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8,600 | Please write an abstract with title: Experimental studies of a gyro-TWT amplifier with a lossy ceramic interaction region, and key words: Ceramics, Bandwidth, Circuits, USA Councils, Millimeter wave technology, Dispersion, Load flow, Cutoff frequency, Shape measurement, Laboratories. Abstract: Summary form only given, as follows. Gyrotron traveling wave tube (gyro-TWT) amplifiers are under investigation for radar applications due to their high power and broad bandwidth capabilities in the millimeter wavelength range. The design and experimental study of a 35 GHz gyro-TWT amplifier operating in the circular TEO/sub 01/ mode at the fundamental cyclotron harmonic are presented. The interaction circuit in this experiment consisted of a new type of ceramic loading that provided controlled loading of both the TEO/sub 01/ operating mode and the backward wave oscillations to ensure stable operation. The gyro-TWT circuit consisted of a lossy, linear amplification section that employed ceramic rings spaced to provide the required absorption. The final, nonlinear stage of amplification occurred in a short conducting wall section at the end of the interaction circuit. |
8,601 | Please write an abstract with title: A robust protocol for authentication of mobile users, and key words: Robustness, Authentication, Communication system security, Cryptographic protocols, Access protocols, Mobile communication, Radio link, Information security, Certification, Public key cryptography. Abstract: In the next generation of mobile communication system users will be allowed to have a universal wireless access to multiple services. This implies the exchange of secret information with the home domain via the radio link as the radio path is more susceptible to eavesdropping. A new set of inter-domain security mechanism is needed to secure this information especially in the absence of a single central certification authority. Accordingly, the paper presents a new protocol for authentication of mobile users. The main features of the proposed protocol include the use of mutual authentication between the communicating entities, KrpytoKnight, and public key cryptography. These features will provide a high security level for the whole system. |
8,602 | Please write an abstract with title: Pixel-by-pixel classification of MFISH images, and key words: Pixel, Biological cells, Fluorescence, Probability distribution, Optical imaging, Optical filters, Density functional theory, Covariance matrix, Digital images, Classification algorithms. Abstract: Multiplex Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (M-FISH) is a recently developed chromosome imaging method in which each chromosome is labelled with 5 fluors (dyes) and is also counterstained with DAPI. This paper proposes an automatic pixel by pixel classification algorithm for M-FISH images using a Bayes classifier. The M-FISH pixel classification was approached as a 25 class 6 feature pattern recognition problem. The classifier was trained and tested on non-overlapping data sets and an overall classification accuracy of 95% was obtained. |
8,603 | Please write an abstract with title: Adversarial Linear-Quadratic Mean-Field Games over Multigraphs, and key words: Costs, Conferences, Sociology, Games, Markov processes, Nash equilibrium, Statistics. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a game between an exogenous adversary and a network of agents connected via a multigraph. The multigraph is composed of (1) a global graph structure, capturing the virtual interactions among the agents, and (2) a local graph structure, capturing physical/local interactions among the agents. The aim of each agent is to achieve consensus with the other agents in a decentralized manner by minimizing a local cost associated with its local graph and a global cost associated with the global graph. The exogenous adversary, on the other hand, aims to maximize the average cost incurred by all agents in the multigraph. We derive Nash equilibrium policies for the agents and the adversary in the Mean-Field Game setting, when the agent population in the global graph is arbitrarily large and the "homogeneous mixing" hypothesis holds on local graphs. This equilibrium is shown to be unique and the equilibrium Markov policies for each agent depend on the local state of the agent, as well as the influences on the agent by the local and global mean fields. |
8,604 | Please write an abstract with title: When Infrared Small Target Detection Meets Tensor Ring Decomposition: A Multiscale Morphological Framework, and key words: Tensors, Object detection, Feature extraction, Adaptation models, Image restoration, Correlation, Clutter. Abstract: Detecting the small targets from a heterogeneous background in an infrared image is a challenging problem, which has received extensive attention. In this article, we propose a method in terms of tensor ring (TR) decomposition and nonlinear multiscale morphological top-hat transformation for infrared small target detection (ISTD). First, a tensor model with prior knowledge is constructed for extracting the structural features of multiple infrared images. Then, the problem of small target detection is converted into a problem of minimizing the tensor rank with TR. Based on the TR decomposition model, we introduce the top-hat regularization into our model with multiple structural elements of different size to perform morphological operations. The corresponding morphological model exploits a more accurate ring top-hat regularization expression through adaptive nonlinear combination for the ISTD problem. Finally, the optimization of the model is realized by the closed solution given by the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. In order to verify the superior performance of our method, our method is compared with a number of advanced detection models. By analyzing the results of comparison experiments, the detection accuracy and precision of our model in the detection of small infrared targets have been improved. Even in complex background conditions, our model also maintain a good robustness. |
8,605 | Please write an abstract with title: Multiple Attribute Decision Model for Interval Number Sequence Correlation Analysis of Grid Investment, and key words: Indexes, Decision making, Investment, Correlation, Analytical models, Power grids, Optimization. Abstract: In the analysis of ambiguous and uncertain decision-making problem of power grid investment, the comparison of schemes based on interval number is more accurate in existing methods. However, the interaction of evaluation indexes is neglected. . In this paper, the interaction of indexes was taken into consideration and a new model was proposed to rank the schemes whose evaluation indexes were expressed by interval number. Based on the interval number, the sequence operation theory was used to discretize the evaluation indexes, and obtain a comprehensive evaluation sequence that took the interaction of indexes into consideration. Based on the acquired sequence, the gray correlation degree was used to rank the schemes by calculating the relative closeness between each scheme and ideal solutions. The effectiveness of model was proved in the decision making application of grid investment projects by an example. |
8,606 | Please write an abstract with title: Accurate IoT Based Slope Instability Sensing System for Landslide Detection, and key words: Terrain factors, Sensors, Soil, Strain measurement, Soil measurements, Sensor systems, Sensor phenomena and characterization. Abstract: Landslides are one of the prominent natural disasters in India that account for an estimated property loss of 66 million USD and the fatality of 200 lives in the Himalayan region and the Western Ghats every year. The present systems for monitoring, detecting and early warning of these landslides are based upon radar satellite interferometry, laser scanning or LIDAR, high-resolution imaging via satellites and wireless geophysical sensor networks. All the above systems are either too expensive for large area deployment or less accurate or lack real-time characteristics required for landslide detection. Above all different types of landslides like rainfall induced landslides, earthquake induced landslides, creep landslides, shallow landslides and deep seated landslides pose several challenges in monitoring and detection such as (a) time duration for event detection (swift to long duration) (b) localizing the slip surface depth for event detection (c) recurrence of the precursor triggering events (d) extent of durability of sensor system (e) uncertainty in spatial coverage of the event. To address the above challenges, this paper proposes the design and development of a wireless integrated landslide monitoring system. To enhance the reliability of this system, a low-cost slope instability sensing sensor was also integrated to this Landslide Early Warning System. This sensor’s design, development, testing and calibration is the primary focus of this paper. Further,the paper also discusses about the real-world deployment of this system to monitor one of the thickly populated landslide-prone area in Sikkim, North Eastern Himalayas. |
8,607 | Please write an abstract with title: A distributed microprocessor architecture for fixed and mobile acoustic array adaptive beam forming, and key words: Microprocessors, Acoustic arrays, Adaptive arrays, Acoustic beams, Distributed processing, Signal processing algorithms, Interference, Throughput, Costs, Sonar. Abstract: This paper presents a state-of-the-art approach to an important sonar signal-processing problem, A theoretical foundation for source oriented beam forming (SOBF) is presented. A distributed processing element is introduced, discussed, and offered as one solution to the at-sea platform implementation of high-powered digital signal processing such as SOBF. While many of the details of the implementation are beyond the scope or intent of this paper, they may be found in the references (those references not in the open literature are obtainable from the authors). |
8,608 | Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning based Fitness Landscape Smoothing for Guiding Evolutionary Optimization, and key words: Smoothing methods, Filtering, Computational modeling, Signal processing algorithms, Machine learning, Benchmark testing, Security. Abstract: Simplifying optimization problems by smoothing their rugged and rough fitness landscapes is an effective approach to improve the performance of evolutionary algorithms (EA). However, due to the dimension curse, existing smoothing methods can only handle low dimensional fitness functions by traditional digital signal processing methods or smooth a very local region with special crossover operators. To solve this problem, we propose a methodology to smooth fitness landscapes by utilizing the low-pass filtering performance of machine learning (ML) models. Firstly, we design a framework called simplified landscape assisted evolutionary algorithm (SLEA) to utilize the fitness landscapes smoothed by ML models to guide evolutionary search. To verify its effectiveness, we design several example algorithms by combining variant ML models with the particle swarm optimization under the proposed framework and compare their optimization performances on benchmark functions. Experimental results show that by embedding an EA into the SLEA framework with suitable ML smoothing models, the global search ability of the EA in rugged and rough fitness landscapes can be improved without increasing the total computational cost. |
8,609 | Please write an abstract with title: Spatial programming using smart messages: design and implementation, and key words: Distributed computing. Abstract: Spatial programming (SP) is a space-aware programming model for outdoor distributed embedded systems. Central to SP are the concepts of space and spatial reference, which provide applications with a virtual resource naming in networks of embedded systems. A network resource is referenced using its expected physical location and properties. Together with other SP features, such as reference consistency and access timeout, they help programmers cope with highly dynamic network configurations in a network-transparent fashion. We present the SP design and its implementation using smart messages, a lightweight software architecture similar to mobile agents, that we developed for networks of embedded systems. We also describe the implementation and evaluation of a simple SP application over a testbed consisting of HP iPAQs running Linux and equipped with 802.11 cards for wireless communication. The experimental results indicate that SP is a viable programming model for outdoor distributed computing. |
8,610 | Please write an abstract with title: Atlas-based motion correction for online MR temperature mapping, and key words: Frequency estimation, Magnetic resonance, Temperature measurement, Temperature sensors, Minimally invasive surgery, Medical treatment, Biomedical monitoring, Heart, Motion estimation, Protons. Abstract: Magnetic resonance (MR) temperature mapping can be used to monitor temperature changes in minimally invasive thermal therapies during the procedure. However, organs displacements due to physiological activity (heart and respiration) may induce important artifacts on apparent temperature maps. This paper presents a new method for motion quantification and correction in such MR images, in order to improve the precision of temperature estimation using the proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift. The PRF shift technique gives an estimate of the relative temperature variation, comparing contrast between dynamically acquired images and a reference data sets. The correction method described in this paper consists of two steps: a motion atlas is initially computed in a preparation phase; during the intervention, the appropriate reference image is chosen from the atlas, allowing correct computation of the temperature map despite tissue motion. This method can be applied to any type of image sequences and is not restricted to MR images. |
8,611 | Please write an abstract with title: A novel OFDM frame synchronization scheme, and key words: OFDM, Frequency synchronization, Fading, Autocorrelation, Fast Fourier transforms, Educational institutions, Radio communication, Robustness, Digital audio broadcasting, Digital video broadcasting. Abstract: Frame synchronization is important for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. A novel frame synchronization method based on m-sequences for OFDM systems is proposed. An m-sequence is added directly to OFDM signals in the time domain. By utilizing the autocorrelation characteristics of maximal length shift-register sequences (m-sequences), fast frame synchronization can be obtained over slowly fading radio channels. In addition, if we combine the in-sequences based method with the guard interval based method, further improvement can be obtained over fading channels. |
8,612 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance analysis of optimal data association within a linear regression framework, and key words: Performance analysis, Linear regression, Radar tracking, Target tracking, Position measurement, Closed-form solution, Time measurement, Trajectory, Particle measurements, Guidelines. Abstract: This paper is concerned with performance prediction of multiple target tracking system and especially with the analysis of track purity. Effects of misassociation is considered so as to provide closed-form expressions of the probability of correct association. The linear regression framework is used throughout and provides powerful tools. |
