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before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
here 's how we would write the static version of add ( ) : pvector.add = function ( v1 , v2 ) { var v3 = new pvector ( v1.x + v2.x , v1.y + v2.y ) ; return v3 ; } ; there are several differences here : we define the function directly on the object , not on its prototype we never access the this keyword inside the funct...
so.. how is static functions even useful ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
it treats the object more like a namespace . for example , all the static functions on pvector perform some sort of manipulation on passed in pvector objects and always return back some value . we could define those functions globally as well , but this way , we avoid global functions and have better ways of grouping r...
it just saves a manipulation on a pvector and saves it as a variable ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
first , it does not return a new pvector ( there is no return statement ) and second , it changes the value of the pvector upon which it is called . in order to add two pvector objects together and return the result as a new pvector , we must use the `` static '' add ( ) function . a `` static '' function is a function...
is there a static function for the magnitude ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
let ’ s try to write the code based on what we know so far . var v = new pvector ( 0,0 ) ; var u = new pvector ( 4,5 ) ; var w = v.add ( u ) ; // don ’ t be fooled ; this is incorrect ! ! ! the above might seem like a good guess , but it ’ s just not the way the pvector object works .
var v = new pvector ( 1,5 ) ; var u= pvector.mult ( v,2 ) ; i do n't quite understand how var u= pvector.mult ( v,2 ) ; is working can someone expound ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
for example , all the static functions on pvector perform some sort of manipulation on passed in pvector objects and always return back some value . we could define those functions globally as well , but this way , we avoid global functions and have better ways of grouping related functionality . let 's contrast .
is it so that global variables are sought to be kept to a minimum in well-organized programs ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
in order to add two pvector objects together and return the result as a new pvector , we must use the `` static '' add ( ) function . a `` static '' function is a function that is defined on an object , but it does n't change properties of the object . so why even define it on the object ?
why is this , does the function simply need a vector at the start to work , and can not work with a normal scalar number at the front ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
in order to add two pvector objects together and return the result as a new pvector , we must use the `` static '' add ( ) function . a `` static '' function is a function that is defined on an object , but it does n't change properties of the object . so why even define it on the object ?
what is the difference between defining a function directly on an object and defining it on the prototype ( aside from the obvious difference in syntax ) ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
pvector 's static functions allow us to perform generic mathematical operations on pvector objects without having to adjust the value of one of the input pvectors . here 's how we would write the static version of add ( ) : pvector.add = function ( v1 , v2 ) { var v3 = new pvector ( v1.x + v2.x , v1.y + v2.y ) ; return...
also , what is the purpose of defining a function on the prototype in the first place ?
before we get to algorithm # 3 ( accelerate towards the mouse ) , we need to cover one more rather important aspect of working with vectors and the pvector object : the difference between using static functions and instance methods . forgetting about vectors for a moment , take a look at the following code : var x = 0 ...
let ’ s try to write the code based on what we know so far . var v = new pvector ( 0,0 ) ; var u = new pvector ( 4,5 ) ; var w = v.add ( u ) ; // don ’ t be fooled ; this is incorrect ! ! ! the above might seem like a good guess , but it ’ s just not the way the pvector object works .
var v = new pvector ( 0,0 ) ; var u = new pvector ( 4,5 ) ; var w = v.add ( u ) ; okay but why is it wrong ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
they could be applied as a single plane , but were also layered to create subtle effects and additional colors , such as pink or gray . more information on the materials used to make pigments , as well as a discussion of the symbolism of various colors may be found in the article “ aspects of color in ancient egypt ” a...
does anybody know where i can find the `` aspects of color in ancient egypt '' article ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
harder stones include quartzite , diorite , granite , and basalt . carving on softer stones was done using copper chisels and stone tools ; hard stone required tools of yet harder stone , copper alloys , and the use of abrasive sand to shape them . polishing was achieved with a smooth rubbing stone and abrasive sands w...
