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8,500 | Please write an abstract with title: Internal Fault Diagnosis and Defect Position Analysis of a 1000kV Shunt Reactor with Abnormal Oil Chromatography, and key words: Partial discharges, Inductors, Shunts (electrical), Discharges (electric), Clamps, Fault location, Acoustics. Abstract: There is a fault case caused by abnormal C2H2 content in a 1000kV shunt reactor of ultra high voltage (UHV) substation. In this paper, a preliminary analysis of the fault type is firstly conducted based on online oil chromatography data. Secondly, it can be judged that there is a significant discharge inside the shunt reactor considering typical ultra high frequency (UHF) and high frequency (HF) discharge signals measured by partial discharge intensive care system. Finally, fault diagnosis and defect position are conducted by combined detection of UHF partial discharge, HF partial discharge and ultrasonic partial discharge. It is found that the defect position of UHF partial discharge and ultrasonic partial discharge are easily affected by complex structure inside the shunt reactor, which can only locate approximate area. Meanwhile, by comparing the size and polarity of the HF partial discharge pulse waveform of the shunt reactor iron core and the clamp with the test results of the square wave discharge polarity meter, it can be judged that the X-pillar clamp has a discharge source to the ground loop. The effectiveness of the combined diagnosis and positioning method of HF partial discharge, ultrasonic partial discharge, and UHF partial discharge are verified as to the disintegration results of returning to the factory. It can provide a reference for fault diagnosis and position analysis of UHV shunt reactors. |
8,501 | Please write an abstract with title: Using Siamese Neural Networks to Perform Cross-System Behavioral Authentication in Virtual Reality, and key words: Systematics, Biometrics (access control), Neural networks, Authentication, Virtual reality, User interfaces, Tools. Abstract: In this paper, we provide an approach on using behavioral biometrics to perform cross-system high-assurance authentication of users in virtual reality (VR) environments. VR is currently being explored as a critical tool to ensure seamless delivery of essential services, such as education, healthcare, and personal finance, while enabling users to work from home environments. Due to the sensitive nature of personal data generated, VR applications for essential services need to provide secure access. Traditional PIN or password-based credentials can be breached by malicious impostors, or be handed over by an intended user of a VR system to a confederate to assist the intended user in completing a task, e.g., an exam or a physical therapy routine. Existing approaches that use the behavior of the user in VR as a biometric signature fail when users provide enrollment and use-time data on different VR systems. We use Siamese neural networks to learn a distance function that characterizes the systematic differences between data provided across pairs of dissimilar VR systems. Our approach provides average equal error rates (EERs) ranging from 1.38% to 3.86% for authentication using a benchmark dataset that consists of 41 users performing a ball-throwing task with 3 VR systems-an Oculus Quest, an HTC Vive, and an HTC Vive Cosmos. To compare to prior approaches in VR biometrics, we also obtain average accuracies for the task of identification, where given an input user's trajectory in a use-time VR system, we use Siamese networks to return the user with the top matching trajectory in an enrollment VR system as the label. We report identification results ranging from 87.82% to 98.53% with average improvements of 29.78%±8.58% and 30.78%±3.68% over existing approaches that use generic distance matching and fully convolutional networks on the enrollment dataset respectively. |
8,502 | Please write an abstract with title: DC–DC Topology for Interfacing a Wireless Power Transfer System to an On-Board Conductive Charger for Plug-In Electric Vehicles, and key words: Impedance, Batteries, Bridge circuits, Topology, Wireless power transfer, Receivers, Capacitors. Abstract: This article proposes a novel dc–dc topology, enabling a plug-in electric vehicle to charge its high-voltage battery using a wireless power transfer system. By interfacing the wireless power transfer system's receiver coil to the electric vehicle's on-board bidirectional conductive charger, a common rectifier and secondary matching capacitors are shared between the two subsystems. The bidirectional dc–dc converter within the on-board charger is optimized to operate over two frequency bands; thus, guaranteeing compliance with the working frequency and interoperability requirements proposed by the SAE J2954 for a wireless power transfer system without degrading the power density requirement of a bidirectional on-board charger. Through component sharing between the two subsystems, a reduction in the overall size and cost of the on-board electronics is achieved. Simulation results are provided to validate the fundamental operation of the proposed circuit. Finally, a prototype is built to validate the assumptions. |
8,503 | Please write an abstract with title: Compressive Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, and key words: Scanning electron microscopy, Three-dimensional displays, Transmission electron microscopy, Electron beams, Microscopy, Tomography, Signal processing. Abstract: Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) offers high-resolution images that are used to quantify the nanoscale atomic structure and composition of materials and biological specimens. In many cases, however, the resolution is limited by the electron beam damage, since in traditional STEM, a focused electron beam scans every location of the sample in a raster fashion. In this paper, we propose a scanning method based on the theory of Compressive Sensing (CS) and subsampling the electron probe locations using a line hop sampling scheme that significantly reduces the electron beam damage. We experimentally validate the feasibility of the proposed method by acquiring real CS-STEM data, and recovering images using a Bayesian dictionary learning approach. We support the proposed method by applying a series of masks to fully-sampled STEM data to simulate the expectation of real CS-STEM. Finally, we perform the real data experimental series using a constrained-dose budget to limit the impact of electron dose upon the results, by ensuring that the total electron count remains constant for each image. |
8,504 | Please write an abstract with title: Analyzing Cascading Effects of Spoofing Attacks on ADS-B Using a Discrete Model of Air Traffic Control Responses and AGMOD Dynamics, and key words: Analytical models, Atmospheric modeling, Heuristic algorithms, Delays, Trajectory, Air traffic control, Aircraft. Abstract: Cyber attacks on civil aviation critical information infrastructure such as Automatic Surveillance Dependent-Broadcast (ADS-B) spoofing targeting ground stations could cause major detrimental impacts to the performance of Air Traffic Management (ATM) operations. To mitigate the risks of spoofing attacks, a deep understanding of the possible impacts is crucial. Therefore, we analyzed the perturbated states of the flight ‘Arrivals-Ground Movement-Departures’ (AGMOD) dynamics during an emergency using a discrete events model. We simulated attack scenarios and observed the emerged cascading effects in the form of flight delay propagation through quantification of delayed time steps and number of affected aircraft within the AGMOD phases. Besides proving how ADS-B spoofing attacks propagate flight delays, our model is also able to render the dynamics of AGMOD key events based on Air Traffic Controller (ATC)’s response time during cyber-physical incidences. This capability is ideal for decision makers in forming mitigation plans to enhance operational resilience. |
8,505 | Please write an abstract with title: A Matching Game With Discard Policy for Virtual Machines Placement in Hybrid Cloud-Edge Architecture for Industrial IoT Systems, and key words: Delays, Games, Computer architecture, Time factors, Servers, Resource management. Abstract: Nowadays, industrial Internet of Things (IIoTs) has gained attention as an emerging application area of the Internet of Things paradigm to improve efficiency and reliability in a wide class of manufacture processes. This article focuses on a combined edge-cloud computing architecture for IIoT systems, and addresses the minimization of both the mean system response time and the number of requests dropping due to a response time greater than their time deadline. The problem is formulated as a matching game with externalities between the edge computing servers, and the applications themselves. The proposed strategy adopts a discard policy with the aim at favoring the IIoT-devices requests with a not-expired deadline. Moreover, a suitable discussion of the matching stability is proposed. Finally, the strategy's validity has been confirmed by the system performance expressed in terms of mean and worst system response time and outage probability, in comparison to methods recently proposed in the literature. |
8,506 | Please write an abstract with title: Maintenance Scheduling for HV Cable Based on the Delay-Time Concept, and key words: Power cables, Maintenance engineering, Inspection, Delays, Integrated circuit modeling, Power grids, Economics. Abstract: A delay-time concept based approach to scheduling of HV cable inspection and maintenance is proposed in this paper. Based on the delay-time concept, the progress of cable failure can be regarded as a two-stage process, one being a stochastic process of defects arrival which can be introduced by Poisson distribution and the other being a delay-time interval from defect to failure which can be expressed by exponential distribution. According to the service duration of a cable and its historical periodicity of inspection, the use of a statistical model representing cable failures for scheduling maintenance activities is established. Within the delay-time interval, a defect can be identified and eliminated prior to it turning into failure through daily inspection, testing and maintenance. Cable circuits within different service age are considered individually due to their characteristics of failure progress versus service age vary with individuals. Then the maintenance activities can be optimally scheduled by setting the objective functions as the minimal maintenance cost, where the overall cost of HV cable maintenance is considered as including the potential failure loss and daily inspection and testing cost. In this way, maintenance Scheduling can be automatically formulated and updated whenever failure data changes. The optimal approach have been applied to test against thousands of cable circuits in southern China. The economic expenditure could be reduced by 37.46%, compared with the total cost before optimization, because the periodicity of inspection has been optimized to fit within the delay-time interval from defect to failure. |
8,507 | Please write an abstract with title: Sensorless evaluation of asymmetric hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic materials, and key words: Magnetic materials, Magnetic hysteresis, Magnetic flux, Magnetic cores, Employee welfare, Magnetic sensors, Materials testing, Saturation magnetization, Instruments, Polarization. Abstract: The sensorless determination of the dynamic hysteresis loop of magnetic materials, and in particular those of magnetic plates, can be obtained under ac symmetric conditions in a relatively simple way. This paper proposes a new digital method and instrument for the sensorless evaluation of the dynamic hysteresis loop under ac asymmetric conditions, in the presence of a dc polarization of the magnetic flux. The method is based on the determination of the parameters of a simplified linear model of the magnetic circuit, which preserve the energy equivalence. The results of some experimental work are given in order to validate the proposed method. |
8,508 | Please write an abstract with title: An alternative object oriented reengineering for thin-client environments, and key words: Object oriented modeling, Object oriented databases, Middleware, Guidelines, Logic, User interfaces, Reverse engineering, Fusion power generation, Unified modeling language, HTML. Abstract: This paper shows an object-oriented reengineering process of procedural legacy systems for Web-based environments. Thus, the architecture of these systems should be restructured for the client/server model. It can be made by separating the application logic and database components, which are executed in the server, from a user interface component, which is executed at the client. A middleware should be defined to be responsible for communication between these components. The reengineering proposed here uses the Fusion/RE method for the reverse engineering process. This method was specialized for COBOL language domain and guidelines are presented to generate an object oriented analysis model specified in UML. HTML language is used for the implementation of system's new interfaces and the servlets, an API of Java language for the middleware. Persistence Layer design pattern is used to separate the application logic component from database component. These guidelines had been implemented in FAROOL tool, but this will not be focused in this paper. |
8,509 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic pricing model for 5G/6G telecommunications, and key words: Industries, Analytical models, Costs, Companies, Pricing, Mathematical models, Telecommunications. Abstract: The paper we consider a model of dynamic pricing in the 5G/6G telecommunications market incomplete competition. We investigate network services pricing in 5G/6G telecommunications with multi-period technology diffusion model. The time path of market demand, prices dynamics, the social surplus and profits companies that implement new telecommunications technologies are determined. The interaction of the users, telecommunication companies and telecommunication services costs for new 5G/6G technologies are studied. Telecommunication industry equilibrium is considered with free market entry and exit. We study optimal multi-period path of the telecommunication companies' profits, which represent the incentive to research and development (R&D). We analyze R&D expenditure on services and process innovation of 5G/6G technology, assuming a different number of telecommunication companies undertaking R&D. We illustrate how multi-period diffusion of 5G/6G technology and R&D are interlinked. |
