ID
int64 0
400k
| content
stringlengths 97
5.85k
|
|---|---|
2,500
|
Please write an abstract with title: Performance comparison of integrated z-axis frame microgyroscopes, and key words: Springs, Costs, Coupling circuits, Drives, Resonance, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Actuators, Micromechanical devices, Automotive engineering, Manufacturing industries. Abstract: This paper describes two different integrated surface-micromachined z-axis frame gyros fabricated side by side on a single chip for performance comparison. Frame microgyros; using an 'Inside Sense Outside Drive (ISOD)' and an 'Inside Drive Outside Sense (IDOS)' suspension designs were fabricated in the Analog Devices Modular-MEMS process using 6 /spl mu/m thick polysilicon as the structural material co-fabricated with a 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS process. Initial characterization of these gyros suggest the ISOD frame gyro has a factor of three lower quadrature and Coriolis offset and a factor of five lower noise floor (limited by electronic noise) in comparison with the IDOS frame gyro. The surface-micromachined z-axis ISOD frame gyro exhibited a noise floor of 0.01/spl deg//s//spl radic/Hz and a scale factor of 1.5 mV//spl deg//s at 70 milli-Torr pressure.
|
2,501
|
Please write an abstract with title: Deep packet filter with dedicated logic and read only memories, and key words: Filters, Logic, Read only memory, Field programmable gate arrays, Intrusion detection, Filtering, Telecommunication traffic, Inspection, Throughput, High-speed networks. Abstract: Searching for multiple string patterns in a stream of data is a computationally expensive task. The speed of the search pattern module determines the overall performance of deep packet inspection firewalls, intrusion detection systems (IDS), and intrusion prevention systems (IPS). For example, one open source IDS configured for 845 patterns, can sustain a throughput of only 50 Mbps running on a dual 1-GHz Pentium III system. Using such systems would not be practical for filtering high speed networks with over 1 Gbps traffic. Some of these systems are implemented with field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) so that they are fast and programmable. However, such FPGA filters tend to be too large to be mapped on to a single FPGA. By sharing the common sublogic in the design, we can effectively shrink the footprint of the filter. Then, for a large subset of the patterns, the logic area can be further reduced by using a memory based architecture. These design methods allow our filter for 2064 attack patterns to map onto a single Xilinx Spartan 3-XC3S2000 FPGA with a filtering rate of over 3 Gbps of network traffic.
|
2,502
|
Please write an abstract with title: New ferromagnetic Heusler alloys, and key words: Iron alloys, Shape memory alloys, Large Hadron Collider, Magnetic materials, Temperature, Shape control, Wheels, Magnetic field induced strain, Protection, Argon. Abstract: In this paper described about the synthesis of the magnetic shape memory alloys Ni/sub 2/FeGa, Mn/sub 2/FeSn and Co/sub 50/Ni/sub 30/Ga/sub 20/ and their characterization magnetic susceptibility, martensitic transformation, XRD, TEM were studied.
|
2,503
|
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Level Interpolation-Based Filter for Airborne LiDAR Point Clouds in Forested Areas, and key words: Filtering algorithms, Three-dimensional displays, Forestry, Surface morphology, Laser radar, Information filtering. Abstract: Over the past decades, plenty of filtering algorithms have been presented to distinguish ground and non-ground points from airborne LiDAR point clouds. However, with the existing methods, it is difficult to derive satisfactory filtering results on rugged terrains with dense vegetation due to the low-level penetration ability of laser pulses. Therefore, a multi-level interpolation-based filter is developed in this paper. The novelty of the algorithm lies within its usage of multi-scale morphological operations and robust z-score to correctly select ground seeds as more as possible, and a terrain-adaptive residual threshold to adapt to various terrain characteristics. Rural samples provided by International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) were employed to assess the performance of the proposed method and its results were compared with 15 filtering algorithms developed in recent 5 years (2015-2019). Results show that the proposed method with the optimized parameters produces the best accuracy with the average total error and kappa coefficient of 1.89% and 87.88%, respectively. We further filtered high-density point clouds in six forested areas with different vegetation covers and terrain slopes. Results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the well-known filtering methods including morphological-based filter, progressive TIN densification filter (PTD), improved PTD and cloth simulation filter, with the average total error decreased by 26.2%, 19.9%, 3.8% and 40.4%, respectively. Moreover, the DEMs of the proposed method have lower average root mean square errors than the four classical filters. Therefore, the proposed method can be considered as an effective ground filtering algorithm for airborne LiDAR point clouds in forested areas.
|
2,504
|
Please write an abstract with title: Multiphase Interleaved Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell/Battery Powered Electric Vehicles, and key words: Transient response, Transportation, Fuel cells, Voltage, Electric vehicles, Fossil fuels, Batteries. Abstract: Transportation relies heavily on fossil fuels. Rapid consumption of natural resources and emission of greenhouse gases due to burning of fossil fuels have prompted the automotive industry to develop sustainable and clean energy sources vehicles for urban transportation. Research and development have been carried out on vehicles driven by electricity generated through renewable sources as possible alternatives to conventional vehicles. Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are among these vehicles, which provide a means for an efficient and environmentally friendly urban transportation system. High sensitivity to sudden changes in the loads and poor transient performance issue are the main obstacles for the commercialization of pure fuel cell driven vehicles; therefore, fuel cells are usually augmented with a secondary power source. Typical systems used in industrial vehicles use battery as a secondary power source. Using battery as a secondary power source for FCEVs provides additional peak power in situations such as accelerating and hill climbing, and recuperates braking energy by regeneration, thereby improves the performance and efficiency of the overall system. To manage the energy transfer between batteries and the DC-bus, a converter with bidirectional power flow capabilities is required; therefore, the objective of this paper is to design an appropriate bidirectional DC/DC converter structure or sometimes called an energy management converter to manage the charging and discharging of the battery based on high efficiency range. A multi-phase interleaved bidirectional DC/DC converter structure is proposed, which offers reduction of: input current ripples, stresses on switches, output voltage ripples, and passive component sizes. Improving transient response and reliability are among the many advantages of using such structure.
|
2,505
|
Please write an abstract with title: Common behaviors related to corruption among public university students in Peruvian Andes, and key words: Ethics, Atmospheric measurements, Conferences, Particle measurements, Ethical aspects. Abstract: This study analyzes the common behaviors of corruption that will serve as a point of discussion regarding the courses or curriculum networks of different programs offered in the academic market. The participants comprised 201 communication sciences university students from two public universities in Junin and Puno. The corruption normalization scale, which measures common behaviors related to corruption, was applied. The results did not show a substantial difference between students from the two distinct regions in Peru, thus indicating that corruption is ingrained. This finding clearly evinces a high tolerance toward different corrupt acts, showing that the absence of values, ethical aspects, and moral norms are the basis of all forms of corruption.
|
2,506
|
Please write an abstract with title: Recursive least squares lattice algorithms--A geometrical approach, and key words: Least squares methods, Lattices, Matrix decomposition, Algorithms, Singular value decomposition, Testing, Artificial intelligence, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Automatic control, Electrons. Abstract: Several time-recursive least squares algorithms have been developed in recent years. In this paper a geometrical formalism is defined which utilizes a nested family of metric spaces indexed by the data time interval. This approach leads to a simplified derivation of the so-called recursive least squares lattice algorithms (recursive in time and order). In particular, it is found that the resulting structure provides a single framework which encompasses an entire family of fairly complex algorithms, as well as providing geometrical insight into their behavior.
|
2,507
|
Please write an abstract with title: Information Processing and Designing of Gas Well Drilling Fluids, and key words: Drilling, Fluids, Information processing. Abstract: This article introduced the information of an offshore horizontal gas well containing one main wellbore and three branch horizontal wellbores, in which formation data such as lithology, pressure and depth of different formation were included. According to these information data, we calculated wellbore structure and designed three kinds of drilling fluid system suitable for the given wellbores and those in the same developing area.
|
2,508
|
Please write an abstract with title: Optical filed enhancement by surface-plasmon resonance: theory and application to miro-bioelectronics, and key words: Resonance, Optical sensors, Biomedical optical imaging, Optical surface waves, Plasmons, Wave functions, Optical noise, Nanobioscience, Fluorescence, Lab-on-a-chip. Abstract: The optical field enhancement from plasmon resonance at spheroids is studied by solving the Maxwell's equations using spheroidal vector wave functions. The theory is applied to silver and gold. The enhancement is shown to be substantial under resonance conditions. Optical capture of fluorescent molecules to the enhancement region is discussed. Attractive as well as repulsive forces are possible depending on the wavelength. Applications for a lab-on-a-chip technology are envisaged.
|
2,509
|
Please write an abstract with title: Noninvasive method for estimation of complex elastic modulus of arterial vessels, and key words: Arteries, Velocity measurement, Ultrasonic variables measurement, Time measurement, Force measurement, Diseases, Aging, Foot, Blood, Low-frequency noise. Abstract: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is widely used for estimating the stiffness of an artery. It is well-known that a stiffened artery can be associated with various diseases and with aging. Usually, PWV is measured using the "foot-to-foot" method in which the travel time of the wave is measured over a distance. The "foot" of the pressure wave is not clear due to reflected waves and blood noise. Also, PWV is an average indicator of artery stiffness between the two measuring points and, therefore, does not identify local stiffness variations. We propose producing a bending wave in the arterial wall using low-frequency, localized ultrasound radiation force and measuring the wave velocity along the arterial wall. The wave velocity can be measured accurately over a few millimeters. A mathematical model for wave propagation along the artery is developed with which the Young's modulus of the artery can be determined from measured wave velocities. Experiments were conducted on a pig carotid artery cast in a tissue-mimicking gelatin. The wave velocity was measured by the phase change at a known distance for a given frequency. The measured wave velocity is about 3 m/s at 100 Hz and 6.5 m/s at 500 Hz. The real part of complex elastic modulus of the artery is estimated to be 300 kPa.
|
2,510
|
Please write an abstract with title: Teleoperation of Semi-autonomous Robots Through Uncertain Environments, and key words: Costs, Navigation, Robot kinematics, Operating systems, Manuals, Real-time systems, Windows. Abstract: Robot navigation tasks are usually decomposed into sequential sub-tasks, thus requiring a hierarchical design of sub-systems governed by multiple decision and control loops. In practice, people are the experts in making high-level decisions based on environmental knowledge. However, obtaining the local, real-time environment information is difficult by ourselves, especially in unreachable or dangerous environments. On the contrary, robots are good at achieving lower-level tasks such as building a cost map and detecting nearby obstacles. Therefore, teleoperation is used to coordinate strategic human brains and faithful robot sensors and actuators, providing an information-sharing protocol that helps to build a human-in-loop system. In this paper, we design a set of interactive Robot Operating System (ROS) based teleoperation windows for the operators to supervise the robot’s navigation through uncertain environments. Human operators will have the ability to modify the global cost map of the robot, which describes where obstacles are present in the robot’s environment. Currently, the cost map is constructed by a static map of the environment and image data from the onboard depth camera and is used to formulate the robot’s global path plan with Djikstra’s algorithm. With our enhancement, users can draw artificial walls around non-traversable areas and have the robot update its global path plan in real-time. The user can also switch to keyboard teleoperation mode to either stop the robot or adjust the robot’s orientation. Finally, the user can specify waypoints and perform waypoint-based navigation, where the robot is given a set of smaller destinations rather than one final destination. This teleoperation stack is verified by a navigation task in a manually set complex Gazebo simulation environment.
