shivank21/arc_easy_subset · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 18 666	choices dict	answerKey stringclasses 8 values	source_config stringclasses 1 value
Mercury_7250005	All living things are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Which function is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?	{ "text": [ "aerobic respiration", "sexual reproduction", "protein production", "nitrogen fixation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7228690	Scientists are able to correlate time and the amount of difference between homologous genes when studying the divergence of two species because scientists have reliable estimates for which value?	{ "text": [ "rate of genetic mutations", "survival benefit of specific genes", "pressure of selection on base pairs", "number of bases in species' genomes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7188213	Isle Royale is a large island in Lake Superior. During the 1800s, most of the trees were removed, and the wolves and moose that lived on the island died. In the early 1900s, moose were reintroduced to the island. By 1925, the moose population on Isle Royale rose to about 2,000 individuals. Which best explains how the moose population grew so rapidly?	{ "text": [ "The death rate was greater than the birth rate.", "There was unlimited food for the moose to eat.", "The birth rate was constant and few moose died.", "There were no predators to control the population." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_409143	Sydney is learning about the sources of energy that can run out. Which energy source will run out the fastest?	{ "text": [ "flowing water", "natural gas", "sunlight", "wind" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2006_5_1	In the water cycle, rain, snow, or sleet falling to the ground is a form of	{ "text": [ "precipitation.", "condensation.", "evaporation.", "transpiration." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
TAKS_2009_5_29	Which two properties of a crayon will stay about the same after the crayon is melted?	{ "text": [ "Shape and physical state", "Temperature and hardness", "Color and mass", "Thickness and texture" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7080605	Which section of Earth is composed primarily of liquid metal?	{ "text": [ "crust", "mantle", "outer core", "inner core" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7041213	Sunlight is able to penetrate the top several meters of marine water, where most plant and animal life exists. Which of these systems are interacting in this description?	{ "text": [ "solar energy and ocean systems", "solar energy and weather systems", "weather systems and ocean systems", "solar energy, ocean systems, and weather systems" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7168718	The weight of an object can change because of the force that acts on that object. Which force causes the weight of an object to change?	{ "text": [ "gravitational", "electrical", "magnetic", "friction" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7236320	Which statement describes a characteristic of a gas that has a significant effect on the climates of both Earth and Venus?	{ "text": [ "Nitrogen is chemically inert.", "Sodium vapor reflects solar energy.", "Carbon dioxide traps solar energy.", "Argon is unable to react with water." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2013_5_4	An organism eats grass and is preyed upon by a carnivore. Which categories describe this organism?	{ "text": [ "producer and consumer", "consumer and herbivore", "decomposer and producer", "herbivore and decomposer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2011_8_17696	Which of the following units best represents the density of an object?	{ "text": [ "kg", "hr", "m/s^2", "g/cm^3" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_407441	When a baker bakes bread, he prepares the dough by mixing 2 cups of flour with 1 cup of water. The water needs to be 85°F. Which tools are best for the baker to measure both the volume and temperature of the water?	{ "text": [ "a balance and a ruler", "a balance and a thermometer", "a measuring cup and a balance", "a measuring cup and a thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400359	Which event occurs only twice each year?	{ "text": [ "lunar eclipse", "full moon", "equinox", "low tide" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7033548	When an igneous intrusion comes into contact with surrounding rock, the surrounding rock will	{ "text": [ "erode.", "foliate.", "precipitate.", "recrystallize." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
OHAT_2007_8_44	What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation significantly increased?	{ "text": [ "The year would be shorter.", "The year would be longer.", "The day would be shorter.", "The day would be longer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400675	A class is studying how gravity affects objects in motion. Which tool would best measure the distance an object travels after it is thrown?	{ "text": [ "a magnetic compass", "a meter stick", "a calculator", "a stop watch" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400693	The phases of the Moon are caused by the	{ "text": [ "tilt of the Earth.", "tilt of the Moon.", "revolution of the Earth around the Sun.", "revolution of the Moon around the Earth." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_8_18	The sum of all chemical reactions that take place within an organism is known as	{ "text": [ "evolution", "metabolism", "circulation", "reproduction" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }	2	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7040758	What direction is the movement of the energy in a food web?	{ "text": [ "consumer to producer", "producer to consumer", "decomposer to producer", "decomposer to consumer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7137043	Which of these is the main source of the electromagnetic energy we use?	{ "text": [ "battery", "wind", "sun", "coal" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7069388	A flat piece of paper has a mass of 5 grams. When the paper is crumpled into a ball, the mass of the crumpled paper is	{ "text": [ "much more than that of the flat paper.", "slightly more than that of the flat paper.", "the same as that of the flat paper.", "slightly less than that of the flat paper." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7012495	Which of these atomic structures has the least amount of mass?	{ "text": [ "an ion", "a proton", "a neutron", "an electron" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2016_5_16	Water moves directly from a lake to the air by which of the following processes?	{ "text": [ "condensation", "evaporation", "precipitation", "sedimentation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2012_8_23643	Ann makes hats for people. She has each person select the fabric and a hat style before she makes the hat to fit the person's head size. Which type of manufacturing system is Ann most likely using to make hats?	{ "text": [ "mass production", "custom production", "automated production", "assembly line production" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7092190	Through which activity do animals get the carbon that is needed for their bodies?	{ "text": [ "eating", "breathing", "running", "sleeping" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2003_5_3	What causes sound?	