8,510 | Please write an abstract with title: Extended SCMA Graphs for Block Fading Channels, and key words: Fading channels, Error analysis, Bandwidth, Sparse matrices. Abstract: Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) has been considered as one of the candidate techniques to realize nonorthogonal multiuser transmission. In this paper we investigate the SCMA transmission in block fading channels with arbitrary coherent bandwidth. The extension from the SCMA base graph is performed by the cyclic shift of identity matrices. We derive the condition for generating the extended factor graph to combat the block fading, and then we present an algorithm for constructing the superposition matrix simply. Numerical results in terms of symbol error rate is evaluated, which shows that the proposed structure significantly outperforms the base graph and the randomly extended graph. The full diversity can be achieved in block fading channels by following the proposed algorithm. |
8,511 | Please write an abstract with title: E-Govchurch as a Digital Transformation Initiative for Nation-wide Christianity Organization, and key words: Technological innovation, Digital transformation, Organizations, Lead, Regulation, Internet, Data governance. Abstract: The process of digital transformation is part of the 4.0 industrial revolution. Through digital transformation, it is hoped that all processes inside an organization will function more efficiently. Internet technology is the major driver of an organization's digital transformation effort. Information Systems for the statewide scope of the two main religion-based organizations in Indonesia are required to satisfy the Indonesian government's National Medium-Term Development Plan for the years 2020–2024 in accordance with Indonesian President Decree No. 18 of 2020. The regulation mandates that the ministry of religious affairs provide information and data services. E-Govchurch, an abbreviation for Electronic-Governmental Church, is the suggested framework. E-Govchurch is a digital program for Information Systems that incorporates a framework for data governance. E-Govchurch will develop utilizing SSM, RBV, the Zachman Framework, and the DAMA framework. The purpose framework in research will lead the next phase of framework development process. |
8,512 | Please write an abstract with title: Characterization Simulation of a Bulk MOSFET in Steady-State with SIPG Method, and key words: Mathematical model, Finite element analysis, Method of moments, MOSFET, Electric potential, Numerical stability, Boundary conditions. Abstract: A bulk metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is modelled with symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method. The proposed framework is based on the drift-diffusion (DD) model and the Poisson equation. The Gummel algorithm is employed to decouple relevant equations. The potential and carrier distribution under a given bias are therefore obtained to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed framework. Compared with the traditional continuous Galerkin (CG) method, this method is proven to achieve better numerical stability. |
8,513 | Please write an abstract with title: Magnetisation reversal in AFC media, and key words: Magnetization reversal, Automatic frequency control, Magnetic field measurement, Los Angeles Council, Magnetic hysteresis, Saturation magnetization, Magnetic recording, Thermal stability, Magnetic susceptibility, Antiferromagnetic materials. Abstract: Summary form only given. In this paper we have studied the magnetisation reversal process in an AFC medium with a C/CoCrPtB/Ru structure. Additionally we have also measured a system without the inclusion of the top magnetic recording layer and the ruthenium layer so that the behaviour of the underlayer can be examined independently. |
8,514 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of minimum-phase digital filters as the sum of two allpass functions using the cepstrum technique, and key words: Digital filters, Cepstrum, Frequency domain analysis, Delay, Australia, Frequency response, Transfer functions, Polynomials, Quantization. Abstract: A new and practical approach using the cepstrum technique is proposed in the design of minimum-phase digital filters as the sum of two allpass functions. The desired magnitude response is specified in the frequency domain. Its corresponding minimum-phase response is then obtained from the desired magnitude response. The desired phases for the two allpass filters are obtained from the magnitude and phase responses. For both filters to be stable, the corresponding denominator polynomials are minimum phase. The filter coefficients are obtained from the desired phases using the cepstrum technique. Design examples show that the method works well for both classical filter specification and general magnitude specification in the frequency domain. |
8,515 | Please write an abstract with title: Matching Intensity for Image Visibility Graphs: A New Method to Extract Image Features, and key words: Feature extraction, Image segmentation, Pattern matching, Couplings, Data mining, Time series analysis, Convolution. Abstract: Recently, the image visibility graphs (IVG) had introduced as simple algorithms by which images map into complex networks. However, current methods based on IVG use global statistical behaviors of the resulting graph to extract image features, which leads to loss of the local structural information of the image. To extract more informative image features by using the concept of IVG, we propose a new concept called matching intensity for image visibility graphs (MIIVG). The key idea of MIIVG is to separate the image into segments and represent the structural behavior of each with reference patterns and corresponding matching intensity. Theoretical analysis shows that the operation of MIIVG can be simplified to convolution operation and provides 256 convolution kernels with clear and apparent physical meaning, through which we can extract image features from multi-viewpoints and obtained more informative image features. Theoretical analysis and experiments demonstrate that MIIVG has a remarkable computing speed and is sufficiently stable against noise. Its high performance in image feature extraction we confirmed by two experiments. In keypoint matching experiments, MIIVG achieves a competitive result compared with SIFT. In texture classification experiments, compared with LBP, MIIVG is superior to LBP in calculation speed and classification effect. Compared with several current deep learning models, they all have the best feature extraction effect and very fast, but the features extracted by MIIVG are more concise. Also, MIIVG hardware requirements are lower, so it is easier to deploy. It is worth mentioning that MIIVG achieved 99.7% classification accuracy on the Multiband datasets, which is a state of the art performance on texture classification task of Multiband datasets and fully demonstrates the effectiveness of MIIVG. |
8,516 | Please write an abstract with title: Biophysical parameter retrieval in production forest stands using C-band polarimetric radar, and key words: Production, Radar polarimetry, Radar imaging, Spaceborne radar, Image analysis, Satellites, Strips, Image retrieval, Data analysis, Polarization. Abstract: A 40-km strip of polarimetric AIRSAR imagery over New Zealand's Kaingaroa Forest was analysed for retrieval of biophysical parameters. The imagery was collected in November 2000 as part of the PACRIM-2 mission. Only the C-band data were analysed, as we are most interested in the potential of applications using future C-band satellite imagery. A series of regressions between stand age and radar information are reported where the level of radar complexity or use of additional covariate input is increased for each regression. The results show that stand age cannot be predicted using any single C-band polarisation. Promising results are found for dual-polarisation data, which will be available from future satellites. A regression using full-polarisation information yielded an adjusted R/sup 2/ of 82.3%. However, many of the common decomposition indices were found to be of little significance in this regression. The result is an improvement on methods based on backscatter intensity alone, and has important implications for inventory monitoring of commercial forestry stands. |
8,517 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust minimum variance beamforming, and key words: Robustness, Array signal processing, Uncertainty, Ellipsoids, Sensor arrays, Signal to noise ratio, Additive noise, Interference, Equations, Lagrangian functions. Abstract: This paper introduces an extension of minimum variance beamforming that explicitly takes into account variation or uncertainty in the array response. Sources of this uncertainty include imprecise knowledge of the angle of arrival and uncertainty in the array manifold. In our method, uncertainty in the array manifold is explicitly modeled via an ellipsoid that gives the possible values of the array for a particular look direction. We choose weights that minimize the total weighted power output of the array, subject to the constraint that the gain should exceed unity for all array responses in this ellipsoid. The robust weight selection process can be cast as a second-order cone program that can be solved efficiently using Lagrange multiplier techniques. If the ellipsoid reduces to a single point, the method coincides with Capon's method. We describe in detail several methods that can be used to derive an appropriate uncertainty ellipsoid for the array response. We form separate uncertainty ellipsoids for each component in the signal path (e.g., antenna, electronics) and then determine an aggregate uncertainty ellipsoid from these. We give new results for modeling the element-wise products of ellipsoids. We demonstrate the robust beamforming and the ellipsoidal modeling methods with several numerical examples. |
8,518 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparative study of cost-effective coherent and direct detection schemes for 100 Gb/s/λ PON, and key words: Passive optical networks, Optical receivers, Optical mixing, Optical transmitters, Optical sensors, Coherence. Abstract: As the capacity of the next-generation passive optical network (PON) is reaching 100 Gb/s and beyond, cost-effective transceivers have been widely discussed. In this work, we provide a comprehensive comparison of various simplified coherent and direct detection (DD) schemes operating at a 100 Gb/s/λ 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation signal through numerical simulation. According to the cost, the coherent receivers can be divided into three levels: intensity-only coherent receivers and phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive complex-value coherent receivers. The received power sensitivity at back-to-back, influence of laser frequency offset, local oscillator power, laser linewidth, analog-to-digital convertor resolution, fiber dispersion, and hardware complexity are investigated and analyzed for each transceiver structure. The results show the following: (1) Transmitter-side optical amplification is suggested for DD and intensity-only coherent receivers to meet the 29 dB power budget requirement, and these schemes have a large dispersion penalty. (2) Compared with 3 × 3 coupler and 2 × 4 hybrid-based coherent receivers, 2 × 2 coupler and balanced-photodiode-based heterodyne detection exhibit similar performance with a simpler structure. (3) Both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive complex-value coherent receivers have superior power budget and dispersion tolerance, and their application in PON would depend on the cost. |
8,519 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on powertrain matching and control strategy of extended-range hybrid electric vehicle, and key words: Batteries, Engines, Acceleration, Velocity control, Temperature control, Resistance, Power systems. Abstract: Range extender as the key power source of extended-range hybrid electric vehicle, the working mode of the extender determines the working mode of the hybrid. Based on the principle of using electric energy to drive as much as possible and reducing the start-stop times and working time of the range extender, an optimal control algorithm for shortening the working time of the range extender is proposed, and the simulation analysis is carried out based on the couple-simulation platform of MATLAB/Simulink and GT-POWER. The results show that the control algorithm can reduce the working time of the range extender, and reduce the energy loss during charging and discharging. Thus, the fuel consumption and emissions of the range extender are reduced. |
8,520 | Please write an abstract with title: Control software for home automation, design aspects and position paper, and key words: Automatic control, Home automation, Distributed computing, Embedded computing, Home computing, Shape, Embedded software, Read only memory, Natural languages, Laboratories. Abstract: The home is an eternal, heterogeneous, distributed computing environment which must be secure and reliable. Computers and embedded processors in the home are all different shapes and sizes and ages. Hence the home poses one of the most challenging environments for co-operative programming. We envisage that control software is introduced into the home by four different methods varying from embedded ROM code to applets generated from a combination of natural language and gesture with wands. But we argue that, in the long term, all of it must be represented in a common, formally-verifiable language and conform to a common scripting convention. The AutoHan project at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory is the umbrella under which we are trying to grow these ideas. |
8,521 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Performance Analysis of a New STBC-MIMO LoRa System, and key words: MIMO communication, Throughput, Demodulation, Transmitting antennas, Internet of Things, 5G mobile communication, Wireless communication. Abstract: LoRa is a modulation technology for low power wide area networks (LPWAN) with enormous potential in 5G era. However, the performance of LoRa system deteriorates seriously in fading-channel environments. To tackle this problem, in this paper we introduce multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration employing space-time block coding (STBC) schemes into the LoRa system to formulate an STBC-MIMO LoRa system. Then, we investigate the theoretical performance of the proposed system over Rayleigh fading channels. To this end, we derive the distribution of the decision metric for the demodulator in the proposed system. Based on the above distribution, we propose a closed-form approximate BER expression of the proposed system when perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) are considered. Furthermore, we analyze the diversity order and the throughput of the proposed system. The results of the diversity analysis demonstrate that the diversity order of the system in the imperfect CSI scenario with fixed channel estimate error variance is zero. However, in the imperfect CSI scenario with a decreasing channel estimate error variance and the perfect CSI scenario, the system can achieve full diversity. In addition, the results of the throughput analysis show that the throughput of the proposed system is little affected by CSI conditions. Simulation results verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the excellent performance of the proposed system. Due to such superiority, the proposed STBC-MIMO LoRa system can be considered as a good scheme for LPWAN. |
