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in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound ! luckily , we know the charge on the anion : phosphate is a polyatomic ion that always has a charge of 3- . since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we c...
how do i know that phospahte has a charge of 3- ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
we have to memorize common polyatomic ions ( i have n't yet- is there a good method ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ \begin { array } { c c | c c } \textbf { formula } & amp ; \textbf { name } & amp ; \textbf { formula } & amp ; \textbf { name } \ \hline \text { hg } _2^ { 2+ } & amp ; \text { mercury ( i ) } & amp ; \text { scn } ^- & amp ; \text { thiocyanate } \ \text { nh } _4^+ & amp ; \text { ammonium } & amp ; \text { co } _...
i 'm terrible at remembering things ) , but should n't we theoretically be able to tell what the subscripts of chemical formulas are by the name ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
to name the whole compound , we start with the cation name with the charge included in parentheses using roman numerals , followed by the anion name . therefore , the name of the compound is nickel ( ii ) phosphate . example 3 : breaking apart an ionic compound into ions what are the constituent ions in the ionic compo...
for example , phosphate- it has phosphorus and oxygen , but should n't we be able to tell from the name specifically how many oxygen atoms there are ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
just wondering , are polyatomic ions found in nature as is ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
on the left we see the dot structure of the hydroxide ion . it contains one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom . the single line between them represents the covalent bond , which contains two electrons shared between $ \text { h } $ and $ \text { o } $ .
hence , would n't it be ho^- because hydrogen is the cation and oxygen is the anion ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
it contains one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom . the single line between them represents the covalent bond , which contains two electrons shared between $ \text { h } $ and $ \text { o } $ . the dots around $ \text { o } $ represent lone pairs of electrons .
on the lewis structure , is a line between the atoms always a `` covalent bond '' ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
referring to the common polyatomic ions table , is there a pattern for the number of oxygen atoms in the base case ( -ate ) of each polyatomic ion ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
from our table , we know that hydroxide has the formula $ \text { oh } ^- $ and that it carries a 1- charge . we will need two hydroxide ions to exactly cancel the 2+ charge on $ \text { ca } ^ { 2+ } $ . when writing out the formula , we include parentheses around $ \text { oh } $ followed by a subscript of 2 , to mak...
in problem 2 , how do you know that s 2- is sulfide ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound ! luckily , we know the charge on the anion : phosphate is a polyatomic ion that always has a charge of 3- . since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we c...
when we have for example nitrite , why does it have negative charge ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound ! luckily , we know the charge on the anion : phosphate is a polyatomic ion that always has a charge of 3- . since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we c...
and why nitrate and nitrite have same charge ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
on the left we see the dot structure of the hydroxide ion . it contains one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom . the single line between them represents the covalent bond , which contains two electrons shared between $ \text { h } $ and $ \text { o } $ .
should n't a charge change when we add/remove an atom ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
the single line between them represents the covalent bond , which contains two electrons shared between $ \text { h } $ and $ \text { o } $ . the dots around $ \text { o } $ represent lone pairs of electrons . in hydroxide , the oxygen has three lone pairs of electrons , which makes for six lone pair electrons in total...
i understand where these numbers come from , but where are the 10 electrons in the lewis diagram before that ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
are all polyatomic ions ionic ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
to name the whole compound , we start with the cation name with the charge included in parentheses using roman numerals , followed by the anion name . therefore , the name of the compound is nickel ( ii ) phosphate . example 3 : breaking apart an ionic compound into ions what are the constituent ions in the ionic compo...
i do n't understand how to identify that the cr and o in this compound are together ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
for a review on these topics , see this article on monatomic ions and naming ionic compounds . structure of polyatomic ions we can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions . a monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons .
how exactly do polyvalent ions work ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
we gave examples of baking soda and chalk in this article . can you find more ? hint : check out the ingredients list of your lotion , shampoo , or toothpaste .