{ "text": [ "sunlight", "vibrations", "x-rays", "pitch" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401624	The egg stage in the life cycle of a bird is most like which phase in the life cycle of certain types of flowers?	{ "text": [ "seed", "spore", "pollen", "immature flower" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7014560	Which pieces of equipment would be used to measure the density of a solution?	{ "text": [ "a ruler and a protractor", "a magnet and a thermometer", "a graduated cylinder and a balance", "an Erlenmeyer flask and a Bunsen burner" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408439	Brian knows deserts get less rain than other ecosystems. However, he also knows that plants can survive in the desert. Which characteristic of a plant most likely helps it live in a desert?	{ "text": [ "the ability to store water", "the ability to attract insects", "the ability to stop predators", "the ability to drop its leaves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_405510	Which statement describes the formation of a delta?	{ "text": [ "A large mass of ice and snow accumulates.", "A mound of sand is built by wind.", "A low area of land is surrounded by mountains.", "A mass of sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7207463	Which of these properties of water has the greatest effect on the water cycle?	{ "text": [ "neutral pH", "freezing and boiling points", "dissolves many substances", "forms six-sided crystals" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_4_18	A student places soil in a plastic container to make a home for some worms. The student cuts holes in the top of the container because the worms need	{ "text": [ "space to move", "air to breathe", "sunlight to grow", "sound to communicate" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7110968	Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?	{ "text": [ "Aquifers recharge slowly.", "Lake water is reserved for recreation.", "Increasing biomass decreases evaporation rates.", "Tall buildings impede the development of rain clouds." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
TIMSS_1995_8_L3	A girl found the skull of an animal. She did not know what the animal was but she was sure that it preyed on other animals for its food. What clue led to this conclusion?	{ "text": [ "The eye sockets faced sideways.", "The skull was much longer than it was wide.", "There was a projecting ridge along the top of the skull.", "Four of the teeth were long and pointed.", "The jaws could move sideways as well as up and down." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_416507	A student wrote the following claim on a homework assignment: "Eukaryotic cells need more lipids than prokaryotic cells." Which statement below provides the BEST support for her claim?	{ "text": [ "Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.", "Eukaryotic cells make up multicellular organisms.", "Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.", "Eukaryotic cells perform cellular respiration." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_416164	Ella waves good-bye from the bus. What body system pulls on bones to let Ella wave her arm?	{ "text": [ "muscular system", "nervous system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2000_8_24	Which is the best evidence for the theory of continental drift?	{ "text": [ "the appearance of volcanoes at the boundaries where plates collide", "earthquakes at boundaries where one plate slides past another", "cases where a species exists in only one isolated place", "fossils of the same species found on widely separated continents" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401161	Which liquid most likely contains a dissolved gas?	{ "text": [ "whole milk", "house paint", "mud puddle", "carbonated soda" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_21	Which three things do animals need from their environment in order to survive?	{ "text": [ "soil, water, and food", "soil, light, and water", "air, food, and water", "air, water, and light" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400115	Electrical energy is best described as	{ "text": [ "coming from the Sun.", "attracting objects.", "moving negative charges.", "developing radiation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7160545	In 1785, James Hutton, stated that evidence of past occurrences can be used to explain events which happen today. Which could most likely be used to explain an event in the geologic past?	{ "text": [ "sunspots", "earthquakes", "wave patterns", "cloud formations" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_412625	Which series correctly represents the levels of organization in an organism?	{ "text": [ "cells -> organs -> organ system -> tissue", "cells -> tissue -> organs -> organ system", "tissue -> cells -> organ system -> organs", "tissue -> organ system -> cells -> organs" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_4	Which tool should a student use to see the patterns on a small object?	{ "text": [ "balance", "hand lens", "thermometer", "graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2009_7_6	Stomata are tiny pores located on the leaves of plants. These pores permit the exchange of gases between air in the environment and plant cells located inside the leaf. Which tissue performs a similar function in vertebrates?	{ "text": [ "The cornea in the eye", "The alveoli in the lungs", "The chambers in the heart", "The salivary glands in the mouth" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2013_8_29426	Which of the following has changed over the last 200 years primarily due to human activity?	{ "text": [ "Earth's magnetic field", "the frequency of earthquakes", "Earth's tectonic plate activity", "the composition of the atmosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401123	When light hits a mirror, most of the light is	{ "text": [ "refracted.", "reflected.", "absorbed.", "transmitted." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_405231	A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?	{ "text": [ "The climate was once colder.", "The shells were carried by the wind.", "The mountain was covered by water.", "The shells once lived on dry land." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7084315	When potassium and bromine atoms form chemical bonds, which of these is produced?	{ "text": [ "an element", "a mixture", "a compound", "a new form of matter" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
AKDE&ED_2012_8_1	A student is asked to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling in a classroom. Which unit of measurement should the student most likely use to accurately measure this distance?	{ "text": [ "liter", "kiloliter", "meter", "kilometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_1998_8_19	A solar eclipse occurs when	{ "text": [ "the Moon blocks the Earth from the Sun.", "the first four planets in the solar system are aligned.", "Earth blocks the Moon from the Sun.", "Earth's shadow falls on the Sun." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2000_8_19	The bottom of the space shuttle is covered with ceramic tile. This material was chosen because it withstands	{ "text": [ "moisture.", "vibration.", "heat.", "light." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_4_11	Which tool would be most useful for observing the details of an insect's wings?	{ "text": [ "thermometer", "balance", "hand lens", "graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_415399	Two of Earth's plates pushed together, and the ground moved. What happened?	{ "text": [ "an earthquake", "a landslide", "a volcano", "an avalanche" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401143	A group of the same species of fish swim together to increase an individual's	{ "text": [ "swimming speed.", "body temperature.", "chance of survival.", "visibility to predators." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
