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let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
do you know who else helped create the scientific method as well ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
in the video about the testable hypothesis what is the freezing water of salt water ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
but why does salt water have lower freezing point than fresh water ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , our prediction , let 's say the fresh freezes at zero degrees celsius , but salt does n't . salt water does n't . salt water does n't .
does the salt water freeze slower because of increased movement of water in the ocean or is it because the salt melts the ice ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fresh water , so your testable explanation could be salt water , salt water has lower freezing point . has lower freezing , freezing point . lower freezing point , so it takes colder temp...
how dose the salt in the ocean lower the freezing point ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
testable explanation , and this is kind of the core , one of the core pillars of the scientific method , and this testable explanation is called your hypotypothesis . your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fr...
what is the difference between prediction and hypothesis ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , the first thing is , we 'll say i take , you know , there 's all sorts of things that are going on outside . the ocean has waves . you know , maybe there are boats going by that might potentially break up the ice .
is the reason also that the ocean is moving ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fresh water , so your testable explanation could be salt water , salt water has lower freezing point . has lower freezing , freezing point . lower freezing point , so it takes colder temp...
but why does the salt lower the freezing point ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , then you test it . and how would you test it ? well , you could have a very accurate freezer that is exactly at zero degrees celsius , and you put both of these cups into it , and you wan na make sure that they 're identical and everything where you control for everything else .
is it because it would melt the ice until a certain point ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
observation . in our particular case is that the pond freezes over at higher temperatures than the ocean does , and it freezes over sooner in the winter . well , the next question that you might wan na , or the next step you could view as a scientific method .
can you say the pond freezes faster because its smaller than the ocean ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
testable explanation , and this is kind of the core , one of the core pillars of the scientific method , and this testable explanation is called your hypotypothesis . your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fr...
should n't a hypothesis be an if ... then statement ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fresh water , so your testable explanation could be salt water , salt water has lower freezing point . has lower freezing , freezing point .
could it also have something to do with the ocean has continual flow of water and a pond does n't ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , you would n't see the salt , but just for our visuals , you depict it . then we would make a prediction , and we could even view this as step 4 , our prediction . we predict that the fresh water will freeze at a higher temperature than the salt water .
what is the difference between a prediction and an inference ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , the next part that i will do is the experiment . experiment . and there you go .
what is a controlled experiment ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
testable explanation , and this is kind of the core , one of the core pillars of the scientific method , and this testable explanation is called your hypotypothesis . your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fr...
does a hypothesis have to be an if ... then statement ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
what is the history of the scientific method ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
should we today not discuss how life came to be from various perspectives to encourage the use of the scientific method ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
lower freezing point , so it takes colder temperatures to freeze it than fresh water . than fresh water . so , this , right over here , this would be a good hypothesis .
can the fresh water freeze faster because it is not moving ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , the first thing is , we 'll say i take , you know , there 's all sorts of things that are going on outside . the ocean has waves . you know , maybe there are boats going by that might potentially break up the ice .
and does the ocean not make any heat from eaves moving keeping it warm as if you are cold you move and you get warm , would that be why ocean water doesn not freeze as fast as a pond will as it is still ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
well , you could say that there is a fairy that blesses that blesses , let 's say that performs magic , performs magic on the pond to freeze it faster . freeze it faster . and , the reason why this is n't so good is that this is not so testable , because it 's depending on this fairy , and you do n't know how to convin...
which freezes faster a lake or a sea ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
leave it in overnight , and if you see that the fresh water has frozen over , so it 's frozen over , but the salt water has n't , well then that seems to validate your testable explanation . that salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water , and if it did n't freeze , well it 's like , okay , well maybe that...
does n't the pond freeze over first because its not in constant motion ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
there 's a million different reasons , and you should n't just go on your gut , 'cause at some point , your gut might be right 90 % of the time , but that 10 % that it 's wrong , you 're going to be passing on knowledge or assumptions about the world that are n't true , and then other people are going to build on that ...
why is freud 's psychoanalysis considered unscientific ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
testable explanation , and this is kind of the core , one of the core pillars of the scientific method , and this testable explanation is called your hypotypothesis . your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fr...
