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20231101.en_13197247_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
A devout Catholic, Urszula had considerable influence on the King and Queen. Shortly after her arrival in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth she acquired knowledge of Polish and became involved in the affairs of state which made her very unpopular. Meyerin used her influence on the King to appoint her favourites to sta...
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20231101.en_13197247_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
Meyerin was a chamberlain () of the Queen's court. Though she became the senior governess to the King's children and supervisor of Royal Nurses, she was not held in high esteem among them (Urszula was especially loathed by a protestant nurse of prince Władysław, Scottish Mrs. Forbes). After the Queen's death in 1598 sh...
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20231101.en_13197247_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
In her constant correspondence with the Archduchess Maria she reported in details the life of King Sigismund and his court. I've never seen a man who would cry so much she reported on May 19, 1598, describing the monarch bidding farewell to his children before leaving for Sweden. As noted Stanisław Kobierzycki, she rep...
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20231101.en_13197247_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
When Sigismund III married again in 1605 in Kraków with a sister of his first wife, Constance of Austria, Urszula became her "close worries and consolations participant". She traveled in the Queen's carriage, dined with her at the same table, administered the court's treasury, and even assisted with official audiences ...
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20231101.en_13197247_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
As a chamberlain she was very thrifty and dressed mainly in a black Spanish dress. She corresponded with Emperor Ferdinand II and the Pope and received a Golden Rose for an "exceptionally virtuous life". In 1617 during Władysław's expedition against Russia to regain the tsar's throne, he asked of her intervention in fa...
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20231101.en_13197247_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
During the last year of Sigismund's life he was often seriously ill and Urszula become the real Polish Duke of Lerma, leaving him an increasingly peripheral figure. She signed official state documents instead of the King and received foreign ambassadors. After the King's death in 1632 the imperial diplomat Arnoldin Mat...
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20231101.en_13197247_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
Urszula died in 1635 at the Royal Castle and was buried in the Jesuit Church in Warsaw with a solemn burial ceremony, almost like a Queen. Her grave was plundered and destroyed by Swedish and German troops during the Deluge in the 1650s.
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20231101.en_13197247_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urszula%20Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin
Urszula Meyerin died childless. All her effigies, including some by such great artists as Peter Claesz. Soutman or Christian Melich (Polish court painters), were destroyed when the Royal Castle in Warsaw was ransacked and burned down during the Deluge. A few months before her death, Władysław Vasa commissioned a painti...
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20231101.en_13197253_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Leblanc%20%28bobsleigh%29
Ken Leblanc (bobsleigh)
Kenneth Leblanc (born February 13, 1968) is a Canadian bobsledder who competed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He then returned to bobsleigh in 1997 and competed until the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.
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20231101.en_13197253_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Leblanc%20%28bobsleigh%29
Ken Leblanc (bobsleigh)
Leblanc won a bronze medal in the four-man event at the 1999 FIBT World Championships in Cortina d'Ampezzo. He was also part of the four-man team that won the overall World Cup in 1989-90.
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20231101.en_13197253_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Leblanc%20%28bobsleigh%29
Ken Leblanc (bobsleigh)
Competing in four Winter Olympics, his best finish was fourth in the four-man event at Albertville in 1992.
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20231101.en_13197254_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.League
F.League
The F. League (in Japanese: "F・リーグ", officially "日本フットサルリーグ", Nihon Futtosaru Rīgu) is the top league for Futsal in Japan. The winning team obtains the participation right to the AFC Futsal Club Championship.
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20231101.en_13197254_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.League
F.League
The league was formed in 2007 as a complement for the elimination tournament, (the current Puma Cup) which groups regional futsal champions into a final elimination phase.
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20231101.en_13197254_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.League
F.League
The league operates on the sports franchise system, with no promotion or relegation of clubs. The clubs are thus expansion teams. In 2009 the number of clubs was increased from 8 to 10 with the addition of Fuchu Athletic and Espolada Hokkaido.
