shangeth/ljspeech-mimi-codes · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 10 10	text stringlengths 12 187	codes listlengths 8 8	n_frames int32 14 127	k_codebooks int32 8 8
LJ001-0101	It is discouraging to note that the improvement of the last fifty years is almost wholly confined to Great Britain.	[ [ 1182, 1454, 607, 460, 1012, 256, 1599, 1238, 570, 902, 902, 1178, 851, 1772, 617, 1143, 1323, 200, 304, 1219, 1255, 604, 1051, 1212, 1513, 1530, 985, 313, 1997, 1258, 1011, 1531, 153...	93	8
LJ001-0102	Here and there a book is printed in France or Germany with some pretension to good taste,	[ [ 143, 1395, 902, 823, 1854, 1786, 228, 897, 1702, 1677, 86, 680, 571, 1015, 1892, 1562, 794, 1997, 202, 1389, 6, 95, 300, 1416, 698, 1596, 1837, 1292, 611, 437, 875, 492, 908, 531...	65	8
LJ001-0103	but the general revival of the old forms has made no way in those countries.	[ [ 108, 1249, 749, 414, 414, 246, 1573, 908, 1041, 1109, 791, 1137, 1823, 526, 410, 1417, 157, 371, 1457, 1005, 719, 410, 1530, 1530, 1896, 190, 1107, 1721, 1406, 299, 731, 1764, 1018, ...	68	8
LJ001-0104	Italy is contentedly stagnant.	[ [ 613, 1115, 1864, 831, 705, 15, 1895, 1211, 1562, 1238, 1054, 1510, 603, 1109, 268, 6, 6, 307, 831, 144, 1945, 201, 529, 146, 238, 303, 1292, 1292, 579, 797 ], [ 637, 1298, 646, ...	30	8
LJ001-0105	America has produced a good many showy books, the typography, paper, and illustrations of which are, however, all wrong,	[ [ 108, 1548, 321, 1839, 981, 987, 1062, 4, 714, 376, 1010, 1424, 1997, 172, 54, 1274, 347, 912, 2045, 1853, 1853, 1011, 1881, 584, 1229, 1089, 783, 783, 1105, 1519, 471, 162, 571, ...	107	8
LJ001-0106	oddity rather than rational beauty and meaning being apparently the thing sought for both in the letters and the illustrations.	[ [ 108, 283, 1643, 111, 1389, 1229, 952, 285, 539, 1146, 1564, 514, 1813, 726, 1377, 1744, 526, 1899, 263, 1976, 682, 1823, 9, 287, 1077, 1495, 1229, 952, 113, 300, 479, 351, 0, 111...	107	8
LJ001-0107	To say a few words on the principles of design in typography:	[ [ 995, 1967, 278, 41, 2008, 1475, 485, 386, 1546, 1609, 168, 616, 2009, 2033, 1093, 1902, 1047, 366, 1997, 268, 611, 922, 1473, 1473, 822, 2014, 410, 479, 1701, 199, 157, 839, 918, ...	46	8
LJ001-0108	it is obvious that legibility is the first thing to be aimed at in the forms of the letters;	[ [ 1692, 1454, 460, 1237, 1676, 1426, 1043, 1229, 112, 910, 1751, 1483, 1051, 1026, 1003, 237, 1178, 1403, 606, 1324, 1739, 1389, 1229, 952, 607, 460, 1713, 1552, 1721, 531, 159, 347, 2...	73	8
LJ001-0109	this is best furthered by the avoidance of irrational swellings and spiky projections, and by the using of careful purity of line.	[ [ 1182, 330, 1232, 460, 1012, 1166, 750, 1571, 1615, 1882, 2043, 2043, 1813, 774, 212, 2009, 662, 1944, 1695, 1695, 1530, 559, 655, 469, 99, 1891, 6, 2033, 1312, 2014, 1265, 1781, 777,...	114	8
LJ001-0110	Even the Caslon type when enlarged shows great shortcomings in this respect:	[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 150, 1539, 2045, 2046, 1662, 2027, 1215, 46, 1069, 1941, 2000, 603, 1081, 1322, 1106, 1868, 1640, 832, 868, 598, 849, 674, 674, 926, 877, 383, 277, 929, 1894, 2009,...	74	8
LJ001-0111	the ends of many of the letters such as the t and e are hooked up in a vulgar and meaningless way,	[ [ 1182, 1530, 113, 97, 1810, 1680, 133, 1231, 410, 410, 1881, 1993, 584, 1929, 272, 349, 383, 1571, 1655, 212, 1443, 1900, 295, 486, 1968, 48, 804, 546, 1741, 1037, 1037, 1483, 1573, ...	87	8
LJ001-0112	instead of ending in the sharp and clear stroke of Jenson's letters;	[ [ 678, 1299, 1135, 201, 1776, 1347, 483, 97, 993, 851, 1932, 648, 1047, 1089, 783, 1420, 114, 1610, 1295, 1919, 300, 2024, 1252, 1344, 777, 1440, 55, 1273, 1414, 1592, 304, 1399, 987, ...	51	8
LJ001-0113	there is a grossness in the upper finishings of letters like the c, the a, and so on,	[ [ 613, 1839, 902, 1892, 1237, 886, 109, 1260, 304, 1650, 1424, 112, 910, 735, 1803, 1513, 1781, 329, 254, 1295, 1767, 1356, 202, 1379, 1976, 1932, 1330, 1231, 410, 1026, 1984, 1235, 16...	68	8
LJ001-0114	an ugly pear-shaped swelling defacing the form of the letter:	[ [ 678, 1804, 352, 1272, 1021, 811, 307, 831, 2011, 574, 1343, 321, 1839, 1976, 1420, 560, 1877, 1817, 1032, 1245, 1117, 44, 184, 1998, 1772, 186, 803, 1814, 1814, 2022, 1633, 530, 1721...	54	8
LJ001-0115	in short, it happens to this craft, as to others, that the utilitarian practice, though it professes to avoid ornament,	[ [ 613, 926, 1089, 783, 299, 731, 793, 1039, 857, 1846, 1607, 1028, 1515, 913, 856, 1261, 376, 551, 260, 150, 2040, 912, 1066, 1277, 330, 1762, 1252, 1480, 1899, 1222, 1951, 1951, 1862,...	104	8
LJ001-0116	still clings to a foolish, because misunderstood conventionality, deduced from what was once ornament, and is by no means useful;	[ [ 472, 1936, 1324, 668, 668, 1255, 1344, 1344, 921, 1700, 617, 133, 1658, 654, 654, 121, 1721, 2047, 1896, 1939, 1432, 1976, 271, 271, 489, 859, 262, 1771, 620, 1705, 1980, 653, 1338, ...	113	8
LJ001-0117	which title can only be claimed by artistic practice, whether the art in it be conscious or unconscious.	[ [ 1415, 572, 327, 1081, 371, 1322, 1005, 1358, 1537, 2046, 20, 683, 1574, 1574, 722, 362, 620, 1252, 1634, 921, 535, 544, 1695, 1695, 1992, 180, 967, 603, 1985, 798, 981, 981, 313, ...	84	8
LJ001-0118	In no characters is the contrast between the ugly and vulgar illegibility of the modern type	[ [ 613, 926, 1683, 200, 224, 1219, 2046, 1662, 1839, 1839, 238, 442, 212, 1443, 1582, 1232, 1237, 1705, 623, 635, 227, 1596, 1571, 1215, 620, 620, 1719, 830, 1530, 1992, 1943, 1943, 193...	66	8
LJ001-0119	and the elegance and legibility of the ancient more striking than in the Arabic numerals.	[ [ 678, 1804, 1530, 130, 184, 1484, 1739, 1553, 150, 1854, 611, 1803, 1026, 1003, 755, 1178, 1403, 1324, 826, 1739, 1229, 1229, 597, 1530, 1781, 1465, 921, 957, 320, 1172, 1292, 1259, 7...	74	8
LJ001-0120	In the old print each figure has its definite individuality, and one cannot be mistaken for the other;	[ [ 678, 1804, 1530, 1896, 1896, 190, 1107, 574, 1997, 1446, 643, 1039, 579, 295, 486, 1607, 1607, 663, 2032, 96, 1333, 1336, 1721, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 1677, 1511, 376, 1037, 988, 301,...	88	8
LJ001-0121	in reading the modern figures the eyes must be strained before the reader can have any reasonable assurance	[ [ 143, 926, 1744, 1186, 1623, 1353, 266, 1713, 1686, 1407, 1560, 1655, 793, 1416, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 212, 1067, 636, 797, 2039, 1814, 1515, 1971, 1836, 1530, 1989, 1477, 999, 728, 7...	80	8
LJ001-0122	that he has a five, an eight, or a three before him, unless the press work is of the best:	[ [ 1952, 1578, 1169, 1488, 376, 1037, 1237, 121, 1721, 408, 157, 839, 999, 1628, 954, 1640, 832, 1607, 1607, 940, 855, 1377, 125, 1781, 1516, 1877, 1412, 579, 797, 1607, 1607, 849, 437,...	82	8
LJ001-0123	this is awkward if you have to read Bradshaw's Guide in a hurry.	[ [ 1138, 1097, 1232, 1232, 102, 587, 178, 645, 1605, 67, 2009, 1479, 1475, 557, 1488, 376, 1849, 2030, 505, 665, 1623, 662, 9, 1276, 10, 237, 327, 1420, 76, 996, 1012, 1309, 160, 14...	47	8
LJ001-0124	One of the differences between the fine type and the utilitarian must probably be put down to a misapprehension of a commercial necessity:	[ [ 1415, 167, 22, 597, 1573, 1830, 339, 588, 1854, 611, 735, 1451, 1012, 620, 620, 1719, 1113, 957, 1047, 1552, 408, 157, 918, 994, 1081, 371, 75, 1868, 260, 1919, 1513, 557, 336, 1...	106	8
LJ001-0125	this is the narrowing of the modern letters.	[ [ 1182, 1277, 1277, 1566, 1232, 1251, 1251, 691, 103, 697, 1899, 1839, 874, 1519, 851, 1437, 410, 597, 1686, 8, 653, 283, 1655, 132, 877, 1984, 1235, 1655, 774, 1443, 1157, 205, 797, ...	34	8