8,613 | Please write an abstract with title: Hafnium-based FeRAM for Next-generation High-speed and High-Density Embedded Memory, and key words: Nonvolatile memory, Ferroelectric films, Capacitors, Stacking, Random access memory, Voltage, Silicon. Abstract: This paper reviewed the recent progress on hafnium-based ferroelectric (FE) or anti-ferroelectric (AFE) deep-trench capacitors in FeRAM for applications of next-generation high-speed and high-density embedded memory in terms of read/write speed, read/write voltage, retention, endurance, and variations in scaled dimensions. Furthermore, a potential path toward ultra-high density embedded memory by vertically stacking FE/AFE capacitors with independent plate line controls and its challenges are also discussed. |
8,614 | Please write an abstract with title: Quality assurance measures in the CONCOR national registry and DNA-bank of patients with congenital heart disease in the Netherlands, and key words: Quality assurance, Cardiac disease, Cardiology, DNA, Quality control, Heart, Birth disorders, Surgery, Pediatrics, Lesions. Abstract: A national registry and DNA-bank of adults with congenital heart disease has been instigated in the Netherlands to investigate long term outcome and the molecular basis of congenital heart defects. All eight academic medical centers in the Netherlands are participating in the CONCOR-project (CONgenital CORvitia). To assure the quality of the data in the registry, a large number of quality control (QC) measures have been implemented. Some of the items that are checked are: incomplete entries, correct patient-ID and birth-date, possible duplicate patient entries and correctness of registered events. The CONCUR registration has started in January 2002. Presently (September 2003) 2750 adult patients with congenital heart disease are registered; from 58% of these patients DNA has already been obtained. The quality checks that have been implemented improve and assure the accuracy of the contents of the registry. |
8,615 | Please write an abstract with title: Continuous Depth Control of Phase-Only Hologram With Depth Embedding Block, and key words: Training, Image reconstruction, Neural networks, Three-dimensional displays, Holography, Optical imaging, Holographic optical components. Abstract: Digital holography is a promising candidate for advanced display, although several obstacles remain, such as the problem of heavy time consumption in the generation of phase-only holograms. Recently, deep-learning-based methods have achieved the real-time generation of holograms while maintaining high image quality. However, the holograms created with deep neural networks can reproduce images only at a specific distance because their target depth is fixed in the training process. This paper suggested and demonstrated a deep neural network that can continuously control the depth of the phase-only hologram. The network takes a target depth and an input image and generates a phase-only hologram. We added a depth embedding block that moves the hologram latent vector depending on the target depth. Thus, we can change the location of the image plane without retraining. The numerical and optical experiments show that the network understands the relationship between the depth and the appearance of the phase-only hologram. As a result, phase-only holograms generated with the proposed network can reconstruct images with around 25-dB PSNR. |
8,616 | Please write an abstract with title: Two-Stream Compare and Contrast Network for Vertebral Compression Fracture Diagnosis, and key words: Task analysis, Feature extraction, Cancer, Streaming media, Weight control, Shape, Medical diagnostic imaging. Abstract: Differentiating Vertebral Compression Fractures (VCFs) associated with trauma and osteoporosis (benign VCFs) or those caused by metastatic cancer (malignant VCFs) is critically important for treatment decisions. So far, automatic VCFs diagnosis is solved in a two-step manner, i.e., first identify VCFs and then classify them into benign or malignant. In this paper, we explore to model VCFs diagnosis as a three-class classification problem, i.e., normal vertebrae, benign VCFs, and malignant VCFs. However, VCFs recognition and classification require very different features, and both tasks are characterized by high intra-class variation and high inter-class similarity. Moreover, the dataset is extremely class-imbalanced. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel Two-Stream Compare and Contrast Network (TSCCN) for VCFs diagnosis. This network consists of two streams, a recognition stream which learns to identify VCFs through comparing and contrasting between adjacent vertebrae, and a classification stream which compares and contrasts between intra-class and inter-class to learn features for fine-grained classification. The two streams are integrated via a learnable weight control module which adaptively sets their contribution. TSCCN is evaluated on a dataset consisting of 239 VCFs patients and achieves the average sensitivity and specificity of 92.56% and 96.29%, respectively. |
8,617 | Please write an abstract with title: Full-stage Reentry Trajectory Optimization for Reusable Launch Vehicle, and key words: Trajectory optimization, Convergence, Mathematical model, Performance analysis. Abstract: In this paper, full-stage reentry trajectory optimization for the reusable launch vehicle from 120km to ground is investigated. The full-stage trajectory is optimized stage by stage with the sufficient consideration of properties in different phases. The proposed trajectory optimization strategy solves the problem of state discontinuous at multi-segment trajectory switching points. For the initial reentry phase, a sequential convex programming with variable trust region method is developed to improve the convergence efficiency of the algorithm. For the terminal area energy management phase, a reference dynamic pressure profile is designed to solve the attack angle, while the bank angle is determined by tracking the ground trajectory. For the approach and landing phase, we proposed a method which can generate reference geometry based on quasi-equilibrium glide and exponential descent subphase, respectively. The secant line method is used to determine the height of the contact points and ensure the smooth transition between the two subphases. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the efficiency of the proposed method. |
8,618 | Please write an abstract with title: Multimodal Multiresolution Data Fusion Using Convolutional Neural Networks for IoT Wearable Sensing, and key words: Sensor fusion, Convolutional neural networks, Sleep apnea, Wearable sensors, Electrocardiography, Sensor phenomena and characterization. Abstract: With advances in circuit design and sensing technology, the acquisition of data from a large number of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors simultaneously to enable more accurate inferences has become mainstream. In this work, we propose a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) model for the fusion of multimodal and multiresolution data obtained from several sensors. The proposed model enables the fusion of multiresolution sensor data, without having to resort to padding/ resampling to correct for frequency resolution differences even when carrying out temporal inferences like high-resolution event detection. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated for sleep apnea event detection, by fusing three different sensor signals obtained from UCD St. Vincent University Hospital’s sleep apnea database. The proposed model is generalizable and this is demonstrated by incremental performance improvements, proportional to the number of sensors used for fusion. A selective dropout technique is used to prevent overfitting of the model to any specific high-resolution input, and increase the robustness of fusion to signal corruption from any sensor source. A fusion model with electrocardiogram (ECG), Peripheral oxygen saturation signal (SpO2), and abdominal movement signal achieved an accuracy of 99.72% and a sensitivity of 98.98%. Energy per classification of the proposed fusion model was estimated to be approximately 5.61 $\mu$J for on-chip implementation. The feasibility of pruning to reduce the complexity of the fusion models was also studied. |
8,619 | Please write an abstract with title: Effects of mode conversion in acoustooptical modulation, and key words: Optical beams, Optical modulation, Optical scattering, Laser beams, Light scattering, Amplitude modulation, Laser modes, Optical fiber communication, Receiving antennas, Optical pulses. Abstract: The conversion of a Gaussian laser beam into higher order optical beam modes through acoustooptical modulation is treated. In particular the effects of this conversion in an optical communications system are described with emphasis placed on the actual signal received by a distant antenna rather than on the total power scattered. For the special case of pulse amplitude modulation, which is considered in detail, the received optical signal displays phase modulation as well as the impressed amplitude modulation. The relative importance of the two effects depends strongly on the location of the receiving aperture in the far field of the transmitted beam. An experiment in which 10.6-μ, laser light is scattered by a germanium acoustooptical modulator is described. The results of the experiment compare well with the predictions of the above analysis. |
8,620 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance evaluations of DCCP for bursty traffic in real-time applications, and key words: Bandwidth, Communication system traffic control, Internet, Transport protocols, Telecommunication traffic, Traffic control, TCPIP, Video compression, Videoconference, Streaming media. Abstract: The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) has been proposed as a transport protocol which supports real-time traffic using window-based flow control. We investigate the DCCP performance for various traffic flows, focusing on how DCCP flows affect TCP flows and vice versa. Through those simulations, we examine an unfair bandwidth distribution problem caused by the incompatibility of DCCP with the fast recovery algorithm of TCP. |
8,621 | Please write an abstract with title: Bragg Peak Detection Using Compatible Mother Wavelet on Oceanographic HF Radar Signals, and key words: Discrete wavelet transform, peak detection, HF radar, Doppler spectra, mother wavelet selection. Abstract: High-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) has been proven as a long-range sensor for estimating the sea state. The coupling between radar wave and dynamic sea surface produces the Bragg components in the Doppler space of received signals. These components contain the sea-state information, which can be extracted by using an inversion algorithm. However, the dense traffic and any natural phenomena on the HF spectrum cause the received signal to be mixed up with clutters and interference, sometimes overlap in time, frequency, and Doppler domain. This research considered the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) to decompose the radar signal and highlight the Bragg peaks. The choice of mother wavelet highly influences the wavelet. Thus, the scrutiny was initialized by selecting the mother wavelet as reported in this paper. The results show the 6-order Daubechies (db6) and 3–5 pairs of biorthogonal (bior3.5) functions at level 3 of DWT can detect the proper position of Bragg peaks. |
8,622 | Please write an abstract with title: Accelerated adaptive stability control of the fractional-order MEMS resonator, and key words: Micromechanical devices, Acceleration, Stability analysis, Backstepping, Adaptive systems, Explosions, Analog circuits. Abstract: In this paper, an accelerated adaptive stability controller based on the Chebyshev neural network (CNN) is devised to restrain chaotic oscillation and improve the dynamic performance of the fractional-order (FO) MEMS resonators. Firstly, the dynamic equation of the FO MEMS resonator is established. Secondly, the phase diagrams are presented to reveal the dynamic behaviors of the FO MEMS resonator. Then, an analog circuit of the MEMS resonator is constructed. During the design of the acceleration adaptive stability controller, the speed function, tracking differential (TD) and CNN are integrated into the technical framework of backstepping to realize the acceleration convergence, suppression of complex item explosion and unknown term approximation. In the last, simulation results illustrate that the designed controller can suppress chaotic oscillation and accelerated convergence. |
8,623 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Real-Time Hand Gestural Recognition for Non-Verbal Communication with Tabletop Robot Haru, and key words: Training, Motion segmentation, Fingers, Human-robot interaction, Machine learning, Gesture recognition, Real-time systems. Abstract: In this paper, we present our work in close-distance non-verbal communication with tabletop robot Haru through hand gestural interaction. We implemented a novel hand gestural understanding system by training a machine-learning architecture for real-time hand gesture recognition with the Leap Motion. The proposed system is activated based on the velocity of a user's palm and index finger movement, and subsequently labels the detected movement segments under an early classification scheme. Our system is able to combine multiple gesture labels for recognition of consecutive gestures without clear movement boundaries. System evaluation is conducted on data simulating real human-robot interaction conditions, taking into account relevant performance variables such as movement style, timing and posture. Our results show robustness in hand gesture classification performance under variant conditions. We furthermore examine system behavior under sequential data input, paving the way towards seamless and natural real-time close-distance hand-gestural communication in the future. |
8,624 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint decision-directed feedback multiuser channel gain and delay estimation for DS-CDMA uplink, and key words: Multiuser channels, Delay estimation, Multiaccess communication, Frequency estimation, Jitter, Parameter estimation, Multipath channels, Mathematical analysis, Feedback loop, Analysis of variance. Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of channel parameter estimation for uplink direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system. A frequency-selective multipath channel is considered, and a feedback (FB) structure to jointly estimate path delays and complex gains is developed. The proposed algorithms are extensions of those from , where only path-delay estimation is considered. In the current paper, a detailed mathematical analysis of the coupling between the different parallel feedback loops is carried out. From this analysis, results are derived pertaining to system dynamics and jitter variance. Furthermore, a novel operating mode, called improved decision-directed (IDD), is proposed as an improvement of the standard decision-directed (DD) mode. The resulting performance will be measured in terms of mean-square estimation errors (MSEEs) and benchmarked against the corresponding modified Crame/spl acute/r-Rao bounds (MCRBs). Finally, the impact of the accuracy of the estimated complex gains on the jitter of the path delay trackers (and vice versa) is investigated. |
