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introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressure—called turgor pressure—that normally supports the plant . why does water leave the cells ? the amount of water outside the cells drops as the plant loses water , but the same quantity of ions and other part... | why does the cells of stomata becomes flaccid instead of shrinking when they loss water from them ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | to answer it , let ’ s take a step back and refresh our memory on why diffusion happens . in diffusion , molecules move from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration—not because they ’ re aware of their surroundings , but simply as a result of probabilities . when a substance is in gas or liquid f... | what is the meaning of osmole , equivalent simply ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | for instance , if the fluid inside a cell has a higher osmolarity , concentration of solute , than the surrounding fluid , the cell interior is hypertonic to the surrounding fluid , and the surrounding fluid is hypotonic to the cell interior . tonicity in living systems if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution , wa... | the first paragraph , under toxicity , when the net water solution moves outside of the cell , does that mean it loses equilibrium ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | why would a cell want to lose water concentration , other than to exude waste products ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | under hypertonic conditions , the cell membrane may actually detach from the wall and constrict the cytoplasm , a state called plasmolysis ( left panel below ) . tonicity is a concern for all living things , particularly those that lack rigid cell walls and live in hyper- or hypotonic environments . for example , param... | hyper tonic movement is the opposite of that ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this increase in solute , or dissolved particle , concentration pulls the water out of the cells and into the extracellular spaces in a process known as osmosis . formally , osmosis is the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concen... | how does hyper/hypo tonic movement have any relation towards osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | is there some sort of name for - in the human body - a cell shriveling up or exploding due to osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | for instance , if the fluid inside a cell has a higher osmolarity , concentration of solute , than the surrounding fluid , the cell interior is hypertonic to the surrounding fluid , and the surrounding fluid is hypotonic to the cell interior . tonicity in living systems if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution , wa... | like , when there is a hypertonic solution and water escapes the cell membrane and shrivels up , can it reach a critical rate , or when there is too much of a hypotonic solution and the cell explodes , is there a name for that too ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | what causes a cell to lyse at different rates when it is placed in solutions that have the same molarity but contain solutes of different molar mass ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | is that enough time for breaking cell wall and cell membrane ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this may sound odd at first , since we usually talk about the diffusion of solutes that are dissolved in water , not about the movement of water itself . however , osmosis is important in many biological processes , and it often takes place at the same time that solutes diffuse or are transported . here , we ’ ll look ... | how are substances transported by osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this may sound odd at first , since we usually talk about the diffusion of solutes that are dissolved in water , not about the movement of water itself . however , osmosis is important in many biological processes , and it often takes place at the same time that solutes diffuse or are transported . here , we ’ ll look ... | what are the factors that affect the rate of osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this increase in solute , or dissolved particle , concentration pulls the water out of the cells and into the extracellular spaces in a process known as osmosis . formally , osmosis is the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concen... | surface area , size of molecules , concentration gradient and temperature are factors that affect the rate of diffusion , but what are the factors that affect osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to ensure these conditions stay constant . if placed in a hypotonic solution , a red ... | is homeostatic a typo of some sort ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | for instance , if the fluid inside a cell has a higher osmolarity , concentration of solute , than the surrounding fluid , the cell interior is hypertonic to the surrounding fluid , and the surrounding fluid is hypotonic to the cell interior . tonicity in living systems if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution , wa... | what would happen if there was a cell with a hypertonic cell in a hypertonic solute ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressure—called turgor pressure—that normally supports the plant . why does water leave the cells ? | why is turgor pressure important for plant cells ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | what happens to the salt after the water has dissolved it in the cell ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressure—called turgor pressure—that normally supports the plant . why does water leave the cells ? the amount of water outside the cells drops as the plant loses water , but the same quantity of ions and other part... | how do you caculate water potential ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | a solution with low osmolarity has fewer solute particles per liter of solution , while a solution with high osmolarity has more solute particles per liter of solution . when solutions of different osmolarities are separated by a membrane permeable to water , but not to solute , water will move