claimant, Henry Tudor, who defeated the last Yorkist king Richard III and married Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth of York to unite the two houses. The House of Tudor subsequently ruled England and Wales until 1603.
Name and symbols[edit]
The name "Wars of the Roses" refers to the Heraldic badges associated with the two royal houses, the White Rose of York and the Red Rose of Lancaster. It came into common use in the nineteenth century after the publication of Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott.[1] Scott based the name on a scene in William Shakespeare's play Henry VI Part 1, set in the gardens of the Temple Church, where a number of noblemen and a lawyer pick red or white roses to show their loyalty to the Lancastrian or Yorkist faction respectively. The Yorkist faction used the symbol of the white rose from early in the conflict, but the Lancastrian red rose was apparently introduced only after the victory of Henry Tudor at the Battle of Bosworth, when it was combined with the Yorkist white rose to form the Tudor rose, which symbolised the union of the two houses.[2]
Most of the participants in the wars wore livery badges associated with their immediate lords or patrons under the prevailing system of so-called "bastard feudalism".[3] For example, Henry Tudor's forces at Bosworth fought under the banner of a red dragon, while the Yorkist army used Richard III's personal device of a white boar.
Though the names of the rival houses derive from the cities of York and Lancaster, the corresponding duchies had little to do with these cities. The lands and offices attached to the Duchy of Lancaster were mainly in Gloucestershire, North Wales and Cheshire, while estates and castles that were part of the Duchy of York (and the Earldom of March, which Richard of York also inherited) were spread throughout England, though many were in the Welsh Marches.[4]
Summary of events[edit]
A near-contemporary Flemish picture of the Battle of Barnet in 1471.
Henry of Bolingbroke had established the House of Lancaster on the throne in 1399 when he deposed his cousin Richard II and was crowned as Henry IV. Bolingbroke's son Henry V maintained the family's hold on the crown, but when Henry V died in 1422, his heir was the infant Henry VI. The Lancastrian claim to the throne descended from John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, the third surviving son of Edward III. Henry VI's right to the crown was challenged by Richard, Duke of York, who could claim descent from Edward's second and fourth surviving sons, Lionel of Antwerp and Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York. Richard of York, who had held several important offices of state, quarrelled with prominent Lancastrians at court and with Henry VI's queen, Margaret of Anjou.
Origins of the conflict[edit]
The state of the realm[edit]
The rule of male primogeniture generally applied to the royal succession. Since The Anarchy, caused by the death of King Henry I of England in 1135 without a male heir, was brought to an end by the accession of his grandson Henry II, there had been no major conflicts over the succession. From the deposition of Richard II in 1399 to the end of the fifteenth century, however, the crown was the focus of discontent, partly because of the rise of what Sir John Fortescue, writing in the 1460s, called "the over-mighty subject".[5] Owing largely to the number of sons produced by King Edward III, too many leading subjects had a claim to the throne or aspired to be the power behind it.[6]
Richard II (depicted c. 1390)
The prime movers in the Wars of the Roses were members of the landed aristocracy, including royal dukes, marquesses and earls (relatively few in number), and a greater number of barons, knights and landed gentry.[7] Many controlled huge estates and enjoyed political alliances that put at their disposal large numbers of feudal retainers and tenants; in addition, the practice of keeping large numbers of paid men-at-arms (known as "maintenance") increased a nobleman's prestige, often measured in terms of his "affinity", (i.e., those bound by contract to serve him),[8] who wore his "livery" (a uniform and badge) and accompanied him on military campaigns. In return, the nobleman paid pensions, provided protection and granted financial rewards.[8] Through "livery and maintenance", the decline of feudalism in the wake of the Hundred Years War was replaced by an unofficial system whereby the nobleman was served by liveried retainers under contract or indenture.[8] Since kings relied upon their nobles to furnish them with troops when necessary, it was in their interests to maintain good relations with the aristocracy and gentry who, if provoked, could compete with them in terms of armed strength. Likewise, a king was duty bound to prevent power struggles between his lords, since these could impact the stability of the realm in addition to the threat to his own position that they presented.[9] Following defeat in the Hundred Years' War, English landowners complained vociferously about the financial losses resulting from the loss of their continental holdings; this is often considered a contributory cause of the Wars of the Roses.[10]
At the same time, the middle class was growing more prosperous and influential through its mercantile interests. The slow decline of the wool trade after 1450 was offset by increased demand from abroad, not only for woollen cloth, but for tin, lead, leather and other products. Calais, which remained in English hands after the rest of England's French territories were lost in 1453, was the chief wool market, attracting merchants from all over Europe. The importance of retaining Calais was therefore crucial for the nation's continued prosperity. During the Wars of the Roses, however, Calais also came to be seen as a potential place of refuge for those who had fallen from power, and even as a springboard for the potential invasion of England.[11]
From the beginning of Henry VI's reign in 1422, complaints about corruption, public disorder, riots and the maladministration of justice, became widespread.[12] One of the biggest threats to law and order came from soldiers returning from the wars in France. Short of money, accustomed to violence, and now freed from military discipline, many took to a life of brigandage and law-breaking. Some of these entered the service of noblemen as part of their private armies. Although the King's Council governed the country in the name of the young king, it was unable to control the magnates. The chronicler John Hardyng wrote: "In every shire, with jacks and sallets clean, misrule doth rise and maketh neighbours war". Most criminals appear to have got away with their crimes. Of those who were caught, many were acquitted while others were granted pardons issued in the name of Henry VI.[12]
The rules of military engagement changed as civil war succeeded overseas campaigns. It was customary for the heavy cavalry to fight entirely on foot.[13] In several cases, noblemen dismounted and fought among the common foot-soldiers, to inspire them and to dispel the notion that in the case of defeat they might be ransomed while the common soldiers, being of little value, faced death. It was often claimed, however, that the nobles faced greater risks than the ordinary soldiers. There was little incentive for anyone to take prisoner any high-ranking noble during or immediately after a battle. During the Hundred Years' War against France, a captured noble would be able to ransom himself for a large sum, but in the Wars of the Roses, there was little incentive to take high-ranking prisoners as a captured noble who belonged to a defeated faction had a high chance of being executed as a traitor. For example, forty-two captured knights were executed after the Battle of Towton.[14] The Burgundian observer Philippe de Commines, who met Edward IV in 1470, reported:
King Edward told me in all the battles which he had won, as soon as he had gained victory, he mounted his horse and shouted to his men that they must spare the common soldiers and kill the lords of which none or few escaped.
Even those who escaped execution might be declared attainted, and therefore possessing no property, and of no value to a captor.[15]
Disputed succession[edit]
The "race of powerful magnates" was created by King Edward III in the fourteenth century. Edward and his wife Philippa of Hainault had thirteen children, including five sons who grew to maturity. Edward arranged strong marriages for them with English heiresses and created the first ever English dukedoms: Cornwall, Clarence, Lancaster, York and Gloucester. The descendants of these dukes would "ultimately challenge each other for the throne itself".[16]
Edward III was succeeded in 1377 by his nine-year-old grandson Richard II, whose father, Edward, the Black Prince, had died in 1376. Edward III's second son, Lionel of Antwerp, the first Duke of Clarence, had also predeceased him and left one daughter, Philippa, who became heiress presumptive to Richard II. Philippa married Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, but the couple died within a month of each other in 1381. The childless Richard II named their son, Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, as his heir presumptive, but Roger Mortimer too died, in 1398, leaving a young son, Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March. When the Black Prince's line failed, primogeniture would have dictated the crown passing to Edmund Mortimer, as the descendant of Lionel of Antwerp. When Richard II's throne was usurped by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, the normal line of succession was by-passed and this was a crucial issue in what became known as the Wars of the Roses.[17]
Richard II's government became highly unpopular beyond his strongholds in Cheshire and Wales, and he exiled Bolingbroke, the son of Edward III's third son John of Gaunt. When Bolingbroke returned from exile in 1399, initially to reclaim his rights as Duke of Lancaster, he took advantage of the support of most of the nobles to depose Richard and was crowned King Henry IV. There was little support for the counter-claim of the young Edmund Mortimer, but the Mortimer family's claim to the throne was a pretext for the major rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr in Wales, and other, less successful, revolts in Cheshire and Northumberland.
Henry IV's son and successor, Henry V, inherited a temporarily pacified nation, and his military success against France in the Hundred Years' War bolstered his popularity, enabling him to strengthen the Lancastrian hold on the throne. Nevertheless, one notable conspiracy against Henry took place during his nine-year reign: the Southampton Plot, led by Richard, Earl of Cambridge, a son of Edmund of Langley, the fourth son of Edward III. Cambridge was executed in 1415, for treason, at the start of the campaign that led to the Battle of Agincourt. Cambridge's wife, Anne Mortimer, who had died in 1411, was the daughter of Roger Mortimer and thus a descendant of Lionel of Antwerp. Her brother Edmund, Earl of March, who had loyally supported Henry, died childless in 1425 and his claim and titles thus passed to Anne's descendants.
Richard, Duke of York, the son of Cambridge and Anne Mortimer, was four years old at the time of his father's execution. Although Cambridge was attainted, Henry later allowed Richard to inherit the title and lands of Cambridge's elder brother Edward, Duke of York, who had died fighting alongside Henry at Agincourt and had no issue. Henry, who had three younger brothers and was himself in his prime and recently married, had no doubt that the Lancastrian right to the crown was secure. Henry's premature death led to his only son coming to the throne as an infant and the country being ruled by regents. Henry V's younger brothers produced no surviving legitimate issue, leaving only distant cousins (the Beauforts) as alternative Lancaster heirs, and thus Richard of York's claim to the throne became more significant, placing him in a position to threaten the weak King Henry VI.
Henry VI[edit]
Henry V died unexpectedly in 1422 and his son, King Henry VI of England, ascended the throne as an infant only nine months old. After the death of his uncle, John, Duke of Bedford in 1435, he was surrounded by quarrelsome councillors and advisors. Henry's surviving paternal uncle, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, sought to be named Protector and deliberately courted the popularity of the common people for his own ends,[18] but was opposed by Cardinal Beaufort and William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, who were blamed for mismanaging the government and poorly executing the continuing Hundred Years' War with France. Under Henry VI, virtually all English holdings in France, including the land won by Henry V, were lost.
Suffolk eventually succeeded in having Humphrey of Gloucester arrested for treason. Humphrey died while awaiting trial in prison at Bury St Edmunds in 1447. Some authorities date the start of the War of the Roses from the death of Humphrey. However, with severe reverses in France, Suffolk was stripped of office and was murdered on his way to exile. Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset succeeded him as leader of the party seeking peace with France. The Duke of York, who had succeeded Bedford as Lieutenant in France, meanwhile represented those who wished to prosecute the war more vigorously, and criticised the court, and Somerset in particular, for starving him of funds and men during his campaigns in France. In all these quarrels, Henry VI had taken little part. He was seen as a weak, ineffectual king. In addition, he suffered from episodes of mental illness that he may have inherited from his grandfather Charles VI of France. By 1450 many considered Henry incapable of carrying out the duties and responsibilities of a king.
Henry VI
In 1450, there was a violent popular revolt in Kent, Jack Cade's rebellion. The grievances were extortion by some of the king's officials and the failure of the courts to protect the local property-owners of all classes. The rebels occupied parts of London, but were driven out by the citizens after some of them fell to looting. The rebels dispersed after they were supposedly pardoned but several, including Cade, were later executed.[19]
Two years later, Richard of York returned to England from his new post as Lieutenant of Ireland and marched on London, demanding Somerset's removal and reform of the government. At this stage, few of the nobles supported such drastic action, and York was forced to submit to superior force at Blackheath. He was imprisoned for much of 1452 and 1453[20] but was released after swearing not to take arms against the court.
The increasing discord at court was mirrored in the country as a whole, where noble families engaged in private feuds and showed increasing disrespect for the royal authority and for the courts of law. The Percy-Neville feud was the best-known of these private wars, but others were being conducted freely. In many cases they were fought between old-established families, and formerly minor nobility raised in power and influence by Henry IV in the aftermath of the rebellions against him. The quarrel between the Percys—long the Earls of Northumberland—and the comparatively upstart Nevilles followed this pattern, as did the feud between the Courtenays and Bonvilles in Cornwall and Devon.[21] A factor in these feuds was the presence of large numbers of soldiers discharged from the English armies that had been defeated in France. Nobles engaged many of these to mount raids, or to pack courts of justice with their supporters, intimidating suitors, witnesses and judges.
This growing civil discontent, the abundance of feuding nobles with private armies, and corruption in Henry VI's court formed a political climate ripe for civil war. With the king so easily manipulated, power rested with those closest to him at court, in other words Somerset and the Lancastrian faction. Richard and the Yorkist faction, who tended to be physically placed further away from the seat of power, found their power slowly being stripped away. Royal power also started to slip, as Henry was persuaded to grant many royal lands and estates to the Lancastrians.
In 1453, Henry suffered the first of several bouts of complete mental collapse, during which he failed even to recognise his new-born son, Edward of Westminster. A Council of Regency was set up, headed by the Duke of York, who still remained popular with the people, as Lord Protector. York soon asserted his power with ever-greater boldness (although there is no proof that he had aspirations to the throne at this early stage). He imprisoned Somerset and backed his Neville allies (his brother-in-law, the Earl of Salisbury, and Salisbury's son, the Earl of Warwick), in their continuing feud with the Earl of Northumberland, a powerful supporter of Henry.
Henry recovered in 1455 and once again fell under the influence of those closest to him at court. Directed by Henry's queen, the powerful and aggressive Margaret of Anjou, who emerged as the de facto leader of the Lancastrians, Richard was forced out of court. Margaret built up an alliance against Richard and conspired with other nobles to reduce his influence. An increasingly thwarted Richard (who feared arrest for treason) finally resorted to armed hostilities in 1455.
Start of the war[edit]
Richard the Duke of York led a small force toward London and was met by Henry's forces at St Albans, north of London, on 22 May 1455. The relatively small First Battle of St Albans was the first open conflict of the civil war. Richard's aim was ostensibly to remove "poor advisors" from King Henry's side. The result was a Lancastrian defeat. Several prominent Lancastrian leaders, including Somerset and Northumberland, were killed. After the battle, the Yorkists found Henry hiding in a local tanner's shop, abandoned by his advisors and servants, apparently having suffered another bout of mental illness. (He had also been slightly wounded in the neck by an arrow.)[22] York and his allies regained their position of influence. With the king indisposed, York was again appointed Protector, and Margaret was shunted aside, charged with the king's care.
For a while, both sides seemed shocked that an actual battle had been fought and did their best to reconcile their differences, but the problems that caused conflict soon re-emerged, particularly the issue of whether Richard the Duke of York, or Henry and Margaret's infant son Edward, would succeed to the throne. Margaret refused to accept any solution that would disinherit her son, and it became clear that she would only tolerate the situation for as long as the Duke of York and his allies retained the military ascendancy.
Henry recovered and in February 1456 he relieved York of his office of Protector.[23] In the autumn of that year, Henry went on royal progress in the Midlands, where the king and queen were popular. Margaret did not allow him to return to London where the merchants were angry at the decline in trade and the widespread disorder. The king's court was set up at Coventry. By then, the new Duke of Somerset was emerging as a favourite of the royal court. Margaret persuaded Henry to revoke the appointments York had made as Protector, while York was made to return to his post as lieutenant in Ireland.
Disorder in the capital and the north of England (where fighting between the Nevilles and Percys had resumed[24]) and piracy by French fleets on the south coast were growing, but the king and queen remained intent on protecting their own positions, with the queen introducing conscription for the first time in England. Meanwhile, York's ally, Warwick (later dubbed "The Kingmaker"), was growing in popularity in London as the champion of the merchants.
In the spring of 1458, Thomas Bourchier, the Archbishop of Canterbury, attempted to arrange a reconciliation. The lords had gathered in London for a Grand Council and the city was full of armed retainers. The Archbishop negotiated complex settlements to resolve the blood-feuds that had persisted since the Battle of St. Albans. Then, on Lady Day (25 March), the King led a "love day" procession to St. Paul's Cathedral, with Lancastrian and Yorkist nobles following him, hand in hand.[24] No sooner had the procession and the Council dispersed than plotting resumed.
The Act of Accord[edit]
Ludlow Castle, South Shropshire
The next outbreak of fighting was prompted by Warwick's high-handed actions as Captain of Calais. He led his ships in attacks on neutral Hanseatic League and Spanish ships in the Channel on flimsy grounds of sovereignty. He was summoned to London to face enquiries, but he claimed that attempts had been made on his life, and returned to Calais. York, Salisbury and Warwick were summoned to a royal council at Coventry, but they refused, fearing arrest when they were isolated from their own supporters.[25][26]
York summoned the Nevilles to join him at his stronghold at Ludlow Castle in the Welsh Marches. On 23 September 1459, at the Battle of Blore Heath in Staffordshire, a Lancastrian army failed to prevent Salisbury from marching from Middleham Castle in Yorkshire to Ludlow. Shortly afterwards the combined Yorkist armies confronted the much larger Lancastrian force at the Battle of Ludford Bridge. Warwick's contingent from the garrison of Calais under Andrew Trollope defected to the Lancastrians, and the Yorkist leaders fled. York returned to Ireland, and his eldest son, Edward, Earl of March, Salisbury and Warwick fled to Calais.
The Lancastrians were back in total control. York and his supporters were attainted as traitors. Somerset was appointed Governor of Calais and was dispatched to take over the vital fortress on the French coast, but his attempts to evict Warwick were easily repulsed. Warwick and his supporters even began to launch raids on the English coast from Calais, adding to the sense of chaos and disorder. Being attainted, only a successful invasion would restore the Yorkists' lands and titles. Warwick travelled to Ireland to concert plans with York, evading the royal ships commanded by the Duke of Exeter.[27]
In late June 1460, Warwick, Salisbury and Edward of March crossed the Channel and rapidly established themselves in Kent and London, where they enjoyed wide support. Backed by a papal emissary who had taken their side, they marched north. King Henry led an army south to meet them while Margaret remained in the north with Prince Edward. At the Battle of Northampton on 10 July, the Yorkist army under Warwick defeated the Lancastrians, aided by treachery in the king's ranks. For the second time in the war, King Henry was found by the Yorkists in a tent, abandoned by his retinue, having apparently suffered another breakdown. With the king in their possession, the Yorkists returned to London.
In the light of this military success, Richard of York moved to press his claim to the throne based on the illegitimacy of the Lancastrian line. Landing in north Wales, he and his wife Cecily entered London with all the ceremony usually reserved for a monarch. Parliament was assembled, and when York entered he made straight for the throne, which he may have been expecting the Lords to encourage him to take for himself as they had acclaimed Henry IV in 1399. Instead, there was stunned silence. York announced his claim to the throne, but the Lords, even Warwick and Salisbury, were shocked by his presumption; they had no desire at this stage to overthrow King Henry. Their ambition was still limited to the removal of his councillors.
The next day, York produced detailed genealogies to support his claim based on his descent from Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence and was met with more understanding. Parliament agreed to consider the matter and accepted that York's claim was better, but by a majority of five, they voted that Henry VI should remain as king. A compromise was struck in October 1460 with the Act of Accord, which recognised York as Henry's successor, disinheriting Henry's six-year-old son, Edward. York accepted this compromise as the best offer. It gave him much of what he wanted, particularly since he was also made Protector of the Realm and was able to govern in Henry's name.
The death of Richard, Duke of York[edit]
Ruins of Sandal Castle, near Wakefield, West Yorkshire
Queen Margaret and her son had fled to north Wales, parts of which were still in Lancastrian hands. They later travelled by sea to Scotland to negotiate for Scottish assistance. Mary of Gueldres, Queen Consort to James II of Scotland, agreed to give Margaret an army on condition that she cede the town of Berwick to Scotland and Mary's daughter be betrothed to Prince Edward. Margaret agreed, although she had no funds to pay her army and could only promise booty from the riches of southern England, as long as no looting took place north of the River Trent.
The Duke of York left London later that year with the Earl of Salisbury to consolidate his position in the north against the Lancastrians who were reported to be massing near the city of York. He took up a defensive position at Sandal Castle near Wakefield over Christmas 1460. Then on 30 December, his forces left the castle and attacked the Lancastrians in the open, although outnumbered. The ensuing Battle of Wakefield was a complete Lancastrian victory. Richard of York was slain in the battle, and both Salisbury and York's 17-year-old second son, Edmund, Earl of Rutland, were captured and executed. Margaret ordered the heads of all three placed on the gates of York.
Parhelion at sunset
Edward's claim to the throne[edit]
The Act of Accord and the events of Wakefield left the 18-year-old Edward, Earl of March, York's eldest son, as Duke of York and heir to his claim to the throne. With an army from the pro-Yorkist Marches (the border area between England and Wales), he met Jasper Tudor's Lancastrian army arriving from Wales, and he defeated them soundly at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefordshire. He inspired his men with a "vision" of three suns at dawn (a phenomenon known as "parhelion"), telling them that it was a portent of victory and represented the three surviving York sons; himself, George and Richard. This led to Edward's later adoption of the sign of the sunne in splendour as his personal device.
Margaret's army was moving south, supporting itself by looting as it passed through the prosperous south of England. In London, Warwick used this as propaganda to reinforce Yorkist support throughout the south – the town of Coventry switched allegiance to the Yorkists. Warwick's army established fortified positions north of the town of St Albans to block the main road from the north but was outmanoeuvred by Margaret's army, which swerved to the west and then attacked Warwick's positions from behind. At the Second Battle of St Albans, the Lancastrians won another decisive victory. As the Yorkist forces fled they left behind King Henry, who was found unharmed, sitting quietly beneath a tree.
Henry knighted thirty Lancastrian soldiers immediately after the battle. In an illustration of the increasing bitterness of the war, Queen Margaret instructed her seven-year-old son Edward of Westminster to determine the manner of execution of the Yorkist knights who had been charged with keeping Henry safe and had stayed at his side throughout the battle.
As the Lancastrian army advanced southwards, a wave of dread swept London, where rumours were rife about savage northerners intent on plundering the city. The people of London shut the city gates and refused to supply food to the queen's army, which was looting the surrounding counties of Hertfordshire and Middlesex.
Yorkist triumph[edit]
Edward IV
Meanwhile, Edward of March advanced towards London from the west where he had joined forces with Warwick's surviving forces. This coincided with the northward retreat by the queen to Dunstable, allowing Edward and Warwick to enter London with their army. They were welcomed with enthusiasm, money and supplies by the largely Yorkist-supporting city. Edward could no longer claim simply to be trying to free the king from bad councillors; it had become a battle for the crown. Edward needed authority, and this seemed forthcoming when Thomas Kempe, the Bishop of London, asked the people of London their opinion and they replied with shouts of "King Edward". This was quickly confirmed by Parliament, and Edward was unofficially crowned in a hastily arranged ceremony at Westminster Abbey amidst much jubilation, although Edward vowed he would not have a formal coronation until Henry and Margaret were executed or exiled. He also announced that Henry had forfeited his right to the crown by allowing his queen to take up arms against his rightful heirs under the Act of Accord, though it was being widely argued that Edward's victory was simply a restoration of the rightful heir to the throne, which neither Henry nor his Lancastrian predecessors had been. Parliament had accepted this argument the year before.
Edward and Warwick marched north, gathering a large army as they went, and met an equally impressive Lancastrian army at Towton. The Battle of Towton, near York, was the biggest battle of the Wars of the Roses. Both sides agreed beforehand that the issue would be settled that day, with no quarter asked or given. An estimated 40,000—80,000 men took part, with over 20,000 men being killed during (and after) the battle, an enormous number for the time and the greatest recorded single day's loss of life on English soil. Edward and his army won a decisive victory, and the Lancastrians were routed, with most of their leaders slain. Henry and Margaret, who were waiting in York with their son Edward, fled north when they heard the outcome. Many of the surviving Lancastrian nobles switched allegiance to King Edward, and those who did not were driven back to the northern border areas and a few castles in Wales. Edward advanced to take York where he replaced the rotting heads of his father, his brother, and Salisbury with those of defeated Lancastrian lords such as the notorious John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford of Skipton-Craven, who was blamed for the execution of Edward's brother Edmund, Earl of Rutland, after the Battle of Wakefield.