8,522 | Please write an abstract with title: A 200μW Eddy Current Displacement Sensor with 6.7nm<inf>RMS</inf> Resolution, and key words: Phase frequency detector, Metals, Sensors, Phase noise, Quantization (signal), Eddy currents. Abstract: This paper describes a low-power eddy current displacement sensor intended for safety-critical touch applications. A sensing inductor is incorporated into a digital PLL to efficiently digitize the displacement of a flexible metal foil. At a stand-off distance of 500μm, the sensor achieves 6.7nm resolution in a 3kHz bandwidth over a 43μm range. It consumes 200μW from a 1.8V supply, which represents a 35× improvement on the state of the art. |
8,523 | Please write an abstract with title: Time Series Phase Unwrapping Based on Graph Theory and Compressed Sensing, and key words: Coherence, Time series analysis, Strain, Graph theory, Error correction, Linear programming, Compressed sensing. Abstract: Time Series SAR interferometry (InSAR) (TS-InSAR) has been widely applied to monitor the crustal deformation with centimeter- to millimeter-level accuracy. Phase unwrapping (PU) errors have proven to be one of the main sources of bias that hinder achieving such high accuracy. In this article, a new time series PU approach is developed to improve the unwrapping accuracy. The rationale behind the proposed method is to first improve the sparse unwrapping by mitigating the phase gradients in a 2-D network and then correcting the unwrapping errors in time, based on the triplet phase closure. Rather than the commonly used Delaunay network, we employ the all-pairs-shortest-path (APSP) algorithm from graph theory to maximize the temporal coherence of all edges and to approach the phase continuity assumption in the 2-D spatial domain. Next, we formulate the PU error correction in the 1-D temporal domain as compressed sensing (CS) problem, according to the sparsity of the remaining phase ambiguity cycles. We finally estimate phase ambiguity cycles by means of integer linear programming (ILP). The comprehensive comparisons using synthetic and real Sentinel-1 data covering Lost Hills, California, confirm the validity of the proposed 2-D + 1-D unwrapping approach and its superior performance compared to previous methods. |
8,524 | Please write an abstract with title: Double-State-Temporal Difference Learning for Resource Provisioning in Uncertain Fog Computing Environment, and key words: Measurement, Uncertainty, High performance computing, Quality of service, Mobile communication, Internet of Things, Resource management. Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved at a faster rate in recent years. Fog computing can perform a substantial amount of computation at a faster rate and is capable of dealing with IoT applications with huge traffic demands and stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Resource provisioning issues in fog computing are addressed using double-state-temporal difference learning. By considering double Q-states while propagating the temporal difference error, high quality resource provisioning policies can be formed. The proposed resource-provisioning scheme outperforms one of the recent works in terms of the performance metrics such as execution time, learning rate, accuracy and resource utilization rate under varying uncertainties of the task and grid resource parameters. |
8,525 | Please write an abstract with title: A Multi-Channel 12 bit, 100Ksps 0.35um CMOS ADC IP core for Security SoC, and key words: IP networks, Switches, Capacitors, Security, Capacitance, Switching circuits, Control systems. Abstract: This paper presents a multi-channel, 12 bit, ADC IP core with programmable gain amplifier which is implemented as part of novel Security SoC. The measurement results show that effective number of bits (ENOB) of the ADC IP core reaches 8 bits, SNDR of 47.14dB and SFDR of 56.55dB at 100Ksps sampling rate. The input voltage range is 0V to 3.3V, active die area of 700um*620um in 0.35um CMOS process, and the ADC consumes 22mW in all channel auto-scan mode at 3.3V power supply. |
8,526 | Please write an abstract with title: Feedback controller design for a spatially distributed system: the paper machine problem, and key words: Adaptive control, Paper making machines, Distributed control, Electrical equipment industry, Industrial control, Algorithm design and analysis, Distributed feedback devices, Frequency domain analysis, Software algorithms, Software tools. Abstract: This paper reports on the development and implementation of an algorithm for the design of spatially distributed feedback controllers for the wide variety of physical processes that are included in cross-directional (CD) control of industrial paper machines. The spatial and temporal structure of this class of process models is exploited in the use of the 2D frequency domain for analysis and 2D loop shaping design of feedback controllers. This algorithm forms the basis of a software tool that has recently been implemented in a commercial product and its use is illustrated for tuning CD controllers on two different industrial paper machines. The first example describes the use of the tool in stabilizing an unstable closed-loop system by retuning the distributed controller. The second paper machine example exposes an underperforming controller. Subsequent retuning of the controller resulted in a dramatic performance improvement. |
8,527 | Please write an abstract with title: Wideband transistor distributed amplifiers, and key words: Distributed amplifiers, Impedance, Circuits, Resistors, Capacitance, Frequency, Bandwidth, Poles and zeros, Electron tubes, Pulse amplifiers. Abstract: FOR WINDEBAND DISTRIBUTED AMPLIFIERS the natural tendency would be to utilize the grounded-base configuration because of its high cut-off frequency. However, the low input impedance would place severe limitation on the impedance level of the input line. A somewhat higher input impedance can be obtained in the grounded-emitter circuit, but the bandwidth of this configuration is greatly reduced. Bruun has indicated a possible solution with RC emitter degeneration; see Figure 2. |
8,528 | Please write an abstract with title: Experimental analysis of active species generated by atmospheric plasma, and key words: Plasma immersion ion implantation, Chromium, Plasma properties, Ion implantation, Optical films, Plasma materials processing, Plasma sources, Nitrogen, Atmospheric-pressure plasmas, Mechanical factors. Abstract: Summary form only given, as follows. Summary form only given. In atmospheric plasma process, some active species, like ozone and hydroxy radical, generate from reaction among nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor etc. For better understanding about generation of active species by atmospheric plasma, OES analyses were carried out in atmospheric pressure in multipoint corona and some DBD types Our experimental DBD types are volume DBD, surface DBD and coplanar DBD We compared with the relative intensity of active species from OES data And we also calculated the intensity ratio of the first negative system of N/sub 2//sup +/ (391.4 nm) to the second positive system of N/sub 2/ (337.1 nm) to know which type of plasma generate the electrons with higher energy. From these results, we concluded the relationship between the intensity of electron energy and generation of active species in each type of the atmospheric plasma. |
8,529 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of a Measurement System-on-Chip and Simulation on FPGA, and key words: Field programmable gate arrays, Semiconductor device measurement, System-on-chip, Testing, Frequency measurement, Crystals, Clocks. Abstract: The article is devoted to debugging a high-speed multipurpose measuring system on a chip in the FPGA. The measuring system includes a behavioral description of integrated blocks and special software. A program for interacting with a measuring system and data analysis tools was developed in the LabVIEW environment. The configuration and firmware generation for FPGAs was carried out in the LabVIEW FPGA environment. The article shows the simulation results of the developed measuring system based on FPGA. The main purpose of the research is to create a measurement system, which makes the process of the measurement on the wafer cheaper and more productive. |
8,530 | Please write an abstract with title: Textile Sensing Interfaces for Cardiopulmonary Signs Monitoring, and key words: Cardiology, Piezoresistance, Fabrics, Electrodes, Impedance, Abdomen, Biomedical monitoring, Textile technology, Conducting materials, Optical fiber sensors. Abstract: A wearable system able to monitor cardiopulmonary vital signs is presented. The innovative technological core of the system is based on the use of a textile conformable sensing cloth, where conducting and piezoresistive materials are integrated in form of fibres and yarns, giving rise to fabric sensors, electrodes and connections. Electrocardiogram and impedance pneumography signals are acquired through the same textile electrodes, while to discriminate between abdominal and thoracic activity, two piezoresistive fabric sensors are placed below the lower end of the sternum and at the level of the navel for recording the thorax and the abdominal pattern of breathing. The use of impedance pneumography methodology reduces the artefacts due to the movement, phonation and rib cage expansions disjointed from respiratory mechanics. All the signals are acquired simultaneously allowing a comparative control of the cardiopulmonary activity and artefacts rejection |
8,531 | Please write an abstract with title: DisCOV: Distributed COVID-19 Detection on X-Ray Images with Edge-Cloud Collaboration, and key words: COVID-19, Image edge detection, Collaboration, X-ray imaging. Abstract: [J1C2 Presentation Abstract at IEEE SERVICES 2022 for IEEE Transactions on Services Computing DOI 10.1109/TSC.2022.3142265] |
8,532 | Please write an abstract with title: Determination Algorithm of Space Objects Covering Type by using Poliametric Methods, and key words: Space vehicles, Optical polarization, Biomedical optical imaging, Stimulated emission, Optical variables control, Optical imaging, Adaptive optics. Abstract: Over the past decades the amount of space debris has risen sharply, it is a threat to the Earth's orbital stations and biosphere. The problem of space cleaning has not yet been resolved, but monitoring is actively developing, and the main tool of which is photometric studies of distant space objects. The main task of photometry of distant objects is to The algorithm for determining the type of coverage for remote objects was developed and tested. The algorithm is based on the use of data on the polarization of the scattered light stream. determine their characteristics: size, shape, coating material. |
8,533 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Dataset Benchmarks for Masked Identification using Contrastive Representation Learning, and key words: Training, Representation learning, Visualization, Pandemics, Face recognition, Surveillance, Benchmark testing. Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed accepted norms globally. Within the past year, masks have been used as a public health response to limit the spread of the virus. This sudden change has rendered many face recognition based access control, authentication and surveillance systems ineffective. Official documents such as passports, driving license and national identity cards are enrolled with fully uncovered face images. However, in the current global situation, face matching systems should be able to match these reference images with masked face images. As an example, in an airport or security checkpoint it is safer to match the unmasked image of the identifying document to the masked person rather than asking them to remove the mask. We find that current facial recognition techniques are not robust to this form of occlusion. To address this unique requirement presented due to the current circumstance, we propose a set of re-purposed datasets and a benchmark for researchers to use. We also propose a contrastive visual representation learning based pre-training workflow which is specialized to masked vs unmasked face matching. We ensure that our method learns robust features to differentiate people across varying data collection scenarios. We achieve this by training over many different datasets and validating our result by testing on various holdout datasets, including a real world dataset collected specifically for evaluation. The specialized weights trained by our method outperform standard face recognition features for masked to unmasked face matching. We believe the provided synthetic mask generating code, our novel training approach and the trained weights from the masked face models will help in adopting existing face recognition systems to operate in the current global environment. We open-source all contributions for broader use by the research community. |
8,534 | Please write an abstract with title: Colored timed Petri-net and GA based approach to modeling and scheduling for wafer probe center, and key words: Semiconductor device modeling, Probes, Job shop scheduling, Integrated circuit modeling, Petri nets, Fabrication, Processor scheduling, Testing, Predictive models, Scheduling algorithm. Abstract: In this paper, we propose architecture to simulate wafer probe. We use a modeling tool named CTPN (colored-timed Petri nets) to model all testing flow. With CTPN model, we can predict the delivery date of any specific product under some scheduling policies efficiently and precisely. In the scheduling phase, we combine two popular methods to contract high-quality schedules. One is to select machines for lots and the other is to select lots for machines. In each method, we use the GA-based approach to search for the optimal combination of a number of heuristic rules. This CTPN-based GA scheduler and helps us to find the good solution so as to meet the requirements in the complicated environment. |
