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in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and that keeps happening . still your equilibrium price was higher than your price necessary for a normal profit , or a zero economic profit . and so more people enter still . | how do you find the price needed for economic profit ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | because depending on whether the equilibrium price is above or below this , at some point , supply will enter or exit the system so that we eventually get back to some point along this long-run supply curve right over here . now , this was assuming perfect competition . many players , identical products , we did it for... | is cell phone market a perfect competitive market or monopolistic competition ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and so they could have a new supply curve that looks like this . and we have a new equilibrium price that is even higher . and it 's at a lower equilibrium quantity . | what factors will determine whether the price of cell phones will rise , fall , or stay the same in the new long-run equilibrium ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | because depending on whether the equilibrium price is above or below this , at some point , supply will enter or exit the system so that we eventually get back to some point along this long-run supply curve right over here . now , this was assuming perfect competition . many players , identical products , we did it for... | how is price and output determined for both perfect competition and monopoly ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | in fact , they can even go the other direction . even though they 're already making some economic profit , they might determine , hey , we can make even more economic profit if we lower the quantity offered even more . so they might even take supply out of the market . | if the firms makes an economic profit in the shortrun , does it also make an economic profit in the long run ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | why do we fight to keep monopolies ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | they are the one that the government is allowing to participate . and price information , we do n't really care about . there 's only one price quote coming from one player . | hey , is n't the price and hence demand predetermined by the industry ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | you 're not going to have this trend where more and more supply gets on the market until you get to this long-run supply curve . in fact , there will not be this long-run supply curve . the long-run supply curve is whatever , frankly , the monopolist decides they want to do . | then why is the firm 's short run dd curve a normal downward sloping one and why is it not like that of the long run ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and we move further to the bottom right of this demand curve . and it keeps happening until we have a supply curve , where the equilibrium price , where this new short-term equilibrium price , is the same as the price at which everyone is making a normal profit , or the price needed for zero economic profit . at that p... | can a monopolist control the quantity of output at a price ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | so at least in the framework of that board game , of the monopoly board game , the parker brothers board game , you have a monopoly on the blue . if you own park place and boardwalk , you have a monopoly on that part of the market . so then that 's what you try to do . | what is the difference between a competitive market and a monopoly ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | because depending on whether the equilibrium price is above or below this , at some point , supply will enter or exit the system so that we eventually get back to some point along this long-run supply curve right over here . now , this was assuming perfect competition . many players , identical products , we did it for... | you mentioned perfect competition..but how is a monopoly compared to a competitive market ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | you 're not going to have this trend where more and more supply gets on the market until you get to this long-run supply curve . in fact , there will not be this long-run supply curve . the long-run supply curve is whatever , frankly , the monopolist decides they want to do . if this is where their profits are optimize... | wait -- in the long-run , is n't the supply curve of the perfectly competitive firm equal to marginal cost curve , not demand ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and we move further to the bottom right of this demand curve . and it keeps happening until we have a supply curve , where the equilibrium price , where this new short-term equilibrium price , is the same as the price at which everyone is making a normal profit , or the price needed for zero economic profit . at that p... | how come the long run equilibrium price does n't ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and so more people enter still . and so we have another short-term supply curve . and we move further to the bottom right of this demand curve . | is the part of the marginal cost curve above the average variable cost curve , the short-run supply curve for a monoply like in a perfect competition ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | but the question is , how do they set that ? how would they determine where along this curve that they would like to either set the price , or i guess you could say set the quantity by limiting production in some way ? | would a natural monopoly pay its workers a wage equal to their marginal revenue product like a competitive firm would ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and that