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6,900 | Please write an abstract with title: Correlation matrix-based cross-calibration of multiple spectrometer-based optical coherence tomography, and key words: Image quality, Correlation, Optical coherence tomography, Calibration, Photonics. Abstract: We present a numerical method for estimating the pixel-to-pixel correspondence in wavelength between the two spectrometers thorough image data acquired with a balance-detection SD-OCT. Compared to the previously reported optimization-based calibration method, the matrix-based calibration has advantage of significantly faster computational speed and simpler implementation. |
6,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Model-based system development for embedded mobile platforms, and key words: Smart phones, Programming, Computer architecture, Operating systems, Embedded software, Application software, Conferences, Memory management, Sun, Character generation. Abstract: With the introduction and popularity of wireless devices, the diversity of the platforms has also been increased. There are different platforms and tools from different vendors such as Microsoft, Sun, Nokia, SonyEricsson and many more. Because of the relatively low-level programming interface, software development for Symbian platform is a tiresome and error prone task, whereas .NET CF contains higher level structures. This paper introduces the problem of the software development for incompatible mobile platforms, moreover, it provides a model-driven architecture (MDA) and Domain Specific Modeling Language (DSML)-based solution. We also discuss the relevance of the model-based approach that facilitates a more efficient software development, because the reuse and the generative techniques are key characteristics of model-based computing. In the presented approach, the platform-independence lies in the graph rewriting-driven visual model transformation. This paper illustrates the creation of model compilers on a metamodeling basis by a software package called Visual Modeling and Transformation System (VMTS), which is an n-layer multipurpose modeling and metamodel-based transformation system. A case study is also presented how model compilers can be used to generate user interface handler code for different mobile platforms from the same platform-independent input models |
6,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Phase tracking of sub-10 fW heterodyne optical signals for precision laser displacement metrology in space, and key words: Optical interferometry, Optical mixing, Metrology, Interferometers, Electrooptic effects. Abstract: We present results for tracking the phase of a sub-10 fW optical carrier using an optimized phasemeter and cavity-stabilized lasers for future space-based interferometers. |
6,903 | Please write an abstract with title: MR brain imaging segmentation based on spatial Gaussian mixture model and Markov random field, and key words: Image segmentation, Brain modeling, Markov random fields, Image analysis, Pixel, Biomedical imaging, Biomedical engineering, Radio frequency, Coils, Biomedical computing. Abstract: We present a novel method to effectively segment the three dimensional MR brain images (volumes) with severe intensity nonuniformity. The segmentation problem was formulated using maximum a posterior probability and Markov random filed (MAP-MRF) framework. A novel spatial Gaussian mixture model (SGMM) is used to represent the intensity probability distribution of each of the three brain tissues (WM, GM and CSF), and MRF is used to compute the prior probability. This method consists of a learning process based on expectation maximization algorithm (EM) to estimate the parameters of SGMM, and a classification algorithm based on iterated conditional modes (ICM) to perform the segmentation of the sequential brain images using the parameters obtained from the learning process. The results on the simulated and twenty in vivo MR brain volumes demonstrate the efficiency of this method. We also present the comparison results with other published methods. |
6,904 | Please write an abstract with title: CMOS Gaussian Monocycle Pulse Transceiver for Radar-Based Microwave Imaging, and key words: Ultra wideband technology, Transceivers, Microwave imaging, Radar, CMOS technology. Abstract: A single-chip Gaussian monocycle pulse (GMP) transceiver was developed for radar-based microwave imaging by the use of 65-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. A transmitter (TX) generates GMP signals, whose pulse widths and -3 dB bandwidths are 192 ps and 5.9 GHz, respectively. A 102.4 GS/s equivalent time sampling receiver (RX) performs the minimum jitter, input referred noise, signal-to-nose-ratio (SNR), signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) effective number of bits (ENOB) of 0.58 ps, 0.24 mVrms, 28.4 dB, 26.6 dB and 4.1 bits, respectively. The SNR for the bandwidth of 3.6 GHz is 36.3 dB. The power dissipations of transmitter and receiver circuits are 19.79 mW and 48.87 mW, respectively. The GMP transceiver module can differentiate two phantom targets with the size of 1 cm and the spacing of 1 cm by confocal imaging. |
6,905 | Please write an abstract with title: A Desktop-Based Methodology for Collecting Wetland Reference data over Inaccessible Arctic Landscapes, and key words: Training, Earth, Data collection, Market research, Arctic, Optical sensors, Remote sensing. Abstract: Arctic environments are remote and inaccessible, making conventional field-based data collection challenging. Thus, this study describes an efficient desktop-based methodology for deriving reference data to support large-scale remote sensing classification focusing on wetland ecosystems. Our study area was Canada's Southern Arctic Ecozone. Various Earth observation (EO) datasets, including optical, multi-spectral, and topographic, were used as a base to support a photointerpretation process for collecting reference data. Ten 30-by-30-kilometer sampling plots were established across the ecozone for this activity based on a suite of minimum criteria. Reference polygons were assigned to one of the five major wetland classes of the Canadian Wetland Classification System (CWCS), along with a detailed wetland type definition. It is anticipated this methodology will be applied later to other northern ecozones to support large-scale wetland classification updates and status and trends reporting. |
6,906 | Please write an abstract with title: Acoustic surface waveguides - Analysis and assessment, and key words: Surface acoustic waves, Acoustic waveguides, Surface topography, Waveguide components, Anisotropic magnetoresistance, Optical device fabrication, Acoustic applications, Acoustic devices, Nonlinear acoustics, Surface acoustic wave devices. Abstract: The properties of acoustic surface waveguides are reviewed, with particular reference to topographic structures in which guiding is achieved by drastic deformation of the substrate surface. A numerical technique, capable of computing efficiently and with high accuracy the mode spectrum of an anisotropic piezoelectric heterogeneous waveguide of arbitrary cross section, is described. Characteristics of both the ridge guide and the recently discovered wedge waveguide are discussed in some detail. Techniques for the fabrication of and transduction onto acoustic surface waveguides are discussed, and a preliminary assessment is made of potential linear and nonlinear waveguide applications. A number of experimental devices are described. |
6,907 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessment of the AC/DC converters resilience to DC grids fault by electrothermal modelling, and key words: Inductance, AC-DC power converters, Fuses, Europe, Voltage, Discharges (electric), Circuit faults. Abstract: In Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) grids DC short circuits can generate very high currents and huge stress for electronic power converters. Assessing their withstanding capabilities is critical. The present paper proposes to couple a thermal and electrical model of an AC/DC converter. This method allows to solve coordination issues between protection selection and converter sizing, as well as ensuring a reliable protection whatever the distance the fault occurs. |
6,908 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards a common platform simulator for European armored combat vehicles using a modular software architecture, and key words: Training, Software architecture, Operating systems, Buildings, Europe, Games, Reconnaissance. Abstract: In this paper we present a novel approach for building a common software platform for simulating armored combat vehicles. We use Unreal Engine 4 as our simulation software. The presented approach is an attempt towards integrating different combat vehicle modules into a simulated environment. The presented simulator architecture can be used in various training combat scenarios, such as reconnaissance, coordinated firing on targets, different cooperation scenarios, etc. |
6,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Synthesizing Data for Collusion-based Malpractice of Shell Companies in Money Laundering, and key words: Companies, Banking, Data models, Data mining, Technological innovation. Abstract: Money laundering is the process of hiding true source of illegitimate money and converting it into legitimate income. Shell companies are dummy companies masquerading as real companies, used extensively in money laundering. They work in a group referred as shell company set or simply shell set. A shell set is a typical collusion-based modus operandi. There is lack of availability of public domain datasets that can be used to detect shell sets. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of generating data synthetically which encompasses concept of collusion. We introduce this concept in the context of business operations of the companies to obtain group transactions. We enhance an existing Banking Transaction Simulator to generate group banking transactions of companies. The simulator generates dataset suitable to work with problem of shell set detection. We have demonstrated how the generated dataset is unbiased and close to real life data. |
6,910 | Please write an abstract with title: Is PMD compensation really useful?, and key words: Optical fiber polarization, Wavelength routing, Telecommunication traffic, Wavelength division multiplexing, Optical fiber networks, Signal to noise ratio, Optical noise, Performance gain, Wavelength assignment, WDM networks. Abstract: We compare the benefit of optical PMD compensation relative to improving the PMD tolerance by reducing system reach. PMDCs are found to have value in 10 and 40 Gb/s systems only for a limited range of the fiber PMD parameter. |
6,911 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-band Antenna System for Fully Connected Smart E-bicycle, and key words: Antenna measurements, Navigation, Computer network reliability, Computational modeling, Simulation, Bicycles, Loss measurement. Abstract: This contribution deals with a design of multiband antenna system for smart IoT-inspired E-bicycle. Proposed system should assure reliable various connections of the cycling computer to communication and navigation networks as well as to Internet, in the 1-6 GHz band. Firstly, an initial full- wave EM simulation of a realistic scenario that includes all antennas, a bicycle and a rider is performed in order to select the most appropriate antenna location on the bicycle frame. The simulation results are compared to the associated measurements of a path loss and rider shadowing in anechoic chamber. Upon the simulation and measurement results, the optimal antenna location is chosen and a simple two-radiator array that mitigate shadowing effect is designed, together with associated matching networks. Finally, some possible future research directions, based on inclusion of the cycling computer ground plane as a part of radiating system and additional implementation of non-Foster elements, are highlighted. |
6,912 | Please write an abstract with title: Depth Distortion Score Estimation in 3-D Image Retargeting using Disparity Map, and key words: Performance evaluation, Three-dimensional displays, Systems modeling, Distortion, Visual effects, Motion pictures, Testing. Abstract: Depth distortion in an image yields some geometric errors which leads certain image quality degradation. Therefore, it is important to enhance the depth information in the left as well as right stereo images and achieve them in a substantial way. The Disparity Map Acquisition (DMA) algorithm gives rise to the depth distortion with improved disparity matrix. In this paper, we emphasis on depth score enhancement in 3D stereo images retargeting to accomplish the acceptable 3D images with improved depth distortion score. The experimental results show the stereo seam carving which deconsideres the unwanted image patches in order to generate an acceptable 3D stereo images. The obtained 3D stereo images are widely used in the applications of 3D animated movies by abolishing the blurriness in the stereo images and generate the images where the users can relish with the better visual effects. This may lead to the non-usability of 3D sterilize googles and eventually helps and reduces the burden on Indian economy. |
6,913 | Please write an abstract with title: Reconfigurable and High-Efficiency Password Recovery Algorithms Based on HRCA, and key words: Kernel, Password, Graphics processing units, Field programmable gate arrays, Hardware, Scalability, Computer architecture. Abstract: Cryptographic algorithms are widely used in information security fields such as network protocol authentication and commercial encryption software. Password recovery based on the hash algorithm is an important means of electronic forensics, encrypted information restoration, illegal information filtering, and network security maintenance. The traditional password recovery system is based mainly on the CPU and GPU and has a low energy efficiency ratio and cracking efficiency and cannot meet high-performance computing requirements. To further improve the computational efficiency and application flexibility of password recovery algorithms, this paper proposes a reconfigurable computing kernel design method based on a hybrid reconfigurable computing array (HRCA). Through in-depth analysis of the hash algorithm, the basic computing kernel set is extracted, and the combination design is carried out from the unit kernel, interconnection and storage structure to reconstruct the hash algorithm to match the application with the appropriate structure. Second, combined with the pipeline technology, the full pipeline hash and high-speed password attack algorithms are optimized and implemented to meet the needs of high-performance computing. Finally, an advanced computing kernel library is established, and the combination of a computing kernel map from the control and communication levels to achieve multidimensional reconfigurable computing and an overall placement strategy is used to make full use of the chip resources to improve computational efficiency. The experimental results and analysis show that compared with traditional CPU and GPU methods, the password recovery algorithm designed in this paper has the highest cracking speeds at 78.22 times and 2.65 times that of the CPU and GPU, respectively, and the highest energy efficiency ratio is 25.88 times and 3.16 times that of the CPU and GPU, respectively. Furthermore, the recovery efficiency has been significantly improved and meets the requirements of high-performance password recovery computing. |