|
2,511
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Knowledge- Distillation - Integrated Pruning Method for Vision Transformer, and key words: Performance evaluation, Knowledge engineering, Training, Runtime, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Memory management. Abstract: Vision transformers (ViTs) have made remarkable achievements in various computer vision applications such as image classification, object detection, and image segmentation. Since the self-attention mechanism introduced by itself can model the relationship between all pixels of the input image, the performance of the ViTs model is significantly improved compared to the traditional CNN network. However, their storage, runtime memory and computing requirements hinder their deployment on edge devices. This paper proposes a ViT pruning method with knowledge distillation, which can prune the ViT model and avoid the performance loss of the model after pruning. Based on the idea that knowledge distillation can make the student model improve the performance of the model by learning the unique knowledge of the teacher model, the convolution neural network (CNN) which has the unique ability of parameter sharing and local receptive field is used as a teacher model to guide the training of the ViT model and enable the ViT model to obtain the same ability. In addition, some important parts may be cut during pruning, resulting in irreversible loss of model performance. To solve this problem, this paper designs the importance score learning module to guide the pruning work, and determines that the pruning work removes the unimportant parts of the model. Finally, this paper compares the pruned model with other methods in terms of accuracy, Floating Point Operations(FLOPs) and model parameters on ImageNet-1k.
|
2,512
|
Please write an abstract with title: Revisiting the Challenges and Opportunities in Software Plagiarism Detection, and key words: Technological innovation, Codes, Plagiarism, Scalability, Conferences, Dynamic scheduling, Software. Abstract: Software plagiarism seriously impedes the healthy development of open source software. To fight against code obfuscation and inherent non-determinism of thread scheduling applied against software plagiarism detection, we proposed a new dynamic birthmark called DYnamic Key Instruction Sequence (DYKIS) and a framework called Thread-oblivious dynamic Birthmark (TOB) for the purpose of reviving the existing birthmarks and a thread-aware dynamic birthmark called Thread-related System call Birthmark (TreSB). Though many approaches have been proposed for software plagiarism detection, they are still limited to satisfy the following highly desired requirements: the applicability to handle binary, the capability to detect partial plagiarism, the resiliency to code obfuscation, the interpretability on detection results, and the scalability to process large-scale software. In this position paper, we discuss and outline the research opportunities and challenges in the field of software plagiarism detection in order to stimulate brilliant innovations and direct our future research efforts.
|
2,513
|
Please write an abstract with title: Artificial Intelligence in Hybrid Vehicle Transmission Control - Literature Review and Research Methodology, and key words: Control design, Bibliographies, Mechanical power transmission, Learning (artificial intelligence), Boundary conditions, Software, Robustness. Abstract: The electrification of vehicles is making the development of control software for automatic transmissions increasingly complex. A new drive train behavior is created, as well as new driving functions and operating states. Furthermore, increasing customer requirements for comfort, dynamics and fuel consumption must be ensured over the entire service life. The authors analyze the state-of-art in transmission control showing that current development methods are reaching their limits. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers many advantages such as optimization, learning algorithms and databased modelling. AI thus opens up new possibilities for designing control algorithms. This paper includes a literature review showing that AI methods in vehicle powertrains has not yet been adequately researched, especially in the design of control algorithms in hybrid vehicle transmissions. From this, the authors derive the research hypothesis that AI methods increase the accuracy and robustness of control algorithms in hybrid vehicle transmissions. Research questions are: Which challenges exist in hybrid vehicle transmission control? Which AI methods are useful in this area? What are the boundary conditions and benefits of those methods? Finally, the paper describes a research methodology to answer those questions including the analysis of the state-of-art in transmission control, expert interviews, and validation experiments.
|
2,514
|
Please write an abstract with title: Leakage Inductance Estimation of Toroidal Common-mode Choke from Perspective of Analogy between Reluctances and Capacitances, and key words: Inductance, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Simulation, Wires, Predictive models, Capacitance. Abstract: To reduce the volume and weight of differential-mode (DM) inductors, the leakage inductance of a toroidal common-mode (CM) choke is ofen used as partial DM inductance. However, the accurate prediction of the leakage inductance of CM chokes through an analytical model is difficult, making the determination of remaining DM inductance difficult. This paper proposes a modeling method with the analogy between reluctances (or magnetic fields) and capacitances (or capacitive fields). The proposed method is verified by the leakage inductance comparison between the proposed model and simulation results for two CM cores with different turns numbers and wire gauges, and it demonstrated the proposed model can achieve the errors within 15% compared with simulation results for all cases.
|
2,515
|
Please write an abstract with title: An approach to seek policy disputes based on dispute cycle avoidance, and key words: Routing protocols, History, Computer science, IP networks, Internet. Abstract: The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the de facto inter-domain routing protocol used to exchange network reachability information between ASes in the global Internet. However, it was shown previously that the conflict of BGP routing policies can cause it to diverge. An approach is presented to seek the set of conflict routing policies based on dispute cycle avoidance. The stable paths problem, a static formalism that captures the semantics of inter-domain routing protocol, provides the theoretical foundation for this approach. And this approach draws on the simple path vector protocol to identify the dispute cycles that cause routing oscillation first, and then queries which routing policies lead to these cycles in a distributed manner. Finally, it determines conflict routing policies based on dispute cycle avoidance. In addition, a simulation instance is given in order to explain results of this method.
|
2,516
|
Please write an abstract with title: The EnEMA System-Ennead Electromagnetic Actuation System-Towards locomotion control for targeted drug delivery, and key words: Targeted drug delivery, Magnetic particles, Prototypes, Rats, Multitasking, Magnetic fields, Electromagnetic fields. Abstract: This paper presents an optimized design and development of the electromagnetic actuation (EMA) system, which can generate a strong electromagnetic field to control micro/nanomagnetic objects. The EMA system consists of nine electromagnetic sources, so called Ennead Electromagnetic Actuation (EnEMA) system. The system configuration is designed based on our proposed optimization algorithm considering the design constraints given by the user, and the optimal configuration has the most isotropic and the strongest generated field among all available candidates considering the same design constraints. The EnEMA system can control the magnetic object in 5-DoFs without singularity, which is capable of multi-task control of the micro/nanomagnetic objects. The maximum achievable magnetic field and gradient field of the system are 174 mT and 5 T/m. A prototype of the system was constructed, and calibrated, which was then used to perform precise control of magnetic particle in three-dimensional space. The system is ready for in-vivo in small animal such as rats for targeted drug delivery.
|
2,517
|
Please write an abstract with title: Hopfield neural networks optimization method for VP routing in ATM network, and key words: Hopfield neural networks, Optimization methods, Routing, Intelligent networks, Chaos, Educational institutions, Power engineering and energy, Electronic mail, Computer networks, Equations. Abstract: To improve ATM network survivability level, a discrete Hopfield neural network algorithm with transient chaos for VP routing in ATM network was put forward. The computational energy function of VP routing and the motion equation of the discrete Hopfield neural network with transient chaos were also given. Compared with the VP routing algorithms exited, the simulation results show that it is both faster and more effective to achieve VP routing.
|
2,518
|
Please write an abstract with title: The thermal stability of zirconium aluminate high-k film on strained SiGe layer, and key words: Thermal stability, Zirconium, High K dielectric materials, High-K gate dielectrics, Silicon germanium, Germanium silicon alloys, Temperature, Amorphous materials, Annealing, Dielectric films. Abstract: Zr/sub 0.6/Al/sub 0.4/O/sub 1.8/ dielectric films were deposited directly on strained SiGe substrate at room temperature by ultra-high vacuum electron-beam evaporation (UHV-EBE) and then annealed in N/sub 2/ under various temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that the onset crystallization temperature of the Zr/sub 0.6/Al/sub 0.4/O/sub 1.8/ film is about 900/spl deg/C, 400/spl deg/C higher than that of pure ZrO/sub 2/. The amorphous Zr/sub 0.6/Al/sub 0.4/O/sub 1.8/ film with a physical thickness of /spl sim/ 12 nm and an amorphous interfacial layer (IL) with a physical thickness of /spl sim/3 nm have been observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). In addition, it is demonstrated there is no undesirable amorphous phase separation during annealing at temperatures below and equal to 800/spl deg/C in the Zr/sub 0.6/Al/sub 0.4/O/sub 1.8/ film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that zirconium and aluminum are both in the fully oxidation states.
|
2,519
|
Please write an abstract with title: The Research for Software Programming of English Online Learning, and key words: Costs, Codes, Conferences, Programming, Software systems, Software, Faces. Abstract: Everyone appreciates the importance of software programming. It is the process of letting computer code solve a certain problem, running a certain calculation method for a certain calculation system, making the calculation system work according to the calculation method, and finally obtaining the expected result. Major determinants of software programming product are costs, procedures, and qualities. In this article, the author aims to discuss the software programming, process improvement, as well as the suggestions for English online learning software apps.
|
2,520
|
Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of ATSC 3.0 and 3GPP Rel-17 5G Broadcasting Systems for Mobile Handheld Applications, and key words: 5G mobile communication, Physical layer, Codes, Broadcasting, Symbols, OFDM, Parity check codes. Abstract: This paper provides performance evaluations of two state-of-the-art terrestrial broadcasting systems, ATSC 3.0 and 3GPP Rel-17 5G broadcast, in terms of physical layer capability, network deployment and operating costs. The physical layer performances are evaluated in the mobile broadcasting environment, considering practical implementations of the handheld terminals. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that ATSC 3.0 outperforms 5G broadcast, because of well-designed bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and time interleaver that can mitigate deep signal fades. The capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operating expenses (OPEX) of the two systems are analyzed based on physical layer performances. The evaluations could be used for the planning of terrestrial broadcast services to mobile handheld devices.
|
2,521
|
Please write an abstract with title: Forecasting Electricity Consumption in a National Power System, and key words: Industries, Energy consumption, Predictive models, Power systems, Forecasting, Testing. Abstract: A model of a system for forecasting electricity consumption in a national power system is presented in this paper. Its goal is multi-factor forecasting based on forecast data on significant factors, which are obtained by automated testing of different methods and selection of the method with the least error. The model is experimented with forecasting electricity consumption in Bulgaria.
|
2,522
|
Please write an abstract with title: Design and Analysis of a Linear Digital Variable Stiffness Actuator, and key words: Springs, Actuators, Force, Wires, Austenite, Regulation, Heating systems. Abstract: In this paper, a novel variable stiffness mechanism (VSM) based on specially designed S-springs made from shape memory alloy (SMA) is developed. Based on the stiffness model, by changing the state combination of the SMA S-springs with different thicknesses, the actuator's stiffness can be discretely adjusted online. The stiffness adjustment range of the actuator can be conveniently extended almost from 0 N/m to infinity by changing the preset spring angle manually offline without a complex mechanical mechanism or replacing any parts. A linear digital variable stiffness actuator (LDVSA) is also designed with the VSM. Some tests of the SMA S-springs, as well as the actuator's stiffness under different configurations, comparisons with other actuators and its trajectory tracking capacity are conducted to verify its design. Then, a dynamic model of the actuator is established and its bandwidth is analysed. Based on this, explosive experiments are designed and performed to explore the application potential of the actuator. Experimental results are provided to illustrate the explosive capacity and energy efficiency of the proposed design.
|
2,523
|
Please write an abstract with title: Living furniture: life support at home by lifelike furnishings and appliances, and key words: Home appliances, Weather forecasting, Intelligent sensors, Liquid crystal displays, Prototypes, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Flat panel displays, Humans, Space technology, Intserv networks. Abstract: We propose lifelike furniture, which interacts with persons thoughtfully. Each piece of furniture supports persons by stand-alone, and they cooperate with each other to provide complex support. We implemented working prototypes of furniture and the platform for integrated services.
|
2,524
|
Please write an abstract with title: Remarks on System Identification Using a Quaternion Recurrent Neural Network Trained by Backpropagation through Time, and key words: Backpropagation, Recurrent neural networks, Quaternions, Simulation, Control systems, System identification, Nonlinear systems. Abstract: This study investigates the learning capability of a quaternion recurrent neural network that is trained based on a backpropagation through time algorithm extended to quaternion numbers. Computational experiments to identify nonlinear systems, e.g. a three–dimensional chaotic system and discrete–time plant, were performed, and the simulation results confirmed the feasibility of using the quaternion recurrent neural network for a control system application.