Edward IV[edit]
Edward IV's official coronation took place in June 1461 in London where he received a rapturous welcome from his supporters.
Harlech Castle, Gwynedd, Wales
After the Battle of Towton, Henry VI and Margaret had fled to Scotland, where they stayed with the court of James III and followed through on their promise to cede Berwick to Scotland. Later in the year, they mounted an attack on Carlisle but, lacking money, they were easily repulsed by Edward's men who were rooting out the remaining Lancastrian forces in the northern counties. Several castles under Lancastrian commanders held out for years. Dunstanburgh, Alnwick (the Percy family seat), and Bamburgh were some of the last to fall.
There were Lancastrian revolts in the north of England in 1464. Several Lancastrian nobles, including the third Duke of Somerset, who had apparently been reconciled to Edward, readily led the rebellion. The revolt was put down by Warwick's brother, John Neville. A small Lancastrian army was destroyed at the Battle of Hedgeley Moor on 25 April, but because Neville was escorting Scottish commissioners for a treaty to York, he could not immediately follow up this victory. Then on 15 May, he routed Somerset's army at the Battle of Hexham. Somerset was captured and executed.
The deposed King Henry was later captured for the third time at Clitheroe in Lancashire in 1465. He was taken to London and held prisoner at the Tower of London where, for the time being, he was reasonably well treated. About the same time, once England under Edward IV and Scotland had come to terms, Margaret and her son were forced to leave Scotland and sail to France, where they maintained an impoverished court in exile for several years.[28] The last remaining Lancastrian stronghold was Harlech Castle in Wales, which surrendered in 1468 after a seven-year-long siege.
Warwick's rebellion and the death of Henry VI[edit]
Middleham Castle
The powerful Earl of Warwick ("the Kingmaker") had meanwhile become the greatest landowner in England. Already a great magnate through his wife's property, he had also inherited his father's estates and had been granted much forfeited Lancastrian property. He also held many of the offices of state. He was convinced of the need for an alliance with France and had been negotiating a match between Edward and a French bride. However, Edward had married Elizabeth Woodville, the widow of a Lancastrian knight, in secret in 1464. He later announced the news of his marriage as fait accompli, to Warwick's considerable embarrassment.
This embarrassment turned to bitterness when the Woodvilles came to be favoured over the Nevilles at court. Many of Queen Elizabeth's relatives were married into noble families and others were granted peerages or royal offices. Other factors compounded Warwick's disillusionment: Edward's preference for an alliance with Burgundy rather than France and reluctance to allow his brothers George, Duke of Clarence and Richard, Duke of Gloucester, to marry Warwick's daughters Isabel and Anne. Furthermore, Edward's general popularity was on the wane in this period with higher taxes and persistent disruptions of law and order.
By 1469, Warwick had formed an alliance with Edward's jealous and treacherous brother George, who married Isabel Neville in defiance of Edward's wishes in Calais. They raised an army that defeated the king's forces at the Battle of Edgecote Moor. Edward was captured at Olney, Buckinghamshire, and imprisoned at Middleham Castle in Yorkshire. (Warwick briefly had two Kings of England in his custody.) Warwick had the queen's father, Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and her brother John executed. However, he made no immediate move to have Edward declared illegitimate and place George on the throne.[29] The country was in turmoil, with nobles once again settling scores with private armies (in episodes such as the Battle of Nibley Green), and Lancastrians being encouraged to rebel.[30] Few of the nobles were prepared to support Warwick's seizure of power. Edward was escorted to London by Warwick's brother George, the Archbishop of York, where he and Warwick were reconciled, to outward appearances.
When further rebellions broke out in Lincolnshire, Edward easily suppressed them at the Battle of Losecoat Field. From the testimony of the captured leaders, he declared that Warwick and George had instigated them. They were declared traitors and forced to flee to France, where Margaret of Anjou was already in exile. Louis XI of France, who wished to forestall a hostile alliance between Edward and Edward's brother-in-law Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, suggested the idea of an alliance between Warwick and Margaret. Neither of those two formerly mortal enemies entertained the notion first, but eventually they were brought round to realise the potential benefits. However, both were undoubtedly hoping for different outcomes: Warwick for a puppet king in the form of Henry or his young son; Margaret to be able to reclaim her family's realm. In any case, a marriage was arranged between Warwick's daughter Anne and Margaret's son Edward, and Warwick invaded England in the autumn of 1470.
Battle of Tewkesbury
Edward IV had already marched north to suppress another uprising in Yorkshire. Warwick, with help from a fleet under his nephew, the Bastard of Fauconberg, landed at Dartmouth and rapidly secured support from the southern counties and ports. He occupied London in October, and paraded Henry VI through the streets of London as the restored king. Warwick's brother John Neville, who had recently received the empty title Marquess of Montagu and who led large armies in the Scottish marches, changed loyalties to support his brother. Edward was unprepared for this event and had to order his army to scatter. He and Gloucester fled from Doncaster to the coast, and thence to Holland and exile in Burgundy. They were proclaimed traitors, and many exiled Lancastrians returned to reclaim their estates.
Warwick's success was short-lived, however. He overreached himself with his plan to invade Burgundy in alliance with the King of France, tempted by King Louis' promise of territory in the Netherlands as a reward. This led Edward's brother-in-law, Charles of Burgundy, to provide funds and troops to Edward to enable him to launch an invasion of England in 1471. Edward landed with a small force at Ravenspur on the Yorkshire coast. Initially claiming to support Henry and to be seeking only to have his title of Duke of York restored, he soon gained the city of York and rallied several supporters. His brother Clarence turned traitor again, abandoning Warwick. Having outmanoeuvred Warwick and Montagu, Edward captured London. His army then met Warwick's at the Battle of Barnet. The battle was fought in thick fog, and some of Warwick's men attacked each other by mistake. It was believed by all that they had been betrayed, and Warwick's army fled. Warwick was cut down trying to reach his horse. Montagu also was killed in the battle.
Margaret and her son Edward had landed in the West Country only a few days before the Battle of Barnet. Rather than return to France, Margaret sought to join the Lancastrian supporters in Wales and marched to cross the Severn but was thwarted when the city of Gloucester refused her passage across the river. Her army, commanded by the fourth successive Duke of Somerset, was brought to battle and destroyed at the Battle of Tewkesbury. Prince Edward, the Lancastrian heir to the throne, was killed. With no heirs to succeed him, Henry VI was murdered shortly afterwards, on 14 May 1471, to strengthen the Yorkist hold on the throne.
Richard III[edit]
The restoration of Edward IV in 1471 is sometimes seen as marking the end of the Wars of the Roses proper. Peace was restored for the remainder of Edward's reign. His youngest brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, and Edward's lifelong companion and supporter, William Hastings, were generously rewarded for their loyalty, becoming effectively governors of the north and midlands respectively.[31] George of Clarence became increasingly estranged from Edward, and was executed in 1478 for association with convicted traitors.
When Edward died suddenly in 1483, political and dynastic turmoil erupted again. Many of the nobles still resented the influence of the queen's Woodville relatives (her brother, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers and her son by her first marriage, Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset), and regarded them as power-hungry upstarts and parvenus. At the time of Edward's premature death, his heir, Edward V, was only 12 years old and had been brought up under the stewardship of Earl Rivers at Ludlow Castle.
On his deathbed, Edward had named his surviving brother Richard of Gloucester as Protector of England. Richard had been in the north when Edward died. Hastings, who also held the office of Lord Chamberlain, sent word to him to bring a strong force to London to counter any force the Woodvilles might muster.[32] The Duke of Buckingham also declared his support for Richard.
Richard and Buckingham overtook Earl Rivers, who was escorting the young Edward V to London, at Stony Stratford in Buckinghamshire on 28 April. Although they dined with Rivers amicably, they took him prisoner the next day, and declared to Edward that they had done so to forestall a conspiracy by the Woodvilles against his life. Rivers and his nephew Richard Grey were sent to Pontefract Castle in Yorkshire and executed there at the end of June.
Edward entered London in the custody of Richard on 4 May, and was lodged in the Tower of London. Elizabeth Woodville had already gone hastily into sanctuary at Westminster with her remaining children, although preparations were being made for Edward V to be crowned on 22 June, at which point Richard's authority as Protector would end. On 13 June, Richard held a full meeting of the Council, at which he accused Hastings and others of conspiracy against him. Hastings was executed without trial later in the day.
Princes in the Tower, painted by John Everett Millais
Thomas Bourchier, the Archbishop of Canterbury, then persuaded Elizabeth Woodville to allow her younger son, the 9-year-old Richard, Duke of York, to join Edward in the Tower. Having secured the boys, Richard then alleged that Edward IV's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville had been illegal and that the two boys were therefore illegitimate. Parliament agreed, and enacted the Titulus Regius, which officially named Gloucester as King Richard III. The two imprisoned boys, known as the "Princes in the Tower", disappeared and were possibly murdered; by whom and under whose orders remains controversial. There was never a trial or judicial inquest on the matter.
Having been crowned in a lavish ceremony on 6 July, Richard then proceeded on a tour of the Midlands and the north of England, dispensing generous bounties and charters and naming his own son as the Prince of Wales.
Buckingham's revolt[edit]
Opposition to Richard's rule had already begun in the south when, on 18 October, the Duke of Buckingham (who had been instrumental in placing Richard on the throne and who himself had a distant claim to the crown) led a revolt aimed at installing the Lancastrian Henry Tudor. It has been argued that his supporting Tudor rather than either Edward V or his younger brother, showed Buckingham was aware that both were already dead.[33]
The Lancastrian claim to the throne had descended to Henry Tudor on the death of Henry VI and his son in 1471. Henry's father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, had been a half-brother of Henry VI, but Henry's claim to royalty was through his mother, Margaret Beaufort. She was descended from John Beaufort, who was a son of John of Gaunt and thus a grandson of Edward III. John Beaufort had been illegitimate at birth, though later legitimised by the marriage of his parents. It had supposedly been a condition of the legitimation that the Beaufort descendants forfeited their rights to the crown. Henry had spent much of his childhood under siege in Harlech Castle or in exile in Brittany. After 1471, Edward IV had preferred to belittle Henry's pretensions to the crown, and made only sporadic attempts to secure him. However his mother, Margaret Beaufort, had been twice remarried, first to Buckingham's uncle, and then to Thomas, Lord Stanley, one of Edward's principal officers, and continually promoted her son's rights.
Buckingham's rebellion failed. Some of his supporters in the south rose up prematurely, thus allowing Richard's Lieutenant in the South, the Duke of Norfolk, to prevent many rebels from joining forces. Buckingham himself raised a force at Brecon in mid-Wales. He was prevented from crossing the River Severn to join other rebels in the south of England by storms and floods, which also prevented Henry Tudor landing in the West Country. Buckingham's starving forces deserted and he was betrayed and executed.
The failure of Buckingham's revolt was clearly not the end of the plots against Richard, who could never again feel secure, and who also suffered the loss of his wife and eleven-year-old son, putting the future of the Yorkist dynasty in doubt.
Henry VII[edit]
Henry VII
Many of Buckingham's defeated supporters and other disaffected nobles fled to join Henry Tudor in exile. Richard made an attempt to bribe the Duke of Brittany's chief Minister Pierre Landais to betray Henry, but Henry was warned and escaped to France, where he was again given sanctuary and aid.[34]
Confident that many magnates and even many of Richard's officers would join him, Henry set sail from Harfleur on 1 August 1485 with a force of exiles and French mercenaries. With fair winds, he landed in Pembrokeshire six days later. The officers Richard had appointed in Wales either joined Henry or stood aside. Henry gathered supporters on his march through Wales and the Welsh Marches, and defeated Richard at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Richard was slain during the battle, supposedly by the major Welsh landowner Rhys ap Thomas with a blow to the head from his poleaxe. (Rhys was knighted three days later by Henry VII.)
Henry, having been acclaimed King Henry VII, then strengthened his position by marrying Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV and the best surviving Yorkist claimant. He thus reunited the two royal houses, merging the rival symbols of the red and white roses into the new emblem of the red and white Tudor Rose. Henry shored up his position by executing all other possible claimants whenever any excuse was offered, a policy his son Henry VIII continued.
Many historians consider the accession of Henry VII to mark the end of the Wars of the Roses. Others argue that they continued to the end of the fifteenth century, as there were several plots to overthrow Henry and restore Yorkist claimants. Only two years after the Battle of Bosworth, Yorkists rebelled, led by John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, who had been named by Richard III as his heir but had been reconciled with Henry after Bosworth. The conspirators produced a pretender to the throne, a boy named Lambert Simnel, who bore a close physical resemblance to the young Edward, Earl of Warwick (son of Clarence), the best surviving male claimant of the House of York. This plan was on very shaky ground, because the young earl was still alive and in King Henry's custody and was paraded through London to expose the impersonation. At the Battle of Stoke, Henry defeated Lincoln's army. Lincoln died in the battle. Simnel was pardoned for his part in the rebellion and was sent to work in the royal kitchens.
Henry's throne was again challenged in 1491 with the appearance of the pretender Perkin Warbeck, who claimed to be Richard, Duke of York (the younger of the two Princes in the Tower). Warbeck made repeated attempts to incite revolts, with support at various times from the court of Burgundy and James IV of Scotland. He was captured after the failed Second Cornish Uprising of 1497, and executed in 1499 after attempting to escape imprisonment.
During the reign of Henry VII's son Henry VIII, the possibility of Yorkist challenges to the throne remained until as late as 1525, in the persons of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham; Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk; and his brother Richard de la Pole, all of whom had blood ties to the Yorkist dynasty but were excluded by the pro-Woodville Tudor settlement. To an extent, England's break with Rome was prompted by Henry's fears of a disputed succession should he leave only a female heir to the throne, or an infant who would be as vulnerable as Henry VI had been to antagonistic or rapacious regents.
Aftermath and effects[edit]
Historians still debate the true extent of the conflict's impact on medieval English life, and some revisionists, such as the Oxford historian K. B. McFarlane, suggest that the conflicts during this period have been radically overstated, and that there were, in fact, no Wars of the Roses at all.[35] Many places were largely unaffected by the wars, particularly in the eastern part of England, such as East Anglia.[36]
With their heavy casualties among the nobility, the wars are thought to have continued the changes in feudal English society caused by the effects of the Black Death, including a weakening of the feudal power of the nobles and a corresponding strengthening of the merchant classes, and the growth of a strong, centralised monarchy under the Tudors. It heralded the end of the medieval period in England and the movement towards the Renaissance.
It has also been suggested that the traumatic impact of the wars was exaggerated by Henry VII to magnify his achievement in quelling them and bringing peace. Certainly, the effect of the wars on the merchant and labouring classes was far less than in the long drawn-out wars of siege and pillage in France and elsewhere in Europe, which were carried out by mercenaries who profited from the prolonging of the war. Although there were some lengthy sieges, such as at Harlech Castle and Bamburgh Castle, these were in comparatively remote and sparsely inhabited regions. In the populated areas, both factions had much to lose by the ruin of the country and sought quick resolution of the conflict by pitched battle.[37]
Many areas did little or nothing to change their city defences, perhaps an indication that they were left untouched by the wars. City walls were either left in their ruinous state or only partially rebuilt. In the case of London, the city was able to avoid being decimated by convincing the York and Lancaster armies to stay out after the inability to recreate the once-defensive city walls.[38]
The kings of France and Scotland as well as the dukes of Burgundy played the two factions off against each other, pledging military and financial aid and offering asylum to defeated nobles and pretenders, to prevent a strong and unified England from making war on them. The post-war period was also the death knell for the large standing baronial armies, which had helped fuel the conflict. Henry VII, wary of any further fighting, kept the barons on a very tight leash, removing their right to raise, arm, and supply armies of retainers so that they could not make war on each other or the king. As a result the military power of individual barons declined, and the Tudor court became a place where baronial squabbles were decided with the influence of the monarch.
Few noble houses were actually exterminated during the wars. For example, in the period from 1425 to 1449, before the outbreak of the war, there were as many extinctions of noble lines (25) as occurred during the period of fighting (24) from 1450 to 1474.[39] However, the most openly ambitious nobles died, and by the later period of the wars, fewer nobles were prepared to risk their lives and titles in an uncertain struggle.
In literature[edit]
Important locations in the Wars of the Roses
Chronicles written during the Wars of the Roses include:
• Benet's Chronicle
• Gregory's Chronicle (1189–1469)
• Short English Chronicle (before 1465)
• Hardyng's Chronicle: first version for Henry VI (1457)
• Capgrave (1464)
• Commynes (1464–98)
• Chronicle of the Lincolnshire Rebellion (1470)
• Waurin (before 1471)
• An English Chronicle: AKA Davies' Chronicle (1461)
• Brief Latin Chronicle (1422–71)
• Fabyan (before 1485)
• Rous (1480/86)
• Croyland Chronicle (1449–1486)
• Warkworth's Chronicle (1500?)
Key figures[edit]
A simplified family tree including members of the English royal family
Family tree[edit]
The above-listed individuals with well-defined sides are coloured with red borders for Lancastrians and blue for Yorkists (The Kingmaker changed sides, so he is represented with a purple border)
Edward III
Edward, the Black Prince (firstborn son)
Edmund of Langley (second youngest son. Thomas Woodstock was the youngest)
Lionel of Antwerp (second son)
John of Gaunt (third son)
Philippa Plantagenet
Richard II
Roger Mortimer
Elizabeth Mortimer
Joan Beaufort
Henry IV Bolingbroke
John Beaufort
Richard of Conisburgh
Anne Mortimer
Henry Percy
Eleanor Neville
William Neville
Richard Neville
Henry V
Catherine of Valois
Owen Tudor
John Beaufort
Edmund Beaufort
Richard Plantagenet
Henry Percy
Cecily Neville
Thomas Neville
Richard Neville
John Neville
Margaret of Anjou
Henry VI
Edmund Tudor
Margaret Beaufort
Henry Beaufort
Edmund Beaufort
Edward IV
Richard III
George Plantagenet
Isabel Neville
Anne Neville
Edward of Westminster
Edward V
Elizabeth of York
Henry VII Tudor
Tudor dynasty
The hinge point in the succession dispute is the forced abdication of Richard II and whether it was lawful or not. Following that event, Richard's legitimate successor would be Henry Bolingbroke if strict Salic inheritance were adhered to, or Philippa Plantagenet if the current law of succession of the House of Windsor were adhered to (anachronistically).
See also[edit]
1. ^ Goodwin, introduction p.xix
2. ^ Goodwin, introduction p.xxi
3. ^ Weir, pp.9–10.
4. ^ Rowse, p.109
5. ^ Fortescue, The Governance of England, chapter 9.
6. ^ Weir, p.7.
7. ^ Weir, p.8.
8. ^ a b c Weir, p.9.
9. ^ Weir, p.6.
10. ^ Webster, Bruce. Wars of the Roses. p.40. Luminarium: Encyclopedia Project: "Every version of the complaints put forward by the rebels in 1450 harps on the losses in France."
11. ^ Weir, p.12.
12. ^ a b Weir, p.11.
13. ^ Ingram, Mike (2012). Bosworth 1485: Battle Story. The History Press. p44. ISBN 978-0-7524-6988-1
14. ^ Daily Mail Towton article
15. ^ Sadler (2011), pp.9, 14–15
16. ^ Weir, p.23.
17. ^ Weir, p.24.
18. ^ Royle (2009), pp.160–161
19. ^ Rowse, pp.123–124
20. ^ Rowse, p.125
21. ^ Royle (2009), pp.207–208
22. ^ Farquhar, Michael (2001). A Treasure of Royal Scandals. New York: Penguin Books. p. 131. ISBN 0-7394-2025-9.
23. ^ Rowse, p.136
24. ^ a b Rowse, p.138
25. ^ Rowse, p.139
26. ^ Royle, pp.239–240
27. ^ Rowse, p.140
28. ^ Rowse, pp.155–156
29. ^ Rowse, p.162
30. ^ Baldwin, p.43
31. ^ Baldwin, p.56
32. ^ Rowse, p.186
33. ^ Rowse, p.199
34. ^ Rowse, p.212
35. ^ BBC War of the Roses discussion, In our Time Radio 4 18 May 2000. Accessed 1 May 2010
36. ^ Redstone, Vincent B. (1902). "Social Conditions of England during the Wars of the Roses". Royal Historical Society 16 (1): 159–200. doi:10.2307/3678121.
37. ^ Sadler (2011), p.14
38. ^ Lander, J.R. (1980). Government and Community: England, 1450-1509. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. pp. 363–365. ISBN 0-674-35794-9.
39. ^ Terence Wise and G.A. Embleton, The Wars of the Roses, Osprey Men-at-Arms series, p.4, from K.B.MacFarlane, The Nobility of Later Medieval England, Oxford University Press
• Baldwin, David (2002). Elizabeth Woodville. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-2774-7.
• Goodwin, George (2012). Fatal Colours. Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-7538-2817-5.
• Haigh, Philip A. (1995). The Military Campaigns of the Wars of the Roses. ISBN 0-7509-0904-8.
• Lander, J.R. (1980). Government and Community: England, 1450-1509. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN ISBN 0-674-35794-9 Check |isbn= value (help).
• Peverley, Sarah L. (2004). "66:1". Adapting to Readeption in 1470–1471: The Scribe as Editor in a Unique Copy of John Hardyng’s Chronicle of England (Garrett MS. 142). The Princeton University Library Chronicle. pp. 140–72.
• Pollard, A.J. (1988). The Wars of the Roses. Basingstoke: Macmillan Education. ISBN 0-333-40603-6.
• Royle, Trevor (2009). The Road to Bosworth Field. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-72767-9.
• Sadler, John (2011). Towton: the Battle of Palm Sunday Field 1461. Barnsley: Pen and Sword Military. ISBN 978-1-84415-965-9.
• Seward, Desmond (1995). A Brief History of the Wars of the Roses. London: Constable & Co. ISBN 978-1-84529-006-1.
• Wagner, John A. (2001). Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses. ABC-Clio. ISBN 1-85109-358-3.
• Weir, Alison (1998). Lancaster and York: the Wars of the Roses. ISBN 0-7126-6674-5.
• Wise, Terence; Embleton, G.A. (1983). The Wars of the Roses. London: Osprey Military. ISBN 0-85045-520-0.
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0.061757 | <urn:uuid:2daf3c26-60eb-40e7-8174-3c7824a16eed> | en | 0.961533 | - The Weblog,2011-04-22://14 2013-12-18T04:06:00Z Movable Type 5.031 Humble for PC + Android 8 bundles Little Inferno, Gemini Rue, Hero Academy, Aaaaa!,2013://14.43666 2013-12-18T04:11:00Z 2013-12-18T04:06:00Z John Polson
Humble Bundle has launched its latest cross-platform PC, Android and OST mix, with tactical Fruit Ninja-like Jack Lumber, dystopian adventure-game Gemini Rue, sandbox-puzzler Little Inferno and sky-diving action game Aaaaa! for the Awesome (which also includes the Android version of Aaaaa!!! F=MxA) at the pay-what-you-want level. Beating the average nets two-player chess game Hero Academy and reverse tower defense game Anomaly 2. More games will unlock later, and beating the average now guarantees those, as well.
Demo + PC Pick: Not the Robots,2013://14.43633 2013-12-18T02:00:00Z 2013-12-18T01:52:48Z Tim W. notrobot2a.pngNot the Robots is a procedural-generated stealth game about a robot that has to eat furniture in office buildings. It sounds absurd, but the game is actually tons of fun if given the chance. To travel from one floor to another, you have to devour a set number of office furniture while avoiding detection by deadly robotic drones that shoot at you on sight. Once the objective has been achieved, it's time to sneak to the elevator and ride it to the next level.