they mention how little they actually would cut into the stone , so is this a trick of my eye or do i actually see more sunken objects than raised ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut into the surface . pigments most pigments in egypt were derived from local minerals . white was often made from gypsum , black from carbon , reds and yellows from iron oxides , blue and green from azurite and malachite , and br...
was there more advanced technology in ancient egypt ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
very few metal statues survive because they were often melted down and the material reused , although preserved examples from the old and middle kingdoms demonstrate that they were skilled not only in sheet metal forming , but also practiced complex casting . jewelry work was quite sophisticated even in the old kingdom...
in the hyroglyfic 's in the tomb of king tut , why is the message saying that anyone who is going to raid his tomb will be cursed ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut into the surface . pigments most pigments in egypt were derived from local minerals . white was often made from gypsum , black from carbon , reds and yellows from iron oxides , blue and green from azurite and malachite , and br...
how did the get different shades from the pigments ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
this grid helped the artists properly proportion the figures and lay out the scenes . scene elements were drafted out using red paint , corrections noted in black paint , and then the painting was executed one color at a time . even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut...
how long did it take to make one statue ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
what materials and techniques were used during the period of time when akhenaten was the pharaoh ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
relief sculpture relief was usually carved before being painted . the two primary classes of relief are raised relief ( where the figures stand up out from the surface ) and sunk relief ( where the figures are cut into and below the surface ) . the surface would be smoothed with a layer of plaster and then painted .
what distortions mark ancient egyptian portrayals of human figures ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
and why were these distortions used ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut into the surface . pigments most pigments in egypt were derived from local minerals . white was often made from gypsum , black from carbon , reds and yellows from iron oxides , blue and green from azurite and malachite , and br...
are there many more pigments undiscovered ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
this grid helped the artists properly proportion the figures and lay out the scenes . scene elements were drafted out using red paint , corrections noted in black paint , and then the painting was executed one color at a time . even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut...
something i 've been reading about and trying to find a definitive answer but do we know what kind of paint the egyptians used ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
if the surface was not carved before painting , several layers of mud plaster would be applied to create a flat plane . the drawing surface would be delineated using gridded guidelines , snapped onto the wall using string coated in red pigment dust ( very much like chalk lines used by modern carpenters ) . this grid he...
`` the drawing surface would be delineated using gridded guidelines , snapped onto the wall using string coated in red pigment dust '' due to the temporary nature of the pigment dust i assume that it was not present on these reliefs by the time they were discovered - how do we know that this was the technique being use...
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
is this pharaoh headscarf , meant to give him a look of an cobra ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
the two primary classes of relief are raised relief ( where the figures stand up out from the surface ) and sunk relief ( where the figures are cut into and below the surface ) . the surface would be smoothed with a layer of plaster and then painted . if the surface was not carved before painting , several layers of mu...
was not the bust of nefertiti covered in plaster ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
the glaze coating could be almost any color , depending on the minerals used in the composition , although turquoise blue is the most common . relief sculpture relief was usually carved before being painted . the two primary classes of relief are raised relief ( where the figures stand up out from the surface ) and sun...
if you painted the relief before it was `` relieved '' or carved , would n't that mar the paint ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
the two primary classes of relief are raised relief ( where the figures stand up out from the surface ) and sunk relief ( where the figures are cut into and below the surface ) . the surface would be smoothed with a layer of plaster and then painted . if the surface was not carved before painting , several layers of mu...
also , when you say the `` surface would be smoothed with a layer of plaster and then painted '' does that mean they would flatten out the relief they just carved or just clean up some of their imperfections ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
this grid helped the artists properly proportion the figures and lay out the scenes . scene elements were drafted out using red paint , corrections noted in black paint , and then the painting was executed one color at a time . even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut...
what kind of binder was used to suspend the oxides , and other minerals , into a form of paint ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
this smooth black stone is connected with osiris , resurrected god of the dead who was often shown with black or green skin referring to the fertile silt and lush vegetation of the nile valley . these images preserve traces of red paint on the king ’ s skin indicating that , when completed and placed in his memorial te...