8,625 | Please write an abstract with title: ‘Embedded Systems" international master’s programme, and key words: Embedded systems, Research and development, Industries, Europe, Software, Tools, Stakeholders. Abstract: The paper describes the "Embedded systems" international masters' educational program from the first implementation steps until the final version. The motivation of the program development was to produce the high-quality engineers for the industry, with the knowledge of English in addition to native Russian language, abilities to implement the projects, work in international project teams and study in international student groups. These skills are valuable for modern Russian industrial companies. The groups on this program are composed of the students from Russia, France and Finland. Paper shows the implementation of CDIO approach as the framework for implementing the whole program in accordance with these educational standards, provides the description of a new integrated curriculum, short description of a new dedicated workspace. Each of the components of the implementation of the new program provided us with a valuable experience that we want to share in this paper. In this paper, we describe in details our experience of implementation of the modern international masters' program in the university from Russian Federation. Our experience could be of use for other university management, faculty and the students, who intends to follow the modern trends in education. |
8,626 | Please write an abstract with title: Compound Critiques for Conversational Recommender Systems, and key words: Recommender systems, Feedback, Information retrieval, Machine learning, Read-write memory, Computer science, Educational institutions, User centered design, Adaptive filters, Information filtering. Abstract: Recommender systems bring together ideas from information retrieval and filtering, user profiling, adaptive interfaces and machine learning in an attempt to offer users more personalized and responsive search systems. Conversational recommenders guide a user through a sequence of iterations, suggesting specific items, and using feedback from users to refine their suggestions in subsequent iterations. Different recommender systems look for different types of feedback from users. In this paper we examine the role of critiquing, a form of feedback in which the user indicates a preference over a particular feature of a recommended item. For example, when shopping for a PC a user might indicate that they like the current suggestion but they are looking for something "cheaper"; "cheaper" is a critique over the price feature of the PC case. Sometimes it is useful to critique multiple features simultaneously (compound critiques). In this paper we describe how a recommender can automatically discover useful compound critiques during the recommendation session and how these critiques can be used to improve recommendation efficiency. |
8,627 | Please write an abstract with title: TSA-Based Optimization to Frequency Regulator of DFIGs to Improve Power System Transient Stability, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Regulators, Doubly fed induction generators, Power system stability, Stability analysis, Frequency control, Optimization. Abstract: Frequency regulation with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) may improve power systems stability, but setting the control parameters based on time-domain analysis is boring. This paper newly derives the trajectory sensitivities of system dynamic response with respect to the parameters of the DFIG. The sensitivities are included in an optimization model to set the frequency regulator of the DFIG to alleviate oscillation of the mechanical power of synchronous generators. The simulation results validate the accuracy of the sensitivities. It is found that the optimized parameter improves the angular and frequency stabilities of the power systems. |
8,628 | Please write an abstract with title: Intelligent design of power transmission lines based on 3D GIS, and key words: Power transmission lines, Geographic Information Systems, Power system dynamics, Information systems, Power systems, Optimization methods, Biological cells, Poles and towers, Power transmission, Intelligent networks. Abstract: The latest technology of 3D GIS (Geographical Information System) is introduced into power systems to build a practical platform. On the platform an intelligent design and other applications would be realized. With the DEM data and other geographical information, a method based on a knowledge based GA was presented to optimize the route for power transmission lines, and a new dynamic representation structure of chromosomes was given. As a result, an optimized route was found in an actual line corridor of 40 km /spl times/ 5 km. After spotting towers with an existing automatic method, the main body of DPTN (digital power transmission network) can be built intelligently. |
8,629 | Please write an abstract with title: Models of integration of higher education management information systems, and key words: Information science, Education, Data integration, Management information systems, Big Data applications, Data models, Real-time systems. Abstract: This article discusses the problems of automating business processes in higher educational institutions, the development and implementation of high education management information systems, a model for integrating data, applications and information systems. The main capabilities and role of the high education management information systems in higher educational institutions are presented. The methods of internal and external data integration between various information systems are described |
8,630 | Please write an abstract with title: Institute Notes, and key words: Heating systems, Floors, Turbines, Telephone sets, Reactive power, Power transmission, Oils. Abstract: The Bernard Price Memorial Lecture was presented by Mr F. J. Lane at the Athenaeum on 8th October. There were 75 members and visitors present at the meeting which was attended also by the President of the Institute, Mr A. A. Middlecote. |
8,631 | Please write an abstract with title: A Critical Region Search Based Distributed Coordination Algorithm for Integrated Electric and District Heating System Dispatch, and key words: Uncertainty, Simulation, Programming, Wind power generation, Search problems, Convex functions, Power systems. Abstract: Integrated electric and district heating systems (IEHSs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Due to data privacy, it is challenging to exchange detailed topology or operation states between electric power system (EPS) and district heating system (DHS), so it is necessary to carry out distributed coordination optimization for the IEHS dispatch problem. In this paper, based on multi-parametric programming, a critical region search (CRS)-based distributed coordination algorithm is proposed for the IEHS dispatch problem, which considers the boundary variables as the parameters of subproblems. To circumvent the "curse of dimensionality" in traditional multi-parametric programming, the CRS-based distributed algorithm does not construct the entire critical region but iteratively finds the desired region. During the CRS process, the coefficient matrix of the subproblem’s KKT equations can be singular, so this paper further proposes a method of quickly finding the maximal linearly independent group to solve the problem of the singular coefficient matrix. Simulation results show that the iterative times of the proposed algorithm are significantly reduced compared with the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm, the auxiliary problem principle algorithm, and adaptive step-size ADMM algorithm and it also has better convergence than the heterogeneous decomposition and new heterogeneous decomposition method. |
8,632 | Please write an abstract with title: Chain of Ownership - A Solution to Reduce Land Forgery through a Transparent Land Ownership Portal, and key words: Privacy, Position measurement, Forgery, Delays, Stakeholders, Portals. Abstract: Sri Lanka (SL) is a nation fighting with corruption and fraud, suffering from no viable solution to eliminate land fraud. It has been a longstanding barrier for land utilization, especially after the 30-year post-war situation. There have been continuous delays and access difficulties for lengthy searches regarding the land folios from the land registry. There are acres of lands that are unutilized and under-utilized, which could otherwise generate capital income for the country. The increasing land fraud has impacted not only the country’s revenue but also the lives of victims who have been unable to prove the ownership of their lands which in return, has become a serious global concern. Although the United Nations (UN) has funded in projects across multiple countries, among which Sri Lanka was also one of them, according to the reports submitted to the UN, the performance has been unsatisfactory.The Chain of Ownership is a solution to reduce land forgery prevailing within the country by presenting a transparent land ownership portal; taking the citizen’s privacy in concern and designing a solution for the outstanding problem. The proposed solution will ensure seamless and convenient access to land information to expedite and efficiently help proceed with land transfers and registrations involving the necessary stakeholders during the process. Further, all documents are guaranteed to be maintained as softcopies regardless of being obsolete and will secure against each land parcel, as a historical record. The solution also has the potential to elevate Sri Lanka’s position in the ‘Doing Business’ indicator measured by the UN, upon improving access and transparency over the land registration information and the trust of the general public through this portal. |
8,633 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved Current Dynamics of Proportional-Integral-Resonant Controller for a Dual Three-Phase FSPM Machine, and key words: Harmonic analysis, PI control, Resonant frequency, Closed loop systems, Current control, Resistance, Power harmonic filters. Abstract: Resonant controllers are commonly used in parallel with proportional-integral controllers in the current control of multiphase machines and other three-phase drives where current harmonics need elimination. However, additional oscillatory and slow poles arise with the resonant controllers, resulting in a degradation in both reference tracking and disturbance rejection. In this article, an improved current control scheme with a discrete-time PI-resonant controller is proposed for a dual three-phase flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine to eliminate the current unbalance and harmonics. First, a partial prefilter is used in the resonant controller path, yielding a pole-zero cancelation for the resonant poles in the closed-loop system; thus, the oscillation in command response becomes negligible. Then, the active resistance method is employed to improve the low-frequency disturbance rejection, and the resonant poles are damped with a pole-placement strategy. Finally, the experimental results on a dual three-phase FSPM machine validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can be extended to other ac drives for harmonic suppression. |
8,634 | Please write an abstract with title: A new CDMA architecture based on complementary codes enabling isotropic MAI-free operation, and key words: Multiaccess communication, Bandwidth, Wireless communication, Semiconductor device measurement, Mobile communication, Web and internet services, Spread spectrum communication, 3G mobile communication, Gold, Correlators. Abstract: Future wireless communication systems ought to offer a high spectral efficiency and an inherent flexibility to carry diverse services with variable rate requirements. The rate change should be made scalable, continuous and real-time based to match exactly to the required data rate for conservation of precious bandwidth. The rate change in multiples of two, as implemented in the existing 3G W-CDMA standard, is undesirable. It is also preferred that the multiple access technique itself should support asymmetrical traffic in up- and down-links to fit connection modes of the Internet services. This paper is a review of our recent research effort to propose an innovative CDMA architecture based on complete complementary codes, which can satisfy major requirements for the future mobile Internet applications. The architecture uses a new "offset stacked" spreading technique, based on which both high spectral efficiency and scalable rate-matching are guaranteed. To measure spectral efficiency of the systems, "spreading efficiency" (SE) is defined as the information bit(s) conveyed by each chip. All traditional CDMA-based standards offer an SE of 1/N, where N is the processing gain. On the contrary, the SE of the proposed architecture can be made as high as one. As the bandwidth of a CDMA system is determined by its chip width, a high SE means a high spectral efficiency. This paper illustrates that the proposed scheme is well-performing and has a great potential for applications in future wireless communications beyond 3G. |
8,635 | Please write an abstract with title: A Robust End-To-End Information Extraction System for Vietnamese Identity Cards, and key words: Feature extraction, Text recognition, Computer architecture, Data mining, Image segmentation, Optical character recognition software, Computational modeling. Abstract: These days, automatic information extraction from identity documents is essential for many applications which require users authentication. In previous researches, this task was carried out by using image processing. However, the document identity recognition from images captured by smartphones encounters problems such as various backgrounds, perspective, blurring. Moreover, some cards may have dated backgrounds and diverse fonts printed manually by old typewriters. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an end-to-end system for extracting information from the Vietnamese identity cards captured by camera devices. Firstly, the ID card is aligned with the standard aspect ratio and orientation based on corner detection and national emblem detection. The proposed solution can locate and crop precisely the foreground target area of the oriented ID card in various contexts. In the text localization stage, a deep convolutional neural network model is used to bounding the required texts which are then classified by their positions. Finally, the text recognition is implemented based on the Attention OCR architecture. In experiments, this proposed method reduces processing time in comparison with the state of the art and the average accuracy achieved is higher 91%. |
8,636 | Please write an abstract with title: Structuring Light to Rotate Optical Turing Patterns and Solitons, and key words: Optical diffraction, Optical vortices, Optical solitons, Media, Optical pumping, Angular velocity, Orbits. Abstract: The interplay of diffraction and self-focussing nonlinearity in an optical cavity results in the formation of spatial Turing patterns. Using helically-phased pumps, the patterns form on rings and rotate. We show how fully-structured light can be used to gain precise control over the rotation speed. |