6,914 | Please write an abstract with title: Novel Model Predictive Control for Performance Analysis of Synchronous Servo Motor Drive, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Current control, Motor drives, Synchronous motors, Prediction algorithms, Control systems, Inverters. Abstract: Synchronous servo motor drives play a crucial role in various industrial applications; hence its control systems have become more significant in the last decades for the developing world. This paper presents a new control method, Novel Model Predictive Control (NMPC), designed for the synchronous servo motor (SSM) drive. This yields fault analysis of machine drives in which the fault clearance time is a few milliseconds, where the machine operation remains continuous despite the fault and displays the performance in a much shorter time than the current control methods. In this paper, NMPC is designed for the synchronous servo motor (SSM) drive considering a single-phase open-circuit fault (SOCF) that occurs in an inverter. Implementation of the proposed algorithm has been performed using Lucas Nulle Servo Drive (LNSD) system. The complete analysis shows that the adoption of NMPC minimizes the fault clearance time compared to the existing control methods. |
6,915 | Please write an abstract with title: Modelling and experimental verification of device with a submerged evaporator for beer cooling, and key words: Cooling, Control systems, Valves, Mathematical models, Electron tubes, Hysteresis, Testing. Abstract: The paper presents a mathematical model of a submerged evaporator laboratory plant for cooling beer. The model is derived as a system with distributed parameters of the counterclockwise type. Additionally, the results of the experimental testing of the submerged evaporator laboratory plant are presented and based on such simplified a static model is identified, which is suitable for control system design. |
6,916 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of stop and play models to the representation of magnetic characteristics of silicon steel sheet, and key words: Silicon, Steel, Magnetic flux, Magnetic hysteresis, Magnetic field measurement, Magnetic flux density, Magnetic materials, Railway engineering, Saturation magnetization, Shape. Abstract: The stop and play models are applied to the representation of the hysteretic characteristics of a silicon steel sheet. Both models are used to provide hysteretic functions from B to H. The play model identified from symmetric B-H loops describes the hysteretic characteristics much more accurately than does the stop model. Combining the two models achieves a more accurate representation than either of the two models alone. |
6,917 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on reliability of multi-channel distributed intelligent distribution architecture, and key words: Satellites, Power supplies, Computer architecture, Switches, Reliability engineering, Software, Hardware. Abstract: Aerospace high reliability complex power supply and distribution products are an important part of satellite system, and their reliability is related to the safety of the whole satellite and ship. The traditional task planning and health management take remote control and telemetry as the main means to complete the on orbit operation status monitoring and management of the system by telemetering the characteristic parameters of the power supply and distribution unit. The traditional on-board test equipment and corresponding parameters of the distribution path defined by the hardware connection increase significantly with the expansion of the system. Conventional distribution path design has low margin in technical indicators such as maintainability, scalability and reliability, as well as software definable. This paper decouples the traditional architecture of existing hardware defined distribution path. A variety of different levels of electrical equipment are integrated in a small volume at the same time. In order to avoid permanent damage to the power supply and distribution bus caused the fault of electrical equipment connected to the power network. The fault was removed and avoided to complete the reliability calculation of the architecture. The architecture design ensure the distribution of power for the key loads completed by the core tasks, which has become the forward direction of aerospace reliability under the new development situation. |
6,918 | Please write an abstract with title: Agility metrics model for Business IT Alignment, and key words: Business, Measurement, Companies, Process control, Time measurement, Information systems, Information technology. Abstract: Enterprises are facing rapid and radical changes in a turbulent environment. This turbulence requires companies to be agile, i.e. to keep an overview of their environment and to be ready to react. Alignment Businesses IT is constantly being affected if levels of abstraction are affected by the change. The changes in companies must necessarily be accompanied by a (re)alignment of Business IT. In order to measure the impact of change on Business-IT alignment, this paper reviews the literature on agility metrics in different domains, by filtering them to focus on the context of Business-IT alignment, and then matching the metrics to the model that defines the impact of change on Business-IT alignment. |
6,919 | Please write an abstract with title: Identifying and Describing Information Seeking Tasks, and key words: Face recognition, Switches, Tag clouds, Software, Planning, Task analysis, Software engineering. Abstract: A software developer works on many tasks per day, frequently switching between these tasks back and forth. This constant churn of tasks makes it difficult for a developer to know the specifics of when they worked on what task, complicating task resumption, planning, retrospection, and reporting activities. In a first step towards an automated aid to this issue, we introduce a new approach to help identify the topic of work during an information seeking task - one of the most common types of tasks that software developers face - that is based on capturing the contents of the developer's active window at regular intervals and creating a vector representation of key information the developer viewed. To evaluate our approach, we created a data set with multiple developers working on the same set of six information seeking tasks that we also make available for other researchers to investigate similar approaches. Our analysis shows that our approach enables: 1) segments of a developer's work to be automatically associated with a task from a known set of tasks with average accuracy of 70.6%, and 2) a word cloud describing a segment of work that a developer can use to recognize a task with average accuracy of 67.9%. |
6,920 | Please write an abstract with title: Ultra-Efficient RF Photonics Filter Based on an AlGaAs-on-Insulator Integrated Kerr Frequency Comb Source, and key words: Microwave filters, Photonics, Radio frequency, Resonator filters, Optical fiber filters, Finite impulse response filters. Abstract: We demonstrate an efficient RF photonics filter based on AlGaAs-on-insulator integrated comb. With a record low on-chip pumping power of ~20 mW, the reconfigurable filter achieves a main-to-secondary sidelobe ratio of > 25 dB. |
6,921 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Microwave Transport via Nontrivial Duality-Based Rhombic Unit Cells, and key words: Analytical models, Meetings, Lattices, Electromagnetic waveguides, Robustness, Topological insulators, Microwave photonics. Abstract: A simplified model of a metallic spin-type photonic topological insulator on a rhombic lattice is presented and analyzed. Instead of the more commonly used hexagonal unit cells, a reduced symmetry rhombus is employed, which is both simpler and allows for easier integration into more traditional microwave systems. The non-trivial nature of the transport is shown via full-wave simulations of interface models, which demonstrate strong unidirectional excitation and robustness to sharp turns. |
6,922 | Please write an abstract with title: UWB Reversible Structure All-textile Antenna for Wireless Body Area Networks Applications, and key words: Topology, Ultra wideband antennas, Microstrip, Microstrip antennas, Wireless communication, Antenna radiation patterns. Abstract: Wearable Ultra Wide Band antennas for short range communications and Body Area Network applications are frequently realized using all-textile technology to foster the integration in clothes. The research effort is oriented to the use of new textile materials and advanced antenna topologies to overcome the challenging issues of textile on-body antennas. In this work we present a reconfigurable wearable UWB antenna made with denim fabric that is able to change its topology from a monopole-like to microstrip-like antenna without affecting the UWB behavior. |
6,923 | Please write an abstract with title: Low-Cost Passive pH Sensor Fabricated on Scotch™ Tape, and key words: Sensors, Electrodes, Graphite, Chemical sensors, Electric potential, Sensitivity, Substrates. Abstract: We report the fabrication and characterization results of a simple and low-cost pH sensor fabricated using a graphite pencil to define a working electrode and silver paste to define a reference electrode on Scotch tape. The sensor operation is based on potentiometric measurement and thereby is insensitive to fabrication variations in the shape of the electrode, unlike amperometric and chemiresistive measurement techniques. The substrate of the disposable sensor is prepared by pasting Scotch tape atop a piece of chart paper, and two types of sensors fabricated with 6B and 2B graphite pencils are tested with three solutions with different pH values. The sensor functions as a passive sensing tag without requiring any external power or stimulus, and the measured sensitivities of the pH sensors fabricated using 2B and 6B pencil carbon electrodes are -4.54 and -4.09 mV/pH, respectively. |
6,924 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of AC and DC Breakdown Behavior on Different Solid Insulating Materials, and key words: Breakdown voltage, Electric breakdown, Sociology, High-voltage techniques, Space charge, Solids, Power systems. Abstract: Population growth and developments in the world increase the demand for electrical energy every year. With the investments made to meet this demand, high voltage facilities are enlarged, voltage levels are increased and power equipment capacities are further challenged. Therefore, insulation coordination is of great importance for the continuity of the power systems. Since breakdown strength is the factor that determines the usage area and service life of insulation materials, it should be taken into consideration for the proper insulation design. One of the factors affecting the breakdown strength is the type of applied voltage. For this reason, the breakdown performance of insulating materials should be investigated under different types of voltages. In this study, the breakdown performances of presspaper, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and styrene-butadiene rubber/natural rubber (SBR/NR) samples were investigated under AC, positive DC(+) and negative DC(-) voltages. Experiments were carried out in Yildiz Technical University High Voltage Laboratory. |
6,925 | Please write an abstract with title: A multi-stage temperature gradient assembly process for muti-channel T/R module, and key words: Preforms, Welding, Wires, Power amplifiers, Sintering, Land surface temperature, Reliability. Abstract: This paper mainly introduces an eight-channel T/R module packaging process with multiple temperature gradients. The T/R module was achieved through the following processes: 1) Eutectic sintering process of the power amplifier chips by using Au80Sn20 solder preform (Melting point 280 ℃ ). 2) Integrated soldering process of the substrate and connectors by using Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 solder preform (Melting point 217 ℃ ). 3) Reflowing process of the surface mount devices and partitions by using Sn63Pb37 solder paste (Melting point 183 ℃). 4) Epoxy bonding process of the bare chips and carriers by using 84-1A conductive adhesive (Curing parameter 170 ℃-30 min). 5) Vacuum soldering process of the power amplifier carriers by using Sn43Pb43Bi14 solder preform (Melting point 154 ℃) and gas phase cleaning process of the module. 6) Wedge and ball bonding process of the substrate and bare chips by using gold and aluminum wire (Bonding temperature: 120 ℃). 7) Laser welding process of the cover plate and shell (Oven parameter: 80 ℃-120 min). The air tightness, epoxy bonding strength and wire bonding strength of the module meet the standard requirements. This module adopted temperature gradients from high to low for assembly to ensure a good ground performance, and used automatic equipments for high-density package to achieve good consistency and high reliability. |
6,926 | Please write an abstract with title: Electrical Testing for Detection and Classification of Open Damper Bar and Shorted Field Winding Failures in Wound Field Synchronous Motors, and key words: Rotors, Windings, Shock absorbers, Synchronous motors, Bars, Synchronization, Circuit faults. Abstract: Broken damper bars and shorted field winding turns degrade the starting and running performance of industrial wound field synchronous motors (WFSMs), and can lead to a forced outage of the motor and driven process. Testing of WFSM rotor windings mainly relies on offline tests, which cannot be performed frequently and are known to lack reliability. Shorted turns in the field winding can be detected online from the airgap flux measurement, but require a sensor to be installed on the stator bore. In this article, new test methods for detecting and classifying damper and field winding faults based on electrical signals are proposed. The proposed methods can provide remote testing at motor standstill and during the motor starting transient without disassembling the motor. Test results on a 30 kW, salient pole WFSM show that both test methods can provide reliable detection and classification of damper and field winding faults. |