from the side with lower... | what is the definition of semi-permeable ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | a solution 's tonicity is related to its osmolarity , which is the total concentration of all solutes in the solution . a solution with low osmolarity has fewer solute particles per liter of solution , while a solution with high osmolarity has more solute particles per liter of solution . when solutions of different os... | what 's the difference between `` osmolarity '' and `` osmolality '' ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | how would the water get in and out the cell membrane anyways ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressure—called turgor pressure—that normally supports the plant . why does water leave the cells ? | what is the significance of osmosis and osmotic pressure related to body fluids ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | the plasma membrane can only expand to the limit of the rigid cell wall , so the cell wo n't burst , or lyse . in fact , the cytoplasm in plants is generally a bit hypertonic to the cellular environment , and water will enter a cell until its internal pressure—turgor pressure—prevents further influx . maintaining this ... | why does turgor pressure counteract the movement of water into a cell ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | is it because the cell wall keeps the cell from becoming too big which inhibits the water flow ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | in an isotonic solution—iso means the same—the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell , and there will be no net movement of water into or out of the cell . hypotonic , hypertonic , and isotonic are relative terms . that is , they describe how one solution compares to another in terms of osmolarity . | how do hyposmotic solutions compare/relate to hypotonic solutions and the same with isosmotic solutions to hypotonic and isotonic and hyperosmotic to hypo- , iso- , and hypertonic ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | tonicity the ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis is know as its tonicity . a solution 's tonicity is related to its osmolarity , which is the total concentration of all solutes in the solution . a solution with low osmolarity has fewer solute particles per liter of s... | if we take little quantity of rbc 's and high quantity of normal saline , then extracellular salutes are higher than rbc 's , so this isotonic solution will become hypertonic solution or remain isotonic and why ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | what happens when the cell membrane is permeable to solutes ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | the amount of water outside the cells drops as the plant loses water , but the same quantity of ions and other particles remains in the space outside the cells . this increase in solute , or dissolved particle , concentration pulls the water out of the cells and into the extracellular spaces in a process known as osmos... | do solute potential and pressure potential have anything to do with osmosis in cells ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | note that they will not become perfectly equal in this case because the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the rising water column on the right will oppose the osmotic driving force , creating an equilibrium that stops short of equal concentrations . tonicity the ability of an extracellular solution to make water move int... | how is it that the sole reason osmosis happens because of the tonicity of the solution , and it occured to me that since the net inflow does n't require energy ( or thats what i think ) wo n't the cell balance out the net inflow or outflow ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | if the water molecules can get into the cell through osmosis , why ca n't they also come out of the cell ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | tonicity is a concern for all living things , particularly those that lack rigid cell walls and live in hyper- or hypotonic environments . for example , paramecia—pictured below—and amoebas , which are protists that lack cell walls , may have specialized structures called contractile vacuoles . a contractile vacuole co... | do other cells that do not have a cell wall have these types of specialized structures , or are they specific to these protists ( like red blood cells ) ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | regardless of the exact mechanisms involved , the key point is that the more solute water contains , the less apt it will be to move across a membrane into an adjacent compartment . this results in the net flow of water from regions of lower solute concentration to regions of higher solute concentration . this process ... | what else can a solute be in ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | tonicity the ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis is know as its tonicity . a solution 's tonicity is related to its osmolarity , which is the total concentration of all solutes in the solution . a solution with low osmolarity has fewer solute particles per liter of s... | why is a isotonic solution always isoosmotic but and isoosmotic solution is not always isotonic ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | so , the net movement of molecules will be from a to b , and this will be the case until the concentrations become equal . in the case of osmosis , you can once again think of molecules—this time , water molecules—in two compartments separated by a membrane . if neither compartment contains any solute , the water molec... | does the concentration of insoluble molecules affect the rate of osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this may sound odd at first , since we usually talk about the diffusion of solutes that are dissolved in water , not about the movement of water itself . however , osmosis is important in many biological processes , and it often takes place at the same time that solutes diffuse or are transported . here , we ’ ll look ... | why is it that only solutes ( soluble compounds ) affect the rate of osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | so , the net movement of molecules will be from a to b , and