|
2,525
|
Please write an abstract with title: Protocol for peer-to-peer networking in mobile environments, and key words: Protocols, Peer to peer computing, Intelligent networks, Ad hoc networks, Mobile ad hoc networks, Mobile communication, Telecommunication traffic, Routing, Network topology, Switches. Abstract: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) as well as mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) follow the same idea of creating a network without the help of central entities. However P2P and MANETs operate on different network layers. A combination of both, creates new services and possibilities, but also faces several problems. Introducing P2P computing in ad-hoc networks without considering the particular requirements of ad hoc networks has a poor performance. This paper addresses these problems and introduces the mobile peer-to-peer protocol (MPP) suite as novel approach. It spans from the network layer to the application layer, and tries to reuse existing protocols as far as possible. MPP allows a realistic operation of Peer-to-Peer services over ad hoc networks. The Peer-to-Peer layer must be well aware about the wireless network to minimize the traffic and to cope with frequent route breaks. Additionally the network layer needs knowledge about the Peer-to-Peer application, in order to establish routes only to appropriate communication partners. MPP thus forms the necessary framework to allow the creation of a vast variety of different services over ad hoc networks.
|
2,526
|
Please write an abstract with title: Real-time image processing by distributed arithmetic implementation of two-dimensional digital filters, and key words: Image processing, Digital arithmetic, Digital filters, Finite impulse response filter, Magnetic separation, Hardware, Costs, Filtering, Two dimensional displays, IIR filters. Abstract: This paper describes the implementation of two-dimensional recursive digital filters for real-time image processing. The filter structure is described by distributed arithmetic and the operations involved are memory fetches and additions. An error analysis of the two-dimensional filter structure described by distributed arithmetic is outlined and the expression for the mean-squared error is derived. This approach is compared to an equivalent conventional filter structure using multipliers. It is demonstrated that the distributed arithmetic implementation offers a significant reduction in cost as well as power consumption for real-time image processing. In addition, the hardware design of a second-order two-dimensional distributed filter is presented and its performance is examined. This filter is constructed using standard integrated circuits and memories and is capable of filtering images of sizes up to 256 × 256 pixels in real time.
|
2,527
|
Please write an abstract with title: Structure variable PID control design based on DNA coding method, and key words: Three-term control, Control design, Genetic mutations, Evolution (biology), DNA computing, Sequences, Chemicals, Biological control systems, Bioinformatics, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: A novel structure variable PID control design based on the DNA algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses a coding method originated from the structure of biological DNA molecules to map parameters as well as the structure of PID controllers. A frameshift mutation operator is presented to modify the controller's structure while performing the molecular evolution process. Extensive computer simulations and experiments are presented to support the proposed design.
|
2,528
|
Please write an abstract with title: LSTM-Based Rapid Identification of Dominant Low Frequency Oscillation Modal Features in Power System, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Neural networks, System integration, Power system stability, Attenuation, Time-varying systems, Oscillators. Abstract: Low frequency oscillation (LFO) analysis is quite important for the stability and security of modern power system. The most popular LFO identification methods, such as FFT, Prony, HHT, and even recently proposed algorithms based on neural networks, regarding the measured signal as a stationary and time-invariant signal. Moreover, some methods need tens of seconds or even minutes of measured data before analysis. These are not fit for the modern power system with high proportion of renewables and high proportion of power electronics, where the system status is fast time-varying and the LFO is with more complex characteristics. In this paper, a rapid LFO analysis method based on long-short-term memory neural network (LSTM) has been proposed to solve this problem. The identification process can be divided into three steps. Firstly, determine the order of LFO dominant modes. Then according to the result of order identification, identify frequency feature of each mode. Lastly, qualitatively evaluate attenuation factor of each mode. Experiments are made to prove effectiveness of the proposed method. Comparison work with Prony method demonstrates the advantages of this approach when the LFO signal is with noise and time-varying.
|
2,529
|
Please write an abstract with title: A heuristic approach to synthesize Boolean functions using TANT network, and key words: Network synthesis, Boolean functions, Programmable logic arrays, Tail, DH-HEMTs, Logic devices, Integrated circuit interconnections, Minimization methods, Computer science, Heuristic algorithms. Abstract: TANT is a three-level AND-NOT network with true inputs composed solely of NAND gates. This correspondence describe a systematic method for minimizing a TANT circuit and the heuristic algorithms for different stages of the technique are provided along with it to improve the existing method. It has been also shown that, the existing method produces sub optimal result in some cases, where as the proposed one produces the optimal result. Algorithms in each step of the proposed method are extensively discussed in this paper.
|
2,530
|
Please write an abstract with title: Classical Mechanism is Optimal in Classical-Quantum Differentially Private Mechanisms, and key words: differential privacy, quantum state, information processing inequality, parameter estimation. Abstract: Differential privacy (DP) is an influential privacy measure and has been studied to protect private data. DP has been often studied in classical probability theory, but few researchers studied quantum versions of DP. In this paper, we consider classical-quantum DP mechanisms which (i) convert binary private data to quantum states and (ii) satisfy a quantum version of the DP constraint. The class of classical-quantum DP mechanisms contains classical DP mechanisms. As a main result, we show that some classical DP mechanism optimizes any information quantity satisfying the information processing inequality. Therefore, the performance of classical DP mechanisms attains that of classical-quantum DP mechanisms.
|
2,531
|
Please write an abstract with title: Stress Data Collection and Analysis using "MindScale" for Stress Visualization, and key words: stress management, stress visualization, photo-plethysmography (PPG), circumplex model. Abstract: This paper attempts to visualize stress by analyzing data collected from an IoT device called "MindScale™." The healthcare field, including stress visualization, will be revolutionized by Industry 4.0, focusing on interconnection, automation, machine learning, and real-time data. The "MindScale™" system we developed utilizes a fingertip pulse wave sensor module with a smartphone application. Using this system, we will analyze and visualize the stress state using about 30,000 data. From these results, "MindScale™" can visualize the stress and propose specific solutions using IoT, innovative digital technology, and big data.
|
2,532
|
Please write an abstract with title: A reservation-based coordination protocol for Web services, and key words: Protocols, Web services, Business, Application software, Marketing and sales, Availability, Web and internet services, Distributed computing, Humans, Costs. Abstract: Traditional transaction semantics are not appropriate for business activities that involve long-running transactions in a loosely-coupled distributed environment, in particular, for Web services that operate between different enterprises over the Internet. In this paper we describe a novel reservation-based extended transaction protocol that can be used to coordinate such business activities. The protocol avoids the use of compensating transactions, which can result in undesirable effects. In our protocol, each task within a business activity is executed as two steps. The first step involves an explicit reservation of resources. The second step involves the confirmation or cancellation of the reservation. Each step is executed as a separate traditional short-running transaction. We show how our protocol can be implemented as a reservation protocol on top of the Web services transaction specification or, alternatively, as a coordination protocol on top of the Web services coordination specification.
|
2,533
|
Please write an abstract with title: Stability analysis of systems with bounded additive uncertainties based on invariant sets: Stability and feasibility of MPC, and key words: Stability analysis, Uncertainty, Robust stability, Control systems, Sufficient conditions, Optimal control, Set theory, Telephony, Constraint theory, Industry applications. Abstract: In this paper the stability of constrained nonlinear discrete time systems with bounded additive uncertainty is analyzed. Sufficient conditions to guarantee that an autonomous constrained system is stable and ultimately bounded are given. These results are applied to MPC and sufficient conditions for stability and feasibility are obtained. The paper uses invariance set theory to extend the work of Scokaert et al. (1997), where asymptotic stability of MPC with decaying perturbation is analyzed, to bounded, non decaying, additive uncertainties.
|
2,534
|
Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of the output spectra of krypton and xenon filled flashtubes, and key words: Xenon, Raman scattering, Spectroscopy, Optical scattering, Pump lasers, Energy states, Ionization, Laser excitation, Particle scattering, Absorption. Abstract: The spectral output of krypton filled flashtubes has been investigated and compared to that of xenon filled tubes. It was observed that although xenon has a higher luminous efficiency than krypton, the krypton output is 150 to 200 percent of the xenon output at 810 nanometers depending on the input energy level. The implication is that krypton is a more efficient pumping source for lasers with an absorption band in the region of 810 nanometers.
|
2,535
|
Please write an abstract with title: Ellipsometric characterization of Si nano-particles formed in SiO/sub 2/ films as an electro-luminescence element, and key words: Semiconductor films, Nanoscale devices, Optical films, Ellipsometry, Wavelength measurement, Optical refraction, Fabrication, Glass, Optical variables control, Refractive index. Abstract: An aggregation of Si nano-particles is very attractive due to its potential application to the light emitting devices. Many researches are carrying out their studies intensively in this field. The size and the number density of Si nano-particles formed in the SiO/sub 2/ film are of most interest and important factors in the fabrication process of the light emitting devices. We have tried to determine the concentration ratio of Si nano-particles dispersed in the SiO/sub 2/ film by ellipsometry.
|
2,536
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Survey of Optimization Algorithms for Fog Computing Service Placement, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Edge computing, Optimization, Cloud computing, Quality of service, Internet of Things, Reliability. Abstract: Fog computing provides Quality Of Service to latency sensitive applications in bandwidth constrained WAN networks. Fog environment consist of a set of IoT devices, fog nodes, and cloud node that gathers the sensed data, application requests from the user and decided to place the application modules in the suitable node. Fog framework uses the optimization algorithms to distribute the IoT application modules, based on functional requirements. This survey explores various optimization techniques to the application module placement, which includes Exact methods, Heuristic methods, Hybrid methods, and Hyper heuristic techniques on fog networks. The proposed work analyses and examine different optimization criteria, and outline the research challenges in the service placement.
|
2,537
|
Please write an abstract with title: Green Vehicle Routing Problem: State of the Art and Future Directions, and key words: Vehicle routing, Transportation, Fuels, Green products, Metaheuristics, Heuristic algorithms, Europe, Carbon emissions. Abstract: Green vehicle routing problem (GVRP) aims to consider greenhouse gas emissions reduction, while routing the vehicles. It can be either through adopting Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) or with existing conventional fossil fuel vehicles in fleets. GVRP also takes into account environmental sustainability in transportation and logistics. We critically review several variations and specializations of GVRP to address issues related to charging, pick-up, delivery, and energy consumption. Starting with the concepts and definitions of GVRP, we summarize the key elements and contributors to GVRP publications. Afterward, the issues regarding each category of green vehicle routing are reviewed, based on which key future research directions and challenges are suggested. It was observed that the main focus of previous publications is on the operational level routing decision and not the supply chain issues. The majority of publications used metaheuristic methods, while overlooking the emerging machine learning methods. We envision that in addition to machine learning, reinforcement learning, distributed systems, internet of vehicles (IoV), and new fuel technologies have a strong role in developing the GVRP research further.
|
2,538
|
Please write an abstract with title: Physical Adversarial Attacks in Simulated Environments, and key words: Training, Measurement, Image quality, Machine learning algorithms, Image color analysis, Pipelines, Lighting. Abstract: Adversarial attacks against machine learning algorithms are increasingly a threat as object detection, tracking, and identification systems are more frequently and widely deployed in the real world. Current research on the evaluation of adversarial physical attacks and defenses utilize open and static datasets, such as APRICOT, to provide a benchmark for comparison. Evaluating defenses in the real world can be time consuming as the collection of data in the environment of concern with enough variation such as distance, lighting, and viewing angle is quite tedious. Even so, the digital insertion of attacks (such as adver-sarial patches) has been shown to overestimate effectiveness when compared to physical insertion in the real world, often because environmental variations are not taken into consideration. This work focuses on creating a pipeline in a simulated environment to evaluate the effectiveness of adversarial patches and correct for these real world variations. In this paper, we leverage Car Learning to Act (CARLA), a hyper-realistic autonomous driving simulator, and DAPRICOT (a method to digitally insert realistic adversarial attacks into real-world scenes) to simulate and correct for realistic operational conditions.