]]> The campaign offers increasingly challenging buildings for you to explore, and since permadeath is in effect if you lose you'll have to start back at square one with none of the upgrades you've collected. It's not all bad news though - by acquiring multipliers and bonuses, you can unlock permanent buffs and special upgrades that are automatically applied when playing the story mode in future attempts.
Rushing through a floor is never recommended, and in most situations you'd have to pick the right moment to spawn as well. Some areas require the player to walk over numbered pads first (counting down) before they can proceed with their escape. Health is replenished by collecting medical boxes, and should you find your inventory slots full you can drop an item by holding down the F key for a couple of seconds.
Not the Robots can be purchased now from Steam at a discounted price of $5.99 (40% off, offer ends on 19th December). A demo build is also available to play at Kongregate.
Freeware Pick: One Take film shots are all the rage,2013://14.43662 2013-12-17T21:45:00Z 2013-12-17T21:44:36Z Lena LeRay one_take.jpg
Daniel Haazen opted for a unique interpretation of Ludum Dare 28's You Only Get One theme. In his game, you are a cameraman who must successfully execute a single, long take of a scene. You only get one chance for each scene, and how well you do affects the film's sales.
]]> The game is controlled by mouse, and all you have to do is move it to view different parts of the scene and use your mouse wheel to scroll in and out. The instructions to the side are grey until they activate, becoming black for a time before turning red if you performed badly or green if you did it right. The instructions themselves are humorous, as are the newspaper clippings after each of the three levels to tell you how well the movie fared based on your performance. The last scene is particularly funny.
The game is available for Windows, Mac, and Linux, though Linux users will need to have LOVE installed.
[Play One Take]
First ID@Xbox games for Xbox One likely to hit March 2014, says program's director,2013://14.43656 2013-12-17T19:22:00Z 2013-12-17T19:22:52Z Staff
In a new interview with Edge, Chris Charla, director of Microsoft's Independent Developers @ Xbox (ID@Xbox) program revealed that the platform's first independent games under the program will hit "early in the new year... closer to the third month."
Charla isn't yet sure how many games will hit in the first wave, noting that the titles worked on now are "at all stages of development, honestly."
]]> Charla did not offer comment to Edge on its controversial parity policy, which states that ID@Xbox games must launch on Xbox One at the same time as on other platforms, but instead urged developers to "get in touch with us and talk" about their publishing plans.
Sister site Gamasutra recently spoke to some notable developers who were accepted into the program. Vlambeer's Rami Ismail called it "exactly what Microsoft promised. It's a simple, formalized way to self-publish on Xbox One," while Iron Galaxy's Dave Lang said that "all signs point to it being a really great option for indie publishing."
The current version of the program requires developers who apply to be accepted by Microsoft. Rejection notices have gone out to some applicants, but these allude to the possibility to join in as the program ramps up. Developers who are accepted will receive dev kits from Microsoft; the company plans to later enable retail Xbox One consoles to function as dev kits sometime down the line.
To find out more about ID@Xbox you can read Gamasutra's comprehensive reveal story on the program; you can apply to publish your own games at Microsoft's site.
[Christian Nutt originally wrote this article for Gamasutra]
Browser Pick: GAMEHAX (Zaratustra),2013://14.43649 2013-12-17T17:13:00Z 2013-12-17T17:24:04Z John Polson game hax title.pngYou only get one cheat code at a time in Zaratustra's GAMEHAX, made for the Ludum Dare 28 competition. An exploratory platformer, GAMEHAX will have you collecting stars along the way, but the real upgrades are the codes you find and use.
]]> gamehaxcode.pngZaratustra designed the game space such that you can easily cut and paste the codes you find and place them to the side, which is necessary with how many codes you learn.
You can input the codes before you are supposed to, but that has resulted in a broken game, which I guess is part of the fun with "cheat codes".
Indies publishing indies: Redshirt, 1 month after release,2013://14.43653 2013-12-17T15:02:03Z 2013-12-17T15:02:04Z Staff
[Positech founder Cliff Harris recently made his first splash into video game publishing, having previously worked on numerous of his own titles such as Gratuitous Space Battles and the Democracy series.
Redshirt, created by Mitu Khandaker, has now been available for around a month, with Positech as its publisher -- essentially an indie studio publishing another indie's game. In this one month postmortem of the launch, and as reproduced with permission from Harris, the Positech dev discusses the ins and outs of publishing another indie developer's game.]
]]> So for those who don't know, I am primarily a game developer, but I also published a game by another indie called Redshirt. I didn't write a si line of code, as I recall, although I played it a lot, and sent a lot of emails, and filled out a lot of spreadsheets and forms. So the game has been on sale a while now - how has it gone so far?
redshirt.jpgWell, the main thing is that the game shipped! Yay! It was pretty badly behind schedule, for all sorts of reasons, and took much longer to make than expected. The good news from my point of view is that didn't really matter.
I was funding Redshirt from the profits of Gratuitous Space Battles and Gratuitous Tank Battles, so I wasn't 'in debt' to fund a game that then overran, which would have been stressful. The only real downside to the game shipping late from my point of view was that it clashed horrendously with the release of Democracy 3. This was a pain because it meant constantly context-switching between promoting two different games at once, and meant I spent a lot of time staring at emails from review sites thinking 'what games am I sending them again?' which is definitely a new thing for me.
I'd say that the hardest things about the publishing experience was the grey-areas surrounding design and polish. I'm a bit obsessed with game polish, and this is something that happens right at the end. At that point all you want to do is ship it, and only a lot of experience allows you to sit back and go 'no, actually we should re-do all these buttons again', and know that it will be worth it.
Because the developer (Mitu, from the Tiniest Shark) hadn't worked on game projects this long before, there was a tug of war between her naturally wanting to finally finish the thing and me constantly going 'no I think we need to tweak that again', which almost certainly drove her nuts.
The good thing is, this wasn't a make-or-break project for my company, so I could be fairly relaxed about it, unlike a big faceless publisher that wants to maximize its ROI and frankly doesn't care if it drives everyone on the developers staff to a nervous breakdown or marital breakup. There was no point in being an indie publisher if I wasn't happy to do things differently, and more reasonably.
The other grey-area was design. Mitu definitely designed and made the game. It was her idea. The trouble is, I'm a game designer by trade, so naturally whenever I'd check over a build at a milestone, I'd be frothing with a lot of 'it would be better if you dumped this feature and added this other thing', and to be honest, I still don't really know where you draw that sensible line between 'hands-off publisher' and 'creative partnership'. This is probably the hardest thing about publishing someone else's game.
I've been in heavy metal bands, and the amount of intra-band argument and 'creative differences' you get in a band is huge, but at least in a band (an amateurish one), there isn't a debate about money in there (even an unspoken one). Nobody in a band has any 'power' over anyone else. Everyone needs everyone else. The situation as indie publisher vs developer is different.
redshirt 2.jpgI'll be honest, we never talked this through enough when setting up the deal, but I was always internally rocked by a struggle between 'I think we should change this, and I'm the guy putting up the money' vs 'This is not your game, Cliff. You need to trust the person who has the creative vision'.
This is a real dilemma, and you don't see it coming. My understanding of the movie world is that the 'producer' handles this. He acts as a firewall between the studio and the director to prevent them coming to blows. We didn't have that, just lots of nail biting and chin stroking by me wondering whether I should suggest X or not. Again, an evil money-obsessed publisher wouldn't have let this bother them, but I did. Without getting all sinister sounding, I am aware that in the modern world money = power. Like it or not, I was the one with financial leverage in a situation with someone I was creatively co-operating with. It's kinda strange.
Anyway, this all makes it sound like an emotional/business nightmare, but it really wasn't. It was great fun. I found it a bit stressful, because I was new to publishing. Doubtless Mitu found it stressful too! Now the game has shipped, I feel very proud of the fact that I published a game by another indie game developer. I would very possibly do it again, given the right game and the right developer (which is very, very hard to find).
So because I'm me, and probably attract blog readers like me, you are probably thinking 'yeah yeah, emotions blah blah, did it make money?'
cash.jpgThe short answer is yes. I've made a decent return on my investment, although I didn't calculate my time, which was quite a lot. However, even given some suitable allocation of cost for my time, I think it will make me a profit by January, and a decent return on investment by the middle of next year. The game has not been on sale long, or bundled, or discounted beyond 25%, so there is every likelihood that there is 'unrealized potential' there in terms of sales at lower prices. We priced the game on release at $19.95.
For those interested in hard facts, the game was technically in profit in the first week (excluding my time). 21.8 percent of its income has come from direct sales, the rest from GoG, Steam and the MacGameStore. It was only released on the Apple App Store yesterday. Of the total cost of the game (which was mid 5 figures dollars), 19 percent was spent on marketing, the rest was contractors and development. The majority of the contracting cost was GUI art, as you would expect. The majority of our marketing budget was Facebook, attending Rezzed and Eurogamer and ComicCon. Those events were also very beneficial in terms of usability testing.
[Cliff Harris wrote this article on sister site Gamasutra]
Browser Pick: Holy Crap, Bears! is dark and violent, probably like a real bear attack,2013://14.43659 2013-12-17T13:20:00Z 2013-12-17T13:26:27Z Anthony Swinnich holycrapbears1.PNG
You've got to hand it to Scoutmasters everywhere. They take groups of kids, who are by definition inexperienced and are usually difficult to control, into unpredictable and dangerous forests to camp. It's got to be a stressful situation even if bears don't attack. But imagine if they did. You'd have a situation like Holy Crap, Bears! on your hands.
]]> Navigating the campsites to save the children and the troop mascot, a chicken named Mr. Peck, is a tense affair. The controls are simple: You simply drag the Scoutmaster around with your mouse. A dim lantern light the immediate area around you. Stray too close to a bear and you become tastier than the insides of a pic-a-nic basket. Completing a level in under 10 seconds will net you a star, but sometimes it's tough to be quick. The bears could be anywhere that isn't lit. Which is coincidentally the same place you have to travel through to reach your group's fowl mascot.
You can buy powerups in between worlds using your points to help ease your task, like a teleportation device or flare gun which illuminates a level, revealing the location of your grizzly assailants. The one-time-use items Megadev included are nice, but they take a bit of the mood away in my opinion. If you're going to sneak past bears, do it with some courage. Holy Crap, Bears! is browser-based and free over at Adult Swim. Why not help save the Scouts?
Freeware Pick: Go Long!! (Andrew Brophy),2013://14.43658 2013-12-17T08:00:00Z 2013-12-17T08:51:46Z John Polson go long.pngAndrew Brophy's Ludum Dare 28 entry Go Long!! is a hybrid of Konami's Track-and-Field and a point-and-clicker of sorts. You are an up-and-coming young athlete, and you only get one shot to make it in an olympic trial. Further using the theme, you only get one minute to focus and clear your thoughts before you must perform.
]]> The developer states that one should play this a few times for the best results, but I can't get more than one ending out of the game. Even if you only play it once, be sure to have the audio turned up.
[Download Go Long!! for Windows]
Freeware Pick: Risk of Death,2013://14.43604 2013-12-17T04:40:00Z 2013-12-17T09:38:50Z Tim W. riskofdeath5b.pngRisk of Death is a survival arena platformer developed by Dushan Chaciej in just under a week, and as you can tell by its title the game draws quite a bit of inspiration from the excellent Risk of Rain. It features a trio of characters to choose from, and each of them has four different abilities that they can use in combat. There's the Pyromancer who is a master of fire-based magic, an Aqua Mage who can manipulate water elements, and finally the Trickster who specializes in melee and speedy attacks.
]]> Unlike Risk of Rain, there's no procedural-generated levels to play here. The game includes just one map with new enemy waves teleporting in to attack you after every fifteen seconds. Defeating your adversaries will generate coins to collect, and you can use them to purchase items from the wizard's tower at any time during battle.
Both the Mac and Windows versions of RoD are available to download at IndieDB. The latest update introduces a new playable character named Santa Kraus and a winter-edition map complete with festive trimmings.
[Download Risk of Death]
The indie comix sensibilities of Stick It to The Man, now on PC,2013://14.43601 2013-12-17T02:30:00Z 2013-12-17T02:28:17Z Staff
"For me, playing a game is not just about the game mechanics. It's a lot about diving into another world."
Klaus Lyngeled, art and game director of Zoink Games' recently released PlayStation 3 and PS Vita platformer (and now on PC) Stick It to The Man, says he was strongly influenced by the graphic artists of his youth.
]]> "Visual art is a very powerful language," Lyngeled tells Gamasutra. "It's so easy to explain your vision when you can draw it."
Drawing on an affection for Jamie Hewlett's Tank Girl as well as the works of Jhonen Vasquez (Invader Zim) and Doug TenNapel (Earthworm Jim), Stick It to The Man looks and plays like an MTV-fueled fever dream from out of the early 1990s. With a telepathic 'spaghetti hand,' the player can peel back the outer walls of houses, yank teeth and limbs from the papery inhabitants, and plow into their inner monologues. You can get a good glimpse of the free-flowing, paper cut-up style of the gameplay in the trailer above.
"The visual style actually came from a short animation I did," Lyngeled explains. "I wanted a quick and dirty 2D look, but I can't animate traditional 2D [animation] frame by frame. So I just rigged the characters as 3D paper cut-out meshes."
With acknowledgements to Media Molecule's LittleBigPlanet, which might be described as Stick It to The Man's lighter-hearted cousin, Lyngeled says the goal with the paper cut-out look was to create something distinct, simple, and easy to animate. This in turn feeds naturally back into the gameplay.
"Once you start thinking in that universe of paper, it's easy to come up with how it works," says Lyngeled. With level puzzles based on exploration and mix-and-matching stickers of often disparate objects, Lyngeled and his team liken the game to an Advent Calendar, in which the pleasure lies in tearing open each piece in search of a surprise.
"Art is a very important factor in getting people into the correct mood and into that world," Lyngeled observes. "For an independent developer, having [multiple roles] is pretty normal. Programmer and designer is probably the most common, but in my case it's art and game direction. I love designing characters and it's been a great advantage to both write the story and at the same time draw them."
You can learn more about Stick It to The Man from its official website. The game is now available for Windows at 40% off on Steam this week.
[Kris Ligman wrote this article for sister site Gamasutra]
Browser Pick: Cooperacing (Increpare),2013://14.43648 2013-12-17T00:30:00Z 2013-12-17T00:28:33Z Tim W. cooperacing2d.pngCooperacing is a new PuzzleScript effort from the creator of the game engine himself, Increpare. This particular puzzler tasks players with getting both race cars to the finish line, though it doesn't need to be at the same time. As long as the two cars are able to acquire individual race flags, players have solved the level and can proceed to the next one.
]]> You can only control one car at a time, and cars can spin around if there's space to do so. No reversing is allowed, but you can use one vehicle to push another forward. There are a total of four laps to play through and in true Increpare style, players can expect a few twists and turns (oh!) along the way.
Cooperacing is available to play at increpare's site.
[Play Cooperacing]
Browser Pick: Fountain (Terry Cavanagh),2013://14.43650 2013-12-16T22:35:57Z 2013-12-16T23:30:10Z John Polson fountain terryc.pngVVVVVV and Super Hexagon developer Terry Cavanagh's Ludum Dare 28 entry, Fountain, offers a bit of panic in its exploration. While I'm not sure what _exactly_ to do, so far I've gathered four shiny things in one round before turning into a pile of bones and found it all a bit thrilling.
]]> Fountain seems to play with the "you only get one" theme centering around life. However, players quickly learn they can extend that life by sipping from the fountain of youth in the beginning of the game. As players begin to explore, the effects of that magical elixir become clear.
While I haven't run into any enemies, time and my own curiosity have proven greater obstacles to overcome. Even without a win condition, I think it's interesting to observe the aging aesthetics, and the accelerated rate at which they age, after each dip in the fountain.
I wish you long-lasting passage with Terry Cavanagh's Fountain.
Looking for one more lovely free title from Terry this year? Make sure you've played Naya's Quest.
Freeware Pick: Numerical space shooter 1111 pt 1,2013://14.43645 2013-12-16T20:30:00Z 2013-12-17T03:38:02Z Lena LeRay 1111_pt_1.jpg1111 pt 1 from Jim Shepard took the "one" Ludum Dare 28's You Only Get One quite seriously. This person built a nifty space shooter in under 48 hours in which all of your bullets are ones and all of your enemies are other numbers. Get the ones, don't hit the other numbers, and watch your own ship level up as you collect the ones that drop from your enemies when they are destroyed.
]]> The control scheme is simple; using the arrow or WASD keys, you can use forward and backwards thrusters or change the direction you are facing; z or space shoots. The physics are a bit strange for space, since you slow down instead of continuing endlessly, but the controls work smoothly and it doesn't take long to get the hang of playing.
Enemy 2s, 3s, 4s, etc. have different movement and attack patterns, as well as greater and greater hit points. Furthermore, the even numbers effectively break in half when destroyed; an 8 becomes two 4s, a 4 becomes two 2s. Everything eventually breaks down into 1s, which spiral towards you as you move around.
The 1s you collect act as experience, and when the bar at the top gets full, you level up. Your ship changes shape and firing pattern. The first few ships play about the same, but the later ships all play very differently and in very satisfying ways.
Overall, it's a really fun game. It's only available for Windows, but it does not require an install. Check it out on the Ludum Dare entry page.
iOS Pick: Sushi Snake (Benjamin Davis),2013://14.43626 2013-12-16T18:15:00Z 2013-12-16T18:16:15Z Tim W. sushisnk.pngSushi Snake is a puzzle game in which you get to guide a snake around a maze of blocks, attempting to eat all dots in the area to proceed from one level to the next. The last dot eaten by the snake will change its colour, and this can lead to a couple of sticky situations when more snakes and hues are brought into play.
]]> A block can be eaten if it's a different colour than the snake, but you can only move forward until the entire block has been swallowed whole. In latter stages you'll have to guide two or more snakes at the same time, and all of them will move together in the same direction whenever you swipe at the screen.
Snakes can devour each other as well, though no matter what happens they will never resort to eating themselves even when they're completely stuck. A convenient undo button is included for players to rewind their actions one move at a time, and if you want to skip puzzles quickly there's even an unlock all option provided in the settings menu.
Sushi Snake is available to purchase now from the App Store at only $1.99.
Interview: Details about Dyscourse from Owlchemy Labs,2013://14.43618 2013-12-16T16:11:00Z 2013-12-16T23:08:45Z Lena LeRay
Owlchemy Labs' psychological survival adventure game Dyscourse was successfully funded on Kickstarter a few days ago. It has no zombies, instead focusing around characters stranded by plane crash on a deserted island. Imagine a brightly-colored version of Don't Starve with multiple characters and a narrative with enough branches to rival the size of the Mana Tree and you'll have some idea of what Owlchemy Labs is working towards with Dyscourse. Grab a cup of something delicious, watch the gameplay demo above, and read on for some words with Alex Schwartz about where Dyscourse will go from here.
]]> First, I'd like to say congratulations on successfully making your funding goal. Have you folks been any less busy and/or stressed since the Kickstarter campaign ended?
Thanks so much! I would say that it's a HUGE relief to have hit our goal and while we've taken the weekend to relax, it's back to development for us!
That is a really neat art style you've got there for Dyscourse. What inspired it?
The art style for the Dyscourse is based off of our very own Carrie Witt's personal 2D art style, with some tweaks and changes to make it work for the purposes of the game. The environment art is made to look 3D in place of actual 3D assets, while the characters are more simplified and flat in order to animate in a hinge-like fashion. Carrie had this to say about her inspirations:
"I really enjoy an emphasis on color and shape in illustration, so I suppose all my personal illustration inspirations carry over into this game (Mary Blair, Bruce Tim, Mike Mignola, Leyendecker, Matt Lyon, etc).
I'm super drawn (ba-dum tshh) to 2D game art styles. There's something charming about them that I think is lacking in most 3D games, perhaps because more often than not 3D games focus on gritty realism. I love art styles that ooze personality and a clear direction in vision, and I hope to deliver that with Dyscourse."
Your Kickstarter pitch mentioned that you're trying to make the sound dynamic, with the "musical score... arranged on the fly." How much of that is generated as the game goes and how much is scripted? Is a given background theme chosen for a certain scenario with parts that can be added and taken away to change the tone?
A number of musical tracks are composed ahead of time by our composer and are categorized by emotion. So our composer creates some sad tracks, some happy tracks, some tracks that represent loneliness, tense tracks, exploratory tracks, joyous tracks, tracks for community/group moments, etc. Each piece is meant to be partially ambient and easily blended with other tracks. Depending on how the game is currently playing out, what choices the player has made, and what the current 'feel' of the moment is, we can choose to blend in the correct track that fits. This means that we're closer to matching the audio with the mood, and it's amazing how much music affects your mind-state and your perceived emotional state of the game.
One of the big selling points of Dyscourse is the promise of a narrative that really branches, rather than branching for a time before looping back to a convergence point. Are there a zillion hard-written narrative branches, or will choices influence things like relationship values such that in the long run, you can unlock certain possible scenarios?
There's a lot of content hand-written, yes. But we're also using variables in interesting ways. You mentioned relationship values and unlocking possible scenarios. That's the kind of thing we've added in to help manage the many, many branches. For example, we might watch for a variable that tells us whether we've gotten to a specific point in a side-conversation about someone's past. Then, later on, we would have a branch that is locked out unless [the player] had come upon that prior bit of information in the previous conversation, thus unlocking or opening up a new branch that wouldn't have been seen by another player.
Have you folks done any research into the psychology of survival situations for the game?
Any research in that regard was done by consuming metric butt-loads of survival movies, books, and games. Additionally, I'm a psychology buff myself, so that helps. When it comes to the psychology of the various survivors, though, consistent writing is certainly important. We have fleshed out our characters to the point that they have very unique personalities and we as developers can ask ourselves, "How would this character react in this situation?" Then we can simply write with that in mind, so that a survivor's dialog and actions fit with our own character definitions.
The gameplay demo video you guys put out in November (above) shows a pretty tense confrontation between a couple of the characters. How dark can things get?
As with most survival situations, things can certainly get dark. We try to mitigate that by having silly / over-the-top characters, but we certainly touch on dark topics. We haven't written all of the dialog yet, but this game is probably not suited for small children.
Conversely, how light can things get? Is there much in the way of humor in this dire situation?
There's definitely humor, and that's one of the key points of the "Owlchemy style". Humor doesn't necessarily have to be distasteful, and humor in tense moments is very commonly used as a coping device. Using that to our advantage, we're able to have serious themes, with both light and dark moods from time to time.
Speaking of humor, how hard was it to arrange for the Indie Plane Crash scenario?
We approached our friends Ichiro, Rami, and Phil, asking if they would be interested in a silly situation where they were stuck on an island in Dyscourse. They were mega-excited and the idea ballooned from there, way beyond our wildest expectations [until] we ultimately decided to say "F-it, lets just message Tim Schafer and see what he says," having never met him for more than a minute at a game developer conference. He not only said yes, but offered that he would love to be on the island, and although he had Boy Scout training, he would likely be the first one to gnaw on his own leg in a survival situation. Our artist cranked out the caricatures of three of the devs in record time and we ran with it!
How much input will the featured developers have on the writing for their in-game representations?
We offered each Indie Plane Crash member the ability to have approval for their dialog. The whole point is to poke fun and create insane/silly moments among the group, so as long as we're not insulting, I don't think we'll have any issue with lack of approval. The only thing we've seen so far is that Edmund McMillen wanted a different colored shirt!
I'd also like to add a non-question comment: When I was looking through the FAQ on your Kickstarter while putting these questions together, the, "Also, Space Marines," addendum to "Why $40,000?" got a real, honest-to-goodness snort out of me. It was subtle enough that I almost missed it, and it caught me by surprise when my brain caught up.