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20231101.en_13197254_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.League
F.League
In F. League play, the clubs battle each other three times: once at home, once away and once in a neutral venue (generally Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo). The season runs from August to February.
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20231101.en_13197258_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%20Ram%20Gangaram
Ram Ram Gangaram
Ram Ram Gangaram is a 1977 Indian Marathi-language drama film directed by Dada Kondke. The film stars Dada Kondke, Usha Chavan, Ashok Saraf and Anjana Mumtaz in lead characters.
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20231101.en_13197260_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
Bokkoms (or bokkems) is whole, salted and dried mullet (more specifically the Southern mullet, Chelon richardsonii, a type of fish commonly known in the Western Cape of South Africa as "harders"), and is a well-known delicacy from the West Coast region of South Africa. This salted fish is dried in the sun and wind and ...
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20231101.en_13197260_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
The word bokkom comes from the Dutch word bokkem, which is a variant of the word bokking (or buckinc in Middle Dutch). The word bokking is derived from the word bok (the Dutch word for buck or goat) and refers to the fact that bokkoms reminds of goat, because bokkoms has the same shape as the horns of a goat, is just a...
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20231101.en_13197260_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
As early as 1658, only six years after the first permanent settlement of Europeans at the Cape of Good Hope, four free burghers were given permission to settle in Saldanha Bay on the West Coast of Southern Africa. They were given the right from the Dutch East India Company to fish the waters of Saldanha Bay and send th...
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20231101.en_13197260_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
The ingredients for bokkoms consist of small (juvenile) mullet (fish), coarse salt and fresh water. The original West Coast way of preparing bokkoms starts with catching the small (juvenile) mullets (called "harders" in Afrikaans). A large square tank built out of bricks or stone is filled with a strong pickle made of ...
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20231101.en_13197260_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
The most suitable circumstances for drying is a lot of wind and not too harsh sunlight. At nighttime, the fish is brought under a roof to prevent it from drawing in damp, and the next day it is taken outside again to hang in the sun. The whole drying process takes about 5 days. More recently, people have started to mak...
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20231101.en_13197260_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
Bokkoms is a delicacy typical to the Western Cape of South Africa, and specifically the West Coast. Although it has a significant market in the Western Cape (where it is very popular and can be found in hotels, bars, bottle stores (in UK: off-licence), fish shops and beach kiosks on the beaches and holiday resorts), it...
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20231101.en_13197260_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
There is a vibrant bokkom industry in the "bokkom capital" of the world, Velddrif, on the West Coast of South Africa. Around 95% of South Africa's bokkoms are produced in Velddrif, in a series of small individual factories located along the Berg river. Each factory has its own small jetty on the river at the front of t...
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20231101.en_13197260_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
Velddrif is the ideal place for the bokkom industry. It has access to the mullet just off the coast, its weather conditions are ideal for drying the fish (dry summers and relatively low rainfall), and it has access to huge amounts of sea salt as spring tide pushes the sea over the extensive salt pans (the largest salt ...
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20231101.en_13197260_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
Bokkoms is a unique, traditional delicacy of the West Coast of South Africa. It is best enjoyed with white wine, or with bread, apricot jam and black coffee, but can also be used in soups and spaghetti's, tapenades, ragout or just as a bite on its own.
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20231101.en_13197260_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
There has been concern raised over declining fish stocks on the West Coast of South Africa. The Southern mullet is on the WWF Southern African Sustainable Seafood Initiative (SASSI) Orange list as an unsustainable species. This group includes species that have associated reasons for concern, either because the species ...
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20231101.en_13197260_10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
To refer to a very boring, tiresome, dull person, i.e. "a dry old stick", in the phrase "'n droë bokkom" (literally translated "a dry bokkem").
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20231101.en_13197260_11
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
To refer to someone who is incompetent, unable to perform his work adequately, not able to do the simplest of things, in the phrase "hy kan nie bokkom braai nie" (literally translated "he is not able to barbecue a bokkom").