please correct me if i 'm wrong ... what exactly is the difference between the hypothesis and the prediction ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
lower freezing point , so it takes colder temperatures to freeze it than fresh water . than fresh water . so , this , right over here , this would be a good hypothesis .
why does the pond freezes faster than the sea water ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , this one is fresh , very fresh , and in fact , far fresher than you would find in a pond . it 's distilled water . and then this is over here , this is salt water .
distilled water is basically pure water , right ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
then we would make a prediction , and we could even view this as step 4 , our prediction . we predict that the fresh water will freeze at a higher temperature than the salt water . so , our prediction , let 's say the fresh freezes at zero degrees celsius , but salt does n't .
does the salt water freeze slower because of the density ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
well , you then try to answer that question , and this is a key part of the scientific method , is what you do in this third step , is that you try to create an explanation , but what 's key is that it is a testable explanation . so , you try to create a testable explanation . testable explanation , and this is kind of...
what does sal means by a testable explanation ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fresh water , so your testable explanation could be salt water , salt water has lower freezing point . has lower freezing , freezing point . lower freezing point , so it takes colder temp...
i 'm not sure , but is n't it true that saltwater has a lower freezing point than freshwater ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
does the scientific method include reproducible ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , he 's saying be skeptical , and not just skeptical of what other people write and read , but even of yourself . and another aspect of the scientific method which is super important is , if someone says they made a hypothesis and they tested and they got a result , in order for that to be a good test and in order f...
also , what does sal mean by reproducible ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
well , you could say that there is a fairy that blesses that blesses , let 's say that performs magic , performs magic on the pond to freeze it faster . freeze it faster . and , the reason why this is n't so good is that this is not so testable , because it 's depending on this fairy , and you do n't know how to convin...
how long does it take for the whole pond to freeze and for how long will it stay frozen ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fresh water , so your testable explanation could be salt water , salt water has lower freezing point . has lower freezing , freezing point . lower freezing point , so it takes colder temp...
would another solution , such as a sugar solution , also have a lower freezing point than the distilled water ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
the narrator says : `` the fresh water freezes at higher temperature than the salt water '' and i get confused , because is n't actually a lower temperature 0 degrees ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
we have n't actually run the experiment , but it 's a good one , because we can construct an experiment that tests this very well . now , what would be an example of a bad hypothesis or of something that you could n't even necessarily consider as part of the scientific method ? well , you could say that there is a fair...
lol xd sal : now , what would be an example of a bad hypothesis or something that you could n't even necessarily consider as part of the scientific method ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
does n't the salt water have a higher freezing point than the freshwater ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
testable explanation , and this is kind of the core , one of the core pillars of the scientific method , and this testable explanation is called your hypotypothesis . your hypothesis . and so , in this particular case , a testable explanation could be that , well the ocean is made up of salt water , and this pond is fr...
is n't the prediction practically the same thing as the hypothesis ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
then we would make a prediction , and we could even view this as step 4 , our prediction . we predict that the fresh water will freeze at a higher temperature than the salt water . so , our prediction , let 's say the fresh freezes at zero degrees celsius , but salt does n't .
will the pond freeze if theres very little water ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
why does the salt keep the water from freezing ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
so , let 's go back to our testable explanation , our hypothesis . salt water has a lower freezing point than fresh water . well , the next step would be to make a prediction based on that , and this is the part where we 're really designing an experiment .
what does the salt water do to water to give it a separate freezing point ?
let 's explore the scientific method . which at first might seem a bit intimidating , but when we walk through it , you 'll see that it 's actually almost a common-sense way of looking at the world and making progress in our understanding of the world and feeling good about that progress of our understanding of the wor...
well , you could say that there is a fairy that blesses that blesses , let 's say that performs magic , performs magic on the pond to freeze it faster . freeze it faster . and , the reason why this is n't so good is that this is not so testable , because it 's depending on this fairy , and you do n't know how to convin...
how could a little pond freeze over quicker than the ocean ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work . this works in reverse .
who comes up with ideas of options and who makes the final decision ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it has to fit with a certain context . ultimately the best frame is the one that does n't call attention to itself . the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work .