|
2,539
|
Please write an abstract with title: Energy Efficient Mechanism over LoRa for Search and Rescue operations, and key words: Location awareness, Energy consumption, Wearable computers, Computational modeling, Energy efficiency, Batteries, Wearable sensors. Abstract: Search and Rescue (SAR) operations can be vastly benefited by the use of IoT and especially by Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) technologies, such as Long Range (LoRa). In this framework, the wearable device-based Search And Rescue system (WeSAR) project has been created. The main goals that WeSAR tries to improve are the localization accuracy and the energy efficiency of the wearable device. In this paper, the authors propose an energy-efficient mechanism for LoRa networks, taking into consideration the energy of a real wearable device, containing multiple sensors in a SAR scenario. In this work, we simulate the LoRa network, taking into consideration the various states of a wearable device and the impact of the sensors on the energy consumption, in order to have insights into the mechanism’s efficiency with multiple nodes, up to 500 nodes. The experiment results reveal significant reductions in the energy consumption of the wearable device and improvement of battery life, in urban and suburban conditions, and in stationary and no stationary node mobility models.
|
2,540
|
Please write an abstract with title: Rapid automatic waveguide recognition using YOLO for 3D waveguide drawing, and key words: Couplings, Three-dimensional displays, Switches, Microoptics. Abstract: Automatic waveguide recognition by using YOLO has been studied toward MCF/optical mode-switch coupling with 3D waveguide drawing. Rapid recognition time of 110 ms was achieved on average.
|
2,541
|
Please write an abstract with title: Semi-Supervised Natural Face De-Occlusion, and key words: Faces, Face recognition, Generators, Training, Task analysis, Shape, Annotations. Abstract: Occlusions are often present in face images in the wild, e.g., under video surveillance and forensic scenarios. Existing face de-occlusion methods are limited as they require the knowledge of an occlusion mask. To overcome this limitation, we propose in this paper a new generative adversarial network (named OA-GAN) for natural face de-occlusion without an occlusion mask, enabled by learning in a semi-supervised fashion using (i) paired images with known masks of artificial occlusions and (ii) natural images without occlusion masks. The generator of our approach first predicts an occlusion mask, which is used for filtering the feature maps of the input image as a semantic cue for de-occlusion. The filtered feature maps are then used for face completion to recover a non-occluded face image. The initial occlusion mask prediction might not be accurate enough, but it gradually converges to the accurate one because of the adversarial loss we use to perceive which regions in a face image need to be recovered. The discriminator of our approach consists of an adversarial loss, distinguishing the recovered face images from natural face images, and an attribute preserving loss, ensuring that the face image after de-occlusion can retain the attributes of the input face image. Experimental evaluations on the widely used CelebA dataset and a dataset with natural occlusions we collected show that the proposed approach can outperform the state of the art methods in natural face de-occlusion.
|
2,542
|
Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic Sizing of Continuously Divisible Jobs for Heterogeneous Resources, and key words: Dynamic, Bag of tasks, Workflow, Bioinformatic, Distributed Computing, Concurrent Execution. Abstract: Many scientific applications operate on large datasets that can be partitioned and operated on concurrently. The existing approaches for concurrent execution generally rely on statically partitioned data. This static partitioning can lock performance in a sub-optimal configuration, leading to higher execution time and an inability to respond to dynamic resources. We present the Continuously Divisible Job abstraction which allows statically defined applications to have their component tasks dynamically sized responding to system behavior. The Continuously Divisible Job abstraction defines a simple interface that dictates how work can be recursively divided, executed, and merged. Implementing this abstraction allows scientific applications to leverage dynamic job coordinators for execution. We also propose the Virtual File abstraction which allows read-only subsets of large files to be treated as separate files. In exploring the Continuously Divisible Job abstraction, two applications were implemented using the Continuously Divisible Job interface: a bioinformatics application and a high-energy physics event analysis. These were tested using an abstract job interface and several job coordinators. Comparing these against a previous static partitioning implementation we show comparable or better performance without having to make static decisions or implement complex dynamic application handling.
|
2,543
|
Please write an abstract with title: Corrections to “Multiband Chiral Metasurface for Asymmetric Reflection and Transmission of Circularly Polarized Waves” [Jan 22 178-182], and key words: Metasurfaces, Reflection coefficient, Electromagnetic wave polarization, Electromagnetic reflection. Abstract: In [1], there was a typo in the transmission coefficient matrix presented in (2). The correct equation is as follows: \begin{align*} &\hspace{-12pt}\left({\begin{array}{cccc} {{T_{rr}}}&{{T_{rl}}}\\ {{T_{lr}}}&{{T_{ll}}} \end{array}} \right) \\ &\hspace{-12pt}=\! \frac{1}{2}\!\left(\! {\begin{array}{cccc} {{T_{xx}} + {T_{yy}} + i({T_{xy}} - {T_{yx}})}&{{T_{xx}} - {T_{yy}} + i({T_{xy}} + {T_{yx}})}\\ {{T_{xx}} - {T_{yy}} - i({T_{xy}} + {T_{yx}})}&{{T_{xx}} + {T_{yy}} - i({T_{xy}} - {T_{yx}})} \end{array}} \!\right)\!. \tag{2} \end{align*}
|
2,544
|
Please write an abstract with title: Memory-Augmented System Identification With Finite-Time Convergence, and key words: Convergence, History, Trajectory, Lyapunov methods, System dynamics, Nonlinear systems. Abstract: This letter presents a memory-augmented system identifier with finite-time convergence for continuous-time uncertain nonlinear systems. A memory of events with significant effect on the performance of the identifier is formed, and reuse of historic data is leveraged in the identifier's update law to guarantee that the identifier's error converges to zero in finite time. An easy-to-check and verifiable metric defined on samples collected along the system's trajectories is provided to certify the finite-time convergence. The robustness of the proposed identifier to mismatched modeling error is analyzed. Finally, a simulation example verifies the efficiency of the proposed identifier.
|
2,545
|
Please write an abstract with title: Hardware prototyping for the H.264 4/spl times/4 transformation [video coding], and key words: Hardware, Prototypes, Computer architecture, Video compression, Quantization, Equations, Discrete cosine transforms, Discrete transforms, HDTV, Computational modeling. Abstract: This paper presents a hardware prototype of the H.264 transformation. The proposed architecture uses only add and shift operations to reduce the computational requirements for the 4/spl times/4 transform. The architecture is developed to be used in high-resolution applications such as high definition television (HDTV) and digital cinema. The developed architecture is prototyped and simulated using ModelSim 5.4/spl reg/. It is synthesized using Leonardo Spectrum/spl reg/. The results show that the architecture satisfies the real-time constraints required by different digital video applications.
|
2,546
|
Please write an abstract with title: Small-signal nonlinear modeling of television IOTs, and key words: TV, Predictive models, Radio frequency, Nonlinear distortion, Mathematical model, Distortion measurement, UHF measurements, Testing, Wideband, Driver circuits. Abstract: The inductive output tube (IOT) is a high power vacuum tube amplifier popularly used in UHF television broadcasting. A small-signal nonlinear model is presented for the IOT. Several simplifying assumptions are made to make the proposed model more tractable mathematically. Component values are then assigned to this simplified model based on measured IOT S/sub 11/ performance. This model is used to predict IOT intermodulation performance for a unique test case. The results predicted by the proposed model compare favorably to the real world measured results for the same test case.
|
2,547
|
Please write an abstract with title: The Impact of MOOC Instructor Group Diversity on Review Volume and Rating— Coursera Specialization as an Example, and key words: Education, Cultural differences, Diversity reception, Psychology, Collaboration, Economics. Abstract: Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have attracted increasing attention. Instructors, as an important component of MOOC online collaboration, have not received sufficient attention. Therefore, this paper constructs a hierarchical linear model (HLM) with time variables to study how the instructor group diversity of Coursera specialization affects group performance and how the instructor group diversity of the specialization changes with time. This paper chooses instructor groups of all Coursera specializations from May to October 2018 as the empirical research object, obtains 397 specialization courses, and calculates and analyzes the research object. The results show the following. (1) The duration difference in the continuous opening course by instructor group has a significantly negative impact on the review volume and rating of the specialization, but the negative impact gradually decreases up to a point. Beyond that point, the review volume and rating increase with the increase in duration difference in the continuous opening courses by instructor group. (2) The difference in the teaching field by instructor group has a significantly positive impact on the specialization review volume, but the positive impact gradually decreases up to a point. Beyond that point, the specialization review volume decreases with the increase in the difference of the instructor group teaching field. Unexpectedly, the difference in the instructor teaching field has no significant impact on the specialization rating. (3) In a specialization, the duration difference in the continuous opening course by instructor group decreases significantly over time, as does the difference in the teaching field. Therefore, some suggestions are proposed for the future construction of Coursera specialization.
|
2,548
|
Please write an abstract with title: Transformer tap setting observability in state estimation, and key words: Observability, State estimation, Fluid flow measurement, Position measurement, Load flow, Voltage measurement, Jacobian matrices, Power measurement, Intelligent networks, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: In conventional state estimation, transformer tap settings are treated as fixed network parameters. This may reduce the accuracy of state estimation algorithm, when a tap measurement is in error or an unmeasured tap is unknown. This paper presents a numerical observability analysis algorithm for a state estimation model which treats transformer tap settings as state variables and provides for turns ratio and phase-shift angle measurements. The proposed model is transformed to a conventional node frame of reference, by introducing one fictitious bus and one fictitious branch for each transformer with tap estimation enabled. For an unobservable system, observable islands are determined and additional measurements are directly provided for placement. Test results are presented.
|
2,549
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Modified H-Bridge Transformerless PhotoVoltaic Neutral-point-clamped inverter with constant common mode voltage, and key words: Simulation, Capacitors, Electromagnetic interference, Switches, Inverters, Topology, Leakage currents. Abstract: Nowadays, transformerless PV inverters (TPVI) are more popular due to its excellent features such as lower in size, cost and higher in efficiency, as compared with conventional inverters. Undoubtedly it leads dangerous leakage current via stray capacitors to the ground, which results higher current ripples and problems related to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Therefore, a several configurations have been proposed with reduced leakage current and constant common-mode voltage (CMV). In this paper a modified H-bridge structure is proposed with rectifier circuit at mid-point of the dc-link capacitor to keep constant CMV in the whole grid cycle namely M-HB topology. The theoretical findings of the M-HB inverter are tested through simulation results. At the end a fair comparative analysis is presented.
|
2,550
|
Please write an abstract with title: Investigating the validity of the czarnecki three-phase power definitions, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Power system harmonics, Impedance, Voltage measurement, RLC circuits, Current measurement, Voltage control. Abstract: Non-sinusoidal conditions in modern power systems require special definitions to describe power. A clear physical interpretation of different conditions leading to different phenomena is essential to enable engineers to relate power measurements to meaningful physical manifestations in the network when the objective is the design of a compensation schemes or a tariff structure. L.S. Czamecki created a number of unique power definitions in the frequency domain that conform very well to these requirements. Unfortunately, an important but hitherto neglected deficiency appears to be present in the Czamecki definitions. Under practical conditions the summation of power in three-phase networks with distorted waveforms yields erroneous results. This paper investigates this important inherent deficiency in the Czamecki power theory.
|
2,551
|
Please write an abstract with title: Design of a Mixed Signal Fall Detector System based on a Single 3-D Accelerometer with Dual Mode Physiological Signal Readouts for Stand-Alone Wearable Applications, and key words: Micromechanical devices, Heart rate, Technological innovation, Wearable computers, Space technology, Detectors, SPICE. Abstract: Fall detection technologies kept on advancing to provide better prediction ability, portability and wearability. Existing fallrelated studies include vision-based systems and wearable devices. Though there is already abundant work in the wearable technology space, there is still innovation in making such devices autonomous or standalone. Furthermore, such device could have more functionality embedded to it in one silicon. This served to be the motivation of this work as it attempts to develop a mixed signal system that is fairly stand-alone in terms of fall detection while providing a front-end for heart rate, mean arterial pressure and temperature at post fall condition with inactivity log. For fall detection, a combination of magnitude and spike windowing and thresholding are utilized for a more robust detection. This circuit has been designed using TSMC 0.18um technology obtained from MOSIS wafer test runs and was verified using SPICE.