VASoL_2009_5_34	Which part of a sunflower plant absorbs water and nutrients?	{ "text": [ "Roots", "Stems", "Leaves", "Flowers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
MEA_2014_8_2	Which statement describes an interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere?	{ "text": [ "Flowing water carves through rock to form a canyon.", "Lava from an underwater volcano cools to form a mountain.", "Ashes rise from a volcanic eruption to block sunlight.", "Water vapor rises from the ocean to form clouds." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_412701	The conservation of matter can be demonstrated by using chemical equations. Which chemical equation demonstrates the conservation of matter?	{ "text": [ "2Sn + 4HNO_{3} -> SnO_{2} + 4NO_{2} + H_{2}O", "I_{2} + 5Cl_{2} + 6H_{2}O -> 2HIO_{3} + 10HCl", "Cl + 4Na -> 4NaCl", "4P + 5HNO_{3} -> 5NO + 3H_{3}PO_{4}" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401602	A model of the Moon would be different from a model of Earth in that the Moon should	{ "text": [ "be smaller than Earth.", "have a source of light inside.", "have a smoother surface than Earth.", "have fewer impact craters on the surface." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2003_8_33	The manufacturing process used to permanently put parts together is called	{ "text": [ "cutting.", "shaping.", "finishing.", "assembling." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_406779	A 13-year-old boy has blue eyes. Which statement concerning his eye color is correct?	{ "text": [ "It is a result of asexual reproduction.", "It is a result of childhood nutrition.", "It is an inherited characteristic.", "It is a personal choice." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7220518	Which trait is common in gases that contribute to Earth's greenhouse effect?	{ "text": [ "the ability to trap heat", "a tendency to lose electrons", "a tendency to exist as diatomic molecules", "the ability to bond with multiple other elements" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7041230	When nearly vertical rays of solar energy strike a region of the Earth, that area has warm temperatures. What region of the Earth gets nearly vertical rays of solar energy year around?	{ "text": [ "Equator", "Australia", "United States", "North and South Poles" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400132	A student conducts an investigation testing a material's effectiveness as a heat insulator. Which tool will help the student conduct this investigation safely?	{ "text": [ "a face mask", "plastic gloves", "a ventilator hood", "insulated gloves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7099225	Humans can do many things to impact the environment. Which of these is an example of how humans negatively impact the environment?	{ "text": [ "planting more trees", "burning less fossil fuel", "reducing beach erosion", "increasing water runoff" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
MSA_2012_8_9	The early Greeks are credited with many valid concepts in astronomy. Some of their theories were correct; some were later proven incorrect. One theory was that Earth was the center of the universe and that other planets circled Earth. The Greeks thought Earth did not move because its movement was not obvious from the surface of the planet. The Greeks also believed that an invisible sphere surrounding our planet contained the stars. This sphere rotated, explaining the apparent movement of constellations over time. Early Greeks also developed theories about the relationship between the moon and Earth. Why is the same side of the moon always visible from Earth?	{ "text": [ "The far side of the moon does not reflect sunlight.", "The moon stays in one location while Earth revolves around it.", "The period of rotation and the period of revolution for the moon are about the same.", "The moon rotates clockwise on its axis while Earth rotates counterclockwise on its axis." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_416521	Where is water most likely to be brackish?	{ "text": [ "sea", "lake", "river", "estuary" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7092400	As two continental plates collide, the edges of the plates are crumpled and uplifted. Which of these landforms is most likely a result of this type of collision?	{ "text": [ "normal faults", "mountain ranges", "U-shaped valleys", "shield volcanoes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
TIMSS_2007_8_pg26	In living things, large and complex molecules are broken down into small and simple molecules. What is this process called?	{ "text": [ "excretion", "absorption", "digestion", "circulation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
AKDE&ED_2008_8_18	The Sun heats the atmosphere of Earth unevenly. Which of the following is the most likely result of this uneven heating?	{ "text": [ "Convection in the atmosphere causes a change in air density, resulting in winds.", "Conduction through the atmosphere causes evaporation to occur over oceans, resulting in rain.", "Radiation from the Sun will reflect through the atmosphere back into space resulting in cooler evenings.", "Radiation from the Sun will cause atmospheric moisture to collect over mountain ranges resulting in snowfall." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_184170	The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of	{ "text": [ "nitrogen.", "water vapor.", "ozone.", "carbon monoxide." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7007770	What two factors determine the location of an electron around the nucleus of the atom?	{ "text": [ "speed and direction of the electron", "size of the electron and the neutron", "direction and strength of the electron", "energy and the attraction of the nucleus" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7210193	Which resource is more available due to improvements in deep-sea drilling technology?	{ "text": [ "crude oil", "fresh water", "thermal energy", "salt reserves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7005128	Before strip mining for coal, the topsoil in the area is removed and stored. After mining operations are completed, the land is leveled and topsoil is replaced. The purpose of replacing topsoil is	{ "text": [ "to prevent wind from weathering and eroding surface coal.", "to prevent radioactive elements from polluting water sources.", "to provide an environment for new coal formation.", "to restore the area to a natural condition." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_22	Which two processes are common to all living things?	{ "text": [ "flying and breathing", "migrating and reproducing", "using nutrients and growing", "eliminating waste and hibernating" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2009_7_9	A ball rolling on the ground is observed to slow down and stop. Based on Newton's first law of motion, what is the best conclusion?	