Little things like that are our bread and butter. How will people believe in our ability to write an engaging, humorous, and thoughtful game if we can't deliver the snark in truckloads? | http://feeds.feedburner.com/IndependentGaming | dclm-gs1-284200002 | false | false | {
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0.043372 | <urn:uuid:92d94fd3-d1e6-438e-ba0b-27ee7f60d105> | en | 0.92786 | Take the tour ×
An overseas friend has asked what kind of plug an Ouya console uses. I haven't received mine yet, so I don't know. I also need to let them know what kind of voltage/etc it expects. Can anyone who has received their console let me know?
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up vote 7 down vote accepted
According to this thread on an Ouya-related message board, it comes with a US-style cord (A-type plug) but can handle both 110v and 220v. Relevant quote below
This isn't really that huge of an issue but I see many of the devs complaining that the consoles were shipping only with US plugs. Although the consoles work with either 110 or 220 volts, they still require you purchase an additional country adapter in or to use it.
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Any idea about the Hz? Based on what you've said so far it's probably the standard American 60 Hz. – Curious Borges Apr 4 at 6:59
@CuriousBorges: The vast majority of ~220V countries use 50Hz, so if it supports both 110 and 220v, it almost certainly supports both 50 and 60hz as well. – Michael Madsen Apr 4 at 7:12
@MichaelMadsen makes sense, thanks! – Curious Borges Apr 4 at 7:14
It's very rare for consumer electronics, especially electronics that also support 100-120V, not support 50/60Hz. Japan is split down the middle 50Hz/60Hz @ 100V so anything sold in Japan needs to support both. – user2640 Jun 22 at 18:54
@JoeWreschnig It's 100 to 240 V and 50 to 60 Hz, at least according to the adaptor text. – Zommuter Jun 24 at 12:41
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I finally got my OUYA in Switzerland, and it has an (exachangeable) Europlug just as it should have here. To be more precise, here's a photo:
OUYA plug and adapter
As you can see the Europlug is a small piece that get slipped onto the adaptor, andso I assume that wherever you order your OUYA to, the respective plug piece will be included. Of course if you live somewhere with a rather exotic standard you'll have ask OUYA support or just let them surprise you...
edit In reply to @JoeWresching's question about the other side of the plug, it's 12 volt DC via Coaxial power connector (OD 5.50mm, ID 2.50mm, Center Positive) (as per OUYA's Wikipedia entry), so you can probably replace it by your own adaptor if preferred (with the usual warranty void disclaimer).
This is the adaptor's text:
OUYA adaptor
So with 100-240 V at 50-60 Hz input you should be fine. If you use your own adaptor instead, supply 12 V DC and 1.5 A.
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Sounds like the ones shipping out now all have the US plug, regardless of region but the first post there says the console works with 110 or 220 volts. You'll just need an adapter for whatever plug your region uses. But this is the first, kickstarted production run so that may well change.
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0.701559 | <urn:uuid:1ab87e48-44ea-4e16-b85e-23403a75fe2f> | en | 0.9214 | Take the tour ×
I'm attempting 100% completion and it looks like I missed a piece of artwork on the home world. Is there any way to return to the home world to collect it? If not, does the game have any new game plus type functionality to allow me to carry anything over between plays?
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| http://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/27708/in-insanely-twisted-shadow-planet-is-there-any-way-to-return-to-the-home-world?answertab=oldest | dclm-gs1-284330002 | false | false | {
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0.082752 | <urn:uuid:3354b226-00f6-48f0-ad11-136257a2f0ee> | en | 0.939086 | Artist Statement
I am currently engaged with two distinct but intertwined approaches to painting: plein air painting and studio painting.
I begin by painting plein air directly from the landscape. This idiom became interesting camoflauge for exploring conceptual interests such as the mutability of form, and a sense of the infinite versus the limited.
In the second method of studio painting, I manipulate traditional pictorial and perceptual visual anchors to find new and unexpected ways of creating order. Different zones in the painting are in direct visual conflict. These conflicts, inventions and surprises imbue the painted image with complexity, doubt and expansiveness. | http://gobrooklynart.org/studio/ChristopherSchade | dclm-gs1-284460002 | false | false | {
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0.528839 | <urn:uuid:4ccd9267-018d-4076-8f34-2a2f7eb32e73> | en | 0.95972 | magnepan 3.6/r
Speaker of the year: Magnepan 3.6/R
I've reviewed a gazillion speakers, and I can't remember more than a few dozen of them. They're just a string of big and little boxes; some sounded really nice, most were merely OK, and surprisingly few were truly awful.
Magnepan's speakers stand out from the crowd first because they're so thin, the MG 3.6/R is 1.5 inches thick, and standing 71 inches high, it's really tall. But it was the sound that blew me away. It's an incredibly clear, high-resolution sound, and sounds decidedly unspeakerlike. That's why it's the Audiophiliac's Speaker of the Year.
As I said in my Home Entertainment magazine review "That's why the MG 3.6/R will sound like a revelation to first-time listeners; the gap between the sound of real, live music and recorded music feels a whole lot smaller. The speaker projects a more full-bodied, three-dimensional soundstage than any box can; correction, the MG 3.6/R's sound was bigger and deeper than I've ever heard from a speaker retailing for less than $50,000. With the MG 3.6/R instruments and voices emerge closer to their real-life scale and size. Clearly, Magnepan engineers changed the way speakers move air."
Instead of the usual woofer and tweeter, the MG 3.6/R uses three "planar-magnetic" drivers: a 55-inch tall aluminum foil "ribbon" tweeter; a 199-square-inch 0.5-mil-thick Mylar midrange diaphragm; and a 500 square inch Mylar woofer. The speaker is essentially a panel that moves air, and projects sound from its front and rear surfaces. The drivers are Magnepan patented designs, all manufactured at the company's factory in White Bear Lake, Minnesota. American hi-fi at its best.… Read more | http://howto.cnet.com/8300-5_39-0.html?keyword=magnepan+3.6%2Fr | dclm-gs1-284500002 | false | false | {
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0.021474 | <urn:uuid:c169e42a-9569-4014-9e75-98a324cd2786> | en | 0.775973 |
From: Filip Krska <krska@karlin.mff.cuni.cz>
Date: Wed, 18 Oct 2000 05:35:04 -0400 (EDT)
To: www-amaya@w3.org
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.21.0010181105540.22726-100000@localhost.localdomain>
i've downloaded amaya-3.2.1-1.i386.rpm and succesfully installed.
But there is the .../Amaya/config/amaya.profile missing
(according to help i think it should be there)
Is there any way to customize
Keyboard shortcuts 1. in form input fields
2. in input fields such as Open or in preferences...
A little bug:
amaya draws buttons about two letters shorter than their label
(it becomes correct, when i zoom in and out)
Can i enable gif animating?
Thanks a lot
Received on Wednesday, 18 October 2000 05:47:19 GMT
| http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-amaya/2000OctDec/0026.html | dclm-gs1-284730002 | false | false | {
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0.537097 | <urn:uuid:ffe8b69f-fbb8-45f7-9c42-79a7dfcd3356> | en | 0.880597 | Take the tour ×
I'm trying to prove that; If any Cauchy sequence is convergent in an ordered field F, every nonempty subset of F that has an upperbound has a sup in F.
Let A be a nonempty subset of F that is not a singleton and has an upperbound in F. Let $a_0 \notin v(A)$ and $b_0 \in v(A)$. It's written in my book that for every $e \in P_F$, there exists $N \in \omega$ such that $N≧(b_0 - a_0)/e$.
I think this is not accurate since it hasn't showed that such F is Archimedean.. Is such F archimedean? Or in such a condition does there exist such N?
-Definition of a Cauchy sequence; For every $e\in P_F$, there exists $N\in \omega$ such that if $i,j≧N$, then $|x(i) - x(j)| < e$. ($x:\omega \to F$ is a sequence)
Least Upper Bound Property $\implies$ Complete
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What are $P_F$, and $\nu(A)$? – William Jun 19 '12 at 9:56
I assume that $P_F$ is the positive cone of $F$ and $v(A)$ is the set of upper bounds of $A$? Also, what exactly is your definition of a Cauchy sequence in $F$? – Brian M. Scott Jun 19 '12 at 9:56
Brian's right. My definition of a cauchy sequence is 'for every $e\in P_F$, there exists $N\in \omega$ such that if $i,j ≧ N$, then |$x(i) - x(j)$| < $e$. ($x:\omega →F$ is a sequence) – Katlus Jun 19 '12 at 10:02
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In the proof of the Castelnuovo theorem for curves in $\mathbb{P}^3$ (Hartshorne IV, 6.4.) the following is done: One considers a smooth, complete curve $C$ in the projective space $\mathbb{P}^3$ over an algebraically closed field. The degree of this curve is denoted by $d$. Then one takes a hyperplane section $D=P_1+...+P_d$ of the curve such that $P_1$,..., $P_d$ are different and no three of them are collinear. Then one wants to show that $P_i$ is not a basepoint of the linear system $|nD-P_1-P_2-...-P_{i-1}|$ if $i \leq \mbox{min}(d, 2n+1)$. At this point the following argument is given, which I do not understand: "To show that $P_i$ is not a basepoint it suffices to find a surface of degree $n$ in $\mathbb{P}^3$ that contains $P_1$, $P_2$,..., $P_{i-1}$ but not $P_i$". I do not get why this suffices. What is the reason that $P_i$ is not a basepoint, if there exists such a surface?
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Didn't you say that $P_i$ does not lie on the surface? Your final question seems to contradict the previous statement... Or I don't understand correctly? – diverietti Jul 12 '11 at 21:58
Thank you. I've edited it – phil Jul 12 '11 at 22:17
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Every degree $n$ surface $S$ passing through $P_1,\ldots,P_{i-1}$ gives rise to a member of the series $|nD - P_1-\cdots -P_{i-1}|$ by looking at the points cut on $C$ by $S$ that are residual to $P_1,\ldots,P_{i-1}$.
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Thank you for your answer. You mean that the points cut on $C$ by $S$ and different from $P_1,..., P_{i-1}$ form a divisor linearly equivalent to $nD-P_1-...-P_{i-1}$. But can you explain me, why these two are linearly equivalent. I do not get it immediately. – phil Jul 12 '11 at 22:49
By the very definition of linear equivalence, $n$ times a hyperplane and $S$ are linearly equivalent in $\mathbb P^3$, and so their intersections with $C$ are linearly equivalent too. Subtracting $P_1,\ldots,P_{i−1}$ from each of these intersections then also gives linearly equivalent divisors. – Emerton Jul 12 '11 at 23:49
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0.035881 | <urn:uuid:6946eec6-c20b-4a10-a7e0-34c00edfa92e> | en | 0.955595 | Submitted by itani 1151d ago | news
Fallout: New Vegas Hardcore Mode Special Reward Revealed
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rroded + 1151d ago
The special award is….
"drum roll please. The Hardcore trophy/achievement. Unfortunately, yeah that is it"
damn that bites some bonus missions woulda been cool or at least a new wep or safehouse or something...
#1 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(20) | Disagree(2) | Report | Reply
T9X69 + 1151d ago
What bites is I just got this achievement, reloaded my game and 20min later my game froze. Loaded the game back up, load save, "This game save relies on DLC which is no longer available. Some objects may not load correctly, do you wish to continue?"......uh ok sure, "The storage device you selected in no longer available. Failed to load save."....booted to the main menu. Now all my saves are corrupt, not just that one, and 50 hours is gone, and I didn't get nothing but that damn achievement. I'm throwing this POS up on Craigslist.
itani + 1151d ago
Wow, I really feel it for you. I got a game breaker glitch where it wouldn't allow me to enter the Strip without a key even though I've been in and out enough times.
I read online if you kill one of the Securitrons outside, they each have a key.
T9X69 + 1151d ago
Wow that sucks, I heard of a few people that had that problem. I honestly really enjoyed this game, and even though the game had tons of frame rate issues, freezing, etc. I can get passed that, and deal with, not to much of a problem. But I invested so much time into one save and still had TONS of stuff to do and having to restart due to something out of my control, just kills the motivation for doing it again, especially if the same thing happens.
What's even worse is, it actually let me load my other save that I had 10 hours on, so I was like okay whatever at least I don't have to completely restart. That save is saved inside Lucky 38 in the Penthouse, but when I click on the elevator, nothing happens. So my only working save is stuck and I can't get out and I HAVE to restart.
I knew this game would have problems before I bought it, just like Fallout 3 did, but I didn't expect this shit. This kind of bug is unacceptable.
NeoMagus + 1151d ago
I had the same problem try to go in the north entrance of the strip and says requires key, if you are not hated by the NCR you can go to their camp with the monorail use that to get into the strip then exit through where it requires the key and it should fix it
Dark_Vendetta + 1151d ago
@1.1 that really sucks, but I heard that they've released a patch via STEAM to fix the savegame (or to prevent it of getting corrupted?), so I would wait a few days and hope they soon release it for the consoles
Bobbykotickrulesz + 1151d ago
lol a trophy? I mean hey, it's fun playing on hardcore mode and that in itself is a reward, but they shouldn't fucking advertise it at the start of the game like you're going to get something really cool, only to find that it's just a stupid trophy.
PrimordialSoupBase + 1151d ago
Cool, sure. But the real reward is a better game.
wicko + 1151d ago
Exactly. Expecting a reward of some kind is pretty stupid.
kaveti6616 + 1151d ago
You work for Obsidian don't you? This game is glitchier than fallout 3.
#1.2.2 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(5) | Disagree(1) | Report
PrimordialSoupBase + 1151d ago
Play the game on console and that's what you get I guess. I have only had one crash after 22 hours of play.
More glitches than Fallout 3? lol, no. Where were all the complaints when Bethesda released this same technically hobbled game two years ago?
Regardless, measure what actually counts (as in what makes a good rpg) and New Vegas is far superior to Fallout 3 in its systems, leveling, tone, writing, world layout, etc.
kaveti6616 + 1151d ago
"Where were all the complaints when Bethesda released this same technically hobbled game two years ago? "
Lmao. That's the reason I hate Obsidian. They release the same fucking game with no improvements and then are like, "WTF guys? How come Fallout 3 got so much praise?! Derp Derp!"
Fallout 3 was glitchy but it was a good game and it was one of a kind. Obsidian released essentially the same game with barely any improvements and you're saying they're justified.
#1.2.4 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(0) | Disagree(0) | Report
PrimordialSoupBase + 1150d ago
And you're saying it's justified that Bethesda gets a free pass, it's absolutely no different. They are both glitchy games, but most of the blame lies with Bethesda seeing as they built this crap game engine and have struggled to release a functional game twice now using it.
The improvements in New Vegas are substantial. Working within the shitty limits that Bethesda defined with Fallout 3, Obsidian has done an excellent job of making this the modern equivalent to the old Fallout games that Bethesda was too untalented to achieve.
The problem is that you probably grew up with Mass Effect and Oblivion as the standard to which hold rpgs to, so if you believe Fallout 3 is a good Fallout game you're speaking from a completely ignorant position.
kaveti6616 + 1150d ago
If the engine is so glitchy, then why did Obsidian use it. How come they didn't use their own engine that they built for Dungeon Siege? How come Bethesda is getting blamed just because Obsidian lacks the talent to actually make their own games?
Bethesda gets a free pass because they made a great game that happened to be glitchy. Obsidian made a sequel 2 years later that has seen few to no visual improvements and few to no technical improvements.
Bethesda has done more with the Gamebryo engine than you can imagine. There have been dramatic graphical improvements between TES Morrowind and Oblivion. They both run on the same engine. That shows that Bethesda is talented. They make great games. Even if their games have bugs, it's a fair tradeoff.
Obsidian are not good developers. They're a B team. That's it.
PrimordialSoupBase + 1150d ago
Because Obsidian had a two year time frame to finish the game, and clearly Bethesda wanted to maintain systemic and formal similarity with Fallout 3.
"There have been dramatic graphical improvements" does not constitute a good game or a good developer, especially considering we are speaking about a decade time span here. Again you mention nothing about the content, the level balancing, the writing, quest structure, etc. of these games (as in things that actually matter to an rpg). In this sense, Bethesda fails miserably. This is an objective fact to anyone who has played the old Fallout games.
JsonHenry + 1151d ago
For me the reward is a much better game. Playing in hardcore makes me feel more immersed in a wasteland than without it. And to be honest, unless you are playing as a melee character, it really isnt that much harder.
PrimordialSoupBase + 1151d ago
Agreed. It isn't harder so much as your inventory and leveling decisions take on a lot more weight and meaning.
King-Leonidas + 1151d ago
you know when you get kicked in that place between the balls and the anus? Yeah, that's it feels like.
nunley33 + 1151d ago
not surprised ha
I pre-ordered New Vegas and got the vault 13 canteen so staying hydrated isn't a problem in hardcore mode. maybe a new game plus ?
FACTUAL evidence + 1151d ago
They could of at least gave psn an avatar picture, and psh rewards, and 360 could of got avatar clothing, and an avatar picture.
#1.6 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(0) | Disagree(0) | Report | Reply
itani + 1151d ago
I know, that's why I was surprised. I mean what the hell, everyone knows they will get the trophy/achievement upon completion!
leonlion + 1151d ago
Or on ps3
That one step closer to platinum
dirtydbz + 1151d ago
it's only a gold trophy on ps3 sux right
Brewski007 + 1151d ago
glad i dont care about trophies.
Thats sure as hell is one waste of time.
Mmmkay + 1151d ago
if you care about the gameplay you'll get the trophy anyway....
asyouburn + 1151d ago
yeah its not about getting the trophy
its about beating it on hardcore mode
falloutx + 1151d ago
I already got 50% of the trophies hardcore mode included.
ASSASSYN 36o + 1151d ago
I knew there was an achievement for this reward. Anyone who did not was kidding themselves.
TABSF + 1151d ago
Couldn't careless about the trophy/achievement
PtRoLLFacE + 1151d ago
is funny how many people are having prblems with this game, i got the skidrow version, in other words the free version and i haven't had any problems or frezes, my b is because of my spects are to high for the game lol, anyway has anyone found the alien gun yet? if not is by a place next to the gun runners, i forgot the name i think it starts with "free" something well there are to kinds playing run and gun, the boy has the gun, talk to him and buy it for 1000 caps, but i have yet to find any amo for it, if anyone know plss tell where i can find some
JsonHenry + 1151d ago
I have it on STEAM and I have had ZERO problems with the game. But I have read the forums and it sounds like to me there is just too many complaints for there not to be real problems and not just people making mountains out of molehills.
T3MPL3TON + 1151d ago
They really dropped the ball on this. Not everyone is an achievement/trophy hound.. so they should have given us something.
Ascalon94 + 1151d ago
With all these people complaining about bugs, I think I'm going to wait for the "GOTY" edition which one will most likely come out.
Mastodon + 1151d ago
Game is incredible - sure sure there are bugs but I've gotten bugs in all my games hell even Uncharted 2, GoW3, Mass Effect 2, Halo: Reach, and Heavy Rain gave me bugs that made me have to reload - no big deal, that's life.
I don't get why people are upset about Hardcode mode giving you nothing more than an achievement - I mean its an optional game mode for those of us who actually want some kind of simulation - 100p or a Gold trophy is more than worth surviving in the desert until the end - mainly because its about gameplay not rewards and special "stuff".
As far as waiting for GOTY - that is a good idea especially considering the price - but that won't fix any bugs it never does - the same people who said that about Fallout 3 were terriblt disappointed when they got the GOTY and still had the same problems that everyone else did - price is nice though free DLC.
itani + 1151d ago
It isn't that were upset with Hardcore mode, it's cause they said there's a special reward but it turns out the obvious!
Figboy + 1151d ago
this is really annoying, because i'm not too big on
torturing myself with harder difficulties, but some games are fun to platinum.
my wife Platinumed Fallout 3, and was looking forward to doing the same with New Vegas, now she can't, because of this stupid Trophy/Achievement.
i don't mind Trophies/Achievements tied to the "Hard" difficulty, but the uber deluxe, we added this difficulty JUST for the fanboys of the PC version who like to mod things and make their games insanely difficult, Trophy/Achievements are weak sauce.
if you want to reward someone for undergoing the master difficulty, give them some in game rewards, not a Trophy/Achievement that keeps your count at 95%, or 49/50 Achievements Unlocked.
asyouburn + 1151d ago
i havent played the game yet
but i heard you could play hardcore mode, but on easy difficulty. maybe it wouldnt be so bad if this is true
No Way + 1151d ago
@Figboy -
As far as I know, your wife should have no problem beating it for platinum.
The 'Hardcore' mode isn't an "Uber Deluxe" difficulty, or a difficulty at all.
You can play the 'Hardcore Mode' on easy, to get the trophy. Platinum.
So, it doesn't make the game difficulty tougher, it just changes gameplay..
Or, so I've been told..
#12.2 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(0) | Disagree(0) | Report | Reply
Figboy + 1151d ago
it changes the way the game functions.
like not being able to heal limbs unless with a doctor, stimpacks don't immediately restore health, ammunition has weight, you have to stay hydrated. all of those things are dealbreakers for my wife specifically. she doesn't have the patience or desire to play a game like that.
as for me, it just doesn't sound like a fun way to play Fallout, and i shouldn't HAVE to play it, just because i want to Platinum my game.
what i loved about Uncharted 2 before they patched it, was that even if you didn't play multi-player, you could still get the Platinum Trophy, which i did, as i barely touch MP in Uncharted 2. now, however, i have an obnoxious 73% completion on my Trophy list, because i don't have the MP trophies. i still have my Platinum, but it looks funky with that 73%, and i have no desire to play Uncharted 2 MP (oh, it's certainly a lot of fun, but i'm not an MP player).
No Way + 1151d ago
@Figboy -
I understand completely what you are saying..
But, if you play on 'Easy' Difficulty, then well,
I'd say it wouldn't be that bad, prolly wouldn't notice much.
Though, I do understand what you're getting at.
And, I think there should be a different or and other rewards.
Vip3r + 1151d ago
I'm almost disgusted at this. They are hyping up a lie. If you can get trophies for basic missions, why hype up a Gold Trophy.
A good prize would have been to keep all your equipment when you start a new game. At least then you actually get something decent.
No Way + 1151d ago
I'm betting there's something else that is unlocked..
It'd be stupid to call a trophy a "Special Reward"
As, clearly.. there is nothing really special bout it.
Who knows..
#14 (Edited 1151d ago ) | Agree(1) | Disagree(0) | Report | Reply
oghost85 1151d ago | Bad language | show
Agrahim + 1151d ago
A Trophy/Achievment? I love Trophies/Achievments, but... LAME.
360 Wii PS3 Yup 1151d ago | Spam
xinren46 1151d ago | Spam
Deathbell2 + 1150d ago
WTF is that it are you serious UGH......
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(カザン, Kazan)
• Hundred Transformations Kazan (百変化のカザン, Hyaku Henge no Kazan)
Movie Naruto 5: Blood Prison
Appears in Movie only
Voice Actors
Gender Gender Male Male
Status Deceased
Kazan (カザン, Kazan), renowned as Hundred Transformations Kazan (百変化のカザン, Hyaku Henge no Kazan) was a Yugakure shinobi that appeared in Naruto 5: Blood Prison.
Kazan was a very strong-willed individual who was proud of his abilities. He does have a sense of loyalty and repaying debt, as he followed orders from Mui and his four council members to save his son, who was held captive by the five, and when Mui rescued him from the other four's betrayal, Kazan repaid his debt by protecting Mui and attempted to avenge him when Muku attacked.
Kazan was a somewhat short and bald-headed man with dark eyes and a goatee. He wore a long-sleeved green kimono shirt with white trimming underneath a yellow, sleeveless jacket held closed by a broad sash. He also wore a pair of black pants and soft, Chinese shoes, and what appeared to be a scarf around his neck.
Kazan was so talented with the Transformation Technique and employed it to transform into anybody to conceal his identity that he was renowned as Hundred Transformations Kazan (百変化のカザン, Hyaku Henge no Kazan). He was also skilled with a pair of kusarigama which he wielded, being able to fight A to a standstill.