for transition metals , you find the charge the same way as for regular elements , right ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
in this compound , the cation is based on nickel . nickel is a transition metal that can form multiple kinds of cations with different charges . that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound !
how to know how many different charges dose a transition metal has ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
similarly , we can think of a polyatomic ion as a molecule that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons . in a polyatomic ion , the group of covalently bonded atoms carries a net charge because the total number of electrons in the molecule is not equal to the total number of protons in the molecule . when drawi...
in the conclusion line 3 ( a polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded atoms that carries a net charge ) , how can it be both ionic and covalent ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
therefore , the name of the compound is nickel ( ii ) phosphate . example 3 : breaking apart an ionic compound into ions what are the constituent ions in the ionic compound $ \text { ca ( mno } _4 ) _2 $ ? specify the formula , charge , and number of each ion .
should molecules be ionic or covalent ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
is there a mnemonic device for remembering certain popular polyatomic ions ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
therefore , the name of the compound is nickel ( ii ) phosphate . example 3 : breaking apart an ionic compound into ions what are the constituent ions in the ionic compound $ \text { ca ( mno } _4 ) _2 $ ? specify the formula , charge , and number of each ion .
can we find an ionic compound that contains more than two types of ions ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
concept check : why would $ \text { caoh } _2 $ be the incorrect formula for calcium hydroxide ? example 2 : naming ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions what is the name of the compound with the formula $ \text { ni } _3 ( \text { po } _4 ) _2 $ ? when naming ionic compounds , it helps to first break down the f...
for `` example 2 : naming ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions , '' where does the -1 come from in the equation to find the cation charge ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom .
can an element exist naturally as an atom , and also as an ion ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
in this compound , we see that we have two ions of permanganate . because permanganate carries a 1- charge , this means it is contributing a net charge of $ 2\times ( 1 $ $ - ) =2 $ $ - $ to the ionic compound . recall that in all ionic compounds , the net charge of the compound must be zero .
but the math does n't add up sometimes , eg how can hydrogen phosphate have a charge of -2 ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
so how are polyatomic ions possible ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound ! luckily , we know the charge on the anion : phosphate is a polyatomic ion that always has a charge of 3- . since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we c...
can we know the charge of cr2o7 without looking up reference ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
from our table , we know that hydroxide has the formula $ \text { oh } ^- $ and that it carries a 1- charge . we will need two hydroxide ions to exactly cancel the 2+ charge on $ \text { ca } ^ { 2+ } $ . when writing out the formula , we include parentheses around $ \text { oh } $ followed by a subscript of 2 , to mak...
if chromium cr and and iron both fall into the category of variable charges , how are we to know fecr2o7 is : fe ( ii ) and [ cr ( ii ) 2-o7 ] and not : fe ( i ) and [ cr ( i ) 2-o7 } ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
the net charge on the hydroxide ion is indicated by putting the entire dot structure inside square brackets with the charge on the upper right . we see that hydroxide has a 1- charge , which means the ion has one more electron than there are protons in the nuclei of a hydrogen atom plus an oxygen atom . $ $ concept che...
how is it that a hydroxide ion has 10 electrons and not 9. since hydrogen has 1 elelctron and oxygen has 8 ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ \begin { array } { c c | c c } \textbf { formula } & amp ; \textbf { name } & amp ; \textbf { formula } & amp ; \textbf { name } \ \hline \text { hg } _2^ { 2+ } & amp ; \text { mercury ( i ) } & amp ; \text { scn } ^- & amp ; \text { thiocyanate } \ \text { nh } _4^+ & amp ; \text { ammonium } & amp ; \text { co } _...
in chemical formulas chemical `` x '' is bonded to both `` y '' and `` z '' ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
from our table , we know that hydroxide has the formula $ \text { oh } ^- $ and that it carries a 1- charge . we will need two hydroxide ions to exactly cancel the 2+ charge on $ \text { ca } ^ { 2+ } $ . when writing out the formula , we include parentheses around $ \text { oh } $ followed by a subscript of 2 , to mak...