8,637 | Please write an abstract with title: Instance-Based Ensemble Selection Using Deep Reinforcement Learning, and key words: Learning (artificial intelligence), Training, Task analysis, Predictive models, Neural networks, Machine learning, History. Abstract: Ensemble selection is a very active research topic in machine learning area. It aims to achieve a better performance by selecting a proper subset of the original ensemble, which is essentially a searching problem in large combinatorial spaces. In this paper, we propose an instance-based reinforcement learning (IBRL) model, that selects distinct subsets for different instances. Specifically, we use deep Q-network to approximate the optimal policy. Rather than considering the overall performance of each classifier, the network learns from the feedback of classifiers on individual instance, so that it generates non-static subsets for different instances. Experiments are conducted to compare our model against state-of-the-art approaches for both selection and combination. The proposed method generates promising results and it shows exceptional advantage in large scale distributed environment. Due to the environment-free characteristic of reinforcement learning, our model is adaptable to various real world tasks with minimal changes. |
8,638 | Please write an abstract with title: Distinguishing ischemic from non-ischemic ST changes: the Physionet/Computers in Cardiology Challenge 2003, and key words: Cardiology, Ischemic pain, Myocardium, Electrocardiography, Blood flow, Heart, Information science, Standards development, Training data, Arteries. Abstract: Accurate diagnosis of myocardial ischemia during activities of daily living, if possible, would provide immediate and substantial benefits to affected subjects, by reducing the time needed to determine and evaluate therapeutic interventions intended to reduce or eliminate transient ischemia. Although ST changes provide a sensitive indicator of ischemia, a variety of non-ischemic mechanisms can also result in ST changes, so that ECG-based diagnosis of ischemia is regarded as non-specific and unreliable. It may be possible, by study of the dynamics of ST changes, to improve the specificity of ECG criteria consistent with ischemia. The fourth annual PhysioNet/Computers in Cardiology Challenge encouraged participants to develop and evaluate methods for distinguishing ischemic and non-ischemic ST changes using a standard, meticulously annotated data set. The training data provided to participants, and the algorithms they developed, are available at http://-www.physionet.org/challenge/2003/. |
8,639 | Please write an abstract with title: An Attitude Control Design of Quadrotors Based on Gauss Error Function with SO(3) as Attitude Representation, and key words: Attitude control, Control design, Numerical simulation. Abstract: This paper studies the attitude control of quadrotor UAVs and proposes a control design that is based on the special orthogonal group SO(3) and the Gaussian error function. The approach begins with considering the attitude discrepancy between the initial value and the target and adopts the virtual control design technique up to the point where the actual control emerges. The appealing features of Gaussian error function are also exploited amid the procedure to facilitate the design. The effectiveness of the scheme is validated through numerical simulations. |
8,640 | Please write an abstract with title: Hot topic session: RF design technology for highly integrated communication systems, and key words: Radio frequency, Signal design, System testing, Transceivers, Filters, Hardware, Europe, Wireless communication, Wireless LAN, Phase locked loops. Abstract: The characteristics of highly integrated high-speed data-transmission-systems for near future communication standards are high mobility, low power, reliability, high performance, low cost and short development time. Recent available RF development tools do not allow the efficient design of tailored, well partitioned, highly integrated, high data rate communication systems targeting up to 6 GHz carrier frequency. Reasons for this are the missing flexibility and accuracy in the hierarchical design process from system down to physical level. In this paper, representatives of system houses, a leading EDA provider, and a silicon foundry introduce and discuss the challenges related to the specific areas. Considering the market relevance of high data rate wireless communication systems, the missing overall design technology today is a real hot topic. Suggestions on how to improve the existing situation, addressing the design technology as a whole, is discussed. Depending on the representatives perspective, converging requirements are worked out and non-converging requirements are debated in a controversial manner. |
8,641 | Please write an abstract with title: Replacement of a lift sensor by a model based lift observer, and key words: Valves, Pressure control, TV, Mechanical sensors, Equations, Power generation, Stress control, Pressure measurement, Voltage, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Abstract: Due to extreme mechanical stress during bypass operation the lift sensors of the IP (intermediate pressure) bypass station of a major lignite fired power plant frequently broke down. The failure of the sensors resulted in immediate problems handling the pressure control of the IP bypass station and thus the operation of the whole plant. In order to ensure availability of the IP bypass control under the existing stress conditions, an alternative controller concept was developed. Instead of using the directly measured value of the lift, the output of a model based observer is used. This observer approximates the real valve lift by making use of pressure measurements which are readily available. The concept was implemented on site and showed a satisfactory performance. |
8,642 | Please write an abstract with title: The low-frequency problem in the design of microwave gyrators and associated elements, and key words: Gyrators, Microwave devices, Ferrite devices, Microwave frequencies, Microwave circuits, Anisotropic magnetoresistance, Resonant frequency, Magnetic resonance, Isolators, Circulators. Abstract: The introduction of ferrite microwave circuit elements has allowed considerable simplification in the realization of many system functions. However, to date practical low loss ferrite devices have not been built to operate at frequencies below 3,000 mc. Many problems arise when one attempts to build devices to operate below this frequency. Some of these problems arise from the fact that mechanisms of loss occur in the ferrites at lower frequencies which are negligible at the higher microwave frequencies. In addition, at frequencies below 1,000 mc, one can seldom neglect the existence of internal anisotropy fields in the ferrite materials. The most fundamental limitation to the operation of ferrite devices at very low microwave frequencies, however, is that one is approaching the relaxation frequency for ferromagnetic resonance, and as a result the performance of all ferrite microwave devices must deteriorate at sufficiently low frequencies, regardless of whether one assumes a ferrite whose other properties are ideal. All these problems are discussed and quantitative expressions are obtained for the ultimate low-frequency limitation of ferrite isolators, circulators, and microwave gyrators. |
8,643 | Please write an abstract with title: LCL Filter based Grid-tied Converter with Single Current Sensor Approach, and key words: Costs, Simulation, Estimation, Prototypes, Filtering algorithms, Inverters, Power system reliability. Abstract: This work is dedicated to implementing a LCL filter-based grid-tied converter with a reduced sensor approach. A conventional system requires two grid-side current sensors, two capacitor-side voltage sensors, and two inverter-side current sensors. This paper has proposed a novel method that leads to a substantial reduction of the sensor. In this method, a single grid-side current sensor is required to perform the control methodology. In this technique, the grid current reference in the d-q axis is used for estimation of grid current in ß axis. As an outcome, the size, weight, cost, and complexity of the system are reduced. A comparative assessment is performed between the proposed system and the conventional system. The system offers a cost-efficient solution for grid integration. The proposed system is validated by simulation results obtained from Matlab/Simulink platform. |
8,644 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and performance of an EMCCD based detector for combined SPECT/CT imaging, and key words: Computed tomography, Spatial resolution, High-resolution imaging, Optical imaging, Optical noise, X-ray detection, X-ray detectors, Optical fiber devices, Gamma ray detection, Gamma ray detectors. Abstract: We have designed and developed a very high sensitivity detector for near-simultaneous SPECT/CT imaging of small animals. The detector is based on a back-thinned electron multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) bonded to a fiberoptic window, and optically coupled to a high resolution, high efficiency, very thick microcolumnar CsI(Tl) scintillator via a fiberoptic taper. In addition to the low noise and high spatial resolution inherent to CCDs, the EMCCD provides controllable internal gain, which minimizes read noise even when the device is operated at high frame rates. This allows the detection of incident gamma-ray/X-ray radiation with high spatial resolution and enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The use of thick microcolumnar CsI(Tl) offers high detection efficiency for gamma-ray/X-ray radiation while maintaining a high spatial resolution. This combination of the EMCCD and the CsI(Tl) scintillator has resulted in a unique detector that can be employed for near simultaneous functional (SPECT) and anatomical (X-ray CT) imaging at a reduced cost. The design and evaluation of the detector are discussed in this paper |
8,645 | Please write an abstract with title: A New Method of Pulsar Candidate Detection Based on Bagging, and key words: Support vector machines, Sensitivity, Automation, Simulation, Neural networks, Manuals, Feature extraction. Abstract: As the sensitivity of detection equipment increases, it is necessary to select pulsar signals from a large number of candidates. In order to solve the disadvantages of large workload and low efficiency of traditional manual screening, a pulsar candidate detection method using Bagging algorithm is proposed. In this paper, nine features are extracted on the basis of pulsar cumulative contours, and the bagging algorithm is used to detect the observed candidate signals. Simulation experiments verily the effectiveness of this method. |
8,646 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of lightning induced transients on power interfaces for aircraft avionics systems, and key words: Aerospace electronics, Lightning, Aircraft, Power system transients, Wiring, Wire, Circuit breakers, Vehicles, Electronic equipment, Aluminum. Abstract: A study was conducted to investigate lightning induced transient behavior on aircraft power systems and avionics power interfaces. Experiments were performed on a large aluminum ground plane with a wiring network and loads representative of the power system. The electrical power bus was found to suppress the transient coupling originating in the power feeder and power source to some degree. Several wiring types and grounding schemes for power connections to avionics equipment were investigated. Certain configurations were found to offer some benefit. Considerations for qualification testing of the power interfaces are discussed. |
8,647 | Please write an abstract with title: Mitigation of nonlinear impairments from semiconductor optical amplifiers using an optical equalizer, and key words: Semiconductor optical amplifiers, Nonlinear optics, Stimulated emission, Equalizers, Optical distortion, Optical filters, Optical interferometry, Optical saturation, Fiber nonlinear optics, Bit error rate. Abstract: We demonstrate and study significant improvements in the measured bit-error rates of 40-Gb/s signals distorted after passing through a single and a cascade of two semiconductor optical amplifiers by using a simple colorless optical equalizer. |
8,648 | Please write an abstract with title: FlagLoc: Localization Using a Flag for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks with Measurement Errors, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Three-dimensional displays, Robot sensing systems, Two dimensional displays, Conferences, Topology. Abstract: Indoor, underground, or underwater three-dimensional (3D) localization provides fundamental support to the applications of mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In these applications, a single robot cannot work, as there are no GPS signals and few references for the robot to loalizae itself in the large in-door spaces. Existing in-door localization approaches usually rely on the projection of the 3D topology graph onto a horizontal plane. Such projection is infeasible in a narrow vertical space, either, since it requires three location-known nodes, called anchors, as reference nodes on a large horizontal plane. In this paper, we propose a new distributed 3D localization protocol, FlagLoc, for the mobile WSNs. FlagLoc uses a flag that is composed of three anchor nodes on a plane of any angle to start the localization and to lead the network motion of a mobile WSN. Furthermore, FlagLoc compensates for distance and motion measurement errors. The evaluation shows that FlagLoc significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art schemes in terms of accuracy. |
8,649 | Please write an abstract with title: Timely Communications With and Without Relaying and Buffering, and key words: Relays, Communication systems, Wireless sensor networks, Throughput, Real-time systems, Delays. Abstract: In this article, we consider the timeliness of information transmissions in a three-node industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN) in terms of Age of Information (AoI). In this network, a sensor monitors the ambient environment and transmits the sensed information to a remote monitor directly or through a relay node. In particular, we are interested in how the timeliness of the system is changed by decomposing the long-distance transmission with a relay and by enabling parallel transmissions over the two hops with a packet buffer. To this end, we derive the average AoIs of the transmissions over the direct-link, the relay-links with and without a buffer in a closed form. The obtained results show that the relay-link with a buffer outperforms the other two links, while the relay-link without a buffer outperforms the direct-link only if the relay is properly placed and the sensor–monitor distance is relatively large. On the condition that the average transmission times over the direct-link and the relay-link without a buffer are equal, we further evaluate how fast the average AoI can be reduced by using a relay or a packet buffer, as the packet rate approaches the maximum feasible rate over the links. It is shown that, although the sensor–monitor distance dominates the average AoIs of the links, the gains of using the relay and the buffer do not change much with the distance and are approximately constant. |