keeps happening . still your equilibrium price was higher than your price necessary for a normal profit , or a zero economic profit . and so more people enter still . | will the reduction in a monopolist 's fixed cost decrease the profit maximizing price and increase the profit maximizing quantity produced ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | now when we do that , when we talk about one player as the only player in the market , we are not talking about perfect competition . we are then talking about a monopoly . and it is the same word as perhaps one of your favorite board games . | what is oligopoly and how does it differ to a monopoly ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | still your equilibrium price was higher than your price necessary for a normal profit , or a zero economic profit . and so more people enter still . and so we have another short-term supply curve . | are there still any monopolies in the united states ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | you 're not going to have this trend where more and more supply gets on the market until you get to this long-run supply curve . in fact , there will not be this long-run supply curve . the long-run supply curve is whatever , frankly , the monopolist decides they want to do . if this is where their profits are optimize... | if monopolist 's fixed costs increase , would this raise the ac curve ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | but the question is , how do they set that ? how would they determine where along this curve that they would like to either set the price , or i guess you could say set the quantity by limiting production in some way ? | would tax affect monoplist 's variable costs or avc curve ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | but the question is , how do they set that ? how would they determine where along this curve that they would like to either set the price , or i guess you could say set the quantity by limiting production in some way ? | if mc curve is unaffected , would a flat tax change the max-profit output ? |
in the last video we saw that if we had a market with perfect competition , and if the current short-term equilibrium price is above the price the necessary or is above the price at which firms would be generating economic profit , then more and more firms would start entering . because if the economic profit is positi... | and that keeps happening . still your equilibrium price was higher than your price necessary for a normal profit , or a zero economic profit . and so more people enter still . | if tax did not affect mc , mr , or max-profit output , would the price be changed ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | so there 's someone who 's cured or they 're not cancering right now . and there is actually cancer in their blood . but because they 're healthy now , or healthier , or they 're healhing , or i guess however you want to call it , that cancer is n't able to take hold . | does this mean that cancer may even be infectious like hiv , transferrable via blood between individuals with `` compatible '' tissue ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | so you could either have a rotten egg , so this kind of crazy mess , smelly thing , or you have this cute , adorable chicken . david agus : although they call babies , chicks . salman khan : chicks , or chick . yes . | why is important to turn the eggs an uneven number of times to get chicks ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | so there 's someone who 's cured or they 're not cancering right now . and there is actually cancer in their blood . but because they 're healthy now , or healthier , or they 're healhing , or i guess however you want to call it , that cancer is n't able to take hold . | since cancer metastasizes by traveling in the blood stream to other locations , especially the brain , is there a drug that exists or could be invented that would help the kidneys and spleen filter the cancer out of the blood like they do with waste ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | remember , if a patient has early cancer , we 've learned a lot in the last 10 years . so if you have early cancer , and i cure you with surgery , the day before surgery i can always find cancer cells in the blood , -- salman khan : wow . david agus : -- even though you were cured . | this may be a difficult question to answer , but is it possible to remove the metastatic cells prior to `` curative '' surgery from the blood to reduce the risk of recurrence ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | i 'm not putting them in a fridge , i 'm assuming . i 'm just -- david agus : you 'd have a rotten egg . exactly . | for the egg on how does changing the temp and rotating the egg keep it from rotting ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | let 's get chemicals that will be toxic to these cells and kill them . what you 're saying is cancer really starts to become a real negative once it spreads . and what you 're saying is let 's keep it from spreading maybe where it 's the most common to spread , which is in the bone . | was the doctor saying that cells may have gotten into blood streams but have really not metastasized if they have n't really infected other parts of the body ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : wow . david agus : at the end of that trial , new breast cancer , so a separate breast cancer -- because once you have one breast cancer , you can get another breast cancer -- that was down by 35 % , salman khan : wow . david agus : so this notion of changing the system -- because remember , this is a dru... | why do humans ( and other species ) get cancer anyway ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . | how do you fix crippling depression ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patients . and i