6,927 | Please write an abstract with title: Do Different Deep Metric Learning Losses Lead to Similar Learned Features?, and key words: Measurement, Learning systems, Analytical models, Visualization, Computer vision, Three-dimensional displays, Image color analysis. Abstract: Recent studies have shown that many deep metric learning loss functions perform very similarly under the same experimental conditions. One potential reason for this unexpected result is that all losses let the network focus on similar image regions or properties. In this paper, we investigate this by conducting a two-step analysis to extract and compare the learned visual features of the same model architecture trained with different loss functions: First, we compare the learned features on the pixel level by correlating saliency maps of the same input images. Second, we compare the clustering of embeddings for several image properties, e.g. object color or illumination. To provide independent control over these properties, photo-realistic 3D car renders similar to images in the Cars196 dataset are generated. In our analysis, we compare 14 pretrained models from a recent study and find that, even though all models perform similarly, different loss functions can guide the model to learn different features. We especially find differences between classification and ranking based losses. Our analysis also shows that some seemingly irrelevant properties can have significant influence on the resulting embedding. We encourage researchers from the deep metric learning community to use our methods to get insights into the features learned by their proposed methods. |
6,928 | Please write an abstract with title: Generalized Dissipativity State Estimation of Delayed Static Neural Networks Based on a Proportional-Integral Estimator With Exponential Gain Term, and key words: State estimation, Linear matrix inequalities, Symmetric matrices, Estimation error, Neural networks, Circuits and systems, Delays. Abstract: This brief investigates the problem of generalized dissipativity state estimation for static neural networks (SNNs) with time-varying delay. Firstly, a proportional-integral (PI) estimator with exponential gain term is proposed, which unifies the Luenberger estimator and the Arcak estimator based on generalized dissipativity. Secondly, an improved reciprocally convex inequality is proposed, which can be used to tackle the derivative of the Lyapunov functional. As a result, a new generalized dissipativity state estimation criterion can be derived and the gains of the designed estimator can be obtained. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the advantage and the effectiveness of the proposed method over the existing ones. |
6,929 | Please write an abstract with title: Interactive Sankey diagrams, and key words: Cities and towns, Flow graphs, Visualization, Java, Resistance heating, Chromium, User interfaces, Graphical user interfaces, Analytical models, Power supplies. Abstract: We present a system that allows users to interactively explore complex flow scenarios represented as Sankey diagrams. Our system provides an overview of the flow graph and allows users to zoom in and explore details on demand. The support for quantitative flow tracing across the flow graph as well as representations at different levels of detail facilitate the understanding of complex flow situations. The energy flow in a city serves as a sample scenario for our system. Different forms of energy are distributed within the city and they are transformed into heat, electricity, or other forms of energy. These processes are visualized and interactively explored. In addition our system can be used as a planning tool for the exploration of alternative scenarios by interactively manipulating different parameters in the energy flow network. |
6,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Automated Vehicular Safety Systems: Robust Function and Sensor Design, and key words: Safety, Measurement errors, Measurement uncertainty, Uncertainty, Integrated circuit synthesis. Abstract: Automated vehicular safety functions that intervene in dangerous driving situations, e.g., by emergency braking, use sensor measurements for the interpretation of the driving situation. As a consequence, they are typically very vulnerable to sensor imperfections, and unavoidable measurement errors have a negative impact on both the safety and the satisfaction of the customer, which has to be taken into account when designing automated vehicular safety systems, such as an automatic emergency braking (AEB) system, for example. |
6,931 | Please write an abstract with title: End-to-End Semi-supervised Learning for Differentiable Particle Filters, and key words: Atmospheric measurements, Neural networks, Semisupervised learning, Particle measurements, Particle filters, History, Task analysis. Abstract: Recent advances in incorporating neural networks into particle filters provide the desired flexibility to apply particle filters in large-scale real-world applications. The dynamic and measurement models in this framework are learnable through the differentiable implementation of particle filters. Past efforts in optimising such models often require the knowledge of true states which can be expensive to obtain or even unavailable in practice. In this paper, in order to reduce the demand for annotated data, we present an end-to-end learning objective based upon the maximisation of a pseudo-likelihood function which can improve the estimation of states when large portion of true states are unknown. We assess performance of the proposed method in state estimation tasks in robotics with simulated and real-world datasets. |
6,932 | Please write an abstract with title: Transmission Line Mutual Induction, and key words: Conductivity, Wires, Voltage, Earth, Impedance, Conductors, Symmetric matrices. Abstract: The mutual induction between parallel current‐carrying wires complicates the network analysis and the setting of line protective relays, particularly for ground‐fault relays. This chapter describes a discussion and explanation of the phenomena surrounding mutual induction, and how it affects the operation of protective systems. It reviews the method of computing phase impedances for a transmission line. It estimates the magnitude of mutually coupled voltages due only to inductive effects by a direct application of the induction equations. The mutual impedances between sequence networks are another concern in the untransposed case. The mutual impedances create positive voltage drops in response to currents flowing in the positive direction, which is the result of positive mutual impedance terms in the mutual impedance partitions. One of the most difficult problems in transmission line protection is the problem posed by mutual coupling. Type 2 networks are defined as mutually coupled lines that are bused at only one end. |
6,933 | Please write an abstract with title: PaintKG: the painting knowledge graph using bilstm-crf, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Information science, Text recognition, Education, Encyclopedias, Image restoration, Data mining. Abstract: One of the most important elements of culture is painting, which reserves ethnic and national immaterial relics. However, Chinese Web is currently short of a specialized knowledge graph on museums and it still crave accesses to effectually assimilate extensive types of discrete knowledge for applications. To facilitate museum knowledge sharing, we propose a painting knowledge graph, namely PaintKG, utilizing Bi-LSTM with CRF layer which obviously rises the F-l measure to recognize and extract knowledge and relations of different types of paintings and their painters from existing encyclopedia and unstructured Web text data and physically restore them in neo4j as graph data eventually. What's more, we depict and demonstrate typical scenarios of PaintKG and implement them by real-world applications, such as painting recommendation, painter entity association. |
6,934 | Please write an abstract with title: International space station electrical power system performance and operational lessons learned, and key words: International Space Station, Power systems, Resource management, Power system management, Vehicles, Telemetry, Monitoring, Real time systems, Hardware, Software tools. Abstract: The electrical power system of the International Space Station (ISS) represents the largest space-based power system ever designed. After more than a year of real-time operations of the ISS EPS, numerous power system operations and resource management lessons have been learned. This work first provides details of the electrical power system architecture and electrical system hardware used on the ISS, along with comparisons between the specified performance and the actual performance of the system and its components. Nominal operations as well as some of the anomalies seen in the first year of operations are then described, and lessons learned from these experiences are discussed. Attention is also given to the operational flexibility designed into the system. The ability to modify operational setpoints and update onboard software and firmware have provided the operations team with the tools necessary to work around many system anomalies. This work describes these design features, provides examples of how they have been used, and provides operational flexibility recommendations for future vehicle designs. This work further describes the telemetry used to monitor the health and performance of the electrical power system. Examples of data that has been useful in monitoring the system as well as in troubleshooting anomalies are provided. Recommendations are provided for modifications to the telemetry stream that would make operations more effective. Numerous lessons learned relative to power resource management are given. Vehicle design robustness and sizing of the power system have had a direct and ongoing impact on the amount and complexity of the operations resources required for ISS power and energy management. During the build up of the space station, very tight power margins often exist. This factor, coupled with the desire to optimize power availability to the payloads, has resulted in an operator-intensive power resource management challenge. This work describes the complexity of these operations and includes recommendations for reducing this complexity. |
6,935 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Smart Contract Abstraction in Decentralized Blockchain Based Stock Exchange, and key words: Regulators, Automation, Distributed ledger, Smart contracts, Blockchain, Data models, Peer-to-peer computing. Abstract: Stock markets have a centralized structure that has a number of intermediaries and operational trade policies contributing to high transaction times. Blockchain has the capability to optimize market transactions using automation with high security to create a peer-to-peer trading environment. It reduces operational risk by enabling transparency, certitude and interoperability in fragmented market systems to eliminate the need for third party regulators to a large extent. In this paper, a decentralized stock exchange system is implemented with Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) on Ethereum for executing trades by separating concerns into three different smart contracts: buyer, seller and exchange. The self-enforcing smart contracts used are highly flexible and optimized for parallel operation due to functional abstraction. The multi-contract model is compared to a single contract model, which handles all three aspects within the same contract, by executing sample trading data from NASDAQ. Transaction fees for the miner at 161 Gwei is 27.96% lesser for the single-contract system and 98.75% lesser for the multi-contract system than the brokerage fees of traditional traders for the same transactions. Experimental results indicate that the separation of concern results in transaction costs being 98.26% lower and transaction time being 28.70% lower than having a single contract. |
6,936 | Please write an abstract with title: A study of Japanese software process practices and a potential for improvement using SOFL, and key words: Software quality. Abstract: The goal of this paper is to examine the Japanese experience with the software development process, the challenges they face and how formal engineering methods, in particular SOFL (structured object-oriented formal language), can help overcome these problems. We also recommend additional management tools and documents that can aid organizations in achieving a higher CMM rating through the use of SOFL. |
6,937 | Please write an abstract with title: GLIB: A Global and Local Integrated Load Balancing Scheme for Datacenter Network, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Tail, Load management, Software, Computer networks, Transient analysis, Optimization. Abstract: Load balancing is an important issue for improving performance of datacenter networks with regard to the large traffic volume. The global load balancing schemes master a global view of the network, but it is costly to maintain accurate view of global network status and they are unable to deal with the transient traffic bursts. The local load balancing schemes respond quickly to transient traffic bursts, but they are unaware of the global status of traffic distribution. As it's challenging to design a complete solution for the problem, there are few efforts devoted to integrate them to take both advantages. In this paper, we propose GLIB as a first step trying to integrate global and local load balancing mechanisms into a single framework. It consists of a local load balancing algorithm using backup routes to cope with transient traffic bursts and a centralized heuristic optimization algorithm to balance network load from a global viewpoint. Simulations have been conducted to verify the proposed scheme and the results have shown that GLIB has good performance in in several realistic datacenter traffic traces. Besides, GLIB explore the effect of our local load balancing algorithm and global route optimization algorithm respectively, and we can conclude that GLIB is a complete load balancing solution in datacenter networks. |
6,938 | Please write an abstract with title: GGTS: FPGA-Based General Ground Test System for Space-Borne Equipment, and key words: Software maintenance, Satellites, Communication systems, Conferences, Maintenance engineering, Test equipment, Payloads. Abstract: Space-borne equipment has the characteristics of long in-orbit work cycle, high risk, high development cost, and high maintenance cost. Therefore, it needs to pass the satellite payload ground test before launching. As different space-borne equipment has different testing requirements, it is necessary to develop a variety of corresponding ground test equipment, which leads to problems such as high development costs, long cycles, and difficult software maintenance and updates. This paper designs a set of FPGA-based ground test system for space-borne equipment based on the demand characteristics of satellite equipment ground testing. The system integrates the external interfaces of different onboard equipment into a universal interface adapter, and combines the network tester to test the functions and performance of the onboard equipment. The system efficiently solves the problem of repeated development of ground testing equipment and improves the efficiency of ground testing of space-borne equipment. The application results show that the system has significantly improved the test efficiency in the ground test. |