8,650 | Please write an abstract with title: State of Health Estimation using Machine Learning for Li-ion battery on Electric Vehicles, and key words: Lithium-ion batteries, Degradation, Temperature, NASA, Machine learning, Predictive models, Aging. Abstract: Prognostics in State of Health (SoH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) holds high importance in ensuring the reliability and safe electrification of battery systems such as in mobile electronic devices, electric vehicles (EVs), and grid battery energy storage systems (BESS). However, due to reasons such as the SoH dependency on a chain of historical data, both internal and external to the battery systems, the SoH estimation is not directly measured. Indirectly, several electrochemical in-situ measurement methods are employed as non-destructive determination of SoH such as ICA, DVA, and EIS, yet forming more post-mortem type of analysis. Alternatively, the machine learning (ML) techniques in data mining for predictions shown high caliber in unambiguously identifying the multi-scale, multi-factorial and complex degradation patterns of LIBs. This work investigates a couple of ML techniques, FNN and LSTM models, to train on a dataset on LIB degradation profiles and improve them for SoH predictions on new battery aging cycles. Here, a publicly available dataset at NASA website has used to train the models. Further, it is expected to explore the performance and the reliability of the LSTM for SoH predictions and plans to extend the solution for other types of batteries. |
8,651 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Koopman Operators for Systems with Isolated Critical Points, and key words: Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Convergence, Trajectory, Generators, Linear systems. Abstract: The Koopman operator provides a way to transform a (potentially) nonlinear finite-dimensional dynamical system into an infinite-dimensional linear system by lifting the nonlinear state dynamics into a functional space of observables, where the dynamics are linear. Previous literature has claimed that it is not possible to represent nonlinear dynamics with multiple isolated critical points if the set of observables is finite and contains the state; more precisely, such a set cannot be invariant under the Koopman operator. In this paper, we investigate this claim in more detail and provide an analytical counterexample to disprove it. We also consider the convergence of discrete-time Koopman approximation error to the continuous-time error: we show both how this convergence occurs in general and how it can fail for systems with multiple isolated critical points. In particular, discontinuities in Koopman observables at the boundaries of basins of attraction may cause the continuous-time error to diverge; the discrete-time error also suffers from this as the sampling time step goes to zero. |
8,652 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural Network Model Obfuscation through Adversarial Training, and key words: Training, Deep learning, Limiting, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Transfer learning, Task analysis. Abstract: With the increased commercialization of deep learning (DL) models, there is also a growing need to protect them from illicit usage. For cost- and ease of deployment reasons it is becoming increasingly common to run DL models on the hardware of third parties. Although there are some hardware mechanisms, such as Trusted Execution Environments (TEE), to protect sensitive data, their availability is still limited and not well suited to resource demanding tasks, like DL models, that benefit from hardware accelerators. In this work, we make model stealing more difficult, presenting a novel way to divide up a DL model, with the main part on normal infrastructure and a small part in a remote TEE, and train it using adversarial techniques. In initial experiments on image classification models for the Fashion MNIST and CIFAR 10 datasets, we observed that this obfuscation protection makes it significantly more difficult for an adversary to leverage the exposed model components. |
8,653 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic Characteristics of the Chain Drive System of Scraper Conveyor Based on the Speed Difference, and key words: Monitoring, Mathematical model, Magnetic heads, Load modeling, Employee welfare, Coal mining, Faces. Abstract: The scraper conveyor is the unique transport equipment in coal mining face. Its chain drive system is the core subsystem. The dynamic characteristics of the chain drive system need monitoring for a safe mining. Existing monitoring methods include controlling the chain tension, chain speed and motor current. However, the above-mentioned methods have many disadvantages, such as difficult and costly to implement in mining face, due to the poor working environment and the limitations of the scraper conveyor's structure. This study proposes a monitoring method for the dynamic characteristics of the scraper conveyor on the basis of the speed difference between the head and the tail sprockets. Such an initiative is carried out to study the dynamic characteristics of the scraper conveyor under real working conditions and describe its running state. The speed difference of the head and tail sprockets under different chain speeds, terrains, and loads is monitored and studied. Research results show that the average and maximum speed differences are 0.797% and 0.990%, respectively. Due to the complex terrain, the tighter the scraper chain gets, the smaller the difference of the rotational speed is, compared with the flat working condition. The speed difference under load greatly increases compared with no load. Research results provide data support for the research of the chain drive system dynamics of the scraper conveyor. These results will also provide a new idea for the monitoring of the operating state of the scraper conveyor. |
8,654 | Please write an abstract with title: InSAR coherence optimisation using second kind statistics, and key words: Synthetic aperture radar interferometry, Statistics, Coherence, Probability density function, Computer vision, Parameter estimation, Synthetic aperture radar, Statistical analysis, Communications technology, Testing. Abstract: We present an optimization of the estimated interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coherence, that we had presented in IGARSS'01, which is based on a binary mixture modelisation of the coherence images. The proposed approach is based on a second kind statistics defined as the Mellin-transform of its probability density function (pdf). The Mellin transform of coherence pdf is then computed analytically. It will serve for interferogram parameters estimation by zone growing. Results are validated on a test zone of highly energetic relief (Mustang). |
8,655 | Please write an abstract with title: A structure-preserving energy function for a static series synchronous compensator, and key words: Power system transients, Power system stability, Control systems, Lyapunov method, System testing, Power system control, Static VAr compensators, Power systems, Electricity supply industry deregulation, Damping. Abstract: It is currently not possible to effectively apply direct methods for transient stability assessment in general multimachine systems incorporating Static Series Synchronous Compensators (SSSCs) because present energy functions do not involve SSSC actions. This paper presents a way to incorporate the transient stability augmentation action of an SSSC into an energy function for multimachine systems. We first assessed damping control strategies for an SSSC using the control Lyapunov function theory. After making some assumptions a new term of a structure-preserving energy function (SPEF) that represents an SSSCs energy function was constructed. This term can simply be added to any existing SPEF. The extended SPEF was tested in longitudinal and IEEE nine-bus test systems. A comparison between critical clearing times (CCTs) acquired directly and those obtained by time simulation results show that the proposed SSSCs energy function is suitable and a proper CCT can be obtained. |
8,656 | Please write an abstract with title: Finite Element Method Applied to Skin-Effect Problems in Strip Transmission Lines, and key words: Finite element methods, Strips, Transmission lines, Distributed parameter circuits, Magnetic analysis, Very large scale integration, Printed circuits, Magnetic domains, Magnetic shielding, Frequency domain analysis. Abstract: This paper describes a two-dimensional finite element approach to the quasi-static TEM analysis of shielded or open conducting strips with applications to VLSI parasitic elements and transmission line characteristics of printed circuits. The approach uses a combination of two-dimensional and one-dimensional finite elements to solve the field problems in terms of the magnetic vector potential in the frequency domain. The method and the algorithm can be applied to shielded or open conducting strips and takes into account the skin effect and proximity effect between structures. The ac resistance and reactance calculated by rising this approach can be used as input parameters to a circuit analysis program such as SPICE or similar programs. |
8,657 | Please write an abstract with title: CatARact: Simulating Cataracts in Augmented Reality, and key words: Cataracts, Design methodology, Computational modeling, Surgery, Planning, Personnel, Augmented reality. Abstract: For our society to be more inclusive and accessible, the more than 2.2 billion people worldwide with limited vision should be considered more frequently in design decisions, such as architectural planning. To help architects in evaluating their designs and give medical personnel some insight on how patients experience cataracts, we worked with ophthalmologists to develop the first medically-informed, pilot-studied simulation of cataracts in eye-tracked augmented reality (AR). To test our methodology and simulation, we conducted a pilot study with cataract patients between surgeries of their two cataract-affected eyes. Participants compared the vision of their corrected eye, viewing through simulated cataracts, to that of their still affected eye, viewing an unmodified AR view. In addition, we conducted remote experiments via video call, live adjusting our simulation and comparing it to related work, with participants who had cataract surgery a few months before. We present our findings and insights from these experiments and outline avenues for future work. |
8,658 | Please write an abstract with title: A local approach for fast line detection, and key words: Layout, Image edge detection, Convolution, Image segmentation, Video sequences, Humans, Image analysis, Image processing, Voting. Abstract: In this paper we are concerned with line detection for scene modelling. So we focus on horizontal and vertical lines and we propose a fast local approach to detect lines in binary images. The approach described here can easily be extended to lines characterized by other directions. Pixels are analysed using an accumulator on a block-based basis in order to obtain possible line segments for each block. As the results obtained rely only on a local analysis, their coherence can be further improved using a postprocessing step. The proposed method has been compared to classical approaches in order to show its efficiency. |
8,659 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive Mutation based on Population Distribution in DE with an individual-dependent mechanism, and key words: Performance evaluation, Sociology, Benchmark testing, Search problems, Statistics, Optimization, Convergence. Abstract: Differential evolution (DE) is a method of evolutionary computation(EC) with a superior search capability for real-value optimization in nonlinear problems, nondifferential problems and multimodal problems, among others. While various DE methods have been proposed, DE with an individual-dependent mechanism (IDE) features a pair of control strategies and its superior search performance has been confirmed in various benchmark problems. This study aims to further improve the individual-dependent mutation (IDM) strategy in IDE. The IDM strategy divides individuals into superior and inferior populations over the search process and applies mutation in each population. Further, the ps criterion is used as a reference in dividing the population and applying mutation. This criterion changes by the number of generations, but it is not based on the individuals 'information. From our preliminary experiments, premature convergence occurs in some problems. This study focuses on the ps criteria and proposes a method of adaptively controlling the value based on the variance of individuals. Performance evaluation was performed using a 30, 50 and 100-dimensional benchmark problem generally used in EC. In the performance evaluation, we showed that the proposed method significantly outperformed conventional DE and IDE, and improved the search performance by preventing convergence to the local minima in problems prone to such an issue by controlling the variance of the individuals. |
8,660 | Please write an abstract with title: Perfusion assessment via local remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), and key words: Visualization, Surgery, Authentication, Photoplethysmography, Skin, Pattern recognition, Monitoring. Abstract: This paper presents an approach to assess the perfusion of visible human tissue from RGB video files. We propose metrics derived from remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signals to detect whether a tissue is adequately supplied with blood. The perfusion analysis is done in three different scales, offering a flexible approach for different applications. We perform a plane-orthogonal-to-skin rPPG independently for locally defined regions of interest on each scale. From the extracted signals, we derive the signal-to-noise ratio, magnitude in the frequency domain, heart rate, perfusion index as well as correlation between specific rPPG signals in order to locally assess the perfusion of a specific region of human tissue. We show that locally resolved rPPG has a broad range of applications. As exemplary applications, we present results in intraoperative perfusion analysis and visualization during skin and organ transplantation as well as an application for liveliness assessment for the detection of presentation attacks to authentication systems. |
8,661 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Performance Analysis of LoRa LPWAN Antenna for IoT Applications, and key words: Microstrip antennas, Internet of Things, Microstrip, Gain, Patch antennas, Wireless communication. Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) as the name implies, is an array of devices that communicate via internet. IoT system integrates four specific segments i.e. sensors/devices, connectivity, data processing and a user interface. Modern IoT devices need various options in terms of connectivity. As IoT applications need low data rates Long Range (LoRa) , a advanced wireless standards for Low Power Wide-AreaNetwork (LPWAN) very well caters this need. This paper proposes a microstrip patch antenna operating at 433 MHz for Low Power Wide-Area-Network with FR4(lossy) as substrate and dimensions of the patch are 82.295mm*105.41 mm. The paper aims for improvement in efficiency and gain with two Tshaped slot cut on the ground. The Simulation has been performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) studio suite. |