would n't the organic glue have chipped or deteriorated away during the lifetime of the artists ( considering climate and humidity - or lack of humidity ) ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
cult statues of gods were made in gold and silver—materials identified by myth as their skin and bones—and were often quite small . very few metal statues survive because they were often melted down and the material reused , although preserved examples from the old and middle kingdoms demonstrate that they were skilled...
what was the rarest piece of metal that was used in the old and middle kingdom ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
this grid helped the artists properly proportion the figures and lay out the scenes . scene elements were drafted out using red paint , corrections noted in black paint , and then the painting was executed one color at a time . even on carved relief , many elements in a scene would be executed only in paint and not cut...
how long would it take for the paint to flake off the statue ?
a wide variety egyptian artists used a wide array of materials , both local and imported , from very early in their history . for instance , already in the predynastic period we find figurines carved from lapis lazuli—a lustrous blue stone that originates in what is now afghanistan and indicates the early presence of r...
artisans excelled at puzzling together small , irregular pieces of wood and pegged them into place to create statuary , coffins , boxes , and furniture . metals they also executed pieces in various metals , including copper , copper alloys ( such as bronze ) , gold , and silver . cult statues of gods were made in gold ...
what does executed mean , i thought it meant to be beheaded ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
were the muslims also part of creating the dark ages ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
so the dark ages are bad ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
during this time , the roman empire slowly fragmented into many smaller political entities . the geographical boundaries for european countries today were established during the middle ages . this was a period that heralded the formation and rise of universities , the establishment of the rule of law , numerous periods...
why does the map show countries as the kingdom for example the kingdom of hungary , the kingdom of france ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
late byzantine art was made between the sack of constantinople and the fall of constantinople to the ottoman turks in 1453 . in the european west , medieval art is often broken into smaller periods . these date ranges vary by location .
were iron maidens used in the medieval time ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
perhaps someone who had seen ( or better yet read ) the name of the rose or pillars of the earth would add cathedrals , manuscripts , monasteries , feudalism , monks and friars . petrarch , an italian poet and scholar of the fourteenth century , famously referred to the period of time between the fall of the roman empi...
can someone please explain what b.c and a.c. and that stuff is ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
so what exactly is the dark ages ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
constantinople housed hagia sophia , one of the world ’ s largest churches , and was a major center of artistic production . the byzantine empire experienced two periods of iconoclasm ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) , when images and image-making were problematic . iconoclasm left a visible legacy on byzantine art because it c...
what is iconoclasm , and how did it effect byzantine art ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
broadly speaking , the middle ages is the period of time in europe between the end of antiquity in the fifth century and the renaissance , or rebirth of classical learning , in the fifteenth century and sixteenth centuries . not so dark after all characterizing the middle ages as a period of darkness falling between tw...
how is that part of the world went from a period of people who were thriving and developing in civilization , during ancient history , where they even had a plumbing system to the such a dark period in history ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
constantinople housed hagia sophia , one of the world ’ s largest churches , and was a major center of artistic production . the byzantine empire experienced two periods of iconoclasm ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) , when images and image-making were problematic . iconoclasm left a visible legacy on byzantine art because it c...
further down in the text , what exactly is iconoclasm ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
constantinople housed hagia sophia , one of the world ’ s largest churches , and was a major center of artistic production . the byzantine empire experienced two periods of iconoclasm ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) , when images and image-making were problematic . iconoclasm left a visible legacy on byzantine art because it c...
was the iconoclasm of ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) because of the up and coming islamic faith and that it is forbidden , or was there other reasons ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
during this time , the roman empire slowly fragmented into many smaller political entities . the geographical boundaries for european countries today were established during the middle ages . this was a period that heralded the formation and rise of universities , the establishment of the rule of law , numerous periods...
have any of the middle aged buildings still on land ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
christianity , and specifically catholicism in the latin west , brought with it new views of life and the world that rejected the traditions and learning of the ancient world . during this time , the roman empire slowly fragmented into many smaller political entities . the geographical boundaries for european countries...