6,939 | Please write an abstract with title: Underwater Image Restoration and Enhancement Based on a Fusion Algorithm With Color Balance, Contrast Optimization, and Histogram Stretching, and key words: Image color analysis, Histograms, Image restoration, Attenuation, Wavelet transforms, Machine learning algorithms, Adaptation models. Abstract: A fusion algorithm is proposed for the restoration and enhancement of underwater images. Color balance, contrast optimization and histogram stretching are carried out. To alleviate the effect of color shift in an underwater image, the scalar values of R, G, B channels are renewed so that the distributions of the three channels in histogram are similar. Instead of refining the transmittance in dark channel prior based restoration, an optimized contrast algorithm is employed by which the optimal transmittance is determined. To further improve the brightness and contrast of underwater images, a histogram stretching algorithm based on the red channel is given. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed fusion algorithm, experimental underwater images are treated. Results show that the quality of underwater images is improved significantly, both in term of subjective visual effect and objective evaluation. The proposed underwater image processing strategy is also compared with some popular techniques. Comparison results indicate the advantage of the proposed strategy over others. |
6,940 | Please write an abstract with title: Nonequilibrium 1/f noise and problems of submicron technology of high reliability microcircuits, and key words: Fluctuations, Equations, Frequency, Magnetic noise, Circuit testing, Physics, Thermodynamics, Reactive power, Parasitic capacitance, Voltage. Abstract: A proposition is put forward that nonequilibrium fluctuations of reactive energy (electric and magnetic) in crystal areas are causing deterioration of the reliability of elements due to the decrease in their sizes. We assume that those fluctuations and the known 1/f noise are same. The lowest frequency of 1/f fluctuations of energy is defined by the microcircuit operating duration. Inevitably the moment will come when the intensity of this fluctuation will exceed a critical (destructive) level in crystal structures. This fact explains the known interrelation of nonequilibrium fluctuations and the reliability of electronic devices. The proof is based on analysis of steady-state electric processes by methods of both statistical physics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. We show that nonequilibrium fluctuations lowers the reliability of microcircuits as the degree of miniaturization grows. |
6,941 | Please write an abstract with title: Global configuration stabilization for the VTOL aircraft with strong input coupling, and key words: Aircraft, State feedback, Backstepping, Control systems, Control design, Automatic control, Trajectory, Vehicle dynamics, Aerodynamics, Linear approximation. Abstract: Trajectory tracking and configuration stabilization for the vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft has been so far considered in the literature only in the presence of a slight (or zero) input coupling (i.e., for a small /spl epsi/). In this paper, our main contribution is to address global configuration stabilization for the VTOL aircraft with a strong input coupling using a smooth static state feedback. In addition, the differentially flat outputs for the VTOL aircraft are automatically obtained as a by-product of applying a decoupling change of coordinates. |
6,942 | Please write an abstract with title: VITAL ELEMENTS MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Wireless communication, Heart rate, Protocols, Hospitals, Wearable computers. Abstract: We predominately know the usage of the health monitoring system, which is widely used in many places, where they are patients coming at regular places or people who visit the hospital regularly like in cities. Here, we have enhanced the existing health monitoring system into a wearable one that alerts the doctors and the patients also if they are in danger and a specific feature that also records the patient health and stores it on the web where doctors will be able to see and monitor the patient health from wherever they are and this project mainly focuses on elderlypeople. |
6,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Improving Neural Network Robustness via Persistency of Excitation, and key words: Training, Adaptation models, Sufficient conditions, Parameter estimation, Neural networks, Robustness, Trajectory. Abstract: Improving adversarial robustness of neural networks remains a major challenge. Fundamentally, training a neural network via gradient descent is a parameter estimation problem. In adaptive control, maintaining persistency of excitation (PoE) is integral to ensuring convergence of parameter estimates in dynamical systems to their true values. We show that parameter estimation with gradient descent can be modeled as a sampling of an adaptive linear time-varying continuous system. Leveraging this model, and with inspiration from Model-Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC), we prove a sufficient condition to constrain gradient descent updates to reference persistently excited trajectories converging to the true parameters. The sufficient condition is achieved when the learning rate is less than the inverse of the Lipschitz constant of the gradient of loss function. We provide an efficient technique for estimating the corresponding Lipschitz constant in practice using extreme value theory. Our results in both standard and adversarial training illustrate that networks trained with the PoE-motivated learning rate schedule have similar clean accuracy but are significantly more robust to adversarial attacks than models trained using current state-of-the-art heuristics. |
6,944 | Please write an abstract with title: Study on Emergency State Classification of Nuclear Power Plant Based on Cold Source State, and key words: Degradation, Electrical engineering, Radioactive materials, Automation, Conferences, Safety, Personnel. Abstract: Serious accidents in nuclear power plants will lead to unacceptable release of radioactive materials to the surrounding environment. At present, according to the monitoring and analysis of unit status, environmental characteristics and accident process, nuclear power plants determine emergency status classification, respond to emergency status by classification, reduce accident impact and ensure personnel safety. Cold source events have caused frequent shutdown of nuclear power plant units, which has been widely concerned. It is necessary to study emergency state classification based on cold source state. This paper provides an emergency state classification method based on cold source state, which can accurately judge the degradation degree of cold source state, and automatically classify emergency state according to the degradation degree of cold source state, thus effectively avoiding the judgment mistakes of emergency personnel under the degradation condition of cold source state. |
6,945 | Please write an abstract with title: A SVM function approximation approach with good performances in interpolation and extrapolation, and key words: Support vector machines, Function approximation, Interpolation, Extrapolation, Process control, Signal processing, Neural networks, Kernel, Linear regression, Systems engineering and theory. Abstract: Function approximation estimation and prediction are used widely in many fields such as control and signal processing. The merit and shortcoming of existing methods of function approximation and regression are analyzed, and a new function approximation and regression approach which is based on the combination of SVMs (support vector machines) is presented. The new approach fully exerts the merit of SVM, and overcomes the shortcoming in extrapolation of function approximation and regression. The experiment demonstrates that the new approach improves the precision of SVM function approximation greatly in both interpolation and extrapolation. |
6,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Tunable elliptic filters using multioutput current controlled conveyors, and key words: Band pass filters, Equations, Circuits, Filtering theory. Abstract: The circuit topologies are proposed for realizing the continuous time current-mode ladder filter of any order. The derived technique is based on the attractive features of the leapfrog simulation implementing using only multioutput second generation current controlled conveyor (MCCCII) and grounded capacitors that lead to simple structure, easy to design and suitable for IC fabrication. An example of the third-order elliptic low-pass filter which retains a minimum requirement of passive and active elements, as well as, possess the advantage of electronically tunable in cut-off frequency has been introduced. Moreover, this method can also be implemented by adding floating capacitors to the relative all-pole filter. Simulation results are provided to compare against the prototype passive RLC filter. |
6,947 | Please write an abstract with title: A Visualization of Inference-Based Supervisory Control in Discrete-Event Systems, and key words: Visualization, Conferences, Supervisory control, Cognition, Discrete-event systems. Abstract: A visualization to aid in the construction of inference-based decentralized supervisors is presented. In the inference-based architecture, supervisors have different levels of ambiguity, which reflects to what degree a supervisor is confident in its control decision and to what degree a supervisor infers a control decision based on the supervisor’s knowledge of another supervisor’s control decision. |
6,948 | Please write an abstract with title: Multimachine electromechanical response: comparison between DigSilent and Matlab-based linearised behaviour, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Power system dynamics, Software algorithms, Tools, Power system stability, Software, Matlab. Abstract: The aim of this paper is showing the potential and the use limits of a matrix-based linearized electromechanical dynamics by means of the extensive comparison with a commercial power system software. Since the schematic grid in the matrix-based linearized electromechanical dynamics is a simple graph with only branches, nodes and connected electric elements, and the commercial software grid maintains the complexity of a real electric network, an interface procedure is implemented in order to maintain the correct topological structure. Results from the real dynamics and the linearized one are compared each other and are discussed. The implemented algorithm seems to be an effective tool for both research and power education. |
6,949 | Please write an abstract with title: Earthquake productivity law, and key words: Probabilistic forecasting, Earthquake interaction, forecasting, and prediction, Seismicity and tectonics, Statistical seismology. Abstract: Mechanisms of stress transfer and probabilistic models have been widely investigated to explain earthquake clustering features. However, these approaches are still far from being able to link individual events and to determine the number of earthquakes caused by a single event. An alternative approach based on proximity functions allows us to generate hierarchical clustering trees and to identify pairs of nearest-neighbours between consecutive levels of hierarchy. Then, the productivity of an earthquake is the number of events of the next level to which it is linked. Using a relative magnitude threshold ΔM to account for scale invariance in the triggering process, we show that the ΔM-productivity attached to each event is a random variable that follows an exponential distribution. The exponential rate of this distribution does not depend on the magnitude of triggering events and systematically decreases with depth. These results could now be used to characterize active fault systems and improve epidemic models of seismicity. |
6,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Recipe Bot: The Application of Conversational AI in Home Cooking Assistant, and key words: Training, Virtual assistants, Machine learning, User interfaces, Chatbots, Encoding, Internet. Abstract: Conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI), which allows people to have human-like interactions with computers, has experienced a boom in recent years. A wide range of fields such as healthcare, finance, and retail have applied conversational AI in their websites to save efforts of completing easy tasks and provide voice interaction with end-users. It enables customers to find quick answers to frequently asked questions and service providers to save time to tackle more complex problems. This paper introduces the Recipe Bot, which is a conversational agent that provides matching recipes based on the information given by users. The intention of Recipe Bot is to help users get rid of unused ingredients in the fridge by providing related recipes. Recipe Bot allows users to input a specific dish name or provide a region, type, and/or ingredients of the food they would like to have, and then it returns a recipe list according to sorting and nutrients requirements given by users. The chatbot is built using Google Dialogflow platform to recognize the user’s intentions and Spoonacular API to find recipes that match the search query. This paper discusses Recipe Bot’s architecture, functionality, and inadequacies to be improved. It gives a detailed example of the interaction between the chatbot and a user, which demonstrates how the user interface will simplify the problem of finding a user-interested recipe. |
6,951 | Please write an abstract with title: Geometric approach for pose detection of moving human heads, and key words: Humans, Face detection, Eyes, Head, Filters, Color, Skin, Data mining, Computer science, Colored noise. Abstract: Presents the detection of 3D pose of moving humans heads. The contribution of this work is the conjunction of an effective preprocessing method and a strong estimation Kalman technique which uses less noise sensitive 3D line observations. The procedure involves the detection of the target face in any type of background using color histograms. To outline the face we use a minimization algorithm for the determination of its tangent directions. Face 3D lines are coded in terms of motors (dual quaternions) which are used by a motor extended Kalman filter for the estimation of the 3D pose of the head through time. |
6,952 | Please write an abstract with title: Predicting Task-Driven Attention via Integrating Bottom-Up Stimulus and Top-Down Guidance, and key words: Task analysis, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Image color analysis, Visualization, Computer architecture, Psychology. Abstract: Task-free attention has gained intensive interest in the computer vision community while relatively few works focus on task-driven attention (TDAttention). Thus this paper handles the problem of TDAttention prediction in daily scenarios where a human is doing a task. Motivated by the cognition mechanism that human attention allocation is jointly controlled by the top-down guidance and bottom-up stimulus, this paper proposes a cognitively-explanatory deep neural network model to predict TDAttention. Given an image sequence, bottom-up features, such as human pose and motion, are firstly extracted. At the same time, the coarse-grained task information and fine-grained task information are embedded as a top-down feature. The bottom-up features are then fused with the top-down feature to guide the model to predict TDAttention. Two public datasets are re-annotated to make them qualified for TDAttention prediction, and our model is widely compared with other models on the two datasets. In addition, some ablation studies are conducted to evaluate the individual modules in our model. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model. |