8,535 | Please write an abstract with title: Explainable Artificial Intelligence Methods Based on Feature Space Analysis, and key words: Location awareness, Analytical models, Machine learning algorithms, Machine learning, Tools, Control systems, Data models. Abstract: In the 21st century, mankind is actively introducing machine learning and artificial intelligence into all spheres of life. But most modern algorithms output the final result of the calculations without revealing the details of obtaining the result, which is the reason for some skepticism towards it. To correct this situation, there is a need to use understandable machine learning methods that increase the transparency of use and the level of trust of people. The work reviews existing solutions to this problem, and also draws a conclusion on the effectiveness of a particular algorithm. Based on the results of the article, ways to further develop the work are proposed. |
8,536 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Prediction and Source Analysis of Ozone Pollution, and key words: Gases, Analytical models, Pollution, Correlation, Convolution, Atmospheric modeling, Predictive models. Abstract: For researchers and practitioners in the environmental field, accurate ozone pollution prediction and source analysis play an important role in smart air monitoring systems. However, there are some challenges in predicting and analyzing the source of ozone pollution in the air. Ozone data are spatio-temporal data, so when analyzing spatio-temporal data, the spatio-temporal correlation of the data should be considered. In this paper, we use temporal graph convolutional network (TGCN) model to solve the problem of ozone prediction. The TGCN model mainly includes two parts. The first part is the graph convolution model (GCN). The main feature of this part is to use graph convolution to process the site structure of the site distribution to extract the spatial correlation between sites; The second part is the gated recurrent unit structure (GRU) network model, which is mainly used to effectively capture the time dimension correlation of ozone data; Combining aforementioned two models can effectively consider the temporal and spatial correlation of ozone data and obtain more accurate prediction results. Meanwhile, this paper proposes to use the Apriori algorithm in the field of statistics to solve the source analysis task. This algorithm takes advantage of the matching correlation between the pollution of the national station and the surrounding micro station area to obtain the correlation between sites, so as to infer the source of pollution after the pollution occur.In this paper, we use TGCN model to learn the temporal and spatial dependence of ozone data in the ozone pollution prediction process, and analyzes the ozone source based on the Apriori algorithm. Experiments show that the prediction accuracy and source analysis results have achieved better results. |
8,537 | Please write an abstract with title: Study on Diffuse Light Ratio Adjustable Device for Plant Growth Illumination, and key words: diffused light, full spectrum LED, plant growth illumination, uniformity, light energy utilization rate. Abstract: A lighting device for plant growth with adjustable diffuse light was designed using a full-spectrum LED with a spectral range of 380−780 nm. Based on the photophysiological characteristics of plants and their different light requirements, the device combined the diffuse reflective film and the light source leaf angle to establish three different lighting models. LIGHTTOOLS software was used to simulate and analyze the spatial illuminance uniformity, light energy utilization, and the ratio of diffuse light. The results showed that the spatial illumination uniformity became poor without diffuse reflective film, and the light energy utilization rate of the receiving surface 80 cm away from the light source was lower than 35%. The spatial illumination distribution became more uniform after adding the diffuse reflective film, and the light energy utilization rate increased to higher than 50%. By adjusting the direction and angle of the light source blade angle, the proportion of diffuse light was adjusted to meet the needs of plants for direct and diffuse lighting in different growth stages. |
8,538 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling the COVID-19 Epidemic in PR China, and key words: COVID-19, Epidemics, Analytical models, Infectious diseases, Urban areas, Government, Big Data. Abstract: This study is to investigate the impacts of the strategies against COVID-19 epidemic in China, so as to provide a solid reference to control its spread in the world. A two-stage dynamics transmission model is proposed using “lockdown of Wuhan city” as the time line. The first stage is a SEIR derived model that considers the contagious of the exposed ones. It simulates the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei Province before “lockdown of Wuhan city”. The second stage is the new transmission dynamics model proposed in this paper and referred to as SEIRQH. It takes into account the influence over the COVID-19 epidemic from the series of strategies taken by Chinese government, such as travel restriction, contact tracing, centralized treatment, the asymptomatic infected patients, hospitalized patients and so on. It simulates the COVID-19 epidemic in China after “lockdown of Wuhan city”. The least square method is used to estimate the parameters of the SEIR derived model and the SEIRQH model based on the collected data of COVID-19 from Hubei Province and the mainland of China before April 30, 2020. The experimental results found that the SEIR derived model simulates the actual data in Hubei Province before “lockdown of Wuhan city”, and the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei Province is 3.2035. The SEIRQH model simulates the number of the hospitalized persons of COVID-19 in Hubei Province and the mainland of China after the “lockdown of Wuhan city” perfectly. The control reproductive number is 0.11428 and 0.09796 in Hubei Province and the mainland of China, respectively. Our two-stage dynamics transmission model simulates the COVID-19 epidemic in China, especially our SEIRQH model simulates the actual data very well. The strategies taken by Chinese government are effective, and plays significant role in preventing the spread of COVID-19 epidemic in China. This study gives the reference to World Health Organization and other countries against the COVID-19 epidemic. |
8,539 | Please write an abstract with title: Research of semantic caching for LDQ in mobile network, and key words: Intelligent networks, Network servers, Helium, System performance, Algorithm design and analysis, Query processing, Delay, Telecommunication traffic, Traffic control, Mobile computing. Abstract: Location-dependent query is becoming very popular in mobile environments. To improve system performance, many semantic cache models are proposed. In this paper, we first define a new structure of semantic segments index. Then we analyze the detailed query processing and FAR algorithm. For overcoming the shortage of predicting future location in FAR, we propose a new improved algorithm (RBF-FAR) as replacement policy, which use RBFNN to predicate next location instead of velocity in FAR. Using this new replacement policy, we propose a new model for LDQ semantic cache. The experiment results show that new model, on the basis of RBF-FAR, is more flexible and effective at reducing average response time network-load used in LDQ than FAR model. |
8,540 | Please write an abstract with title: Credit Card Fraud Detection using Apache Spark Analysis, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Cluster computing, Banking, Vegetation, Big Data, Tools, Credit cards. Abstract: Credit card fraud is an ever-growing threat to the financial industry. High dependence on internet technology leads to an increase in fraudulent transactions. Nowadays, banking sector is the most vulnerable for attacks as most of the transactions are done through credit cards and net banking. Many techniques have been proposed to tackle this problem. This paper mainly focus on recognizing fraudulent transactions by analyzing the previous set of transaction records. This research work attempts to integrate big data analytics along with machine algorithms for fast detection of large real-time data. This paper gives a brief comparison of some of the machine learning techniques using Big data. |
8,541 | Please write an abstract with title: Matrix Multiplication Approach to Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Shielding and Scattering of Multiple Cylindrical Shells, and key words: Magnetic shielding, Magnetic noise, Electromagnetic scattering, Permeability, Mathematical model, Conductivity, Boundary conditions. Abstract: For low frequencies, electromagnetic shielding and scattering of multiple cylindrical shells can be calculated through Gaussian elimination of the Helmholtz equations for the fields and the boundary conditions at each interface. Numerical stability at higher frequencies is improved by constructing the equations differently: By multiplying the matrix found through the boundary equations at each interface. |
8,542 | Please write an abstract with title: 3D printable Phase Transformation Meta-structure for Resonant Cavity Antennas, and key words: Antennas, Three-dimensional displays, Cavity resonators, Gain, Bandwidth, Dielectrics, Slabs. Abstract: A simple 3D printable meta-structure is proposed for use as a partially reflecting surface (PRS) in resonant cavity antennas (RCAs). The meta-structure acts as a spatial phase transformation device placed in close proximity above the RCA, thereby improving its gain by nearly 3dB. The aperture efficiency of the RCA with the proposed 3D printable PRS is 39%, with a half-power directivity bandwidth extending from 11.6 to 12.3 GHz. Material properties of ABS-M30 plastic filament are used in this preliminary design and numerical studies, making the PRS suitable for rapid prototyping using commonplace 3D printing methods. |
8,543 | Please write an abstract with title: Pilot project for the evaluation of the sag performance of some Brazilian network busbars, and key words: Voltage, Bars, Power quality, Performance analysis, Power system modeling, Character generation, Commercialization, Government, Educational institutions, Statistical distributions. Abstract: The Brazilian electric energy market can be characterized as a functionally unbundled model, which implies that generation, transport-transmission and distribution-and commercialization activities are segregated. Considering the ample institutional experience in Brazil, ONS-the exclusive Brazilian Independent System Operator (ISO)-has been working diligently to bring into force all the previous concerns with respect to the question of power quality. To this end and with the support of ANEEL-the Brazilian Electric Energy Regulating Agency-ONS has been stimulating a broad debate which market players that require access to the transmission system, government organs, universities and research centers have been taking part in. Regarding voltage sags and swells, it has been clearly observed that the amount of information readily available in Brazil was not sufficient as to permit conclusions to be safely made. For that reason, a pilot project, a measurement survey, has been initiated. This project has as its prime motivation the quality of power at the end consumer and has striven to achieve the immediate objectives of identifying the main causes and mechanisms of sag and swell propagation in the system, as well as to subsidize the definition and characterization of the phenomenon and its indices. The main results of the project have made clear that the performance of a homogeneous family of bars follow a lognormal statistical distribution, as the present paper intends to show. |
8,544 | Please write an abstract with title: Leader-follower Behavior in Multi-agent Systems for Search and Rescue Based on PSO Approach, and key words: Personnel, Multi-robot systems, Task analysis, Robots, Multi-agent systems, Drones. Abstract: Natural disasters happen when no one expects them, and they can cause human casualties. The disaster’s victims can include rescue personnel in most cases. For this reason, the use of robotic systems for disaster relief and mitigation has been proposed. The robots usually carry out search, rescue, and assistance tasks for victims in the disaster zone. We propose using leader-follower behavior for victim assistance tasks development in disaster zones. The multi-robot system follows a team leader who knows the victim’s location. The leader-follower behavior is generated through the use of the PSO approach. The proposed method is evaluated using virtual models of the physical drone platforms. The evaluation of the proposed system was performed using the PyBullet system. The test evaluates aggregation and leader-follower behavior. The PSO approach demonstrates the generation of Leader-follower behavior, and the formation error is evaluated. |
8,545 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient Monte Carlo based reconstruction for general quantitative SPECT, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, Image reconstruction, Single photon emission computed tomography, History, Electromagnetic scattering, Particle scattering, Optical computing, Acceleration, Stochastic resonance, Detectors. Abstract: Accuracy of SPECT images improves if photon scatter is modeled more accurately during reconstruction. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is a general method for detailed modeling of scatter, but to date, fully 3D MCS-based statistical reconstruction approaches have been prohibitively slow and require internal computer memory of hundreds of Giga byte. Here, we develop computationally efficient fully 3D MCS-based reconstruction strategies by combining the following methods: (i) a dual matrix reconstruction approach is used to accelerate the reconstruction and avoid massive transition matrix pre-calculation and storage, (ii) stochastic photon transport calculation in MCS is combined with an analytic detector modeling step, in order to achieve low noise in the Monte Carlo based re-projection already after only a small number of photon histories have been tracked, and (iii) the number of photon histories simulated is kept an order of magnitude lower in early iterations than in the last couple of iterations, or alternatively, the major part of the photon histories calculated for an early iteration is re-used in later iterations. The typical reconstruction time is about half an hour on a dual processor PC. Since MCS can calculate photon transport for any clinically used photon energy or patient attenuation distribution, the proposed methodology is expected to be an important tool for facilitating general absolute quantitative SPECT reconstruction within clinically acceptable computation times. |
