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key points after the english civil war and interregnum , england began to fashion a stronger and larger empire in north america . in addition to wresting control of new york and new jersey from the dutch , charles ii established the carolinas and pennsylvania as proprietary colonies . charles ii and the restoration col...
from the 1660s to the 1680s , charles ii added more possessions to england ’ s north american holdings by establishing the `` restoration colonies '' of new york and new jersey—taken from the dutch—as well as pennsylvania and the carolinas . in order to reap the greatest economic benefit from england ’ s overseas posse...
why did charles ll want to enact or `` enforce '' the navigation acts ?
key points after the english civil war and interregnum , england began to fashion a stronger and larger empire in north america . in addition to wresting control of new york and new jersey from the dutch , charles ii established the carolinas and pennsylvania as proprietary colonies . charles ii and the restoration col...
after years of fighting , the parliamentary forces gained the upper hand , and in 1649 , they charged charles i with treason and beheaded him . the monarchy was dissolved , and england became a republic : a state without a king . oliver cromwell headed the new english commonwealth , and the period known as the english ...
why did england break away from the catholic church and became protestant ?
key points after the english civil war and interregnum , england began to fashion a stronger and larger empire in north america . in addition to wresting control of new york and new jersey from the dutch , charles ii established the carolinas and pennsylvania as proprietary colonies . charles ii and the restoration col...
after years of fighting , the parliamentary forces gained the upper hand , and in 1649 , they charged charles i with treason and beheaded him . the monarchy was dissolved , and england became a republic : a state without a king . oliver cromwell headed the new english commonwealth , and the period known as the english ...
why did england break away from the catholic church and became protestant ?
the biggest and the highest there are so many superlatives consorting with the cathedral church of the blessed virgin mary in salisbury : it has the tallest spire in britain ( 404 feet ) ; it houses the best preserved of the four surviving original copies of the magna carta ( 1215 ) ; it has the oldest working clock in...
the pictures in this essay , however , show the widely changing character of the neutral tones ; sunlight transforms the building , and the visitor 's experience of it . this very quality is what made the gothic style so revolutionary – the ability to get sunlight into a large building with massive stone walls . window...
why is gothic now a term for gloom and darkness when it was different in this time period ?
the biggest and the highest there are so many superlatives consorting with the cathedral church of the blessed virgin mary in salisbury : it has the tallest spire in britain ( 404 feet ) ; it houses the best preserved of the four surviving original copies of the magna carta ( 1215 ) ; it has the oldest working clock in...
proportions are uniform throughout . one deviation from the typical gothic style is the way the lower arcade level of the nave is cut off by a string course that runs between it and the triforium . in most churches of this period , the columns or piers stretch upwards in one form or another all the way to the ceiling o...
what is a `` string course '' ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
the bacteria can then be lysed ( split open ) to release the protein . bacteria contain many proteins and macromolecules . because of this , the newly made protein needs to be purified ( separated from the other proteins and macromolecules ) before it can be used .
how are the proteins bound to the antibodies , in the affinity chromatography , released ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
the bacteria can then be lysed ( split open ) to release the protein . bacteria contain many proteins and macromolecules . because of this , the newly made protein needs to be purified ( separated from the other proteins and macromolecules ) before it can be used .
and how are these antibodies formed or selected to match and pick up the proteins ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
what 's the point of all that transforming , selecting , and analyzing ? possibility 1 : bacteria = plasmid factories in some cases , bacteria are simply used as `` plasmid factories , '' making lots of plasmid dna . the plasmid dna might be used in further dna cloning steps ( e.g. , to build more complex plasmids ) or...
why cant bacterial plasmid vectors be used to transform plant cells ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
colonies with the right plasmid can be grown to make large cultures of identical bacteria , which are used to produce plasmid or make protein . the big picture : dna cloning transformation and selection of bacteria are key steps in dna cloning . dna cloning is the process of making many copies of a specific piece of dn...
cloning and selection of transformants in animal cells ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning .
why are bacteria used as vectors in the process of transformation ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
because of these possibilities , it 's important to collect plasmid dna from each colony and check to see if it matches the plasmid we were trying to build . restriction digests , pcr , and dna sequencing are commonly used to analyze plasmid dna from bacterial colonies . protein production in bacteria suppose that we i...
can linear dna cause colonies to grow in a plate ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
steps of bacterial transformation and selection here is a typical procedure for transforming and selecting bacteria : specially prepared bacteria are mixed with dna ( e.g. , from a ligation ) . the bacteria are given a heat shock , which causes some of them to take up a plasmid . plasmids used in cloning contain an ant...
can we use calcium chloride in solution to make bacteria more permeable instead of heat shock ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
the bacteria are given a heat shock , which causes some of them to take up a plasmid . plasmids used in cloning contain an antibiotic resistance gene . thus , all of the bacteria are placed on an antibiotic plate to select for ones that took up a plasmid .
are plasmids replicated in a cell ?
key points : bacteria can take up foreign dna in a process called transformation . transformation is a key step in dna cloning . it occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria . after transformation , bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates . bacteria with a plasmid are...
the bacteria are given a heat shock , which causes some of them to take up a plasmid . plasmids used in cloning contain an antibiotic resistance gene . thus , all of the bacteria are placed on an antibiotic plate to select for ones that took up a plasmid .
why is it that only some plasmids become recombinant ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
the magnitude of the electric field falls off as $ 1/r^2 $ going away from the point charge . electric field near multiple point charges if we have multiple charges scattered about , we express the electric field by summing the fields from each individual $ q_i $ , $ \displaystyle \vec e = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0...
what is that big weird e below the heading `` electrical field near multiple point charges '' ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
$ \text { coulomb 's law : } \qquad\vec f = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0 } \ , \dfrac { q\ , q_i } { r^2 } \ , \hat r_i \qquad\text { newtons } $ $ \text { electric field : } \ , \ , \ , \ , \vec e = \dfrac { \vec f } { q } = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0 } \ , \ , \ , \ , \dfrac { q_i } { r^2 } \ , \hat r_i \qquad\te...
why electric feild is more stronger then magnetic field and gravitational field ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
$ \text { coulomb 's law : } \qquad\vec f = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0 } \ , \dfrac { q\ , q_i } { r^2 } \ , \hat r_i \qquad\text { newtons } $ $ \text { electric field : } \ , \ , \ , \ , \vec e = \dfrac { \vec f } { q } = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0 } \ , \ , \ , \ , \dfrac { q_i } { r^2 } \ , \hat r_i \qquad\te...
in the description of the electric field by pretending to hold and imaginary stick with a positive charge glued on the top the positive charge wold be pulled near other spots in the electric field that are negative and be repelled by positive spots in the electric field , is that right ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
there is n't any new physics , we 've just defined some new terms . now we 're ready to move on and use the electric field formulation to analyze two common real-world geometries : the line of charge , and the plane of charge .
what is an equatorial line ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
the magnitude of the electric field falls off as $ 1/r^2 $ going away from the point charge . electric field near multiple point charges if we have multiple charges scattered about , we express the electric field by summing the fields from each individual $ q_i $ , $ \displaystyle \vec e = \dfrac { 1 } { 4\pi\epsilon_0...
in the denominator of the equation given in `` electric field near multiple point charges '' , what is r ?
coulomb 's law describes forces acting at a distance between two charges . we can reformulate the problem by breaking it into two distinct steps , using the concept of an electric field . think of one charge as producing an electric field everywhere in space . the force on another charge introduced into the electric fi...
the electric field at a location indicates the force that would act on a unit positive test charge if placed at that location . the electric field is related to the electric force that acts on an arbitrary charge $ q $ by , $ \vec e = \dfrac { \vec f } { q } $ the dimensions of electric field are newtons/coulomb , $ \t...
how is electrostatics related to transformers ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
you can use the links below to find more detailed information on these techniques . dna cloning . in dna cloning , researchers “ clone ” – make many copies of – a dna fragment of interest , such as a gene .