into how many political entities does the roman empire fragmented ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
byzantine art is broken into three periods . early byzantine or early christian art begins with the earliest extant christian works of art c. 250 and ends with the end of iconoclasm in 842 . middle byzantine art picks up at the end of iconoclasm and extends to the sack of constantinople by latin crusaders in 1204 .
paintings of it as a christian church ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
petrarch , an italian poet and scholar of the fourteenth century , famously referred to the period of time between the fall of the roman empire ( c. 476 ) and his own day ( c. 1330s ) as the dark ages . petrarch believed that the dark ages was a period of intellectual darkness due to the loss of the classical learning ...
since it was the re-birth of classical learning that brought the middle ages to an end , which country or kingdom is this most significantly resulting from ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
petrarch believed that the dark ages was a period of intellectual darkness due to the loss of the classical learning , which he saw as light . later historians picked up on this idea and ultimately the term dark ages was transformed into middle ages . broadly speaking , the middle ages is the period of time in europe b...
is there one individual or event in history that is also a milestone for the end of the middle ages ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the wealthiest and most influential members of society commissioned cathedrals , churches , sculpture , painting , textiles , manuscripts , jewelry and ritual items from artists . many of these commissions were religious in nature but medieval artists also produced secular art . few names of artists survive and fewer d...
also what does ecclesiastical mean ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
were all of the living people in the dark ages ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
were hindus part of the of the dark age ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
were there hindus in europe in the time of the dark age ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
late byzantine art was made between the sack of constantinople and the fall of constantinople to the ottoman turks in 1453 . in the european west , medieval art is often broken into smaller periods . these date ranges vary by location .
what is medieval age or period ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
byzantine emperors ruled from constantinople , which they thought of as the new rome . constantinople housed hagia sophia , one of the world ’ s largest churches , and was a major center of artistic production . the byzantine empire experienced two periods of iconoclasm ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) , when images and image-m...
what famous artist went to the hagia sophia ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
what is classical learning and why did it diminish in the dark ages ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
byzantine emperors ruled from constantinople , which they thought of as the new rome . constantinople housed hagia sophia , one of the world ’ s largest churches , and was a major center of artistic production . the byzantine empire experienced two periods of iconoclasm ( 730-787 and 814-842 ) , when images and image-m...
is n't the hagia sophia a masjid for muslims ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
among the better ones were the song “ istanbul ( not constantinople ) ” sung by they might be giants , crusades , things that are too complex ( like the tax code or medical billing ) , hagia sophia , the poet yeats , mosaics , monks , and icons . unlike western europe in the middle ages , the byzantine empire is not ro...
why is n't the byzantine empire heard about very often ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
why is there so little mention of islam in the introduction ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
among the better ones were the song “ istanbul ( not constantinople ) ” sung by they might be giants , crusades , things that are too complex ( like the tax code or medical billing ) , hagia sophia , the poet yeats , mosaics , monks , and icons . unlike western europe in the middle ages , the byzantine empire is not ro...
were n't the three pivotal powers of europe and the surrounding area for much of the medieval period christian europe , the byzantine empire and the rising islamic states ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
petrarch believed that the dark ages was a period of intellectual darkness due to the loss of the classical learning , which he saw as light . later historians picked up on this idea and ultimately the term dark ages was transformed into middle ages . broadly speaking , the middle ages is the period of time in europe b...
the crusades were based in the middle ages wright ?