this will be the case until the concentrations become equal . in the case of osmosis , you can once again think of molecules—this time , water molecules—in two compartments separated by a membrane . if neither compartment contains any solute , the water molec... | the theory of solute molecules blocking water molecules from accessing the membrane makes little sense to me ... would the solute molecules not block h2o in both directions ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this may sound odd at first , since we usually talk about the diffusion of solutes that are dissolved in water , not about the movement of water itself . however , osmosis is important in many biological processes , and it often takes place at the same time that solutes diffuse or are transported . here , we ’ ll look ... | if the non-polar behavior is not the same , could that support some sort of polarity effect driving osmosis as we see in biology ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | under hypertonic conditions , the cell membrane may actually detach from the wall and constrict the cytoplasm , a state called plasmolysis ( left panel below ) . tonicity is a concern for all living things , particularly those that lack rigid cell walls and live in hyper- or hypotonic environments . for example , param... | how would you explain osmosis with a non-living thing , for example a gummy bear ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | in an isotonic solution—iso means the same—the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell , and there will be no net movement of water into or out of the cell . hypotonic , hypertonic , and isotonic are relative terms . that is , they describe how one solution compares to another in terms of osmolarity . | what is the difference between iso-osmotic and isotonic ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | this is actually a complicated question . to answer it , let ’ s take a step back and refresh our memory on why diffusion happens . in diffusion , molecules move from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration—not because they ’ re aware of their surroundings , but simply as a result of probabilitie... | what are the consequences of diffusion and osmosis ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | so , the net movement of molecules will be from a to b , and this will be the case until the concentrations become equal . in the case of osmosis , you can once again think of molecules—this time , water molecules—in two compartments separated by a membrane . if neither compartment contains any solute , the water molec... | where do you find the greater concentration of water molecules ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | there is no net water movement , so there is no change in the size of the cell . when a cell is placed in a hypotonic environment , water will enter the cell , and the cell will swell . in the case of a red blood cell , isotonic conditions are ideal , and your body has homeostatic ( stability-maintaining ) systems to e... | since all cell membranes are semi-permeable , where in plants will the plnats absorb water through diffusion ? |
introduction have you ever forgotten to water a plant for a few days , then come back to find your once-perky arugula a wilted mess ? if so , you already know that water balance is very important for plants . when a plant wilts , it does so because water moves out of its cells , causing them to lose the internal pressu... | hypotonic , hypertonic , and isotonic are relative terms . that is , they describe how one solution compares to another in terms of osmolarity . for instance , if the fluid inside a cell has a higher osmolarity , concentration of solute , than the surrounding fluid , the cell interior is hypertonic to the surrounding f... | i ca n't understand how can i change the extrancellular fluid osmolarity ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | he realized that it was still possible that some contaminating substance present in small amounts , not dna , was the actual transforming principle $ ^3 $ . because of this possibility , debate over dna 's role continued until 1952 , when alfred hershey and martha chase used a different approach to conclusively identif... | you know how dna makes us different from any other person , well could it be so complex that we could have an attached mutation that makes us different from the human race ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | the other sample was produced in the presence of $ ^ { 32 } \text p $ , a radioactive isotope of phosphorous . phosphorous is found in dna and not in proteins , so only phage dna ( and not phage proteins ) was radioactively labeled by this treatment . each batch of phage was used to infect a different culture of bacter... | do they incorporate the dead bacteria 's dna into theirs and start replicating it and producing proteins based on that newly acquired sequence ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | but how did scientists first come to realize that `` boring '' dna might actually be the genetic material ? frederick griffith : bacterial transformation in 1928 , british bacteriologist frederick griffith conducted a series of experiments using streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria and mice . griffith was n't trying to id... | what does the word transformation mean ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | he realized that it was still possible that some contaminating substance present in small amounts , not dna , was the actual transforming principle $ ^3 $ . because of this possibility , debate over dna 's role continued until 1952 , when alfred hershey and martha chase used a different approach to conclusively identif... | why were radioactive isotopes of sulphur and phosphorus used for the hershey-chase experiment ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | because of this possibility , debate over dna 's role continued until 1952 , when alfred hershey and martha chase used a different approach to conclusively identify dna as the genetic material . the hershey-chase experiments in their now-legendary experiments , hershey and chase studied bacteriophage , or viruses that ... | how did hershey found out the precise location of the radioactive