is it possible to become inhuman ( superhuman , meta human ) if biotechnology found traces of dna that had a ability to have powers ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) . polymerase chain reaction is another widely used dna manipulation technique , one with applications in almost every area of modern biology . pcr reactions produce many copies of a target dna sequence starting from a piece of template dna .
this is a really weird question , but if a zygote is cloned from birth , and both are grown at the same time at the same place such that when they are born , they look exactly the same , is there a way to tell which one is the original baby and which one is the clone ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
here , we see an organism ( mold ) being used to make a product for human use – in this case , an antibiotic to treat bacterial infections . gene therapy . gene therapy is an emerging technique used to treat genetic disorders that are caused by a nonfunctional gene .
is it possible to use gene therapy to make your body circulate a cell that can produce rapid regeneration of lost limbs or organs or wounds ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
dna technology is crucial to many modern forms of biotechnology . what is biotechnology ? biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process for a specific use .
can biotechnology possibly cure aids ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
you can use the links below to find more detailed information on these techniques . dna cloning . in dna cloning , researchers “ clone ” – make many copies of – a dna fragment of interest , such as a gene .
can we change a existing creature 's dna ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
you can use the links below to find more detailed information on these techniques . dna cloning . in dna cloning , researchers “ clone ” – make many copies of – a dna fragment of interest , such as a gene .
is dna fingerprinting is only used in criminal matters ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
in this example , biological components from different sources ( a gene from humans , a plasmid originally from bacteria ) were combined to make a new product that helped preserve lung function in cystic fibrosis patients . as these examples show , biotechnology is used in the production of products we see in everyday ...
are wine , alcohol and bread production also examples of biotechnology ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
dna technology is crucial to many modern forms of biotechnology . what is biotechnology ? biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process for a specific use .
is it possible for scientist to create some type of human weapon using biotechnology almost like clones similar to what you see in star wars the clone wars and how does biotechnology help us humans ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
the by-product of the fermentation is the alcohol that ’ s found in beer . here , we see an organism – the yeast – being used to make a product for human consumption . penicillin .
would the insulin isolated from other animals be just as effective as that secreted by the human body itself ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
the plasmid can be replicated in bacteria , making many copies of the gene of interest . in some cases , the gene is also expressed in the bacteria , making a protein ( such as the insulin used by diabetics ) . polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) .
can this insulin be orally given to diabetic patient ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
in some cases , the gene is also expressed in the bacteria , making a protein ( such as the insulin used by diabetics ) . polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) . polymerase chain reaction is another widely used dna manipulation technique , one with applications in almost every area of modern biology .
does polymerase chain reaction ( pcr ) makes only dna copies ?
key points : biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process . many forms of modern biotechnology rely on dna technology . dna technology is the sequencing , analysis , and cutting-and-pasting of dna . common forms of dna technology inclu...
dna technology is crucial to many modern forms of biotechnology . what is biotechnology ? biotechnology is the use of an organism , or a component of an organism or other biological system , to make a product or process for a specific use .
how influential and in what way did the human genome project influence biotechnology ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
for instance , some scholars suggest that the sculptor myron crafted statue a , while alkamenes created statue b. additionally , those who support the earlier chronology point to the severe style as a clear indication of an early classical date for these two masterpieces . the art historian b. s. ridgway presents a dis...
i read that there is a rather contentious proposition out in the art world right now to move these two gorgeous statues to milan for the expo 15 ( the worlds fair ) ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
j. r. walker , ( florence : sansoni , 1981 ) . c. h. hallett , “ kopienkritik and the works of polykleitos , ” in polykleitos : the doryphoros and tradition , ed . by w. g. moon , pp .
should more people be allowed to see these works ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
those scholars also make a connection between the warriors and the workshops of famous ancient sculptors . for instance , some scholars suggest that the sculptor myron crafted statue a , while alkamenes created statue b. additionally , those who support the earlier chronology point to the severe style as a clear indica...
is it not possible to date the sculptures through carbon-dating ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
the warrior is bearded , with applied copper detail for the lips and the nipples . inset eyes also survive for statue a . the hair and beard have been worked in an elaborate fashion , with exquisite curls and ringlets .