`` x '' ( yz ) 2 and what is the number that multiplies `` ( yz ) '' ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we can use the chemical formula and the charge on phosphate to calculate the charge on the nickel ion : $ \text { net charge } =0= ( \text { # cations } \times\greend { \text { cation charge } } ) + ( \text { # anions } \times\text { anion charge } ) $ if we rear...
in the cation mg3 ( subscript ) ; what is the 3 ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
why do polyatomic ions even form ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom .
is n't mercury an element not a polyatomic ion ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
with regard to problem # 3 , would it be possible to know that cr2o7 ( dichromate ) was one of the two constituent ions without looking at the table of common polyatomic ions ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ let 's consider some examples . example 1 : finding the chemical formula from the compound name what is the chemical formula for calcium hydroxide ? calcium is an alkaline earth metal—group 2 on the periodic table—so it forms ions with a 2+ charge .
in example # 2 , ni3 ( po4 ) 2n , where does the -1 come from the formula ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
on the left we see the dot structure of the hydroxide ion . it contains one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom . the single line between them represents the covalent bond , which contains two electrons shared between $ \text { h } $ and $ \text { o } $ .
in the examples , why are the common charges for the oxygen atom ignored ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
does the constituent of compounded polyatomic ions still contain the charge ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
$ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere ! bicarbonate ions , $ \text { hco } _3^- $ , help maintain the ph level of our blood , while phosphates , $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ , are extremely important in various metabolic processe...
why is the common polyatomic ion table cut off ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
that means we will need to figure out the charge on the nickel ion in this specific compound so that we can specify it when naming the ionic compound ! luckily , we know the charge on the anion : phosphate is a polyatomic ion that always has a charge of 3- . since the overall charge for an ionic compound is zero , we c...
in problem 3 , how do you know that cr2o7 was a polyatomic ion ?
in this article , we will discuss polyatomic ions . the prefix poly- means many , so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom . this differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions , which contain only one atom . examples of monatomic ions include $ \text { na } ^+ $ , $ \text { fe } ^ { 3+ } $ , ...
we see that hydroxide has a 1- charge , which means the ion has one more electron than there are protons in the nuclei of a hydrogen atom plus an oxygen atom . $ $ concept check : how many protons and electrons are in a hydroxide ion ? common polyatomic ions polyatomic ions are everywhere !
how many protons and electrons in bisulfate ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
together , these cases accounted for all possible situations where an inscribed angle and a central angle intercept the same arc . case a | case b | case c : - : | : - : | : - : | | in case a , we spotted an isosceles triangle and a straight angle . from this , we set up some equations using $ \blued { \psi } $ and $ \...
is it logically necessary to prove case b at all ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
together , these cases accounted for all possible situations where an inscribed angle and a central angle intercept the same arc . case a | case b | case c : - : | : - : | : - : | | in case a , we spotted an isosceles triangle and a straight angle . from this , we set up some equations using $ \blued { \psi } $ and $ \...
case a is obviously necessary to prove case c , but does n't case c on its own cover every possibility of an inscribed angle that does n't lie along the diameter ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
we began the proof by establishing three cases . together , these cases accounted for all possible situations where an inscribed angle and a central angle intercept the same arc . case a | case b | case c : - : | : - : | : - : | | in case a , we spotted an isosceles triangle and a straight angle .
there 's somehow a way to use the arc formula ( arc=theta*radius ) to prove the inscribed angle theorem ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work !
does khanacademy teaches me everything about a particular topic or does it teaches me according to my grade ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
together , these cases accounted for all possible situations where an inscribed angle and a central angle intercept the same arc . case a | case b | case c : - : | : - : | : - : | | in case a , we spotted an isosceles triangle and a straight angle . from this , we set up some equations using $ \blued { \psi } $ and $ \...