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20231101.en_13197260_12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
To refer to someone who is very thin and emaciated, in the phrase "hy is pure bokkom en biltong, maar min vir die jakkalse" (literally translated "he is pure bokkom and biltong, not a lot for the jackals").
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20231101.en_13197260_13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
It has also been used as the name for a specific family of plants with sharp seedpods found in South Africa. These plants have been given the name of bokkoms in Afrikaans because the seedpods look like bokkoms, and their unpleasant smell reminds of the strong fish smell of bokkoms.
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20231101.en_13197260_14
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokkoms
Bokkoms
Bokkoms are similar to dried herring, as well as bloaters, kippers and buckling. Bloaters (whole fish), kippers (split) and buckling (head and guts removed) are all lightly salted and smoked for a short period of time. Although the method for making bokkoms probably originated from the European method of making dried h...
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20231101.en_13197275_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
is a passenger railway station located in Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company Hanshin Electric Railway.
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20231101.en_13197275_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Mikage Station is served by the Hanshin Main Line, and is located from the terminus of the line at .
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20231101.en_13197275_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
The station consists of two elevated island platforms serving four tracks. Part of the platform crosses the Ishiya River. Since the platforms are on a sharp curve (radius to ), the speed through the premises is limited to . The gap between the stopped train and the platform is partially wide, and the width of the plat...
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20231101.en_13197275_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Service was suspended owing to the Great Hanshin earthquake in January 1995. Restoration work on the Hanshin Main Line took 7 months to complete.
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20231101.en_13197275_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Station numbering was introduced on 21 December 2013, with Mikage being designated as station number HS-25.
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20231101.en_13197275_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Route 16 for (JR六甲道), , Kobe University Faculty of Intercultural Studies (神大国際文化学部前), and Rokko Cable Car Station
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20231101.en_13197275_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Route 19 for (阪急御影), Konan Hospital (甲南病院前), Kamokogahara (鴨子ヶ原) and Sumiyoshi Primary School attached to Kobe University (神大附属小学校前)
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20231101.en_13197275_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Route 36 for JR Rokkomichi (JR六甲道), Hankyu Rokko, Kobe University Main Gate and Tsurukabuto-danchi (鶴甲団地)
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20231101.en_13197275_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Route 39 for , Hankyu Mikage, Konan Hospital, Kamokogahara and Sumiyoshi Primary School attached to Kobe University
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20231101.en_13197275_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikage%20Station%20%28Hanshin%29
Mikage Station (Hanshin)
Route 39 for JR Sumiyoshi, Hankyu Mikage, Konan Hospital, Kamokogahara and Sumiyoshi Primary School attached to Kobe University
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20231101.en_13197283_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samvel%20Petrosyan
Samvel Petrosyan
Samvel Petrosyan (, ; born on 27 September 1954) in Yerevan, is a former Soviet football striker. Now is manager who has worked as the coach of several Armenian teams among which FC Pyunik, the Armenia U-21 team and FC Gandzasar Kapan.
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20231101.en_13197310_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
Necton is a village situated on a turning off the A47 main road between Swaffham and East Dereham in the Breckland district of mid-Norfolk. As at the 2001 census it had a population of 1,865 residents and an area of , increasing to a population of 1,923 at the 2011 census. It has a number of facilities including a prim...
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20231101.en_13197310_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
The place-name 'Necton' is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it appears as Nechetuna and Neketuna. The name means 'town or settlement by a neck of land'. (Necton is situated at the foot of a ridge.)
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20231101.en_13197310_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
All Saints' church, dating from the 14th century, although its tower was rebuilt in the 19th century, is at the centre of the village in the Benefice of Necton. It is a grade I listed building. One of its main attractions is the hammerbeam and archbraced nave roof with its carved angels.