Plot Overview
Kazan disguised himself as Naruto Uzumaki and assassinated jōnin from Iwagakure and Kirigakure, as well as attempted to kill the Fourth Raikage, framing the real Naruto of such crimes, having been hired by Mui to do so, in order for Mui to make use of Naruto. Kazan later infiltrated the Hōzukijō and was causing much trouble for jailers. The reason behind this was revealed to be the fact that they had captured his son. Later after being confronted by Mui and a group of masked individuals on a cliff, before Kazan was able to attack them, they paralyse him and send him plummeting to the sea below. It was later revealed that Mui had saved Kazan from the fall "on a whim" he noted, as well as Kazan's son. Kazan would later fight side by side with Mui — even assuming his identity. When the council of masked individuals tried to stop Mui from wasting the one wish granted by the Box of Ultimate Bliss, Kazan intervened and prevented them from stopping Mui who begrudgingly accepted his help. After Mui is cut down by his son Muku, Kazan rushes forward to attack the young man, but before he can attack him, Muku bisected him with his bare hands.
• When written as 火山, his name means volcano.
• Despite Yugakure having turned from a shinobi village to a tourist attraction, Kazan remained as a shinobi from said village.
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0.020611 | <urn:uuid:d64e676e-c98b-405c-8706-913318a151e7> | en | 0.967407 | Lords of the Transition Team
Our leadership class’s real accomplishment is résumé padding.
Hillary Clinton with Huma Abedin at a 2008 campaign rally.
Mark Steyn
Let us put aside, as he so rarely does, Anthony Weiner’s spambot penis, and consider his wife and putative first lady. By universal consent, Huma Abedin is “smart, accomplished” (the Guardian), “whip-smart” (The Week), “accomplished” (Time), “smart and accomplished” (the Daily News) — oh, and did I mention “accomplished” (Forbes)?
So, if she’s so smart, what has she accomplished? Let us put aside her Muslim Brotherhood family background — let us put it aside in the same corner as Anthony Weiner’s infidel penis, the Muslim Brotherhood being one of the few things on the planet rising even more spectacularly than Anthony. Instead, consider merely the official résumé. Huma Abedin’s present employment is as “head of Hillary Clinton’s transition team.” Mrs Clinton, you may recall, was once secretary of state. This was way back in January. Since then, she has been “transitioning away from government to become more involved in her family’s charitable foundation.” You can’t make a “transition” without a “transition team.” Well, not in America. Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands recently abdicated and managed to transition away from being queen back to the non-queen sector without benefit of a “transition team.” But it would be entirely unreasonable to expect U.S. cabinet officials to attempt the same tricky maneuver.
In 2001, Bill Clinton was struggling with his own “transition back to private life.” He was reported by his ever reliable New York Times stenographer Adam Nagourney to be having difficulty “trying to place his own telephone calls.” The telephone is a technology many older people can have problems with, particularly if they had a full-time staff to place their calls throughout the Nineties. The 1890s, that is. So, alone in retirement at Chappaqua, a bewildered Bill would pick up the speaking tube and bark, “Hello, Central, get me Gennifer Flowers.” Fortunately, he was able to make a full recovery, and has since earned (according to CNN) $89 million in “speaking fees.” But few others could manage their “transition” quite that adroitly. So for the last six months the smart, accomplished Huma Abedin has been the executive supremo of Mrs. Clinton’s “transition team.”
Is this a grueling, time-consuming burden? Is this why Anthony Weiner’s shorts find themselves alone in the small hours burning the midnight oil? No. Politico’s Maggie Haberman recently broke the exclusive news that Ms. Abedin is taking “extended vacation time from her job.” This is not because the Clintons are naturally revolted at having their good name sullied by association with a sick pervert and his creepy enabling wife, but because, as you eventually discover if you plough deep into Miss Haberman’s story, “Hillary Clinton has close to no schedule next month.” She is now transitioning from her transition to her summer in the Hamptons, and presumably that requires an entirely different kind of transition team, to bring the beach towels and mix the margaritas.
Let us take it as read that “Head of Hillary Clinton’s Transition Team” is a meaningless title. Many societies have offices of state whose origins are lost in the mists of time. In London, David Cameron’s cabinet includes a man who holds the position of Lord Privy Seal. “Lord Privy Seal” would make an excellent ceremonial title for Anthony Weiner’s penis, but is in fact one of the most ancient gigs on the planet. Prior to 1307, his job was done by the Keeper of the Wardrobe. But the Keeper of the Wardrobe felt that, what with having to keep the wardrobe, he didn’t also have time to keep the privy seal, so a new post was created. Today, the Lord Privy Seal is a position reserved for a valued confidant the prime minister wants in his cabinet but without a department to run. Someone “smart” and “accomplished,” so to speak. But it’s one thing to have a job title rendered meaningless by the intervening seven centuries, and another to invent it out of whole cloth the day before yesterday, and have the media pass it off to their readers with a straight face. Presumably, Ye Lord Keeper of Ye Transition provides some valuable service for Mrs. Clinton, but, if so, it would be nice if Maggie Haberman could let us in on it.
What else has Huma Abedin accomplished? She was Hillary’s right-hand gal in the 2008 campaign for the Democratic nomination. Which Hillary lost. So not much of an accomplishment there. Subsequently, she was deputy chief of staff at the State Department, a job so demanding she latterly combined it with some private-sector consulting. What accomplishments does the State Department have to show for the Clinton-Abedin years? Secretary Clinton, as her supporters like to brag, “traveled a million miles.” “One is always nearer by not keeping still,” wrote the poet Thom Gunn. So Mrs. Clinton flew a million miles — to “reset” our relationship with Russia, and lead from behind in the Arab Spring. This weekend, America’s embassies in Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan, and a bunch of other places will be shut down because everybody hates us. Meanwhile, Putin has embraced the first American defector to Moscow in decades, and is all but egging Obama to pull out of the G20 Summit and the insufficiently LGBT-friendly Russian Olympics. As Hillary in her more reflective moments must surely wonder about those million miles, “What difference, at this point, does it make?”
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0.090585 | <urn:uuid:afe2f034-81e9-4d92-b76c-662874f8b875> | en | 0.904291 | Editorials: Peter Ferrara
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Are you a poet, aspiring poet, poetry lover or interested newcomer? Are you a graphic artist, painter, photographer or other visual artist? Do you have a love of poetry and are looking for your next rewarding volunteer opportunity? Then we want you! The People’s Poetry Festival welcomes all aspiring and professional, unpublished and published poets and artists to take part in our annual three-day celebration of street poetry in Calgary.
We encourage novice and unpublished artists to participate with the goal of breaking apart the perception that poetry is a literary art form reserved for the academic elite. The purpose of The People’s Poetry Festival is largely to bridge the gap between local poets and the community and make poetry both engaging and accessible for all viewers. Although this is a Calgary-specific event, we encourage submissions from around the world and will be accepting and showcasing up to five (5) international artists during the festival.
If you’re a poet interested in submitting to the festival, please visit the Poetry Submissions page for more details.
If you’re a visual artist interested in working with us, please visit our Artist Participation page for more details.
If you’re interested in volunteering with the PPF — either before or during the festival. Or both! — please visit our Volunteer page for more details.
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1. yakkaluri sreeramulu said:
Musings of a bestirred conscience
- Show quoted text -
It is almost three decades since I brought out my first compilation of poems entitled “Rangula Pakshi”. Though I did not pen down my thoughts for a long period, poetry never deserted my life. Though the poet in me was always awake, keenly watching the individuals around and their mentalities, experiencing experiences that were worthy of b…eing reflected in poems, I did not get enough time to take-up the pen. I never lived my life in a passive manner as I have always been endeavouring to live a meaningful life.
The word compromise, was never there in my vocabulary. Craving for a living never pegged me down to a single profession. I worked, learnt and deserted every profession after ascertaining its real worth. My life has always been a journey from the known to the unknown.
This long poem is being published after thirty long years and reasons are aplenty. I take the risk of sounding
prosaic to emphasise that water is the source of all wealth, food and civilization itself. Water is essential for growing all crops including food grains, cotton and medicinal plants too. Water assist men in their scientific and educational progress too. That way water does not only quench thirst, it satisfies hunger also.
Man sits down to think only after his hunger and thirst are satisfied. Man concentrates all his thoughts on how to satisfy his hunger if he is deprived of food. Hunger is such a strong problem.
Is poetry just a structure of the language? Is it a reflection of the mood? Or is it a grammatical wonder? It is niether. Feeling is the most essential ingredient of all poetry. Being responsive to issues, being identifying oneself with the issue are the most important things in poetry. At times poetry is irony, it is a structural wonder related to language at places and some time it is the essential sound. But if the feeling is strong, other technical points add up to the work automatically. Such works are full of verve and truth. Poetry becomes a clamour to reach the roots of the truth.
The principal characteristic of poetry is to delve deep to the roots of its subject. Be it poetry, short story, novel or drama, all literary concepts reflect life and reality only when they touch upon the hidden roots of the issue they deal with. The beauty of poetry lies in the fact that it spreads its beauty like a flourishing tree, that attribute beauty to skies with its branches, leaves and flowers. At the same time it should also deal with real life subjects like hunger. Literature mirrors life. Reality is the essentiality of poetry.
In recent times some incidents had shook my being. During childhood, I had heard that sale of water is common in Arab countries. But the trend has reached our own land drenched by the waters of rivers like Ganga, Brahmaputra, Cauvery, Krishna, Godavari and Tungabhadra. Sale of sachets of drinking water on the banks of Ganges, trade of mineral water bottles on the banks of Godavari in Rajahmundry, commodification of water on the shores of river Krishna in Vijayawada and all such ironic scenarios are common today. One is forced to buy water even on huge dams impounding infinite quantity of water. What an irony, natural water was turned into a saleable commodity.
This long poem is meant to reflect my anguish over destruction of basic values by the money-minded. This is my protest against the enslaving of human beings to money.Quite often we come across incidents that shake our conscience. It is painful to see people deciding to commit suicides. Such incidents move all those with minimum human sensitivity. The distress born of this affects all the sectors of human activity. Suicides committed by debt-ridden farmers and weavers have become a common place occurance in both Telangana, Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra.
News papers bring forth the graphic details that led farmers to commit suicides. Similarly everyone is aware of the innumerable deaths that take place due to road accidents which were a result of roads poorly laid by the greedy contractors. The rulers of the day are responsible for the increasing number of suicides by artisans. A close look into the circumstances that led the artisans to commit suicide clarify that all those suicides are murders committed by the rulers that be. The State that was responsible for taking care of the farmers and artisans was adopting a passive attitude towards them. The State makes false promises that it would provide succour to the distressed farmers. Suicides would stop if the State provides succour first and claims credit for the same later.
Farmers suicides have become a regular feature in the State. While around 300 farmers committed suicides in the year 2003, atleast 100 farmers ended their lives soon after a new government was installed in AP in the month of May, 2004. According to a report published in Eenadu Telugu daily on May 26, 2004, atleast 19 farmers committed suicides on one day.
People have started realising that there would not be much difference in their lives whenever the governments change.
There is much talk of creation of smaller States in the country. Uttaranchal, Jarkhand, Chattisgarh states were carved out to lag in under-development. One can easily imagine the fate of a Telangana state if it was ever carved out of AP. A new Assembly building, another Governor, one more Chief Minister, deputy Chief Minister, another Cabinet, cars, helicopters, expenses on fuel and all. Foundation stones and other hangama to impose additional burden on the State. New governments would create new leaders. Except for change of leaders nothing would change whenever governments changed.
A newly inducted minister is sore over denial of ministerial berth to his father at the Centre. A wife refuses to take charge as State minister because her hubby was not made Union Minister. Leader of a ruling coalition’s constituent party demandsfinance and railway ministry. His wife rules a State. These leaders have a craving to turn this State into a family estate. This is a name-sake democracy. It’s dynastic dictatorship here.
Power drives a leader to join the party, against which he had been spewing venom till the other day. It is the lure for power that drives politicians today. Power, pelf, nepotism are the ruling ideologies of the day. One would be deluding oneself if he thinks that political leaders would feel for the welfare of the poor masses.
How undemocratic was the decision of the Tamilnadu State government to remove the employees who demanded resolution of their just demands.
How inhuman was the police action against the striking anganwadi workers who were seeking a rise in their monthly salary of Rs 500 per month.
The indiscriminate firing against common-man who was protesting against the rise in power tariff near Bashir Bagh.
How inhuman was the police action against the cotton farmers who were staging protest on the roads.
Those who call themselves people’s servants turn into dictators after they get elected as public representatives. People’s servants is the correct expression, calling them people’s leaders smacks of dictatorship. Those who get elected to the legislature treat officials as their subordinates. They seldom realise the fact that those officials, teachers can manipulate the electorate to effect a change in government.
According to media reports (Eenadu, June 3, 2004) 234 farmers and 24 weaves committed suicides in the State between May 15 to May 31, 2004.
How many leaders are there to identify the problems of the people as their own? How many are there who
dedicated themselves for the welfare of the people and sacrificed their everthing for the sake of the people? Most of the present day leaders believe in the cult of money.
They spend huge money during pre-poll period by resorting to chartable works like supply of drinking water and all. The number of leaders who came up from amongst the people, by raising their voice for the cause of the people, is miniscule. Most of them believe that money and muscle power are the sole requirements to win power.
Why are people taking to roads to protest government failures? Is it because they were suffering from indigestion, as was commented recently by a leader while commenting on the rise in farmers suicides? The common-man seeks fulfillment of his minimum needs. He does not aspire for five star luxiries, airconditioned cars and helicopters. The amenities being enjoyed by the political leaders are many.
A fraction of them are enough to meet the demands of the common-man. A handful of grain, a palm-cup of water is all that the poor of this country seek.
According to electoral statistics only 30 to 60 per cent of the electorate excercises its franchise during the polls. Division of vote between different parties is a factor that contributes to the victory of political parties that romp home to power by securing around 30 per cent vote. Those who come to power with minority vote are ruling this nation. These are the leaders who make use of their power to amass wealth.
People of this country are not opposed to any party or leader. People’s antagonism towards political parties is not permanent. There are no permanent friends or foes in politics.
Similarly people also do not count politicians as their permanent foes, nor do they consider them their permanent friends.
Every poll has been proving this beyond doubt. It is also proved beyond doubt that both ruling and opposition parties badly let down the public.
Antagonism towards one political party is benefitting the other. People are giving the opportunity equally to all political parties. While one political party or the other is winning the election, people are being decieved and defeated ultimately. Leaders who are being empowered by the people are giving deception in return.
Everyone knows how successive governments subjected farmers to mental torture before waiving interest on farm loans. Everyone is also aware of how farmers toil was getting wasted. The dues owed by the landlords and industrialists are termed as non-performing assets. These assets have piled-up to Rs 50,000 crore in one national Bank of India alone.
The banks are preparing to waive tthose huge loans by offering one time settlements. Farmers owe only Rs 200 crore to the banks. The rulers are hesitating to wave interest on that. The lenience shown towards the land lords, the corporate giants and big businessmen is never shown towards the poor farmers. And one never fails to wonder that the Rs 200 crore owed by the farmers to the banks amounts to just a fraction of the property owned by a few noted politicians of Rayalaseema region.
I demand that the banks should not only waive the interest on farm loans, they should waive the farm loans altogether.
State should provide water, seed, fertilizer and power to farmer. It is the farmers duty to give a wealth of grain to the nation.
Political leaders spend huge amounts during poll campaign. They even resort to charity during the period only to decieve people to vote for them. The money spent is meant to be investment to a bigger return. Ironically the money they spend during the campaign also belongs to the people.
Please do not extend money as loan to farmer. Give him water, seed, fertilizer. Instead of waddles of currency notes, give him bundles of water, seed and fertilizer. Divert the rivers into his fields.
Oh you who think of vote banks, think of water banks, which could quench the thirst of the fields. There is no need of unnecessary wrangles on the floors of the State Assembly and Parliament, while the nation is suffering from hunger and indebtedness. The members of the legislature should come out of the corridors of power to fulfill the needs of the people.
Politicians who represented the capitalist class are showering loans on the people. The poorman is being lured by the bankers with offers of zero percent interest. Loan on vehicle, education loan, marriage loan, housing loan, loan for the food, loan to repay the loan, it is loan all the way. Individuals are being turned into addicts of loans from their student days. They are being enslaved to the money-lenders for a life time. A policy has been thrashed out here to make keep people indebted from cradle to grave. Foreign funds are abundantly made available for the execution of the policy.
The banks and insurance firms are luring their clientele with loans. They offer loans to make your child a doctor or an engineer. They offer loan even for the marriages of your children. The commonman is being bombarded with the publicity of financial institutions whose interest is confined to the interest they earn by extending loans. Those who are chaining themselves to the regime of loan repayment are seldom understanding the banality of taking loans from these seemingly benevolent financial institutions.
People do not want loans, it is enough if their needs are fulfilled.
Where is the necessity for the people if all the money they pay to the exchequer in the form of taxes was spent for the public welfare alone.
Progress and development carry no meaning in this country so long as starvation deaths, murders, suicides, dowry deaths, unemployment, drinking water crisis continued to reign supreme.
There is no development until people continued to be deprived of food, shelter and water.
The words of the rulers carry no weight unless they satisfy the hunger of the starving masses. All talk of hitech, computers, globalisation and all is devoid of meaning unless the poor gets a morsel of food to satisfy his hunger.
The reader may see no connection between the problems narrated above and the poem he is going to read. But he should realise that the wealth of all nations is rooted in water. Water is omnipotent. Everything is there where there is water.
No individual, no intellectual, institution or ideology had inspired me to write this poem. I was not even prompted to write this after reading any treatise.
As I write this poem, I am forced to recall the instances that took place during my childhood, around the year 1965.
I still remember the child who used to eat ash to satisfy his hunger.
The beggar who used to lick the mango kernel in desperation is still vividly etched in my memory. The scene of a Dalit woman begging for a pail of drinking water at the village well is still fresh in my mind as if it happened yesterday.
The street urchins and rag-pickers who used to eat from the left outs of the leaf plates, thrown away in dustbins still shake my conscience. Recently I came across the same scene at the dust bin. There is one striking similarity between the scenes that I had witnessed four decades ago and the present one. Then there were only two beggars at the dust bin, their number has multiplied to ten in the present scene. That’s the state of our nation. That’s the development that took place since the past four decades.
I was ten years old when those scenes had first disturbed me. Unable to do anything else, I had taken-up a pencil that day, to jot down my first feelings…”there should have been mountains of rice, oceans of curry, tanks full of drinking water for everyone.” That’s the origin of my long poem.
yakkaluri sreeramulu
yakkaluri sreeramulu
Frontiers of all nations are defined by earth and water
In every nation each morsel of food is a result of hard toil
On a combination of earth and water
This globe is a treasure of mineral wealth and soil
All nations are born in
All wealth is rooted in…water…water
Is not water heavenly nectar?
The life sustainer and the life giver?
Yes, our land is a burning kiln
Fuelled by ever increasing debt
Our land knows only one season
That of drought
Summer is the regular feature of my place
Where rains are the most transient guests
That leaves behind pain and distress
Strange are our Rayalaseema
We have seasons of lightnings, windy dusty days
And also there are seasons in which lightnings strike like rain
Not just leaves
The trees themselves fall here during autumn
Its always summer here
The season that never allows a drop of rain to fall on earth
That never facilitates a seed to sprout
Our Rayalaseema is debris of weather
Shorn of seasonal variations
Our land is shaped in darkness
We had imagined that seeds sown would yield
Bunches of groundnut
Instead, seeds sprouted into sickles of drought
The sickles that slit many a throat
Hunger became our staple
Death our routine
Yes, soil itself is a mound of seeds
That germinates with a sprinkling of water
Grass sprouts soon after the rain
Irrespective of whether it is wasteland
Deserted land or desert itself
A shower is the mother of all greenery
There is no fault with the soil my dear,
All that is needed is water
Which can trigger germination even on rocks
I put to rest the ever-unresolved puzzle
Which comes first? the seed or the plant?
I say the pervasive seed comes first
As it germinates and blooms into greenery after each shower
We the residents of Rayalaseema
Seek not much
Only one crop of groundnut a year
Ragi is more precious for us than gems and diamonds
Rayalaseema is rain starved
Three bags of groundnut seed yields one bag of crop here
Lives here are perennially indebted
Oh farmer!
Those who broke your back praise you as the backbone of the nation
Never giving thought to your increasing pile of debt
You are a thorough pauper,
As none comes forth to lend you money and help
You can neither afford the rope to make the noose
Nor the wood for the pyre
You are deprived of means not just to live but also to die
The hunger of the stomach should be addressed first
Inorder to wipe out the tears of the eyes
And the agony of the heart
Water should be unshackled
to emancipate land from the clutches of drought
In my place, rain is like the bed wettings by a child
Greenery is sparse as showers are few and far between
Rains of this land seldom quench the thirst of the tongue
Nor are they sufficient for the plough
Rains do not help germinate seeds here
They come untimely to play havoc
Blame not the rains…
For the politics of false promises are the real culprits
The popular saying is wrong,
Snakes do not take vengeance
Cattle do not drown in mid-stream
Milch cows cannot prevent their udders from oozing wealth
Soil of my land is a mound of serpents
That prey on seeds sown by ryots
This soil swallows the hard labour of the farmer
To yield nothing
Drought reigons over this rocky land shorn of water
Hardened by hardships
Eyes seldom rest here
Our region has no dearth of name sake oceans and seas
The oceans hidden in the names of places
Bukkaraya Sanmudram, the ocean of Bukkaraya
Anantaraju Sagaram, the sea of Anantaraju
Racha Samudram, the royal ocean
Vijaya Samudram, the sea of victory
And many more
Do not be misled, these oceans are just for name sake
Not a drop of water in them
The thresholds of our homes are not adorned with fragrant flowers
Neither are there smiles on our lips
Rivers like Krishna, Tungabhadra, Nagari, Handri,
Papaghni, Chitravati, Gundlakamma, Pileru and Swarnamukhi
Abound the region
No trace of water in them, except thick thorny growths
The river beds present a pathetic picture
As huge trenches resulting from illicit quarrying of sand dot them
People of this land are likened to migratory birds
The birds that are always on the hunt for greener pastures
Hard toil is always a wasted effort in this drought afflicted land
The ancient irrigation tanks of our villages are seldom full
The stomachs of the drought affected always half filled
Each habitation is a well of tears
Not just water, even rocks are on sale at my place
The money-minded never mind to destroy our
Natural hillocks with gunpowder
They do not just prey on water, trees and flowers,
But also on natural rocks
The greed to make money does not leave out anything,
Neither land, water and rocks nor the air
This destruction of surroundings leave us only with blue skies
The skies that symbolise space, vacuum and nothingness
Oh human,
The money-minded, are commodifying water too
Let me tell you a fact as true as the inevitable death
A hunter will show no mercy on its prey
Rulers want their position intact
People’s problems bother them not
In this state of affairs
Water is costing twice the price of milk
Not much is required to stop suicides by farmers
Let just a fraction of the amount being spent liquor
Be allocated for water
Water is the cynosure of all eyes
In the drought affected region
Every village is full of deserted houses
That belonged to the migrated farmers
The deserted houses are longing for the return of their owners
Like a mother waiting for its dear ones
Every home is turning into a dark dungeon
Every village deprived of education
The stars scattered in the dark sky
Appear like the droplets of moisture
Hidden in an unyielding cloud
This drought has created an ocean of tears
Anantapur has become the land of half starved poor
Every inch of this land tells a heart wrenching saga of famine
Water is always focussed here
Women of this place maintain a stoic silence
Not because they’re munching betel-nut and leaf
Their fear is that the tears held back would roll down
If the mouth was opened
If nothing else, the elders of this land have
Monumental self-respect
They prefer to die a lonely death
Than to be a burden for others
The skies of this region too reflect drought
Moon is short of the moonlight
It has turned into a red hot globe
Treading a lonely path in the dark skies
This land is deprived of seasonal variations
We are prompt in paying taxes to the state
Never hesitant to sell our belongings to feed the exchequer
Homage to this land
Vande Mataram, Sujalaam suphalaam
Malayaja Sheethalam, Sasyasyaamalaam
We are prompt in paying taxes on death
Kadapa, Kurnool, Chittoor and Anantapur
Present a portrait of drought
The portrayal of dying cattle and farmers is quite clear
Every village is a picture of destruction
Rayalaseema is a burning gunpowder
It’s a story of starvation and hunger
For the 53 legislators of this region
Polls present a festive season
That visits once in five years
The 55 years of self-rule gave the people
nothing but endless famine
There is deprivation and politics of mutual destruction
No dearth faction-born violence
No sir, our fields do not want
Streams of empty promises
Give them a few wettings to prevent hunger
Do not bring oceans of falsehood to our lips
Quench our thirst with true water
Give a handful of grain
To satisfy our hunger
Do not encourage blood-shed and rancour
Oh farmer,
Do not incur debt to drill borewells
That are bound to yield nothing
Do not pledge land for water
Do not be driven into debt trap
Give water to farmer
He will give piles of grains
Let us break the boundaries
Take-up tools!