have a lab that looks at new ways and technologies to understand and treat cancer . | what is the osteoporosis drug that was used in the breast cancer study and are they beginning to recommend it for patients like tamoxifen ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . | what is the room temperature have to do with life or rotten ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | they 're trying to focus on this thing right over here . and you 're advocating for kind of a more systemic way of thinking about it , where you think about everything that this might involve or that might affect it . david agus : it 's so wild is that for the last several decades , we 're trying to focus on the indivi... | what does `` systemic '' mean ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | and they took breast cancer and they put it in the left breast and the right breast . and they colored them red and green , the cells . they waited a day , they went back , and the cells were half red , half green ; half red , half green . | does someone could share the publication with the green/red labeled cancer cells experiment ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : wow . david agus : at the end of that trial , new breast cancer , so a separate breast cancer -- because once you have one breast cancer , you can get another breast cancer -- that was down by 35 % , salman khan : wow . david agus : so this notion of changing the system -- because remember , this is a dru... | i do n't know what else i can do to make my system any healthier to avoid these breast cancer cells from reattaching & start `` cancering '' again , any suggestions ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : ok. david agus : and so what 's amazing is -- salman khan : that 's in their liver . david agus : colon cancer looks a certain way , in a lymph node , in the liver , on a cat scan . and it always looks that way . | so why would a colon cancer cell want to live and grow in the liver or lymph node ( as in the pics ) ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . | is there a book or publicly available research document that can be used for us take a healthing approach to a problem or are we limited to the oppinions and training of our dr 's ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | right . david agus : the reason is breast cancer metastasizes to bone . salman khan : and it metastasizes , it spreads to bone . | can cancer weaken your bone ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | it 's the coolest clinical trial . and they took women after optimal therapy for breast cancer , these they were women who were premenopausal , so really aggressive breast cancer . half of them , after treatment , got placebo . | who gets cancer more men or women ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | right . david agus : the reason is breast cancer metastasizes to bone . salman khan : and it metastasizes , it spreads to bone . | at 06 where breast cancer metastasises to bone , is this because the sufferer has osteoporosis and have studies been performed on sufferers of cancer who do n't have bone deficiencies to see what happens with the cancer in those circumstances ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : wow . david agus : at the end of that trial , new breast cancer , so a separate breast cancer -- because once you have one breast cancer , you can get another breast cancer -- that was down by 35 % , salman khan : wow . david agus : so this notion of changing the system -- because remember , this is a dru... | also does breast cancer affect people who do n't have bone deficiencies ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : wow . david agus : at the end of that trial , new breast cancer , so a separate breast cancer -- because once you have one breast cancer , you can get another breast cancer -- that was down by 35 % , salman khan : wow . david agus : so this notion of changing the system -- because remember , this is a dru... | is there a link to the mouse breast cancer article anywhere ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | david agus : well , if i gave you those eggs , and i put them in your office , and i say come back in three weeks , what would you have ? salman khan : they would go bad . i 'm not putting them in a fridge , i 'm assuming . | would this become sort of a heart stem-cell ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patients . and i have a lab that looks at new ways and technologies to understand and treat cancer . | how are stages of cancer determined ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | and so you 're saying , hey , let 's look at the things systemically , as opposed to just -- david agus : hunting . put some lights in the area , put some police driving by . but all of a sudden , the crime level goes down . | how are numerical labels put on the severity of the disease ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | david agus : and so that 's what we 're doing here . we 're making the bone different . salman khan : right . | what kind of different cancers are ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | exactly . but if i was clever and i changed the temperature in your office to 99.5 % degrees fahrenheit and i rotated those eggs three times , it has to be an odd number , then at the end of three weeks , i 'd have a chicken . salman khan : so that 's what this other picture is . | why rotating an odd number ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | david agus : yeah . salman khan : and so this is clearly a picture of eggs . why are we looking at eggs ? david agus : well , if i gave you those eggs , and i put them in your office , and i say come back in three weeks , what would you have ? | can eggs hatch in space with no gravity ? |