6,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Sparse Recovery Algorithms Implementations for Short Packet Communications, and key words: Vehicular and wireless technologies, Error analysis, Matching pursuit algorithms, Static VAr compensators, Massive machine type communications, Encoding, Sensors. Abstract: Effective massive machine-type communication (mMTC) with short packet transmissions is essential to realize a fully connected Internet of Things (IoT). On the other hand, sparse vector coding (SVC) techniques have recently been proposed to support short packet communication (SPC) systems. The principle of SVC is to transmit the information as a sparse vector and then use a sparse recovery algorithm for signal decoding. This paper applies two new sparse recovery algorithms to SVC-SPC; namely, Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit (CoSaMP) and Stagewise Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (St-OMP) and compares their performance with two of the previously proposed recovery algorithms for SVC-SPC including the Multipath Matching Pursuit (MMP) and Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithms. Simulation and numerical results of the recovery errors, recovery times, covariance and block error rates are presented for the different recovery algorithms. We show the MMP to be the more effective algorithm in SPC with low recovery error, while CoSaMP and OMP consume less operational time. |
6,954 | Please write an abstract with title: SMA: An Efficient Tool for Large-Scale Multiple Alignment, and key words: Large-scale systems, Sequences, Genomics, Bioinformatics, Human immunodeficiency virus, Testing, Hidden Markov models, Mathematics, Chaos, Muscles. Abstract: To compare large numbers of genomic sequences of related virus, such as HIV, biologists have an increasing need for a method that can efficiently handle hundreds, even thousands, of genomic sequences accurately enough to correctly align these conserved features. In this paper, we introduce a new and efficient tool named SMA that can easily accommodate large-scale virus genomic sequences. A high-throughput test on 706 HIV-1 genomic sequences shows that SMA is much faster than the available programs with at least the same performance. SMA is a good improvement of existing algorithms for high-volume multiple sequence alignment. It offers an option that provides improved speed and accuracy compared with currently available programs. SMA is freely available at http://mathbio.nankai.edu.cn/e_version/align_query.php |
6,955 | Please write an abstract with title: A Planar Log-Periodic Mixtenna for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths, and key words: Schottky diodes, Phased arrays, Feeds, Copper, Radio astronomy, Josephson junctions, Superconducting microwave devices, Microwave antennas, Schottky barriers, Frequency. Abstract: A design for a combined planar mixer/antenna for use at near millimeter and submillimeter wave-lengths is described. The antenna is one of the class of planar log-periodic structures originally developed by DuHamel and Isbell. The active mixing element may be separately mounted or fully integrated with the antenna and can be either a planar Schottky diode or SIS (superconductor insulator superconductor) junction. The results of extensive antenna pattern and impedance measurements made on a microwave scale model are discussed. It is felt that the proposed mixtenna structure is suitable as a moderate bandwidth receiver or as an element of a focal plane or limited scan phased array. |
6,956 | Please write an abstract with title: A model-free predictive controller with Laguerre polynomials, and key words: Predictive models, Polynomials, State-space methods, Prediction algorithms, Mathematical model, Predictive control, System identification, White noise, Gold, Electronic mail. Abstract: This paper presents a combined subspace system identification and model predictive control algorithm with Laguerre orthonormal functions. The term commonly used for such an approach is called model-free predictive control. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate the effect of non-stationary disturbance on the stability and performance of existing model-free predictive controllers and to propose a design approach that naturally incorporates integral action as a result of the non-stationary disturbance in the system. A mathematical model of a food extruder is used in the simulation studies for illustration purposes and for demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed model-free predictive control algorithm. |
6,957 | Please write an abstract with title: Internet-of-Things for Smart Dryers: Enablers, State of the arts, Challenges, and Solutions, and key words: Smart agriculture, Production, Product design, Mathematical models, Data models, Real-time systems, Quality assessment. Abstract: Smart devices have grown to becoming an indispensable part of many individuals' lives. This is due to cloud computing and connectivity, that enabled wireless controls and real-time monitoring that benefits various industries. Soft-computing techniques that has been integrated to many online services such as Amazon allows machine to understand consumer activity and autonomously cater to a personalized experience for each user. In the agricultural industries, smart system is a tool to enhance controls and increase farming precision to improve yield and product quality. Challenges in implementing smart agriculture system are still apparent to this day; (i) Mathematical Modelling of Operation, (ii) Lack of Data and Attention in Smart Farming System, (iii) Complexity of Drying Process. In this paper, state of the art in the smart system in agricultural field, challenges of executing smart farming system are further described and the proposed solution is presented. |
6,958 | Please write an abstract with title: Machine learning techniques versus complexity theory in the cerebral haemodynamics of traumatic brain injury patients, and key words: Support vector machines, Computational modeling, Machine learning, Brain modeling, Physiology, Entropy, Complexity theory. Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare two paradigms of haemodynamic signals analysis which have been used to characterize between two physiological states. Cerebral blood flow velocity and arterial blood pressure signals of 30 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 30 healthy subjects were obtained non-invasively. Although different machine learning models have been tested with successful results in many cases of clinical interest, there is emerging evidence that complexity and entropy analysis of biomedical signals can detect underlying changes in physiology which relates to diseases. In many studies, both paradigms have been proved in high accuracy in discriminating between health and disease. In this current work a SVM model and two Complexity-Entropy planes were developed, achieving great power in discriminating health from TBI patients, with an AUC of 0.89 for the machine learning approach, and a highest 0.94 AUC by one of the Complexity-Entropy planes. There are almost no cases that compare these two paradigms, which makes it of great interest to put them side by side and discuss their contributions and particularities. |
6,959 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi Three-Phase Hairpin Windings for High-Speed Electrical Machine: Possible Implementations, and key words: Analytical models, Torque, Windings, Stator windings, Conductors, Solids, Permanent magnets. Abstract: This work provides an in-depth critical analysis related to the feasibility of combining multi three-phase winding layouts with the ever-spreading hairpin technology. After an introduction on the advantages and challenges of both hairpin and multi-phase windings, more details on how these two technologies can be combined are provided. Then two similar stator geometries, with 72 and 96 slots, are analyzed in detail exploiting an 8 poles permanent magnet - assisted synchronous reluctance motor for traction applications. A relevant set of feasible winding configurations are modelled and analyzed through finite element simulations. For every machine, a breakdown of the power losses is provided and compared against that of the same machine topologies having random-wound windings with stranded round conductors. The main results and possible solutions to increase the machine performance are then provided. |
6,960 | Please write an abstract with title: The Modified Mathematical Model of the Pathogenesis of Urolithiasis: Add Calculi Dissolution Effect, and key words: Mathematical model, Calculus, Adhesives, Calcium, Crystal growth, Drugs. Abstract: The first mathematical model of the process leading to the onset of urolithiasis so as to clarify how a variety of factors affecting urolithiasis influence the pathogenesis quantitatively was derived. Then conditions for not causing the onset of urolithiasis based on the mathematical model were quantitatively discussed. The background from which this mathematical model was derived was as follows. So far various studies for the cause of the onset of urolithiasis has been made and the factors influencing the pathogenesis has been almost clear. On the other hand, though the understanding of individual factor influencing the pathogenesis has progressed biologically and clinically, theoretical study of the integrated dynamics leading to the calculus of urolithiasis through the crystal growth and aggregation from the crystal nucleation using a mathematical model has not been made yet. In the mathematical model, the process leading to the onset of urolithiasis is divided into the following three processes. (1) formation of crystal nuclei. (2) formation of calculi by growth of crystal nuclei. (3) bonding of calculi to urinary tract cells and growth of calculi. In the first mathematical model, the process of dissolving calculi was not taken into account in the process (3) above. However, in clinical, treatment for dissolving calculi using a stone-dissolving drug is also performed. Therefore, in the mathematical model of the pathogenesis of urolithiasis the calculi dissolution effect must be also taken into account. In this study, the modified mathematical model of the pathogenesis of urolithiasis taking the calculi dissolution effect into account is derived and the nature is examined. Through the analysis of the modified mathematical model and the results of numerical simulation, the conditions for suppressing the calculus growth was modified analytically and numerically. And the dependence of the growth of the calculus on the reaction rate constant concerning dissolution of the calculus, the volume of the urinary tract or the flow rate of urine was also clarified analytically and numerically. In particular, it was shown that if the calculi adhered to the urinary tract, increasing the flow rate or reducing the urinary tract volume would not contribute to the suppression of the calculi growth very much. |
6,961 | Please write an abstract with title: Proceedings at one hundred and seventieth ordinary general meeting, and key words: Power cables, Wires, Wireless communication, Voting, Switches, Storms, Remote control. Abstract: (President) in the chair. |
6,962 | Please write an abstract with title: UIS-Hunter: Detecting UI Design Smells in Android Apps, and key words: Design methodology, Prototypes, Tools, Visual effects, Space exploration, Graphical user interfaces, Software engineering. Abstract: Similar to code smells in source code, UI design has visual design smells that indicate violations of good UI design guidelines. UI design guidelines constitute design systems for a vast variety of products, platforms, and services. Following a design system, developers can avoid common design issues and pitfalls. However, a design system is often complex, involving various design dimensions and numerous UI components. Lack of concerns on GUI visual effect results in little support for detecting UI design smells that violate the design guidelines in a complex design system. In this paper, we propose an automated UI design smell detector named UIS-Hunter (UI design Smell Hunter). The tool is able to (i) automatically process UI screenshots or prototype files to detect UI design smells and generate reports, (ii) highlight the violated UI regions and list the material design guidelines that the found design smells violate, and (iii) present conformance and violation UI design examples to assist understanding. This tool consists of a Material Design guidelines gallery website and a tool website. The gallery website is a back-end knowledge base that attaches conformance and violation examples to abstract design guidelines and allows developers and designers to explore the multi-dimensional space of a complex design system in a more structured way. As a front-end application, the tool website takes a UI design as input, returns a detailed UI design smell report, and marks the violation regions (if any). Moreover, the tool website presents conformance and violation examples based on the gallery website. Demo URL: https://uishunter.net.cn/https://uishuntergallery.net.cn/Demo Video: https://youtu.be/7UZ0jtD_1gM |
6,963 | Please write an abstract with title: IP bandwidth allocation management using agents and neural network approach, and key words: Channel allocation, Neural networks, Telecommunication traffic, Traffic control, Video on demand, Web and internet services, Local area networks, Fractals, Bandwidth, Cost function. Abstract: Video and LAN traffic can be modeled as self-similar processes, whereas Internet traffic can be modeled by multifractal processes. The Hurst parameter is a measure of the self-similarity of a process. The objective of this work is to use this characteristic of Internet traffic in order to allow future video on demand service providers (VDSPs) to optimize their bandwidth utilization and consequently their communications cost. The work addresses one aspect of a global project that specifies intelligent agent architecture to manage the relationship between VDSP, Internet service providers (ISPs) and end-customers. In this paper, we address the egress traffic aspect of the VDSP and propose a neuronal network approach to allow a VDSP agent to estimate the nature of the future value added service provider (VADP) egress traffic using the Hurst parameter. This approach is evaluated against statistical estimators. |
6,964 | Please write an abstract with title: Trajectory generation and tracking for phugoid maneuvers using a mini-airplane, and key words: Trajectory, Airplanes, Kinetic energy, Mechanical energy, Mathematical model, Emulation. Abstract: In this work, the problem for trajectory generation and tracking for phugoid maneuvers using a fixed-wing aerial vehicle is studied. The goal of using this kind of trajectories is to reduce the kinetic energy produced by the aerial vehicle during forward flight. In our study, the phugoid trajectory contains a recovery phase for safely continue to fly the aerial vehicle. In order to track the phugoid trajectory, separate controllers generated by using Lyapunov Analysis are proposed. Several simulations are carried out to validate experimentally the proposed theory, using several tools such as Gazebo, QGroundControl, PX4, and ROS (Robot Operating System). |