To dig parallel canal from river Tungabhadra
See the contradiction
Rivers are flowing waste into oceans
While deprivation of water
Was ruining people’s lives
Arrest of the wasteful flow of river waters into the ocean
Can make drought give way to prosperity
Let us rise for a share in river waters
Instead of wasting time on watching clouds
Like the sunken eyes of our ryots
Our irrigation tanks are also symbolising drought
Look at the towns that are encroaching agricultural fields
The buildings are standing erect like sepulchres built in open fields
Oh politician,
Do not mislead us by linking the crop failure with evasive rains
Do not decieve us by denying water
Water does not flow towards the lowly here
Neither is the debt incurred by farmers ever repaid
Dried-up irrigation tanks are appearing like scabs on mother earth’s face
Hail the politician who showers on us colourful promises
Greet him for his knack to make us run behind mirages
Set aside oh farmer,
The worry over delayed rains
Surge ahead to demand a share in river waters
See the banality of the poll promises
Even foundation stones have begun to crumble
Dreams of pending projects are coming down crashing
Farmers of this region are not seeking money
Neither poll promises coated in honey
They want a share in river waters
In lieu of the tears bursting since ages
A wetting or two is all that is sought
My dear,
When you stretch your hand
For a pail of water
These politicians thurst into it
Flags of varied colours
Strange are these fellows,
The one in white shirt posted a flag in your hands
One in yellow shirt placed another on the head
The red shirted one pierced a flag post into the heart
The saffronite burnt you alive
And there is one wearing multi-coloured shirt
The one they call the opportunist
Holds flags of all colours in his hand
Waiting for the right opportunity to ascend the seat
These politicians are decievers to the core
They make promises just for votes
These guileful leaders are quite ubiquitous
Having mastered the knack of empty promises
These scoundrels bring to our lips
Oceans of empty words
What are the agendas of political parties
If not deceptive mirages
None of them ever pays
Heed to people’s aspirations and urges
Look our fields are burning
Enough if you give them water
We have no thirst for your boons
The day before
They had colonised country after country
For the sake of wealth
The other day
They occupied countries for
The fossil fuels hidden in their core
They are searching for the roots
Of Ganges and Brahmaputra
To master over sources of water
Like a lunatic who looks at your finger
When you point out to him the moon and the star
All politcal parties are
Gazing at your cupped palms
Not to pour water into them to quench your thirst
But to grab your vote
Who has the leisure to look at you
Your water woes
Your welling tears
Politicians are predators with a taste for blood
They will not hear your pleas for water
Yes, the mineral water plants
That commodified water
Should be destroyed
The rulers who liberalised norms
To allow trade of Cola coloured water
Should be questioned
The share market that trades human lives
Should be obliterated
The heads of the governments
That transform land, water and air
Into tradable mercandise should be humbled
My tributes to the moon
That lights-up the skies
Like my own kind which is likened to a lamp
Which is fuelled by water
Beauty and wonder abound nature
Every being’s need for survival
Is met by a slice of bread and a little water
Listen my brother,
Learn to question
Before an interrogative hangs on your future
Consequences would be horrible if you forget this
Man has right over water, land and freedom
Where else will he go
If all those were in doom
People are engrossed
In television sets and films
And empty talk of the glory of foreign lands
The struggle for water is
Left to political parties
Of various hues
Struggle for them is a means to empower themselves
Once ensconsed in the seat they seldom talk of struggles
Life is a burning kiln in Rayalaseema
Death stalks everywhere here
Where soil is starved of water
Leaders of this land seldom bother
Their sole concern is the vote
And the object of their struggle is the “seat”
Both opposition and treasury are positioned for money
People’s water woes fetch them power
The source of earning pelf,
And to aggrandise themselves
We are left to wrench the air to squeeze moisture
Lo behold! Even air has turned impure
The farmers who incurred huge debts
To drill borewells in their fields
Ultimately hung themselves
To the ceilings of their homes
The pits left behind by failed bids to drill borewells
Are turning into graves for our children
The pits are so innumerable that
They are sufficient to gulp all our young ones
Greenery remained a mirage
And water a rarity in our parched country
But deception is a trait that
Never deserted our polity
The MNCs are exploring here
For diamonds and fossil fuelds
The treasures hidden in this land’s belly
Are covered by sandy deserts
This drought is a serpent
That thrives by sucking human blood
See the irony
The water problem is getting more projection
Than its solution
It is a problem kept ever burning
Resolution would imperil the existence of politicians
Hunger is never resolved
Because that could make every one
Vie for a share in power
Venomous serpents inhabit the fields here
The electorate of Rayalaseema
Has been voting for dacoits
The serpents who give fatal bite
In lieu of the vote
Peep deeper into the hearts of the people
You will find burial grounds of hopes and aspirations
These voters are offering
Milk to the political serpent mound
Where exploiters of the most crass kind abound
Polity is driving mankind towards slavery
Where the urge for political power
Is satiated with currency
Problem is at the core of all politics truly
Human hearts are being drilled
This exercise will yield blood not water
Verily, problem is the source of all politics
The whir and rattle of the machines drilling borewells
Have turned into a song of death to the farmers
A song of furious resonation is being heard in all villages
As increasing number of drillers seek to dig borewells
Dear, Rayalaseema’s problem is not lack of rainfall
It is the betrayal by the politicials
Who are always on the look out for votes
People can be kept impoverished by shackling waters
Recourse can be taken to Procrastination
To lull public with empty assurances
Politics are extending to your lips
Waters that had colour and taste
You know water has neither colour nor taste
It is the pure water on which the mankind subsist
Water unites you and me
It is the song of life
The secret of all creation
Water is the link between the skies and the earth
It is the synonym of oceans
Truly it is all abounding love
And the motive behind wars too
Water is awareness
The path to progress
The germinating seed
The blooming flower
All are nourished by the heavenly nectar called water
Beloved water’s beauty glows despite its simplicity
It is a mass of free flowing shapeless beauty
Water is money
It is the panacea
The foundation of all history
Water is everything
It smiles in the sprouting seed
Spreads fragrance through the flower
It is the mother of a tree’s shadow
And the origin of a bird’s nest
Water is a totality
It is the all pervading cool twine
Hugging the globe
The most precious wealth
Water is a colourless, odourless amrit
That always kept humanity mesmerised
The hidden meaning of works of folk artists
The sole language understood by all those in thirst
Dearest drink for all people
The ultimate potion that has no substitute
The liquid that quenches the thirst of all the creatures
That’s water…water.
A poem by….. yakkaluri sreeramulu
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On Abortion, the GOP Tacks Right
Flickr/Paul Weaver
In March of 2012, Virginia governor Bob McDonnell was in trouble. The Republican-dominated state legislature had passed a measure that would require women seeking abortions in the early stages of pregnancy to have a transvaginal sonogram—a procedure in which a wand is inserted into the vagina. Pro-choice activists jumped on the bill, calling it “state-sanctioned rape.” The outrage went national, and the conservative governor with aspirations to higher office backed off. A version of the sonogram bill did make it into law, but it does not specifically require transvaginal sonograms, just the better-known “jelly on the belly” type.
The People’s Bank
Prospects for Legal Marijuana? Higher and Higher
Flickr/Torben Bjørn Hansen
Take That, Political Science!
AP Photo/Lawrence Jackson
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0.186776 | <urn:uuid:f8eab865-c9b7-4b90-9397-6bbbbac3deca> | en | 0.944489 | Ancient Chinese History
Created by wingman97
18 terms
a unit of an empire
relative who lived in the past; person from whom one is descended
civil service
practice of government employment based on competitive examinations and merit
Shang Dynasty
earliest ruling dynasty known in China
Bronze Age
nickname for the Shang dynasty because of the large amount of bronze that was used at the time for tools and weapons
Qin Dynasty
established in 221 BCE at the end of the Waring States Period; founded by Qin Shi Huangdi; reorganized China into large provinces; Great Wall was begun
Han Dynasty
A great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the Qin dynasty and adopted Confucian principles. Han rulers chose officials on merit rather than birth. It was a time of prosperity
Ming Dynasty
A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia
Mandate From Heaven
The belief that an emperor has an allowance from heaven to rule; this is revoked during times of disaster
rice paddies
an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown
a series of rulers from the same family
"The Way" In Chinese philosophy. It is the single unified source where all life in the universe originated
In the Zhou Dynasty, a Chinese philosopher and teacher who taught respect for family and elders and proper behavior in society.
Confucius's greatest disciple; he has been called the second sage; wrote the Analects.
Collection of the ideas and teachings of Confucius.
A Chinese philosophy of government emphasizing strong authority (because people were naturally 'bad'.
system of beliefs introduced by the Chinese thinker Confucius; taught that people needed to have a sense of duty to their family and community in order to bring peace to society
A Chinese philosophy in which people live a simple life in harmony with nature.
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0.304715 | <urn:uuid:16f8f4e7-bde8-4efa-9648-c63be3ed0e9d> | en | 0.978204 | where the writers are
The Writing Day
The writing day is just beginning after hours of working in the real world where they pay me real money.
I've found that real money can be very useful. For example, say you want a double shot Mexican Mocha, just to pull something from my thinking cap. They want real money for it. The one time I gave them imaginary money at the Beanery, they supplied me with an imaginary drink.
It grew old after taking a few imaginary sips and not noticing any imaginary effects.
Yesterday and last night was all about studying the effects of stresses and boundaries on my writing productivity. It was a desultory study, confirming what I suspected: I like my habits and routines. Cats meowing and trying to turn my lap into their personal nests and a sick, coughing wife are intrusions to said habits and routines. I was sympathetic to wives and cats but the flaming ass of a writer is jealous of his team and self-centered about his needs.
See, he's not just writing, he says. It's a need.
Walking to the B today, the Writer was excited. Idling during the storms and outages had inflamed his thinking and imagination. He had four things to add to one story -- "See, and there are shapeshifters, and the memories he has are not his memories because that's not who he is, and there's still the flight -- there's so much to write, we have to get going, come on, come on. Then, in the other story, Heavenly realized this so you need to go back and add just that one piece, and also, while they're in the school's hallway, Blubbering Bob starts losing it, so we need to edit that sequence, just a little fluffing of the details, that's all I'm asking. Meanwhile, I was thinking about a sequel to 'Red & Blue'. We should write that, too."
He's like a little kid. "Just exactly how many hours in the day do you think there are, Michael?"
"I know, I know, but you can squeeze in a few extra hours of writing. Just do that for a couple days, and you'll have a few more stories. Come on, I swear to God, it'll be easy. I promise."
That's a writer for you, full of promise and other matter. | http://redroom.com/member/michael-seidel/blog/the-writing-day-69 | dclm-gs1-285390002 | false | false | {
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0.0184 | <urn:uuid:2148373a-836c-4897-b738-eb9d4d557807> | en | 0.9836 | where the writers are
Obama Let's Vote ya'll
All I have to say is Vote. Vote. Vote and VOTE!!!
I have become transfixed with the goings on of politicians and the media. MSNBC, CNN, Network Television and Fox have become some of my bestest friends. Here I am able to take a look at grown, so called smart folks; telling me what I should and should not have understood about what I just heard. I agree that the country is not where it should be and yet who in their right mind thinks that anyone can come into a new organization and immediately every facet of that organization changes. I have been working most of my adult like and I can say that never, ever, ever have I seen that happen. There is always someone that thinks they know better and depending on their seniority and their own beliefs about who they think they are and who they think you are, there will be no changing here mister! We have been doing it this way since I have been here and by gosh, nothing is going to change.
Now, take all of this deep entrenchment in individual elbow shoving and add the color factor and the social and political commentators have simply lost their minds. How many ways can you spin the story? As I was watching Fox, they were playing sound bites of some of the statements that our President Obama spoke while he was campaigning in 2008! Yes his dreaming voice took over and his belief that compromise across the aisles is evident in his speeches. However, one cannot compare and then highlight a dream as a fact and a desire as a basis of constant criticism and comparison. The flip side of our President in all aspects comes Romney and now Ryan. Two men who have allowed their handlers to co-opt who they really are on the inside.
If theRepublicans would have sat back and remembered what happened to McCain once Palin came on board, they should have been able to draw comparisons and realize that we have to embrace the man that we choose as his own man. We can not change the man for the party. The man has to be the people. When McCain stepped out from behind his people, I know deep down in his heart he knew that he had given some of who he was away for the party. Romney will do the same. I am not a big fan of Ryan and all I can say there is no real reason. Like some of the old folks which I have now become say, there is something about that boy that I just don’t trust and I can’t wrap my hands around it.
Obama is a thinker, a reader, a trend setter , a trail blazer, a God fearing man and a man who incorporates the actual word “scripture” in his speeches. All of us should Vote. If not for ourselves but for our children and their children. As grown folks, we have really messed up the future pretty doggone bad for all of our children. Let’s continue on this upward trajectory and move Forward to continue re-building this country instead of taking it back to the abyss of certain destruction. Let’s not be like crabs in the bucket pulling everyone down – let’s help each one out of the bucket and this does mean allowing someone else to climb to the top first and then they must reach back and get the next one out. | http://redroom.com/member/yolande-barial/blog/obama-lets-vote-yall | dclm-gs1-285400002 | false | false | {
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0.01986 | <urn:uuid:39fc4664-f530-4c79-ad38-73eff66f7ade> | en | 0.972575 |
Spiritual leader of Dagestani Muslims killed in suicide blast
Published time: August 28, 2012 14:23
Edited time: August 29, 2012 03:23
Sheikh Said Afandi (Image from saidafandi.ru)
Download video (12.08 MB)
A Muslim leader of the Russian Republic of Dagestan has been assassinated in his home, according to law enforcement sources. Sheikh Said Afandi died after a suicide bomber apparently set off an explosive device in his house.
According to police officers on the ground, at least six other people died in the blast, including the female suicide bomber. The house has been surrounded, and police are working at the scene. The device, according to sources close to the investigation, was not very powerful, so the officers have already managed to identify the attacker. According to preliminary data the attacker was Aminat Saprykin, a local resident of Makhachkala and the wife of a militant trained as a suicide bomber, sources told Interfax.
The Republic's President Magomedsalam Magomedov, has announced August 29th will be a day of mourning.
"After suffering multiple injuries, Sheikh Said Afandi died on the spot. Another 5 people, including a child, were also killed. Many were injured. This horrible tragedy has shaken Dagestan, and caused pain and outrage among our people".
74-year-old Said Afandi, a well-known Sufi cleric, was considered one of the Republic's top spiritual leaders. His father died when Afandi was just seven years old. Halfway through highschol, he dropped out to become a shepherd and financially support his family. He served in the Soviet Army and worked as a firefighter before coming to religion at the age of 32.
In his last years, Afandi mostly wrote books, many of which were translated into Russian and English. He was also fond of poetry, and was a keen poet himself.
Tens of thousands of people came to pay their respects to Afandi as he was buried before sunset on August 28.
Watch the video of the ceremony (video courtesy YouTube user riadagestan)
Witnesses say as many as 150,000 men came to express their condolences to the family. Women are traditionally not involved in funerals in the republic, but paid their condolences to the female part of the sheikh’s family.
Security in Makhachkala, the republic's capital, was ramped up following the cleric’s assassination, RT’s Nadezhda Kevorkova reports. Riot police were deployed in several parts of the city, particularly around the Juma Mosque and nearby alleys.
August 29 was officially announced a day of mourning in the republic.
Attacks against spiritual leaders in Russia have been on the rise recently. Less than two months ago, the mufti of the Russian Republic of Tatarstan was seriously injured in a car bomb, and another cleric was gunned down outside his apartment in the republic's capital, Kazan.
The news of Afandi's murder came as Russian President Vladimir Putin called for religious tolerance during a visit to the Republic of Tatarstan.
"Religious tolerance has been one of the foundations of Russian statehood for centuries," Putin said before granting a state award to Tatarstan's chief mufti, who survived a car bombing in July on the same day as one of his deputies was shot dead.
"Those who want to destroy this statehood are taking aim at this (tolerance)," Putin said. "But the criminals will never achieve their dirty goals. They have no future. They will not succeed – not here in Tatarstan and the Volga region, not in the North Caucasus, not in any region of our big country."
Said Afandi is not the first prominent Muslim cleric to be assassinated in Dagestan in the past year. Just months ago, a local immam was killed and the mosque set on fire in a small village in the republic. In March, the imam of a mosque in Buynaksk, a city in Dagestan, was assassinated by a remote-controlled explosive device. Sirajudin Israfilov, the imam of a Sufi mosque in the town of Derbent, was shot dead at his home in October.
Image from Facebook
Image from Facebook
Comments (54)
tricky (unregistered) 29.08.2012 11:02
Fact (unregistered) wrote in #15
Religion s are dangerous to all people, especially when adherents want to impose their relition on the rest of the world, but also when the group insists that their religion is superior to all others and therefore outsiders can be killed, maimed, oppressed, and enslaved.
For that reason, countries like the US, Israel, and Islamic countries should not be allowed to have nuclear weapons. But becaue several of of them do, then all have a right to defend themselves with the same level of weaponry.
If one of the religions or countries had knowledge of how to enhance life for everyone, that entity should be the sole superpower. The US only knows how to kill, maim, torture, and imprison. Everyone knows how to do that. That is no justification for being labeled a superpower. ============With out religion you may as well go live in the jungle where anything goes.
Religion should be used as a tool to stir the soul and therby become conscious of oneself through thought, word and deed.
This is where spirituality is all important as it allows independent thought, rather than to blindly follow. Is is more nurturing for the soul to question than be told. True understanding comes from one's own experience-not by another's.
Evan (unregistered) 29.08.2012 11:02
To those who claim to be Christian like some Western countries, they are nothing more than an arshole. they use religion to carry out their dirty work. You foken are disgrace to this world, wait until the day you die because you will eventually die and then will see where you are going to end up. dumpars they are so into this life knowing it is short and they are hanging on to it as if it is going to last forever.
Zionist Jew (unregistered) 29.08.2012 08:28
I am a Jew, we have killed the Muslims and labelled them a terrorist, obviously by the hands of our christian frie nds...!
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0.25017 | <urn:uuid:16476472-dfd1-4b6b-93e9-51e164e785f5> | en | 0.963145 | Forgot your password?
User Journal
Journal: DeviantArt thinks this is spam 2
Journal by squiggleslash
[Just saving this here in case I need to point to it. Long story short - never try. Someone posted a question. I wrote an answer. Then wasted five minutes signing up because DA pretends you can comment when you don't have an account then hits you with the sign in barrier. So you sign up, enter lots of crap, open Yahoo mail to retreive the confirmation email, confirm, then you're landed me on an unrelated page. So I had to back out until I found the comment form in my history. Fortunately the comment was still there. Then I resubmitted it. "DeviantArt can't post this message because we think it is spam." Uh, what? So I cut the comment, reloaded the page - in case there were expired magic tokens or some other never-works-in-practice anti-spam crap, repasted, and got the same message.
So.... then I said "Screw it", and tried to cancel the account. Which it refused to do, because it had forgotten my password. I knew my password, but no, DeviantArt thought I didn't. (OK, perhaps I made a typo when setting it up, but just curious DA assholes: you prompted me twice for my email address, which I can read, and which you're going to send me a confirmation email to anyway, but only once for the password which I can't read because each letter's replaced by a black circle. Does this make sense to you? No? Me neither.)
But, of course, DeviantArt didn't need my password anyway, it jsut insisted on it. You see (1) I'm already logged in and (2) DA's going to send a confirmation email to that email address I had to enter twice. But, fuck, OK, send me my password reset thingie. What's that? You can't? Not until I log out? Oh. My. Fucking God.
Last action on my part while still logged in is to send a nastygram to the person who wanted help. OK, it was polite actually, but I was seething.I actually signed up to DeviantArt to show you. Unfortunately DA says my comment is "spam". There are no links, it's just a list of instructions. To add insult to injury I can't now cancel the account as it reports the password - the one I set five minutes ago - is incorrect.
So, anywho, log out, remind password, open Yahoo mail, click on link, reset password, log in, close account, yes I'm sure, re-enter password, open Yahoo mail, click on link, YES, I already said YES SEVERAL SODDING TIMES you DICK. Why? You're asking me WHY? You call me a fucking spammer because I try to help someone? Reason entered. Yes. OK. Closed.
No good deed goes unpunished.]
It's not pretty, but I found you can get by by using unity-2d-panel.
1. Make sure you have Cinnamon set up to only show a bottom panel.
2. Open a terminal and run "gnome-session-properties"
3. Click "Add", and in the dialog box that comes up enter "unity-2d-panels" in both the Name and Command field. Save and close.
4. Restart your Cinnamon session.
This, obviously, only works if you're running Ubuntu. It may not work in very recent Ubuntus - I recall reading somewhere Unity 2D is not supported in more recent versions (I'm running 12.04) - if in doubt, before doing any of this type "which unity-2d-panel" at the command line and see if it can find that application or gives you an error message.
User Journal
Journal: Aaron Swartz and I 1
Journal by squiggleslash
I still remember the day that I nearly met Aaron Swartz. I was at a hackers convention in my bedroom, and as I stared at my computer screen, I started writing a journal entry about some political thing or other. I forget which. But anyway, if Aaron had happened to be in my house at the same time on that day, which he wasn't, but if he had, and I'd gone down to the kitchen to get some orange juice, I think it's highly likely we'd have met.
I like to think that Aaron would have read my journal entry and said "Well said, I agree entirely with what you just wrote." And in that regards, I feel like the two of us ultimately were fighting the same war for a greater good. True, Aaron was liberating locked down academic information that should have been available to everyone, and I was probably complaining about the lack of universal healthcare, or criticising the latest version of Ubuntu, but in the sense that we were both "out there", saying what we believed in and fighting for what we believed in, and I'm sure Aaron would have agreed with me, I think we were on the same team.
RIP Aaron Swartz.
(c) All IT commentators and pundits
User Journal
Journal: APK stuff 1
Journal by squiggleslash
Microsoft's Hosts file changes in Windows 8 generated a predictable discussion about, and then by, APK, but this discussion caught my eye and I thought was worth raising in a "Mind boggled" way.
The pertinent points:
- APK made a claim about his code that resulted in someone calculating that it was taking about 4 million CPU cycles, or up to 16 million instructions, to process each HOSTS file entry.
- In the ensuing discussion, APK said that his algorithm processes each entry multiple times. He also claims that a slightly optimization to his method would result in the algorithm becoming 98% accurate.
- He also claims, if I understand it correctly, that his code actually turns off the Windows process scheduler - by apparently giving this batch processing code a "realtime" priority - while it runs, for extra speed.