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv . when i polled a group of well-educated friends on facebook , they told me that the word “ medieval ” called to mind monty python and the holy grail , blackadder , the sword in the stone , lust...
the dark ages ? so much of what the average person knows , or thinks they know , about the middle ages comes from film and tv .
has archeologists found any historical evidence that king arthur existed ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
maybe they were born there ! to go further , even if you found out how that one person came to be in new york city , would that tell you exactly how a different person got there ? probably not .
how would one go about getting over the fear of having every question you ask causing your peers to label you as `` stupid '' ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
given how important social interactions are to a healthy lifestyle , social anxiety disorder can have very serious consequences . panic disorder panic disorder is characterized by recurring panic attacks , which are sudden and intense rushes of extreme fear or discomfort that gradually increases within minutes . this r...
what is the main cause of a panic attack ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
different types of phobias are categorized in the following groups : animal ( e.g. , snakes , dogs , sharks ) natural environment ( e.g. , heights , lightning , water ) blood-injection-injury ( e.g. , needles , surgery ) situational ( e.g. , flying in an airplane , riding on an elevator ) other ( e.g. , clowns , chokin...
while researching common traits among intelligent people , i noticed that one trait that kept coming up in articles and researches was the fact that intelligent people experience higher percentages of anxiety as opposed to those with lower iqs , why might this be ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
people with social anxiety disorder often worry they might be judged or scrutinized by others , or that they might embarrass themselves . people with social anxiety disorder avoid social interactions in the same way a person with a specific phobia would avoid their phobic stimulus . given how important social interacti...
why would intelligent people be more anxious ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
given how important social interactions are to a healthy lifestyle , social anxiety disorder can have very serious consequences . panic disorder panic disorder is characterized by recurring panic attacks , which are sudden and intense rushes of extreme fear or discomfort that gradually increases within minutes . this r...
is it possible to stop a panic attack while it 's happening ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
for some people , the fear of experiencing panic in a public place is so extreme that they are unable to leave their neighborhood , their house , or even their bedroom . generalized anxiety disorder generalized anxiety disorder ( gad ) is characterized by persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about multiple events...
what is the most common form of anxiety ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
for some people , the fear of experiencing panic in a public place is so extreme that they are unable to leave their neighborhood , their house , or even their bedroom . generalized anxiety disorder generalized anxiety disorder ( gad ) is characterized by persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about multiple events...
do people often self diagnose themselves with an anxiety disorder incorrectly or are anxiety disorders very common ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
as is the case with genetic factors , these environmental factors likely don ’ t directly cause anxiety disorders , but instead may increase a person ’ s vulnerability to anxiety . behavioral theories regarding the development of anxiety disorders ( particularly specific phobias ) suggest a two-step process that can le...
is anxiety something that is always linked to depression , or is there a clear separation between the two ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
for example : a big earthquake happened while you were driving over a bridge . even though the earthquake is what actually scared you , every time you look at that bridge you start to feel nervous and scared . as a result , the person then tries to lessen their conditioned fear/panic by avoiding the situation or object...
is it bad to be scared of elevators ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
so , even though it takes twice as long to reach your destination , you take a different route to avoid it . how are anxiety disorders treated ? although there is no cure for anxiety disorders , there are several effective treatments to help manage symptoms . medications such as antidepressants , beta-blockers , or ant...
when one has anxiety , do they experience all , or only a few of the symptoms ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
you also probably wouldn ’ t be very happy if your alarm went off when you didn ’ t need to wake up ( so much for sleeping in ! ) . this is the primary challenge facing people with anxiety disorders . their response to perceived threats and challenges can be too sensitive ( feeling fear when there is no danger ) or too...
wait , so it 's not known why people get anxiety when they think of school or going out into public places without people you know ?
we all have things that we ’ re afraid of . whether it ’ s seeing a spider , giving a speech , or jumping out of an airplane , some things just make our knees shake , hearts race , and our mouths dry up . evolutionarily speaking , fear is a good thing . fear is the emotional and physiological alarm that goes off in you...
sometimes these behaviors end up being harmful to the individual or others . fear , anxiety , and panic to understand anxiety disorders , it ’ s important to understand three ways we respond to perceived threats : fear , anxiety , and panic . fear , as mentioned above , is the emotional and physiological response we ha...
could interactions with certain people , but not in other social circumstances trigger anxiety/ fear/ panic ?