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20231101.en_13197310_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
In the churchyard is a 14th-century grade II* listed table tomb reputed to be that of the Countess of Warwick.
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20231101.en_13197310_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
There is an old mill dating back to 1782 that was in full working order until the 1960s. Necton tower mill had been converted into a single-storey dwelling with a flat roof by 1970, and it is presently a retail facility.
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20231101.en_13197310_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necton
Necton
Necton Diner was a filming location for the locally-set film The Goob (2014). An electricity substation planned in the parish is seen as vital to the harnessing of offshore wind-generated power, connecting turbines in the North Sea to the National Grid.
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20231101.en_13197321_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagik%20Simonyan
Gagik Simonyan
Gagik Simonyan (born 21 August 1971), is a retired Armenian football midfielder and current manager. He has also 1 appearance for Armenia national team as a substitute in an away match against Wales.
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20231101.en_13197321_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagik%20Simonyan
Gagik Simonyan
2011–2013 - assistant coach of Alashkert FC, 2013–2014 - assistant coach of Ulisses FC, 2014–2015 - interim coach of Ulisses FC, since 2015 - Head coach of Alashkert FC.
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20231101.en_13197321_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagik%20Simonyan
Gagik Simonyan
On 12 January 2016 Simonyan was arrested by the National Security Service of Armenia along with administrator, assistant coach and one of footballers of the club. He was accused of illegal betting.
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20231101.en_13197351_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The Death Match (, ) is a name given in postwar Soviet historiography to the football match played in Kyiv in Reichskommissariat Ukraine (abbreviated RKU) under occupation by Nazi Germany. The Kyiv city team Start (Cyrillic: Старт), which represented the city's Bread Factory No.1, played several football games in World...
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20231101.en_13197351_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
On August 6, 1942, FC Start played the German team Flakelf. There were an estimated 2,000 spectators in attendance, each paying five karbovanets.
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20231101.en_13197351_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
A Kyiv native Georgiy Kuzmin points out in his book Facts and fiction of our football (Были и небыли нашего футбола) that the first squads of Dynamo Kyiv included a number of regular Cheka members, among whom was Kostiantyn Fomin. Kostiantyn Fomin is known to have participated in repressions against Kharkiv sportsmen o...
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20231101.en_13197351_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Because players were not getting paid regularly, the football team of Dynamo for some time had a shortage of playing staff (only eight players). The team's captain Konstantin Shchegotsky even tried to escape to Dnipropetrovsk, where he played for FC Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk, but was forced to come back. During the Holodom...
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20231101.en_13197351_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In taking Kyiv, the Germans captured over 600,000 Soviet soldiers. The city was under a strict occupation regime; a curfew on civilians was enforced, and universities and schools were shut down. Ukrainian youth over 15 years and adults under 60 years old were submitted to labour obligations. Thousands of inhabitants we...
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20231101.en_13197351_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In autumn of 1943 after the withdrawal of the German troops from the city of Kyiv and the re-establishment of Soviet administration, writer Lev Kassil was the first to report about the death of Dynamo players murdered by the Germans. But his report in the newspaper Izvestiya did not mention the football match. The expr...
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20231101.en_13197351_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
These two novels provided the inspiration for Yevgeny Karelov's black and white film Third Time (Тreti time). According to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, about 32 million spectators in total saw it in the Soviet cinemas. The "Death Match" also became a very popular subject of the Soviet press. None of these publication...
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20231101.en_13197351_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The Start players who survived the Nazi occupation did not appear in public. In the years immediately following the end of World War II, they were initially suspected as having collaborated with the Nazis, and were interrogated and then kept under surveillance by the secret police (NKVD) for several years.
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20231101.en_13197351_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The reports about the "Death Match" changed in the mid-sixties. Under the rule of Leonid Brezhnev the propaganda of the Communist Party emphasised the heroism of the Soviet population during World War II. As a result, the "Death Match" became regarded as a part of Kyiv's war history. The exact number of victims was giv...