LJ001-0126	Most of Jenson's letters are designed within a square,	[ [ 108, 1782, 1650, 1615, 2014, 597, 908, 1041, 1109, 611, 1147, 2040, 1428, 383, 1235, 774, 212, 1231, 513, 172, 1701, 199, 673, 157, 918, 662, 622, 628, 177, 117, 80, 1945, 1161, ...	41	8
LJ001-0127	the modern letters are narrowed by a third or thereabout; but while this gain of space very much hampers the possibility of beauty of design,	[ [ 1698, 8, 1407, 1560, 283, 1655, 2036, 383, 1984, 1655, 774, 1443, 1067, 636, 797, 797, 1607, 180, 1610, 103, 697, 1899, 1839, 1319, 1219, 1011, 1695, 1695, 121, 1721, 1526, 531, 616,...	122	8
LJ001-0128	it is not a real gain, for the modern printer throws the gain away by putting inordinately wide spaces between his lines, which, probably,	[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 888, 697, 1606, 837, 358, 505, 539, 665, 1296, 668, 1309, 232, 1757, 921, 274, 627, 1307, 1895, 1607, 868, 753, 1168, 147, 1406, 1627, 1686, 1407, 1560, 283, 132, ...	125	8
LJ001-0129	the lateral compression of his letters renders necessary.	[ [ 1027, 1026, 383, 90, 1571, 1655, 1005, 1473, 645, 1054, 985, 1997, 263, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 1125, 1125, 1428, 1984, 263, 774, 774, 1443, 1900, 295, 486, 1968, 598, 1098, 1388, 1109,...	49	8
LJ001-0130	Commercialism again compels the use of type too small in size to be comfortable reading:	[ [ 1698, 298, 531, 159, 1976, 682, 1003, 1994, 819, 1304, 1732, 1195, 1622, 1622, 1837, 873, 993, 1558, 1054, 1343, 184, 1590, 996, 1251, 1513, 1293, 386, 1063, 144, 2014, 1265, 603, 13...	76	8
LJ001-0131	the size known as "Long primer" ought to be the smallest size used in a book meant to be read.	[ [ 1138, 330, 1945, 673, 157, 839, 728, 888, 200, 224, 536, 1948, 1037, 32, 1821, 863, 383, 89, 89, 1025, 1510, 574, 1370, 1468, 188, 1764, 774, 1677, 502, 832, 1607, 1607, 293, 141...	82	8
LJ001-0132	Here, again, if the practice of "leading" were retrenched larger type could be used without enhancing the price of a book.	[ [ 1692, 1395, 902, 1622, 206, 97, 1837, 1810, 1120, 1895, 832, 262, 663, 322, 1475, 1713, 366, 313, 1899, 238, 85, 1228, 735, 410, 1026, 1003, 473, 1778, 1623, 851, 1772, 1307, 803, ...	102	8
LJ001-0133	One very important matter in "setting up" for fine printing is the "spacing," that is, the lateral distance of words from one another.	[ [ 2018, 1069, 1941, 1958, 655, 1917, 1917, 1460, 559, 1536, 985, 469, 1184, 67, 463, 213, 11, 351, 1881, 796, 1222, 442, 774, 1677, 1014, 1479, 926, 1135, 1134, 252, 1235, 1932, 1437, ...	110	8
LJ001-0134	In good printing the spaces between the words should be as near as possible equal	[ [ 1692, 926, 1385, 1853, 1853, 662, 313, 1997, 1109, 268, 1389, 851, 1772, 186, 1895, 486, 1028, 356, 148, 1656, 1591, 1762, 1577, 560, 743, 735, 1232, 794, 620, 659, 1719, 1113, 1047,...	70	8
LJ001-0135	it is impossible that they should be quite equal except in lines of poetry	[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 1536, 985, 1056, 1560, 747, 1534, 922, 1137, 1627, 1612, 1212, 1144, 1089, 1420, 1545, 362, 1194, 1252, 1618, 1605, 1322, 1106, 1781, 2032, 15, 1252, 1137, 841, 920, ...	54	8
LJ001-0136	modern printers understand this, but it is only practiced in the very best establishments.	[ [ 108, 157, 283, 1655, 2009, 985, 1997, 202, 268, 442, 774, 1443, 641, 983, 294, 55, 201, 776, 1903, 264, 1277, 1432, 910, 1602, 636, 797, 1028, 503, 1249, 749, 1255, 1846, 1607, 3...	72	8
LJ001-0137	But another point which they should attend to they almost always disregard;	[ [ 1952, 2012, 1195, 117, 697, 1943, 514, 1910, 631, 469, 99, 99, 1039, 572, 572, 460, 1746, 1144, 1089, 1420, 1545, 111, 578, 847, 1109, 268, 11, 1269, 1164, 1957, 1895, 312, 2039, ...	59	8
LJ001-0138	this is the tendency to the formation of ugly meandering white lines or "rivers" in the page	[ [ 1116, 1277, 330, 1232, 1251, 1713, 1573, 847, 1109, 544, 544, 611, 542, 1229, 952, 336, 1066, 272, 1552, 1525, 1406, 1184, 2003, 501, 594, 1807, 1172, 22, 410, 329, 329, 1943, 349, ...	79	8
LJ001-0139	a blemish which can be nearly, though not wholly, avoided by care and forethought	[ [ 1027, 223, 680, 1984, 2003, 2003, 112, 271, 271, 797, 486, 2039, 572, 572, 2046, 590, 1906, 362, 885, 103, 777, 1395, 2036, 1825, 831, 418, 1386, 697, 1606, 358, 977, 907, 1896, ...	66	8
LJ001-0140	the desirable thing being "the breaking of the line" as in bonding masonry or brickwork	[ [ 1182, 479, 199, 673, 371, 75, 1839, 922, 1137, 1823, 1721, 2001, 1391, 1700, 186, 889, 577, 287, 1057, 1932, 266, 1522, 1522, 1276, 1596, 512, 742, 742, 1437, 410, 597, 272, 1026, ...	78	8
LJ001-0141	The general solidity of a page is much to be sought for	[ [ 1182, 492, 1041, 772, 791, 1005, 822, 1532, 1945, 349, 1003, 755, 1994, 111, 1389, 1229, 952, 410, 886, 1343, 1343, 560, 560, 281, 373, 1336, 1320, 1211, 460, 740, 546, 546, 327, ...	47	8
LJ001-0142	modern printers generally overdo the "whites" in the spacing, a defect probably forced on them by the characterless quality of the letters.	[ [ 1116, 196, 1560, 1655, 132, 1510, 313, 1997, 268, 268, 774, 212, 1527, 492, 1041, 1109, 132, 682, 722, 1733, 1782, 286, 286, 172, 54, 54, 1495, 272, 366, 997, 927, 1322, 1108, 20...	110	8
LJ001-0143	For where these are boldly and carefully designed, and each letter is thoroughly individual in form,	[ [ 2018, 944, 1992, 1962, 600, 1440, 1813, 475, 1778, 110, 641, 155, 9, 680, 1896, 1896, 190, 1107, 1003, 831, 113, 1919, 1547, 2046, 321, 1767, 682, 1939, 831, 170, 479, 199, 157, ...	78	8
LJ001-0144	the words may be set much closer together, without loss of clearness.	[ [ 1415, 1187, 168, 531, 616, 2009, 1916, 1730, 1730, 2016, 144, 1134, 252, 238, 1264, 546, 327, 1252, 1344, 1650, 1424, 1124, 967, 807, 206, 1943, 514, 774, 518, 394, 1968, 657, 1375, ...	54	8
LJ001-0145	No definite rules, however, except the avoidance of "rivers" and excess of white, can be given for the spacing,	[ [ 1116, 224, 1219, 181, 339, 917, 1791, 1791, 1740, 539, 1896, 960, 822, 32, 1586, 812, 812, 615, 1677, 661, 2034, 1814, 2022, 913, 1040, 766, 252, 784, 85, 1259, 965, 246, 1530, 6...	90	8
LJ001-0146	which requires the constant exercise of judgment and taste on the part of the printer.	[ [ 1415, 572, 83, 325, 1252, 1618, 927, 75, 1440, 212, 1067, 2045, 1705, 623, 635, 433, 798, 150, 1854, 1259, 1508, 2038, 984, 951, 1506, 673, 728, 2014, 1347, 492, 1041, 1741, 327, ...	60	8
LJ001-0147	The position of the page on the paper should be considered if the book is to have a satisfactory look.	[ [ 1182, 1671, 1639, 199, 199, 1379, 1840, 1807, 22, 597, 1713, 366, 1343, 560, 281, 373, 102, 329, 1093, 1902, 1047, 366, 251, 560, 1490, 774, 1677, 518, 2042, 1743, 48, 783, 1545, ...	75	8
LJ001-0148	Here once more the almost invariable modern practice is in opposition to a natural sense of proportion.	[ [ 1692, 1395, 1679, 392, 1069, 433, 1751, 1264, 690, 875, 1894, 518, 1895, 2042, 1743, 716, 84, 1850, 246, 1513, 1530, 1574, 1348, 1722, 1424, 2026, 1536, 1536, 1917, 1839, 1460, 1141, ...	87	8
LJ001-0149	From the time when books first took their present shape till the end of the sixteenth century, or indeed later,	[ [ 1698, 440, 1047, 578, 218, 538, 124, 1368, 1740, 1385, 680, 1015, 984, 591, 1549, 159, 128, 912, 1259, 754, 1015, 1015, 640, 12, 1910, 313, 1997, 1985, 1147, 342, 783, 1420, 1877, ...	77	8
LJ001-0150	the page so lay on the paper that there was more space allowed to the bottom and fore margin than to the top and back of the paper,	[ [ 1182, 223, 1343, 560, 1230, 1333, 327, 1245, 715, 1896, 190, 383, 560, 1989, 983, 1047, 366, 1343, 560, 1490, 774, 518, 394, 486, 333, 657, 1656, 1051, 1746, 12, 1001, 382, 740, ...	108	8