how are we sure ( for case c ) that when we create a straight line to form a diameter , it creates an identical angle of theta and cactus ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
segments $ \overline { \redd { bc } } $ and $ \overline { \redd { bd } } $ are both radii , so they have the same length . this means that $ \triangle cbd $ is isosceles , which also means that its base angles are congruent : $ m\angle c = m\angle d = \blued \psi $ step 2 : spot the straight angle . angle $ \angle { \r...
hi sal , i have a question about the angle theorem proof and i am curious what happened if in all cases there was a radius and the angle defined would i be able to find the arch length by using the angle proof ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
step 1 : spot the isosceles triangle . segments $ \overline { \redd { bc } } $ and $ \overline { \redd { bd } } $ are both radii , so they have the same length . this means that $ \triangle cbd $ is isosceles , which also means that its base angles are congruent : $ m\angle c = m\angle d = \blued \psi $ step 2 : spot t...
or i had to identify the type of angle that i am given to figure out my arch length ?
getting started before we get to talking about the proof , let 's make sure we understand a few fancy terms related to circles . here 's a short matching activity to see if you can figure out the terms yourself : nice work ! we 'll be using these terms through the rest of the article . proof overview to prove $ \purple...
we began the proof by establishing three cases . together , these cases accounted for all possible situations where an inscribed angle and a central angle intercept the same arc . case a | case b | case c : - : | : - : | : - : | | in case a , we spotted an isosceles triangle and a straight angle .
so for the central angle to be double of the inscribed angle , the rays of the inscribed angle should originate from the point of intersection of the points ( on the circumference of the circle ) of the central angle ?
ideal female beauty look closely at the image to the left . imagine an elegant woman walks barefoot along a path accompanied by her attendant . she steps on a thorn and turns—adeptly bending her left leg , twisting her body , and arching her back—to point out the thorn and ask her attendant ’ s help in removing it . as...
it is dark , windowless , and designed for intimate , individualized worship of the divine—quite different from large congregational worshipping spaces that characterize many christian churches and muslim mosques . the lakshmana temple is an excellent example of nagara style hindu temple architecture . [ 5 ] in its mos...
if only a small part of the building is given , how could we identify that is 'lakshmana temple '' , khajuraho instead of ' '' angkor , the temple of angkor wat , the city of angkor thom , cambodia ( no.199 in 250 required works ) '' ?
ideal female beauty look closely at the image to the left . imagine an elegant woman walks barefoot along a path accompanied by her attendant . she steps on a thorn and turns—adeptly bending her left leg , twisting her body , and arching her back—to point out the thorn and ask her attendant ’ s help in removing it . as...
it is dark , windowless , and designed for intimate , individualized worship of the divine—quite different from large congregational worshipping spaces that characterize many christian churches and muslim mosques . the lakshmana temple is an excellent example of nagara style hindu temple architecture . [ 5 ] in its mos...
why it is called `` nagara '' style of architecture ?
ideal female beauty look closely at the image to the left . imagine an elegant woman walks barefoot along a path accompanied by her attendant . she steps on a thorn and turns—adeptly bending her left leg , twisting her body , and arching her back—to point out the thorn and ask her attendant ’ s help in removing it . as...
an implied , though not visible fourth face is that of a demon ’ s head at the rear of the image ( west-facing ) which has led some scholars to identify this form as chaturmurti or four-faced . [ 5 ] in general , there are two main styles of hindu temple architecture : the nagara style , which dominates temples from th...
are there more styles of architecture in india ?
a history of cultural exchange in what is now kyrgyzstan in central asia , there sits an ancient christian cemetery , its gravestones marked with nestorian crosses : a cross overlaid on a lotus blossom . the epitaph on one reads , `` this is the grave of jeremiah , the believer . '' the gravestone gives the year of jer...