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20231101.en_13197351_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In 1965, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded posthumously the Medal "For Courage" to these four Dynamo players murdered by the Germans . Five surviving players received the Medal for Battle Merit: Volodymyr Balakin, Makar Honcharenko, Mikhailo Melnik, Vassyl Sukharev, Mikhailo Sviridovsky.
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20231101.en_13197351_10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Despite a KGB dossier expressing concern about the possible "glorification" of the surviving players with known collaborators amongst them, two monuments to their honour were erected in Kyiv in 1971. The former Zenit Stadium, where the match had taken place in 1942, was renamed as the FC Start Stadium.
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20231101.en_13197351_11
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, journalists and historians in the new state of Ukraine were able to make detailed historical research without being controlled by Glavlit, the Soviet censorship agency.
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20231101.en_13197351_12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The 50th anniversary of the "Death Match" in 1992 marked the beginning of eyewitness reports in Ukrainian mass media:
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20231101.en_13197351_13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Kyiv Radio broadcast an interview with former Dynamo player Makar Honcharenko Honcharenko denied the version that the players were threatened by an SS officer: "Nobody from the official administration blackmailed us for giving up the match."
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20231101.en_13197351_14
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Sport reporter Georgi Kuzmin published a series of articles entitled "The Truth about the Death Match". According to him the creation of the "Death Match" legend was a countermeasure of Soviet propaganda to the reproach that the inhabitants of Kyiv "did not fight against the aggressor".
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20231101.en_13197351_15
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Writer Oleg Yasinsky published his report "Did the Death Match happen?" Being a youth, Yasinsky was among the spectators of the match and later played on Dynamo's youth team.
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20231101.en_13197351_16
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Vladlen Putistin, son of midfielder Mikhail Putistin, an ethnic Russian, being eight years old at the time of the match, was one of the ball boys during the match. Later he interviewed (unofficially) some of the players.
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20231101.en_13197351_17
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
All these reports contradicted aspects of the Soviet version: There were no SS officers being referees or threatening the Start team. The German team played a normal game and were fair, nor did the referee attempt to manipulate the match. There were no heavily armed soldiers with dogs in the stadium. The red jerseys wo...
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20231101.en_13197351_18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The first genuine historical studies of the "Death Match" confirmed the reports of the eyewitnesses. Former Generallieutenant of Justice Volodymyr Pristaiko, having been vice chief of the Ukrainian Security Service SBU, summoned his analysis of the papers documenting the arrest and death of the Dynamo players: "There w...
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20231101.en_13197351_19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Historian Volodymyr Hynda showed that defeats of German teams against local clubs happened regularly. The Ukrainian press, controlled by the Germans, published many reports about these matches. Hynda found information about 150 matches and documented the results of 111 among them: the Ukrainians won 60 matches and lost...
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20231101.en_13197351_20
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Articles published in the daily Nove ukrainske Slovo (New Ukrainian Word), controlled by the Germans, the reports of the witnesses and the NKVD documentation allow a reconstruction of FC Start's history.
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20231101.en_13197351_21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Under German occupation, all Soviet organisations and clubs were dissolved. By the end of 1941, German administration allowed newly formed Ukrainian sport clubs. In January 1942, football trainer and sport reporter Georgi Dmitrievich Shvetsov founded the club Rukh (Movement). He tried to engage the best players in Kyiv...
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20231101.en_13197351_22
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
But most of the former Dynamo players, among them the very popular goalkeeper Trusevich, did not want to play in Rukh, probably because they took Shvetsov for a collaborateur. Trusevich found a job in the Bakery No. 1 which guaranteed their workers and their families normal supplies of food. More former Dynamo players ...
[ 18, -28, -27, 26, -4, -27, -55, -22, -30, -22, -5, -6, 32, 4, 20, 29, -13, -11, -39, 19, 16, -9, 8, -41, -9, -17, 11, -39, -17, -28, 25, -21, 22, -26, 24, 16, 1, -38, 2, 17, -16, -27, 0, 6, -24, 51, -12, 23, -9, -30, ...