LJ001-0151	the unit of the book being looked on as the two pages forming an opening.	[ [ 1692, 1293, 1293, 1063, 1791, 1300, 1255, 1930, 597, 1522, 680, 571, 1015, 619, 329, 287, 1057, 1932, 383, 567, 1015, 1435, 983, 1663, 1680, 889, 337, 1037, 1251, 1573, 883, 1802, 10...	57	8
LJ001-0152	The modern printer, in the teeth of the evidence given by his own eyes, considers the single page as the unit, and prints the page in the middle of his paper	[ [ 108, 8, 1407, 1560, 283, 132, 713, 313, 1997, 443, 268, 774, 1677, 518, 1895, 2042, 1890, 648, 1573, 578, 1207, 96, 1412, 193, 597, 1513, 1384, 784, 1791, 1791, 1854, 611, 1927, ...	118	8
LJ001-0153	only nominally so, however, in many cases, since when he uses a headline he counts that in,	[ [ 2018, 1574, 1567, 722, 697, 1606, 1729, 1729, 1998, 1567, 831, 144, 1945, 1669, 219, 275, 126, 803, 666, 420, 1848, 812, 812, 615, 1014, 1479, 926, 1214, 584, 471, 28, 560, 743, ...	81	8
LJ001-0154	the result as measured by the eye being that the lower margin is less than the top one, and that the whole opening has an upside-down look vertically	[ [ 316, 1470, 460, 199, 292, 1718, 1951, 1389, 1037, 740, 1881, 1235, 442, 172, 9, 1695, 1530, 1530, 1676, 1477, 839, 1628, 15, 394, 486, 333, 1968, 7, 287, 1057, 1932, 830, 1051, 1...	111	8
LJ001-0155	and that laterally the page looks as if it were being driven off the paper.	[ [ 678, 1102, 1051, 1716, 383, 90, 2027, 1124, 1405, 1939, 831, 705, 1458, 2042, 541, 1771, 419, 1343, 251, 560, 1230, 327, 1026, 567, 1015, 2033, 1900, 1320, 1703, 1022, 1475, 1475, 18...	54	8
LJ001-0156	The paper on which the printing is to be done is a necessary part of our subject:	[ [ 1698, 223, 1343, 560, 499, 774, 774, 1505, 1093, 983, 1452, 572, 572, 327, 1713, 366, 1997, 1109, 268, 1932, 1892, 460, 912, 284, 362, 170, 942, 137, 1663, 1680, 1852, 1170, 1814, ...	65	8
LJ001-0157	of this it may be said that though there is some good paper made now,	[ [ 1698, 597, 1277, 330, 330, 1300, 1011, 1730, 2016, 144, 1945, 278, 1197, 643, 56, 1895, 1928, 2039, 323, 657, 1584, 1051, 749, 1255, 577, 246, 1386, 1386, 12, 1014, 1781, 607, 460, ...	56	8
LJ001-0158	it is never used except for very expensive books, although it would not materially increase the cost in all but the very cheapest.	[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 888, 812, 552, 1408, 1293, 70, 1164, 1689, 1900, 284, 1040, 1134, 784, 1339, 1212, 2043, 1767, 655, 1917, 1460, 1460, 559, 1040, 1762, 1577, 29, 1534, 2014, 1265, 68...	101	8
LJ001-0159	The paper that is used for ordinary books is exceedingly bad even in this country, but is beaten in the race for vileness	[ [ 1182, 223, 1343, 560, 1490, 774, 1568, 1813, 1051, 1454, 460, 1092, 386, 1274, 1562, 591, 2043, 2043, 1731, 1184, 67, 303, 1839, 902, 1460, 162, 680, 1015, 2033, 735, 460, 1527, 548,...	106	8
LJ001-0160	by that made in America, which is the worst conceivable.	[ [ 108, 975, 726, 816, 1145, 1011, 1730, 1230, 1891, 1948, 1548, 1881, 1839, 981, 987, 1062, 1773, 803, 666, 448, 1850, 572, 572, 460, 1251, 1114, 1114, 997, 168, 159, 1566, 1658, 579, ...	44	8
LJ001-0161	There seems to be no reason why ordinary paper should not be better made,	[ [ 1182, 947, 55, 937, 1359, 1018, 794, 284, 362, 885, 697, 224, 224, 665, 1186, 1790, 819, 1368, 1452, 927, 1322, 1731, 1184, 67, 303, 697, 1839, 1141, 1639, 1343, 909, 1295, 774, ...	52	8
LJ001-0162	even allowing the necessity for a very low price; but any improvement must be based on showing openly that the cheap article is cheap,	[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 150, 683, 1992, 1914, 90, 1340, 553, 1932, 1786, 691, 1967, 1134, 252, 1571, 1389, 1389, 1229, 1549, 1549, 1184, 944, 986, 1917, 1917, 1460, 862, 1782, 1399, 313, 1...	118	8
LJ001-0163	e.g. the cheap paper should not sacrifice toughness and durability to a smooth and white surface,	[ [ 1692, 1671, 1333, 908, 952, 952, 185, 246, 1573, 1865, 883, 96, 354, 130, 2024, 251, 909, 1490, 774, 1858, 783, 1545, 1906, 1606, 837, 1185, 1506, 1899, 146, 1165, 1525, 408, 371, ...	80	8
LJ001-0164	which should be indications of a delicacy of material and manufacture which would of necessity increase its cost.	[ [ 1415, 572, 1089, 783, 1545, 662, 362, 1057, 1479, 1536, 28, 28, 501, 594, 1840, 1172, 2040, 2014, 410, 1071, 529, 184, 1484, 1705, 1228, 1967, 1229, 1229, 1347, 410, 1011, 578, 1207,...	97	8
LJ001-0165	One fruitful source of badness in paper	[ [ 1415, 1941, 713, 1416, 698, 1851, 1882, 1137, 1823, 1273, 1112, 1184, 67, 128, 2014, 410, 1309, 838, 10, 237, 303, 303, 112, 910, 1803, 926, 985, 251, 560, 1490, 774, 1677, 661, ...	34	8
LJ001-0166	is the habit that publishers have of eking out a thin volume by printing it on thick paper almost of the substance of cardboard,	[ [ 995, 460, 1251, 977, 1261, 235, 551, 111, 111, 1320, 670, 1051, 1212, 1056, 811, 1739, 1976, 1976, 774, 1443, 1261, 376, 1335, 1335, 1849, 986, 410, 130, 2032, 245, 742, 1932, 1437, ...	106	8
LJ001-0167	a device which deceives nobody, and makes a book very unpleasant to read.	[ [ 1952, 1071, 479, 1417, 371, 75, 1472, 46, 572, 572, 327, 1701, 1967, 937, 1359, 2011, 1231, 888, 224, 224, 1944, 1944, 2010, 705, 634, 769, 356, 1968, 657, 855, 685, 873, 993, 15...	64	8
LJ001-0168	On the whole, a small book should be printed on paper which is as thin as may be without being transparent.	[ [ 1698, 196, 1902, 977, 907, 1896, 960, 1358, 1537, 2042, 1928, 1422, 411, 1084, 1266, 1967, 1161, 1264, 76, 331, 9, 571, 1015, 619, 1327, 769, 1876, 783, 1545, 662, 362, 1639, 313, ...	93	8
LJ001-0169	The paper used for printing the small highly ornamented French service-books about the beginning of the sixteenth century is a model in this respect,	[ [ 995, 366, 1343, 251, 909, 1490, 774, 1141, 1293, 557, 1063, 1274, 912, 1549, 2043, 313, 1997, 268, 1353, 1932, 1047, 1967, 1945, 1264, 1991, 653, 1239, 1718, 1128, 394, 305, 1728, 32...	125	8
LJ001-0170	being thin, tough, and opaque.	[ [ 995, 1057, 1057, 266, 1526, 1526, 1356, 1065, 1810, 1680, 1289, 709, 541, 448, 384, 664, 1081, 1023, 145, 1951, 63, 1703, 685, 1377, 821, 1992, 1399, 1343, 560, 1877, 1108, 1327, 164...	34	8
LJ001-0171	However, the fact must not be blinked that machine-made paper cannot in the nature of things be made of so good a texture as that made by hand.	[ [ 108, 1519, 812, 615, 1677, 518, 486, 1955, 356, 356, 657, 1656, 1552, 1356, 1768, 1580, 238, 794, 1264, 540, 1424, 888, 1606, 837, 1716, 362, 362, 680, 1344, 194, 204, 1327, 579, ...	122	8
LJ001-0172	The ornamentation of printed books is too wide a subject to be dealt with fully here; but one thing must be said on it.	[ [ 1182, 1671, 2023, 1620, 1548, 95, 994, 807, 501, 594, 1807, 1172, 410, 313, 1997, 268, 6, 1865, 680, 571, 619, 2033, 735, 1232, 912, 11, 1063, 346, 997, 927, 839, 75, 1593, 1967,...	96	8
LJ001-0173	The essential point to be remembered is that the ornament, whatever it is, whether picture or pattern-work, should form part of the page,	[ [ 1182, 1530, 80, 1134, 252, 443, 682, 1823, 574, 469, 99, 99, 1108, 1039, 912, 362, 362, 325, 325, 1881, 1988, 1988, 774, 2009, 1528, 394, 1955, 716, 384, 460, 1251, 1051, 1212, 1...	114	8
LJ001-0174	should be a part of the whole scheme of the book.	[ [ 61, 1420, 1545, 362, 1057, 886, 631, 114, 1610, 1347, 597, 977, 907, 1896, 129, 1945, 1161, 1927, 96, 1778, 274, 1644, 410, 1713, 366, 680, 571, 1015, 619, 1327, 1640, 1793 ], [ ...	32	8
LJ001-0175	Simple as this proposition is, it is necessary to be stated,	[ [ 472, 738, 1334, 1668, 1490, 1473, 841, 1471, 1037, 1251, 330, 1562, 313, 1370, 254, 254, 951, 1379, 594, 1807, 1517, 607, 607, 1292, 1067, 205, 636, 797, 716, 322, 1454, 460, 888, ...	53	8