6,965 | Please write an abstract with title: Simplified analysis of feedback amplifiers, and key words: Feedback amplifiers, Electronics engineering education. Abstract: A very simple and general method for the analysis of feedback amplifiers with large-loop gain is presented in this paper. The general properties of feedback amplifiers, such as gain and input and output resistances, are obtained using an open-loop circuit where the loading effect of the feedback network is easily taken into account. Emphasis is placed on quick, intuitive, and reliable calculations, useful for both the analysis and design of feedback amplifiers. |
6,966 | Please write an abstract with title: DeepCrypt - Deep Learning for QoE Monitoring and Fingerprinting of User Actions in Adaptive Video Streaming, and key words: Video on demand, Adaptive systems, Web and internet services, Telecommunication traffic, Fingerprint recognition, Libraries, Mobile applications. Abstract: We introduce DeepCrypt, a deep-learning based approach to analyze YouTube adaptive video streaming Quality of Experience (QoE) from the Internet Service Provider (ISP) perspective, relying exclusively on the analysis of encrypted network traffic. Using raw features derived on-line from the encrypted stream of bytes, DeepCrypt infers six different video QoE indicators capturing the user-perceived performance of the service, including the initial playback delay, the number and frequency of rebuffering events, the video playback quality and encoding bitrate, and the number of quality changes. DeepCrypt offers deep visibility into the behavior of the end-user, enabling the fingerprinting and detection of different user actions on the video player, such as video pauses and playback scrubbing (forward, backward, out-of-buffer), offering a complete visibility on the video streaming process from in-network traffic measurements. Evaluations over a large and heterogeneous dataset composed of mobile and fixed-line measurements, using the YouTube HTML5 player, the native YouTube mobile app, as well as a generic HTML5 video player built on top of open source libraries, and considering measurements collected at different ISPs, confirm the out-performance of DeepCrypt over previously used shallow-learning models, and its generalization to different video players and network setups. |
6,967 | Please write an abstract with title: Guest Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue on Hardware Security, and key words: Special issues and sections, Hardware, Security, Computer architecture, System integration. Abstract: The twelve papers in this special section focus on hardware security. This topic is becoming a significant challenge in modern computing systems. Recently discovered hardware vulnerabilities, such as Spectre and Meltdown, are striking evidence that today’s computing systems are untenable without deliberate consideration of the security aspects at the design time. The papers address various topics related to hardware security: secure-by-design architectures, secure speculative execution, secure system integration of untrusted chiplets, malware detection, program analysis using power side channels, architecture support for forensics, and efficient implementations of security modules. |
6,968 | Please write an abstract with title: Fano resonance on substrate integrated waveguide loaded plasmonic metamaterial, and key words: Microwave technology, Sensitivity, Millimeter wave technology, Resonant frequency, Numerical simulation, Surface plasmons, Substrates. Abstract: In this paper, a Fano resonance structure based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. The structure consists of a slotted substrate integrated waveguide coupled to an artificial localized surface plasmons resonator. The Fano resonance was excited by coupling the electromagnetic energy in the SIW to the top-loaded artificial localized surface plasmons resonator. The Fano resonance can be effectively tuned by modifying the geometrical parameters of subwavelength structures. Numerical simulation shows that our work has greatly strengthened Fano resonance intensity. |
6,969 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on the Influencing Factors of the Dual System of Agricultural Product E-commerce and Cold Chain Logistics under Low-carbon Economy, and key words: Agricultural products e-commerce, Cold chain logistics, Coordinated development, Principal component analysis, Correlation analysis. Abstract: Focusing on the development of agricultural products e-commerce and cold chain logistics under the low-carbon economy, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of cold chain logistics and agricultural products e-commerce, uses principal component analysis method to extract the principal components of agricultural products e-commerce and cold chain logistics, and carries out correlation analysis on the dual system. It is found that the dual system has a strong correlation with the infrastructure construction and development potential, and the carbon emission has a strong correlation with the infrastructure construction of the dual system. According to the analysis results, puts forward to promote agricultural electricity under low carbon economy and the coordinated development of cold chain logistics ideas and Suggestions, to obtain rapid development of cold chain logistics and produce electricity matching degrees, to speed up the pace of reduction, decreasing the consumption and low-carbon transformation, promote agricultural electricity and cold chain logistics structure adjustment, realize the healthy and sustainable development. |
6,970 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic detection of oceanographic structures at SHOM: a review, and key words: Ocean temperature, Acoustic signal detection, Acoustic propagation, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Acoustic sensors, Military aircraft, Simple object access protocol, Sea surface, Altimetry, Numerical models. Abstract: Mesoscale phenomena such as eddies, thermal fronts, or jet currents modify acoustic propagation. Their knowledge is a major issue for (the use of) naval sensors. At SHOM (the French Hydrographic and Oceanographic Office), the Center of Military Oceanography (CMO) aims at providing the naval forces with information about marine environment. In particular, the mesoscale activity is operationally described via two services at CMO, an oceanic prevision model (called SOAP) and a daily reporting of thermal fronts from sea surface temperature (SST) images. Besides during special naval operations over a theater, the oceanographic mesoscale situation is also assessed within an oceanographic bulletin elaborated from model outputs and spatial observations (SST, ocean color and altimetry). In this context, the use of automatic or semi-automatic algorithms for the detection and characterization of mesoscale structures is very helpful for decreasing computation times and obtaining more reliable and objective results (regardless of the operator). Also such techniques could support statistical studies about oceanic phenomena occurring in an area, thus contributing to a better knowledge of oceanic processes. Automatic detection tools can be applied on observation or modelisation data: things are much easier on the latter since numerical models outputs have good properties which observation data have not: continuity and derivability, describing equations, reliable physical, numerical and statistical knowledge of the phenomena (described by the model). This presentation aims at reviewing processing algorithms for the automatic or semi-automatic detection of mesoscale features currently used or simply studied at the CMO over the last decade. Oceanic structures will be divided into 2 categories: the linear structures (such as thermal fronts) or opened contours, and the 2D structures (such as eddies) or closed contours. The algorithms presented were developed either in studies led by SHOM in the late 90's (in the frame of programs for the development of oceanographic systems), or recently within a European project which ended late 2004 (SOFOCCLE). A new European project (SCOOBIDOO) will study further on image processing techniques for automatic detection of mesoscale phenomena on satellite data. The first chapter will present the algorithms implemented current operational applications at SHOM. Then the algorithms studied for detection of linear and 2D structures will be tackled. Finally the results will be discussed and some prospects will be given. |
6,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Fault diagnosis of hydropower generator based on LSTM- weight, and key words: Sensitivity, Time series analysis, Hydroelectric power generation, Predictive models, Robot sensing systems, Reliability engineering, Data models. Abstract: Traditional detection models are not sensitive to small abnormal changes. In order to improve the sensitivity of the model, in this study, the weight factor is introduced into the traditional LSTM detection model. By using the correction mechanism, the LSTM-weight model makes the prediction model not deviate from the normal track following the appearance of outliers, which ensures the model prediction has good stability. And after a small change in the data, the LSTM-weight model can detect this small change. Validated on a Brazilian hydropower dataset, the results show that the LSTM-weight model can detect small changes that the traditional detection model cannot detect, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
6,972 | Please write an abstract with title: Stability and excitation of gap solitons in binary waveguide arrays, and key words: Waveguide discontinuities, Optical waveguides, Nonlinear optics, Stability analysis, Optical beams, Fiber nonlinear optics, Optical solitons, Optical reflection, Equations, Optical arrays. Abstract: Summary form only given. We analyze gap solitons in the engineered binary waveguide arrays including their existence and stability. We demonstrate that the spatial gap solitons can be efficiently generated by two interfering Gaussian input beams. |
6,973 | Please write an abstract with title: RFNet: A Refinement Network for Semantic Segmentation, and key words: Training, Image color analysis, Semantic segmentation, Image edge detection, Memory management, Graphics processing units, Predictive models. Abstract: As one of the basic tasks of computer vision, semantic segmentation is widely used in many fields, e.g., medical images parsing, scene parsing, autonomous driving, etc. In the current mainstream approaches, downsampling or patching operation is required to ensure that the GPU memory is not overloaded for dealing with the high-resolution input images. However, the corresponding cost is the lack of details in the final segmentation map. In this work, we proposed RFNet, a refinement network which resolves the lack of detailed information in coarse predictions by fusing the coarse predictions and the fine predictions gained by fine input image patches. There are three key characteristics: (i) designing a spatial information extraction module which can efficiently process information in coarse and fine feature maps at spatial level. (ii) proposing an auxiliary-fusion information branch calculated from the prediction maps, which contribute to refine predictions. (iii) designing a boundary auxiliary loss function in the training process, which makes the model pay more attention to those pixels belonging to the boundary of objects. We show the superiority of the proposed RFNet on the Cityscapes dataset, the experimental results illustrate that ours RFNet performance outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches with low computation consumption. The codes will be available at: https://github.com/zhu-gl-ux/RFNet. |
6,974 | Please write an abstract with title: Improving Document Relevant accuracy by distinguish Doc2query Matching Mechanisms on Biomedical Literature, and key words: Conferences, Cloud computing, Data science, Bioinformatics, Task analysis, Medical services, Proteins. Abstract: Research in Biomedicine is increasing rapidly day by day and the need for maintaining the biomedical literature is also a tedious task. Data Curators, Doctors, Scientific Researchers have a requirement of analyzing biomedical articles for Scientific discoveries and scholarly knowledge from this vast collection of data to take a proper prediction. Biomedical data includes a collection of genes and protein related information and the mutations of the above which leads to diseases. This kind of hidden knowledge and relationships between above mentioned entities can be mined with proper preprocessing methods. This paper illustrates the comparison of various preprocessing methods used on biomedical data and the best combination of methods can be used for the retrieval of hidden intrinsic knowledge and patterns from Biomedical Literature Data Sources. |
6,975 | Please write an abstract with title: Thread Quality Classification of a Tapping Machine Based on Machine Learning, and key words: Torque, Fasteners, Servomotors, Machine learning, Feature extraction, Instruction sets, Principal component analysis. Abstract: This study discusses the quality analysis of a new tapping machine. By measuring the torque and speed of the tapping machine, the correlation between the quality of the nut and the tapping process is analyzed. Using various regression trees and learning methods, the results show that the magnitude of the tapping torque is an essential indicator of the quality of the thread. In addition, through such methods, the appropriate operation boundary of the tapper torque and tapper speed can be determined. Thread, processed in the two boundaries, can have a high probability of being a Class 1 thread. Furthermore, the tapping torque is also used for quality classification by a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1-D CNN). The 1-D CNN model performs high classification accuracy and has the ability to localize the important area of the signal. The experimental results show that the regression tree can effectively find the operation boundary, providing information for users to adjust their machine settings, and improve the thread quality. In addition, the off-line classification of thread done by humans can be replaced by the high-accuracy 1-D CNN model predicting the thread quality in real-time. The detection speed can be accelerated, and labor costs can be reduced. |
6,976 | Please write an abstract with title: A semi-automated digital preservation system based on semantic Web services, and key words: Semantic Web, Software libraries, Web services, Australia, Software agents, Ontologies, Humans, Emulation, Computer architecture, Object detection. Abstract: We describe a Web-services-based system, which we have developed to enable organizations to semiautomatically preserve their digital collections by dynamically discovering and invoking the most appropriate preservation service, as it is required. By periodically comparing preservation metadata for digital objects in a collection with a software version registry, potential object obsolescence can be detected and a notification message sent to the relevant agent. By making preservation software modules available as Web services and describing them semantically using a machine-processable ontology (OWL-S), the most appropriate preservation service(s) for each object can then be automatically discovered, composed and invoked by software agents (with optional human input at critical decision-making steps). We believe that this approach represents a significant advance towards providing a viable, cost-effective solution to the long term preservation of large-scale collections of digital objects. |