20231101.en_13197351_23
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Three players of the former club Lokomotiv Kyiv were incorporated into the new team. Four former players who were directly submitted to the German administration also played for Start: three Ukrainian policemen and one engine driver of the German railways Reichsbahn in Kyiv. None amongst the Start players had played f...
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20231101.en_13197351_24
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Seven Start matches are documented for June and July 1942: against the Ukrainian teams Rukh and Sport, three Hungarian military teams, a team of the German artillery and the German railway team RSG. FC Start won all these matches, scoring 37 goals in total and conceding only 8.
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20231101.en_13197351_25
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
On 6 August 1942, FC Start beat Flakelf scoring 5–1. The names of the German players are given in cyrillic letters on the poster: Harer, Danz, Schneider, Biskur, Scharf, Kaplan, Breuer, Arnold, Jannasch, Wunderlich, Hofmann.
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20231101.en_13197351_26
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
With 2000 spectators present, the teams met again three days later, in the later so-called "Death Match". The poster informed that Flakelf had a "strengthened" team but did not reveal any names. But it named 14 Start players, amongst them Lev Gundarev, Georgi Timofeyev and Olexander Tkachenko, who were Ukrainian police...
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20231101.en_13197351_27
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The final score was 5–3 in favour of Start. Only the first half of the match is documented: The Germans opened the score but Ivan Kuzmenko, and Makar Honcharenko scoring twice, made the score 3–1 at half time. After the match a German took a photograph of both teams, showing an apparently relaxed atmosphere. Some days ...
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20231101.en_13197351_28
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
On 16 August 1942, FC Start beat Rukh scoring 8–0. Two days later, on 18 August, the Gestapo arrested six of the Start players in the bakery and two days later two others were arrested.
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20231101.en_13197351_29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In contradiction to the Soviet version not all of the Start players were prosecuted by the Gestapo. After the war Soviet authorities punished some of them for collaboration with the Germans.
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20231101.en_13197351_30
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
According to the archives, some of the Start players said during the NKVD interrogation that they had been denounced to the Gestapo by Rukh trainer Georgi Shvetsov. According to them, he had been very angry after Rukh's 8–0 defeat. Therefore, he informed the Gestapo that the former Dynamo players had been officially me...
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20231101.en_13197351_31
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Ukrainian historians are convinced that this version was the real reason for the arrest; also because the three former Lokomotive players in FC Start were not prosecuted by the Gestapo. The Gestapo arrested neither Georgi Timofeyev, for having played in the "Death match", nor Lev Gundarev who was named on the poster bu...
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20231101.en_13197351_32
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The Kyiv archives document the cases of Olexander Tkachenko and Mikola Korotkykh as both not having played on Dynamo's first team before the war. Both cases do not show any context of the "Death Match":
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20231101.en_13197351_33
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Tkachenko, one of the three policemen in FC Start, had beaten up a German in Kyiv and therefore was arrested by the Gestapo. According to his mother's report, he tried to escape from the Gestapo arrest and was shot by an SS man. At this very moment, his mother came to the police station where he had been taken when arr...
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20231101.en_13197351_34
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Korotkykh had left Dynamo in 1939 and played in the club Rotfront. In 1942, he did not work in the bakery but in the kitchen of a German officers' club. His name was on a list of former NKVD agents established by Ukrainian collaborators. When he got information about this list, he hid himself. According to some reports...
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20231101.en_13197351_35
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
After three weeks in the Gestapo prison, eight of the former Dynamo players were deported to the Syrets concentration camp next to the valley of Babi Yar in the outskirts of Kyiv. Nikolai Trusevich, Olexi Klimenko and Ivan Kuzmenko had to work in a group of street builders. Pavlo Komarov, Mikhail Putistin and Fedor Tyu...