- The reason it takes 4-16 million cycles per record? Apparently, again quoting APK, this is because there's string processing involved with 11 string operations on each record.
Now, to be clear, we're talking about a program whose job is apparently to generate a hosts file from a list of hostnames, deduping and doing other minor clean-up operations on the list, and writing it all out with "" on the front of each hostname. For the deduping, apparently APK's using a sort - and he denies using a bubblesort, so I guess that's something. Me, I'd use a hash table, but what do I know?
I'm not trying to get at APK, but is anyone else having a WTF moment based upon the above description?
User Journal
Journal: I swear Austrian economists are the most stupid on earth 2
Journal by squiggleslash
(Just to be clear: by Austrian, I'm talking about the school. It's possible that economists who live near Germany are also stupid, but that's not what I'm talking about.)
From what I can see, the logic is:
1. Follow a theory to its logical conclusion. Eg. "All government actions are bad + "socialist" (ie "government does things") governments provide healthcare" -> "Nobody has access to healthcare in socialist countries", "No healthcare -> people die early", "If people die early, there are no old people!"
2. Assert logical conclusion as fact, without checking. "Yeah, well of course Britain doesn't have a pension problem, everyone dies before the age of 30 in that country!"
3. When others assert "WTF", come up with logical process rather than facts. "Uh, hello. Britain has socialist healthcare! Nobody in Britain can possibly live long enough to reach the age of 30, given they all die of preventable diseases!"
4. Simply ignore statements to the contrary. "No, Britain's socialist healthcare system means everyone dies before the age of 30. And Keynesianism is totally discredited."
User Journal
Journal by squiggleslash
What I got were arguments along the lines of:
1. You're counting visitors. You should be counting websites.
I'm not exaggerating. I don't mean "You stated black is white!!! You idiot! White and black are at completely different luminescences! How is this http://example.com/white.jpg remotely like this example.com/black.jpg?" I mean "You're a dumbass, the sample size is one not half a million"
User Journal
Journal: Troll proposal 5
Journal by squiggleslash
Wondering if it'd be worth writing a "standard troll" (you know, like *BSD is dying, My Mac Sucks, that kind of thing) from a "Tablet enthusiast" that'd, well, make the point about how utterly ridiculous the things are.
User Journal
Journal: Dear President Obama 2
Journal by squiggleslash
It's been, like, two and a half years. And you haven't taken Pudge's guns away.
It's not like he doesn't deserve it, and he's pretty much expecting you to do it anyway. And I'm pretty sure Pudge's guns have more useful things they could be doing. They could be given to our military to help defend our nation against terrorists. Or, even better, you could give them to poor people, to defend themselves when they're trying to vote.
As it is, I'm pretty sure the big fat paranoid idiot solely uses them as something for his fingers to stroke when he's downloading porn over the Internet. And that's not just creepy, it's also dangerous.
Journal: Vista/Windows 8 Hype Log. 1
Journal by twitter
Journal by twitter
User Journal
Journal: Another thing on economics 8
Journal by squiggleslash
I posted a long-ass comment about why the Fed uses "Core Inflation" rather than "Headline Inflation" in my live journal, before coming here and finding stuff that's even worse.
So, a comment, based upon reading a subthread by one of my "friends", and also comments that get posted to the same blogs I was complaining about in the above article:
You can't get out of a depression by having "deflation": you see, that's what a depression pretty much is.
Journal: What is Florian Mueller telling Slashdot? 7
Journal by twitter
Android/Google Spin.
Red Hat FUD
Novell's Patent Hoard.
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0.059477 | <urn:uuid:c63496e3-40ec-4f85-bc99-effdf974eb0b> | en | 0.986537 | Days Of Our Lives Recaps
DAYS Week of February 15, 2010
Monday's show was preempted for the 2010 Winter Olympics.
When Chloe arrived at the hospital, Daniel revealed he had a surprise for her. Chloe was thrilled to learn she could have a sonogram performed immediately. Daniel said they had a decision to make: Did they want to know their baby's gender? Sadly, the doctor only had bad news to deliver: he didn't see a fetus. Chloe insisted there was something wrong with the equipment. Daniel asked for a minute alone with Chloe and gently reiterated she wasn't pregnant.
EJ and Sami spatted about Rafe. EJ couldn't believe Sami was "shacking up with" the man who likely killed their daughter and pressed Sami to face the truth. Sami insisted Sydney wasn't dead and Rafe would find her. Later, Sami sat with Rafe, who asked how things went with EJ. Sami admitted EJ got to her by saying they'd never find Sydney, because she was dead. Rafe wanted to go have it out with EJ for upsetting Sami. Sami suggested he simply prove EJ wrong by bringing Sydney home. Rafe promised he would.
EJ turned up at the cabin and went off about Sami and Rafe. "She is supposed to be suffering for what she did," spat EJ. Anna thought EJ was taking things too far. EJ insisted Sami deserved utter devastation. "I will not see her happy with any other man," he vowed, heading outside for some air. Anna got a call from Rafe, saying they needed to talk. Anna agreed to meet Rafe at the police station. EJ returned, noting meeting Rafe was fine as long as Anna stuck to the script. Anna said she would, but needed to know one thing: Was EJ planning to kill Sami?
Philip told Brady he was the happiest guy on earth, while Arianna asked Melanie if she was having second thoughts before the ceremony. Melanie swore she wasn't; then, went to look for Stephanie. Steph was outside talking to Nathan, who was anxious to leave on their getaway. Steph had something to tell him. Vivian intercepted Melanie. Up on the roof, Lexie complimented Abe on the wonderful job he did officiating at the wedding. Steph told Nathan she wanted to find true love, like Melanie and Philip had. Did he feel the same way? Nathan swore he wanted a new beginning with Steph, and they left. Vivian told Melanie she had a gift for her: she'd found out some information about her mother. Vivian coaxed Melanie to the roof to discuss it. Brady teased Arianna about wanting to propose, after seeing how happy Philip and Melanie were. Will gave Mia a necklace for Valentine's Day. Mia showed it to Lucas, who made a derogatory crack to Mia. Will was tired of the festivities and suggested he and Mia leave. Maggie told Victor she loved Melanie like a daughter, so she'd be watching how the Kiriakis family treated her.
Nathan and Steph walked into their room at Alpine Valley. When Nathan moved in for a kiss, Steph seemed hesitant. Nathan asked if she still had doubts about Melanie, and swore there was nothing between them. "Don't you trust that I have feelings for you?" he asked Steph. Steph did, and they resumed kissing. A hotel worker interrupted, noting Nathan had left his car lights on. As Nathan went to shut them, Steph thought about the letter Melanie gave her to deliver to Nathan.
Bo showed up at the warehouse, found Hope trapped under the boxes, and pulled her free. He begged Hope to hang on; an ambulance was on its way. Later, at the hospital, a doctor told Bo that Hope was unconscious, but would make a full recovery. Bo begged Hope to wake up. When she finally did, he asked what happened. "Carly..." muttered Hope. A doctor rushed in when Hope became agitated and stabilized her.
Carly arrived at the mansion. Maggie told her Vivian took Melanie to the roof. Upstairs, Vivian coaxed Melanie to the edge of the roof. Downstairs, Philip looked for his missing bride. Vivian told Melanie she had a history with her mother, when Carly burst onto the scene. "Get away from her!" Carly demanded. Vivian said it was too late. Carly fired her gun, just as Melanie jumped in front of Vivian. Melanie collapsed. Carly raced to her side. Philip rushed upstairs, as Carly wailed that she'd shot her daughter. Philip ordered Carly away from Melanie. Lexie arrived and started CPR on Melanie. Carly cried that she was Melanie's mother and wanted to hold her child.
The chaos continued on the Kiriakis rooftop. Carly cried out that she wanted to hold the bleeding Melanie, while Lexie ordered Abe to call the EMTs. The paramedics arrived and wheeled Melanie off. A cop began to arrest Carly. Brady pointed out her arm was hurt and she needed to go to the hospital. Victor stopped Vivian, who wanted to follow, scolding her for her poisoned comb plot. He wondered if Vivian brought Melanie up to the roof to throw her off it and surmised Carly was shooting at her. Later, Victor and Vivian joined Lucas and Kate downstairs. Kate wondered why Carly would shoot her own daughter. Vivian said Carly had "a screw loose." Victor and Vivian headed for the hospital. Kate thought Vivian seemed awfully jumpy. She realized Vivian had something to do with Melanie's shooting and promised to make her pay.
Rafe kissed Sami at the pub, promising they'd get Sydney back. Then, he headed off to question Anna. Meanwhile, EJ instructed Anna to "stick to the script" when she spoke to Rafe. Before she left, Rafe told Anna to fetch the clothes Sydney was wearing when Nicole took her. Later, on the pier, EJ tossed Sydney's bloodstained clothes into the water. (Via a voiceover, viewers learned the blood came from a nosebleed.) EJ phoned Sami and summoned her to the mansion. When Sami arrived, EJ gave her a photo of Sydney as an apology. It was not his place to judge her relationship with Rafe. At the police station, Rafe began interviewing Anna, who swore she knew nothing about Sydney's kidnapping. Suddenly, Rafe got a call and left. He showed up on EJ's doorstep to deliver the bad news: the cops found clothes they believed were Sydney's in the river and there was blood on them. Rafe said forensics was analyzing them. Sami sobbed. EJ insisted the evidence wasn't conclusive. "I just know that my baby girl is out there somewhere ... I have hope and I have faith, and you have to have that, too," pleaded EJ.
Chloe remained in denial about not being pregnant. Daniel explained that she was having an hysterical pregnancy. Chloe burst into tears. Daniel consoled her. Dr. White barged into the room, noting Daniel was needed for an emergency. Daniel raced out. Lexie explained Carly shot Melanie. Maxine found Bo in Hope's room and told him what happened. Melanie was wheeled off. Philip asked Carly why she shot Melanie. "Vivian was trying to kill her. I was trying to stop Vivian," insisted Carly. Philip vowed to kill Carly, if Melanie died. A cop questioned Carly. Abe said she needed to call a lawyer. In the OR, Daniel and Lexie pondered what to do about the bullet that was close to Melanie's heart. Bo found Carly and asked how Vivian got to Melanie. Justin learned Hope was hurt and raced to her room. He arrived in time to hear her mutter she loved Bo. Carly spied Vivian, who'd arrived with Victor, and chastised her for showing her face there. "I will kill you," she vowed. Bo vowed Vivian would pay for what she did to Melanie. "Vivian didn't shoot Melanie. Carly did," clarified Victor. Bo was stunned. Carly wailed that she was trying to save Melanie by killing Vivian. Inside the OR, Melanie flatlined and Daniel tried to revive her.
Arianna and Chloe were at the pub picking up food for everyone at the hospital. Arianna brought up Chloe's pregnancy. Chloe confessed she wasn't with child. Arianna noted there was always a next time. Chloe sobbed that there wouldn't be.
"It's time to make myself into a fantasy," Stephanie told Nathan, before heading to the bathroom to change. Nathan went to unpack and accidentally knocked Steph's purse onto the floor. As he picked things up, Steph emerged in her fantasy outfit. She snapped at Nathan for going through her stuff; then, admitted she was just nervous. Soon, she and Nathan were in bed making love. Afterwards, Nathan assured Steph there was nowhere else he'd rather be.
Vivian and Carly made accusations at one another regarding what happened on the Kiriakis roof. Abe told Bo to arrest Carly or he'd have to find someone else who would. In the OR, Daniel worked feverishly to revive Melanie, who flatlined. Carly wanted to join the operating team. Philip forbade it. Lexie emerged and reported Melanie "coded on the table," but Daniel was working to revive her. Carly went to donate blood. Vivian tried to comfort Philip, but he rejected her. Kate arrived with Lucas and began spatting with Vivian. Philip made them stop. Victor promised Vivian that if Melanie didn't survive, life as she knew it would be over. Carly filled Bo in on the details leading up to the shooting — her kidnapping, Vivian's deadly comb plot that Victor intercepted, taking Hope's gun ... "I never should've come back to Salem," she lamented. Kate consoled Philip, while Daniel encouraged Melanie to fight and took her off bypass. Lexie informed Daniel that Carly was Melanie's mother. Bo took Carly aside and arrested her. Abe announced he was taking Vivian in as a suspect, too. The cops and their suspects left. Kate tore into Victor for bringing Vivian into his house, certain they were both plotting to take Carly down. Philip asked if Victor knew Carly and Melanie were mother/daughter. Victor sidestepped, insisting whatever Vivian did, she acted alone and that he was praying for Melanie.
At the station, Bo questioned Vivian. Vivian exercised her right to remain silent. Bo noted that when Hope woke up, she would corroborate Carly's story. He suggested Vivian pray that Melanie survived. Lawrence's ghost taunted Carly, praising her for taking down Melanie with one bullet. Bo got off the phone and told Vivian she was free to go, but warned her not to get too comfortable. Vivian left. Lawrence told Carly the next time she wanted to protect someone she loved to turn the gun on herself.
Daniel and Lexie announced that Melanie's heart was beating again. Philip asked to see her. Victor got a call and informed everyone Vivian was released by the cops for lack of evidence. Kate accused Victor of protecting her. Vivian stood alone and muttered how she'd done this all for her darling Lawrence. Bo took Carly down to her cell. "If Melanie dies, Bo, I hope they give me the death sentence, because I couldn't live with myself,"
contended Carly. Bo promised to support Carly. Philip entered Melanie's room and put her wedding ring on her finger, while Carly prayed that Melanie knew how much she loved her.
Sami lamented to EJ about praying for a sign about Sydney and now they had this bloody dress. EJ noted they didn't know anything for certain and hugged Sami. Then, he told her stories about Sydney. Finally, Rafe got a call from forensics. It was bad news. Sydney's blood was on the clothes. Sami sobbed. Rafe and EJ insisted this didn't prove anything definitively. Rafe vowed to find the person responsible for this. Sami just wanted her daughter back. EJ flashed back to telling Sydney how he wanted her, Johnny and him to be together. Sami went off about not giving Sydney's kidnapper money, so she threw her little girl away, just like she told Rafe she would. Rafe and Sami left. EJ remembered telling Johnny he might be hearing things about his sister, but they wouldn't be true. Later, at the pub, Sami phoned someone and summoned them there. Lucas arrived and hugged Sami. Sami wondered how they were going to tell Allie about her sister. Lucas noticed Rafe on the phone. Sami overheard him ordering someone to drag the river. She couldn't bear hearing any of it and left. Lucas followed.
Anna showed Sydney a new outfit, noting it would be perfect for her new life with her daddy. EJ arrived. After a moment with Sydney, he congratulated Anna on her role in this twisted plot. Now, he, Sydney and Johnny could have a stable life together. Anna scolded EJ for letting everyone think Sydney is dead. EJ felt justified and cited what Sami had done with Grace. He insisted Sydney and Johnny would be better off with him and said they were going to disappear, right now.
"No! Stop her!" muttered Hope, who was dreaming in her hospital bed. Justin assured her the nightmare was over. Hope awakened. She asked for Bo and told Justin the last thing she remembered was crates falling on top of her and Carly. Hope asked if Carly was alright and wondered what happened with Vivian and Melanie. "Melanie was shot," announced Justin, noting that Carly pulled the trigger. Hope wanted to leave and go find Bo. She told Justin about the poisoned comb and how Victor switched it. Justin realized they'd been right about Vivian trying to kill Melanie. "I've got to make sure she doesn't get away with it," contended Hope, who was determined to leave.
Bo was at the station chatting with Lexie about Hope, when Carly entered with a guard and tried to grab the phone to find out how Melanie was. Bo explained Melanie made it through the night. Carly worried that she was still comatose and could die. Bo tried to calm Carly, promising he'd make Vivian pay. Bo left to tend to something. When he returned, Bo announced Carly was free to go. He'd posted bail. He warned Carly not to go anywhere near Melanie, or she'd go back to jail. Bo got a call from an operative that would prove Vivian knew Melanie was Carly's daughter. Bo split. Alone, Carly whispered that no one would keep her from her daughter. Later, Bo left Carly a message, when Hope walked in. Bo couldn't believe she'd left the hospital. Hope said she was the one person who could get Carly out of this mess. She asked if Carly was still in her holding cell. Bo told Hope that Carly was out. Hope wondered who posted her bail. Bo said he had. Hope surmised Bo did it because he loved Carly. Hope thought things would change after he rescued her from the warehouse, but now realized it was too late for the two of them.
Arianna and Brady cuddled in bed and discussed the Philip/Melanie wedding fiasco. Meanwhile, Philip sat by his bride's bedside. Daniel walked in. "Tell me she's going to wake up," begged Philip. Daniel noted Melanie was stable and suggested having some loved ones visit her. Maggie arrived and spent some time reassuring Melanie. Brady arrived next and did the same.
Chloe met up with Daniel and asked about Melanie. The conversation turned to her hysterical pregnancy. Daniel promised Chloe didn't have to go through it alone. He suggested Chloe get professional help, noting he'd made her an appointment with a therapist. Later, Chloe was on the phone at the pub canceling that appointment. She told Arianna how Daniel thought she should see a therapist. Arianna thought Chloe should consider it. Chloe didn't and crumpled up the doctor's card.
After discussing Melanie's condition with Daniel, Maggie phoned Nathan and left a message to call her. Daniel told Philip to go home and get some rest. They walked off together, as Carly snuck around. After Brady left Melanie's room, Carly tried to head inside, but Daniel caught her. Daniel lectured Carly about being there. Carly begged to see her daughter. Finally, Daniel relented and took Carly into Melanie's room. Carly told Melanie how much she loved her. When she started to leave, Melanie stirred. Carly ran back to Melanie's side.
Justin arrived at the Kiriakis mansion and told Philip there was something he needed to know before heading back to see Melanie. Everything Carly said was true. Vivian was plotting to kill Melanie, and Carly was trying to protect her. Justin also mentioned the poisoned comb and how Victor switched it with a harmless one. "My father knew?" asked Philip. After Justin left, Philip called upstairs to Vivian, saying they needed to talk.... Nathan dreamt about being in bed with Melanie when Stephanie arrived with breakfast. Steph wondered what he was dreaming about. Nathan dodged. Later, the twosome returned from the slopes and headed back to bed. Steph noticed there was a message on Nathan's phone. Nathan wasn't interested. Later, when Nathan went to shower, Steph pulled out Melanie's letter and read it. Nathan interrupted and asked what it was. Steph confessed it was a letter Melanie gave her before the wedding. "Are you mad?" she asked. "I will be, if you don't get your butt in the shower in the next 30 seconds," retorted Nathan.
newContent += "Switzerland."
newContent += ""
// write HTML to new window document
newWindow1.document.close() // close layout stream
} else {
// window's already open; bring to front
//-->Where was Bo's operative calling him from? Click for Answer
Which Y&R exit shocked you most?
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get sod everywhere | http://soapoperadigest.com/content/days-week-february-15-2010?page=1 | dclm-gs1-285620002 | false | false | {
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0.02971 | <urn:uuid:2f8bb2f8-bb85-4fbe-8524-40d92b253223> | en | 0.947114 | Loose Canons
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
China's President Hu Jintao -- one of the world's worst dictators. Read up on the Pacific Cold War.
By 4.17.06
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It's a commonplace for leaders to come to Washington, hat in hand, supplicating for money or diplomatic succor or both. And it's not unusual for allies to come for one political exercise or another. But since the end of the European Cold War it's pretty rare for the leader of our opponent in the Pacific Cold War -- China -- to visit. The European Cold War ended when the Soviet Union dissolved. The Pacific Cold War against China has been going on since the first one ended. In this skirmish, China's president Hu Jintao will visit the White House this week.
President Bush seems eager to avoid raising expectations for this meeting. Continuing a broad dialogue with Hu is wise, but the prospects for any substantial resolution of differences are remote. Our enormous trade deficit with China aside, Hu Jintao's regime is a partner with Russia in forestalling UN Security Council action against Iran's nuclear weapons program and a major trading partner with every nation on our list of state sponsors of terrorism. While Vladimir Putin toils diligently to reestablish authoritarianism in Russia, Hu's China is a totalitarian state that is pursuing a military buildup at a pace last achieved by 1930s Germany.
Every year Parade Magazine lists its The World's Ten Worst Dictators. Ranked last year at #4, Hu Jintao's 2006 rating has dropped to #6. Parade summarizes:
Although some Chinese have taken advantage of economic liberalization to become rich, up to 150 million Chinese live on $1 a day or less in this nation with no minimum wage. Between 250,000 and 300,000 political dissidents are held in "reeducation-through-labor" camps without trial. Less than 5% of criminal trials include witnesses, and the conviction rate is 99.7%. There are no privately owned TV or radio stations. The government opens and censors mail and monitors phone calls, faxes, e-mails and text messages. In preparation for the 2008 Olympics, at least 400,000 residents of Beijing have been forcibly evicted from their homes.
Hu Jintao is a party apparatchik who came to prominence in the aftermath of the Tiananmen Square massacre of June 1989. Although he apparently wasn't a party to the decision to shoot the pro-democracy demonstrators, his consulship of Tibet saw the same brutal repressions at about the same time. Hu's regime is convinced that democracy is not an irresistible force but that it can -- and will -- be defeated. Since coming to power in 2002, Hu has sought to use China's economic boom to fuel its military buildup which, in turn, is concealed by false budget numbers and rhetoric of "peaceful rise" to superpower status. The 2005 Defense Department report, "The Military Power of the People's Republic of China," reminded the world of the "24-Character Strategy" of China, established by Hu's political mentor, Deng Xiaoping. Its two-dozen Chinese characters translate as, "Observe calmly; secure our position; cope with affairs calmly; hide our capacities and bide our time; be good at maintaining a low profile; and never claim leadership." Hu remains dedicated to the 24-Character Strategy and it is in pursuit of it that Hu visits America.
Hu comes to reinforce China's status as America's peer in economic, diplomatic and -- almost -- in military terms. Hu wants to reassure America that China's intentions are peaceful, and to place himself in control of the international debate on Iran. President Bush will talk about some compromise on China's overvalued currency, reducing our trade deficit with China, and seek some leverage in the Iran debate. But China will not budge and because of that, there are more important goals for the president in this meeting. Mr. Bush is in a stronger position to assert them than may appear because China's neighbors are watching every Sino-American interaction.
China seeks regional dominance to provide a safe base for further expansion. Its military buildup is aimed, in the short term, at providing unquestioned superiority on its periphery -- nations such as Japan and South Korea -- and asserting dominance over Taiwan. Our defense treaty with Japan places us squarely between the two nations, and the President's statements that we will defend querulous Taiwan have kept China at bay. Though the White House rejects the term, our quiet strategy against China is, and must continue to be, containment. Over the past two years, we have made gains among the nations on China's periphery due almost entirely to the quiet diplomatic efforts of the Defense Department and its Assistant Secretary for International Affairs, Peter Rodman.
India, the most powerful nation on China's borders, was alienated from America during the Clinton years over sanctions against its nuclear weapons program. Our new relationship with India is a real breakthrough. And China's other neighbors, fearing its military buildup, have come to us seeking reassurance of goodwill, and more. These nations fear being drawn into a Sino-American war and, like the Europeans, want us to protect them but do so in a way that costs them nothing in their relations with China. President Bush can, without using the "containment" term he finds objectionable, make it clear to Hu that we will continue to grow our ties to the peripheral nations and thus contain China's ambitions.
Hu will also be seeking the means of accelerating China's military buildup. Last year, through extraordinary showings of strength from the White House and Congress, the President managed to buy a year on the question of the European arms embargo against China. It was only when senators such as the usually diplomatic Richard Lugar threatened congressional action against Europe if it lifted the embargo that the EUnuchs backed down. The EUnuchs will take it up again this year, and Hu will be looking for a politically weakened Bush to be more compliant. The President should manufacture an opportunity to reaffirm his undiluted opposition to any lifting of the embargo. The fact that the embargo is leaky, he might say offhand, is no reason to lift it.