also do n't we know what kind of bronze was used in which centuries ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 .
how do we know that these statues depict warriors and not athletes or gods ( or something else entirely ) ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 .
why were these warrior statues shown naked ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
630-633 . b. s. ridgway , fifth century styles in greek sculpture ( princeton : princeton university press , 1981 ) . b. s. ridgway , `` the riace bronzes : a minority viewpoint , '' in due bronzi da riace : rinvenimento , restauro , analisi ed ipotesi di interpretazione , vol .
why does ridgway believe the warriors were made in the first century bce and not the fifth ?
the riace warriors ( also referred to as the riace bronzes or bronzi di riace ) are two life-size greek bronze statues of naked , bearded warriors . the statues were discovered by stefano mariottini in the mediterranean sea just off the coast of riace marina , italy , on august 16 , 1972 . the statues are currently hou...
like statue a , statue b is bearded and in a contrapposto stance , although the feet of statue b and set more closely together than those of statue a . severe style the severe or early classical style describes the trends in greek sculpture between c. 490 and 450 b.c.e . artistically this stylistic phase represents a t...
in the style paragraph , i saw a type-o and i was wondering how can it be 490 b.c.e- 450 b.c.e ?
a presentation to missionaries in august 1821 , a group of people from rurutu in the austral islands , in the south-eastern pacific ocean , traveled north to the island of ra'iatea in the society islands , to a london missionary society station . there they presented to the missionaries a number of carved figures that ...
the god is depicted in the process of creating other gods and men : his creations cover the surface of his body as thirty small figures . the figure itself is hollow , a removable panel on its back reveals a cavity which originally contained twenty-four small figures . these were removed and destroyed in 1882 . contemp...
why were the `` twenty-four small figures ... removed and destroyed in 1882 '' ?
a presentation to missionaries in august 1821 , a group of people from rurutu in the austral islands , in the south-eastern pacific ocean , traveled north to the island of ra'iatea in the society islands , to a london missionary society station . there they presented to the missionaries a number of carved figures that ...
these were removed and destroyed in 1882 . contemporary rurutuans explain that the exterior figures correspond to the kinship groups that make up their society , and propose a number of theories about the relationship between the figure and christianity . it is carved from hardwood , probably from pua ( fagraea ) .
why did they make the facial appearance look like little blocks of what looks like copper , and wood ... ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these little mutant bacteria may thrive where the non-mutant bacteria die , and new antibiotics ( or more of the same antibiotic , if the mutants are only slightly resistant ) must be used to kill them . humans continue to search for new antibiotics to help the immune system , and bacteria continue to have mutant membe...
as the development of new antibiotics and antibiotic resistance is a growing international concern , why do n't scientists and doctors steer their research towards the enhancement of the human immune system ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
references silver , l. l. ( 2011 ) . challenges of antibacterial discovery . clinical microbiology reviews , 24 ( 1 ) , 71–109 .
if the information above is true than why on earth do we use antibacterial soap ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply .
question from the graph - what caused the decided dip in anti-biotic resistance in the late 90s/early 00s ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply .
why does taking antibiotics when one has a viral illness ( first bullet point in the last section ) , or something else not bacteria-related , contribute to antibiotic resistance ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
the goal is to pick an antibiotic that will be effective against the bacteria causing an infection , but won ’ t hurt a patient or destroy their healthy ecosystem of bacteria . how resistant have pathogens become ? over the years some bacteria have become more resistant to antibiotics than others .
how can the bacteria become resistant in the future when it did not exist when taking the medication in the first place ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
some of the tubes have turned cloudy ! the concentration of the antibiotic in these tubes are too low to prevent the bacteria from multiplying . 2 .
then why do n't antibiotics prevent the infected cells from multiplying ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
ask your healthcare professional to help you make these choices . similarly for animals - narrow spectrum antibiotics should be used to treat bacterial infections , rather than indiscriminate use among healthy animals . being really selective in how we use antibiotics keeps them from becoming obsolete . trash antibioti...
is `` eat '' is really that specific word or was it used only for it to be more easily undestood ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply .
when referring to how antibiotic resistance occurs , what does the phrase , `` selective pressure '' mean ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply .
how could selective pressure lead to antibiotic resistance occurring ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
once you know the concentration of an antibiotic needed to stop a bacteria from growing ( mic ) or living ( mbc ) , you need to know whether that concentration can be safely given to a person . if so , then we would say that a bacteria is “ susceptible ” to an antibiotic , and if not , then we would say that a bacteria...
suppose i use antibiotic `` a '' for such a long time that the bacteria become completely resistant to the antibiotic and then switch to a completely different antibiotic `` b '' , how long would i have to wait until the bacteria `` discards '' the genes that are resistant to `` a '' to start using it again ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
while at one time it was thought to be extremely easy to treat , now ~30 % of infections are resistant to an antibiotic . how do you prevent bacteria from developing antibiotic resistance ? to limit antibiotic resistance , it ’ s important to limit the exposure that bacteria all over the planet ( inside of us , within ...
does the bacteria slowly start giving itself a wall of protection from the antibiotic , like a shield ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
to limit antibiotic resistance , it ’ s important to limit the exposure that bacteria all over the planet ( inside of us , within animals , and living in the environment ) have to antibiotics . two ways you can help make sure bacteria are not getting overexposure to antibiotics are : taking antibiotics responsibly : ta...
what happens when you take antibiotics when not needed ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these mutations ( such as a change to the bacteria ’ s cell wall ) can make it difficult for the antibiotics to enter the bacteria or stick to it , making the antibiotic less effective at hurting or killing the bacteria . there are four common mutations bacteria undergo to become resistant to antibiotics : enzymes in t...
how will the bacteria does not come in contact with antibiotics when disposed in plastic bags ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these mutations ( such as a change to the bacteria ’ s cell wall ) can make it difficult for the antibiotics to enter the bacteria or stick to it , making the antibiotic less effective at hurting or killing the bacteria . there are four common mutations bacteria undergo to become resistant to antibiotics : enzymes in t...
if the bacteria do eat the antibiotics what happens to the antibiotics ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
2 . some of the tubes are still clear ! the concentration of the antibiotic in these tubes are high enough to prevent the bacteria from multiplying .
scientists could also give fluids to help clear the blood stream so the poisons do n't build up ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
while at one time it was thought to be extremely easy to treat , now ~30 % of infections are resistant to an antibiotic . how do you prevent bacteria from developing antibiotic resistance ? to limit antibiotic resistance , it ’ s important to limit the exposure that bacteria all over the planet ( inside of us , within ...
to prevent bacteria from developing antibiotic resistance , is it necessary to complete the course of antibiotics prescribed by our physicians ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply .
how has the widespread use of hand sanitizer allowed for antibiotic resistance ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
references silver , l. l. ( 2011 ) . challenges of antibacterial discovery . clinical microbiology reviews , 24 ( 1 ) , 71–109 .
does antibacterial soap count as an antibiotic ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
it ’ s sort of like a big , thick energy shield . the antibiotic has to move ( diffuse ) through the biofilm to reach all of the bacterial cells . some cells that are buried deep within the biofilm are exposed to only a fraction of the antibiotic that reaches the surface .
how a biofilm is broken ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
over the years some bacteria have become more resistant to antibiotics than others . here ’ s a quick glance at some of the most common and/or concerning resistant bacteria : carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae ( cre ) : some strains of cre are incurable and are resistant to all antibiotics . patients who have bloo...
what are carbapanem resistant enterobacteriaceae ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these mutations ( such as a change to the bacteria ’ s cell wall ) can make it difficult for the antibiotics to enter the bacteria or stick to it , making the antibiotic less effective at hurting or killing the bacteria . there are four common mutations bacteria undergo to become resistant to antibiotics : enzymes in t...
assuming that mic and mbc amount of antibiotics could be safely given to a patient ; would mbc be better because it would eliminate the bacteria entirely so that other types of bacteria ( a possible variable ) in the human body could not build up immunity/resistence from the mic static bacteria that ca n't reproduce ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
some of the test tubes have turned cloudy ! the bacteria is growing again ! this means the concentration of the antibiotic in step 1 did n't kill the bacteria , just stopped it from multiplying .