|
2,552
|
Please write an abstract with title: Flexible Patch Antenna Array Operating at Microwaves Based on Thin Composite Material, and key words: Antenna arrays, Fabrics, Laminates, Fabrication, Patch antennas, Conductivity, Microwave antenna arrays, Conformal mapping, 5G mobile communication. Abstract: This paper presents an innovative route to fabricate conformal patch antenna arrays based on a flexible mesh-style conductive fabric / E-glass fiber composite laminate with improved performance at microwaves. On the one hand, the ohmic loss in the antenna array is restricted by integrating a highly conductive fabric into an E-glass fiber composite laminate and by using it as feeding lines and radiating elements after its precise machining by laser technology. On the other hand, the dielectric loss is restricted by inserting a foam layer (with dielectric characteristics close to those of the air) between the laminate substrate and the ground plane which is made of the highly conductive mesh-style fabric. The bending effect of the antenna array on its radiation pattern is minimized by applying a phase offset through phase shifters at the feeding lines of the most curved patches. The high radiation performance in gain and efficiency at 5.8 GHz (11.9 dBi and 75% in a flat configuration, and 8.7 dBi and 75% in a 50 mm-radius bending configuration, respectively), the seamless integration process, and the flexible mechanical properties of such composite antenna arrays pave the way for their promising and efficient integration into various devices, objects, and vehicles made of composite laminate materials.
|
2,553
|
Please write an abstract with title: Analytical calculations of winding capacitances in transformers, and key words: Transformers, Parasitic capacitance, Inductors, RLC circuits, Coils, Switches, Equations, Minimization, Switching loss, Attenuation. Abstract: In this paper, analytical calculations of winding capacitances in transformers was analyzed. Winding sections and equivalent circuit of the transformer were presented.
|
2,554
|
Please write an abstract with title: From IEEE 11073 SDC Device Specializations to Assistive Systems: Rule-based Data Analysis for Minimal Invasive Surgery, and key words: Standards, Surgery, Interoperability, Biomedical imaging, Databases, Safety, Engines. Abstract: Modern surgical devices are full of innovations and provide plenty of functionalities. However, they only perform to their full potential if they are properly configured. Only a small subset of surgical device functionalities is used due to the high complexity of today's device systems and the omnipresent situation that only the circulating nurses can (re-)configure non-sterile devices. Hence, there is a huge need for safe and effective assistance supporting the operating room (OR) staff to continuously work with the potentially best device setting to increase patient's safety and clinical outcome. Therefore, we propose a concept for situation-aware parameter recommendations and automatic (re-)configuration. Free access to adequate data is a prerequisite to extract knowledge for assistive systems and to provide situation awareness during execution. Thus, manufacturer-independent medical device interoperability is a basic requirement. Consequently, we use the new IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) standards family, including Device Specializations. As part of the developing committee we introduce the idea and concept behind Device Specializations and highlight their use for assistive systems in the domain of minimal invasive surgery. To ensure safety and effectiveness of the assistive functionalities, our concept enforces deterministic rules providing a predictable and approvable behavior. We demonstrate our concept by the use case of a smart surgical double roller pump using an interpreter-based Rule Execution Engine.
|
2,555
|
Please write an abstract with title: A 60 GHz MMIC pHEMT image reject mixer with integrated ultra wideband IF hybrid and 30 dB of image rejection ratio, and key words: MMICs, PHEMTs, Ultra wideband technology, Mixers, Frequency conversion, Frequency measurement, Loss measurement, Image converters, System-on-a-chip, Analog-digital conversion. Abstract: A 60 GHz image reject mixer (IRM) with an integrated ultra wideband IF hybrid has been designed, fabricated and characterized in a commercial pHEMT MMIC process. A measured conversion loss (L/sub c/) of 10.2 to 11.4 dB over the frequency range 55 to 65 GHz is obtained with a state-of-the-art image rejection ratio (IRR) of 30 dB at the 60 GHz center frequency. For an IF frequency between 2 and 3 GHz, the variation in L/sub c/ is less than 1 dB, and the IRR is better than 24 dB which is the best reported figures for an IRM operating at mm-wave frequencies with integrated IF hybrid. LO power as low as 1 dBm is sufficient to obtain the reported L/sub c/ and IRR. The mixer consumes virtually zero DC power since resistive mixers are used for the actual down conversion. To further minimize the overall power consumed by the system in which the IRM will be used, the combination of the two 90/spl deg/ out of phase IF signals are performed on-chip in an ultra wideband lumped element hybrid. This allows the system to use only one instead of two power-consuming analog to digital converters (ADCs) which thereby significantly reduces the power consumption for the overall system.
|
2,556
|
Please write an abstract with title: Corrupting Data to Remove Deceptive Perturbation: Using Preprocessing Method to Improve System Robustness, and key words: Training, Filtering, Scientific computing, Perturbation methods, Neural networks, Radar, Radar imaging. Abstract: Although deep neural networks have achieved great performance on classification tasks, recent studies showed that well trained networks can be fooled by adding subtle noises. This paper introduces a new approach to improve neural network robustness by applying the recovery process on top of the naturally trained classifier. In this approach, images will be intentionally corrupted by some significant operator and then be recovered before passing through the classifiers. SARGAN - an extension on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) is capable of denoising radar signals. This paper will show that SARGAN can also recover corrupted images by removing the adversarial effects. Our results show that this approach does improve the performance of naturally trained networks.
|
2,557
|
Please write an abstract with title: Overall Optimization of Smart City by Multi-population Global-best Brain Storm Optimization using Cooperative Coevolution, and key words: Carbon dioxide, Optimization, Water heating, Load modeling, Heat pumps, Batteries, Heat treatment. Abstract: This paper proposes a method for the overall optimization of smart city (SC). The proposed method is based on multi-population global-best brain storm optimization using cooperative coevolution (MP-CCGBSO). Using a SC model, energy cost, actual power loads during peak periods, and carbon dioxide emission can be minimized. For the SC problem, many researchers have proposed various evolutionary algorithms including CCGBSO, which applied cooperative coevolution to GBSO. However, there is still room to improve quality of the solution by CCGBSO. Taking Toyama city of Japan as the research object, the calculation results of original CCGBSO method and the proposed MP-CCGBSO method of 2, 4, 8 and 16 populations are compared.
|
2,558
|
Please write an abstract with title: The Hero's Dilemma: Survival Advantages of Intention Perception in Virtual Agent Games, and key words: Limiting, Conferences, Games. Abstract: Conjecturing that an agent's ability to perceive the intentions of others can increase its chances of survival, we introduce a simple game, the Hero's Dilemma, which simulates interactions between two virtual agents to investigate whether an agent's ability to detect the intentional stance of a second agent provides a measurable survival advantage. We test whether agents able to make decisions based on the perceived intention of an adversarial agent have advantages over agents without such perception, but who instead rely on a variety of different game-playing strategies. In the game, an agent must decide whether to remain hidden or attack an often more powerful agent based on the perceived intention of the other agent. We compare the survival rates of agents with and without intention perception, and find that intention perception provides significant survival advantages and is the most successful strategy in the majority of situations tested.
|
2,559
|
Please write an abstract with title: Performance Monitoring of Digital Communication Systems Using Extreme-Value Theory, and key words: Monitoring, Digital communication, Filters, Bandwidth, Signal to noise ratio, Delay, Analytical models, Degradation, Interpolation, Smoothing methods. Abstract: Extreme-value theory has been suggested by various investigators as an efficient tool for use in monitoring the performance of digital communication systems. One drawback to such a procedure is that it requires learning periods to estimate certain parameters of the extremal distributions. Clearly, whenever an update of the estimates is needed, transmission of information must temporarily cease since a new learning period must begin. To avoid this problem, a technique is proposed for obtaining estimates of the parameters when the learning period is eliminated (i.e., estimates are obtained using noisy samples), and these parameter estimates are in turn used to estimate the probability of error of the communication system. The accuracy of this procedure is tested by computer simulation, and it is indicated how one can verify (in a statistical sense) whether or not this technique is appropriate for any given system.
|
2,560
|
Please write an abstract with title: High-Speed Photodetector With Simultaneous Electrical Power Generation, and key words: Gallium arsenide, PIN photodiodes, Bandwidth, High-speed optical techniques, Optical fibers, Optical receivers, Power lasers. Abstract: We demonstrate a novel 850 nm high-speed photodetector for simultaneous high-speed data acquisition and electrical power generation from the optical signal. The device is based on GaAs/AlGaAs modified uni-traveling carrier photodetector (MUTC-PD). Compared with the traditional p-i-n photodetector with the same absorber thickness, the MUTC device sustains a high 3 dB bandwidth of 11.9 GHz and a power conversion efficiency of 38.5% under a forward bias of +0.7 V. This outstanding performance is achieved by first adopting the MUTC structure on LPC devices. The device is expected to have applications for simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer. Our approach extends the high-speed detection to the forward bias region and may provide a potential solution for next-generation combined power and data transceiver modules.
|
2,561
|
Please write an abstract with title: EEG-Based Subject-Independent Emotion Recognition Using Gated Recurrent Unit and Minimum Class Confusion, and key words: Emotion recognition, Feature extraction, Brain modeling, Electroencephalography, Adaptation models, Training, Logic gates. Abstract: Automatic emotion recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG) has attracted rapidly increasing interests. Due to large inter-subject variabilities, subject-independent emotion recognition faces great challenges. Recently, domain adaptation methods have been successfully applied in this field due to their ability to align features from different subjects. However, since EEG signals corresponding to some emotions have similar oscillation patterns, they are often confused and aligned to the wrong categories, which limits the generalization ability of the model across subjects. Besides, almost all methods only support offline applications, which require collecting a large number of samples of new subjects. To achieve online recognition, a simpler model is needed. In this paper, a novel Gated Recurrent Unit-Minimum Class Confusion (GRU-MCC) model is proposed. Specifically, a simple feature extractor based on gated recurrent unit (GRU) is firstly applied to model the spatial dependence of multiple electrodes and obtain high-level discriminative features. Then, during training, minimum class confusion (MCC) loss is introduced to reduce the confusion between the correct and ambiguous classes for the target subject and increase the transfer gains. We conduct both offline and online experiments on two public datasets: SEED and MPED. The results indicate that our method can obtain the superior performance.
|
2,562
|
Please write an abstract with title: Custom processor design using NISC: a case-study on DCT algorithm, and key words: Process design, Algorithm design and analysis, Discrete cosine transforms, Application specific processors, Pipeline processing, Decoding, Data analysis, Data mining, Acceleration, Design optimization. Abstract: Designing application-specific instruction-set processors (ASIPs) usually requires designing a custom datapath, and modifying instruction-set, instruction decoder, and compiler. A new alternative to ASIPs is no-instruction-set-computers (NISCs) that eliminate the instruction abstraction by compiling programs directly to a given datapath. The compiler analyzes the datapath and extracts possible operations and data flows. The NISC approach simplifies and accelerates the task of custom processor design. In this paper, we present a case-study of designing a custom datapath for a 2D DCT algorithm. We applied several optimization techniques such as software transformations, operation chaining, datapath pipelining, controller pipelining, and functional unit customization to improve the quality of the design. Most of the techniques are general and can be applied to other applications. The result of synthesizing our final custom datapath on a Xilinx FPGA shows 7.14 times performance improvement, 1.64 times power reduction, 12.5 times energy savings, and more than 3 times area reduction compared to a softcore MIPS implementation.
|
2,563
|
Please write an abstract with title: Frame-Level Integrated Transmission for Extended Reality over 5G and Beyond, and key words: Wireless communication, 5G mobile communication, Extended reality, Simulation, Admission control, Ultra reliable low latency communication, Reliability. Abstract: Extended reality (XR) is one of the most important media applications enabled by 5G and beyond. Providing XR services over 5G networks is very challenging due to high requirements in terms of data rate, reliability, and latency. Different from eMBB and URLLC services, XR has a unique characteristic that each XR video frame can be segmented into several correlated packets. Any one of the packets loss would result in frame decoding error, and thus bad quality of experience. In this paper, we investigate such characteristic of frame-level integrity and propose a new concept called frame-level integrated transmission. Unlike conventional wireless communication with the goal of transmitting one packet successfully, the proposed frame-level integrated transmission takes “multiple packets belonging to one video frame” as an “entity”. Specifically, we formulate a resource allocation problem by considering the frame-level integrity to maximize the number of satisfied UEs under the data rate, reliability, and latency requirements for each UE. This problem is highly challenging due to the discontinuous and non-convex objective function and intractable reliability constraint. We propose to solve it approximately by jointly considering the user admission control and a frame-level integrated transmission problem to maximize the total number of frames that are successfully transmitted, which is efficiently solved via smooth function approximation and convex-concave procedure. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed frame-level integrated transmission scheme, which can achieve much better performance than the conventional proportional fairness scheduler in terms of various performance metrics.