hilary wants to determine if any relationship exists between vitamin d and blood pressure . she is considering using one of a few different designs for her study . determine what type of conclusions can be drawn from each study design . scenario 1 hilary obtains a random sample of residents from her town . she surveys ...
| can determine causal relationship in that sample only . this design is where most experiments would fit . no random assignment | can detect relationships in population , but can not determine causality .
how can we differentiate between rbd and crd by observing an experimental design layout ?
loving mother . devoted wife . ideal woman . queen of heaven . who could ever be this perfect ? for christians , the virgin mary carries all these titles , and she is often celebrated in art as a mother , wife , and queen . with spanish colonization of the americas , devotion to the virgin mary crossed the atlantic . t...
her image is found everywhere throughout mexico today , gracing churches , chapels , homes , restaurants , vehicles , and even bicycles . imagery from the book of revelation and the song of songs many people consider the original image of guadalupe to be an acheiropoieta , or a work not made by human hands , and so div...
what evidence did cabrera use to declare the guadalupe an acheiropoieta ( `` made without hands or divinely created ... '' ) ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
because sex chromosomes don ’ t always come in homologous pairs , the genes they carry show unique , distinctive patterns of inheritance . sex chromosomes in humans human x and y chromosomes determine the biological sex of a person , with xx specifying female and xy specifying male . although the y chromosome contains ...
in the second paragraph of the section titled `` sex chromosomes in humans '' , do chromosomally female ( xx ) embreyos that develope into males make them have a more girlish appearance ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
are all of your chromosomes organized in homologous pairs ? the answer depends on whether you ’ re ( chromosomally ) male . a human male has two sex chromosomes , the x and the y .
do chromosomally male ( xy ) embreyos that develope into females make them have a more boyish appearance ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked .
can cross over happens between an xx pair ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
the human y chromosome plays a key role in determining the sex of a developing embryo . this is mostly due to a gene called sry ( “ sex-determining region of y ” ) . sry is found on the y chromosome and encodes a protein that turns on other genes required for male development $ ^ { 5,6 } $ .
is sry and tdf ( testis determining factor ) the same gene ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
although the y chromosome contains a small region of similarity to the x chromosome so that they can pair during meiosis , the y chromosome is much shorter and contains many fewer genes . to put some numbers to it , the x chromosome has about $ 800-900 $ protein-coding genes with a wide variety of functions , while the...
so should n't it be said that 1/4 of sons will be affected ; because mathematically speaking the 4 squares are a whole or 100 % so one square would be 1/4 or 25 % ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked .
what are those symbols over there ?
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
key points : in humans and other mammals , biological sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes : xy in males and xx in females . genes on the x chromosome are said to be x-linked . x-linked genes have distinctive inheritance patterns because they are present in different numbers in females ( xx ) and males ( xy )...
how can a female inherit an x-linked recessive disease when females have x-inactivation ?
perhaps the first response to dubuffet ’ s a view of paris : the life of pleasure is the sense that it could have been painted by a child . in fact , dubuffet looked to children ’ s art as a model of unbridled creativity and he emulated it in his work , marking his canvases with scribbles , smears , and crudely rendere...
similarly , dubuffet ’ s painting style , characterized by roughly handled paint and crude , thick marks , leans more toward unrestrained forcefulness than the presumed innocence of children ’ s art . another important source for dubuffet was art produced by societal outsiders , including those with psychiatric disorde...
why are these paintings so important ?
looking back and looking forward at the top of a hill in northern italy , not far from venice , stands a majestic villa . designed by andrea palladio , the villa almerico-capra , commonly known as la rotonda , would become one of the most recognizable buildings of the renaissance . it is a building that consciously rec...
a unique commission for a timeless edifice la rotonda was commissioned by paolo almerico , a retired prelate who returned to vicenza after a career in the vatican court . almerico sold his house in the city to retire in the countryside . for this reason , la rotonda was not technically designed as a villa as much as an...