or is it even possible that different types of bacteria can `` learn '' from the static bacteria from mbc by the genes ( mentioned in prior passage ) ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
while at one time it was thought to be extremely easy to treat , now ~30 % of infections are resistant to an antibiotic . how do you prevent bacteria from developing antibiotic resistance ? to limit antibiotic resistance , it ’ s important to limit the exposure that bacteria all over the planet ( inside of us , within ...
is here any way in which we can use antibiotic resistance bacteria for our own beneficiary purposes ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
some of the test tubes have turned cloudy ! the bacteria is growing again ! this means the concentration of the antibiotic in step 1 did n't kill the bacteria , just stopped it from multiplying .
in the 8th paragraph , how exactly does a bacteria pass information to another bacteria ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
we call these errors in the copied cell a mutation . in one bacterial cell , the cell wall could be slightly different , in another an enzyme works poorly , and so on . mutations are key to the idea of evolution , and all of the diversity you can see in nature came from a series of many mutations over hundreds of thous...
could n't an antibiotic damage a cell that has a virus in it ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
bacterial mutation when bacterial cells replicate , there is a small chance the new bacterial cell will not be exactly the same as the original bacterial cell . we call these errors in the copied cell a mutation . in one bacterial cell , the cell wall could be slightly different , in another an enzyme works poorly , an...
would the virus `` die '' without the cell host , or would it spread when the cell for example broke open ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
once you know the concentration of an antibiotic needed to stop a bacteria from growing ( mic ) or living ( mbc ) , you need to know whether that concentration can be safely given to a person . if so , then we would say that a bacteria is “ susceptible ” to an antibiotic , and if not , then we would say that a bacteria...
would that be the result of lysosomes ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
once you know the concentration of an antibiotic needed to stop a bacteria from growing ( mic ) or living ( mbc ) , you need to know whether that concentration can be safely given to a person . if so , then we would say that a bacteria is “ susceptible ” to an antibiotic , and if not , then we would say that a bacteria...
will all bacteria be antibiotic resistant at some point ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
some cells that are buried deep within the biofilm are exposed to only a fraction of the antibiotic that reaches the surface . bacterial mutation when bacterial cells replicate , there is a small chance the new bacterial cell will not be exactly the same as the original bacterial cell . we call these errors in the copi...
is there a way to destroy bacterial resistance ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
how do we measure antibiotic resistance ? in order to pick the best antibiotic for treating the infection , its useful to know how effective the antibiotic would be at preventing a bacteria from growing or simply killing the bacteria . you can do an experiment to figure it out !
i know that this has probably been asked , but are there more natural substances that would attack bacteria ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
clostridium difficile ( c. difficile ) : this bacteria usually invades after antibiotics have ruined the normal bacterial ecosystem of the gut , and can cause symptoms like painful , bloody diarrhea and fevers . it ’ s often found in hospitals and group homes , and frequently is fatal for the elderly . this bacteria is...
why are some `` super bugs '' found in hospitals , like mrsa ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
neisseria gonorrhoeae : this bacteria is the cause of the second most common infection ( gonorrhoeae ) in north america and can lead to serious reproductive complications . while at one time it was thought to be extremely easy to treat , now ~30 % of infections are resistant to an antibiotic . how do you prevent bacter...
based on circumstances in the present , could there come a time when there is no effective antibiotic to treat bacterial infections ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these mutations ( such as a change to the bacteria ’ s cell wall ) can make it difficult for the antibiotics to enter the bacteria or stick to it , making the antibiotic less effective at hurting or killing the bacteria . there are four common mutations bacteria undergo to become resistant to antibiotics : enzymes in t...
why do we always use antibiotics when treating influenza although it 's virus not a bacteria ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
these mutations ( such as a change to the bacteria ’ s cell wall ) can make it difficult for the antibiotics to enter the bacteria or stick to it , making the antibiotic less effective at hurting or killing the bacteria . there are four common mutations bacteria undergo to become resistant to antibiotics : enzymes in t...