LJ001-0176	because the modern practice is to disregard the relation between the printing and the ornament altogether,	[ [ 995, 391, 1884, 1251, 1686, 8, 1407, 1275, 1655, 132, 985, 1370, 146, 238, 85, 112, 1566, 735, 1232, 912, 284, 942, 54, 1985, 83, 325, 1555, 160, 114, 793, 1378, 17, 325, 1003, ...	73	8
LJ001-0177	so that if the two are helpful to one another it is a mere matter of accident.	[ [ 472, 1855, 1051, 1051, 1475, 1475, 1713, 1573, 603, 1802, 1063, 731, 944, 1261, 1792, 1021, 1882, 1137, 1823, 1538, 1323, 997, 1069, 1620, 691, 697, 1943, 514, 774, 518, 394, 305, 19...	58	8
LJ001-0178	The due relation of letter to pictures and other ornament was thoroughly understood by the old printers; so that	[ [ 1182, 1573, 942, 1269, 1164, 1689, 2036, 1003, 560, 594, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 383, 1984, 1655, 774, 518, 1895, 1323, 1639, 1343, 1860, 85, 442, 774, 212, 1443, 1803, 1919, 544, 1943,...	89	8
LJ001-0179	even when the woodcuts are very rude indeed,	[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 1383, 1368, 674, 1047, 1114, 997, 1123, 662, 2024, 1697, 221, 1185, 32, 513, 513, 655, 1917, 1917, 1460, 1470, 665, 1851, 1495, 95, 926, 1510, 1158, 1778, 1242, 373...	35	8
LJ001-0180	the proportions of the page still give pleasure by the sense of richness that the cuts and letter together convey.	[ [ 1698, 313, 313, 469, 299, 1184, 1840, 1840, 1172, 2040, 1231, 597, 1713, 366, 1343, 560, 560, 373, 373, 1640, 803, 356, 657, 269, 1945, 1161, 1324, 668, 1107, 903, 1994, 1265, 858, ...	90	8
LJ001-0181	When, as is most often the case, there is actual beauty in the cuts,	[ [ 1415, 1213, 1938, 1810, 1289, 1307, 1895, 1955, 855, 1022, 1037, 460, 460, 629, 1722, 1650, 1615, 1560, 254, 260, 1497, 2045, 2046, 560, 1877, 1472, 1602, 295, 486, 1968, 657, 1746, ...	58	8
LJ001-0182	the books so ornamented are amongst the most delightful works of art that have ever been produced.	[ [ 1182, 223, 571, 1015, 984, 32, 1032, 1245, 715, 715, 310, 1184, 67, 2003, 1531, 1292, 1489, 6, 56, 1448, 305, 1100, 323, 180, 874, 8, 1407, 772, 984, 1658, 1259, 670, 1686, 1722,...	77	8
LJ001-0183	Therefore, granted well-designed type, due spacing of the lines and words, and proper position of the page on the paper,	[ [ 1182, 1917, 1839, 1767, 1525, 299, 731, 518, 1537, 1895, 1928, 356, 657, 1388, 1596, 1924, 1256, 1389, 6, 6, 1187, 44, 668, 668, 1107, 199, 199, 157, 839, 1371, 912, 603, 1081, 3...	108	8
LJ001-0184	all books might be at least comely and well-looking: and if to these good qualities were added really beautiful ornament and pictures,	[ [ 2018, 178, 455, 331, 680, 1015, 619, 984, 740, 1409, 1409, 1106, 362, 1057, 1300, 732, 473, 96, 1615, 1238, 1697, 1697, 298, 877, 851, 113, 1919, 1368, 914, 44, 668, 1026, 567, 1...	103	8
LJ001-0185	printed books might once again illustrate to the full	[ [ 316, 1804, 268, 6, 1309, 571, 1015, 984, 740, 629, 1281, 1363, 392, 1941, 611, 895, 1622, 97, 873, 125, 1479, 826, 1739, 1615, 1414, 1446, 1877, 11, 1320, 1066, 272, 1552, 1721, ...	39	8
LJ001-0186	the position of our Society that a work of utility might be also a work of art, if we cared to make it so.	[ [ 995, 223, 199, 199, 1379, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 1508, 1341, 1610, 55, 1534, 1967, 1506, 673, 75, 1467, 1039, 1229, 1229, 582, 1928, 1968, 657, 1656, 1051, 1559, 689, 997, 168, 1034, ...	96	8
LJ002-0001	The Chronicles of Newgate, Volume two. By Arthur Griffiths. Section four: Newgate down to eighteen eighteen.	[ [ 1698, 391, 1370, 1275, 1708, 1708, 822, 822, 2014, 410, 1148, 386, 887, 1622, 560, 1877, 1716, 1944, 76, 1408, 1879, 1925, 1510, 11, 1269, 1164, 1957, 241, 1944, 1695, 1992, 180, 161...	103	8
LJ002-0002	Under the conditions referred to in the previous chapter,	[ [ 108, 1958, 294, 1813, 272, 2045, 1054, 1054, 1385, 1379, 1840, 1807, 2040, 133, 83, 325, 1525, 531, 616, 172, 11, 990, 1269, 1164, 647, 1479, 1047, 366, 1997, 1186, 1978, 1929, 112, ...	44	8
LJ002-0003	with criminals and misdemeanants of all shades crowding perpetually into its narrow limits, the latter state of Newgate was worse than the first.	[ [ 1182, 1936, 1252, 1480, 1719, 2003, 1005, 1473, 822, 1900, 845, 300, 351, 1985, 1615, 798, 479, 0, 0, 610, 150, 611, 1312, 410, 1774, 178, 1718, 129, 783, 1420, 560, 281, 373, 37...	126	8
LJ002-0004	The new jail fell as far short of the demands made on it as did the old.	[ [ 678, 1476, 386, 1063, 492, 908, 1041, 2008, 1590, 1358, 1951, 1356, 1324, 668, 719, 80, 1762, 408, 1184, 67, 1976, 783, 1420, 1184, 1373, 1347, 1573, 479, 1548, 1881, 1903, 1837, 204...	61	8
LJ002-0005	The prison population fluctuated a great deal,	[ [ 995, 223, 1997, 1994, 819, 213, 1056, 1023, 254, 1043, 1939, 501, 594, 1840, 1807, 1416, 1525, 1344, 221, 85, 320, 1832, 501, 1891, 6, 1593, 573, 109, 1670, 1106, 1716, 1158, 96, ...	37	8
LJ002-0006	but it was almost always in excess of the accommodation available, and there were times when the place was full to overflowing.	[ [ 108, 1249, 1741, 579, 365, 365, 1196, 856, 1001, 382, 102, 587, 178, 1348, 1386, 1650, 102, 329, 587, 178, 289, 1609, 1213, 110, 1231, 1803, 125, 1508, 1580, 984, 252, 1571, 1215, ...	103	8
LJ002-0007	Neild gives some figures which well illustrate this.	[ [ 1692, 1778, 1296, 1473, 1107, 1259, 1818, 903, 903, 483, 32, 1032, 269, 119, 1052, 1526, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 212, 1443, 1931, 478, 572, 1117, 1609, 44, 1590, 920, 130, 1324, 826, ...	46	8
LJ002-0008	On the fourteenth June, eighteen hundred, there were one hundred ninety-nine debtors and two hundred eighty-nine felons in the prison.	[ [ 1646, 1902, 1552, 1721, 1406, 67, 967, 1207, 1113, 957, 1526, 2026, 1798, 908, 1269, 1689, 1689, 900, 1516, 1230, 336, 1207, 1113, 813, 1792, 1754, 294, 1394, 56, 56, 1846, 1607, 160...	100	8
LJ002-0009	On the twenty-seventh April, in the following year,	[ [ 108, 1093, 1047, 1573, 659, 1192, 1410, 1095, 1945, 278, 1374, 1383, 1526, 1526, 1516, 909, 1639, 1276, 1473, 1358, 1821, 1846, 1607, 940, 1890, 648, 1552, 1721, 1991, 1484, 719, 553, ...	39	8
LJ002-0010	these numbers had risen to two hundred seventy-five and three hundred seventy-five respectively, or six hundred fifty in all.	[ [ 1692, 475, 1790, 888, 772, 1988, 212, 1443, 1010, 1010, 539, 526, 1994, 819, 150, 1510, 11, 1323, 603, 1802, 1063, 977, 1754, 294, 1124, 561, 1134, 1374, 1192, 1410, 471, 530, 1192, ...	98	8
LJ002-0011	For two more years these high figures were steadily maintained, and in eighteen oh three the total rose to seven hundred ten.	[ [ 316, 967, 603, 1802, 1258, 690, 690, 875, 1293, 69, 69, 69, 1702, 212, 1443, 1157, 797, 797, 1028, 868, 598, 1098, 1513, 1778, 475, 1261, 1792, 1792, 839, 1457, 1721, 1356, 1860, ...	120	8
LJ002-0012	After that they fell as steadily,	[ [ 799, 1209, 1339, 1124, 1378, 585, 550, 1145, 1212, 1144, 1721, 1356, 184, 719, 1776, 1959, 1945, 1756, 529, 1235, 862, 831, 831, 15, 1895, 1793 ], [ 755, 277, 222, 1590, 847, 489, ...	26	8
LJ002-0013	till, eighteen oh eight, the lowest point was touched of one hundred ninety-seven debtors and one hundred eighty-two felons, or three hundred seventy-nine in all.	[ [ 995, 1324, 668, 126, 1537, 414, 1607, 2032, 1412, 1207, 1207, 610, 1748, 1693, 1781, 1516, 1877, 1108, 579, 797, 797, 419, 349, 383, 1782, 1519, 1228, 1615, 794, 469, 99, 1108, 1740,...	126	8
LJ002-0014	The numbers soon increased, however, and by eighteen eleven had again risen to six hundred twenty-nine; and Mr. Neild was told that there had been at one time	[ [ 678, 720, 1988, 615, 212, 128, 1032, 269, 1063, 1063, 610, 1385, 1480, 1719, 1472, 438, 912, 1848, 1290, 491, 552, 1677, 518, 1895, 832, 312, 753, 1515, 639, 337, 1695, 1695, 1781, ...	125	8