a seventh-century buddhist scholar , xuanzang , wrote in his great tang records of the western regions of the great buddhas of bamiyan : “ immense stone buddhas carved into cliffs. ” buddhism was well-entrenched in this part of central asia—the statues , each over 120 feet in height , flanked the valley . these statues...
why did afghan taliban order the statues to be torn down in 2001 ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
in the natural world , it comes from bacteria ! bacteria play a key role in the nitrogen cycle . nitrogen enters the living world by way of bacteria and other single-celled prokaryotes , which convert atmospheric nitrogen— $ \text n_2 $ —into biologically usable forms in a process called nitrogen fixation .
how does the nitrogen cycle effect humans ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
that 's why , if you look at a bag of fertilizer , you will see it contains a lot of nitrogen and phosphorous . human activity affects cycling of nitrogen . we humans may not be able to fix nitrogen biologically , but we certainly do industrially !
what is something that we learn from the nitrogen cycle that could enhance or harm human life ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
instead , it 's converted from organic nitrogen back into $ \text n_2 $ gas by bacteria . this process often involves several steps in terrestrial—land—ecosystems . nitrogenous compounds from dead organisms or wastes are converted into ammonia— $ \text { nh } _3 $ —by bacteria , and the ammonia is converted into nitrit...
what is the biochemical process involved in the conversion of ammonia to nitrites and nitrates ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
instead , it 's converted from organic nitrogen back into $ \text n_2 $ gas by bacteria . this process often involves several steps in terrestrial—land—ecosystems . nitrogenous compounds from dead organisms or wastes are converted into ammonia— $ \text { nh } _3 $ —by bacteria , and the ammonia is converted into nitrit...
what is the biochemical process involved in the conversion of nitrites and nitrates to ammonia ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
when fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorous are carried in runoff to lakes and rivers , they can result in blooms of algae—this is called eutrophication . introduction nitrogen is everywhere ! in fact , $ \text n_2 $ gas makes up about 78 % of earth 's atmosphere by volume , far surpassing the $ \text o_2 $ we...
so , in the introduction , is o2 air ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
in the natural world , it comes from bacteria ! bacteria play a key role in the nitrogen cycle . nitrogen enters the living world by way of bacteria and other single-celled prokaryotes , which convert atmospheric nitrogen— $ \text n_2 $ —into biologically usable forms in a process called nitrogen fixation .
how can humans reduce our effect on the nitrogen cycle ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat the plants , they acquire usable nitrogen compounds .
can ammonia be directly converted into atmospheric nitrogen ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
this process often involves several steps in terrestrial—land—ecosystems . nitrogenous compounds from dead organisms or wastes are converted into ammonia— $ \text { nh } _3 $ —by bacteria , and the ammonia is converted into nitrites and nitrates . in the end , the nitrates are made into $ \text n _2 $ gas by denitrifyi...
or does it have to be first nitrites or nitrates and then converted into atmospheric nitrogen ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat the plants , they acquire usable nitrogen compounds . nitrogen is a common...
why is it that normal nitrogen is `` n '' while nitrogen in the atmosphere is `` n2 '' ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ .
what are drawbacks of pyramid of numbers ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
bacteria play a key role in the nitrogen cycle . nitrogen enters the living world by way of bacteria and other single-celled prokaryotes , which convert atmospheric nitrogen— $ \text n_2 $ —into biologically usable forms in a process called nitrogen fixation . some species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are free-living in...
in nitrogen fixation , atmospheric nitrogen gets converted to what ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
eutrophication can reduce oxygen availability in the water during the nighttime because the algae and microorganisms that feed on them use up large quantities of oxygen in cellular respiration . this can cause the death of other organisms living in the affected ecosystems , such as fish and shrimp , and result in low-o...
how do the dead zones ( caused by eutrophication ) revitalize and become able to support life again ?
key points nitrogen is a key component of the bodies of living organisms . nitrogen atoms are found in all proteins and $ \text { dna } $ . nitrogen exists in the atmosphere as $ \text n_2 $ gas . in nitrogen fixation , bacteria convert $ \text n_2 $ into ammonia , a form of nitrogen usable by plants . when animals eat...