|
2,564
|
Please write an abstract with title: Intelligent agents meet the semantic Web in smart spaces, and key words: Intelligent agent, Semantic Web, Privacy, Multiagent systems, Ontologies, Information security, Buildings, Pervasive computing, Computer architecture, Context modeling. Abstract: A new smart meeting room system called EasyMeeting explores the use of multi-agent systems, Semantic Web ontologies, reasoning, and declarative policies for security and privacy. Building on an earlier pervasive computing system, EasyMeeting provides relevant services and information to meeting participants based on their situational needs. The system also exploits the context-aware support provided by the Context Broker Architecture (Cobra). Cobra's intelligent broker agent maintains a shared context model for all computing entities in the space and enforces user-defined privacy policies.
|
2,565
|
Please write an abstract with title: An Android/Web based Application to Estimate Nitrogen Concentration in Rice Crop of Western Odisha, and key words: Visualization, Codes, Portable computers, Image color analysis, Estimation, Crops, Nitrogen. Abstract: In Rice crop, (Oryza sativa) the Nitrogen & Chlorophyll contents can be estimated by Leaf Color Chart (LCC) for proper prescription about the Fertilizer. Comparing the visual attributes with the LCC is not same always. The accuracy is affected by human color perception. This paper proposes development of a Web/Android based application called "n4riceleaf". This application captures a 2D color image of rice leaf & determines its average color in HEX color code. Then it makes an estimation of N concentration in accordance to the generated HEX color code of the image & the five shade LCC achieving high accuracy. This application runs on all devices irrespective of device & platform i.e. Smartphone, tablet, Laptop etc. which meets a minimum requirement.
|
2,566
|
Please write an abstract with title: Smart Farming: The IoT based Future Agriculture, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Temperature distribution, Sociology, Humidity, Internet of Things, Statistics. Abstract: Agriculture is backbone of any country. About 60% of our country's population works in agriculture or the primary sector. It contributes more to our country's GDP. It employs the majority of India's population. The internet of things research presents a framework in which farmers may obtain extensive information on the soil, crops growing in specific areas, and agricultural yield and productivity. By utilizing resource optimization and smart planning, this technology-based farming solution will assist farmers in making wise agricultural decisions. The development of IOT based intelligent Smart Farming using smart devices is changing the agriculture production by not only increasing the quality and yield but also to make farming cost effective. The goal of this smart Agriculture or farming is to get live data like temperature, soil moisture and humidity to monitor the surrounding environment. All of this is accomplished with the use of temperature, humidity, and moisture sensors. The system being proposed by this paper is done using microcontroller and various sensors. This system is capable of monitoring the parameters in various soil conditions.
|
2,567
|
Please write an abstract with title: Counting Priority Inversions: Computing Maximum Additional Core Requests of DAG Tasks, and key words: Multicore processing, Computational modeling, Real-time systems, Timing, Time factors, Task analysis. Abstract: Many parallel real-time applications can be modeled as DAG tasks. Guaranteeing timing constraints of such applications executed on multicore systems is challenging, especially for the applications with non-preemptive execution blocks. The existing approach for timing analysis of such tasks with sporadic release relies on computing a bound on the interfering workload on a task, which depends on the number of priority inversions the task may experience. The number of priority inversions, in turn, is a function of the total number of additional cores a task instance may request after each node spawning. In this paper, we show that the previously proposed polynomial-time algorithm to compute the maximum number of additional core requests of a DAG is not correct, providing a counter example. We show that the problem is in fact NP-hard. We then present an ILP formulation as an exact solution to the problem. Our evaluations show that the problem can be solved in a few minutes even for DAGs with hundreds of nodes.
|
2,568
|
Please write an abstract with title: A New Controller Placement Technique using Colored Petri-Nets Modelling for SDNs, and key words: Energy consumption, Network topology, Computational modeling, Process control, Control systems, Topology, Delays. Abstract: In the past few years, a diversity of proposals have been introduced to solve the popular SDN controller placement problem (CPP). The goal was to minimize the latency among different controllers and their associated switches. This in turn enhances the overall reliability of the network, and hence helps in minimizing the cost and energy consumption. This paper proposes a technique for controller placement in SDN architectures. The proposed technique is based on parametric colored petri-net mathematical model. The proposed model is called colored petri-net for placing controllers for SDN networks (CPPCSDN). CPPC<inf>SDN</inf> targets to minimize the nodal delays including packet propagation latency and packet processing delays between controllers and switches. Experiments were conducted on US Internet2 and EU GEANT topologies to evaluate the performance of the CPPC<inf>SDN</inf>. CPPC<inf>SDN</inf> was compared to a reference model called CNPA. CNPA was proven in literature to outperform classical CPP such as K-center and K-means. Results were promising as CPPC<inf>SDN</inf> outperformed CNPA reference model by 12 % to 20% in terms of overall estimated delay for difference scenarios.
|
2,569
|
Please write an abstract with title: Autonomous Raman amplifiers in multi-band software-defined optical transport networks, and key words: Stimulated emission, Computer architecture, Physical layer, Optical pumping, Optical feedback, Software, Optical network units. Abstract: A controller architecture for managing multi-band Raman amplification within software-defined optical transport networks is presented. In the perspective of optical fiber network softwarization and disaggregation, this work provides an operative description of a system capable of autonomously handling Raman amplification on a single fiber span, achieving the working point requested by the control plane in terms of mean gain and tilt. The developed architecture is composed of two software modules: the Raman design unit (RDU) and the Raman controller unit (RCU). First, the RDU defines the nominal optimal working point designing the power level configuration of the Raman card pumps according to the required amplification constraints without considering any channel spectral load. Then, due to the telemetry feedback, the RCU performs a tracking operation of the mean gain towards the target one, linearizing the problem at the nominal optimal working point. The fiber physical parameters needed by the controller for correct operation of the system are extracted through a conceived probing procedure. The proposal shows a high degree of adaptability of the defined Raman amplifier to the particular in-field scenario in which it is deployed, also counteracting spectral load modifications. The behavior of the described system is validated by means of an experimental session, confirming the effectiveness of the controller architecture design and the high accuracy achieved in terms of performance.
|
2,570
|
Please write an abstract with title: Computational Tool for Optimal Expansion of Transmission Networks, and key words: Computational modeling, Software algorithms, Integrated circuit interconnections, Planning, Power systems, Information and communication technology, Integrated circuit modeling. Abstract: This paper presents a software tool with a graphical user interface for transmission system expansion planning. Trough an integer-mixed optimization algorithm this tool selects the best combination of projects in all the given scenarios. In this model the load shed control policy to avoid overloads in the circuits is considered. Finally, a case study of the Argentinean interconnection system is presented to illustrate the use of the transmission planning software in real power system models.
|
2,571
|
Please write an abstract with title: Improved fast gauss transform and efficient kernel density estimation, and key words: Gaussian processes, Kernel, Computer vision, Application software, Density functional theory, Pattern recognition, Computational complexity, Parametric statistics, Bandwidth, Nails. Abstract: Evaluating sums of multivariate Gaussians is a common computational task in computer vision and pattern recognition, including in the general and powerful kernel density estimation technique. The quadratic computational complexity of the summation is a significant barrier to the scalability of this algorithm to practical applications. The fast Gauss transform (FGT) has successfully accelerated the kernel density estimation to linear running time for low-dimensional problems. Unfortunately, the cost of a direct extension of the FGT to higher-dimensional problems grows exponentially with dimension, making it impractical for dimensions above 3. We develop an improved fast Gauss transform to efficiently estimate sums of Gaussians in higher dimensions, where a new multivariate expansion scheme and an adaptive space subdivision technique dramatically improve the performance. The improved FGT has been applied to the mean shift algorithm achieving linear computational complexity. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithm.
|
2,572
|
Please write an abstract with title: Analyzing the Accuracy of KNN-based Cacao Bean Grading System, and key words: Feature extraction, Image color analysis, Shape, Agriculture, Training, Production. Abstract: Cacao is one of the major crops of the tropical world and is known worldwide for its beans used for manufacturing of products which are highly popular and widely consumed around the world such as chocolate and cocoa powder. Grading the cacao beans is a method utilized by the cacao experts and farmers to ensure valuable and good supply of cacao beans in the market. However, manual grading of the cacao beans using the naked eye observation is more laborious, time consuming and less accurate. To automate the said process, a computer-based cacao beans grading system was developed using image processing and KNN algorithm. One hundred ninety (190) samples were consumed as training examples and sixty samples (60) for classification. The system was designed and developed using C# Windows Form Application as its programming language, XAMPP as its server scripting language, and MySQL as its database. The accuracy calculation of the system resulted to 93.33%, which implies that the KNN model was able to effectively grade cacao beans.
|
2,573
|
Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning with Synthetic Data – a New Way to Learn and Classify the Pictorial Augmented Reality Markers in Real-Time, and key words: Training, Visualization, Video sequences, Machine learning, Real-time systems, Task analysis, Augmented reality. Abstract: The idea of Augmented Reality (AR) appeared in the early 60s, which recently received a large amount of public attention. AR allows us to work, learn, play, and connect with the world around us both virtually and physically in real-time. However, picking the AR marker to match the users' needs is one of the most challenging tasks due to different marker encryption/decryption methods and essential requirements. Barcode AR cards are fast and efficient, but they do not contain much visual information; pictorial coloured AR card, on the other hand, is slow and not reliable. This paper proposes a solution to obtain detectable arbitrary pictorial/colour AR cards in real-time by applying the benefit of machine learning and the power of synthetic data generation techniques. This technique solves the issue of labour-intensive tasks of manual annotations when building a massive training dataset of deep-learning. Thus, with a small number of input of the AR-enhanced target figures (as few as one for each coloured card), the synthetic data generated process will produce a deep-learning trainable dataset using computer-graphic rendering techniques (ten of thousands from just one image). Second, the generated dataset is then trained with a chosen object recognition convolutional neural network, acting as the AR marker tracking functionality. Our proposed idea works effectively well without modifying the original contents (of the chosen AR card). The benefits of using synthetic data generated techniques help us to improve the AR marker recognition accuracy and reduce the marker registration time. The trained model is capable of processing video sequences at approximately 25 frames per second without GPU Acceleration, which is suitable for AR experience on the mobile/web platform. We believed that it could be a promising low-cost AR approach in many areas, such as education and gaming.
|
2,574
|
Please write an abstract with title: Application of the SILVACO/ATLAS software package in modeling and optimization of state-of-the-art photovoltaic devices, and key words: Application software, Software packages, Photovoltaic systems, Solar power generation, Photovoltaic cells, Gallium arsenide, Atmospheric modeling, Semiconductor device modeling, Thermal conductivity, Voltage. Abstract: In this paper a new method for developing a realistic model of any type of solar cell is presented. Taking into account the high cost of research and experimentation involved with the development of advanced cells, we present here this novel methodology. In our opinion, the introduction of this modeling technique to the photovoltaic community will prove to be of great importance in aiding the design and developing of advanced solar cells. A model of an InGaP/GaAs multi-junction solar cell is prepared and is fully simulated. The major stages of the process are explained and the simulation results are compared to published experimental data. The flexibility of the proposed methodology is demonstrated and example results are shown throughout the whole process.