cant we take a lot of antibiotics which will kill bacteria before they are able to reproduce which will result in antibiotic resistant bacterias ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ?
what benificial drugs , if overdosed can be harmful ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ?
what types of drugs have side effects ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
some of the test tubes have turned cloudy ! the bacteria is growing again ! this means the concentration of the antibiotic in step 1 did n't kill the bacteria , just stopped it from multiplying .
but why are these bacteria single why dont they mutate and develop a complex body structure like us and secondly why there is no rapid mutation in friendly bacteria like e-coli as such ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
references silver , l. l. ( 2011 ) . challenges of antibacterial discovery . clinical microbiology reviews , 24 ( 1 ) , 71–109 .
what 's the difference between antibacterial , antimicrobial , and antibiotic ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
it ’ s like passing around a juicy bit of gossip - as more meetings occur , more and more bacteria learn how to resist an antibiotic ! how do we measure antibiotic resistance ? in order to pick the best antibiotic for treating the infection , its useful to know how effective the antibiotic would be at preventing a bact...
is it possible to deplete or break down the biofilm to get to the bacteria so that the antibiotic can be more effective ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
4 . some of the test tubes are still clear ! this means the concentration of the antibiotic in step 1 killed the bacteria .
i have a resistance to antibiotics but nobody has ever test to see which one would work to clear up chronic ear infection why would that be ?
antibiotic resistance describes a bacteria ’ s ability to survive while being exposed to antibiotics . how does antibiotic resistance develop exactly ? when a bacteria is exposed to antibiotics there are three possible outcomes - they will die , they will stagnate ( not multiply ) , or they will multiply . three main f...
while at one time it was thought to be extremely easy to treat , now ~30 % of infections are resistant to an antibiotic . how do you prevent bacteria from developing antibiotic resistance ? to limit antibiotic resistance , it ’ s important to limit the exposure that bacteria all over the planet ( inside of us , within ...
do resistance bacteria part of gene mutation ?
dna is the information molecule . it stores instructions for making other large molecules , called proteins . these instructions are stored inside each of your cells , distributed among 46 long structures called chromosomes . these chromosomes are made up of thousands of shorter segments of dna , called genes . each ge...
all traits derive from the interactions of proteins with each other and the surrounding environments . a chromosome consists of smaller segments called genes chromosomes are very long structures consisting of two dna polymers , joined together by hydrogen bonds connecting complementary base pairs . a chromosome is divi...
when they say that phosphodiester bonds form , do they form between two complementary base pairs , or between 2 nitrogenous bases on the same strand of dna ?
dna is the information molecule . it stores instructions for making other large molecules , called proteins . these instructions are stored inside each of your cells , distributed among 46 long structures called chromosomes . these chromosomes are made up of thousands of shorter segments of dna , called genes . each ge...
the genes that specify how to make each of the four proteins are split across two chromosomes . this means that each chromosome consists of two genes . since the proteins specified by the genes all have four amino acid monomers , each gene must have four codons .
why must each chromosome have 2 genes ?
dna is the information molecule . it stores instructions for making other large molecules , called proteins . these instructions are stored inside each of your cells , distributed among 46 long structures called chromosomes . these chromosomes are made up of thousands of shorter segments of dna , called genes . each ge...
the phosphorous atom in phosphate has a marked tendency to bond to other oxygen atoms ( for instance , the oxygen atom sticking off the deoxyribose sugar of another nucleotide ) . the four nucleotide monomers are distinguished by their bases each type of nucleotide has a different nucleobase stuck to its deoxyribose su...
is n't it deoxyribose sugar in the nucleotide structure ?
the church of ste . pierre ( st. peter ) in moissac , france , dating from 1115-30 , has one of the most impressive and elaborate romanesque portals of the twelfth century . carved images occupy the walls of the extended porch leading to the door , the door itself , and even the space over the door . pilgrimage routes ...
pilgrimage routes the church of ste . pierre was on one of the pilgrimage roads through france that led to santiago de campostela , in spain . as it was home to the remains of st. james major , that spanish church was one of the most important pilgrimage sites in western europe .