8,662 | Please write an abstract with title: A Prediction Method of Elderly Cognitive Impairment Based on Edge Intelligence and Multimodal Perception, and key words: Training, Senior citizens, Sociology, Semantics, Training data, Prototypes, Prediction methods. Abstract: The situation of population aging in our country is severe, and the incidence of cognitive impairment in the elderly is gradually increasing, which seriously affects the lives of the elderly. Monitoring the daily behavior of the elderly in the early stage of cognitive impairment, proactively finding out the signs of cognitive impairment, and providing corresponding cognitive training in time can effectively delay the development of cognitive impairment. To find a prediction method which can identify the signs of cognitive impairment under the premise of protecting user privacy, this article uses the Internet of Things system to monitor and record the daily activities of the elderly. Then Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is utilized to assist the diagnosis of cognitive impairment. This paper carried out experiments to verify the accuracy rate of acquisition and that of recognition by BPNN. The experimental results show that the system has better feasibility and higher recognition accuracy. |
8,663 | Please write an abstract with title: The Limitations of an Automatic Generation Control in Stabilizing Power System in the Event of Load Demand Increase, and key words: Automatic frequency control, Power engineering, Automatic generation control, Power system stability, Stability analysis, Spinning, Load modeling. Abstract: The main objective of an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is to maintain the power system frequency to its nominal value following a disturbance. However, the control action of the AGC is dependable on the availability of spinning reserves. Due to deficiency generation reserve capacity, the system frequency stability can be compromised. The benefits and limitations of an automatic generation control are outlined in this paper. The AGC was developed and implemented on a modified IEEE 14 bus power system network using the DIgSILENT PowerFactory simulation tool. The results indicate that the AGC is only effective in the power system when there are enough spinning reserves. When the generation spinning reserves are depleted, the system frequency can not be maintained at its nominal state following load demand increase. |
8,664 | Please write an abstract with title: Non-Supervised Trajectory Segmentation and Cross Analysis of Riders’ Dynamic Behavior in a Simulated Riding Platform, and key words: Smart cities, Roads, Machine learning, Feature extraction, Trajectory, Safety, Global Positioning System. Abstract: In the context of the European project SimuSafe, various studies using the Honda Riding Trainer (HRT) simulator have been carried out. The resulting simulations from these studies are designed on the basis of a set of predefined scenarios and aim to analyze the motorcyclists' behavior when interacting with the infrastructure. Furthermore, the analysis of the risk incurred by the riders' maneuvers is of utmost importance to ensure their safety in realistic situations. However, the nature of road patterns (left or right turns, roundabouts and straight lines) is unknown in advance and should be deduced from the rider's behavior or by extracting some infrastructure-based features from GPS track. This paper concentrates on the segmentation of trajectories and identification of different road patterns using sensory data and extracted features with the aim to facilitate the analysis of potential risks related to each pattern. To conduct this analysis, three non-supervised machine learning techniques are evaluated and their performances are compared. Finally, an exploratory cross analysis between the identified situations and rider's dynamic behaviors allows for a more in-depth understanding of riders' decisions. |
8,665 | Please write an abstract with title: Parallel interference cancellation in multicarrier DS-CDMA systems, and key words: Interference cancellation, Multiaccess communication, Bit error rate, Performance analysis, Statistics, Amplitude estimation, Fading, Analytical models, Interference suppression, Matched filters. Abstract: We present and analyze the performance of a parallel interference cancellation (PIC) scheme for multicarrier (MC) direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems. At each cancellation stage in the proposed PIC scheme, on each subcarrier, a weighted sum of the soft outputs of the other users in the current stage is cancelled from the soft output of the desired user (rather than making hard bit decisions of the other users and regenerating and canceling the interfering signals) to form the input to the next stage. At the last stage, the interference cancelled outputs from all the subcarriers are maximal ratio combined (MKC) to form the decision statistic. The scheme has the advantage of not requiring the amplitude estimates of the other users. We derive analytical expressions for the bit error rate (BER) at different stages in the proposed PIC scheme on Rayleigh fading channels. Analytical results are found to agree well with the simulation results. The results show that the proposed PIC scheme offers better interference suppression capability than the conventional matched filter receiver. We also obtain bounds on the coded BER of the proposed PIC scheme for a convolutionally coded multicarrier DS-CDMA system where the PIC-MRC output feeds a soft decision Viterbi decoder. |
8,666 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries by incremental open-circuit-voltage characterization and impedance spectra, and key words: Degradation, Pulse measurements, Current measurement, Aging, State of charge, Anodes, Cathodes. Abstract: Non-invasive investigation methods of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential for online diagnosis and identification of degradation mechanisms and thus enable optimization of the operating conditions and cell materials. In this study, nine large format pouch cells with a nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (NMC) cathode were cyclic aged with varying average state of charge (SOC) and charging current. The loss of lithium inventory (LLI) and of active material (LAM) of the anode were identified by evaluating the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the open circuit voltage (OCV). By analyzing the distribution of relaxation times (DRT), the relevant electrochemical processes were identified and their polarization and time constant determined. The parameters of some processes changed unexpectedly during aging, which challenged the assignment of the processes. The analysis of the high-resolution pulse data obtained by the incremental OCV measurement revealed changes in the balancing of the electrodes due to LLI as the reason. Additionally, LLI was indicated as the main aging mechanism and LAM of the cathode was quantified. Finally, it was found that the pulse resistances in certain SOC ranges correlate strongly with the capacity as long as LLI limits the capacity. It was shown that high-resolution pulse data should be considered when evaluating EIS. Furthermore, the pulse resistances provide complementary information about the aging processes and can allow a quick estimation of the capacity. An incremental OCV measurement combined with EIS as non-invasive techniques has therefore proven to be advantageous. |
8,667 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic Scheduling Management Method for Multi-energy System Digital Twin Simulation Computing Tasks, and key words: Analytical models, Computational modeling, Digital twin, Dynamic scheduling, Indexes, Servers, Task analysis. Abstract: Digital twin technology provides dynamic planning, operation optimization and other complex business applications for multi-energy system based on high-performance simulation computing. As it involves the scheduling and management of massive simulation computing tasks, how to assign simulation computing tasks to computing servers in a balanced manner and minimize the completion time of all tasks are the key to scheduling. Analyzed and discussed the existing problems of task scheduling algorithms, based on this, combined with the characteristics of simulation computing tasks, this paper proposes a dynamic scheduling management method for multi-energy system digital twin simulation computing tasks. Taking into account the characteristics of stable computing completion time for simulation computing tasks, a comprehensive priority index is designed to quantify the execution sequence of simulation computing tasks, then based on this comprehensive priority index, a task assignment mechanism as the goal of minimizing computing completion time of application is proposed. Illustrate the rationality and efficiency of this scheduling management method for simulation computing tasks through a specific case. |
8,668 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Time Scale Analysis of The Influence of Blast Furnace Operations on Permeability Index, and key words: Smelting, Production, Blast furnaces, Permeability, Indexes. Abstract: In the smelting process of a blast furnace (BF), BF operations can regulate the permeability index (PI), but different operations affect the PI on different time scales. Aiming at the problem that BF operations have multi-time-scale effects on the PI, this paper uses a multi-time scale method to analyze the influence of each operation on PI at different time scales. First, the influence of BF operations on the PI is analyzed through the ironmaking mechanism, and three mechanism chains of BF operations affecting the PI were obtained. On this basis, the time scale of the mechanism chains is distinguished. Then, a cross-correlation analysis is used to calculate the time-delay relationship between each operation and the PI. Finally, the influence of different operation parameters on the PI is verified by real-world production data, and the multi-time scale characteristics of the influence of BF operations on the PI are proved. |
8,669 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hybrid Cloud Approach for Efficient Data Storage and Security, and key words: Cloud computing, Technological innovation, Data security, Computational modeling, Public key, Memory, Information security. Abstract: Cloud computing these days, may be a rudimentary correction happening inside the space of information innovation. It plays a crucial part in terms of data putting away and diminishing the esteem to business visionaries. In any case, information security proceeds to be one in all the most elevated issues for cloud computing. To deliver the secure information capacity and recovery, a few procedures are anticipated be that as it may the bulk of them confront a few downsides that reduce the common sense of Cloud Computing. This work scrutinizes a half breed cloud approach for proficient information capacity and security. The aim is to propose a model to identify duplication and prevent it thereby using the cloud storage efficiently. |
8,670 | Please write an abstract with title: Juxtaposing Deep Learning Models Efficacy for Ocular Disorder Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy for Ophthalmoscopy, and key words: Deep learning, Measurement, Retinopathy, Image databases, Transfer learning, Signal processing, Retina. Abstract: The reticence of ocular disorder in the community has been a major deterrent to one being visually impaired before getting diagnosed. The genesis lies deeper in the inefficiency of ophthalmologists configuring the root cause of defacement. One such predicament is Diabetic Retinopathy (caused due to changes in retinal blood vessels) which is in an upsurge causing apprehension for vision loss. Meagre research has been carried out using different learning techniques giving a vague prospect of a cogent solution. In this paper, we have subsumed potent Deep Learning (8-Layer CNN) and Transfer Learning architectures (MobilenetV2, DenseNet121, InceptionV3, ResNet50, VGG16) for deducing the potentiality of a person having Diabetic Retinopathy using a 02-Class model with collating varied dataset namely APTOS 2019 and HRF Image Database begetting preeminent accuracy results with metrics comprehended such as f1 Score, Area Under Curve, Cohen’s Kappa Score for corroboration. |
8,671 | Please write an abstract with title: High-performance Active Domain Adaption with Fewer Manual Labeling, and key words: Degradation, Machine learning algorithms, Costs, Image synthesis, Asia, Manuals, Machine learning. Abstract: Domain adaption has been found to suffer from a potentially severe degradation in migration performance when facing source and target domains with insufficient shared representations. Active learning is introduced to avoid the problem by providing partial target domain data labels. However, the addition of active learning inevitably brings the problem of high manual labeling costs. This paper proposes an active generation domain adaption method (AGDA). Only the first round of data labeling requires manual participation. The target domain classifier will undertake the labeling task from the second round. The labeled data will be selected and used to generate a large amount of labeled fake target domain data to train the target domain classifier. The fewer manual labeling is made possible by the HcTop data selection method proposed in this paper, which selects the batch of samples predicted by the classifier with the highest confidence. The HcTop method can select the “confusing” data valuable for migration. Experiments demonstrate that the AGDA method can achieve higher migration performance with less manual labeling in the case of insufficient shared representations. |
8,672 | Please write an abstract with title: Abstracting module views from source code, and key words: Visualization, Filters, Software architecture, Software systems, Systems engineering and theory, Software maintenance, Reverse engineering, Algebra, Packaging, Filtering. Abstract: We have investigated an approach for abstracting and visualizing software module views from source code: ArchView computes abstraction metrics that are used to filter and provide architectural elements and relationships of major interest. Source code views can, therefore, be reduced in detail and size resulting in more reasonable and comprehensible module views on software architectures. ArchView focuses on modules and their relationships: source level relationships such as inheritance, call structures, or includes are abstracted to a module level to show basic dependency relationships of modules. |
8,673 | Please write an abstract with title: Integration of sensing, computation, communication and cooperation for distributed mobile sensor networks, and key words: Computer networks, Distributed computing, Mobile communication, Mobile computing, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Multimodal sensors, Communication system control, Mobile robots, Robot sensing systems, Robot kinematics. Abstract: This paper presents a novel semantic model and a hybrid perceptive frame approach for the integration of sensing, computation, communication and control of reconfigurable mobile sensor networks composed of a collection of mobile robotic sensing nodes. In this paper, the entire mobile sensor network is modelled as a dynamical system, which has sensing, computation, communication and locomotion capabilities. A semantic model of mobile sensor networks is proposed to describe the relationship of different sensor nodes and the corresponding multi-modal sensory information at varying abstraction levels. Based on this model, the hybrid perceptive frame describes the hybrid nature of cooperative sensor networks and integrates sensing, communication and cooperation by perceptive references and perceptive semantics. The hybrid perceptive reference frame approach allows the mobile sensor nodes to respond to the unpredictable environments and coordinate with each other based on communication and the perception of environments. |