8,546 | Please write an abstract with title: Microfabricated Low-Profile High Tunable LC Fresnel Lens for Smart Contacts, and key words: Integrated optics, Adaptive systems, Adaptive optics, Optical refraction, Lenses, Photonics. Abstract: Using high-performance LC (5CB) filled microfabricated refractive Fresnel chambers, we experimentally demonstrate a thin low-profile adaptive optical system with very high analog tunability (15.5 D) that can be integrated with an adaptive smart contact-lens system. |
8,547 | Please write an abstract with title: Shared Vision for Change in STEM Education: Linking Research to Practice in RED Projects, and key words: Stakeholders, STEM, Computer science, Cultural differences, Encoding, Art. Abstract: This Research to Practice Work in Progress paper addresses the importance of creating shared vision for change in STEM education. While many educational reform initiatives accomplish their goals in the short-term, only systemic change can truly improve quality and inclusion in engineering and computing education. Developing shared vision is an often repeated recommendation for effective and sustainable change from organizational consultants and scholars of higher education). In our work, we have found that embracing stakeholders as full partners through sharing vision is a proactive way to expose concerns and incorporate a variety of viewpoints into the change process. Shared vision is a useful concept that can be made more accessible and actionable through social scientific research on how change-making teams engage and empower stakeholders to collaborate on their projects. |
8,548 | Please write an abstract with title: A novel signal processing technique for vehicle detection radar, and key words: Radar signal processing, Vehicle detection, Vehicles, Frequency, Signal processing algorithms, Radar antennas, Velocity measurement, Antenna measurements, Radar measurements, Bandwidth. Abstract: We have developed a 24 GHz side-looking vehicle detection radar. A novel signal processing algorithm is developed for speed measurement and size classification of vehicles in multiple lanes. The system has a fixed antenna and FMCW processing module. This paper presents the background theory of operation and shows some measured data using the algorithm. |
8,549 | Please write an abstract with title: Shuishan Online: Constructing and Teaching with A Data-driven Learning Platform, and key words: Training, Industries, Digital transformation, Education, Computer science education, Information technology, Best practices. Abstract: The rapid development of information technology has brought tremendous changes to the operation of all industries, which is usually referred to as digital transformation. In response to the huge demand for new talents under such transformation, reviewing the current training system in colleges and universities and revising the teaching content and evaluation methods are important and urgent issues. On the other hand, intelligent education is considered as a new teaching paradigm, which aims to improve education quality, expand education scale and promote education equity by leveraging information technologies. In this paper, we demonstrate our recent effort in constructing a new generation of intelligent education platform for computer science education, and discuss the key role of computational pedagogy in transforming the traditional teaching methods. We summarize our experience and the best practice in computer science education with the platform, and hope to deliver some insight to the educators. |
8,550 | Please write an abstract with title: Vector Proportional Integral Controller in Series Connected Custom Power Device for Voltage Quality Enhancement, and key words: Performance evaluation, PI control, Delay effects, Computational modeling, Power quality, Steady-state, Performance analysis. Abstract: Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is one of the most efficient and economical series connected custom power device having a major application in Power Quality Enhancement at consumer and distribution level. In the control structure, the DVR usually utilizes rotating reference frame, which comes with certain downsides. Main purpose of this study is to execute a performance analysis on both rotating and stationary reference frame based DVR's. Cascaded controllers with an outer voltage controller and an inner current controller have been used as control strategy. As current controllers, both Proportional Integral (PI) and Vector Proportional Integral (VPI) controllers are used separately to compare their performance using MATLAB/Simulink. This comparative analysis has been carried out by considering settling time, overshoot and error signals for linear as well as non-linear loads while taking the computational time delays into account. |
8,551 | Please write an abstract with title: Motion Control of Two Degree of Freedom Linear Resonant Actuator without Mechanical Spring, and key words: Force, Actuators, Springs, Motion control, Estimation, Simulation, Numerical simulation. Abstract: The aim of this study is to present a new two degree of freedom (DOF) linear resonant actuator (LRA) and its motion control method without position sensor. The design method of 2-DOF LRA which resonates with only detent force without mechanical spring is proposed. This paper also proves that reciprocating resonance motion, elliptical motion, and scroll motion can be controlled. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by finite element analysis (FEA) results and numerical simulation. |
8,552 | Please write an abstract with title: The ferroresonance computation of single-phase small power transformers encountered in low-voltage electric installations, and key words: Performance evaluation, Low voltage, Analytical models, Computational modeling, Phase transformers, Voltage, Ferroresonance. Abstract: The paper quantitatively investigates the ferroresonance phenomena that occurs at the capacitive connection of a small power iron-core transformer that is encountered in low-voltage installations. The transients are often associated with high levels of distortion for the current and voltage waveforms that also exhibit extreme amplitudes. Thus, adopting an adequate analytical function for describing the transformer magnetic characteristics, the associated nonlinear differential equations that model the transient state, are numerically solved, extracting the main electric quantities temporal evolution. Additionally, their critical investigation is also performed suggesting some mitigations techniques of the phenomena undesirable consequences. |
8,553 | Please write an abstract with title: A Defense Method against Poisoning Attacks on IoT Machine Learning Using Poisonous Data, and key words: Performance evaluation, Knowledge engineering, Computational modeling, Training data, Machine learning, Data models, Planning. Abstract: Machine learning is a technology with the potential to enrich our lives in many ways. It is expected to be used in various situations. However, the value of attacks on machine learning models is also increasing. Therefore, it is considered to be dangerous to use machine learning without proper planning. Poisoning attacks are one of the attacks that can be launched against machine learning models. Poisoning attacks reduce the accuracy of machine learning models by mixing training data with data created with malicious intent to attack the models. Depending on the scenario, the damage caused by poisoning attacks may lead to large-scale accidents. In this study, we propose a method to protect machine learning models from poisoning attacks. In this paper, we assume an environment in which data obtained from multiple sources is used as training data for machine learning models and present a method suitable for defending against poisoning attacks in such an environment. The proposed method computes the influence of the data obtained from each source on the accuracy of the machine learning model to understand how good each source is. The impact of replacing the data from each source with poisonous data is also calculated. Based on the results of these calculations, the proposed method determines the data removal rate for each data source, which represents the confidence level for determining the degree of harmfulness of the data. The proposed method prevents poisonous data from being mixed with the normal data by removing it according to the removal rate. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we compared existing methods with the proposed method based on the accuracy of the model after applying the proposed defensive measure. In this experiment, under the condition that the training data contains 17% of poisonous data, the accuracy of the defended model of the proposed method is 89%, which is higher than 83% obtained using the existing method. This shows that the proposed method improved the performance of the model against poisoning attacks. |
8,554 | Please write an abstract with title: A PV-Utility Integrated Cascaded Interleaved Configuration-Based IPT Charging System for Residential V2G and G2V Applications of EV, and key words: Electric Vehicle, Grid to vehicle, Inductive power transfer, Photovoltaic, Vehicle to grid. Abstract: The work in this paper proposes a Cascaded Interleaved (CI) configuration that integrates the Photovoltaic (PV) and Utility sources for the charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) storage employing Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) technology in both Grid to Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle to Grid (V2G) operating conditions. To achieve this objective a Cascaded Interleaved High Frequency (CIHF) converter is proposed on the transmitter side to integrate PV source and Utility DC-link while simultaneously supplying/receiving power from the IPT link. On the receiving side Battery Interleaved High Frequency (BIHF) converter is proposed to boost the DC-bus voltage needed for the electric drive and charge/discharge operation of the storage when needed. This paper presents the operation and analysis of both converters to achieve the above objectives. Further, a control algorithm to manage the power among various source and loads in both G2V and V2G modes are also presented in this paper. The other features of the proposed system are minimum component count, less complexity in control, and inherent voltage boosting due to the cascade connection of utility DC-link and PV voltages. Finally, the proposed system performance is validated through experimental results using a hardware setup built in the laboratory. |
8,555 | Please write an abstract with title: Practical considerations for variable length source coding, and key words: Source coding, Transmitters, Speech coding, Buffer storage, Data compression, Buffer overflow, Delay systems, Error analysis, Sections, Signal sampling. Abstract: Variable length source coding schemes offer substantial improvements in data rate for a wide variety of data compression techniques. Unfortunately, practical considerations have limited their use. This paper describes several techniques which allow these powerful codes to be effectively applied. In particular, the problem of loss of code word synchronization due to channel errors is addressed. It is shown how self-synchronizing codes limit error propagation. Also, variable delay and the associated difficulties of buffer synchronization and buffer overflow are considered. The variable delay at the transmitter can be coupled with a variable delay at the receiver to give a fixed system delay. Buffer control then becomes the allocation of this delay between transmitter and receiver. Finally, a switching property of variable length codes to better match the bimodal operation of the source is presented. |
8,556 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of Knowledge Mapping in Behavioral Research of ADHD Adolescents Based on Big Data Citespace Analysis, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Conferences, Big Data, Software, International collaboration, Behavioral sciences, Information technology. Abstract: To explore the application of knowledge mapping in adolescent behaviour research of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). In this paper, Citespace software was used to comprehensively use the knowledge graph of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) adolescent behaviour research to explore the publication stage and discipline category of relevant literature, the visualization analysis of scientific research cooperation network and the visualization analysis of keywords. The research in this field showed the overall characteristics of “interdisciplinary expansion, international collaboration, refinement and extension”. It is necessary to further explore the scientific principles and effective solutions of ADHD adolescent behaviour problems. |
8,557 | Please write an abstract with title: Online Temperature Identification Strategy for Position Sensorless PMSM Drives With Position Error Adaptive Compensation, and key words: Resistance, Temperature sensors, Stator windings, Mathematical models, Rotors, Adaptation models, Parameter estimation. Abstract: For the position sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, the online identification of temperature is of great significance for safe operation. Generally, the motor temperature can be obtained directly from the stator resistance, the identification of which is, however, affected by the position estimation error of sensorless control. In order to deal with this problem, a stator temperature identification method for the interior PMSM is proposed with the position error adaptive compensation. The influence of position error on the stator resistance and temperature identification is analyzed and then compensated based on the minimum current vector online tracking (MCVOT) scheme for improving the identification precision. For further improving the accuracy and the convergence rate of MCVOT, a current vector angle tracking strategy based on the adaptive variable tracking step value is adopted in the rotating reference frame. The validity of the proposed method is verified on two experimental platforms. |