salman khan : this is sal here . and i have dr. david agus visiting the office . and i want you to introduce yourself because you have kind of an interesting life . david agus : interesting life is scary . but i 'm a professor of medicine and engineering at the university of southern california . i treat cancer patient... | salman khan : wow . david agus : at the end of that trial , new breast cancer , so a separate breast cancer -- because once you have one breast cancer , you can get another breast cancer -- that was down by 35 % , salman khan : wow . david agus : so this notion of changing the system -- because remember , this is a dru... | hi i have had surgery for stage2 breast cancer , am i right in thinking that the cancer was already in my blood stream at that time , and would the osteoporosis prevention treatment be a good option for me ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | so , standard temperature and pressure is just kind of a nice theoretical condition that we can perform kind of situational experiments with . the second thing i need to clarify is that we find experimentally , that for any ideal gas , one mole of gas takes up a volume of approximately 22.4 liters . we 're going to use... | wont the molecular mass or size of the gas affect the volume of gas as the size of the molecule would change ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | the constant r is equal to .0821 atmospheres times liters divided by moles kelvin . this is the ideal gas constant . it 's going to be the same for all ideal gases , as long as we 're dealing with pressure in atmospheres , and volume and liters . | if 224 l of natural gas are burned in this fuel cell at stp , how many moles of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases are produced ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | for our pressure , we have one atmosphere , and then we have one mole . we know that one mole is 22.4 liters , so , that 's our volume . again , we know that at standard temperature and pressure we 're talking about 273 kelvin . | how is it determined that 1 mol of any gass occupies 22.4 liters ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | the constant r is equal to .0821 atmospheres times liters divided by moles kelvin . this is the ideal gas constant . it 's going to be the same for all ideal gases , as long as we 're dealing with pressure in atmospheres , and volume and liters . | is this the point at which adding more any more gas would result in condensation to liquid phase ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | instead of measuring the volume of one mole in liters , instead of saying that it 's equal 22.4 liters , i 'll want to do it in cubic meters , because that 's another si unit . one cubic meter is equal to 1,000 liters . this means that if we take 22.4 liters , and we do a dimensional analysis , we 're going to get .022... | 0 he says 1 cubic meter is 1000 l. does n't this depend on the density of the fluid ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | we 're going to use these conditions to find the ideal gas constant . let 's start with r equals pv over nt . in four condition 's , we 're going to talk about one mole at standard temperature and pressure . | what do pv and nt represent ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | : all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | anybody knows what is called a gas ? |
: all right . so , we just put together an equation based off some basic observations of gas , and we called it the ideal gas equation , or pv equals nrt . for the most part , the equation is pretty intuitive , but i remember when i was learning it for the first time , the part that confused me the most was this const... | we have 101,325 newtons per meter squared . we would take our volume , and that 's .0224 meters cubed , and so , we would put that in there . most of our meters would cancel . | c7h16 ( l ) + 11o2 ( g ) -- > 7co2 ( g ) + 8h2o ( l ) what volume ( in ml ) would 0.345 moles of gaseous co2 occupy at stp ? |
( jazz music ) : we 're in the whitney museum of american art in new york and we 're look at a late eva hesse . this is from 1970 and like so much of her sculpture , it 's simply untitled . : it 's rope hung in the corner of the room . different sizes and textures hung from the ceiling , almost like a hammock . : wh... | : part of what this work is about is the way that this can be hung in different ways . hesse left that open . : we have rope that she 's handled in all kinds of different ways . | who found the painting in hesse 's studio ? |
( jazz music ) : we 're in the whitney museum of american art in new york and we 're look at a late eva hesse . this is from 1970 and like so much of her sculpture , it 's simply untitled . : it 's rope hung in the corner of the room . different sizes and textures hung from the ceiling , almost like a hammock . : wh... | the rope is , of course , completely flexible , malleable , but with the latex coating , it becomes a little stiffer . the rope does maintain some of its original turn and arabesque and arching , on the other hand , we can reorganize it . that seems , to me , to be very much a part of the intention of the sculpture , s... | dr. zucker , help me to understand `` arabesque '' because i thought i knew what it meant to a degree , but when you used it what were you meaning was `` arabesque '' about this work ? |
( jazz music ) : we 're in the whitney museum of american art in new york and we 're look at a late eva hesse . this is from 1970 and like so much of her sculpture , it 's simply untitled . : it 's rope hung in the corner of the room . different sizes and textures hung from the ceiling , almost like a hammock . : wh... | : which is a really radical idea , it seems to me . the whole idea of art , often , is the artist 's intention realized in the work of art and that sense of self expression and as soon as someone else can come in and hang it slightly differently or do something else differently to it , it seems to me that that 's a ra... | is the art angry and chaotic or is it confused or calm ? |