for those of us reading straight through all of these learning portals on khan 's art history module we have heard quite a bit about the pilgrimage of people to spain through france and other places , but how did spain get all the best relics ( relics of christ and early saints of course being the draw that religious p...
the church of ste . pierre ( st. peter ) in moissac , france , dating from 1115-30 , has one of the most impressive and elaborate romanesque portals of the twelfth century . carved images occupy the walls of the extended porch leading to the door , the door itself , and even the space over the door . pilgrimage routes ...
the church of ste . pierre ( st. peter ) in moissac , france , dating from 1115-30 , has one of the most impressive and elaborate romanesque portals of the twelfth century .
i was wondering where i could find who built the church of sainte pierre and sainte foy ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
$ ^6 $ what do you think ? why do you think the united states was so determined to help west berlin when it had no real interests to protect there ? do you think it was a good idea for the united states to join nato ?
why do you think the united states was so determined to help west berlin when it had no real interests to protect there ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
but ideological divisions over what should be done with germany tore the former allies apart . believing that a reunified germany would prevent a repeat of the economic catastrophe that had followed world war i , the us , britain , and france decided to consolidate their zones of germany . the ussr , which wanted to ma...
why is the division of austria after world war two less well known ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
in berlin , the soviets began the process of building a barrier between its eastern and western zones that would stand for the next forty years. $ ^3 $ nato and the national security act as tensions raged in europe , the united states realized that long-lasting peace was not going to follow on the heels of world war ii...
how is nato different than the alliances that started ( caused ) wwii ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
the ussr , which wanted to make sure that germany could never attack it again , strongly objected to this plan . in 1948 the ussr flexed its might by cutting off all highway and railroad access to the city of berlin ( which fell within its occupation zone ) , hoping to absorb all of berlin under soviet control . west b...
did west berlin join into western germany or was it in eastern germany , since berlin was under soviet control ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
is the national security act still effective today ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
from june 1948 to may 1949 , they sent hundreds of airplanes filled with food and fuel every day in what became known as the berlin airlift . they also instituted a counter-blockade on east berlin. $ ^2 $ after 11 months , the soviets realized that the blockade was a failure and ended it . but the standoff over berlin ...
to what extent did berlin blockade mark the 'real ' start of the cold war ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
but the standoff over berlin had crystallized the divisions of the cold war . the western allies turned their combined occupation zones into the new country of west germany , and the soviets responded by creating east germany . in berlin , the soviets began the process of building a barrier between its eastern and west...
did the western allies ever move in between zones in west germany to help the other people who were struggling thanks to nazi germany ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
but the standoff over berlin had crystallized the divisions of the cold war . the western allies turned their combined occupation zones into the new country of west germany , and the soviets responded by creating east germany . in berlin , the soviets began the process of building a barrier between its eastern and west...
i saw a small divided part of germany from communisim ( red ) , what is that ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
$ ^6 $ what do you think ? why do you think the united states was so determined to help west berlin when it had no real interests to protect there ? do you think it was a good idea for the united states to join nato ?
why do you think the united states was so determined to help west berlin when it had no real interests to protect there ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty organization defensive alliance and ramped up security measures at home with the national security act . the berlin airlift the growing tensions between the united states and the soviet union finally erupted...
though why did the united kingdom , france , the united states , and the soviet union relinquish their territories to from a reunified germany ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
why do you think the united states was so determined to help west berlin when it had no real interests to protect there ? do you think it was a good idea for the united states to join nato ? what are the potential benefits and drawbacks of being part of a defensive alliance ?
do you think it was a good idea for the united states to join nato ?
overview tensions between the us and ussr came to a head in 1948 , when the soviet union blockaded berlin and the us headed a year-long airlift to supply citizens stranded in the western zone of the city . realizing that conflict with russia might escalate into war , the united states joined the north atlantic treaty o...
do you think it was a good idea for the united states to join nato ? what are the potential benefits and drawbacks of being part of a defensive alliance ?
what are the potential benefits and drawbacks of being part of a defensive alliance ?