in the natural world , it comes from bacteria ! bacteria play a key role in the nitrogen cycle . nitrogen enters the living world by way of bacteria and other single-celled prokaryotes , which convert atmospheric nitrogen— $ \text n_2 $ —into biologically usable forms in a process called nitrogen fixation .
when did the nitrogen cycle start working properly ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
during this time , what we now call china developed from a collection of isolated cultural communities to a set of organized states which eventually coalesced around the idea of a single unified state , and then expanded to include contact with other civilizations . the first step was the development of agriculture . t...
which of the dynasties ruled first in the shang was n't first ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
the qin eventually succeed in defeating all other states , uniting china for the first time . imperial china begins at this point .
why does china have dynasties named after emperors ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
when a ‘ hundred schools ’ of philosophy debated everything from the nature of man to notions of proper conduct and the ideal ruler . this period was so influential that later dynasties would refer back to it as a measure of their own worth . the neolithic period through the han dynasty can be broken down into the foll...
how did the dynasties defeat each other ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
**the erlitou period , named after the excavated site of an ancient capital , continues to be a source of debate . some historians believe it to be the site of the ancient xia dynasty . others consider it to be the early stages of the shang dynasty . dates for the erlitou , erligang and anyang phases of ancient china a...
execuse me sir , i want to learn the notes of xia and shang dynasties , what makes their kingdom grow and why ultimately destroyed or changed dynasty ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca .
were the ancient chinese in the neolithic era as evolved as we are today ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
zhou continues to rule as a puppet state while others jostle for power . the qin eventually succeed in defeating all other states , uniting china for the first time . imperial china begins at this point .
who was the first prime minister for china ?
we will refer to ancient china as the time between the neolithic period ( ca . 6,000‒ ca . 1750 b.c.e . ) and the han dynasty ( 206 b.c.e.‒220 c.e . ) , which is roughly equivalent to the period of the roman empire in the west . this is the formative stage of chinese civilization . during this time , what we now call c...
the qin eventually succeed in defeating all other states , uniting china for the first time . imperial china begins at this point .
what was the last dynasty in china ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
president johnson ’ s great society also established medicare and medicaid , which provide healthcare to the poor and to the elderly . the great society also involved education reform . the primary and secondary education act of 1965 authorized \ $ 1 billion in federal funding for public education and established speci...
would the great society be considered a socialist program ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
the great society also involved education reform . the primary and secondary education act of 1965 authorized \ $ 1 billion in federal funding for public education and established special programs for schools in low-income areas . the higher education act of 1965 increased federal funding for universities and extended ...
did lbj have more of a socialist leaning , or was he carrying on jfk 's programs ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s chief domestic policy program and one of his permanent legacies . president johnson vastly expanded the us military role in vietnam . johnson chose not to run for re...
how did lbj justify attacking a communist country in vietnam ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 .
was it just a war over maintaining foreign influence of the united states and her agenda ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
together , these two acts constituted the most comprehensive civil rights legislation ever passed , and were a paramount achievement of johnson ’ s presidency . the great society johnson ’ s major focus as president was the great society , a package of domestic programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and ...
is the war on poverty and the great society the same thing ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
what were his biggest mistakes ? who accomplished more for civil rights , johnson or kennedy ?
when kennedy died , did 1st lady jaqueline kennedy stay 1st lady , or ... what happened ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
why or why not ? which had a greater impact on poverty in america , the great society or the new deal ? why ?
what did the new deal comprise of ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s chief domestic policy program and one of his permanent legacies . president johnson vastly expanded the us military role in vietnam . johnson chose not to run for re...
what are 2 jobs that president johnson swore to do as president ?
overview lyndon johnson became president of the united states after the assassination of john f. kennedy in november 1963 . he served as president from 1963-1969 . the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s c...