when is the frame considered to have artistic or historic value ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it has to fit with a certain context . ultimately the best frame is the one that does n't call attention to itself . the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work .
why is the frame so important ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it has to fit with a certain context . ultimately the best frame is the one that does n't call attention to itself . the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work .
how does the frame push and pull ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
what is it about the frame that could be improved upon ? it was not original to the work . framers talk about frames in terms of weight , not necessarily in terms of look .
when was the first time artist started framing their art work ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it 's not damaging or causing any pressure . many of the frames that wyeth selected for his work were painted and he always wanted to pick a color from the painting and use that color in the frame . if the artist does it it 's one thing , but a framer should not be doing that .
the framer said that wyeth liked to pick a frame that matched a color in the painting , but a framer should not do that ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
so what 's important that we see the entire panel . this painting actually is floating . there are two frames in one here .
is that the real painting of andrew wyeth 's christina 's world ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
so what 's important that we see the entire panel . this painting actually is floating . there are two frames in one here .
how to decide if we should put glass on painting or not ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it has to fit with a certain context . ultimately the best frame is the one that does n't call attention to itself . the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work .
why not follow the traditions of the time period or the artist in choosing a frame ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
if the artist does it it 's one thing , but a framer should not be doing that . i picked what i thought would be a very natural wood and basically set the painting within the frame as a beautiful little jewel . the whole frames is made from one single piece of wood so that the grain just continues .
if you were to put a horribly made , bland , wood frame on an absolutely dazzling masterpiece , would it make it as horrible-looking as the frame ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
this painting actually is floating . there are two frames in one here . it 's not damaging or causing any pressure .
would the frames matter to the appearance of the paintings ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it has to fit with a certain context . ultimately the best frame is the one that does n't call attention to itself . the frame has a way of pushing and pulling . normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work .
so the frame is also important ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
it 's not damaging or causing any pressure . many of the frames that wyeth selected for his work were painted and he always wanted to pick a color from the painting and use that color in the frame . if the artist does it it 's one thing , but a framer should not be doing that .
does the color of the frame effect the painting ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
normally if you had a landscape , it would be what is called a cove , a frame that comes out and creates a window into the work . this works in reverse . this one the painting come forward and the frame goes back .
do museums often choose to re-frame the works they receive ?
( modern music ) - [ peter ] the frame shop here at the museum of modern art is actually unique . we do most of the framing for the collection , for exhibitions and traveling exhibitions . anything that is wood is made inside . we have a small woodworking shop . we have seven people working at the department but we pro...
these are very very minor variations that ultimately you do n't pay attention to , but in terms of the framing it 's rather important and it has a way of affecting how we see a painting . ( modern music )
in the case of modern art , how much input would the artist typically have in the framing process ?
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually . four inequalities that involve absolute value . and what i want to do is figure out which is these inequalities are true , giv...
all right , next statement . `` absolute value of a is less than the absolute value of c. '' well , we already know that the absolute value of a is the same value as c. so what 's the absolute value of c ? well , the absolute value of a positive number is just going to be that number .
do we really have to represent the absolute value with the two lines ?
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually . four inequalities that involve absolute value . and what i want to do is figure out which is these inequalities are true , giv...
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually .
did sal actually say `` the number `` b '' ?
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually . four inequalities that involve absolute value . and what i want to do is figure out which is these inequalities are true , giv...
if you 're to the left of something else on the number line you 're less than that other thing . because the number line , at least the way we 've constructed it , it increases from left to right . all right , the next statement , `` the absolute value of a is greater than the absolute value of b . ''
what does `` increases from left to right '' ?