LJ001-0101

It is discouraging to note that the improvement of the last fifty years is almost wholly confined to Great Britain.

[ [ 1182, 1454, 607, 460, 1012, 256, 1599, 1238, 570, 902, 902, 1178, 851, 1772, 617, 1143, 1323, 200, 304, 1219, 1255, 604, 1051, 1212, 1513, 1530, 985, 313, 1997, 1258, 1011, 1531, 153...

93

8

LJ001-0102

Here and there a book is printed in France or Germany with some pretension to good taste,

[ [ 143, 1395, 902, 823, 1854, 1786, 228, 897, 1702, 1677, 86, 680, 571, 1015, 1892, 1562, 794, 1997, 202, 1389, 6, 95, 300, 1416, 698, 1596, 1837, 1292, 611, 437, 875, 492, 908, 531...

65

8

LJ001-0103

but the general revival of the old forms has made no way in those countries.

[ [ 108, 1249, 749, 414, 414, 246, 1573, 908, 1041, 1109, 791, 1137, 1823, 526, 410, 1417, 157, 371, 1457, 1005, 719, 410, 1530, 1530, 1896, 190, 1107, 1721, 1406, 299, 731, 1764, 1018, ...

68

8

LJ001-0104

Italy is contentedly stagnant.

[ [ 613, 1115, 1864, 831, 705, 15, 1895, 1211, 1562, 1238, 1054, 1510, 603, 1109, 268, 6, 6, 307, 831, 144, 1945, 201, 529, 146, 238, 303, 1292, 1292, 579, 797 ], [ 637, 1298, 646, ...

30

8

LJ001-0105

America has produced a good many showy books, the typography, paper, and illustrations of which are, however, all wrong,

[ [ 108, 1548, 321, 1839, 981, 987, 1062, 4, 714, 376, 1010, 1424, 1997, 172, 54, 1274, 347, 912, 2045, 1853, 1853, 1011, 1881, 584, 1229, 1089, 783, 783, 1105, 1519, 471, 162, 571, ...

107

8

LJ001-0106

oddity rather than rational beauty and meaning being apparently the thing sought for both in the letters and the illustrations.

[ [ 108, 283, 1643, 111, 1389, 1229, 952, 285, 539, 1146, 1564, 514, 1813, 726, 1377, 1744, 526, 1899, 263, 1976, 682, 1823, 9, 287, 1077, 1495, 1229, 952, 113, 300, 479, 351, 0, 111...

107

8

LJ001-0107

To say a few words on the principles of design in typography:

[ [ 995, 1967, 278, 41, 2008, 1475, 485, 386, 1546, 1609, 168, 616, 2009, 2033, 1093, 1902, 1047, 366, 1997, 268, 611, 922, 1473, 1473, 822, 2014, 410, 479, 1701, 199, 157, 839, 918, ...

46

8

LJ001-0108

it is obvious that legibility is the first thing to be aimed at in the forms of the letters;

[ [ 1692, 1454, 460, 1237, 1676, 1426, 1043, 1229, 112, 910, 1751, 1483, 1051, 1026, 1003, 237, 1178, 1403, 606, 1324, 1739, 1389, 1229, 952, 607, 460, 1713, 1552, 1721, 531, 159, 347, 2...

73

8

LJ001-0109

this is best furthered by the avoidance of irrational swellings and spiky projections, and by the using of careful purity of line.

[ [ 1182, 330, 1232, 460, 1012, 1166, 750, 1571, 1615, 1882, 2043, 2043, 1813, 774, 212, 2009, 662, 1944, 1695, 1695, 1530, 559, 655, 469, 99, 1891, 6, 2033, 1312, 2014, 1265, 1781, 777,...

114

8

LJ001-0110

Even the Caslon type when enlarged shows great shortcomings in this respect:

[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 150, 1539, 2045, 2046, 1662, 2027, 1215, 46, 1069, 1941, 2000, 603, 1081, 1322, 1106, 1868, 1640, 832, 868, 598, 849, 674, 674, 926, 877, 383, 277, 929, 1894, 2009,...

74

8

LJ001-0111

the ends of many of the letters such as the t and e are hooked up in a vulgar and meaningless way,

[ [ 1182, 1530, 113, 97, 1810, 1680, 133, 1231, 410, 410, 1881, 1993, 584, 1929, 272, 349, 383, 1571, 1655, 212, 1443, 1900, 295, 486, 1968, 48, 804, 546, 1741, 1037, 1037, 1483, 1573, ...

87

8

LJ001-0112

instead of ending in the sharp and clear stroke of Jenson's letters;

[ [ 678, 1299, 1135, 201, 1776, 1347, 483, 97, 993, 851, 1932, 648, 1047, 1089, 783, 1420, 114, 1610, 1295, 1919, 300, 2024, 1252, 1344, 777, 1440, 55, 1273, 1414, 1592, 304, 1399, 987, ...

51

8

LJ001-0113

there is a grossness in the upper finishings of letters like the c, the a, and so on,

[ [ 613, 1839, 902, 1892, 1237, 886, 109, 1260, 304, 1650, 1424, 112, 910, 735, 1803, 1513, 1781, 329, 254, 1295, 1767, 1356, 202, 1379, 1976, 1932, 1330, 1231, 410, 1026, 1984, 1235, 16...

68

8

LJ001-0114

an ugly pear-shaped swelling defacing the form of the letter:

[ [ 678, 1804, 352, 1272, 1021, 811, 307, 831, 2011, 574, 1343, 321, 1839, 1976, 1420, 560, 1877, 1817, 1032, 1245, 1117, 44, 184, 1998, 1772, 186, 803, 1814, 1814, 2022, 1633, 530, 1721...

54

8

LJ001-0115

in short, it happens to this craft, as to others, that the utilitarian practice, though it professes to avoid ornament,

[ [ 613, 926, 1089, 783, 299, 731, 793, 1039, 857, 1846, 1607, 1028, 1515, 913, 856, 1261, 376, 551, 260, 150, 2040, 912, 1066, 1277, 330, 1762, 1252, 1480, 1899, 1222, 1951, 1951, 1862,...

104

8

LJ001-0116

still clings to a foolish, because misunderstood conventionality, deduced from what was once ornament, and is by no means useful;

[ [ 472, 1936, 1324, 668, 668, 1255, 1344, 1344, 921, 1700, 617, 133, 1658, 654, 654, 121, 1721, 2047, 1896, 1939, 1432, 1976, 271, 271, 489, 859, 262, 1771, 620, 1705, 1980, 653, 1338, ...

113

8

LJ001-0117

which title can only be claimed by artistic practice, whether the art in it be conscious or unconscious.

[ [ 1415, 572, 327, 1081, 371, 1322, 1005, 1358, 1537, 2046, 20, 683, 1574, 1574, 722, 362, 620, 1252, 1634, 921, 535, 544, 1695, 1695, 1992, 180, 967, 603, 1985, 798, 981, 981, 313, ...

84

8

LJ001-0118

In no characters is the contrast between the ugly and vulgar illegibility of the modern type

[ [ 613, 926, 1683, 200, 224, 1219, 2046, 1662, 1839, 1839, 238, 442, 212, 1443, 1582, 1232, 1237, 1705, 623, 635, 227, 1596, 1571, 1215, 620, 620, 1719, 830, 1530, 1992, 1943, 1943, 193...

66

8

LJ001-0119

and the elegance and legibility of the ancient more striking than in the Arabic numerals.

[ [ 678, 1804, 1530, 130, 184, 1484, 1739, 1553, 150, 1854, 611, 1803, 1026, 1003, 755, 1178, 1403, 1324, 826, 1739, 1229, 1229, 597, 1530, 1781, 1465, 921, 957, 320, 1172, 1292, 1259, 7...

74

8

LJ001-0120

In the old print each figure has its definite individuality, and one cannot be mistaken for the other;

[ [ 678, 1804, 1530, 1896, 1896, 190, 1107, 574, 1997, 1446, 643, 1039, 579, 295, 486, 1607, 1607, 663, 2032, 96, 1333, 1336, 1721, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 1677, 1511, 376, 1037, 988, 301,...

88

8

LJ001-0121

in reading the modern figures the eyes must be strained before the reader can have any reasonable assurance

[ [ 143, 926, 1744, 1186, 1623, 1353, 266, 1713, 1686, 1407, 1560, 1655, 793, 1416, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 212, 1067, 636, 797, 2039, 1814, 1515, 1971, 1836, 1530, 1989, 1477, 999, 728, 7...

80

8

LJ001-0122

that he has a five, an eight, or a three before him, unless the press work is of the best:

[ [ 1952, 1578, 1169, 1488, 376, 1037, 1237, 121, 1721, 408, 157, 839, 999, 1628, 954, 1640, 832, 1607, 1607, 940, 855, 1377, 125, 1781, 1516, 1877, 1412, 579, 797, 1607, 1607, 849, 437,...

82

8

LJ001-0123

this is awkward if you have to read Bradshaw's Guide in a hurry.

[ [ 1138, 1097, 1232, 1232, 102, 587, 178, 645, 1605, 67, 2009, 1479, 1475, 557, 1488, 376, 1849, 2030, 505, 665, 1623, 662, 9, 1276, 10, 237, 327, 1420, 76, 996, 1012, 1309, 160, 14...

47

8

LJ001-0124

One of the differences between the fine type and the utilitarian must probably be put down to a misapprehension of a commercial necessity:

[ [ 1415, 167, 22, 597, 1573, 1830, 339, 588, 1854, 611, 735, 1451, 1012, 620, 620, 1719, 1113, 957, 1047, 1552, 408, 157, 918, 994, 1081, 371, 75, 1868, 260, 1919, 1513, 557, 336, 1...

106

8

LJ001-0125

this is the narrowing of the modern letters.

[ [ 1182, 1277, 1277, 1566, 1232, 1251, 1251, 691, 103, 697, 1899, 1839, 874, 1519, 851, 1437, 410, 597, 1686, 8, 653, 283, 1655, 132, 877, 1984, 1235, 1655, 774, 1443, 1157, 205, 797, ...