source at the end ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | centrifugation causes heavier material , such as bacteria , to move to the bottom of the tube and form a lump called a pellet . lighter material , such as the medium ( broth ) used to grow the cultures , along with phage and phage parts , remains near the top of the tube and forms a liquid layer called the supernatant ... | is it like if you take your geiger counter near the source , the count rate increases ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | the work of additional scientists around the turn of the 20th century , including theodor boveri , walter sutton , and thomas hunt morgan , established that mendel 's heritable factors were most likely carried on chromosomes . scientists first thought that proteins , which are found in chromosomes along with dna , woul... | why was the genetic material found in the pellet and not in the supernatant ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | griffith concluded that the r-strain bacteria must have taken up what he called a `` transforming principle '' from the heat-killed s bacteria , which allowed them to `` transform '' into smooth-coated bacteria and become virulent . avery , mccarty , and macleod : identifying the transforming principle in 1944 , three ... | so does this mean that it was harshey and chase who proved dna as genetic material and not avery , macleod.and mccarty ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | but how did scientists first come to realize that `` boring '' dna might actually be the genetic material ? frederick griffith : bacterial transformation in 1928 , british bacteriologist frederick griffith conducted a series of experiments using streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria and mice . griffith was n't trying to id... | what is the significance of griffith 's experiment ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | griffith was n't trying to identify the genetic material , but rather , trying to develop a vaccine against pneumonia . in his experiments , griffith used two related strains of bacteria , known as r and s. r strain . when grown in a petri dish , the r bacteria formed colonies , or clumps of related bacteria , that had... | what made dna able to transform r-strains into s-strains cells ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | today , we know that dna is not actually repetitive and can carry large amounts of information , as discussed further in the article on discovery of dna structure . but how did scientists first come to realize that `` boring '' dna might actually be the genetic material ? frederick griffith : bacterial transformation i... | how did they determine that the genetic material was not rna if both rna and dna have phosphorous ... wound't they have to distinguish between thymidine and uracil presence somehow ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . | what is the central idea of chromosomal theory of heridity ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | however , it still was n't clear how such a seemingly simple molecule could encode the genetic information needed to build a complex organism . additional research by many scientists , including erwin chargaff , james watson , francis crick , and rosalind franklin , led to the discovery of dna structure , clarifying ho... | how did rosalind franklin contribute to the study of dna ? |
introduction our modern understanding of dna 's role in heredity has led to a variety of practical applications , including forensic analysis , paternity testing , and genetic screening . thanks to these wide-ranging uses , today many people have at least a basic awareness of dna . it may be surprising , then , to real... | before the experiment , hershey thought that the genetic material would prove to be protein $ ^4 $ . to establish whether the phage injected dna or protein into host bacteria , hershey and chase prepared two different batches of phage . in each batch , the phage were produced in the presence of a specific radioactive e... | compare your two strands of dna a what do they have in common and what is different about them ? |
compassionate and merciful this is an image of the compassionate and merciful bodhisattva avalokiteshvara . bodhisattvas are enlightened beings who are destined to become buddhas but postpone that final state in order to help humanity . the name avalokiteshvara means “ lord who looks down with compassion. ” avalokitesh... | compassionate and merciful this is an image of the compassionate and merciful bodhisattva avalokiteshvara . bodhisattvas are enlightened beings who are destined to become buddhas but postpone that final state in order to help humanity . | what was this image of bodhisattva avalokiteshvara made from ? |
compassionate and merciful this is an image of the compassionate and merciful bodhisattva avalokiteshvara . bodhisattvas are enlightened beings who are destined to become buddhas but postpone that final state in order to help humanity . the name avalokiteshvara means “ lord who looks down with compassion. ” avalokitesh... | his presence confirms the compassionate nature of the bodhisattva . near the middle of the base , a monk holds the stem of the lotus on which the deity rests his foot . behind this monk , another monk and a layperson ( perhaps a woman ) sit in worshipful postures . | why are women holding up his foot ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | caroline minuscule looks familiar to our modern eyes because producers of typeface working for early italian printers used it as a model . in fact , the ubiquitous default font `` times roman '' on our computers is also based on caroline minuscule . the transition to gothic script from the middle of the eleventh centur... | also , in the days before `` spell check '' was invented ... how would scribes have maintained consistency of spelling ... if in fact they did at all ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | `` my maker is from germany , '' a letter or abbreviation may for example say . from time to time scribes would even say so explicitly , in a colophon at the end of the book . the main book script of the middle ages : caroline minuscule caroline minuscule is the primary script of the early middle ages . | what