{ "text": [ "An object in motion eventually stops.", "The ball must have been going slightly uphill.", "The ball did not have enough mass to keep going.", "There must have been an outside force acting on the ball." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_408991	Carlos was playing on a slide on a sunny summer day. Which property of the slide tells Carlos how much energy the slide absorbed from the Sun?	{ "text": [ "the mass", "the color", "the height", "the temperature" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7246365	Which features form when magma emerges between two diverging oceanic plates?	{ "text": [ "ocean trenches", "fault boundaries", "mid-ocean ridges", "composite volcanoes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MEA_2011_8_15	How would the Sun appear to an astronaut on Pluto compared with how it looks from Earth?	{ "text": [ "The Sun would appear larger and brighter.", "The Sun would appear smaller and brighter.", "The Sun would appear larger and dimmer.", "The Sun would appear smaller and dimmer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7008453	Part of a student's experiment is to measure changes in wind speed several hours before a storm. What piece of equipment should the student use?	{ "text": [ "barometer", "hygrometer", "anemometer", "weather vane" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7068985	The symptoms of strep throat infection are a red and swollen throat. What is the most likely cause of strep throat?	{ "text": [ "eating raw vegetables", "drinking lemonade", "invading bacteria", "running in cold weather" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
ACTAAP_2011_5_6	Which mineral, found in Arkansas, is an ore that can be used to produce aluminum?	{ "text": [ "quartz", "galena", "bauxite", "diamond" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_2000_8_28	Which is the best way to generate an electrical current in a coil of wire?	{ "text": [ "stroking the coil with a piece of silk", "heating the coil uniformly", "laying the coil near a magnet", "rotating the coil in a magnetic field" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_177678	To calculate the relative age of rocks, geologists use the rate of radioactive decay of isotopes present in their samples. What is the term used for the original amount of the elemental isotopes being investigated?	{ "text": [ "rare earth isotopes", "son isotopes", "daughter isotopes", "parent isotopes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
TAKS_2009_8_24	As a river enters a larger body of water, sediments are deposited over a wide area. Which of these landforms is likely to be formed at the site of deposition?	{ "text": [ "Cave", "Mountain", "Delta", "Valley" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7085558	The breaking of a mineral into small, flat sheets is known as	{ "text": [ "luster.", "streak.", "cleavage.", "hardness." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
NYSEDREGENTS_2015_8_32	Which device directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy?	{ "text": [ "solar-powered calculator", "wood-burning stove", "battery-powered flashlight", "wind-powered sailboat" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }	3	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_402116	A student is trying to model an ocean environment. What is the most important factor the student should add to the aquarium in order to make sure that the model is accurate?	{ "text": [ "starfish", "seaweed", "salt water", "coral reef" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MCAS_8_2015_17	A hearing aid is a small device that contains an amplifier, a battery, a microphone, and a speaker. Which part of a hearing aid functions to detect sounds in the user's environment?	{ "text": [ "the amplifier", "the battery", "the microphone", "the speaker" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_410835	Mrs. Garry's class wants to know if their area has more acid rain than other parts of the state. Which would be the best way for them to begin research?	{ "text": [ "contact other schools within the state", "study science textbooks in the library", "look for current acid rain studies on the Internet", "examine soil samples taken at different locations" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7024745	A student wants to perform an experiment to determine what temperature is best for growing tomato plants. Which is the best piece of equipment to use in this experiment to measure the independent variable?	{ "text": [ "rain gauge", "light meter", "tape measure", "thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7283710	All energy resources have benefits, risks, and drawbacks. Which two resources present the most dangerous risks and consequences for the environment during their acquisition?	{ "text": [ "oil and coal", "coal and solar energy", "geothermal energy and oil", "solar energy and geothermal energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7026898	During a laboratory investigation, a student cracks a clean, empty Erlenmeyer flask. It does not break, but it can no longer be used. Where should the flask be placed?	{ "text": [ "trash can", "biohazard bag", "broken glass bin", "hazardous waste bin" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy
MEAP_2004_8_1	Tony always drinks water before and after his long bike rides. Why does his body need water when he exercises?	{ "text": [ "Drinking water after exercise allows the body to sleep.", "Drinking water after exercise helps to replace lost fluids.", "Drinking water before exercise helps increase the heart rate.", "Drinking water before exercise prevents the body from sweating." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7264180	In 2001, NASA launched a probe to investigate very low-energy radiation emitted when the universe began. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this probe observe and record?	{ "text": [ "infrared", "microwave", "ultraviolet", "visible" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_401296	Which trait gives owls an advantage when hunting at night?	{ "text": [ "large eyes", "broad wings", "straight beak", "smooth feathers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	A	ARC-Easy
Mercury_190803	Which type of adaptation allows an animal to deceive its predator?	{ "text": [ "large size", "protective coloration", "scent glands", "leathery skin" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_SC_400854	The pull of gravity from Earth has the greatest effect on	{ "text": [ "comets.", "the Sun.", "asteroids.", "the Moon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	D	ARC-Easy
Mercury_416378	Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?	{ "text": [ "7 a.m.", "2 p.m.", "9 p.m.", "midnight" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	B	ARC-Easy
Mercury_7248203	Two species of garter snake in the genus Thamnophis originated from a single ancestor. These two species live in the same geographic area, however, one lives in arid land and the other lives in water.Which of the following best identifies the cause of speciation between these two garter snakes?	{ "text": [ "mechanical isolation", "behavioral isolation", "habitat isolation", "allopatric isolation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }	C	ARC-Easy