did thomas jefferson model his famous house monticello in any way off of the villa rotunda ?
looking back and looking forward at the top of a hill in northern italy , not far from venice , stands a majestic villa . designed by andrea palladio , the villa almerico-capra , commonly known as la rotonda , would become one of the most recognizable buildings of the renaissance . it is a building that consciously rec...
for this reason , la rotonda was not technically designed as a villa as much as an urban residence placed in the countryside . almerico never thought of this space as an agricultural production facility , and palladio himself classified the building as a palazzo . the ecclesiastical career of almerico had a definite im...
the planning of this building has influences from the vitruvian man , i wanted to kow if there are any influences from the philosophies of pico della mirandola ?
looking back and looking forward at the top of a hill in northern italy , not far from venice , stands a majestic villa . designed by andrea palladio , the villa almerico-capra , commonly known as la rotonda , would become one of the most recognizable buildings of the renaissance . it is a building that consciously rec...
in fact , many of the paintings make explicit connections to the religious life of almerico , celebrating religious values and christian virtues , such as temperance and chastity . the exterior of la rotonda also suggests the sacred . the edifice was influenced by ancient roman temples ( such as the pantheon ) and sacr...
his oration spoke about humans having the capability of rising above the chain of being , does incorporating design vocabulary of sacred spaces into a residential place have anything to do with it ?
looking back and looking forward at the top of a hill in northern italy , not far from venice , stands a majestic villa . designed by andrea palladio , the villa almerico-capra , commonly known as la rotonda , would become one of the most recognizable buildings of the renaissance . it is a building that consciously rec...
the religious connotations of la rotonda are palpable in the vibrant interior , which contrasts with the sober exterior . inside , la rotonda is a colorful and vivid space that looks more like a church than a household . in fact , many of the paintings make explicit connections to the religious life of almerico , celeb...
maybe a space like this inspires the user to aspire to be higher in the chain of being and aspire to reach god ?
looking back and looking forward at the top of a hill in northern italy , not far from venice , stands a majestic villa . designed by andrea palladio , the villa almerico-capra , commonly known as la rotonda , would become one of the most recognizable buildings of the renaissance . it is a building that consciously rec...
by using ancient roman temples as a model , palladio incorporates religious overtones into an otherwise secular space . at the same time , la rontonda has a perennial quality to it ; palladio ’ s use of classical elements emphasizes a universal architectural language . essay by javier berzal additional resources villa ...
what is the significance of the use of tile roofing ?
antonio pollaiuolo ’ s battle of ten nudes has been called the single most important engraving in european history . clearly based on classical antiquity ( the cultures of ancient greece and rome ) , the print is monumental in size ( approximately 15 x 23 inches ) and , because of its shallow space , resembles ancient ...
the result is that , over time , two different images were pulled from pollaiuolo ’ s one plate . because prints were collected like modern day baseball cards , engravings of the battle of ten nudes ended up all over europe , and many other artists copied it . although people in other parts of europe might read about t...
is there an estimate of how many prints were made ?
antonio pollaiuolo ’ s battle of ten nudes has been called the single most important engraving in european history . clearly based on classical antiquity ( the cultures of ancient greece and rome ) , the print is monumental in size ( approximately 15 x 23 inches ) and , because of its shallow space , resembles ancient ...
the result is that , over time , two different images were pulled from pollaiuolo ’ s one plate . because prints were collected like modern day baseball cards , engravings of the battle of ten nudes ended up all over europe , and many other artists copied it . although people in other parts of europe might read about t...
were the collectors of such prints mostly consigned to artists and the affluent or did this break class barriers in addition to the geographic ones ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilibrium expression . $ k_\text c $ is often written without units , depending on the textbook . the reaction must be balanced with the coefficients written as the lowest possible integer values in order to get the correct value for $ k_\tex...
when kc is given units , what is the unit ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
if you change the temperature of a reaction , then $ k_\text c $ also changes . pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilibrium expression . $ k_\text c $ is often written without units , depending on the textbook .