|
2,575
|
Please write an abstract with title: Multidomain Supervised Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis using CNN_Bidirectional LSTM model, and key words: Deep learning, Sentiment analysis, Analytical models, Portable computers, Computational modeling, Computer architecture, Data models. Abstract: Sentiment analysis or opinion mining used to capture the community’s attitude who have experienced the specific service/product. Sentiment analysis usually concentrates to classify the opinion of whole document or sentence. However, in most comments, users often express their opinions on different aspects of the mentioned entity rather than express general sentiments on entire document. In this case, using aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is a solution. ABSA emphases on extracting and synthesizing sentiments on particular aspects of entities in opinion text. The previous studies have difficulty working with aspect extraction and sentiment polarity classification in multiple domains of review. We offer an innovative deep learning approach with the integrated construction of bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for multidomain ABSA in this article. Our system finished the following tasks: domain classification, aspect extraction and opinion determination of aspect in the document. Besides applying GloVe word embedding for input sentences from mixed Laptop_Restaurant domain of the SemEval 2016 dataset, we also use the additional layer of POS to pick out the word morphological attributes before feeding to the CNN_BiLSTM architecture to enhance the flexibility and precision of our suggested model. Through experiment, we found that our proposed model has performed the above mentioned tasks of domain classification, aspect and sentiment extraction concurrently on a mixed domain dataset and achieved the positive results compared to previous models that were performed only on separated domain dataset.
|
2,576
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Short Review on Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnect, and key words: Graphene, Very large scale integration, Substrates, Chemicals, Nickel, Graphite, Two dimensional displays. Abstract: On-chip VLSI interconnects is considered very promising area in the field of IC design in recent years. The delay of interconnect system becomes pre-dominant than the on-chip transistor gate delay in ultra large scale integration due to the substantial parasitic effects. Further the increase in Joule heating and significant increase of grain boundary scattering posed a harsh challenge for future technologies. Subsequently the VLSI industry started a searching the alternative of conventional copper interconnect to get rid of these issues. Here the surprise innovation, graphene, came in picture. Graphene is the material with high electron mobility and high mean free path, so the high current density and lowest resistivity. For interconnect application, due to lower resistivity, graphene nano ribbon (GNR), further multi-layer GNR (MLGNR) has been considered to the most suitable for nano-interconnect application. Further intercalation doping improves the conductivity for MLGNR interconnect. This article demonstrates the basic structural properties and depicts the electrical models of single and multi-layer and intercalation doped GNR. A preliminary discussion on production methods for structuring pristine and intercalated GNR interconnect has also been discussed in this article.
|
2,577
|
Please write an abstract with title: Blockchain-Enabled Data-Sharing Scheme for Consumer IoT Applications, and key words: Internet of Things, Blockchains, Cloud computing, Security, Edge computing, Servers, Data privacy. Abstract: A staggering number of consumer Internet-of-Things devices are being deployed in various application scenarios, and massive data will be generated per day. How to achieve a secure and efficient data-sharing scheme for the consumer IoT applications is a huge challenge for us. The traditional cloud-based IoT has the dilemma of prolonged communication delay and privacy leakage. With the application of 5G technology, edge computing can effectively alleviate these problems. However, it cannot meet the higher security requirements for the data sources’ authenticity and information reliability. By combining the blockchain and smart contracts technology, this article proposes a distributed, efficient, and secure data-sharing scheme centered on consumer IoT devices. This architecture consists of four layers: 1) IoT devices layer, 2) edge storage layer, 3) blockchain network layer, and 4) application services layer. We design smart contracts based on the attributed based access control and the searchable encryption algorithm, including device retrieval contract, policy management contract, and authorization verification contract. Through the implementation of simulated experiments, we prove that our proposed architecture can satisfy the large-scale data access requests and bring a tolerable level of communication overhead. The proposed framework is one of the few attempts to leverage the edge computing and blockchain technologies to support IoT data sharing.
|
2,578
|
Please write an abstract with title: Experimental Research on Vibration Characteristics of Under-vehicle Equipment in Operation, and key words: Vibrations, Electrical engineering, Suspensions (mechanical systems), Wheels, Traction motors, Brakes, Axles. Abstract: The under Equipment of the EMU is an important part of the EMU, in order to study its vibration characteristics. This article first analyzes the wear laws of wheels with different operating mileage. The growth rates of the equivalent conicity of the driving and trailing axles are 0.015mm and 0.011mm per 10,000 kilometers, respectively. Then the test points are introduced, mainly including the motor, traction motor, traction auxiliary converter and brake unit. After analyzing the test data, it is found that the vibration state of the equipment under the vehicle is good under the new wheel state, and when the wheel is worn, the carbody has 5~8Hz shaking frequency. When the device is rigidly connected to the carbody, a similar vibration law will appear, and the lateral vibration will increase faster.
|
2,579
|
Please write an abstract with title: The mining of classification rules based on multiple extended concept lattices, and key words: Lattices, Data mining, Electronic mail, Supervised learning, Machine learning, Cybernetics. Abstract: Mining classification rules is an important research area in data mining. Distributed data mining is one of the important research fields. So inducing classification rules from multiple data sources and amalgamating rules become the hotspot. The extended concept lattice is the extending of Galois concept lattice, which is effective for mining classification rules. In this paper, mining classification rules based on multiple extended concept lattices is described, the method of amalgamating rules is discussed and proved by theory and experiment.
|
2,580
|
Please write an abstract with title: Joint Task and Resource Allocation for Mobile Edge Learning, and key words: Resource management, Task analysis, Training, Optimization, Data models, Wireless communication, Wireless sensor networks. Abstract: The exploding increase in the number of connected devices and growing sizes of their generated data gave more opportunities for distributed learning to dominate fast data analytics in mobile edge environments. In this work, we aim to jointly optimize the allocation of learning tasks and wireless resources in such environments with the aim of maximizing the number of local training cycles each device executes within a given time constraint, which was shown to achieve a faster convergence to the desired learning accuracy. This joint problem is formulated as a non-linear constrained integer-linear problem, which is proven to be NP-hard. The problem is then simplified into a simpler form by deducing the optimal solution for some parameters. We then employ numerical solvers to efficiently solve this simplified problem. Simulation results show gains up to 166% and 250% compared to the task allocation only and the resource allocation only techniques, respectively.
|
2,581
|
Please write an abstract with title: AttendAffectNet: Self-Attention based Networks for Predicting Affective Responses from Movies, and key words: Training, Annotations, Neural networks, Streaming media, Predictive models, Motion pictures, Feature extraction. Abstract: In this work, we propose different variants of the self-attention based network for emotion prediction from movies, which we call AttendAffectNet. We take both audio and video into account and incorporate the relation among multiple modalities by applying self-attention mechanism in a novel manner into the extracted features for emotion prediction. We compare it to the typically temporal integration of the self-attention based model, which in our case, allows to capture the relation of temporal representations of the movie while considering the sequential dependencies of emotion responses. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed architectures on the extended COGNIMUSE dataset [1], [2] and the MediaEval 2016 Emotional Impact of Movies Task [3], which consist of movies with emotion annotations. Our results show that applying the self-attention mechanism on the different audio-visual features, rather than in the time domain, is more effective for emotion prediction. Our approach is also proven to outperform many state-of-the-art models for emotion prediction. The code to reproduce our results with the models' implementation is available at: https://github.com/ivyha010/AttendAffectNet.
|
2,582
|
Please write an abstract with title: Stabilization of a Quadrotor with Safety Harness During Collision and Hover, and key words: Safety, Mathematical model, End effectors, Control systems, Dynamics, Attitude control, Backstepping. Abstract: This research proposes a controller that solves the problems of divergence of behaviors during a collision and steady-state deviation during hovering. An attitude controller that sets the target attitude angle to 0 is used to stabilize the behavior during a collision. And a designed controller that treat a quadrotor with a safety harness as a double pendulum solves steady-state errors during hover by calculating inputs that reduce the energy of the system. We tested the proposed controller by using MATLAB and virtual robot experimentation platform (V-REP). The results of the simulation showed that a quadrotor with a safety harness prevents post-collision divergence and allows for hovering directly below the rod.
|
2,583
|
Please write an abstract with title: Study of MR in Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ tunnel junctions, and key words: Iron, Magnetic tunneling, Magnetic materials, Annealing, Magnetic hysteresis, Coercive force, Polarization, Sputtering, Magnetic devices, Artificial intelligence. Abstract: In this paper, we examined the magnetic and structural properties of Fe/sub 3/O/sub 4/ films fabricated by using reactive sputtering as an electrode in a MTJ. We investigated the interface of the MTJ using high resolution transmission electron microscopy.
|
2,584
|
Please write an abstract with title: Kinematic Modeling and Control of Variable Curvature Soft Continuum Robots, and key words: Feedforward systems, Robot kinematics, Pneumatic systems, Kinematics, Actuators, Payloads, Strain, Soft robotics. Abstract: The compliant structure and influence of external forces usually result in complex deformation of soft continuum robots, which makes the accurate modeling and control of the robot challenging. In this article, we present a new variable curvature kinematic modeling approach for soft continuum robots by taking the external forces into consideration, achieving both accurate motion simulation and feedforward control of the robot. To this end, the variable curvature configuration is first parameterized based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. Then, a kinematic model is developed to describe the mappings between the defined configuration space and the actuation space with payloads. With this model, we achieve accurate and fast motion simulation for the soft continuum robot with different payloads and input pressures within 1 ms, which is verified by a set of experiments. Finally, an inverse-model-based feedforward controller is developed for a two-section soft continuum robot. The experimental results of tracking complex trajectories verify the effectiveness of our model and control strategies. The average position error of the end effector is 2.89% of the robot length. This article can also be served as a tool to design and analyze soft continuum robots with a desired workspace.
|
2,585
|
Please write an abstract with title: A high-speed driver for current-programmed active-matrix OLED displays, and key words: Active matrix technology, Organic light emitting diodes, Flat panel displays, Driver circuits, Active matrix organic light emitting diodes, Feedback, Parasitic capacitance, Circuit simulation, CMOS process, Semiconductor device modeling. Abstract: This paper proposes a new driving technique for improving settling time in current-programmed active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) pixel circuits. Here, a current feedback along with a second generation current conveyer is employed as the driver to cancel the effect of parasitic line capacitances. Circuit-level simulation using a high-voltage CMOS process for external driver and a VerligA model for amorphous silicon thin film transistors shows more than 8 times reduction in programming time of a typical current programmed pixel circuit for programming current of 100nA.
|
2,586
|
Please write an abstract with title: Framework of Armored Force Simulation Training Postmortem Review System, and key words: Indexes, Training, Force, Data models, Analytical models, Statistical analysis. Abstract: According to military and application requirements of Armored Force Simulation Training Postmortem Review System(AFSTPRS), a framework system of AFSTPRS is constructed and the key technique is analyzed. The system can enhance the benign interaction of combat methods, application methods and training methods of new-type armored force. In addition, the reformation of armored force combat command and tactics training is put forward. The analysis shows that AFSTPRS has obvious military, economic and social benefits.
|
2,587
|
Please write an abstract with title: Simulation system of arrhythmia and HRV analyzer, and key words: Analytical models, Heart rate variability, Electrocardiography, Medical simulation, Visual BASIC, Sampling methods, Real time systems, Frequency domain analysis, Data analysis, Power system modeling. Abstract: We aim to integrate our interactive simulation systems of arrhythmia and heart rate variability (HRV) analyzer by a Windows message to understand the theoretical mechanisms of arrhythmia and HRV. The arrhythmia simulator (250 kB, Visual Basic 6.0) was composed of 4 normal and 2 ectopic foci. The electrical activity of each cell was modeled by the conduction speed and the phase response curve. The ECG waves were graphically plotted with impulse conduction on a ladder diagram. An RR interval was sequentially messaged to the HRV analyzer (90 kB, Visual Basic 6.0), which automatically calculated power spectrum (PS) of HRV by Lomb's method and FFT. The power of VLF, LF and HF bands, mean, SD and range were listed. The HRV analyzer interactively showed the variation of PS influenced by a baseline trend of RR intervals, ectopic beats, sampling rate, the number of samples and window function
|
2,588
|
Please write an abstract with title: Theory of a VLF Strip Antenna Located in an Anisotropic Plasma, and key words: Antennas, Plasmas, Antenna theory, Impedance, Dipole antennas, Satellite antennas, Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Abstract: For spaceborne transmitting systems, strip antennas provide a new scheme in boosting the radiation efficiency due to their availability in generating larger current moments. In this article, we investigate the theory of a very-low-frequency (VLF: 3–30 kHz) strip antenna immersed in a homogeneous anisotropic plasma. The focus lies on the analytical method for calculating the current distribution and input impedance of the antenna, where the current distribution, in this case, consists of two parts of distribution in both longitudinal and transverse directions. Kernel function for a strip antenna at arbitrary orientations is derived with the help of coordinate transformation, and the current integral equation is solved via the method of moments (MoM). Computations show that the surface currents on a strip antenna will concentrate near the edges of the strip, and the input impedance of the antenna will increase with either the length-to-width ratio or the dip angle. Simulation results using commercial software FEKO exhibit good consistency with the computed results, thus verifying the accuracy of the proposed method. By comparison of the input impedances with linear antennas, it is found that strip antennas are more efficient than linear antennas when the length-to-width ratio is selected properly.