34

8

LJ001-0126

Most of Jenson's letters are designed within a square,

[ [ 108, 1782, 1650, 1615, 2014, 597, 908, 1041, 1109, 611, 1147, 2040, 1428, 383, 1235, 774, 212, 1231, 513, 172, 1701, 199, 673, 157, 918, 662, 622, 628, 177, 117, 80, 1945, 1161, ...

41

8

LJ001-0127

the modern letters are narrowed by a third or thereabout; but while this gain of space very much hampers the possibility of beauty of design,

[ [ 1698, 8, 1407, 1560, 283, 1655, 2036, 383, 1984, 1655, 774, 1443, 1067, 636, 797, 797, 1607, 180, 1610, 103, 697, 1899, 1839, 1319, 1219, 1011, 1695, 1695, 121, 1721, 1526, 531, 616,...

122

8

LJ001-0128

it is not a real gain, for the modern printer throws the gain away by putting inordinately wide spaces between his lines, which, probably,

[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 888, 697, 1606, 837, 358, 505, 539, 665, 1296, 668, 1309, 232, 1757, 921, 274, 627, 1307, 1895, 1607, 868, 753, 1168, 147, 1406, 1627, 1686, 1407, 1560, 283, 132, ...

125

8

LJ001-0129

the lateral compression of his letters renders necessary.

[ [ 1027, 1026, 383, 90, 1571, 1655, 1005, 1473, 645, 1054, 985, 1997, 263, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 1125, 1125, 1428, 1984, 263, 774, 774, 1443, 1900, 295, 486, 1968, 598, 1098, 1388, 1109,...

49

8

LJ001-0130

Commercialism again compels the use of type too small in size to be comfortable reading:

[ [ 1698, 298, 531, 159, 1976, 682, 1003, 1994, 819, 1304, 1732, 1195, 1622, 1622, 1837, 873, 993, 1558, 1054, 1343, 184, 1590, 996, 1251, 1513, 1293, 386, 1063, 144, 2014, 1265, 603, 13...

76

8

LJ001-0131

the size known as "Long primer" ought to be the smallest size used in a book meant to be read.

[ [ 1138, 330, 1945, 673, 157, 839, 728, 888, 200, 224, 536, 1948, 1037, 32, 1821, 863, 383, 89, 89, 1025, 1510, 574, 1370, 1468, 188, 1764, 774, 1677, 502, 832, 1607, 1607, 293, 141...

82

8

LJ001-0132

Here, again, if the practice of "leading" were retrenched larger type could be used without enhancing the price of a book.

[ [ 1692, 1395, 902, 1622, 206, 97, 1837, 1810, 1120, 1895, 832, 262, 663, 322, 1475, 1713, 366, 313, 1899, 238, 85, 1228, 735, 410, 1026, 1003, 473, 1778, 1623, 851, 1772, 1307, 803, ...

102

8

LJ001-0133

One very important matter in "setting up" for fine printing is the "spacing," that is, the lateral distance of words from one another.

[ [ 2018, 1069, 1941, 1958, 655, 1917, 1917, 1460, 559, 1536, 985, 469, 1184, 67, 463, 213, 11, 351, 1881, 796, 1222, 442, 774, 1677, 1014, 1479, 926, 1135, 1134, 252, 1235, 1932, 1437, ...

110

8

LJ001-0134

In good printing the spaces between the words should be as near as possible equal

[ [ 1692, 926, 1385, 1853, 1853, 662, 313, 1997, 1109, 268, 1389, 851, 1772, 186, 1895, 486, 1028, 356, 148, 1656, 1591, 1762, 1577, 560, 743, 735, 1232, 794, 620, 659, 1719, 1113, 1047,...

70

8

LJ001-0135

it is impossible that they should be quite equal except in lines of poetry

[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 1536, 985, 1056, 1560, 747, 1534, 922, 1137, 1627, 1612, 1212, 1144, 1089, 1420, 1545, 362, 1194, 1252, 1618, 1605, 1322, 1106, 1781, 2032, 15, 1252, 1137, 841, 920, ...

54

8

LJ001-0136

modern printers understand this, but it is only practiced in the very best establishments.

[ [ 108, 157, 283, 1655, 2009, 985, 1997, 202, 268, 442, 774, 1443, 641, 983, 294, 55, 201, 776, 1903, 264, 1277, 1432, 910, 1602, 636, 797, 1028, 503, 1249, 749, 1255, 1846, 1607, 3...

72

8

LJ001-0137

But another point which they should attend to they almost always disregard;

[ [ 1952, 2012, 1195, 117, 697, 1943, 514, 1910, 631, 469, 99, 99, 1039, 572, 572, 460, 1746, 1144, 1089, 1420, 1545, 111, 578, 847, 1109, 268, 11, 1269, 1164, 1957, 1895, 312, 2039, ...

59

8

LJ001-0138

this is the tendency to the formation of ugly meandering white lines or "rivers" in the page

[ [ 1116, 1277, 330, 1232, 1251, 1713, 1573, 847, 1109, 544, 544, 611, 542, 1229, 952, 336, 1066, 272, 1552, 1525, 1406, 1184, 2003, 501, 594, 1807, 1172, 22, 410, 329, 329, 1943, 349, ...

79

8

LJ001-0139

a blemish which can be nearly, though not wholly, avoided by care and forethought

[ [ 1027, 223, 680, 1984, 2003, 2003, 112, 271, 271, 797, 486, 2039, 572, 572, 2046, 590, 1906, 362, 885, 103, 777, 1395, 2036, 1825, 831, 418, 1386, 697, 1606, 358, 977, 907, 1896, ...

66

8

LJ001-0140

the desirable thing being "the breaking of the line" as in bonding masonry or brickwork

[ [ 1182, 479, 199, 673, 371, 75, 1839, 922, 1137, 1823, 1721, 2001, 1391, 1700, 186, 889, 577, 287, 1057, 1932, 266, 1522, 1522, 1276, 1596, 512, 742, 742, 1437, 410, 597, 272, 1026, ...

78

8

LJ001-0141

The general solidity of a page is much to be sought for

[ [ 1182, 492, 1041, 772, 791, 1005, 822, 1532, 1945, 349, 1003, 755, 1994, 111, 1389, 1229, 952, 410, 886, 1343, 1343, 560, 560, 281, 373, 1336, 1320, 1211, 460, 740, 546, 546, 327, ...

47

8

LJ001-0142

modern printers generally overdo the "whites" in the spacing, a defect probably forced on them by the characterless quality of the letters.

[ [ 1116, 196, 1560, 1655, 132, 1510, 313, 1997, 268, 268, 774, 212, 1527, 492, 1041, 1109, 132, 682, 722, 1733, 1782, 286, 286, 172, 54, 54, 1495, 272, 366, 997, 927, 1322, 1108, 20...

110

8

LJ001-0143

For where these are boldly and carefully designed, and each letter is thoroughly individual in form,

[ [ 2018, 944, 1992, 1962, 600, 1440, 1813, 475, 1778, 110, 641, 155, 9, 680, 1896, 1896, 190, 1107, 1003, 831, 113, 1919, 1547, 2046, 321, 1767, 682, 1939, 831, 170, 479, 199, 157, ...

78

8

LJ001-0144

the words may be set much closer together, without loss of clearness.

[ [ 1415, 1187, 168, 531, 616, 2009, 1916, 1730, 1730, 2016, 144, 1134, 252, 238, 1264, 546, 327, 1252, 1344, 1650, 1424, 1124, 967, 807, 206, 1943, 514, 774, 518, 394, 1968, 657, 1375, ...

54

8

LJ001-0145

No definite rules, however, except the avoidance of "rivers" and excess of white, can be given for the spacing,

[ [ 1116, 224, 1219, 181, 339, 917, 1791, 1791, 1740, 539, 1896, 960, 822, 32, 1586, 812, 812, 615, 1677, 661, 2034, 1814, 2022, 913, 1040, 766, 252, 784, 85, 1259, 965, 246, 1530, 6...

90

8

LJ001-0146

which requires the constant exercise of judgment and taste on the part of the printer.

[ [ 1415, 572, 83, 325, 1252, 1618, 927, 75, 1440, 212, 1067, 2045, 1705, 623, 635, 433, 798, 150, 1854, 1259, 1508, 2038, 984, 951, 1506, 673, 728, 2014, 1347, 492, 1041, 1741, 327, ...

60

8

LJ001-0147

The position of the page on the paper should be considered if the book is to have a satisfactory look.

[ [ 1182, 1671, 1639, 199, 199, 1379, 1840, 1807, 22, 597, 1713, 366, 1343, 560, 281, 373, 102, 329, 1093, 1902, 1047, 366, 251, 560, 1490, 774, 1677, 518, 2042, 1743, 48, 783, 1545, ...

75

8

LJ001-0148

Here once more the almost invariable modern practice is in opposition to a natural sense of proportion.

[ [ 1692, 1395, 1679, 392, 1069, 433, 1751, 1264, 690, 875, 1894, 518, 1895, 2042, 1743, 716, 84, 1850, 246, 1513, 1530, 1574, 1348, 1722, 1424, 2026, 1536, 1536, 1917, 1839, 1460, 1141, ...

87

8

LJ001-0149

From the time when books first took their present shape till the end of the sixteenth century, or indeed later,

[ [ 1698, 440, 1047, 578, 218, 538, 124, 1368, 1740, 1385, 680, 1015, 984, 591, 1549, 159, 128, 912, 1259, 754, 1015, 1015, 640, 12, 1910, 313, 1997, 1985, 1147, 342, 783, 1420, 1877, ...

77

8

LJ001-0150

the page so lay on the paper that there was more space allowed to the bottom and fore margin than to the top and back of the paper,

[ [ 1182, 223, 1343, 560, 1230, 1333, 327, 1245, 715, 1896, 190, 383, 560, 1989, 983, 1047, 366, 1343, 560, 1490, 774, 518, 394, 486, 333, 657, 1656, 1051, 1746, 12, 1001, 382, 740, ...

108

8

LJ001-0151

the unit of the book being looked on as the two pages forming an opening.