6,977 | Please write an abstract with title: A Unified Framework for Discrete Multi-kernel k-means with Kernel Diversity Regularization, and key words: Correlation, Diversity reception, Redundancy, Boosting, Pattern recognition, Kernel, Task analysis. Abstract: Multiple kernel clustering seeks to combine several kernels for boosting the clustering performance. However, most existing MKKM methods fail to evaluate kernel correlation adequately, which may inevitably select highly correlated kernels resulting in kernel redundancy. Besides, most existing methods solve the NP-hard cluster labels assignment task in two stages: first learning the relaxed labels with continuous values and then obtaining the discrete labels via other discretization methods like k-means. This two-stage strategy may result in the loss of information owing to the deviation between the genuine solution and the approximated one. In this work, we present a unified framework for Discrete Multi-kernel k-means with Kernel Diversity Regularization (DMK-KDR). It is capable of penalizing highly correlated kernels through a well-designed matrix-induced regularization, thus allowing for improved diversity and reduced redundancy in kernel fusion. Additionally, it learns both discrete and continuous clustering indicator matrices simultaneously, thereby ensuring the integrity of the discrete solution without over-reliance on k-means or the loss of information. The efficacy of our model has been evaluated in a number of experiments using real-world datasets. |
6,978 | Please write an abstract with title: Real time counting system of glass bottle based on Multi Objects tracking, and key words: Target tracking, Automation, Glass products, Mouth, Object detection, Feature extraction, Real-time systems. Abstract: Glass bottle counting is a common work in the field of intelligent manufacturing, but there are also some problems, such as the reflection of glass bottles, high similarity, which makes it difficult to track and so on. Accurate and stable target detection and target tracking is the key technology of glass bottle counting. In order to improve the problems of wrong tracking, missing tracking and low efficiency in the existing glass bottle real-time counting system. In this paper, a real-time tracking and counting system of glass bottle is presented, and we propose the feature pyramid network (FPN) and pyramid attention network (PAN) network, and uses the cross stage local network (CSP) structure for multi-scale feature map to realize the accurate detection of glass bottle mouth. At the same time, the cascade matching module and the union intersection distance (DIOU) module are fused to further effectively distinguish the matched tracking target from the unmatched tracking target and the detection results, so as to improve the speed and accuracy of glass bottle mouth tracking. |
6,979 | Please write an abstract with title: Collimator design for single photon emitter, and key words: Optical collimators, Gamma rays, Tungsten, Gamma ray detection, Gamma ray detectors, Data acquisition, Biomedical informatics, Biomedical imaging. Abstract: The aim of this study is to develop a new light collimator with the same efficiency in terms of photon penetration as that of the conventional collimator. Generally the conventional collimator is an over specification in terms of the path length in the material forming the collimator. If the path length of a gamma ray in the septum is short, many photons may pass through the septum and the septum does not work as a shielding material. On the other hand, if we consider a path which is located near the center of the septum, it is sufficient to shield from undesirable gamma rays. So we gave up using the plane-septum structure that is used in the conventional collimator. In the new collimator we made several spaces where the septa are located in the conventional collimator. One realistic form of the collimator is composed of many rods whose cross-section is square or circular. The collimator is composed of rod-shaped lead or tungsten in x- and y-directions alternately with spacing in z-direction (direction of thickness). Even though we align many rods alternately without spacing in z-direction, we can achieve a collimator with less than half the weight of a conventional collimator. Performance of the proposed collimator was confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation. |
6,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Semi-supervised Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Document Classification, and key words: Training, Maximum a posteriori estimation, Computers, Maximum likelihood estimation, Uncertainty, Computational modeling, Supervised learning. Abstract: We propose new semi-supervised nonnegative matrix factorization (SSNMF) models for document classification and provide motivation for these models as maximum likelihood estimators. The proposed SSNMF models simultaneously provide both a topic model and a model for classification, thereby offering highly interpretable classification results. We derive training methods using multiplicative updates for each new model, and demonstrate the application of these models to single-label and multi-label document classification, although the models are flexible to other supervised learning tasks such as regression. We illustrate the promise of these models and training methods on document classification datasets (e.g., 20 Newsgroups, Reuters). |
6,981 | Please write an abstract with title: Unsupervised Temporal Segmentation Using Models That Discriminate Between Demonstrations and Unintentional Actions, and key words: Cloning, Reproducibility of results, Compounds, Task analysis, Intelligent robots. Abstract: Segmentation of a compound task with multiple subtasks is crucial for imitation learning. Conventional unsupervised segmentation methods focused on only reproducibility of demonstrations and did not use the property that goal-directed actions rarely occur without intention. In this paper, we propose a novel method to segment demonstrations into goal-directed actions by self-supervised learning. We use the discriminator between demonstrations and self-generated unintentional actions performed by the same body in behavioral cloning paradigm because goal-directed actions rarely occur without intention, and thus can be separated from unintentional actions. And we consider the states that cannot be reached by unintentional actions as subtask changepoints. We evaluated our method on manipulation tasks with multiple subtasks. The results indicate that our method can detect subtask changepoints more accurately than an existing unsupervised segmentation method. |
6,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Failure Mechanisms of Localized IGBT drive board, and key words: Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Integrated optics, Scanning electron microscopy, Optical microscopy, Microscopy, Failure analysis, Inspection. Abstract: In order to confirm the failure mechanism for the failure Localized IGBT drive board, this paper analyzes the key components on the Localized IGBT drive board by using optical microscope observation, electrical characteristic test, X-ray inspection, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis methods. Experimental resultes show that mechanical stress was the major factor for the failure of Localized IGBT drive board. |
6,983 | Please write an abstract with title: Intelligent Early Warning Support System of Financial Crisis Based on Recurrent Neural Network, and key words: Economics, Technological innovation, Recurrent neural networks, Systematics, Time series analysis, Predictive models, Alarm systems. Abstract: Preventing and resolving major financial risks is an important part of the three major battle. Under the new normal economic situation affected by COVID-19, China’s economic environment is complex and changeable, and the problem of financial risks is constantly highlighted. There are many reasons for enterprise bankruptcy □ However, the bankruptcy of domestic and foreign enterprises is closely related to the enterprise financial crisis. A systematic and perfect financial management system can promote the growth of enterprises at the beginning of the establishment of enterprises, and detect and prevent the possible crisis of enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a financial crisis early warning model in line with the characteristics of enterprises. It is an urgent practical problem to establish a financial crisis early warning system to prevent financial crises and risks, and to create a good institutional environment for safe financial management and sustainable operation of enterprises. For the operators, they can effectively predict the credit risk in advance, strengthen the management, and formulate and implement the credit risk response plan to realize the healthy and stable development of enterprises. The recurrent neural network can better fit and predict the financial risks, and become an effective means of forecasting, evaluation and intelligent early warning. |
6,984 | Please write an abstract with title: Amplitude-Identifiable MUSIC (Aid-MUSIC) for Asynchronous Frequency in Blade Tip Timing, and key words: Multiple signal classification, Frequency synchronization, Frequency estimation, Blades, Probes, Vibrations, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Abstract: Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) has gained prominence in frequency estimation with the virtue of overcoming the undersampling problem of blade tip timing (BTT). However, as a crucial vibration feature, the amplitude cannot be estimated by MUSIC. Existing amplitude extraction methods for MUSIC are performed as postprocessing methods not related to MUSIC. Additionally, existing derivations of MUSIC for real signals use Euler’s formula to transform real signals into complex exponential signals. Therefore, this article rederives MUSIC based solely on real signals and further proposes an amplitude-identifiable MUSIC (Aid-MUSIC) approach to recover the amplitude information hidden in the eigenvalue decomposition of MUSIC. Combined with the proposed formulaic explanation of MUSIC’s asynchronous-pass ability, Aid-MUSIC is adapted according to the characteristics of BTT signal. The simulations and experiments show that Aid-MUSIC can achieve the simultaneous and stable extraction of amplitude and frequency for asynchronous frequency components without the interference of synchronous frequency components. |
6,985 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on the Performance of Overlay / Underlay Cognitive Radio Waveforms in Different Channels, and key words: Multicarrier code division multiple access, Gold, Power system measurements, Simulation, Bit error rate, Spread spectrum communication, Rayleigh channels. Abstract: In this paper, we first derived the bit error rates for overlay and underlay waveforms respectively. Then, according to their waveform characteristics, Non-continuous multi-carrier Code Division Multiple Access (NC-MC-CDMA) signal was used to implement the overlay waveforms and exploit spectrum holes; and direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal, whose power is below the noise’s power spectral density, was used to implement underlay waveforms and exploit underused frequency bands; by adding spread spectrum code sequences of DSSS signals and frequency hopping sequences of NC-MC-CDMA signals, the added signal was used to implement hybrid overlay/underlay waveform. In AWGN, RAYLEIGH and RICEAN channels, bit error rates (BER) of overlay, underlay and hybrid overlay/underlay waveforms were simulated respectively. The results showed that hybrid overlay/underlay waveform performance > overlay waveform performance > underlay waveform performance; and that underlay waveform allows primary users and secondary users to coexist, but when the number of primary users increases, then the performance of underlay waveform decreases. |
6,986 | Please write an abstract with title: Spectral transformations through canonical correlation analysis for speaker adptation in ASR, and key words: Automatic speech recognition, Loudspeakers, Dictionaries, Acoustic waves, Speech recognition, Statistical analysis, Vocabulary, Signal representations, Microphones, Acoustic noise. Abstract: This paper describes a technique of spectral transformation for improved adaptation of a knowledge data base or reference templates to new speakers in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Based on a statistical analysis tool (Canonical correlation analysis) the proposed method permits to improve speaker independance in Large vocabulary ASR. Application to an isolated word recognizer improved a 70% correct score to 87%. |
6,987 | Please write an abstract with title: New algorithms for digital convolution, and key words: Convolution, Discrete Fourier transforms, Fast Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms, Cathode ray tubes, Application software, Finite impulse response filter, IIR filters, Digital filters. Abstract: It is shown how the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) can be used to convert a one-dimensional cyclic convolution to a multi-dimensional convolution which is cyclic in all dimensions. Then, special algorithms are developed which, compute the relatively short convolutions in each of the dimensions. The original suggestion for this procedure was made in order to extend the lengths of the convolutions which one can compute with number-theoretic transforms. However, it is shown that the method can be more efficient, for some data sequence lengths, than the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. Some of the short convolutions are computed by methods in an earlier paper by Agarwal and Burrus. Recent work of Winograd, consisting of theorems giving the minimum possible numbers of multiplications and methods for achieving them, are applied to these short convolutions. |
6,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Blockchain-based Access Control Data Distribution System, and key words: Contracts, Data privacy, Encryption, Access control. Abstract: In the Internet age, data distribution is an important means of information dissemination. However, there are many problems that are difficult to solve in data distribution. Current data distribution needs to rely on third-party distribution platforms, but it is easy to generate centralized rights, which causes data creators to lose their legitimate rights and interests. Moreover, data leakage is easy to occur during data storage and transmission, and data integrity and authenticity cannot be guaranteed. In view of the above problems, a blockchain-based data distribution system is designed. We use the decentralization feature of the blockchain to remove the centralized platform, allowing peers in the blockchain network to directly trade as data creators and data consumers. And the data is tracked using the integrity of the data in the blockchain network. At the same time, the ciphertext-based attribute encryption algorithm and smart contract are used to control the user's access rights. Use cryptography to protect the privacy, security, and verifiability of your data. |