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually . four inequalities that involve absolute value . and what i want to do is figure out which is these inequalities are true , giv...
we could have written , `` absolute value of a is equal to absolute value of c. '' that would have been true . all right , last one . a is less than c. well , once again a is to the left of c on the number line .
why does an absolute value , have the two lines ( one on the left and one on the right ) ?
what i have here are three numbers plotted on the number line . we have the number a , the number c , the number b . and then we have three -- ( laughs ) we have four inequalities , actually . four inequalities that involve absolute value . and what i want to do is figure out which is these inequalities are true , giv...
all right , next statement . `` absolute value of a is less than the absolute value of c. '' well , we already know that the absolute value of a is the same value as c. so what 's the absolute value of c ? well , the absolute value of a positive number is just going to be that number .
what does absolute value mean ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
it will be probably below 20 or maybe 25 millimeters per hour . that 's the units of esr , erythrocyte sedimentation rate . so crp and esr , as i was saying , may be drastically elevated . so resolution of septic shock will show these values starting to go back down to normal , so searching for a down trend of these el...
why the esr is elevated ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
now , why broad spectrum ? well , when you first treat sepsis , you 'll have drawn a blood culture , but you wo n't have the results back yet . so you 'll have to start with an antibiotic that can treat many different types of infections .
should n't you give the patients fluids and ionotrops first and circulatory and respiratory resuscitation ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
that other way is anaerobic metabolism , metabolism without oxygen . a byproduct of that is lactate , or lactic acid . so measuring the levels of serum lactate will tell you just how oxygen-starved these cells are .
could drawing a lactic acid/lactate for lab be thrown off by a person that has exercised recently ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
that other way is anaerobic metabolism , metabolism without oxygen . a byproduct of that is lactate , or lactic acid . so measuring the levels of serum lactate will tell you just how oxygen-starved these cells are .
if so , how long would they have from the time of exercise to the time that the lactic acid is drawn for lab for it to not have any effect ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material .
what if someone with septic shock has that because of a virus ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
now remember , not only is there an infection going on , but as a byproduct of this infection , the patient has a drop in blood pressure . so , treatment will also include iv fluids to restore blood pressure , as well as a medication called pressors . what pressors do is they help squeeze down blood vessels to allow an...
would n't hypertonic fluids have this advantage of pulling those fluids from extracellular space to vascular bed , thus improving oxygenation , apart from just hypovolemia treatment ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
in amounting a response , they release all these different immune molecules that can cause damage to blood vessels and increase blood vessel diameter , and the permeability of blood vessels , and so on and so forth . what 's the first thing you think you would want to do in a patient who might have shock ? well first o...
would a patient experience any lasting mental/psychological problems ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material .
would some infections be more likely to cause septic shock ?
to understand the labs of septic shock , let 's first go ahead and recall what septic shock is . so really briefly , remember , septic shock is an infective material that you see in blood vessels . white blood cells amount a response to the septic material . in amounting a response , they release all these different i...
because remember , delay in treatment can lead to increased mortality . and last of all , in many hospitals you might hear the term , two large bore iv lines for iv fluid treatment . essentially , that 's establishing two lines in either arm in which fluids can get to the patient .
then circulation would be addressed ( iv , meds etc ) ?
( elegant music ) - [ beth ] we 're here in the maya galleries at the metropolitan museum of art , looking at a lintel of carved stone that would have been the horizontal piece over a doorway . - [ james ] the sculptor who carved this , actually carved the underside of the lintel , to be seen as you enter the temple or...
( elegant music ) - [ beth ] we 're here in the maya galleries at the metropolitan museum of art , looking at a lintel of carved stone that would have been the horizontal piece over a doorway . - [ james ] the sculptor who carved this , actually carved the underside of the lintel , to be seen as you enter the temple or...
what is the name of the temple this lintel was found ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
sob is a very commonly used way to describe the symptom of ca n't catch your breath , panting , shortness of breath . now depending on how severe their attack is in the moment , a lot of people have rescue inhalers . when they 're panicking and ca n't breathe , this rescue inhaler can deliver some emergency drugs to op...
can people die of asthma if they do n't have access to rescue inhalers ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
but when you breathe out , passively , the restriction really causes a problem . so remember : asthma , wheezing , small airway disease . now this next part ...
can you get rid of asthma ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
but when you breathe out , passively , the restriction really causes a problem . so remember : asthma , wheezing , small airway disease . now this next part ...
and how do you know if you have asthma ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
now this next part ... i do n't have asthma , so i always feel like i 'm not such a good judge on what it really feels like to have asthma . but we can imagine that if this person has trouble breathing out , breathing out is just as important as breathing in , if you ca n't do either it 's a very scary process .