There is no chance whatever that China will change its position on Iran, and, media speculation to the contrary, any failure of the President to gain its support on Iran will be no defeat. China is not our ally, and not -- at least yet -- our military peer. It is an adversary in the Pacific Cold War.
TAS contributing editor Jed Babbin is the author of Inside the Asylum: Why the UN and Old Europe Are Worse Than You Think (Regnery, 2004) and the forthcoming book (with Edward Timperlake) Showdown: Why China Wants War with the United States (Regnery, May 2006).
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About the Author | http://spectator.org/articles/47125/guess-whos-coming-dinner | dclm-gs1-285650002 | false | false | {
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0.039508 | <urn:uuid:aefb8ba9-fa98-4b81-a2ab-dab995e00567> | en | 0.970435 | SI Vault
Blindsided by History
Gary Smith
April 09, 2007
Fifty years ago segregationists trying to keep black students out of Little Rock Central High inadvertently broke up one of the country's greatest football dynasties
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April 09, 2007
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The coach peered outside. White students were streaming out of school to the applause of the crowd. The black kids were getting bumped and berated in the halls. Matthews sent word through the building: All varsity football players were to leave their classes and report to him--now.
Matthews, an ol' country boy from Arkansas, was shrewd; he'd glimpsed the future. One day, he'd warned his team, "there'll be black boys here so tall they can stand flat-footed and piss in a wagon bed, and you white boys won't even be team managers." But for now the school district wasn't even allowing the Little Rock 9 to hum in the school's a cappella choir, let alone tackle a white boy in front of 12,000 people, so nothing good could come of this.
"Sit down," the ex-Marine ordered as his players filed into a classroom. "Don't look out the window and worry about what's going on outside. If I hear of any of you getting involved in any of this, you're finished with football. You'll answer to me."
No coach on earth could make a player cry, crap and vomit all at once like Wilson Matthews could. Outside, the howling for the heads of the Little Rock 9 grew louder. Inside that classroom the Little Rock 42 sat in stone silence.
That silence is what today's players need to hear about. They understand the outsiders' pain, the loneliness that Minnijean Brown must've felt as she was about to enter her first English class that day 50 years ago. It's what occurs in the minds and hearts of the insiders that the kids need to grasp. It's Johnny Coggins whom they need to gather around, because if they don't understand the ambivalence that can take hold of even the good kids when the moment comes, they too one day might find themselves in quicksand....
Johnny wasn't sequestered with the varsity that morning when Minnijean and the other eight black kids entered Central. He was a junior defensive end on the B team--not yet worthy of being summoned and supervised by Coach Matthews--sitting in Miss West's English class in a corner room nearest to a mob outside begging police to turn over just one of those Negroes, just one to be lynched as an example to the rest. He didn't agree with what they were screaming, he'd tell the kids today. On the contrary, he was discovering that day that he was a closet liberal, that he felt sick for those black kids, embarrassed for the whole human race. And still....
The classroom door opened. Minnijean entered and took a seat in the row next to Johnny, leaving him between the segregationists outside and her. His heart felt as if it would bang its way out of his chest. Three boys stood, flung their books to the floor, screamed at Minnijean and walked out. Miss West, a liberal, stared daggers at them.
The crowd outside urged the rest of the class to leave. Minnijean's dead-ahead gaze and small smile never flickered. The silence grew inside the bedlam. Johnny's mind raced. What if one of those nutballs out there had a gun? What if they branded him as what he was--a sympathizer--for not walking out? One of his best friends turned to him. "Let's get out of here," the boy murmured.
It caught Johnny by surprise. His pal was a straight-A student. The kids who were walking out to protest integration weren't the high achievers or the jocks. Johnny got B's and was one of Miss West's pets. And still....
What you need to understand, Johnny could tell the 2006 team, is how confusing the moment is, if you've never shone a light on your own shadows. Thunderclouds of anxiety, fleeting glimmers of rationalization: Miss West can't teach with this mob outside.... We can't learn anything today anyway.... Nobody can blame you, not in this madness.... Gotta stick with your buddy....
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United States 8021 0 232 | http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1105294/4/index.htm | dclm-gs1-285680002 | false | false | {
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0.157891 | <urn:uuid:93580199-9341-4875-8d7d-35d15a815048> | en | 0.935376 | Take the tour ×
I made a game that sets the width and height of the canvas as window.innerWidth and window.innerHeight, respectively. In theory, this should make it flush with the sides, yet I get scrollbars and a 4 pixel height blank to the bottom of the page. I set the margins and paddings to * as 0, thinking that would solve it, yet it's still like that.
I need to use the least amount of code as possible; this is for a future js1k compo.
Here's a screenie of the page Top-Left Scrolled Image, Bottom-Right Scrolled Image.
Any ideas on what is wrong or on how to fix it?
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I had the doctype as <!DOCTYPE html>, but I added the 5 to the end of html, and now it's all fine :D – Tgwizman May 9 '12 at 2:48
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1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
You're missing a display: block for your canvas element, or a <!DOCTYPE html> - they're inline by default unless you're in html5 mode.
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I was testing my game in chrome, so this shouldn't be the problem. I did find a fix though. Post my comment (above) as the answer, and I'll make it the accepted answer – Tgwizman May 9 '12 at 2:59
Ah, totally missed that - updated – Nevir May 9 '12 at 3:06
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10509176/canvas-window-innerwidthheight-scrollbar-offset?answertab=oldest | dclm-gs1-285710002 | false | false | {
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0.65293 | <urn:uuid:d5ef646a-d08c-4b59-9c26-9a9450406ba1> | en | 0.919855 | Take the tour ×
I just received a bunch of Chinese characters back from the localization people in Excel spreadsheet format. When I import the data into my SQL Server 2005 table (nvarchar columns) it displays as a bunch of boxes instead of the actual characters. I'm thinking this isn't right. Does anyone have an idea why it would be behaving this way?
EDIT: The data is still represented in the boxes somehow. When I load the data into my application and bind it to a UI element it displays correctly as Chinese. The issue I am having is that if I initiate a messagebox.show using the Chinese characters I still get the boxes and I can't help but think this is related to the boxes I am seeing in the DB.
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font installation would be my guess. Excel knows how to handle, but sql Server doesn't. – Limey May 25 '12 at 20:45
i was going to also suggest the font being used by SQM Server Management Studio. Perhaps try connecting Excel back to SQL Server data source and see if Excel displays them properly. (i.e. are they really wrong in SQL Server, or just the application you're using to select/display them). You also might try SELECT UNICODE (TheColumn) FROM TheTable to see if the unicode code point is what you expect. – Ian Boyd May 26 '12 at 16:36
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Not sure what front end you are using. Looks like Windows Application. The dialog box uses the system properties of the machine. It would be better to use Chinese Windows . As far as SQL Server shows you boxes here is the post which will give you the clue Japanese/Chinese language data in SQL Server table
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10761101/chinese-characters-showing-as-boxes-in-sql-server-2005 | dclm-gs1-285720002 | false | false | {
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0.731054 | <urn:uuid:6a07924a-33f6-4e6a-b180-d45fcd01d29b> | en | 0.835966 | Take the tour ×
I'm considering using FormsAuthentication in my web app. Just how secure is it to specify the users in the web.config that are allowed to use the application?
Here is an example of what I am talking about:
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms loginUrl="TestLogin.aspx" slidingExpiration="true" timeout="30">
<user name="test" password="password"></user>
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up vote 1 down vote accepted
By default, IIS will not serve any file that ends in a .config extension, so as long as you trust anyone who has access to manage your web server, you should be fine.
Think of it this way: most people store database connection information in their web.config files already, so if you have your users defined in a database, it's just one step away from being compromised anyway.
If you've only got a few users to deal with, and their credentials don't change often, you should be fine using web.config to store your users. It's probably a good idea to not store your users' passwords in plain text though. If you're super paranoid, have a look into encrypting the authentication section of your web.config file: http://www.codeguru.com/csharp/.net/net_asp/miscellaneous/print.php/c13663.
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I think it's fine for little simple sites. But I would certainly encrypt the passwords, like this:
<credentials passwordFormat = "SHA1">
<user name="UserName1" password="SHA1EncryptedPassword1"/>
<user name="UserName2" password="SHA1EncryptedPassword2"/>
<user name="UserName3" password="SHA1EncryptedPassword3"/>
More information on this here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/e01fc50a.aspx
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1252706/security-when-specifying-users-in-web-config | dclm-gs1-285770002 | false | false | {
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0.755744 | <urn:uuid:121d2a30-5355-4483-af8e-12b69cca7aa7> | en | 0.827351 | Take the tour ×
I'm trying to verify the following method gets called using Mockito:
class Notifier {
def forward(request: ServletRequest)(onFailure: => Unit) : Unit
Here's the verification on a mock:
val notifier = mock[Notifier]
there was one(notifier).forward(any[ServletRequest])(any[() => Unit])
And I get the exception:
The mock was not called as expected:
Invalid use of argument matchers!
3 matchers expected, 2 recorded.
This exception may occur if matchers are combined with raw values:
someMethod(anyObject(), "raw String");
For example:
I know this is caused by the last parameterless function. How can I perform a verify properly here?
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=> Unit isn't a function type, but a by-name parameter. – Ben James Oct 2 '12 at 17:51
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Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question. | http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12693474/matching-any-parameterless-function-as-an-argument-in-scala-mockito | dclm-gs1-285790002 | false | false | {
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0.055093 | <urn:uuid:c7813c11-5190-4ef2-9064-133ddb37e1a5> | en | 0.818448 | Take the tour ×
I am writing a VBScript that I would like to be able to alter the Zone Identifier, and add Extended Attributes to various files with. Is this possible without the use addons, or something like the below?
objShell.run("type %windir%\notepad.exe > %windir%\calc.exe:notepad.exe")
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up vote 0 down vote accepted
You can handle ADS like other files:
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set f = fso.CreateTextFile("file.exe:Zone.Identifier")
f.WriteLine "[ZoneTransfer]" & vbNewLine & "ZoneId=3"
Set f = fso.OpenTextFile("file.exe:Zone.Identifier", 1)
WScript.Echo f.ReadAll
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Thanks Ansgar Wiechers, Couldn't find this on msdn, do you have a reference also? – user66001 Oct 21 '12 at 19:58
Only this. Since the filesystem dictates the filename:streamname syntax I figured that there'd be no reason for it to not work, though, so I ran a quick test, and found that it does behave as you'd expect. – Ansgar Wiechers Oct 21 '12 at 20:21
Ah, darn it... Found that article too, but figured it wouldn't work as that was in C++.Thanks Again Ansgar Wiechers – user66001 Oct 21 '12 at 20:53
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12993350/accessing-ntfs-alternate-data-streams-with-vbscript | dclm-gs1-285810002 | false | false | {
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0.580592 | <urn:uuid:d2f78e38-3221-4ebd-b5e1-90ddd3bb275b> | en | 0.796493 | Take the tour ×
I need to create an html table with data from this spreadsheet
using a nested javascript loop. It puzzles me because when I think of what a loop does creating a table seems weird.
I really have no idea how to start this. I also need to detect clicking on total loan costs as well as create an event-initiated function that shows the interest charged on the loan. Thank You in advance!
{for (var i=0,i<21,i++)
var prin=10000;
//var months=(6,12,18,24);
//period in years
var period=(.5,1,1.5,2);
var percent=(4,5,6);
//rate in percent
var rate=(.04,.05,.06);
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Your javascript is not valid! Try hitting "F12" in your browser window to open developer tools. If you can find the javascript console, it'll display your javascript errors with the offending line numbers (if you can't find the console, google for "javascript console firefox" substituting "firefox" for your browser's name).
Why do you have the opening "{" in front of the "break" statement? Also, the "}" after the break statement closes your loop, and the "break" statement breaks out of the loop on the first iteration.
Your third loop is incorrect, the "{" should be after the "for (...)"... and lastly you cannot use "i" as the variable for all the loops like that, because the interior loops are constantly resetting the "i" variable that the outer loops still are using.
You must use unique counters, like i, j, k, for each loop that is nested.
This is a nested loop with 3 levels of nesting (although you don't need 3 loops):
for (var k=0; k<21; k++) {
table.writeln("<td>"); // open cell tag
// put stuff inside of cell?
table.writeln("</td>"); // close cell tag
// You should CLOSE your table tag here (although you don't have to since modern browsers will interpret the next opening "tr" tag as the end of the old "tr" tag.
var period=(.5,1,1.5,2); // this code does absolutely nothing.
Also, you aren't dealing with the table tags correctly -- you write an empty table with this line: document.writeln("<table></table>");
What you should do is:
for( ... {
//all your for loop to create rows/cells
document.writeln("</table>"); // close the table tag
I recommend you head to w3c schools and do some HTML and Javascript tutorials.
HTML Basics http://www.w3schools.com/html/
Javascript tutorials http://www.w3schools.com/js/default.asp
Javascript loops http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_loop_for.asp
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13015150/javascript-project-nested-table-loop | dclm-gs1-285820002 | false | false | {
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0.077829 | <urn:uuid:4fb2003b-1060-43cf-bba9-41395f254175> | en | 0.793862 | Take the tour ×
Possible Duplicate:
“Comparison method violates its general contract!”
I have a larger sample of partially sorted data (> 700 items) which I want to sort with Java 7 and get the following exception:
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Comparison method violates its general contract!
at java.util.TimSort.mergeLo(TimSort.java:747)
at java.util.TimSort.mergeAt(TimSort.java:483)
at java.util.TimSort.mergeCollapse(TimSort.java:410)
at java.util.TimSort.sort(TimSort.java:214)
at java.util.TimSort.sort(TimSort.java:173)
at java.util.Arrays.sort(Arrays.java:659)
at java.util.Collections.sort(Collections.java:217)
Now I'm trying to lower the size of the data set to make finding the reason simpler. I've written a small application which picks a random subset out of the larger set to reproduce the exception.
private static final int SUBSET_SIZE = 32;
public void testSorting() {
final Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 10000000; i-- > 0; ) {
testFew(strings, random);
private void testFew(List<String> strings, Random random) {
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < SUBSET_SIZE; i++) {
final int rnd = random.nextInt(strings.size() / 100) + 1;
index = (index + rnd) % strings.size();
try {
Collections.sort(list, MY_COMPARATOR);
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
for (String s : list) {
throw ex;
The strange thing is that finding a sample to reproduce is very simple if the subset contains at least 32 items, but I've did not succeeded in finding a smaller set. IMHO, this smells rather like a bug in the sorting algorithm than in our comparator.
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Can you post your comparator here? – Baz Nov 4 '12 at 12:48
I bet $1000 that the bug is in your code, and not in the sort algorithm. Why not post its code for us to inspect it, along with the full stack trace of the exception? – JB Nizet Nov 4 '12 at 12:50
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marked as duplicate by casperOne Nov 8 '12 at 17:54
4 Answers
up vote 2 down vote accepted
As Stephen C already guessed, this is the result of two different sorting methods being used.
Look at the code of java.util.TimSort:
static <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
sort(a, 0, a.length, c);
static <T> void sort(T[] a, int lo, int hi, Comparator<? super T> c) {
// ...
// If array is small, do a "mini-TimSort" with no merges
if (nRemaining < MIN_MERGE) {
int initRunLen = countRunAndMakeAscending(a, lo, hi, c);
binarySort(a, lo, hi, lo + initRunLen, c);
// ...
The value of MIN_MERGE is indeed 32, and the methods that throw your exception are only called in the other case.
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To me, this smells like 2 different sort algorithms being used depending on the size of the input set.
While it is not impossible that there is a bug in the sort implementation, it is far, far more likely that the problem is in your Comparator ... like the exception message is saying. You would be advised to focus your efforts on your code rather looking for (probably non-existent) bugs in the library code.
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This means your Comparator has a bug in such that compareTo(a, b) != -compareTo(b, a)
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No, this I've already checked. – Mot Nov 4 '12 at 13:38
Still willing to bet that's where the bug is. You appear to be unwilling to post the code so we can check. ;) – Peter Lawrey Nov 4 '12 at 13:43
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The error is in our comparator (it violated A < B && B < C -> A < C), but I assumed, that TimSort will always result in the stacktrace which seems to be wrong.
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13218628/comparison-method-violates-its-general-contract-finding-small-sample-data-s/13218738 | dclm-gs1-285830002 | false | false | {
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0.487126 | <urn:uuid:9aca114c-38d6-40be-a0ed-94bba8579946> | en | 0.862652 | Take the tour ×
in webforms I would always use my masterpage to set page titles and meta description based on the current url. I was thinking of doing the same for my Asp.net Mvc projects but I ain't sure where to start. It would be nice to be able to set the title/description based on the controller and/or action with some default values incase I don't specify any info. The reason why I do this is because I like everything to be in one place because that makes it easy to spot mistakes.
After reading the answers and googling some I was thinking it might be cool to get the info from an xml file. With Xml looking something like this:
<website title="default title for webpage">
<controller name="HomeController" title="Default title for home controller">
<action name="Index" title="title for index action" />
I am new to Asp.net Mvc so I am not sure where to initialize this.
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I hope it's okay to update my question a little. Commenting an other question didn't seem right and posting an answer sounded even more stupid. – Pickels Aug 28 '09 at 9:48
No, updating your question is absolutely fine, if you have new information/insight into your problem. Adding an edit/update like you've done is preferable. :) – Dan Atkinson Aug 28 '09 at 13:52
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3 Answers
I suggest the following strategy:
Create an hierarchy of models:
abstract class MasterModel
public string PageTitle { get; set; }
abstract class HomeBaseModel : MasterModel
PageTitle = "Home";
abstract class UsersBaseModel : MasterModel
PageTitle = "Users";
class HomeNewsModel : HomeBaseModel
PageTitle = "News";
class UsersProfileModel : UsersBaseModel
PageTitle = "Profile";
You define a master model to hold the page title and you create base models to hold default titles for a controller. This way, you can define the title in each action explicitly or leave it out so that the default title for this controller will be used.
Then in your master view you just write once:
<title><%= Model.PageTitle %></title>
and it's done.
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How does this model get exposed to the master page? I am a noob at this. – Josh Stodola Jan 3 '10 at 17:36
A controller sends a ViewModel to the view and in the controller you set the PageTitle property. – Lé Muffin Man Nov 1 '12 at 1:36
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up vote 1 down vote accepted
So after a few days of trying stuff I ended up with making a custom filter that reads from a XML file.
I added the code to copypastecode.com
I am very novice at Asp.net Mvc and "real" C# coding so if you see strange stuff please forgive me. If somebody wants to optimize it or has a better solution feel free to post it as an answer.
Next thing I am gonna try is to make it without a filter so it's activated on all controllers. Not sure where to hook up the logic though. So if anybody can push me into the right direction let me know.
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You could simply pull that data from the master page's Model, then let that Model have some reasonable defaults.
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1345738/asp-net-mvc-dynamic-page-title | dclm-gs1-285840002 | false | false | {
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0.029149 | <urn:uuid:ec1be92f-b4d6-43ef-a6ba-8437fe085fec> | en | 0.831584 | Take the tour ×
I've got a UITableView instance and implemented:
After that I can see all my cells with reorder controls.
Apple's header says:
@property(nonatomic) BOOL showsReorderControl; // default is NO
If the default value is NO why am I seeing the reorder controls?
Update: I've also checked the value of property in tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath: right after when the cell is created:
(lldb) p [c showsReorderControl]
(BOOL) $1 = NO
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Um, showing the reorder controls by setting it to YES, perhaps? – H2CO3 Dec 1 '12 at 13:49
I don't understand what your question is. "What is showsReorderControl used for" seems like a self answering question. – 0x7fffffff Dec 1 '12 at 14:45
Sorry for that. Hope it's better. Now there's just one clear question. – Rudolf Adamkovic Dec 1 '12 at 14:56
The header comment might be out of date - did you log the value to see if it really is no? – David H Dec 1 '12 at 15:01
@DavidH That's a great idea. Will do it soon (can't right now). – Rudolf Adamkovic Dec 1 '12 at 15:07
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1 Answer
up vote 4 down vote accepted
When you return YES from tableView:canMoveRowAtIndexPath:, it does the same thing as setting the showsReorderControl to YES. These are just two different ways to enable the reorder control.
In fact, there is a third way - let's never complain that we don't have options! ;) From the documentation of tableView:canMoveRowAtIndexPath::
This method allows the delegate to specify that the reordering control for a the specified row not be shown. By default, the reordering control is shown if the data source implements the tableView:moveRowAtIndexPath:toIndexPath: method.
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+1 for citing the docs. – H2CO3 Dec 1 '12 at 15:25
I see. A very good explanation, thanks a lot! And a subquestion - what would be a reason to change showsReorderControl directly? – Rudolf Adamkovic Dec 1 '12 at 15:26
Honesty, I can't think of a situation where that would be warranted. My guess is that it's possibly used by the tableView after our delegate methods have returned, during the redrawing of a cell. – J Shapiro Dec 1 '12 at 15:35
I just did a quick test. The cell being moved has showsReorderControl set to YES, by the time tableView:moveRowAtIndexPath:toIndexPath: is called. – J Shapiro Dec 1 '12 at 15:38
Very much appreciated. Everything's clear now. Thanks a lot man! – Rudolf Adamkovic Dec 1 '12 at 15:49
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13659996/whats-the-point-of-showsreordercontrol | dclm-gs1-285860002 | false | false | {
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0.109223 | <urn:uuid:b21807cf-959c-4a60-85bd-596d4747fb48> | en | 0.785767 | Take the tour ×
I am new in PHP and I am doing some work I have two Page 1) link.php 2) golink.php
<li><a href="golink.php">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="golink.php">About us</a></li>
<li><a href="golink.php">Highlights</a></li>
<li><a href="golink.php">Price</a></li>
<li><a href="golink.php">Location Map</a></li>
<li><a href="golink.php">Payment Plan</a></li>
When I click any link, I want to get the name of that link in golink.php page. Example:- If I click Home link, I need to get Home value in golink.php page. I dont want to pass id value in href link like <a href="golink.php ? value= home">Home</a>
I want any other method like session. Please help me. Thanks in advance.
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With your current setup, it wouldn't be possible to pass a value without using a GET variable. What you could do is have an individual page for each link (ie home.php, about.php, etc) and within these pages, set $value = "home"; (w.e page it is) and then include("golink.php") – Supericy Jan 4 at 7:29
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3 Answers
use the $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']. It will show the previous url.
<?php echo $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] ?>
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Unfortunately the HTTP_REFERER value will not help him... You could mess around by using hidden forms to pass a POST variable, but it's truly not worth it (messy, just not how it should be done).
I'd strongly recommend using a simple elegant (obvious) solution, especially since your new to php and don't want to form too many bad habits early on ;)
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Can you suggest a solution? – c4p Jan 4 at 8:01
Sucking it up and using $_GET ;-) Piere's suggestion is the best so far. @manas_singh - why is a $_GET variable not an option in your case? – Tanky Jan 4 at 8:11
I want to do it with SESSION. is there any way ? – manas _Singh Jan 4 at 9:05
Using an Ajax method, calling another page (not the one your going to actually load in the browser window), to pass the variable, so it can be stored in $_SESSION and called when the next page loads. I apologize that I cannot give you code for this off the top of my head :-) – Tanky Jan 4 at 9:46
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Possible with Javascript.
Example with Javascript and a cookie
$("a[href='golink.php']").on("click", function(event){
document.cookie = "linkname="+ escape($(this).text());
This uses jquery and makes it easier to read. Still not the best solution. Since the visitor needs JS and Cookies enabled. The Skript creates a cookie called "linkname" and you can read the value in golink.php with $_COOKIE['linkname'] Best solution is really a query.
_COOKIE docs at php.net
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14152913/how-to-get-value-from-one-page-into-another-page-via-url-through-session-in-php | dclm-gs1-285870002 | false | false | {
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