8,674 | Please write an abstract with title: An Edge Framework for the Application of Privacy Enhancing Technologies in IoT Communications, and key words: Process control, Privacy, Law, Data privacy, Databases. Abstract: IoT devices generate large amounts of data that is often processed in cloud backends. This data, however, is often personal and sensitive. At the same time, IoT devices often communicate via edge devices that allow to pre-process the devices' data before it is sent to the cloud. To facilitate the privacy-preserving communication between IoT devices and cloud backends, we propose a framework that can be deployed on edge devices and which allows the application of Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) and other computational tasks. It is designed as a practical tool for service providers supporting the privacy-friendly design and operation of edge-based services. It supports various stakeholder requirements, e.g. extendibility and auditability, as well as legal requirements which result from the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), e.g. data minimization. We also present an example application using the AWS IoT service and its Greengrass software to show how the framework can be used in a car-sharing service. |
8,675 | Please write an abstract with title: Proposal for Server Integrated Management System Using Zabbix for Blockchain-Based NTMobile, and key words: Conferences, Servers, Proposals, IP networks, Monitoring, Consumer electronics. Abstract: Blockchain-based Network Traversal with Mobility (NTMobile), which provides both IP mobility and end-to-end connectivity in IPv4/IPv6 networks, has raised concerns about the increased monitoring burden on server administrators in large scale environments. This paper proposes a server integrated management system for blockchain-based NTMobile using Zabbix. We have implemented an extension of NTMobile server daemon and Zabbix to allow centralized management of various information maintained by NTMobile servers. As a result of the operation verification, we confirmed that the server administrator's monitoring load could be reduced. |
8,676 | Please write an abstract with title: Extraction method for substrate resistance of RF MOSFETs, and key words: Radio frequency, MOSFETs, Capacitance, Equivalent circuits, Threshold voltage, Equations, Electrical resistance measurement, Electronic mail, Geometry, Scattering parameters. Abstract: This paper proposes a simple and accurate method for extracting substrate resistance of an RF MOSFET from the measured network parameters. The extraction results for 0.18-/spl mu/m MOSFETs are presented for various bias conditions and devices with different geometries. |
8,677 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of Geometrical Parameters of a Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Guided Wave Probe for Tube Inspection, and key words: Electron tubes, Probes, Magnetostriction, Transmitters, Coils, Receivers, Stress. Abstract: Non-destructive examination of steam generator (SG) tubes of Fast Breeder Reactors is of paramount importance. The inspection needs to be carried out from the inner side of an SG tube due to the constraint in accessibility. Recently, the magnetostrictive ultrasonic guided wave (MUGW) technique has been proposed as an alternative for the inspection of SG tubes. As a commercial MUGW probe for small-diameter ferromagnetic tubes is not available, it needs to be designed and developed with optimum parameters. This paper proposes a three-step optimization approach for the development of a MUGW probe, namely optimization of the diameter and length of a permanent magnet (for bias) finite element modeling based, optimization of the width of the transmitter and receiver coils of the probe by empirical modeling and the optimization of the number of turns of the transmitter and receiver coils by equivalent circuit models. A MUGW probe is fabricated and tested experimentally to validate the optimized parameters. Experiments show the validity of the approach in terms of generation, long-range propagation (47.6 m) of L(0,2) mode at 300 kHz, and the required sensitivity (multiple 10% wall thickness deep uniform wall loss circumferential grooves) in SG tubes. |
8,678 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of Distributed ADMM Algorithm Based on Minimum Network Latency, and key words: Signal processing algorithms, Convergence, Delays, Optimization, Machine learning algorithms, Linear programming, Clustering algorithms. Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the running speed of distributed ADMM algorithm is limited by the nodes with large network latency, a master node selection policy is proposed, which is based on the communication delay between network nodes, and the policy aims to reduce the running time of distributed ADMM algorithm in the connected network. Experiment results show that the policy can effectively reduce the running time of distributed ADMM algorithm in connected networks, and the calculation accuracy is not affected. And the smaller the connection probability between network nodes, the more significant the advantages of the proposed policy are. And when there is a communication failure between a few nodes in the connected network, the strategy proposed in this paper is not affected much. |
8,679 | Please write an abstract with title: Methodological Review of Emotion Recognition for Social Media: A Sentiment Analysis Approach, and key words: Emotion recognition, Sentiment analysis, Machine learning algorithms, Social networking (online), Face recognition, Multimedia Web sites, Market research. Abstract: Emotion recognition and their analysis have become a very popular topic nowadays, as most of the world using the social media in the form of various applications such as Twitter, Facebook, Whatsapp, Instagram and many more. Also, there are quite a large number of users, who buy the different daily life products through the online shopping websites like Amazon, Flipkart where the online behaviors and emotions of the consumer buying the product is of great interest to the e-commerce industry. In accordance to, the development in the artificial intelligence field, there exist various algorithms that are programmed to analyze the user behavior and trap their emotions through various tools for analyzing the market trends and to increase the percentage of profit. Furthermore, a prolific rate of development is observed in the AI field. This now can be noticed presently, in the form of ‘Deep learning’ where a very huge amount of data is available and the decision-making process is very crucial. If the tremendous amount of data is accessible, “Machine Learning” algorithms are of utmost importance. |
8,680 | Please write an abstract with title: Evolution strategies based particle filters for state and parameter estimation on nonlinear models, and key words: Particle filters, Parameter estimation, Monte Carlo methods, State-space methods, State estimation, Bayesian methods, Filtering, Computational modeling, Numerical simulation, Information science. Abstract: The massive increase of computational power has led to the rebirth of Monte Carlo integration and its application of Bayesian filtering, or particle filters. Particle filters evaluate a posterior probability distribution of the state variable based on observations in Monte Carlo simulation using so-called importance sampling. However, the filter performance is degraded by degeneracy phenomena in the importance weights. A filter called the evolution strategies (ES)-based particle filter has been proposed to circumvent this difficulty and improve the performance by recognizing the similarities and the difference between the particle filters and ES. The SIE filter is applied to simultaneous state and parameter estimation of nonlinear state space models. Numerical simulation studies have been conducted to exemplify the applicability of this approach. |
8,681 | Please write an abstract with title: Dispersion Entropy for the automated detection of epileptic seizures, and key words: Radio frequency, Sensitivity, Tools, Feature extraction, Entropy, Electroencephalography, Dispersion. Abstract: The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a powerful tool for evaluation of seizure activities in the human brain. This paper introduces Dispersion Entropy (DispEn) as a feature extraction method for the first time in the automated detection of epileptic seizures. A random forest (RF) classifier is utilized for the classification of normal, seizure-free, and seizure EEG segments. Additionally, we have also compared the performance of the proposed DispEn feature with existing entropy features such as Permutation Entropy, Fuzzy Entropy, Sample Entropy, and Approximate Entropy. The experimental results demonstrated that DispEn outperforms other traditional entropies and yielded the highest sensitivity, specificity, classification accuracy, precision and F1-score of 92.86%, 95.45%, 94%, 96.67%, and 95.05%, respectively for the classification of normal, seizure-free and seizure EEG segments using RF classifier. |
8,682 | Please write an abstract with title: PC95.1-2019/Cor 2/D2, Jul 2020 - IEEE Draft Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields, 0 Hz to 300 GHz - Corrigendum 2:PC95.1-2019_Cor2, and key words: IEEE Standards, Safety, Electromagnetic fields, Radiation monitoring, Human factors. Abstract: Technical corrections are addressed in this corrigendum. Figure 1 and Figure 2 in IEEE Std C95.1-2019 were found to be incorrect. They did not accurately portray the limits given in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4. The figures were corrected with respect to frequency extent and breakpoints to be consistent with the tables. |
8,683 | Please write an abstract with title: Fuzzy logic-based relaying for large power transformer protection, and key words: Fuzzy logic, Protective relaying, Power transformers, Power system harmonics, Relays, Power system relaying, Power system protection, Surge protection, Frequency, Power system faults. Abstract: Power transformer protective relay should block the tripping during magnetizing inrush and rapidly operate the tripping during internal faults. The frequency environment of power system has been made more complicated and the quantity of 2nd frequency component in inrush state has been decreased because of the improvement of core steel. Then, traditional approaches will likely be maloperated in the case of magnetizing inrush with low second harmonic component and internal faults with high second harmonic component. This paper proposes a new relaying algorithm to enhance the fault detection sensitivities of conventional techniques by using a fuzzy logic approach. The proposed fuzzy-based relaying algorithm consists of flux-differential current derivative curve, harmonic restraint, and percentage differential characteristic curve. The proposed relaying was tested with relaying signals obtained from Salford EMTP simulation package and showed a fast and accurate trip operation. |
8,684 | Please write an abstract with title: SurfEmb: Dense and Continuous Correspondence Distributions for Object Pose Estimation with Learnt Surface Embeddings, and key words: Visualization, Computer vision, Computational modeling, Pose estimation, Color, Pattern recognition. Abstract: We present an approach to learn dense, continuous 2D-3D correspondence distributions over the surface of objects from data with no prior knowledge of visual ambiguities like symmetry. We also present a new method for 6D pose estimation of rigid objects using the learnt distributions to sample, score and refine pose hypotheses. The correspondence distributions are learnt with a contrastive loss, represented in object-specific latent spaces by an encoder-decoder query model and a small fully connected key model. Our method is unsupervised with respect to visual ambiguities, yet we show that the query- and key models learn to represent accurate multi-modal surface distributions. Our pose estimation method improves the state-of-the-art significantly on the comprehensive BOP Challenge, trained purely on synthetic data, even compared with methods trained on real data. The project site is at surfemb.github.io. |
8,685 | Please write an abstract with title: Platelet activation and free emboli formation in flow past mechanical heart valves - numerical and in vivo studies, and key words: Heart valves, In vivo, In vitro, Stress, Fluid flow measurement, Mechanical variables measurement, Position measurement, Mechanical factors, Medical simulation, History. Abstract: Numerical studies, in vitro and in vivo measurements were conducted, aimed at quantifying free emboli formation and procoagulant properties of platelets induced by flow past mechanical heart valves (MHV). 2D and 3D pulsatile turbulent flow simulations were conducted past a St. Jude Medical MHV in the aortic position, to study the effects of MHV implantation on valve thrombogenicity. Shear stress histories of platelets along turbulent trajectories exposed the platelets to elevated shear stresses around the leaflets, leading them to entrapment within the shed vortices formed in the wake of the valve. In vitro platelet studies were conducted in a model of left ventricular assist device (LVAD), using an innovative platelet activity state (PAS) assay. The platelet activation significantly increased as a function of the recirculation time past the valve, and as compared to controls. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) measurements were conducted in the carotid artery of sheep with implanted MHV, showing a marked increase in the number of HITS (high intensity transient signals) signifying the passage of free emboli generated by the valve. The HITS were analyzed to distinguish between gaseous and thrombi emboli. Finally, PAS measurements were conducted with sheep platelets, showing marked increase of platelet activation after valve implantation. |
8,686 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint Detection and Parameter Estimation Under Unknown Prior Probability, and key words: Parameter estimation, Costs, Error probability, Simulation, Computational modeling, Estimation, Mean square error methods. Abstract: This paper addresses the joint detection and parameter estimation problem when the prior probability of different hypothesis is unknown. We build an unconstrained optimization model that minimizes the weighted combination of the average estimation cost and detection error probability. The optimal decision rule is given by solving this optimization model. Since the decision threshold is related to the unknown prior probability, we define an average risk as the mean square error between the joint cost computed by the true prior probability of the hypothesis and the guessed one, respectively. After that, by minimizing the defined average risk, we obtain a best guess and replace the true prior probability with it to make final decisions. Simulation results demonstrates the validity of our proposed method compared with other selection criterions. |