the great society , a package of programs and legislation aimed at eradicating poverty and improving health care and education , was president johnson ’ s chief domestic policy program and one of his permanent legacies . president johnson vastly expanded the us military role in vietnam . johnson chose not to run for re...
did johnson get too much criticism because of the vietnam war ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
what are the benefits of electrical synapses ? for one thing , they 're fast—which could be important , say , in a circuit that helps an organism escape from a predator . also , electrical synapses allow for the synchronized activity of groups of cells .
is there any thing between the synaps any fluid or anyting else ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
to get the most out of this article , you may want to learn about neuron structure and action potentials first . electrical or chemical transmission ? at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century , there was a lot of controversy about whether synaptic transmission was electrical or chemical .
how can a synapse be both electrical and chemical ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
$ \text { ca } ^ { 2+ } $ , which is present at a much higher concentration outside the neuron than inside , rushes into the cell . the $ \text { ca } ^ { 2+ } $ allows synaptic vesicles to fuse with the axon terminal membrane , releasing neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft . the molecules of neurotransmitter diff...
how would a synaptic cleft come to be ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
synaptic plasticity is also involved in addiction . in addition , different presynaptic and postsynaptic cells produce different neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter receptors , with different interactions and different effects on the postsynaptic cell . for more information , take a look at the article on neurotrans...
does a certain neuron only send one kind of signal only ( different signals would be sent by different neurons ) or does a certain neuron send multiple kinds of signals by sending different kinds of neurotransmitters ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
these changes can strengthen or weaken communication at a particular synapse . presynaptic and postsynaptic cells can dynamically change their signaling behavior based on their internal state or the cues they receive from other cells . this type of plasticity , or capacity for change , makes the synapse a key site for ...
if the former , how are specific cells targeted ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials when a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor on a receiving cell , it causes ion channels to open or close . this can produce a localized change in the membrane potential—voltage across the membrane—of the receiving cell . in some cases , the change makes the target ce...
would n't hyper-polarization of the membrane cause this ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
it can maintain a resting potential—voltage across the membrane . it can fire nerve impulses , or action potentials . and it can carry out the metabolic processes required to stay alive .
what would happen if multiple action potentials reaches the synapsis too close to each other ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
this connection takes the form of a channel called a gap junction , which allows current—ions—to flow directly from one cell into another . electrical synapses transmit signals more rapidly than chemical synapses do . some synapses are both electrical and chemical .
would synapses fail in some way ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
the action happens at the synapse , the point of communication between two neurons or between a neuron and a target cell , like a muscle or a gland . at the synapse , the firing of an action potential in one neuron—the presynaptic , or sending , neuron—causes the transmission of a signal to another neuron—the postsynap...
then how does a neuron decide that which impulse to pass on and which not ?
key points neurons communicate with one another at junctions called synapses . at a synapse , one neuron sends a message to a target neuron—another cell . most synapses are chemical ; these synapses communicate using chemical messengers . other synapses are electrical ; in these synapses , ions flow directly between ce...
this connection takes the form of a channel called a gap junction , which allows current—ions—to flow directly from one cell into another . electrical synapses transmit signals more rapidly than chemical synapses do . some synapses are both electrical and chemical .
what is meant when they say , role of synapses in isolation and combination ?
visiting the chapel to any visitor of michelangelo ’ s sistine chapel , two features become immediately and undeniably apparent : 1 ) the ceiling is really high up , and 2 ) there are a lot of paintings up there . because of this , the centuries have handed down to us an image of michelangelo lying on his back , wiping...
in the first three paintings , michelangelo tells the story of the creation of the heavens and earth ; this is followed by the creation of adam and eve and the expulsion from the garden of eden ; finally is the story of noah and the great flood . ignudi , or nude youths , sit in fictive architecture around these fresco...
what does it mean to have made up architecture ?