8,558 | Please write an abstract with title: Communications network planning in the evolving information age, and key words: Communication networks, Intelligent networks, Communication system control, Control systems, Communication system signaling, Intelligent systems, Deductive databases, Strategic planning, Process planning. Abstract: Communications networks are undergoing major changes in equipment technologies, network architectures, and service offerings. These changes reflect the new capabilities of the evolving information age: high bandwidth technologies, flexible and controllable networks utilizing advanced database and signaling systems, and intelligent network elements. Planning these new communications networks presents a major challenge. However, information age technologies also allow the design of efficient and flexible processes and systems to plan new modern networks. In fact, these new database oriented, intelligent planning systems must evolve in synchronism with the new information age communications networks. In the long term, as the networks increase in flexibility and intelligence, the networks themselves can take over many of the responsibilities of network planning and administration, leaving planners to study business strategies and new network architectures and services. In any event, planning decisions, whether made by the network or the planner, will be based on large amounts of information that are efficiently organized and quickly processed by the integrated network and operations support systems. |
8,559 | Please write an abstract with title: Coupled microwave resonators for sensitive bolometric detection, and key words: Temperature sensors, Frequency, Dielectrics, Detectors, Electromagnetic heating, Thermal sensors, Resonance, Bolometers, Superconducting cables, Capacitive sensors. Abstract: We report the development of a novel form of bolometric detector, which may have widespread application to particle detection and energy resolved measurement, and may be applicable to massive particles, photons or even phonons. The basis for bolometric operation is the response of coupled microwave dielectric resonators, one of which has an almost temperature independent resonant frequency while the other, much smaller, resonator has strongly temperature-dependent permittivity. |
8,560 | Please write an abstract with title: Market mechanism for transmission reliability, and key words: Power system reliability, Propagation losses, Load flow, Load forecasting, Software algorithms, Scheduling algorithm, Application software, Power system analysis computing, Power systems, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: This paper proposes a mechanism for transmission reliability considering line congestion, real power losses and MVA line flows for each bilateral transaction in a deregulated market environment. Transaction reliability is evaluated by means of a series of power flows used to determine the contribution that each transaction makes to the system and applying penalties to the transactions that violate system's constraints. A day ahead load forecast is used to create a bilateral transactions matrix (BTM) by means of an algorithm developed by the authors which is used as the transactions schedule for WIST, an application software for power system analysis; then penalties based on contracts arc calculated. This process constitutes the market mechanism proposed in this paper and is helpful for the independent system operator (ISO) to understand the effects of bilateral transactions and create rules for a reliable transmission system operation that benefits all participants in the electricity market. |
8,561 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of Machine Learning for Improving the Algorithm for Capturing, Orienting and Placing an Object with 6-Axis Robot and 2d Visual Inspection Camera, and key words: Visualization, Machine learning algorithms, Service robots, Robot vision systems, Software algorithms, Machine learning, Inspection. Abstract: The current paper presents the implementation of machine learning to improve the algorithm for taking a part with a specific marker from a 6-axis robot, by serve it to a 2D camera for visual inspection and its correct orientation based on information received from the camera and placement on another part with a pre-marked marker direction. The aim of the present development is to increase the efficiency of automated production of electronic products. After the introduction of machine learning in the algorithm for determining distortions, injuries or other damage to the part, an improvement was achieved in the quality of the processed parts and a reduction of production waste by up to 30%, which led to an increase in system efficiency by 25%. |
8,562 | Please write an abstract with title: Kinematic Analysis and Position Control of Motor Grader Blade Mechanism for Automatic Levelling, and key words: Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Blades, Fitting, Wires, Position control, Kinematics. Abstract: In this study, mechanism analysis, which is one of the necessary steps for automatic function control in construction machines, is emphasized. Motor grader construction machine has been chosen because there are a minimal number of studies in the literature. The blade mechanism of the motor grader has high degrees of freedom; it can perform various rotations and orientations in the XYZ axis. For this mechanism, which is very challenging to control and make kinematic analysis, functions that specify the motion behavior of the cutting-edge points are obtained using the polynomial surface fitting method. PI controllers were created for the MIMO system to reduce the existing steady-state error. Tests were performed for various scenarios on the actual machine, and the results were compared. |
8,563 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Sensor Registration based on the Least Quantile of Squares under Inaccurate Data Association, and key words: Simulation, Conferences, Data integration, Signal processing. Abstract: Sensor registration, an inherent problem in multi-sensor data fusion systems, usually requires correctly associated data. However, the results of track-to-track association are usually inaccurate especially in the presence of sensor biases. In this paper, we focus on the problem of sensor registration under nonideal data association. Regarding misassociations as outliers, the least median of squares (LMedS) registration method was extended into the least quantile of squares (LQS), which can deal with even more than 50% percent of misassociations with a proper quantile parameter. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method. |
8,564 | Please write an abstract with title: Effective Rate Evaluation with Assistance of Mixture Gamma (MG), Mixture of Gaussian (MoG), and Fox’s H-Function Distributions, and key words: Wireless communication, Fading channels, Vehicular and wireless technologies, Monte Carlo methods, Closed-form solutions, Conferences, Quality of service. Abstract: This paper investigates the effective rate when the instantaneous received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) could be modeled as the mixture Gamma (MG), mixture of Gaussian (MoG), and Fox’s H-function distributed random variable (RV), respectively. Three closed-form expressions are correspondingly derived in terms of the Fox’s H-function. The obtained analytical results are further examined by the Monte-Carlo simulation. One can observe that (i) the analytical solutions provide an excellent match with the Monte-Carlo simulation results; (ii) the MG and MoG approaches provide highly approximated solutions, and the MG is better due to a simpler form; and (iii) the Fox’s H-function solution is exact and offers a unified, general and flexible framework for the effective rate analysis. |
8,565 | Please write an abstract with title: Notes on small suction gas plants, and key words: Coal, Engines, Oils, Three-dimensional displays, Steam engines, Internal combustion engines, Writing. Abstract: (Member): I must confess I am considerably disappointed in the results of Mr. Newsham's paper on small suction gas plants, The author confined himself to the description of one make of engine, and one make of two types of gas producers, with the result that the field for discussion has been considerably curtailed. The subject, however, is worthy of a great deal of thought by our members. The days of steam coal are numbered, and the writing on the wall clearly indicates that the world is beginning to realise that the wasteful methods of using its coal resources must be abandoned. |
8,566 | Please write an abstract with title: Fetal heart rate variability: clinical experts versus computerized system interpretation, and key words: Fetal heart rate, Acceleration, Computerized monitoring, Biomedical computing, Condition monitoring, Heart rate measurement, Biomedical informatics, Humans, Pregnancy, Shape. Abstract: Acceleration and deceleration patterns in fetal heart rate (FHR) are widely used as an assessment of fetal condition. The paper presents a method for evaluation of an expert's interpretation of the FIGO definition of acceleration and deceleration patterns in FHR trace. Two indices describing the disagreement between a fetal monitoring system and experts have been defined. The results obtained indicate the essential differences in procedure of acceleration/deceleration recognition by the computerized system and a human expert. |
8,567 | Please write an abstract with title: Formation of low-cycle femtosecond pulses from radiation of a sub-ps ytterbium laser, and key words: Integrated optics, Ytterbium, Optical pumping, Ultrafast optics, Synchronization, Nonlinear optics, Pump lasers. Abstract: A laser system has been developed for generating low-cycle femtosecond pulses with a central wavelength of 910 nm (or 2100 nm), a duration of several field oscillations with a kilohertz pulse repetition rate. The main advantage of the original approach is the optical synchronization of fs pulses with pump laser radiation. |
8,568 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling and compensation of nonlinear distortion in direct-detection optical Fast-OFDM systems, and key words: Optical fibers, Training, Nonlinear distortion, Optical distortion, Optical fiber networks, Optical variables measurement, Fiber nonlinear optics. Abstract: Fast-OFDM based intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) has been proposed for the deployment of cost-efficient optical access networks, due to simple implementation and high spectral efficiency. In this work, the generalized memory polynomial (GMP) is firstly applied to model the nonlinear characteristic of IM/DD Fast-OFDM links, including memory effects. After model validation using measured data of a 10 km single mode fiber link, the GMP is used for performance investigations of a combined clipping and digital post-distortion approach to optical Fast-OFDM, considering both 4PAM and 8PAM modulation formats and different number of Fast-OFDM subcarriers. This work firstly reports performance results of optical 8PAM-Fast-OFDM systems using 2PAM-based training signals for digital post-distortion and FFT-based channel estimation. Excellent performance improvements are achieved using the proposed distortion compensation scheme, relative to conventional system implementation. |
8,569 | Please write an abstract with title: The Impact of Integration Wind Turbine on the Stability of the Electricity Grid, and key words: DFIG, SCIG, Wind Turbine, Voltage Stability, Active Power, Reactive Power, Power Factor. Abstract: The need of electricity enhancement poses a challenge for researchers. This issue can only be achieved with the challenge of the quality, the safety and the stability of the electricity system. This paper examines how the integration of wind energy affects the safety of the electricity system. The integration of two wind turbines separately is proposed. Indeed, the first asynchronous generator used is the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) while the second is a Squirrel-Cage Induction Generator (SCIG). The proposed Grid is an IEEE 14 bus. We proposed to use a Breaker device to intervene abruptly on integration of the wind energy. A comparative efficiency performance was achieved by dealing with active and reactive power, showing the dynamic angle and voltage evolution. The simulations of these turbines gave good results. The simulation results found by the DFIG are better than the SCIG. |
8,570 | Please write an abstract with title: Formation of Short Microwave Pulses by Laser-Driven GaAs Switch with Sub-Nanosecond Transient Response, and key words: Transient response, Gallium arsenide, Masers, Switches, Photoconductivity. Abstract: Formation of sub-nanosecond and nanosecond scale microwave pulses from CW 170 GHz BWO has been experimentally demonstrated using quasi-optical GaAs switch with photoconductivity induced by both femtosecond 800 nm and picosecond 532 nm lasers. It has been shown that full duration at half maximum of the microwave pulses can be controlled by the energy of laser pulses in the range from sub-ns to a few nanoseconds. |
8,571 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter approach for Sensorless Induction Motor Drive, and key words: Torque, Software packages, Simulation, Rotors, Sensorless control, Stators, Steady-state. Abstract: This paper presents sensorless control of induction motor using Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter (AEKF). The performance of EKF depends on the value of system noise covariance matrix (Q) and measurement noise covariance matrix (R). Usually (Q, R) are considered as constants, they are determined by trial-and-error method. But in fact, they change with operating conditions of Induction Motor, for this reason we should updated (Q, R) according the operating conditions. The performances have been tested by simulation using Matlab /Simulink. The Simulation results show high performances of the proposed AEKF. |
8,572 | Please write an abstract with title: Direction and Reverberation Preserving Noise Reduction of Ambisonics Signals, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Noise reduction, Time-frequency analysis, Reverberation, Graphical models, Distribution functions, Transfer functions. Abstract: Ambisonics encodes the directional information of a sound field w.r.t. a reference position in an efficient and scalable way. However, the sound field might contain undesired noise. Reducing the noise while preserving the directional distribution of all sound field components is a challenging task. Recently, the present authors proposed a direction-preserving noise reduction method for higher-order Ambisonics (HOA) signals, which, in contrast to e.g. binaural beamforming methods, yields a HOA signal at the output. In this work, we investigate the direction-preserving noise reduction method further and compare it against a beamforming-based method and the matrix multi-channel Wiener filter. Different methods to estimate the power spectral densities which are needed for the noise reduction methods are discussed. Moreover, a method to preserve the reverberation of the desired signal is proposed. In the evaluation, the discussed methods are compared for different speech sources in anechoic and reverberant conditions and different noise types. |