why are n't pure liquids and pure solids included in the equilibrium expression ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
given an equation $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoons \text { cc } + \text { dd } $ , the equilibrium constant $ k_\text c $ , also called $ k $ or $ k_\text { eq } $ , is defined using molar concentration as follows : $ k_\text c = \dfrac { [ \text { c ] } ^\text { c } \text { [ d ] } ^\text d } { [ \text...
if the equilibrium favors the products , does this mean that equation moves in a forward motion ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
most reactions are theoretically reversible in a closed system , though some can be considered to be irreversible if they heavily favor the formation of reactants or products . the double half-arrow sign we use when writing reversible reaction equations , $ \leftrightharpoons $ , is a good visual reminder that these re...
would i still include water vapor ( h2o ( g ) ) in writing the kc formula ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
imagine we have the same reaction at the same temperature $ \text t $ , but this time we measure the following concentrations in a different reaction vessel : $ \begin { align } { [ } \text { so } _2 ] & amp ; = 3.6 \ , \text { m } \ \ [ \text o_2 ] & amp ; = 0.087 \ , \text m\ \ [ \text { so } _3 ] & amp ; = 2.2 \ , \...
what happens if q is n't equal to kc ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
the $ \text c $ in the subscript stands for concentration since the equilibrium constant describes the molar concentrations , in $ \dfrac { \text { mol } } { \text { l } } $ , at equilibrium for a specific temperature . the equilibrium constant can help us understand whether the reaction tends to have a higher concentr...
could anyone please explain how the value of kc affects the concentration of reactants and the products ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
example part 1 : calculating $ k_\text c $ from equilibrium concentrations let 's take a look at the equilibrium reaction that takes place between sulfur dioxide and oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide : $ 2\text { so } _2 ( g ) + \text o_2 ( g ) \leftrightharpoons 2\text { so } _3 ( g ) $ the reaction is at equilibrium ...
if kc is equal to the quotient at equilibrium then what 's the use of finding out the quotient but you 're still the same concentrations ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
if you change the temperature of a reaction , then $ k_\text c $ also changes . pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilibrium expression . $ k_\text c $ is often written without units , depending on the textbook .
why do liquids and solids not include in equilibrium constant k ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
if you change the temperature of a reaction , then $ k_\text c $ also changes . pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilibrium expression . $ k_\text c $ is often written without units , depending on the textbook .
`` pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilibrium expression '' why is that ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
we can also use $ k_\text c $ to determine if the reaction is already at equilibrium . how do we calculate $ k_\text c $ ? consider the balanced reversible reaction below : $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoons \text { cc } + \text { dd } $ if we know the molar concentrations for each reaction species , we c...
how do you calculate the concentrations if they do n't give you the liters/ mass/ etc ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
there are some important things to remember when calculating $ k_\text c $ : $ k_\text c $ is a constant for a specific reaction at a specific temperature . if you change the temperature of a reaction , then $ k_\text c $ also changes . pure solids and pure liquids , including solvents , are not included in the equilib...
why is it only affected by temperature ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
it is important to remember that even though the concentrations are constant at equilibrium , the reaction is still happening ! that is why this state is also sometimes referred to as dynamic equilibrium . based on the concentrations of all the different reaction species at equilibrium , we can define a quantity called...
did the article mean to say that kc is sometimes referred to as keq or -- -- - > kc < -- -- - ?
key points a reversible reaction can proceed in both the forward and backward directions . equilibrium is when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction . all reactant and product concentrations are constant at equilibrium . given a reaction $ \text { aa } + \text { bb } \leftrightharpoon...
the $ \text c $ in the subscript stands for concentration since the equilibrium constant describes the molar concentrations , in $ \dfrac { \text { mol } } { \text { l } } $ , at equilibrium for a specific temperature . the equilibrium constant can help us understand whether the reaction tends to have a higher concentr...
if a solid or liquid is one of the reactants or products , should n't it affect the equilibrium constant ?