is a `` colophon '' ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | a cohesive and unifying script was needed if his administration was to function properly . caroline minuscule looks familiar to our modern eyes because producers of typeface working for early italian printers used it as a model . in fact , the ubiquitous default font `` times roman '' on our computers is also based on ... | why was caroline minuscule used as a model for modern fonts in printers and computers ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | by the early fifteenth century these two script forms were equally popular , although cursive script was introduced much later in book production . the introduction of cursive script is part of a broadening palette of scripts . this expansion may have resulted from the commercialization of book production—a consequence... | was it because of it 's likeness with modern scripts ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | it is an elegant script with a particularly round and spacious appearance because charlemagne had conquered a vast amount of territory during his reign , he found himself with an empire of many cultures , each with its own style of handwriting . a cohesive and unifying script was needed if his administration was to fun... | why was it so hard for `` his administration was to function properly '' , if everyone had different handwriting , because is n't it the same language ? |
the hard work of the scribe `` the fingers write , but the whole body suffers , '' ( medieval saying ) parchment makers prepared skins , scribes cut their pens and filled their ink pots , and binders packed their workshops with leather and wood . all these activities would be in vain were it not for the single event th... | on the other side there are more casual cursive scripts , which were written with a thinner pen and featured connecting loops . by the early fifteenth century these two script forms were equally popular , although cursive script was introduced much later in book production . the introduction of cursive script is part o... | so if cursive came after book script , when did our modern writing style come into existence ? |
overview the greeks made important contributions to philosophy , mathematics , astronomy , and medicine . literature and theatre was an important aspect of greek culture and influenced modern drama . the greeks were known for their sophisticated sculpture and architecture . greek culture influenced the roman empire and... | it emphasized logic and championed the idea of impartial , rational observation of the natural world . the greeks made major contributions to math and science . we owe our basic ideas about geometry and the concept of mathematical proofs to ancient greek mathematicians such as pythagoras , euclid , and archimedes . | did the greeks build on that knowledge ? |
overview the greeks made important contributions to philosophy , mathematics , astronomy , and medicine . literature and theatre was an important aspect of greek culture and influenced modern drama . the greeks were known for their sophisticated sculpture and architecture . greek culture influenced the roman empire and... | it emphasized logic and championed the idea of impartial , rational observation of the natural world . the greeks made major contributions to math and science . we owe our basic ideas about geometry and the concept of mathematical proofs to ancient greek mathematicians such as pythagoras , euclid , and archimedes . | what tools did the greeks use to observe the starlit sky ? |
overview the greeks made important contributions to philosophy , mathematics , astronomy , and medicine . literature and theatre was an important aspect of greek culture and influenced modern drama . the greeks were known for their sophisticated sculpture and architecture . greek culture influenced the roman empire and... | it emphasized logic and championed the idea of impartial , rational observation of the natural world . the greeks made major contributions to math and science . we owe our basic ideas about geometry and the concept of mathematical proofs to ancient greek mathematicians such as pythagoras , euclid , and archimedes . | why did the greeks make so many sculptures with no arms ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | reagan also promised to end the double-digit inflation that characterized jimmy carter 's presidency , and restore both americans ' faith in their country and america ’ s status in the world . “ let ’ s make america great again , ” the candidate and his campaign posters declared. $ ^3 $ reagan also addressed key concer... | did donald trump adopt the `` let 's make america great again '' mantra from reagan ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | over the course of his presidency , inflation and unemployment fell , while the national debt nearly tripled . the political career of ronald reagan a two-term president ( 1981-1989 ) , ronald reagan headed one of the most successful coalitions of political conservatives in american history . born in 1911 in northern i... | how did reagan get to be a hollywood actor ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | over the course of his presidency , inflation and unemployment fell , while the national debt nearly tripled . the political career of ronald reagan a two-term president ( 1981-1989 ) , ronald reagan headed one of the most successful coalitions of political conservatives in american history . born in 1911 in northern i... | did ronald reagan become president before or after may 18 , 1980 ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | over the course of his presidency , inflation and unemployment fell , while the national debt nearly tripled . the political career of ronald reagan a two-term president ( 1981-1989 ) , ronald reagan headed one of the most successful coalitions of political conservatives in american history . born in 1911 in northern i... | is it correct to say , ronald reagan lowered the taxes at first using concepts of keynesian economics and when he saw the economy was going beyond its comfortably production rate , he increased taxes to cool down the economy ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | over the course of his presidency , inflation and unemployment fell , while the national debt nearly tripled . the political career of ronald reagan a two-term president ( 1981-1989 ) , ronald reagan headed one of the most successful coalitions of political conservatives in american history . born in 1911 in northern i... | were there any mistakes the reagan made ? |