[ [ 1692, 1293, 1293, 1063, 1791, 1300, 1255, 1930, 597, 1522, 680, 571, 1015, 619, 329, 287, 1057, 1932, 383, 567, 1015, 1435, 983, 1663, 1680, 889, 337, 1037, 1251, 1573, 883, 1802, 10...

57

8

LJ001-0152

The modern printer, in the teeth of the evidence given by his own eyes, considers the single page as the unit, and prints the page in the middle of his paper

[ [ 108, 8, 1407, 1560, 283, 132, 713, 313, 1997, 443, 268, 774, 1677, 518, 1895, 2042, 1890, 648, 1573, 578, 1207, 96, 1412, 193, 597, 1513, 1384, 784, 1791, 1791, 1854, 611, 1927, ...

118

8

LJ001-0153

only nominally so, however, in many cases, since when he uses a headline he counts that in,

[ [ 2018, 1574, 1567, 722, 697, 1606, 1729, 1729, 1998, 1567, 831, 144, 1945, 1669, 219, 275, 126, 803, 666, 420, 1848, 812, 812, 615, 1014, 1479, 926, 1214, 584, 471, 28, 560, 743, ...

81

8

LJ001-0154

the result as measured by the eye being that the lower margin is less than the top one, and that the whole opening has an upside-down look vertically

[ [ 316, 1470, 460, 199, 292, 1718, 1951, 1389, 1037, 740, 1881, 1235, 442, 172, 9, 1695, 1530, 1530, 1676, 1477, 839, 1628, 15, 394, 486, 333, 1968, 7, 287, 1057, 1932, 830, 1051, 1...

111

8

LJ001-0155

and that laterally the page looks as if it were being driven off the paper.

[ [ 678, 1102, 1051, 1716, 383, 90, 2027, 1124, 1405, 1939, 831, 705, 1458, 2042, 541, 1771, 419, 1343, 251, 560, 1230, 327, 1026, 567, 1015, 2033, 1900, 1320, 1703, 1022, 1475, 1475, 18...

54

8

LJ001-0156

The paper on which the printing is to be done is a necessary part of our subject:

[ [ 1698, 223, 1343, 560, 499, 774, 774, 1505, 1093, 983, 1452, 572, 572, 327, 1713, 366, 1997, 1109, 268, 1932, 1892, 460, 912, 284, 362, 170, 942, 137, 1663, 1680, 1852, 1170, 1814, ...

65

8

LJ001-0157

of this it may be said that though there is some good paper made now,

[ [ 1698, 597, 1277, 330, 330, 1300, 1011, 1730, 2016, 144, 1945, 278, 1197, 643, 56, 1895, 1928, 2039, 323, 657, 1584, 1051, 749, 1255, 577, 246, 1386, 1386, 12, 1014, 1781, 607, 460, ...

56

8

LJ001-0158

it is never used except for very expensive books, although it would not materially increase the cost in all but the very cheapest.

[ [ 1182, 1454, 460, 888, 812, 552, 1408, 1293, 70, 1164, 1689, 1900, 284, 1040, 1134, 784, 1339, 1212, 2043, 1767, 655, 1917, 1460, 1460, 559, 1040, 1762, 1577, 29, 1534, 2014, 1265, 68...

101

8

LJ001-0159

The paper that is used for ordinary books is exceedingly bad even in this country, but is beaten in the race for vileness

[ [ 1182, 223, 1343, 560, 1490, 774, 1568, 1813, 1051, 1454, 460, 1092, 386, 1274, 1562, 591, 2043, 2043, 1731, 1184, 67, 303, 1839, 902, 1460, 162, 680, 1015, 2033, 735, 460, 1527, 548,...

106

8

LJ001-0160

by that made in America, which is the worst conceivable.

[ [ 108, 975, 726, 816, 1145, 1011, 1730, 1230, 1891, 1948, 1548, 1881, 1839, 981, 987, 1062, 1773, 803, 666, 448, 1850, 572, 572, 460, 1251, 1114, 1114, 997, 168, 159, 1566, 1658, 579, ...

44

8

LJ001-0161

There seems to be no reason why ordinary paper should not be better made,

[ [ 1182, 947, 55, 937, 1359, 1018, 794, 284, 362, 885, 697, 224, 224, 665, 1186, 1790, 819, 1368, 1452, 927, 1322, 1731, 1184, 67, 303, 697, 1839, 1141, 1639, 1343, 909, 1295, 774, ...

52

8

LJ001-0162

even allowing the necessity for a very low price; but any improvement must be based on showing openly that the cheap article is cheap,

[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 150, 683, 1992, 1914, 90, 1340, 553, 1932, 1786, 691, 1967, 1134, 252, 1571, 1389, 1389, 1229, 1549, 1549, 1184, 944, 986, 1917, 1917, 1460, 862, 1782, 1399, 313, 1...

118

8

LJ001-0163

e.g. the cheap paper should not sacrifice toughness and durability to a smooth and white surface,

[ [ 1692, 1671, 1333, 908, 952, 952, 185, 246, 1573, 1865, 883, 96, 354, 130, 2024, 251, 909, 1490, 774, 1858, 783, 1545, 1906, 1606, 837, 1185, 1506, 1899, 146, 1165, 1525, 408, 371, ...

80

8

LJ001-0164

which should be indications of a delicacy of material and manufacture which would of necessity increase its cost.

[ [ 1415, 572, 1089, 783, 1545, 662, 362, 1057, 1479, 1536, 28, 28, 501, 594, 1840, 1172, 2040, 2014, 410, 1071, 529, 184, 1484, 1705, 1228, 1967, 1229, 1229, 1347, 410, 1011, 578, 1207,...

97

8

LJ001-0165

One fruitful source of badness in paper

[ [ 1415, 1941, 713, 1416, 698, 1851, 1882, 1137, 1823, 1273, 1112, 1184, 67, 128, 2014, 410, 1309, 838, 10, 237, 303, 303, 112, 910, 1803, 926, 985, 251, 560, 1490, 774, 1677, 661, ...

34

8

LJ001-0166

is the habit that publishers have of eking out a thin volume by printing it on thick paper almost of the substance of cardboard,

[ [ 995, 460, 1251, 977, 1261, 235, 551, 111, 111, 1320, 670, 1051, 1212, 1056, 811, 1739, 1976, 1976, 774, 1443, 1261, 376, 1335, 1335, 1849, 986, 410, 130, 2032, 245, 742, 1932, 1437, ...

106

8

LJ001-0167

a device which deceives nobody, and makes a book very unpleasant to read.

[ [ 1952, 1071, 479, 1417, 371, 75, 1472, 46, 572, 572, 327, 1701, 1967, 937, 1359, 2011, 1231, 888, 224, 224, 1944, 1944, 2010, 705, 634, 769, 356, 1968, 657, 855, 685, 873, 993, 15...

64

8

LJ001-0168

On the whole, a small book should be printed on paper which is as thin as may be without being transparent.

[ [ 1698, 196, 1902, 977, 907, 1896, 960, 1358, 1537, 2042, 1928, 1422, 411, 1084, 1266, 1967, 1161, 1264, 76, 331, 9, 571, 1015, 619, 1327, 769, 1876, 783, 1545, 662, 362, 1639, 313, ...

93

8

LJ001-0169

The paper used for printing the small highly ornamented French service-books about the beginning of the sixteenth century is a model in this respect,

[ [ 995, 366, 1343, 251, 909, 1490, 774, 1141, 1293, 557, 1063, 1274, 912, 1549, 2043, 313, 1997, 268, 1353, 1932, 1047, 1967, 1945, 1264, 1991, 653, 1239, 1718, 1128, 394, 305, 1728, 32...

125

8

LJ001-0170

being thin, tough, and opaque.

[ [ 995, 1057, 1057, 266, 1526, 1526, 1356, 1065, 1810, 1680, 1289, 709, 541, 448, 384, 664, 1081, 1023, 145, 1951, 63, 1703, 685, 1377, 821, 1992, 1399, 1343, 560, 1877, 1108, 1327, 164...

34

8

LJ001-0171

However, the fact must not be blinked that machine-made paper cannot in the nature of things be made of so good a texture as that made by hand.

[ [ 108, 1519, 812, 615, 1677, 518, 486, 1955, 356, 356, 657, 1656, 1552, 1356, 1768, 1580, 238, 794, 1264, 540, 1424, 888, 1606, 837, 1716, 362, 362, 680, 1344, 194, 204, 1327, 579, ...

122

8

LJ001-0172

The ornamentation of printed books is too wide a subject to be dealt with fully here; but one thing must be said on it.

[ [ 1182, 1671, 2023, 1620, 1548, 95, 994, 807, 501, 594, 1807, 1172, 410, 313, 1997, 268, 6, 1865, 680, 571, 619, 2033, 735, 1232, 912, 11, 1063, 346, 997, 927, 839, 75, 1593, 1967,...

96

8

LJ001-0173

The essential point to be remembered is that the ornament, whatever it is, whether picture or pattern-work, should form part of the page,

[ [ 1182, 1530, 80, 1134, 252, 443, 682, 1823, 574, 469, 99, 99, 1108, 1039, 912, 362, 362, 325, 325, 1881, 1988, 1988, 774, 2009, 1528, 394, 1955, 716, 384, 460, 1251, 1051, 1212, 1...

114

8

LJ001-0174

should be a part of the whole scheme of the book.

[ [ 61, 1420, 1545, 362, 1057, 886, 631, 114, 1610, 1347, 597, 977, 907, 1896, 129, 1945, 1161, 1927, 96, 1778, 274, 1644, 410, 1713, 366, 680, 571, 1015, 619, 1327, 1640, 1793 ], [ ...

32

8

LJ001-0175

Simple as this proposition is, it is necessary to be stated,

[ [ 472, 738, 1334, 1668, 1490, 1473, 841, 1471, 1037, 1251, 330, 1562, 313, 1370, 254, 254, 951, 1379, 594, 1807, 1517, 607, 607, 1292, 1067, 205, 636, 797, 716, 322, 1454, 460, 888, ...