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20231101.en_13197351_36
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
About half a year after their arrest, Trusevich, Klimenko and Kuzmenko were executed amongst a group of prisoners on 24 February 1943 in the camp. Survivors reported that the bodies were thrown into the mass graves of Babi Yar. None of the surviving players described the execution as a consequence of the match on 9 Aug...
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20231101.en_13197351_37
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
A conflict concerning the dog of the camp commandant Paul Radomski: Some prisoners were said to have beaten it with a shovel in the camp kitchen. In this situation one of the prisoners had attacked an SS soldier.
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20231101.en_13197351_38
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
After receiving the information about the execution in the camp, Honcharenko and Sviridovsky left the shoe repairing facility and hid in the apartment of friends in Kyiv. By the end of the sixties, Honcharenko became a media figure and often told the official version of the Death Match, but after the end of the Soviet ...
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20231101.en_13197351_39
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Putistin and Tyutchev fled from the camp in September 1943 when the Germans left Kyiv. Tyutchev died in 1959, before the surviving Dynamo players became stars of Soviet propaganda. Putistin was not awarded any honour in 1966. According to his son, he did not want to repeat the propaganda version.
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20231101.en_13197351_40
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Komarov, before World War II Dynamo's penalty specialist, left Kyiv with the Germans. It is not known whether he was forced to come with them as a forced labour slave or was a collaborator. In 1945, he found himself in occupied Western Germany and soon he emigrated to Canada. His name was never mentioned in any Soviet ...
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20231101.en_13197351_41
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Former Ukrainian policeman Timofeyev was sentenced to five years in the Gulag for collaborating with the Germans. Gundarev, according to NKVD documents a "German agent", was condemned to death, but later his punishment was changed to ten years in the Gulag. He was not allowed to return to Kyiv; he had to stay in the As...
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20231101.en_13197351_42
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
After the publication of a report in a German newspaper repeating the Soviet version, a case about the "Death Match" was opened by the prosecution office of Hamburg in July 1974. As Soviet authorities did not collaborate on the case, it was closed in March 1976. In 2002, the Ukrainian authorities informed Hamburg about...
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20231101.en_13197351_43
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Two Half Times in Hell was a 1962 Hungarian war film in which Germans would play against Hungarian labour servicemen of war.
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20231101.en_13197351_44
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
The Longest Yard is a 1974 American sports comedy film directed by Robert Aldrich, written by Tracy Keenan Wynn and based on a story by producer Albert S. Ruddy. The film follows a former NFL player (Burt Reynolds) recruiting the group of prisoners and playing football against their guards. The film has been remade thr...
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20231101.en_13197351_45
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In 1981, Michael Caine and Sylvester Stallone starred in the film Escape to Victory, directed by John Huston, which told the story of a group of Allied POWs who are challenged to a match against the prison's guards. While the film's POWs are not Ukrainian but rather predominately Westerners, the story parallels are cle...
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20231101.en_13197351_46
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In the Anglo-American media, the publication of a book Dynamo: Defending the Honour of Kyiv by the Scottish journalist Andy Dougan inspired many articles. Dougan specialises in publications about Hollywood and has written books about George Clooney, Robert De Niro and Robin Williams. On the front page of his Dynamo bo...
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20231101.en_13197351_47
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
Without giving any concrete sources Dougan's docufiction which invented dialogues repeats the Soviet version of an SS-officer threatening the Start players (p. 178). According to him the players were arrested because of their victories against Flakelf. He describes many details which Ukrainian historians revealed as fa...
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20231101.en_13197351_48
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Death%20Match
The Death Match
In 2008 Willie Gannon a senior Bleacher Report writer wrote an article about the Dynamo's "Death Match" that starts with the following "This is a true story that I was told by my father..." Mr.Gannon claims that Germans entered Kyiv "with little or no resistance" and Major General Ebenhardt was rushing to stage a game ...
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