Mercury_7250005

All living things are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Which function is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

{ "text": [ "aerobic respiration", "sexual reproduction", "protein production", "nitrogen fixation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7228690

Scientists are able to correlate time and the amount of difference between homologous genes when studying the divergence of two species because scientists have reliable estimates for which value?

{ "text": [ "rate of genetic mutations", "survival benefit of specific genes", "pressure of selection on base pairs", "number of bases in species' genomes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7188213

Isle Royale is a large island in Lake Superior. During the 1800s, most of the trees were removed, and the wolves and moose that lived on the island died. In the early 1900s, moose were reintroduced to the island. By 1925, the moose population on Isle Royale rose to about 2,000 individuals. Which best explains how the moose population grew so rapidly?

{ "text": [ "The death rate was greater than the birth rate.", "There was unlimited food for the moose to eat.", "The birth rate was constant and few moose died.", "There were no predators to control the population." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_409143

Sydney is learning about the sources of energy that can run out. Which energy source will run out the fastest?

{ "text": [ "flowing water", "natural gas", "sunlight", "wind" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2006_5_1

In the water cycle, rain, snow, or sleet falling to the ground is a form of

{ "text": [ "precipitation.", "condensation.", "evaporation.", "transpiration." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

TAKS_2009_5_29

Which two properties of a crayon will stay about the same after the crayon is melted?

{ "text": [ "Shape and physical state", "Temperature and hardness", "Color and mass", "Thickness and texture" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7080605

Which section of Earth is composed primarily of liquid metal?

{ "text": [ "crust", "mantle", "outer core", "inner core" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7041213

Sunlight is able to penetrate the top several meters of marine water, where most plant and animal life exists. Which of these systems are interacting in this description?

{ "text": [ "solar energy and ocean systems", "solar energy and weather systems", "weather systems and ocean systems", "solar energy, ocean systems, and weather systems" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7168718

The weight of an object can change because of the force that acts on that object. Which force causes the weight of an object to change?

{ "text": [ "gravitational", "electrical", "magnetic", "friction" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7236320

Which statement describes a characteristic of a gas that has a significant effect on the climates of both Earth and Venus?

{ "text": [ "Nitrogen is chemically inert.", "Sodium vapor reflects solar energy.", "Carbon dioxide traps solar energy.", "Argon is unable to react with water." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2013_5_4

An organism eats grass and is preyed upon by a carnivore. Which categories describe this organism?

{ "text": [ "producer and consumer", "consumer and herbivore", "decomposer and producer", "herbivore and decomposer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2011_8_17696

Which of the following units best represents the density of an object?

{ "text": [ "kg", "hr", "m/s^2", "g/cm^3" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_407441

When a baker bakes bread, he prepares the dough by mixing 2 cups of flour with 1 cup of water. The water needs to be 85°F. Which tools are best for the baker to measure both the volume and temperature of the water?

{ "text": [ "a balance and a ruler", "a balance and a thermometer", "a measuring cup and a balance", "a measuring cup and a thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400359

Which event occurs only twice each year?

{ "text": [ "lunar eclipse", "full moon", "equinox", "low tide" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7033548

When an igneous intrusion comes into contact with surrounding rock, the surrounding rock will

{ "text": [ "erode.", "foliate.", "precipitate.", "recrystallize." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

OHAT_2007_8_44

What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation significantly increased?

{ "text": [ "The year would be shorter.", "The year would be longer.", "The day would be shorter.", "The day would be longer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400675

A class is studying how gravity affects objects in motion. Which tool would best measure the distance an object travels after it is thrown?

{ "text": [ "a magnetic compass", "a meter stick", "a calculator", "a stop watch" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400693

The phases of the Moon are caused by the

{ "text": [ "tilt of the Earth.", "tilt of the Moon.", "revolution of the Earth around the Sun.", "revolution of the Moon around the Earth." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2012_8_18

The sum of all chemical reactions that take place within an organism is known as

{ "text": [ "evolution", "metabolism", "circulation", "reproduction" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

2

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7040758

What direction is the movement of the energy in a food web?

{ "text": [ "consumer to producer", "producer to consumer", "decomposer to producer", "decomposer to consumer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7137043

Which of these is the main source of the electromagnetic energy we use?

{ "text": [ "battery", "wind", "sun", "coal" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7069388

A flat piece of paper has a mass of 5 grams. When the paper is crumpled into a ball, the mass of the crumpled paper is

{ "text": [ "much more than that of the flat paper.", "slightly more than that of the flat paper.", "the same as that of the flat paper.", "slightly less than that of the flat paper." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7012495

Which of these atomic structures has the least amount of mass?

{ "text": [ "an ion", "a proton", "a neutron", "an electron" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2016_5_16

Water moves directly from a lake to the air by which of the following processes?

{ "text": [ "condensation", "evaporation", "precipitation", "sedimentation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2012_8_23643

Ann makes hats for people. She has each person select the fabric and a hat style before she makes the hat to fit the person's head size. Which type of manufacturing system is Ann most likely using to make hats?

{ "text": [ "mass production", "custom production", "automated production", "assembly line production" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7092190

Through which activity do animals get the carbon that is needed for their bodies?

{ "text": [ "eating", "breathing", "running", "sleeping" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2003_5_3

What causes sound?

{ "text": [ "sunlight", "vibrations", "x-rays", "pitch" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401624

The egg stage in the life cycle of a bird is most like which phase in the life cycle of certain types of flowers?

{ "text": [ "seed", "spore", "pollen", "immature flower" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7014560

Which pieces of equipment would be used to measure the density of a solution?