8,573 | Please write an abstract with title: Object Finding in Cluttered Scenes Using Interactive Perception, and key words: Cameras, Task analysis, Robot sensing systems, Search problems, Clutter, Detectors. Abstract: Object finding in clutter is a skill that requires perception of the environment and in many cases physical interaction. In robotics, interactive perception defines a set of algorithms that leverage actions to improve the perception of the environment, and vice versa use perception to guide the next action. Scene interactions are difficult to model, therefore, most of the current systems use predefined heuristics. This limits their ability to efficiently search for the target object in a complex environment. In order to remove heuristics and the need for explicit models of the interactions, in this work we propose a reinforcement learning based active and interactive perception system for scene exploration and object search. We evaluate our work both in simulated and in real-world experiments using a robotic manipulator equipped with an RGB and a depth camera, and compare our system to two baselines. The results indicate that our approach, trained in simulation only, transfers smoothly to reality and can solve the object finding task efficiently and with more than 88% success rate. |
8,574 | Please write an abstract with title: A virtually jitter-free fractional-N divider for a Bluetooth radio, and key words: Bluetooth, Phase locked loops, Frequency conversion, Radio transmitters, Timing jitter, Circuits, Manufacturing, Costs, Clocks, Communication industry. Abstract: Using a fractional-N PLL as a modulator in a transmitter has gained great interest recently. In order to maintain or even improve the performance of the transmitter, the jitter of the PLL has to be kept low. When a power-efficient zipper divider is employed in the PLL, its jitter must be considered because of jitter accumulation and scaling in the divider. Trying to apply the proven direct reclocking technique to combat jitter fails here due to the asynchronous nature of the zipper divider. This fact motivates us to devise a new and very effective technique called. double-reclocking to remove jitter. It is demonstrated that the double-reclocking is even able to remove jitter that is too large for the direct reclocking scheme, if it worked here, to cope with. |
8,575 | Please write an abstract with title: Microscopic modelling of equilibrium and nonequilibrium gain in optically pumped semiconductor lasers, and key words: Optical microscopy, Optical pumping, Laser excitation, Laser modes, Pump lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Optical scattering, Laser theory, Particle scattering, Equations. Abstract: This study developed a microscopic laser theory with predictive character which can be used in principle for nonequilibrium calculations. However, due to the high expense in calculation time, it is not applicable for parameter studies or the modelling of laser switch-on. Thus, this work developed a procedure of extracting effective scattering rates from microscopic calculations and using them in a rate approximation for the scattering terms in the semiconductor Bloch equations. With this new model, calculation time is drastically reduced while still microscopically calculating effective scattering rates. As an example, the switch-on of an optically pumped long-wavelength quantum well laser is modelled. |
8,576 | Please write an abstract with title: Workload characterization of modern computational biology applications, and key words: Computational biology, Biology computing, Sequences, Application software, Educational institutions, Humans, Databases, Computer applications, Protein engineering, Bioinformatics. Abstract: As computational biology emerges as an important class of scientific computing applications, it is becoming more evident that further advances in the field will render such applications even more important for pharmaceutical research, protein structure prediction and development of gene-based therapies. We expect that the performance of computational biology applications will therefore become an important factor in denning future high, performance computing systems. This paper presents a study of the execution characteristics of several computational biology applications in an effort to understand the general traits of such workloads. A performance analysis of a set of benchmarks chosen to represent major classes of commonly used computational biology applications is presented, and the results briefly discussed. |
8,577 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid Data Encryption Algorithm for Secure Medical Data Transmission in Cloud Environment, and key words: Computational modeling, Color, Transforms, Benchmark testing, Fish, Data models, Encryption. Abstract: At present times, healthcare data stored in cloud is considered as a highly sensitive record, which should be hidden towards unauthorized accesses to protect the information about the patient. Hence, security related to cloud based medical data transmission receives significant attention among researchers and academicians. This study presents a new hybridization of data encryption model to shelter the diagnosis data in medical images. The proposed model is presented by the integration of 2D discrete wavelet transform technique with a proposed hybrid encryption scheme. The presented hybrid encryption scheme is derived by the integration of Blowfish and Two fish encryption algorithms. The presented model begins with the encryption of secrecy data and then concealed the outcome by the use of outcome in a cover image and 2D-DWT-1L or 2D-DWT-2L. The color images are utilized as cover images for concealing various text sizes. The outcome of the projected technique is tested against different benchmark images and the results are ensured by the use of different performance measures. |
8,578 | Please write an abstract with title: InSight Mars Lander Instrument Deployment Arm Flight Software, and key words: Heating systems, Mars, Motor drives, Instruments, Manipulators, Software, Planning. Abstract: The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) lander landed on Mars on November 26, 2018 and continues to investigate the internal structure of the planet two years later. The Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA), a robotic arm on the lander, was used to deploy the science instrument payloads from the lander deck to the surface of Mars and to take images of the lander and the surrounding environment. This was the first precision deployment and release by a robotic arm on another planet. After deploying the instruments, the IDA has been used for instrument commissioning, scientific data gathering, and to assist with troubleshooting one of the science instruments. This paper provides a high-level summary of the flight software that controls the IDA. The paper provides an overview of the IDA software interfaces, task structure, command handling strategy, motion specification, motion planning, motor control, grapple control, fault protection, and telemetry. |
8,579 | Please write an abstract with title: Ultrasound Image Filtering and Reconstruction Using DCT/IDCT Filter Structure, and key words: Discrete cosine transforms, Ultrasonic imaging, Speckle, Finite impulse response filters, Image reconstruction, Convolution, Kernel. Abstract: In this paper, a new recursive structure based on the convolution model of discrete cosine transform (DCT) for designing of a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter is proposed. In our derivation, we start with the convolution model of DCT-II to use its Z-transform for the proposed filter structure perspective. Moreover, using the same algorithm, a filter base implementation of the inverse DCT (IDCT) for image reconstruction is developed. The computational time experiments of the proposed DCT/IDCT filter(s) demonstrate that the proposed filters achieve faster elapsed CPU time compared to the direct recursive structures and recursive algorithms for the DCT/IDCT with Arbitrary Length. Experimental results on clinical ultrasound images and comparisons with classical Wiener filter, non-local mean (NLM) filter and total variation (TV) algorithms are used to validate the improvements of the proposed approaches in both noise reduction and reconstruction performance for ultrasound images. |
8,580 | Please write an abstract with title: Distracted Driving Behavior Detection and Identification Based on Improved Cornernet-Saccade, and key words: Training, Road transportation, Convolution, Real-time systems, Data models, Kernel, Vehicles. Abstract: While driving, drivers need to be highly concentrated due to distracted driving can lead to serious accidents. In this paper, a scheme for detecting distracted driving based on an improved CornerNet-Saccade is proposed. To eliminate the risk of traffic accidents caused by distracted driving, through detecting drivers' operations when driving. The scheme includes two stages of model training and testing. First, data set is self-built, the CornerNet-Saccade model is optimized. And, then the network model is trained to detect the smoking action and eating behaviors while driving. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can detect the improper driving of smoking action and eating behaviors in the process of driving in real time, with the accuracy of 71.1% and with a running time of 156fps. The detection accuracy is improved by 3.0% when the improved CornerNet-Saccade is guaranteed to be detected in real time. |
8,581 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer for time and space density measurements for laser wakefield acceleration, and key words: Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Accelerometers, Phase measurement, Density measurement, Measurement by laser beam, Phase shifting interferometry, Plasma measurements. Abstract: This work reports the development of a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer aimed at determining the density of gas targets and laser generated plasmas, in time and space. This interferometer will compose our laboratory implementations for laser wakefield acceleration, allowing the characterizations of gas jet profiles generated by submillimeter nozzles. The technique also allows us to estimate the temporal evolution of the plasma density. |
8,582 | Please write an abstract with title: K-Means Clustering Based Adaptive Context Assignment Method for Image AC Term Encoding, and key words: Image segmentation, Image coding, Merging, Signal processing algorithms, Clustering algorithms, Transform coding, Training data. Abstract: Context modeling is to classify the input data into several classes and apply different probability models for each class. It plays a critical role in data compression. Conventionally, when constructing the context, one often uses several criterions to separate each axis in the feature domain into several parts independently. However, it does not consider the correlation among different features. In this work, we propose an advanced context modeling method based on over-segmentation and merging in the feature domain using the k-means clustering method. It considers the relation among different features and the number of training data corresponding to each context is more balanced. The experiments in image AC term encoding show that, with the proposed context assignment method, the coding efficiency can be much improved. |
8,583 | Please write an abstract with title: Timed Cellular Automata for Flight Delay Scheduling Optimization, and key words: Automata, Delays, Atmospheric modeling, Airports, Processor scheduling, Optimal scheduling, Clocks. Abstract: Departure flight scheduling optimization plays an important role in handling flight delays to improve airport resources utility and passenger satisfaction. In this paper, we propose a model with a combination of cellular automaton (CA) and timed automaton (TA) to solve flight delay scheduling problems in two major steps. CA can simulate the aircraft departure queueing process in airport runways through the interaction of cells following some rules while TA is used to control the flight status whether they are delayed or ready to depart using a set of clock values. Although there are few advanced algorithms like linear programming and evolutionary algorithms have been proposed to solve this scheduling problem, these approaches might not be appropriate to apply in the realtime scheduling problems due to long computation times required to find the optimal solution. Since the flight delay scheduling problem is a NP-hardness (non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness), the computational complexity will be more difficult as well as the time amount to find the solution will be greater with an increasing number of aircrafts. Hence, the work to build a simple model using CA and TA to obtain an optimal scheduling solution with time efficiency is presented in this paper. This proposed model is simple yet efficient enough to provide an optimal solution within a short time for real-time airport runway scheduling problems. |
8,584 | Please write an abstract with title: Data encryption using non-uniform 2-D Von Neumann cellular automata, and key words: Cryptography, Data security, Cellular neural networks, Principal component analysis, Communication system security, Image storage, Streaming media, Hardware, Data engineering, Color. Abstract: This paper presents a new method for data encryption. Its encryption scheme is based on replacement of the data values. The data values are replaced using a progressive cellular automata (CA) substitution. In the progressive CA substitution, the key stream is generated from the non-uniform 2-D N/spl times/N von Neumann cellular automata, that is a special type of discrete cellular neural networks (CNN). The characteristics of the proposed encryption method are loss-less, symmetric private key encryption, very large number of security keys, key-dependent permutation, and key-dependent pixel value replacement. Simulation results for color images show that the proposed data encryption method satisfies the properties of confusion and diffusion due to the CA substitution is wonderful. |
8,585 | Please write an abstract with title: Real-Time Dynamic Line Rating of Transmission Lines Using Live Simulation Model and Tabu Search, and key words: Temperature measurement, Temperature sensors, Conductors, Mathematical model, Solar heating, Real-time systems, Monitoring. Abstract: We have previously proposed a live simulation model (LSM) that simulates the heat-balance of high-voltage overhead transmission lines during high-temperature operation without requiring meteorological parameters. This can be used to calculate the dynamic line rating (DLR) in real time, although the accuracy of this approach is significantly influenced by measurement errors in the real-time monitoring system. This paper describes how the nonlinear parameter estimation method can be combined with the tabu search algorithm to determine the optimal solutions for systematic deviation corrections in a practical application of LSM. The effects of this optimal solution on LSM are verified using data from a 110-kV transmission line. The accuracy of the deviation corrections is verified through comparisons with field measurements. After correcting the measurement errors, the average error in the real-time DLR calculated by LSM is expected to be less than 1% and the root mean-squared error is expected to be less than 10%. |