6,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Understanding and enhancing polarization in complex materials, and key words: Piezoelectric polarization, Electrons, Piezoelectric materials, Crystalline materials, Stress, Ferroelectric materials, Wave functions, Semiconductor materials, Capacitive sensors, Pyroelectricity. Abstract: Recent advances in theoretical methods and high-performance computing allow for reliable first-principles investigations of complex materials. This article focuses on calculating and predicting the properties of piezoelectrics and "designing" new materials with enhanced piezoelectric responses. This paper considers two systems: boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and polymers in the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) family. |
6,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Hybrid Energy Power Arrangement for Salalah Community in Oman, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Power supplies, Generators, Hybrid power systems, Software, Wind turbines, Load modeling. Abstract: Salalah is a community situated in the southern part of Oman. Some households not having adequate electricity especially during the Al-Khareef season when tourists are attracted to the community in large numbers is one of the challenges faced by the community. The existing power supply method can be enhanced with renewable energy or hybridized renewable energy arrangement to address the electrical needs of the Salalah community. The feasibility of hybridizing photovoltaic (PV), battery, wind turbine, and standalone generator as electrical energy sources was investigated. HOMER software that analyzes system configuration was used to study the application and functional limitations of each hybridized arrangement. The result showed that the PV/Genset/Wind/battery has the lowest energy cost compared to the PV/Wind/Battery and Standalone generator energy-based arrangement. The standalone generator energy system has significant pollution compared to the other two hybridized systems. Hence, the PV/Genset/Wind/Battery system is adjudged a better candidate for the Salalah community electrification demand. |
6,991 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Comparative Assessment of Grid Connected Power Converters Control Strategies, and key words: Voltage control, Frequency control, Phase locked loops, Impedance, Frequency conversion, Frequency synchronization, Reactive power. Abstract: Renewable energy sources are generally interfaced with the electric distribution and transmission grid via power converters. The displacement of the traditional generating plants requires the new resources to be involved in the grid control strategy. This has driven the research to the so called grid-supporting control strategies which allow power converters to be involved in the grid voltage and frequency regulation. This paper presents a performance based comparison of three families of converter control strategies: grid-forming, grid-following converters and virtual synchronous machines. The CIGRE medium voltage benchmark system is used as a test bench and the performance of the three strategies are compared each other and with those of a traditional reciprocating generator. The analysis is made thought real-time simulations. |
6,992 | Please write an abstract with title: Prediction of Learning Performance in Online Course Based on Linear Regression Model: IEEE ITAIC(ISSN:2693-2865), and key words: Analytical models, Solid modeling, Correlation, Linear regression, Education, Predictive models, Data models. Abstract: This paper takes the online learning behavior and performance data of online courses as the research object, analyzes the factors that affect the course performance in online learning behavior, and establishes a performance prediction model. First, the influencing factors of course achievement are analyzed by calculating the correlation coefficient between learning behavior features and course achievement; then, a linear regression performance prediction model is constructed by using single or multiple learning behavior features, and the regression coefficients are solved by the least squares method or gradient descent method; Finally, the mean square error and coefficient of determination are used to evaluate the model performance. The experimental results show that the top three learning behavior features that have the greatest impact on course performance are the audio and video learning time, number of chapter study times and the number of task points completed, while the multiple linear regression model established using these three learning behavior characteristics and assignment scores has the highest prediction accuracy. The research results can provide reference for online course teachers and learners, help to promote online course learning early warning and performance prediction, and improve the quality of online course teaching. |
6,993 | Please write an abstract with title: 1-V quasi constant-g/sub m/ input/output rail-to-rail CMOS op-amp, and key words: Rail to rail inputs, Rail to rail outputs, Operational amplifiers, Resistors, Voltage control, Circuit optimization, Signal generators, Differential amplifiers, Rail to rail operation, Nonlinear circuits. Abstract: An input/output rail-to-rail CMOS operational amplifier with quasi constant small-signal behavior and operating with a 1-V single supply, is presented. Dynamically biased input level shifters are used to extend the amplifier input voltage range. The operation of these common-mode adapters is controlled taking the small-signal response of the amplifier input stage into account. Experimental results on a test-chip fabricated in standard 0.8-/spl mu/m CMOS technology are given. |
6,994 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluating the use of virtual reality as a tool for briefing clients in architecture, and key words: Virtual reality, Buildings, Visualization, Construction industry, Technical drawing, Animation, Process design, Virtual environment, Appropriate technology, Inspection. Abstract: The paper evaluates the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) technology at presenting architectural design during the client design review stages of a construction project. A live project from UK House Building Sector was adopted for the evaluation. The work identified a suitable case study, created a 3D model, formulated a presentation strategy for the design review of the architectural design and conducted a qualitative/quantitative evaluation of the VR technology. The results show that VR technology is highly effective as a tool for presenting architectural design, appropriately conveying the spatial dimensions, contextual information and realism of the architectural design to the clients. |
6,995 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic generation control of wind turbines based on pitch angle changes, and key words: Actuators, Process control, Automatic generation control, Hydraulic systems, Wind power generation, Mathematical models, Wind turbines. Abstract: With the increasing proportion of wind power in the power system, automatic generation control of wind turbines is required to ensure the stable operation of power systems. This paper proposes an automatic generation control of wind turbines based on pitch angle changes. First, the operation characteristics of wind turbines are analyzed. Second, the automatic generation control of wind turbines based on pitch angle changes is determined. For variable pitch actuator modeling, the physical model of the hydraulic variable pitch actuator is used instead of the simple first-order mathematical model to close to the real systems. Finally, numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. |
6,996 | Please write an abstract with title: Back to the Drawing Board: A Critical Evaluation of Poisoning Attacks on Production Federated Learning, and key words: Privacy, Production, Benchmark testing, Collaborative work, Robustness, Data models, Security. Abstract: While recent works have indicated that federated learning (FL) may be vulnerable to poisoning attacks by compromised clients, their real impact on production FL systems is not fully understood. In this work, we aim to develop a comprehensive systemization for poisoning attacks on FL by enumerating all possible threat models, variations of poisoning, and adversary capabilities. We specifically put our focus on un-targeted poisoning attacks, as we argue that they are significantly relevant to production FL deployments. We present a critical analysis of untargeted poisoning attacks under practical, production FL environments by carefully characterizing the set of realistic threat models and adversarial capabilities. Our findings are rather surprising: contrary to the established belief, we show that FL is highly robust in practice even when using simple, low-cost defenses. We go even further and propose novel, state-of-the-art data and model poisoning attacks, and show via an extensive set of experiments across three benchmark datasets how (in)effective poisoning attacks are in the presence of simple defense mechanisms. We aim to correct previous misconceptions and offer concrete guidelines to conduct more accurate (and more realistic) research on this topic. |
6,997 | Please write an abstract with title: Incorporating Kinematic Wave Theory Into a Deep Learning Method for High-Resolution Traffic Speed Estimation, and key words: Convolutional neural networks, Estimation, Kernel, Computer architecture, Microprocessors, Mathematical models, Data models. Abstract: We propose a kinematic wave-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Deep CNN) to estimate high-resolution traffic speed fields from sparse probe vehicle trajectories. We introduce two key approaches that allow us to incorporate kinematic wave theory principles to improve the robustness of existing learning-based estimation methods. First, we propose an anisotropic traffic kernel for the Deep CNN. The anisotropic kernel explicitly accounts for space-time correlations in macroscopic traffic and effectively reduces the number of trainable parameters in the Deep CNN model. Second, we propose to use simulated data for training the Deep CNN. Using a targeted simulated data for training provides an implicit way to impose desirable traffic physical features on the learning model. In the experiments, we highlight the benefits of using anisotropic kernels and evaluate the transferability of the trained model to real-world traffic using the Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) and the German Highway Drone (HighD) datasets. The results demonstrate that anisotropic kernels significantly reduce model complexity and model over-fitting, and improve the physical correctness of the estimated speed fields. We find that model complexity scales linearly with problem size for anisotropic kernels compared to quadratic scaling for isotropic kernels. Furthermore, evaluation on real-world datasets shows acceptable performance, which establishes that simulation-based training is a viable surrogate to learning from real-world data. Finally, a comparison with standard estimation techniques shows the superior estimation accuracy of the proposed method. |
6,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Classification and Comparison Study of Rice Plant Diseases using Pre-Trained CNN Models, and key words: Deep learning, Measurement, Computational modeling, Transfer learning, Crops, Production, Predictive models. Abstract: Convolution Neural Network plays an important role in the field of agriculture for the identification and classification of diseases in the different types of crops. Most of the families in India belong to the farming background. So, in farming the paddy crop plays the crucial role because most of the famers are interested in growing the paddy crop. There are many diseases which damages the paddy crop. and it effects the production of rice. Due to this, farmers can’t meet the required production of food. In order to reduce the damage from different types of diseases on paddy crop, the CNN model is chosen. There are other sources like machine learning technology for identification of diseases but in recent times due to increase in technology and accuracy metrics the deep learning is widely used. In paddy crop, there are more than 30 varieties of diseases which damage the crop. Among these, four types of diseases like Leaf Blast, Brown Spot, Hispa and Bacterial Leaf Blight are more commonly observed in the crop. And these diseases are similar to each other, so that they can’t even be identified by the naked eye. In order to reduce the damage from diseases they should be identified in early stage and the necessary precautions must be taken for the increase in the crop yield. The main objective of this project is to make a deep learning model for the identification and classification of paddy crop diseases through transfer learning and image processing and all the process is done in deep learning. This project is mainly focuses on four disease classes and the classification process, the accuracy metrics is analyzed. Among the different pre trained models such as InceptionV3, VGG 16, Resnet 50, the better accuracy is achieved from Inceptionv3 with an accuracy of 91.23%. |
6,999 | Please write an abstract with title: Self-Supervised Learning of Depth From Sequence of Images, and key words: Training, Learning systems, Three-dimensional displays, Structure from motion, Computational modeling, Robot vision systems, Estimation. Abstract: The Estimation of distance between objects in a relation to camera is still a challenging problem of many robotics applications, such as self-driving cars, 3D scene reconstruction, and robot grasping. Estimation of depth at which different objects are present in the scene are previously approached using many supervised based learning methods. Our Self-supervised learning based architecture has demonstrated great potential in estimating depth from Monocular images. SFM (Structure from Motion) and depth animation based on stereo images, basically rely on the feature matching of different views of the same scene. Capturing depth related data from a single photograph would be a challenging task (ill-posed problem). In this work, We tried to present a self-supervised learning based monocular depth estimation method. Further, we also addressed some of the common issues caused because of dynamic objects and occlusions. We have evaluated the results of the monocular sequence based method with stereo image based method and we observed that with no additional contribution the model performs poorly and addition of masking, min re-projection loss improves the performance of the model. |
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