( jazz music ) : we 're in the whitney museum of american art in new york and we 're look at a late eva hesse . this is from 1970 and like so much of her sculpture , it 's simply untitled . : it 's rope hung in the corner of the room . different sizes and textures hung from the ceiling , almost like a hammock . : wh... | : which is a really radical idea , it seems to me . the whole idea of art , often , is the artist 's intention realized in the work of art and that sense of self expression and as soon as someone else can come in and hang it slightly differently or do something else differently to it , it seems to me that that 's a ra... | is n't drawn things art ? |
aging is a natural process , and with it come changes in memory . most people associate aging with declines in cognitive performance . my mom will say she 's having a senior moment when she forgets something , for example . but never fear . not all cognitive changes in adulthood are negative . some abilities remain rel... | although recognition is stable , it 's harder for older adults than younger adults to generate responses without cues , like there are in a free recall or sometimes cued recall task . similarly , episodic memory is impaired . often memories formed a long time ago will be relatively stable , but forming new episodic mem... | what is episodic memory ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . | will the sign of the answer be the same ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | now , the same argument we can do here . to find this determinant , we can just go down that row . the determinant of this is just going to be equal to -- let 's write out -- let 's not forget our a , 1 , 1 out there . | hi sal , do row operations preserve the determinant ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | we could go down that first row right there . the determinant of our matrix , a , is equal to this guy -- a , 1 , 1 -- times the determinant of its submatrix . that 's going to be a , 2 , 2 . | if we know that row operations do n't change the determinant and that the rref of an invertible matrix ( which is a triangular matrix ) is the identity matrix , would n't that mean that all invertible matrices have a determinant of 1 ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . | what if in a 4x4 matrix the elements of the diagnol other than main diagnol are say a , b , c , d and everything else is a zero ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | let me write that down . this whole class , where you have 0 's below the main diagonal , these are called upper triangular matrices . matrices , just like that . now , we keep doing the process over and over again . | this might be a stupid question , but is the takeaway here that upper triangular matrices always have a determinant ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | everything down here is a bunch of 0 's . this is another of what we call an upper triangular matrix . let me write that down . | what if the matrix is the upper and the lower triangle are all zeros ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | let me write that down . this whole class , where you have 0 's below the main diagonal , these are called upper triangular matrices . matrices , just like that . | if you have an upper triangular matrix , but one or more of the entries above the main diagonal are 0 's , will this method not work then to determine the determinant ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | you could cancel out -- or times the determinant of its submatrix , that row and that column . you 'd get b , c , 0 , f. and then you have plus 0 times -- you get rid of that row , that column , you get b , c , d , e. obviously , these two guys are going to be 0 . i do n't care what these 2 by 2 matrices -- what their ... | what happens when i get a row of zeroes ? |
let 's say i have a matrix where everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . and i 'll start -- just for the sake of argument , let 's start with a 2 by 2 matrix . i have the values a , b , 0 , and d. instead of a c , i have a 0 there , so everything below the main diagonal is a 0 . what is the determinant of this goin... | let me write that down . this whole class , where you have 0 's below the main diagonal , these are called upper triangular matrices . matrices , just like that . now , we keep doing the process over and over again . | does the diagonal product case for evaluating determinants hold true for lower triangular matrices ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | also , v-tach can turn into another deadly heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation , also called v-fib . in v-fib , the heart does n't even beat . instead , the walls are spasming and blood ca n't circulate through the rest of the body . | why does n't v-fib correct itself like a-fib does ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | instead , the walls are spasming and blood ca n't circulate through the rest of the body . why would someone have a prolonged qt interval or a long qt syndrome ? a person can have a prolonged qt for a couple of reasons . | so is someone that has prolonged qt syndrome also considered to have torsades de pointes ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | also , v-tach can turn into another deadly heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation , also called v-fib . in v-fib , the heart does n't even beat . instead , the walls are spasming and blood ca n't circulate through the rest of the body . | how come a-fib does n't result in death but v-fib does ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | also , v-tach