overview ronald reagan , a conservative republican , won the 1980 presidential election in a landslide . he won reelection in 1984 by one of the largest margins in us history . reagan ’ s campaign brought together a “ new right ” coalition of economic conservatives , members of the christian right , working-class white... | he called for a “ return to spiritual values ” as a means of strengthening traditional families and communities , advocated a constitutional amendment to ban abortion , and another constitutional amendment to permit organized prayer in public schools. $ ^4 $ president reagan earned the nickname “ the great communicator... | did any economist criticized that , what the economic drop down in j bush terms , was really birth reagonomics ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | the tlaloc temple at the top center of the tlaloc temple is a sculpture of a male figure on his back painted in blue and red . the figure holds a vessel on his abdomen likely to receive offerings . this type of sculpture is called a chacmool , and is older than the mexica . | what type of offerings would have been given ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . | why is everything so creepy ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | pieces of bone stick out from her limbs . the monolith relates to an important myth : the birth of the mexica patron deity , huitzilopochtli . apparently , huitzilopochtli ’ s mother , coatlicue ( snakes-her-skirt ) , became pregnant one day from a piece of down that entered her skirt . | is the spelling of the mexica patron deity huitzilopochtli or huiztilopochtli ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | the monolith relates to an important myth : the birth of the mexica patron deity , huitzilopochtli . apparently , huitzilopochtli ’ s mother , coatlicue ( snakes-her-skirt ) , became pregnant one day from a piece of down that entered her skirt . her daughter , coyolxauhqui , became angry when she heard that her mother ... | how did coatlicue get pregnant by a piece of down ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | this is known as the altar of the frogs . the croaking of frogs was thought to herald the coming of the rainy season , and so they are connected to tlaloc . while huiztilopochtli ’ s temple symbolized coatepec , tlaloc ’ s temple was likely intended to symbolize the mountain of sustenance , or tonacatepetl . | how do they know that the croaking of frogs was believed to announce the coming of the rain ? |
in 1978 , electrical workers in mexico city came across a remarkable discovery . while digging near the main plaza , they found a finely carved stone monolith that displayed a dismembered and decapitated woman . immediately , they knew they found something special . shortly thereafter , archaeologists realized that the... | paired together on the templo mayor , the two deities symbolized the mexica concept of atl-tlachinolli , or burnt water , which connoted warfare—the primary way in which the mexica acquired their power and wealth . the huitzilopochtli temple in the center of the huitzilopochtli temple was a sacrificial stone . near the... | why was the temple built to this scale , and is it significant for any reason ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and iconic biomes : the tropical rainforest . the tropical rainforest biome has four main characteristics : very high annual rainfall , high average temperatures , nutrient-poor soil , and high levels of biodiversity ( species richness... | which biome has trees , vines , the canopy , colorful plants and animals , and high rainfall ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | in borneo , fig trees are pollinated by fig wasps , and the seeds are dispersed by orangutans , one of the large , great ape primates . primates are iconic examples of tropical rainforests and of the diversity between different regional tropical rainforests . primates are a group of animals that include humans , great ... | what are the most famous tropical rain forests ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | biologists estimate that tropical rainforests contain about 50 % of the world ’ s terrestrial plant and animal species , yet they encompass only about 6 % of the world ’ s land area . while tropical rainforests around the world have many similarities in their climates and soil composition , each regional rainforest is ... | do chameleons live in tropical rainforest ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | in the topical rainforests of borneo , scientists have documented more than 15,000 plant species , including 2,500 species of orchids ! biologists estimate that tropical rainforests contain about 50 % of the world ’ s terrestrial plant and animal species , yet they encompass only about 6 % of the world ’ s land area . ... | what are some commonalities that you noticed in regards of where the biome is located around the world ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | this steady flow of radiation produces consistently high temperatures throughout the year . a typical daytime temperature any time of year in tropical rainforests is 29°c ( 85°f ) , although temperatures can be much higher . in the majority of tropical rainforests , there is only a 5°c ( 9°f ) difference in temperature... | why temperature doesnt vary much over the year ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | for example , south america ’ s tropical rainforests receive between 200 and 300 centimeters ( 80 and 120 inches , or 6.5 to 10 feet ! ) of rain in a typical year . despite relatively consistent rain in these ecosystems , there are distinct dry seasons in some rainforests . | what are the rain forests producers ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and iconic biomes : the tropical rainforest . the tropical rainforest biome has four main characteristics : very high annual rainfall , high average temperatures , nutrient-poor soil , and high levels of biodiversity ( species richness... | is there a difference between precipitation and rainfall ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . | what biome has birch and hickory trees ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . | is taiga similar to coniferous biome or temperate biome ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . | what biomes is more conductive for life ? |