53

8

LJ001-0176

because the modern practice is to disregard the relation between the printing and the ornament altogether,

[ [ 995, 391, 1884, 1251, 1686, 8, 1407, 1275, 1655, 132, 985, 1370, 146, 238, 85, 112, 1566, 735, 1232, 912, 284, 942, 54, 1985, 83, 325, 1555, 160, 114, 793, 1378, 17, 325, 1003, ...

73

8

LJ001-0177

so that if the two are helpful to one another it is a mere matter of accident.

[ [ 472, 1855, 1051, 1051, 1475, 1475, 1713, 1573, 603, 1802, 1063, 731, 944, 1261, 1792, 1021, 1882, 1137, 1823, 1538, 1323, 997, 1069, 1620, 691, 697, 1943, 514, 774, 518, 394, 305, 19...

58

8

LJ001-0178

The due relation of letter to pictures and other ornament was thoroughly understood by the old printers; so that

[ [ 1182, 1573, 942, 1269, 1164, 1689, 2036, 1003, 560, 594, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 383, 1984, 1655, 774, 518, 1895, 1323, 1639, 1343, 1860, 85, 442, 774, 212, 1443, 1803, 1919, 544, 1943,...

89

8

LJ001-0179

even when the woodcuts are very rude indeed,

[ [ 1692, 1978, 1383, 1383, 1368, 674, 1047, 1114, 997, 1123, 662, 2024, 1697, 221, 1185, 32, 513, 513, 655, 1917, 1917, 1460, 1470, 665, 1851, 1495, 95, 926, 1510, 1158, 1778, 1242, 373...

35

8

LJ001-0180

the proportions of the page still give pleasure by the sense of richness that the cuts and letter together convey.

[ [ 1698, 313, 313, 469, 299, 1184, 1840, 1840, 1172, 2040, 1231, 597, 1713, 366, 1343, 560, 560, 373, 373, 1640, 803, 356, 657, 269, 1945, 1161, 1324, 668, 1107, 903, 1994, 1265, 858, ...

90

8

LJ001-0181

When, as is most often the case, there is actual beauty in the cuts,

[ [ 1415, 1213, 1938, 1810, 1289, 1307, 1895, 1955, 855, 1022, 1037, 460, 460, 629, 1722, 1650, 1615, 1560, 254, 260, 1497, 2045, 2046, 560, 1877, 1472, 1602, 295, 486, 1968, 657, 1746, ...

58

8

LJ001-0182

the books so ornamented are amongst the most delightful works of art that have ever been produced.

[ [ 1182, 223, 571, 1015, 984, 32, 1032, 1245, 715, 715, 310, 1184, 67, 2003, 1531, 1292, 1489, 6, 56, 1448, 305, 1100, 323, 180, 874, 8, 1407, 772, 984, 1658, 1259, 670, 1686, 1722,...

77

8

LJ001-0183

Therefore, granted well-designed type, due spacing of the lines and words, and proper position of the page on the paper,

[ [ 1182, 1917, 1839, 1767, 1525, 299, 731, 518, 1537, 1895, 1928, 356, 657, 1388, 1596, 1924, 1256, 1389, 6, 6, 1187, 44, 668, 668, 1107, 199, 199, 157, 839, 1371, 912, 603, 1081, 3...

108

8

LJ001-0184

all books might be at least comely and well-looking: and if to these good qualities were added really beautiful ornament and pictures,

[ [ 2018, 178, 455, 331, 680, 1015, 619, 984, 740, 1409, 1409, 1106, 362, 1057, 1300, 732, 473, 96, 1615, 1238, 1697, 1697, 298, 877, 851, 113, 1919, 1368, 914, 44, 668, 1026, 567, 1...

103

8

LJ001-0185

printed books might once again illustrate to the full

[ [ 316, 1804, 268, 6, 1309, 571, 1015, 984, 740, 629, 1281, 1363, 392, 1941, 611, 895, 1622, 97, 873, 125, 1479, 826, 1739, 1615, 1414, 1446, 1877, 11, 1320, 1066, 272, 1552, 1721, ...

39

8

LJ001-0186

the position of our Society that a work of utility might be also a work of art, if we cared to make it so.

[ [ 995, 223, 199, 199, 1379, 1840, 1517, 22, 410, 1508, 1341, 1610, 55, 1534, 1967, 1506, 673, 75, 1467, 1039, 1229, 1229, 582, 1928, 1968, 657, 1656, 1051, 1559, 689, 997, 168, 1034, ...

96

8

LJ002-0001

The Chronicles of Newgate, Volume two. By Arthur Griffiths. Section four: Newgate down to eighteen eighteen.

[ [ 1698, 391, 1370, 1275, 1708, 1708, 822, 822, 2014, 410, 1148, 386, 887, 1622, 560, 1877, 1716, 1944, 76, 1408, 1879, 1925, 1510, 11, 1269, 1164, 1957, 241, 1944, 1695, 1992, 180, 161...

103

8

LJ002-0002

Under the conditions referred to in the previous chapter,

[ [ 108, 1958, 294, 1813, 272, 2045, 1054, 1054, 1385, 1379, 1840, 1807, 2040, 133, 83, 325, 1525, 531, 616, 172, 11, 990, 1269, 1164, 647, 1479, 1047, 366, 1997, 1186, 1978, 1929, 112, ...

44

8

LJ002-0003

with criminals and misdemeanants of all shades crowding perpetually into its narrow limits, the latter state of Newgate was worse than the first.

[ [ 1182, 1936, 1252, 1480, 1719, 2003, 1005, 1473, 822, 1900, 845, 300, 351, 1985, 1615, 798, 479, 0, 0, 610, 150, 611, 1312, 410, 1774, 178, 1718, 129, 783, 1420, 560, 281, 373, 37...

126

8

LJ002-0004

The new jail fell as far short of the demands made on it as did the old.

[ [ 678, 1476, 386, 1063, 492, 908, 1041, 2008, 1590, 1358, 1951, 1356, 1324, 668, 719, 80, 1762, 408, 1184, 67, 1976, 783, 1420, 1184, 1373, 1347, 1573, 479, 1548, 1881, 1903, 1837, 204...

61

8

LJ002-0005

The prison population fluctuated a great deal,

[ [ 995, 223, 1997, 1994, 819, 213, 1056, 1023, 254, 1043, 1939, 501, 594, 1840, 1807, 1416, 1525, 1344, 221, 85, 320, 1832, 501, 1891, 6, 1593, 573, 109, 1670, 1106, 1716, 1158, 96, ...

37

8

LJ002-0006

but it was almost always in excess of the accommodation available, and there were times when the place was full to overflowing.

[ [ 108, 1249, 1741, 579, 365, 365, 1196, 856, 1001, 382, 102, 587, 178, 1348, 1386, 1650, 102, 329, 587, 178, 289, 1609, 1213, 110, 1231, 1803, 125, 1508, 1580, 984, 252, 1571, 1215, ...

103

8

LJ002-0007

Neild gives some figures which well illustrate this.

[ [ 1692, 1778, 1296, 1473, 1107, 1259, 1818, 903, 903, 483, 32, 1032, 269, 119, 1052, 1526, 1356, 1860, 442, 774, 212, 1443, 1931, 478, 572, 1117, 1609, 44, 1590, 920, 130, 1324, 826, ...

46

8

LJ002-0008

On the fourteenth June, eighteen hundred, there were one hundred ninety-nine debtors and two hundred eighty-nine felons in the prison.

[ [ 1646, 1902, 1552, 1721, 1406, 67, 967, 1207, 1113, 957, 1526, 2026, 1798, 908, 1269, 1689, 1689, 900, 1516, 1230, 336, 1207, 1113, 813, 1792, 1754, 294, 1394, 56, 56, 1846, 1607, 160...

100

8

LJ002-0009

On the twenty-seventh April, in the following year,

[ [ 108, 1093, 1047, 1573, 659, 1192, 1410, 1095, 1945, 278, 1374, 1383, 1526, 1526, 1516, 909, 1639, 1276, 1473, 1358, 1821, 1846, 1607, 940, 1890, 648, 1552, 1721, 1991, 1484, 719, 553, ...

39

8

LJ002-0010

these numbers had risen to two hundred seventy-five and three hundred seventy-five respectively, or six hundred fifty in all.

[ [ 1692, 475, 1790, 888, 772, 1988, 212, 1443, 1010, 1010, 539, 526, 1994, 819, 150, 1510, 11, 1323, 603, 1802, 1063, 977, 1754, 294, 1124, 561, 1134, 1374, 1192, 1410, 471, 530, 1192, ...

98

8

LJ002-0011

For two more years these high figures were steadily maintained, and in eighteen oh three the total rose to seven hundred ten.

[ [ 316, 967, 603, 1802, 1258, 690, 690, 875, 1293, 69, 69, 69, 1702, 212, 1443, 1157, 797, 797, 1028, 868, 598, 1098, 1513, 1778, 475, 1261, 1792, 1792, 839, 1457, 1721, 1356, 1860, ...

120

8

LJ002-0012

After that they fell as steadily,

[ [ 799, 1209, 1339, 1124, 1378, 585, 550, 1145, 1212, 1144, 1721, 1356, 184, 719, 1776, 1959, 1945, 1756, 529, 1235, 862, 831, 831, 15, 1895, 1793 ], [ 755, 277, 222, 1590, 847, 489, ...

26

8

LJ002-0013

till, eighteen oh eight, the lowest point was touched of one hundred ninety-seven debtors and one hundred eighty-two felons, or three hundred seventy-nine in all.

[ [ 995, 1324, 668, 126, 1537, 414, 1607, 2032, 1412, 1207, 1207, 610, 1748, 1693, 1781, 1516, 1877, 1108, 579, 797, 797, 419, 349, 383, 1782, 1519, 1228, 1615, 794, 469, 99, 1108, 1740,...

126

8

LJ002-0014

The numbers soon increased, however, and by eighteen eleven had again risen to six hundred twenty-nine; and Mr. Neild was told that there had been at one time

[ [ 678, 720, 1988, 615, 212, 128, 1032, 269, 1063, 1063, 610, 1385, 1480, 1719, 1472, 438, 912, 1848, 1290, 491, 552, 1677, 518, 1895, 832, 312, 753, 1515, 639, 337, 1695, 1695, 1781, ...

125

8