8,586 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal Recharge Scheduler for Drone-to-Sensor Wireless Power Transfer, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Wireless communication, Drones, Clustering algorithms, Wireless power transfer, Optimization, Energy consumption. Abstract: Wireless recharging by autonomous power delivery vehicles is an attractive maintenance solution for Internet of Things devices. Improving the operating efficiency of power delivery vehicles is challenging due to complex dynamic environments and the need to solve difficult optimization problems to determine the best combination of routes, number of vehicles, and numerous safety thresholds prior to deployment. The optimal recharge scheduling problem considers minimizing discharged energy of drones while maximizing devices' recharged energy. In this paper, a configurable optimal recharge scheduler is proposed that incorporates several evolutionary and clustering approaches. A modified version of the Black Hole algorithm is presented, which is shown to execute on average 35% faster than the state of the art genetic approach, while delivering comparable performance in simulation across 18 scenarios with varying area and density of sensor nodes deployed under different initialization scenarios. |
8,587 | Please write an abstract with title: Reduction of IC Package Warpage through Finite Element Analysis and Direct Optimization, and key words: Strain, Optimization, Computer bugs, Finite element analysis, Correlation, Ceramics, Geometry. Abstract: Warpage due to thermal stresses in IC packaging is a current challenge for the semiconductor manufacturing industry. This study uses FEM coupled with a direct optimization to reduce warpage in an AMB IC package. ANSYS Static Structural module was set to predict the warpage of an active metal brazed (AMB) ceramic substrate composite material when undergoing thermal cycling during manufacturing. It was then coupled with the Direct Optimization module of Design Explorer. The DO changes dimensions and features in the composite material, within restrictions set, in search for the best configurations that will counter warpage. The results show that, when reducing warpage induced by channels or cuts on the AMB face, mirroring the channel patterns on the opposite side of the AMB reduces resulting warpage by 92%. |
8,588 | Please write an abstract with title: Islanding Detection in DC Microgrids using System Impedance Monitoring Techniques, and key words: Resistance, Microgrids, Hardware, Impedance, Circuit faults, Monitoring, Matlab. Abstract: Islanding detection is challenging for both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) microgrids (MGs). Several research on islanding detection for AC MGs is successfully developed and implemented. Recently, DC MGs have attained significant attention due to its better efficiency, reduced losses, economical and straightforward structure. This paper focuses on islanding detection for DC MGs, which is in the initial stage. A system impedance monitoring based islanding detection scheme (IDS) is proposed to detect islanding quickly. Here, distributed generations (DGs) terminal voltage and line current samples are collected to calculate the system impedance. When the system impedance exceeds a predefined threshold value, relay trips and the circuit breaker is open-circuited to detect islanding. The proposed IDS is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform, and finally, the experimental validation is carried out on a DC MG hardware test bench using dSPACE DS1104 controller. |
8,589 | Please write an abstract with title: Recent results of the step-tunable 105-140 GHz, 1MW gyrotron development at Forschungszentrum Karisruhe, and key words: Gyrotrons, Plasmas, Mirrors, Windows, Variable speed drives, Prototypes, Control systems, Chemical vapor deposition, Loss measurement, Thickness measurement. Abstract: A multifrequency step-tunable 1MW-gyrotron for controlling plasma instabilities in fusion tokamaks has been designed. It operates in the TE/sub 22.8/ mode at 140 GHz and the TE/sub 17.6/ mode at 105 GHz and 7 other modes in between. In the final stage for long pulse operation, this gyrotron should be equipped with an advanced synthetic diamond Brewster window and an optimized beam forming system. The last design results of the Brewster window and the quasi-optical mode converter are presented. |
8,590 | Please write an abstract with title: Groundwater Flooding in Urban Areas: Occurrence process, Potential Impacts and The Role Of Remote Sensing And GIS Techniques In Preventing It, and key words: Economics, Geomagnetism, Conferences, Urban areas, Floods, Remote sensing, Geographic information systems. Abstract: Undoubtedly, groundwater constitutes one of the foremost sources of freshwater. Nevertheless, bad management of this resource in urban areas can lead to a disaster such as groundwater flooding which can jeopardize human health, environment and economic activities like the destruction of the infrastructures, cessation of many services and activities and, above all, people’s lives can be turned upside down. Thus, the aim of this research is to put the light on groundwater flooding, on how it occurs and to give a review about its potential impacts especially on urban communities in order to raise awareness about this phenomenon which is rarely accounted for. Furthermore, this study highlights different (GIS) geographic information systems and (RS) remote sensing tools and techniques which enable the early prevention of groundwater flooding and help policy-makers, researchers and water decision-makers to take necessary measures to reduce the risks associated with groundwater flooding and to establish its alleviation schemes for managing and protecting our environment as proficiently and effectively as conceivable. |
8,591 | Please write an abstract with title: Maritime Radio Communications Uses 3 dB Wide Bandwidth Power Divider, and key words: Power transmission lines, Microstrip, Directional couplers, Bandwidth, Standards, Microwave theory and techniques, Microwave communication. Abstract: Some designs of compact coupler for maritime communications equipment presented in the IEEE database are considered. In addition, a proprietary compact coupler is shown and described. The proposed design is implemented on artificial transmission lines and operates at a frequency of 0.9 GHz. It was possible to reduce the device area by 75.15% due to the fact that the artificial transmission lines were shorter than the usual transmission lines used in the construction of the coupler. |
8,592 | Please write an abstract with title: Introduction of the Bicomplex Analysis in the Finite Element Method Applied to Electromagnetic Far-Field Calculations, and key words: Finite element analysis, Mathematical model, Electromagnetics, Magnetic resonance imaging, Quaternions, Media, Propagation. Abstract: The paper is about an investigation of the bicomplex analysis in the context of the Finite Element Method (FEM). Combined calculations of the electric and magnetic part of wave propagation in homogeneous media are compared to the conventional ones with real- and complex-valued calculations. A significant improvement of accuracy concerning L2-norm of the electric field in comparison to the conventional analysis is achieved. |
8,593 | Please write an abstract with title: Manipuri-English Cross-lingual Word Embeddings using a Temporally Aligned Comparable Corpus, and key words: Dictionaries, Task analysis. Abstract: Despite using cross-lingual knowledge to learn word embeddings for various NLP tasks, there is no comprehensive analysis of the multiple methodologies on the Manipuri-English language pair in the literature. Manipuri is a low-resource language spoken in the northeastern states of India. This study provides an extensive evaluation of two popular unsupervised approaches of inducing cross-lingual word embeddings, namely MUSE and Vecmap, on the language pair bilingual dictionary induction task. We found that the Vecmap consistently outperforms the MUSE. We also propose a novel model to enhance the embeddings by exploiting a temporally aligned comparable corpus. From various experimental results, it is evident that the proposed model outperforms its counterparts. |
8,594 | Please write an abstract with title: Image Encryption Algorithm based on 2D Hyper Chaotic Map and Trigonometric Functions, and key words: Wireless communication, Sensitivity, Chaotic communication, Conferences, Generators, Encryption, Indexes. Abstract: We present a new method for encrypting images using the piecewise linear chaotic map in this study (2D Hyper chaotic Map). We abstracted and mathematically turned the plaintext image into a cylinder to create a series of overlaid circles. This creativity allows us to process and encrypt the image in a novel way, employing trigonometric processes. To disrupt the angles created by our transformation, as a pseudo-random generator, we employed a 2D Hyper chaotic Map. In both the plaintext picture and the secret key, our approach has a high sensitivity. Furthermore, the results suggest that the qualities of our approach operate exceptionally well, as seen by high scores. |
8,595 | Please write an abstract with title: A Physical Meteor-Burst Propagation Model and Some Significant Results for Communication System Design, and key words: Throughput, Ionization, Communication systems, Orbits, Reflection, Earth, Frequency, Circuits, Atmospheric modeling, Atmosphere. Abstract: This paper describes a meteor-burst communication model based on physical models and astronomical observations of meteor orbits and flux. It compares model results to experimental results and uses them to illuminate this complex propagation medium and to show how "hot spots" of meteor activity vary in position and relative importance with the fundamental meteor-burst link parameters. It also presents antenna and other meteor-burst link design considerations with emphasis on military systems. |
8,596 | Please write an abstract with title: Study on Standard AI Performance Test Methods for Service Robots - Autonomous Mobile Service Robots, and key words: Service robots, Rail to rail inputs, ISO Standards, Conferences, Machine learning, Safety, Proposals. Abstract: In recent years, significant advances in AI technology, especially machine learning, have led to improve the performance of robot functions that would potentially replace human work in various applications. On the other hand, there are also cases in which AI is promoted unnecessarily without appropriate benefits. To solve this problem by clarifying the effectiveness of AI applied for service robots, the Investigation Committee of Service Robot AI Performance Standards was started in WG3 of the Robot Revolution & Industrial IoT Initiative (RRI) of Japan. The committee is working on (1) organizing the concept and forming a consensus on AI performance and (2) making a draft for the standard, towards the publication of JIS standard on AI performance of service robots and the proposal for ISO international standardization. We report the status of the studies. |
8,597 | Please write an abstract with title: Hierarchical back-face culling for collision detection, and key words: Face detection, Object detection, Robotic assembly, Testing, Computer graphics, Animation, Service robots, Path planning, Computer industry, Toy industry. Abstract: A few years ago, Vanecek (1994) suggested to apply a variant of back-face culling to speed-up collision detection between polyhedral objects. However, Vanecek's method is linear in the number of faces in the object, which is unpractical for large models. This paper suggests to add some geometrical information to hierarchies of bounding volumes, typically used in collision detection, and perform conservative back-face culling at the bounding-volume level in constant time. The method described in this paper can be applied to complement any kind of bounding-volumes hierarchy and allows a trade-off between memory and speed. Preliminary experimental results suggest that the method allows a significant speed-up, especially in close proximity situations. |
8,598 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulation of Helical Antenna with a Resistor for Radiating Powerful Microwave Pulses, and key words: Resistors, Microwave antennas, Resistance, Electrodynamics, Helical antennas, Microwave theory and techniques, Ultra wideband antennas. Abstract: The paper proposes the design of a helical antenna in a potting compound with a connected resistor at the end. It is shown that the presented variant of resistor connection allows us to achieve an acceptable reflection coefficient at low frequencies. The optimal resistance value of the resistor is obtained by parametric optimization using the “trust region framework” method. The use of the compound instead of vacuum oil allows us to get small dimensions of the antenna, ease of operation and high dielectric strength. By using electrodynamic analysis, radiation patterns for vertical and horizontal polarizations, time dependences of the electric field strength and effective potential, and frequency dependences of the reflection coefficient were obtained. Simulation and optimization results were obtained in CST MWS software. |
8,599 | Please write an abstract with title: Scattering at an N-Furcated Parallel-Plate Waveguide Junction (Short Paper), and key words: Waveguide junctions, Electromagnetic waveguides, Electromagnetic scattering, Bifurcation, Schottky diodes, Gallium arsenide, Filters, Space technology, Waveguide theory, Millimeter wave technology. Abstract: Using the conservation of complex power technique (CCPT), this paper presents a solution to the problem of EM scattering at the junction of a parallel-plate waveguide and an N-furcated parallel-plate waveguide with arbitrarily spaced thick septa. Although this junction can be regarded as an (N + 1)-port configuration, the problem is formulated so that it is viewed mathematically as a generalized 2-port. This leads to very simple expressions for the scattering parameters of the junction. Convergent numerical results are presented for bifurcated, trifurcated, and 4-furcated structures, and the effects of varying the thickness of the septa are investigated. The formulation is directly applicable to N-furcated rectangular waveguide junctions having TE/sub n0/ excitation, with application in the design of E-plane filters. |
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