{ "text": [ "a ruler and a protractor", "a magnet and a thermometer", "a graduated cylinder and a balance", "an Erlenmeyer flask and a Bunsen burner" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408439

Brian knows deserts get less rain than other ecosystems. However, he also knows that plants can survive in the desert. Which characteristic of a plant most likely helps it live in a desert?

{ "text": [ "the ability to store water", "the ability to attract insects", "the ability to stop predators", "the ability to drop its leaves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_405510

Which statement describes the formation of a delta?

{ "text": [ "A large mass of ice and snow accumulates.", "A mound of sand is built by wind.", "A low area of land is surrounded by mountains.", "A mass of sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7207463

Which of these properties of water has the greatest effect on the water cycle?

{ "text": [ "neutral pH", "freezing and boiling points", "dissolves many substances", "forms six-sided crystals" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2010_4_18

A student places soil in a plastic container to make a home for some worms. The student cuts holes in the top of the container because the worms need

{ "text": [ "space to move", "air to breathe", "sunlight to grow", "sound to communicate" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7110968

Which best explains why population growth can result in water shortages and rationing in certain areas?

{ "text": [ "Aquifers recharge slowly.", "Lake water is reserved for recreation.", "Increasing biomass decreases evaporation rates.", "Tall buildings impede the development of rain clouds." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

TIMSS_1995_8_L3

A girl found the skull of an animal. She did not know what the animal was but she was sure that it preyed on other animals for its food. What clue led to this conclusion?

{ "text": [ "The eye sockets faced sideways.", "The skull was much longer than it was wide.", "There was a projecting ridge along the top of the skull.", "Four of the teeth were long and pointed.", "The jaws could move sideways as well as up and down." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_416507

A student wrote the following claim on a homework assignment: "Eukaryotic cells need more lipids than prokaryotic cells." Which statement below provides the BEST support for her claim?

{ "text": [ "Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.", "Eukaryotic cells make up multicellular organisms.", "Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.", "Eukaryotic cells perform cellular respiration." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_416164

Ella waves good-bye from the bus. What body system pulls on bones to let Ella wave her arm?

{ "text": [ "muscular system", "nervous system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2000_8_24

Which is the best evidence for the theory of continental drift?

{ "text": [ "the appearance of volcanoes at the boundaries where plates collide", "earthquakes at boundaries where one plate slides past another", "cases where a species exists in only one isolated place", "fossils of the same species found on widely separated continents" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401161

Which liquid most likely contains a dissolved gas?

{ "text": [ "whole milk", "house paint", "mud puddle", "carbonated soda" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_21

Which three things do animals need from their environment in order to survive?

{ "text": [ "soil, water, and food", "soil, light, and water", "air, food, and water", "air, water, and light" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400115

Electrical energy is best described as

{ "text": [ "coming from the Sun.", "attracting objects.", "moving negative charges.", "developing radiation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7160545

In 1785, James Hutton, stated that evidence of past occurrences can be used to explain events which happen today. Which could most likely be used to explain an event in the geologic past?

{ "text": [ "sunspots", "earthquakes", "wave patterns", "cloud formations" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_412625

Which series correctly represents the levels of organization in an organism?

{ "text": [ "cells -> organs -> organ system -> tissue", "cells -> tissue -> organs -> organ system", "tissue -> cells -> organ system -> organs", "tissue -> organ system -> cells -> organs" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_4

Which tool should a student use to see the patterns on a small object?

{ "text": [ "balance", "hand lens", "thermometer", "graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2009_7_6

Stomata are tiny pores located on the leaves of plants. These pores permit the exchange of gases between air in the environment and plant cells located inside the leaf. Which tissue performs a similar function in vertebrates?

{ "text": [ "The cornea in the eye", "The alveoli in the lungs", "The chambers in the heart", "The salivary glands in the mouth" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2013_8_29426

Which of the following has changed over the last 200 years primarily due to human activity?

{ "text": [ "Earth's magnetic field", "the frequency of earthquakes", "Earth's tectonic plate activity", "the composition of the atmosphere" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401123

When light hits a mirror, most of the light is

{ "text": [ "refracted.", "reflected.", "absorbed.", "transmitted." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_405231

A scientist found fossils of ocean shells on a mountain top. Based on this find, which statement can be made?

{ "text": [ "The climate was once colder.", "The shells were carried by the wind.", "The mountain was covered by water.", "The shells once lived on dry land." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7084315

When potassium and bromine atoms form chemical bonds, which of these is produced?

{ "text": [ "an element", "a mixture", "a compound", "a new form of matter" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

AKDE&ED_2012_8_1

A student is asked to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling in a classroom. Which unit of measurement should the student most likely use to accurately measure this distance?

{ "text": [ "liter", "kiloliter", "meter", "kilometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_1998_8_19

A solar eclipse occurs when

{ "text": [ "the Moon blocks the Earth from the Sun.", "the first four planets in the solar system are aligned.", "Earth blocks the Moon from the Sun.", "Earth's shadow falls on the Sun." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2000_8_19

The bottom of the space shuttle is covered with ceramic tile. This material was chosen because it withstands

{ "text": [ "moisture.", "vibration.", "heat.", "light." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2010_4_11

Which tool would be most useful for observing the details of an insect's wings?

{ "text": [ "thermometer", "balance", "hand lens", "graduated cylinder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_415399

Two of Earth's plates pushed together, and the ground moved. What happened?