8,687 | Please write an abstract with title: A QoS architecture for the MAC protocol of IEEE 802.16 BWA system, and key words: Media Access Protocol, Quality of service, Access protocols, Dynamic scheduling, Channel allocation, Standardization, Topology, Digital communication, Consumer electronics, Web and internet services. Abstract: Providing quality of service (QoS) guarantees for heterogeneous classes of traffic with different QoS requirements in fixed broadband wireless access (BWA) system is a very important and challenging problem. Although IEEE 802.16 MAC protocols have been proposed to support QoS guarantees for various kinds of applications, they do not suggest how to schedule traffic to fulfill QoS requirements. In order to provide different levels of QoS guarantees for various applications while still achieving high system utilization, a QoS architecture should be integrated into the MAC protocol. We first provide a background on the IEEE 802.16 BWA system, we then propose an efficient QoS architecture, based on priority scheduling and dynamic bandwidth allocation, to provide QoS guarantees for the BWA system and propose an efficient scheduling strategy for schedulers in the architecture. |
8,688 | Please write an abstract with title: Image Enhancement for Railway Inspections Based on CycleGAN under the Retinex Theory, and key words: Image color analysis, Brightness, Transportation, Inspection, Visual effects, Rail transportation, Reflection. Abstract: Under the “safe, green, efficient and intelligent” requirements of modern railway construction, it's important and challenging to improve the automated and intelligent railway inspection system, which is an essential part of building domestic transportation infrastructure. Furthermore, the enhancement of images collected in low-light environments is an indispensable prerequisite for the railway inspection system to carry out intelligent analysis. Therefore, a low-light image enhancement means inspired by the Retinex theory based on CycleGAN is advanced. Specifically, a residual neural network is designed to decompose input images. Meanwhile, the unsupervised learning model CycleGAN is selected to adjust brightness maps. In addition, the BM3D algorithm is used to reduce the noise in reflection images. Eventually, extensive experiments on multiple data sets show that the proposed method can better restore image details, obtain more comfortable visual effects and more natural colors. Moreover, the enhancement results are better than the majority of classic methods. |
8,689 | Please write an abstract with title: Continuous time system identification of magnetic bearing systems using frequency response data, and key words: Continuous time systems, Magnetic levitation, Frequency response, System identification, System testing, Shafts, Open loop systems, Control systems, Iterative algorithms, Frequency domain analysis. Abstract: This paper focuses on identifying nonlinear unstable magnetic bearing systems using a linear model and frequency response data. Subspace system identification methods adopting a Laguerre network in the frequency domain were used to identify continuous time transfer functions for a test-stand magnetic bearing apparatus. The results show that a continuous time multivariable model was successfully identified based on the experimental data. |
8,690 | Please write an abstract with title: Calculating the Topological Resilience of Supply Chain Networks Using Quantum Hopfield Neural Networks, and key words: Industries, Quantum computing, Supply chains, Hopfield neural networks, Artificial intelligence, Testing, Resilience. Abstract: A quantum computing approach is presented for implementing a quantum version of a Hopfield Neural Network which is then used for solving the Minimum Vertex Cover (MVC) problem. A bijection maps the Minimum Vertex Cover of a graph to a stable pattern of the Quantum Hopfield Neural Network. The proposed algorithm reached a 100% accuracy in finding the minimum vertex cover for a testing dataset of graphs. The use of the Quantum HNN and quantum principles such as superposition enables the usage of potentially exponential power and speed up in solving NP-complete graph problems such as the MVC. |
8,691 | Please write an abstract with title: Remote monitoring of sea surface HFSWR, and key words: Remote monitoring, Sea surface, Radar scattering, Sea measurements, Backscatter, Surface waves, Hafnium, Velocity measurement, Bonding, Military aircraft. Abstract: The paper considers an excellent electrodynamics model of an excited sea surface when it is interpreted by spectral components of the backscattered HF signal for remotely monitored targets. A peculiarity of the application of the electrodynamics model is supposing that the excited sea surface section is a quasi-periodic random antenna array with elementary resonators. |
8,692 | Please write an abstract with title: Simultaneous Localization and Communication Method Using Short-Time and Narrow-Band Dual-Carrier Acoustic Signals, and key words: Location awareness, Acoustics, Mathematical model, Interference, Estimation, Bandwidth, Systematics. Abstract: This paper describes a novel acoustic localization and communication methods using multiple speakers. Acoustic signals for localization are modulated by differential phase shift keying to contain some information. Therefore, localization and communication can be conducted simultaneously. Regarding the design of acoustic signals, short-time and narrow-band acoustic signals are ideal to save time and frequency resources. However, if such signals are used with conventional methods, the interference of signals can occur and cause errors of localization and communication. Additionally, this error changes depending on the phase value that corresponds to the modulation for communication. To reduce this error, in our proposed method, a noninterference region in the received signal was constituted by using dual-carrier acoustic signals, and localization and demodulation were processed using this region. In the evaluation experiments, we estimate the azimuth of the microphone from two speakers and demodulate each of the symbols at 9 locations. Through simulation and real-environment experiments, it was confirmed that our proposed method can reduce the error caused by the interference. In real-environment experiments, the demodulation performance of our proposed method was similar to that of conventional methods. We discussed this similarity and revealed the cause. |
8,693 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural Network Based on Windowed Convolutional Transformation to Extract Features in Time Domain and Its Application on Soft Sensing, and key words: Feature extraction, Convolution, Soft sensors, Predictive models, Delay effects, Time-domain analysis, Ordinary differential equations. Abstract: In soft sensing, quality indicators are predicted by the signals of the discrete process variables in the time domain, in which the time delay exists in the process variables and quality indicators. Traditionally, discrete variables are used to estimate quality indicators directly through the time-series model, in which the sliding window is used to extract time-series features of the process signals. As discrete variables can be served as samples of a continuous function, this article proposes a soft sensing method whose inputs follow a continuous function. The continuous function is estimated by discrete variables and used to estimate quality indicators. Meanwhile, in the time-series model, the features extracted by the signals within the sliding window are inconsistent with the ones with all the historical signals, and thus, the time-series model lacks interpretability. To make a consistent prediction when the length of the time-series signals changes, this article proposes the windowed convolutional transformation to extract the features of the evaluated continuous function of discrete inputs. Besides, the proposed windowed convolutional transformation can automatically deal with the time delay in the process variables and quality indicators. To effectively calculate the gradients of the windowed convolutional transformation, a memory-efficient gradient estimation method for neural ordinary differential equations with inputs is designed. Finally, a soft-sensing method based on windowed convolutional transformation is proposed. |
8,694 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamics of Space Tether System in Circular Orbit in Presence of Aerodynamic Drag, and key words: Space vehicles, Atmospheric modeling, Aerodynamics, Mathematical model, Orbits, Terrestrial atmosphere. Abstract: Space tether system is a promising technology that can be applied to solve many practical problems of astronautics. This work is devoted to the study of a space tether system dynamics under the influence of the atmosphere on end bodies. An original approximation of the atmosphere density is proposed. This approximation allows to obtain a new analytical solution describing the space tether oscillations. The stationary equilibrium positions of the system are found. The problem of the space tether system spin-up using aerodynamic drag is considered as an example of applying the obtained solution. It is proposed to put the system into rotation mode by inflating a large cross-section balloon at its lower end. An analytical expression that determines the required balloon cross-sectional area is obtained. Numerical simulation confirms the correctness of the analytical result. |
8,695 | Please write an abstract with title: A concurrent non-recursive textured algorithm for distributed multi-utility state estimation, and key words: State estimation, Instruments, Sparse matrices, Power markets, Power system control, Power system analysis computing, Power systems, ISO, Centralized control, Communication system control. Abstract: During power deregulation, power companies are releasing their transmission grids to form ISOs/RTOs while maintaining their own state estimators over their own areas. A recent trend for these ISOs/RTOs is to further combine and enlarge to become a bigger Mega-RTO grid for a better market efficiency. The determination of state over the whole system becomes challenging due to its size. Instead of a totally new estimator over the whole grid, the authors propose a distributed textured algorithm to determine the whole state; in their algorithm, the existing state estimators in local companies/ISOs/RTOs are fully utilized and the new estimator is no longer required. They need only some extra communication for some instrumentation or estimated data exchange. In addition, such an algorithm has the following advantages: (1) the distributed textured algorithm is nonrecursive, asynchronous and avoids central controlling node. Therefore, it is fast and practical; (2) based on exchanging data with neighboring companies/ISOs/RTOs, textured overlapped areas become part of the process. With the developed textured decomposition method, bad data detection and identification ability is better than existing distributed state estimation algorithm, especially when bad data occur around the boundary of individual estimators; (3) discrepancy on the boundary buses of different estimators decreases and the result over whole grid become more consistent. Moreover, when updating local estimation through estimated data exchanges, matrix modification techniques that utilize sparse techniques are developed to accelerate the computation speed. Detailed numerical tests are given to verify the efficiency and validity of the new approach. |
8,696 | Please write an abstract with title: Harmonic distortion due to narrow width effects in deep sub-micron SOI-CMOS device for analog-RF applications, and key words: Silicon on insulator technology, MOSFETs, CMOS analog integrated circuits, Harmonic distortion, Semiconductor device noise, Integrated circuit noise, Isolation technology, Voltage controlled oscillators, Interface phenomena. Abstract: The authors have investigated the reason for low-noise frequency degradation, frequency dispersion, and harmonic distortion in narrow width SOI MOSFETs with STI. As the channel width decreases, low-frequency noise characteristics, frequency dispersion and harmonic distortion deteriorate due to the larger influence of the interface state which is caused by interface roughness. They have also analyzed the unit circuits performance of VCO, RO, and single MOSFET amplifiers. |
8,697 | Please write an abstract with title: The analysis of a recombinative hill-climber on H-IFF, and key words: Evolutionary computation, Algorithm design and analysis, Genetic algorithms, Mathematics, Computer science, Heuristic algorithms, Genetic mutations, Stochastic processes, Random variables. Abstract: Many experiments have proved that crossover is an essential search operator in evolutionary algorithms, at least for certain functions. However, the rigorous analysis of such algorithms on crossover-friendly functions is still in its infancy. Here, a recombinative hill-climber is analyzed on the crossover-friendly function hierarchical-if-and-only-if (H-IFF) introduced by Watson et al. (1998). The dynamics of this algorithm are investigated and it is proved that the expected optimization time equals /spl Theta/(n log n). |
8,698 | Please write an abstract with title: Diagnosis potential of different partial discharge features of diverse PD defects in N/sub 2//SF/sub 6/mixtures, and key words: Partial discharges, Feature extraction, Partial discharge measurement, Pulse measurements, Voltage, Dielectrics and electrical insulation, Phase measurement, Testing, Geographic Information Systems, Gas insulated transmission lines. Abstract: The automated partial discharge diagnosis is an universal method to identify critical insulation conditions of electrical equipment. The diagnosis process needs significant information about the PD source by measuring the key values of the continuous PD activity, the so called Phase Resolved PD Pulse Sequence. From the information of such a measurement plenty of features can be calculated, which should distinguish the different defect types. This contribution discusses the main question: which type of PD features can distinguish the different PD defect types better than the other PD features? Therefore three different PD feature extraction methods: the phase position analysis, the voltage gradient and the voltage difference of consecutive pulses were tested with different PD defect types in GIS and GIL. In an automated diagnosis process all three feature extraction methods are combined with an L2 classification algorithm to calculate the diagnosis result. The question is discussed if a reference data base has to be adapted. Preliminary results have shown, that the performance of the feature extraction methods is strongly depending on the type of PD defect but also influenced by the gas mixture percentage. |
8,699 | Please write an abstract with title: Electromechanical Equipment for Integrated Use of Power Potential of Hydroelectric Power Plant Reservoirs, and key words: Heat pumps, Water heating, Resistance heating, Reservoirs, Power generation, Electric potential. Abstract: The energy feasibility of using the heat and mechanical potentials of hydroelectric power stations water was determined using the developed expression of the energy efficiency criterion. Using the developed criterion were determined the areas and degree of application of combined electromechanical equipment, which excludes the repeated interconversion of electrical and mechanical energies. |
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