|
2,589
|
Please write an abstract with title: Limitations in the Application of Computer Simulations of Temperature Rise of Completely New Designs of MV Metal Enclosed Switchgear, and key words: Switchgear, Mathematical model, Surface resistance, Convection, Resistance, Conductors, Computational fluid dynamics. Abstract: Temperature rise simulation deals with different physical domains describing heat generation and heat dissipation effects. Cigré working group A3.36 has conducted a study on temperature rise simulation of switchgear for distribution and transmission level. The working group built up new, manufacturer independent devices. Members of the working group simulated the temperature rise in advance to the tests, which were performed at laboratories of universities, as independent parties. In order to assess the simulation accuracy, the simulation results are compared to each other and to the measured results. This paper summarizes the main findings from the medium voltage device. The study has shown that when simulating the temperature rise on a completely new design, with reliable input values of contact resistances and emissivity coefficients, an accuracy of about 25% could be expected. Primary reason seems to be based on the complexity of simulating the heat dissipation mechanisms. To get a more accurate result, verification and validation is needed in order to adjust the parameters determining the heat dissipation. This study has also illustrated that it requires good knowledge (especially of the radiation) in order to adjust these parameters properly.
|
2,590
|
Please write an abstract with title: Entrepreneurs’ Information Retrieval: The Role of Affective Aspects through the Media Richness Theory, and key words: Conferences, Entrepreneurship, Media, Information retrieval, Lenses. Abstract: A narrative review of the literature on the importance of affective factors in the information retrieval (IR) behaviours of entrepreneurs is presented in this paper. Through the lens of Media Richness Theory, we examine the importance of the richness of information and medium to the success of the IR process. The results show that IR system does not only serve entrepreneurs regarding their information needs but also their emotional needs. The richness of the IR system, referring to the accessibility, is an essential factor for entrepreneurs’ preference and use of the IR medium. This paper contributes to literature by showing how affective attributes are associated with other factors, in addition to their effect on the IR behaviours. The findings reveal that the affective characteristics are both an individual need and a determining component in the process.
|
2,591
|
Please write an abstract with title: Moisture diffusivity of CFRE for an AUV hull at 1000m depth, and key words: Temperature measurement, Autonomous underwater vehicles, Absorption, Pressure vessels, Moisture, Sea measurements, Buoyancy. Abstract: The hull of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is one of the main factors that determine its overall compressibility and drag. The hull as well, acting as a pressure vessel, is the most essential part that will allow the vehicle to accomplish deep diving. In order to minimize the total weight and volume of the vehicle, many modern vehicles benefit from composite materials rather than conventional materials. Moisture absorption, known as the hygral effect, has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the material. Not to mention it also has an effect on the buoyancy of the vehicle, since the overall weight changes. This paper characterizes the seawater absorption and diffusivity of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy (CFRE) pressure hull samples in ambient conditions at sea level and at 1000m depth. The tests were performed using seawater taken from Oslo fjord in Norway and using a pressure vessel. Twelve specimens, all manufactured from CFRE using filament winding technique, were tested in both conditions, and the moisture absorption curve is compared. Periodic gravimetric measurements were taken, where the equilibrium state was reached after approximately 65 days at sea level and after 35 days at 1000m depth. The results showed that moisture diffusivity for composites used in underwater applications should be defined by both pressure and temperature since it changes with respect to submersion depth.
|
2,592
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Trusted Blockchain Based Traceability System for Fruits and Vegetable Agricultural Products, and key words: Technological innovation, Communication systems, Production, Drives, Agricultural products, Blockchains, Task analysis. Abstract: Blockchain is an arising computerized innovation permitting universal monetary exchanges among disseminated untrusted parties, without the need of middle people like banks. This article analyses the effect of blockchain innovation in agribusiness and food production network, presents existing continuous tasks and drives, and examines generally suggestions, difficulties and potential, with a basic view over the development of these activities. Our discoveries show that blockchain is a promising innovation towards a straightforward inventory network of food, with numerous continuous drives in different food items and food-related issues, yet numerous hindrances challenges actually exist, which frustrate its more extensive prevalence among ranchers and frameworks. These difficulties include specialized viewpoints, instruction, strategies and administrative structures.
|
2,593
|
Please write an abstract with title: High power hybrid laser SOFIA with a solid state oscillator and gaseous amplifiers, and key words: Gas lasers, Power lasers, Solid lasers, Solid state circuits, Oscillators, High power amplifiers, Pulse amplifiers, Optical amplifiers, Nonlinear optics, Stimulated emission. Abstract: In this paper we build a new smaller iodine laser SOFIA and we also aim to develop the optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) method in laboratory of solid-state oscillator followed by iodine amplifiers and prepare its fast implementation at PALS(Prague Asterix Laser System).
|
2,594
|
Please write an abstract with title: The application of symplectic geometry on nonlinear dynamics analysis of the experimental data, and key words: Geometry, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Delay effects, Electromyography, Surface reconstruction, Chaos, State-space methods, Time series analysis, Data analysis, Mechatronics. Abstract: For nonlinear dynamic analysis of the experiment data, one often uses SVD decomposition to reconstruct embedding dimension of attractor because of its simpleness. However, it is hardly for singular value decomposition (SVD) decomposition to get good results in the attractor reconstruction of the experiment data. For this, symplectic geometry method is proposed to estimate embedding dimension of reconstruction attractor in this paper. We illustrate the feasibility of this method and give the embedding dimension of the action surface EMG signal.
|
2,595
|
Please write an abstract with title: Discussion on the characteristics and applications of metal rectifiers, and key words: Rectifiers, Circuit faults, Aging, Selenium, Coils, Relays, Temperature measurement. Abstract: L. E. Thompson : The question of ageing of rectifiers has arisen in Mr Good-yer's paper and in the discussion. Since the introduction of the selenium rectifier, the use of the copper-oxide rectifier has been restricted largely to modulators and demodulators, and to moving-coil instruments for a.c. measurement. In both these applications a change in the rectifier characteristics will be serious. Modern copper-oxide rectifiers for, these applications, made by improved processes, are artificially aged during production so their characteristics are stable and no subsequent ageing is to be expected.
|
2,596
|
Please write an abstract with title: Survey: Classification of the IoT Technologies for Better Selection to Real Use, and key words: Protocols, Security, Power demand, Internet of Things, Operating systems, Program processors. Abstract: Nowadays, more and more devices are connected to the Internet labeled as the Internet of Things (IoT). They are used everywhere and anytime to improve our everyday life and make processes easier. In our work, we specify the term of IoT for better understanding. These systems are usually powered by batteries, which is critical to power consumption. Each team, researcher or expert should consider it while designing the new application or solution for uses in the area of the Internet of Things. Therefore, we provide a brief survey and introduce the classifications for IoT technologies, specifically IoT devices and processors, communication technologies, and security protocols used in such networks. We focused primarily on power consumption, and according to that, we specified rules or criteria for a better selection of the related technology. In the end, we described the application of the IoT solution into real life in the area of healthcare.
|
2,597
|
Please write an abstract with title: REACT: an Agile Control Plane for Industrial Wireless Sensor-Actuator Networks, and key words: Schedules, Reliability, Job shop scheduling, Protocols, Real-time systems, Wireless communication. Abstract: Industrial automation is embracing wireless sensor-actuator networks (WSANs) as the communication technology for industrial Internet of Things. Due to the strict real-time and reliability constraints imposed by industrial applications, industrial WSAN standards such as WirelessHART employ centralized management to facilitate deterministic communication. However, a centralized management architecture faces significant challenges to adapt to changing wireless conditions. While earlier research on industrial WSANs has primarily focused on improving the performance of the data plane, there has been limited attention on the control plane, which plays a crucial role for sustaining the data plane performance in dynamic environments. This paper presents REACT, a reliable, efficient, and adaptive control plane for industrial WSANs. Specifically optimized for network adaptation, REACT significantly reduces the latency and energy cost of network reconfiguration, thereby improving the agility of WSANs in dynamic environments. REACT comprises (1) a Reconfiguration Planner employing flexible scheduling and routing algorithms and reactive update policies to reduce rescheduling cost, and (2) an Update Engine providing efficient and reliable mechanisms to report link failures and disseminate updated schedules. REACT has been implemented for a WirelessHART protocol stack. Evaluation results based on two testbeds demonstrate that REACT can reduce network reconfiguration latency by 60% at 50% of energy cost when compared to standard approaches.
|
2,598
|
Please write an abstract with title: Energy Block-Based Peer-to-Peer Contract Trading With Secure Multi-Party Computation in Nanogrid, and key words: Contracts, Peer-to-peer computing, Distributed algorithms, Privacy, Real-time systems, Renewable energy sources, Power system stability. Abstract: The emergence of nanogrid has led to active local energy markets. Renewable energy sources and flexible energy storages in nanogrids provide favorable conditions for establishing a sustainable bilateral trading market. However, due to the diversity of energy sources in nanogrids, it is difficult to establish a uniform scheduling scheme. To this end, this paper first establishes an effective peer-to-peer energy block contract market to provide a scheme for users to exchange energy at any time interval. The goal is to maximize contract volume while ensuring the economic profitability of all users. Beyond that, a garbled circuit-based price comparison mechanism is proposed based on a secure multi-party computation to achieve price comparison without revealing any individual user’s data to other users for privacy preserving. Finally, a fully distributed algorithm is designed by constructing a local tracker to track the inequality amount in iteration. The algorithm also subtly parses the input data, which weakens the intertwined relationship in peer-to-peer transactions and improves computation efficiency. Case studies verify the privacy of the described method and the effectiveness of the energy block contract market.
|
2,599
|
Please write an abstract with title: Robust Sliding Window CFAR Detection Based on Quantile Truncated Statistics, and key words: Detectors, Clutter, Maximum likelihood estimation, Shape, Probability density function, Parameter estimation, Radar detection. Abstract: In this article, the concept of quantile is introduced and elaborately related to the truncation depth, based on which quantile truncated statistics (QTS) is put forward. The QTS gives a reasonable explanation of truncation depth and makes the selection of truncation depth well-founded and controllable. In addition, maximum likelihood (ML) estimation based on QTS (QTS-MLE) for the probability density function (pdf) parameters is derived. We start the analysis from Weibull background assuming that the shape parameter is known, and then extend it to the case where the shape parameter is unknown. By analyzing the variance and mean square error (MSE) of the estimated parameters in Weibull background, it is found that QTS-MLE has better estimation performance than the MLE based on TS (TS-MLE). On this basis, the constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector based on QTS-MLE, i.e., QTS-CFAR, is proposed. The analytic expressions of the false alarm rate and detection probability of QTS-CFAR are derived under the Weibull background with known shape parameter. The full CFAR characteristics of TS- and QTS-CFAR detectors in Weibull background with unknown shape parameter are proved by an invariant theory. Monte Carlo simulations show that the QTS-CFAR detector has better antiinterference performance and false alarm control ability in multiple-target environment. Furthermore, the superiority of QTS-CFAR detector is verified by the real data collected by skywave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR). Finally, we present the expression of QTS-MLE for the scale parameter in the Gamma background.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.