can turn into another deadly heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation , also called v-fib . in v-fib , the heart does n't even beat . instead , the walls are spasming and blood ca n't circulate through the rest of the body . | and is there any relation between atrial tachycardias and a-fib ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | for whatever reason , they have a delay in repolarization and that delay affects the refractory periods , or the recovery times , of heart cells . the heart likes it when its cells work in unison . if there are differences in refractory times in neighboring heart cells , that can set you up to have a ventricular tachyc... | and can a defliberator cause any damage to the heart or surrounding organs ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | poly just implies that there are multiple , that there are multiple qrs intervals . torsades de pointes is actually french for twisting of the points . what does that mean ? | why does torsades de points turn into ventricular fibrilation ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | if that 's not reversed immediately , then the result is rapid death . why does v-tach turn into v-fib ? in v-tach , there 's either an irritated area of the ventricles , or some sort of abnormal circuit that 's going around in circles firing away , making the heart beat really fast . | does standard v tachycardia and torsardes de pointes carry the same risks of resulting v fib ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | what you 'll get is a twisted party streamer that 's going to look a lot like this . you 'll notice the dips and waves in the twist . this is what a polymorphic v-tach looks like on ekg . | is the only difference that torsardes is easily recognisable due to the polymorphinc r waves ? |
torsades de pointes is type of ventricular tachycardia , or v-tach . specifically , it 's a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia . the polymorphic v-tach in torsades always follows long qt intervals . in torsades you have a long qt that 's followed by a polymorphic v-tach . what does all that mean ? this is a lot to sw... | this is what a polymorphic v-tach looks like on ekg . it looks like this twisted party streamer , where you have high amplitude qrs waves , and low amplitude , high amplitude , low amplitude , high amplitude , and it keeps on going back and forth . the qrss appear to flip around a horizontal axis . | what is the mechanism behind the high-low-high-low amplitude qrs complex creation ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | no individual can have a better chance of getting it on than any other . no mutations . because mutations modify the gene-pool . | were mutations understood at all during that time ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | no mutations . because mutations modify the gene-pool . hardy-weinberg demands a gigantic population size because the smaller the population , the more likely you are to get genetic drift . | where the majority of the population does not reproduce : how come there is any genetical diversity whatsoever in their gene pool ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | and here 's our old friend chucky d. he lets me call him that . all this information that mendel figured out would have been , really , quite interesting to him because darwin spent his whole life defending his ideas of natural selection as the primary force for evolution . darwin had no idea how traits were passed on ... | how did charles darwin reach the conclusion that natural selection is the mechanism of evolution ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | what 's happening , if this is happening twice in every individual . what we need to do is square it . when we square that equation , if you remember algebra at all , you get p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 . that my friends is what hardy and weinberg did and it is the hardy-weinberg equation . | why do we square the equation ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | mutation ; new alleles popping up due to mistakes in dna . genetic drift ; changes an allele frequency due to random chance . gene flow ; changes in allele frequency due to mixing with new genetically different populations . | whats the difference between genetic drift and natural selection.. ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | finally , when it comes to allele game changers you got to respect the gene flow which is when individuals with different genes find their way into a population and spread their alleles all over the place . immigration and emigration are good examples of this . as with genetic drift , its effects are most easily seen i... | can you give me an example of a good mutation ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | sometimes when eggs and sperm are formed through meiosis , a mistake happens in the copying process of dna , that errors in the dna could result in the death or deformation of offspring . but not all mutations are harmful . sometimes these mistakes can create new alleles that benefit the individual by making it better ... | when hank mentions that not all mutations are harmful , how would a mutation be harmful ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | mutation ; new alleles popping up due to mistakes in dna . genetic drift ; changes an allele frequency due to random chance . gene flow ; changes in allele frequency due to mixing with new genetically different populations . | remind me , what is an allele ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | immigration and emigration are good examples of this . as with genetic drift , its effects are most easily seen in small populations . again , our factors : natural selection ; alleles for fitter organisms become more frequent . | why does genetic drift need