visiting the chapel to any visitor of michelangelo ’ s sistine chapel , two features become immediately and undeniably apparent : 1 ) the ceiling is really high up , and 2 ) there are a lot of paintings up there . because of this , the centuries have handed down to us an image of michelangelo lying on his back , wiping...
it is no wonder that raphael , struck by the genius of the sistine chapel , rushed back to his school of athens in the vatican stanze and inserted michelangelo ’ s weighty , monumental likeness sitting at the bottom of the steps of the school . legacy michelangelo completed the sistine chapel in 1512 . its importance i...
after the third paragraph , where did the graphic `` diagram of the subjects of the sistine chapel '' come from ?
visiting the chapel to any visitor of michelangelo ’ s sistine chapel , two features become immediately and undeniably apparent : 1 ) the ceiling is really high up , and 2 ) there are a lot of paintings up there . because of this , the centuries have handed down to us an image of michelangelo lying on his back , wiping...
it is no wonder that raphael , struck by the genius of the sistine chapel , rushed back to his school of athens in the vatican stanze and inserted michelangelo ’ s weighty , monumental likeness sitting at the bottom of the steps of the school . legacy michelangelo completed the sistine chapel in 1512 . its importance i...
besides the sistine chapel , what are the other works i 'd want to look into to get a good appreciation for michelangelo as a painter ?
visiting the chapel to any visitor of michelangelo ’ s sistine chapel , two features become immediately and undeniably apparent : 1 ) the ceiling is really high up , and 2 ) there are a lot of paintings up there . because of this , the centuries have handed down to us an image of michelangelo lying on his back , wiping...
in fact , the first frescoes michelangelo painted contain multiple figures , much smaller in size , engaged in complex narratives . this can best be exemplified by his painting of the deluge . in this fresco , michelangelo has used the physical space of the water and the sky to separate four distinct parts of the narra...
could an argument be determined from this painting ?
roman art : when and where ancient roman art is a very broad topic , spanning almost 1,000 years and three continents , from europe into africa and asia . the first roman art can be dated back to 509 b.c.e. , with the legendary founding of the roman republic , and lasted until 330 c.e . ( or much longer , if you includ...
patrons chose to have themselves represented with balding heads , large noses , and extra wrinkles , demonstrating that they had spent their lives working for the republic as model citizens , flaunting their acquired wisdom with each furrow of the brow . we now call this portrait style veristic , referring to the hyper...
about this veristic republican portraiture : were women portrayed in as veristic a manner as the men ?
roman art : when and where ancient roman art is a very broad topic , spanning almost 1,000 years and three continents , from europe into africa and asia . the first roman art can be dated back to 509 b.c.e. , with the legendary founding of the roman republic , and lasted until 330 c.e . ( or much longer , if you includ...
the arches and columns ( like the arch of titus or the column of trajan ) , marked victories , depicted war , and described military life . they also revealed foreign lands and enemies of the state . they could also depict an emperor ’ s successes in domestic and foreign policy rather than in war , such as trajan ’ s a...
i did a quick google search and did not find any busts of really wrinkled women ... would this have had anything to do with the fact that women were not as involved in state or military affairs as men were ?
roman art : when and where ancient roman art is a very broad topic , spanning almost 1,000 years and three continents , from europe into africa and asia . the first roman art can be dated back to 509 b.c.e. , with the legendary founding of the roman republic , and lasted until 330 c.e . ( or much longer , if you includ...
zanker , paul . roman art . los angeles : j. paul getty museum , 2010 .
what might have caused roman art to move from being realistic to less natural ?
roman art : when and where ancient roman art is a very broad topic , spanning almost 1,000 years and three continents , from europe into africa and asia . the first roman art can be dated back to 509 b.c.e. , with the legendary founding of the roman republic , and lasted until 330 c.e . ( or much longer , if you includ...
zanker , paul . roman art . los angeles : j. paul getty museum , 2010 .
also was roman art the last form of decadent and realistic art until the renaissance ?