biome is another name for a distinct type of ecosystem . biomes are characterized by their climate , which determines the particular plants found there . the climate and the plants in a biome determine what animals live there . this article addresses the climate and biodiversity of one of earth ’ s most diverse and ico... | for example , south america ’ s tropical rainforests receive between 200 and 300 centimeters ( 80 and 120 inches , or 6.5 to 10 feet ! ) of rain in a typical year . despite relatively consistent rain in these ecosystems , there are distinct dry seasons in some rainforests . | can rain forests be cold ? |
overview banking originated in medieval italy but was based on mathematical knowledge acquired from wide-reaching trade interactions . leonardo fibonacci ’ s book , liber abaci , introduced indian and islamic mathematical concepts to europe and applied them specifically to commerce and finance . the development of the ... | profits earned on legitimate trade , or through natural increases in value of an item , avoided the potential charge of usury . bills of exchange were written agreements that entitled the holder of the bill to a specified payment from a third party . you can think of a bill of exchange as having value because it promis... | what other examples of bills of exchange were there ? |
overview banking originated in medieval italy but was based on mathematical knowledge acquired from wide-reaching trade interactions . leonardo fibonacci ’ s book , liber abaci , introduced indian and islamic mathematical concepts to europe and applied them specifically to commerce and finance . the development of the ... | the development of the banking industry made trade and transferring funds over long-distances easier . financial institutions banks are institutions that accept and manage deposits of money from people and also offer credit—or loans—to clients . the term bank comes from the medieval italian word banca—bench or table in... | did the medici have complex financial instruments that would be analogous to present-day derivatives or credit-default-swaps ( cds ) ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | stated more generally , processes that locally decrease entropy , such as those that build and maintain the highly organized bodies of living things , can indeed take place . however , these local decreases in entropy can occur only with an expenditure of energy , where some of that energy is converted into heat or oth... | should this not be : ' these local decreases in entropy can only occur with an expenditure of energy ' ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | as it turns out , in every real-world energy transfer or transformation , some amount of energy is converted to a form that ’ s unusable ( unavailable to do work ) . in most cases , this unusable energy takes the form of heat . although heat can in fact do work under the right circumstances , it can never be turned int... | i still ca n't understand why heat is considered unusable energy ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | this law may seem kind of abstract , but if we start to look at examples , we ’ ll find that transfers and transformations of energy take place around us all the time . for example : light bulbs transform electrical energy into light energy ( radiant energy ) . one pool ball hits another , transferring kinetic energy a... | why cant heat which is the kinetic energy of particles be transformed to another type of enegry that can be used ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | so , every time an energy transfer happens , some amount of useful energy will move from the useful to the useless category . heat increases the randomness of the universe if heat is not doing work , then what exactly does it do ? heat that doesn ’ t do work goes towards increasing the randomness ( disorder ) of the un... | could someone give an easy explanation of why heat increases entropy ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | this law may seem kind of abstract , but if we start to look at examples , we ’ ll find that transfers and transformations of energy take place around us all the time . for example : light bulbs transform electrical energy into light energy ( radiant energy ) . one pool ball hits another , transferring kinetic energy a... | when it is said that some o the energy converts to unusable energy , it means unusable right know due to limited tecnology ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | this law may seem kind of abstract , but if we start to look at examples , we ’ ll find that transfers and transformations of energy take place around us all the time . for example : light bulbs transform electrical energy into light energy ( radiant energy ) . one pool ball hits another , transferring kinetic energy a... | since energy can not be created or destroyed and it can only change form or be transferred from one object to another , can we not consider the sun as the `` factory '' of energy and if not where does the sun receive his energy from ? |
introduction what kind of system are you : open or closed ? as it turns out , this is a physics question , not a philosophical one . you , like all living things , are an open system , meaning that you exchange both matter and energy with your environment . for instance , you take in chemical energy in the form of food... | this law may seem kind of abstract , but if we start to look at examples , we ’ ll find that transfers and transformations of energy take place around us all the time . for example : light bulbs transform electrical energy into light energy ( radiant energy ) . one pool ball hits another , transferring kinetic energy a... | regarding entropy , do we know what is order is and where it comes from , or is it like energy ( we know what it does but as feynman says that no one knows what energy is ) ? |
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