a small population ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | no individual can have a better chance of getting it on than any other . no mutations . because mutations modify the gene-pool . | were mutations understood at all during that time ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | as with genetic drift , its effects are most easily seen in small populations . again , our factors : natural selection ; alleles for fitter organisms become more frequent . sexual selection ; alleles for more sexually attractive organisms become more frequent . | would not natural selection cause organisms that were attracted to useless traits to drop out of the gene pool ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | p^2 is the odds of it being a ww . this 2pq here is the heterozygotes and the q^2 is the homozygous recessive . good news , we know ww , we know the homozygous recessive , it 's .009 so we already have that information . | where did the 2pq come from ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | to make sure that happens no funny stuff is allowed to go on . to it , the hardy-weinberg equilibrium requires no natural selection . which means that no alleles are more beneficial than any other . | is there a population that is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium ? |
man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . the super monk who discovered the basic principles of genetics . hopefully you remember all of these , both parents contribute one version of each of their genes called an allele to their offspring and some of those alleles are dominant or always expressed while others ... | man : hey look . it 's our friend gregor mendel . | what 's the difference between homozeugos and heterozeugos ? |
so in the last video we were talking about the system of labor in the chesapeake area , surrounding the chesapeake bay , in the early english colonies in america . and one thing that seemed a little bit strange there was that even though the first ship with enslaved africans arrived in virginia in 1619 , slavery was n... | well there 's one major event that historians tend to point to as a turning point in american slavery . and that is the rebellion led by nathaniel bacon in 1676 . so let 's talk a little bit more about that . | what did nathaniel bacon die of ? |
so in the last video we were talking about the system of labor in the chesapeake area , surrounding the chesapeake bay , in the early english colonies in america . and one thing that seemed a little bit strange there was that even though the first ship with enslaved africans arrived in virginia in 1619 , slavery was n... | he refuses to take on another war of extinction against the native americans , which makes a lot of white servants and white freeman pretty angry . it 's the late 1600s now , and more and more of these indentured servants are living to finish out their terms of indenture . they have now built up some immunity to these ... | why did the indentured servants start living longer ? |
so in the last video we were talking about the system of labor in the chesapeake area , surrounding the chesapeake bay , in the early english colonies in america . and one thing that seemed a little bit strange there was that even though the first ship with enslaved africans arrived in virginia in 1619 , slavery was n... | and then , just a tiny handful of black slaves . and in this time period , white indentured servants and black slaves , black free people , also a tiny number , did n't have that much difference when it came to political rights . in fact , white indentured servants frequently complained that they felt that slaves were ... | but if many people were dying how did the landowners outlive the indentured servants ? |
so in the last video we were talking about the system of labor in the chesapeake area , surrounding the chesapeake bay , in the early english colonies in america . and one thing that seemed a little bit strange there was that even though the first ship with enslaved africans arrived in virginia in 1619 , slavery was n... | so this is a biracial raid force for native americans , and they raid native american villages , and kill many native americans living in the area , and governor berkeley wants them to stop . and instead of stopping , they marched to jamestown , the capital of virginia , and set it on fire . so this is a group of landl... | if jamestown was the capital of vergina and jamestown was burnt down whats the capital ? |
so in the last video we were talking about the system of labor in the chesapeake area , surrounding the chesapeake bay , in the early english colonies in america . and one thing that seemed a little bit strange there was that even though the first ship with enslaved africans arrived in virginia in 1619 , slavery was n... | well there 's one major event that historians tend to point to as a turning point in american slavery . and that is the rebellion led by nathaniel bacon in 1676 . so let 's talk a little bit more about that . | what was the result of the rebellion ? |
- we 've spent several videos now getting familiar with the lorentz transformations . what i want to do now , instead of thinking of what x prime and c t prime is in terms of x and c t , i wan na think about , what is the change in x prime and the change in c t prime going to be in terms of change in x and change in c ... | well , x prime initial is just going to be , let me get another color here , lorentz factor gamma times x initial minus beta times c t initial . so , now , let 's see , we can factor out the gamma , so this is going to be equal to , and i 'll do it in my color for gamma . if we factor out the gamma , we 're gon na get ... | and we can see that from the graph because it only involves two shear factors and no translations ? |
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