{ "text": [ "an earthquake", "a landslide", "a volcano", "an avalanche" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401143

A group of the same species of fish swim together to increase an individual's

{ "text": [ "swimming speed.", "body temperature.", "chance of survival.", "visibility to predators." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

VASoL_2009_5_34

Which part of a sunflower plant absorbs water and nutrients?

{ "text": [ "Roots", "Stems", "Leaves", "Flowers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

MEA_2014_8_2

Which statement describes an interaction between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere?

{ "text": [ "Flowing water carves through rock to form a canyon.", "Lava from an underwater volcano cools to form a mountain.", "Ashes rise from a volcanic eruption to block sunlight.", "Water vapor rises from the ocean to form clouds." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_412701

The conservation of matter can be demonstrated by using chemical equations. Which chemical equation demonstrates the conservation of matter?

{ "text": [ "2Sn + 4HNO_{3} -> SnO_{2} + 4NO_{2} + H_{2}O", "I_{2} + 5Cl_{2} + 6H_{2}O -> 2HIO_{3} + 10HCl", "Cl + 4Na -> 4NaCl", "4P + 5HNO_{3} -> 5NO + 3H_{3}PO_{4}" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401602

A model of the Moon would be different from a model of Earth in that the Moon should

{ "text": [ "be smaller than Earth.", "have a source of light inside.", "have a smoother surface than Earth.", "have fewer impact craters on the surface." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2003_8_33

The manufacturing process used to permanently put parts together is called

{ "text": [ "cutting.", "shaping.", "finishing.", "assembling." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_406779

A 13-year-old boy has blue eyes. Which statement concerning his eye color is correct?

{ "text": [ "It is a result of asexual reproduction.", "It is a result of childhood nutrition.", "It is an inherited characteristic.", "It is a personal choice." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7220518

Which trait is common in gases that contribute to Earth's greenhouse effect?

{ "text": [ "the ability to trap heat", "a tendency to lose electrons", "a tendency to exist as diatomic molecules", "the ability to bond with multiple other elements" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7041230

When nearly vertical rays of solar energy strike a region of the Earth, that area has warm temperatures. What region of the Earth gets nearly vertical rays of solar energy year around?

{ "text": [ "Equator", "Australia", "United States", "North and South Poles" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400132

A student conducts an investigation testing a material's effectiveness as a heat insulator. Which tool will help the student conduct this investigation safely?

{ "text": [ "a face mask", "plastic gloves", "a ventilator hood", "insulated gloves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7099225

Humans can do many things to impact the environment. Which of these is an example of how humans negatively impact the environment?

{ "text": [ "planting more trees", "burning less fossil fuel", "reducing beach erosion", "increasing water runoff" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

MSA_2012_8_9

The early Greeks are credited with many valid concepts in astronomy. Some of their theories were correct; some were later proven incorrect. One theory was that Earth was the center of the universe and that other planets circled Earth. The Greeks thought Earth did not move because its movement was not obvious from the surface of the planet. The Greeks also believed that an invisible sphere surrounding our planet contained the stars. This sphere rotated, explaining the apparent movement of constellations over time. Early Greeks also developed theories about the relationship between the moon and Earth. Why is the same side of the moon always visible from Earth?

{ "text": [ "The far side of the moon does not reflect sunlight.", "The moon stays in one location while Earth revolves around it.", "The period of rotation and the period of revolution for the moon are about the same.", "The moon rotates clockwise on its axis while Earth rotates counterclockwise on its axis." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_416521

Where is water most likely to be brackish?

{ "text": [ "sea", "lake", "river", "estuary" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7092400

As two continental plates collide, the edges of the plates are crumpled and uplifted. Which of these landforms is most likely a result of this type of collision?

{ "text": [ "normal faults", "mountain ranges", "U-shaped valleys", "shield volcanoes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

TIMSS_2007_8_pg26

In living things, large and complex molecules are broken down into small and simple molecules. What is this process called?

{ "text": [ "excretion", "absorption", "digestion", "circulation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

AKDE&ED_2008_8_18

The Sun heats the atmosphere of Earth unevenly. Which of the following is the most likely result of this uneven heating?

{ "text": [ "Convection in the atmosphere causes a change in air density, resulting in winds.", "Conduction through the atmosphere causes evaporation to occur over oceans, resulting in rain.", "Radiation from the Sun will reflect through the atmosphere back into space resulting in cooler evenings.", "Radiation from the Sun will cause atmospheric moisture to collect over mountain ranges resulting in snowfall." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_184170

The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of

{ "text": [ "nitrogen.", "water vapor.", "ozone.", "carbon monoxide." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7007770

What two factors determine the location of an electron around the nucleus of the atom?

{ "text": [ "speed and direction of the electron", "size of the electron and the neutron", "direction and strength of the electron", "energy and the attraction of the nucleus" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7210193

Which resource is more available due to improvements in deep-sea drilling technology?

{ "text": [ "crude oil", "fresh water", "thermal energy", "salt reserves" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7005128

Before strip mining for coal, the topsoil in the area is removed and stored. After mining operations are completed, the land is leveled and topsoil is replaced. The purpose of replacing topsoil is

{ "text": [ "to prevent wind from weathering and eroding surface coal.", "to prevent radioactive elements from polluting water sources.", "to provide an environment for new coal formation.", "to restore the area to a natural condition." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_22

Which two processes are common to all living things?

{ "text": [ "flying and breathing", "migrating and reproducing", "using nutrients and growing", "eliminating waste and hibernating" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2009_7_9

A ball rolling on the ground is observed to slow down and stop. Based on Newton's first law of motion, what is the best conclusion?

{ "text": [ "An object in motion eventually stops.", "The ball must have been going slightly uphill.", "The ball did not have enough mass to keep going.", "There must have been an outside force acting on the ball." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_408991

Carlos was playing on a slide on a sunny summer day. Which property of the slide tells Carlos how much energy the slide absorbed from the Sun?

{ "text": [ "the mass", "the color", "the height", "the temperature" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7246365

Which features form when magma emerges between two diverging oceanic plates?

{ "text": [ "ocean trenches", "fault boundaries", "mid-ocean ridges", "composite volcanoes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MEA_2011_8_15

How would the Sun appear to an astronaut on Pluto compared with how it looks from Earth?

{ "text": [ "The Sun would appear larger and brighter.", "The Sun would appear smaller and brighter.", "The Sun would appear larger and dimmer.", "The Sun would appear smaller and dimmer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7008453

Part of a student's experiment is to measure changes in wind speed several hours before a storm. What piece of equipment should the student use?

{ "text": [ "barometer", "hygrometer", "anemometer", "weather vane" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7068985

The symptoms of strep throat infection are a red and swollen throat. What is the most likely cause of strep throat?

{ "text": [ "eating raw vegetables", "drinking lemonade", "invading bacteria", "running in cold weather" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

ACTAAP_2011_5_6

Which mineral, found in Arkansas, is an ore that can be used to produce aluminum?

{ "text": [ "quartz", "galena", "bauxite", "diamond" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_2000_8_28

Which is the best way to generate an electrical current in a coil of wire?

{ "text": [ "stroking the coil with a piece of silk", "heating the coil uniformly", "laying the coil near a magnet", "rotating the coil in a magnetic field" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_177678

To calculate the relative age of rocks, geologists use the rate of radioactive decay of isotopes present in their samples. What is the term used for the original amount of the elemental isotopes being investigated?

{ "text": [ "rare earth isotopes", "son isotopes", "daughter isotopes", "parent isotopes" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

TAKS_2009_8_24

As a river enters a larger body of water, sediments are deposited over a wide area. Which of these landforms is likely to be formed at the site of deposition?

{ "text": [ "Cave", "Mountain", "Delta", "Valley" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7085558

The breaking of a mineral into small, flat sheets is known as

{ "text": [ "luster.", "streak.", "cleavage.", "hardness." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

NYSEDREGENTS_2015_8_32

Which device directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy?

{ "text": [ "solar-powered calculator", "wood-burning stove", "battery-powered flashlight", "wind-powered sailboat" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

3

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_402116

A student is trying to model an ocean environment. What is the most important factor the student should add to the aquarium in order to make sure that the model is accurate?

{ "text": [ "starfish", "seaweed", "salt water", "coral reef" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MCAS_8_2015_17

A hearing aid is a small device that contains an amplifier, a battery, a microphone, and a speaker. Which part of a hearing aid functions to detect sounds in the user's environment?

{ "text": [ "the amplifier", "the battery", "the microphone", "the speaker" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_410835

Mrs. Garry's class wants to know if their area has more acid rain than other parts of the state. Which would be the best way for them to begin research?

{ "text": [ "contact other schools within the state", "study science textbooks in the library", "look for current acid rain studies on the Internet", "examine soil samples taken at different locations" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7024745

A student wants to perform an experiment to determine what temperature is best for growing tomato plants. Which is the best piece of equipment to use in this experiment to measure the independent variable?

{ "text": [ "rain gauge", "light meter", "tape measure", "thermometer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7283710

All energy resources have benefits, risks, and drawbacks. Which two resources present the most dangerous risks and consequences for the environment during their acquisition?

{ "text": [ "oil and coal", "coal and solar energy", "geothermal energy and oil", "solar energy and geothermal energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7026898

During a laboratory investigation, a student cracks a clean, empty Erlenmeyer flask. It does not break, but it can no longer be used. Where should the flask be placed?

{ "text": [ "trash can", "biohazard bag", "broken glass bin", "hazardous waste bin" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy

MEAP_2004_8_1

Tony always drinks water before and after his long bike rides. Why does his body need water when he exercises?

{ "text": [ "Drinking water after exercise allows the body to sleep.", "Drinking water after exercise helps to replace lost fluids.", "Drinking water before exercise helps increase the heart rate.", "Drinking water before exercise prevents the body from sweating." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7264180

In 2001, NASA launched a probe to investigate very low-energy radiation emitted when the universe began. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum does this probe observe and record?

{ "text": [ "infrared", "microwave", "ultraviolet", "visible" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_401296

Which trait gives owls an advantage when hunting at night?

{ "text": [ "large eyes", "broad wings", "straight beak", "smooth feathers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

A

ARC-Easy

Mercury_190803

Which type of adaptation allows an animal to deceive its predator?

{ "text": [ "large size", "protective coloration", "scent glands", "leathery skin" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_SC_400854

The pull of gravity from Earth has the greatest effect on

{ "text": [ "comets.", "the Sun.", "asteroids.", "the Moon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

D

ARC-Easy

Mercury_416378

Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?

{ "text": [ "7 a.m.", "2 p.m.", "9 p.m.", "midnight" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

B

ARC-Easy

Mercury_7248203

Two species of garter snake in the genus Thamnophis originated from a single ancestor. These two species live in the same geographic area, however, one lives in arid land and the other lives in water.Which of the following best identifies the cause of speciation between these two garter snakes?

{ "text": [ "mechanical isolation", "behavioral isolation", "habitat isolation", "allopatric isolation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

C

ARC-Easy