can you get asthma after you are born like when you are ten or eight ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
sob is a very commonly used way to describe the symptom of ca n't catch your breath , panting , shortness of breath . now depending on how severe their attack is in the moment , a lot of people have rescue inhalers . when they 're panicking and ca n't breathe , this rescue inhaler can deliver some emergency drugs to op...
what kind of drugs do inhalers give ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
but when you breathe out , passively , the restriction really causes a problem . so remember : asthma , wheezing , small airway disease . now this next part ...
what is the most common age to devolve asthma ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
and this person coming in will be complaining of shortness of breath , so shortness-of-breath . sob is a very commonly used way to describe the symptom of ca n't catch your breath , panting , shortness of breath . now depending on how severe their attack is in the moment , a lot of people have rescue inhalers .
is athsma cronical or is it just as you are a kid , and is athsma only where it is separate from a sickness or can it be a symptom ?
when i first started thinking about this video , i realized that asthma is going to be hard to talk about because so many people have it , everybody knows at least a little bit about it , so it might be hard to get really to the bottom of what really is asthma . so , to do this , let 's go all the way back from the be...
now this next part ... i do n't have asthma , so i always feel like i 'm not such a good judge on what it really feels like to have asthma . but we can imagine that if this person has trouble breathing out , breathing out is just as important as breathing in , if you ca n't do either it 's a very scary process .
what is it like to have asthma ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
now , the example that i just gave you was an example of complete dominance . so if a person had a genotype ao , since our phenotype is just blood type a , it means that the a allele is completely dominant over the o allele and only the a allele from the genotype is expressed in the phenotype . but there are actually t...
what if there is a black person ( african american ) is half white ( caucasian ) what happens then ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
now what co-dominance is , is when the heterozygous phenotype shows a flower with some red petals and some blue petals . so it 's when the two alleles are dominant together they are co-dominant and traits of both alleles show up in the phenotype . now what incomplete dominance is , is when the heterozygous phenotype sh...
will recessive alleles be reflective in the phenotype ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
let 's say we have this flower and the red petal phenotype is coded for by the red r allele and the blue flower phenotype is coded for by the blue r allele . so i 'm going to introduce three different patterns of dominance and they are complete dominance , which you 've already heard of , co-dominance , and also incomp...
why does co-dominance and incomplete dominance happen ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
let 's say we have this flower and the red petal phenotype is coded for by the red r allele and the blue flower phenotype is coded for by the blue r allele . so i 'm going to introduce three different patterns of dominance and they are complete dominance , which you 've already heard of , co-dominance , and also incomp...
are n't codominance and incomplete dominance not considered a part of mendelian genetics ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
is n't a dominant trait represented by a capital letter ( b ) and a recessive trait represented by a lower case letter ( b ) ?
so today we 're gon na talk about co-dominance and incomplete dominance , but first let 's review the example of a blood type and how someone with the same two alleles coding for the same trait would be called homozygous and someone with different alleles would be called heterozygous . also remember , the concept of d...
let 's say we have this flower and the red petal phenotype is coded for by the red r allele and the blue flower phenotype is coded for by the blue r allele . so i 'm going to introduce three different patterns of dominance and they are complete dominance , which you 've already heard of , co-dominance , and also incomp...
are co dominance and incomplete dominance seen in blood type ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
but for the most part , as these cortical granules dissolve away all the sperm binding glycoproteins of the zona pellucida , other sperm just ca n't get in and they bounce off as they arrive . so now we have a sperm that 's made its way all the way to the plasma membrane of our egg cell . it 's started to bind to the p...
how do sperm make their way through the corona radiata ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
the cortical granules have been released , and they 're preventing other sperm from getting in . and we start to actually fuse our plasma membranes of our sperm cell and our egg cell . and that allows for this entire structure to come in .
what incites the fusion of sperm and egg membranes ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
sperm binds to the zona pellucida , the glycoproteins , you have an acrosomal reaction , and then a cortical reaction prevents more than one sperm getting in . and then material , the genetic material of the sperm is transferred . now you 'll notice here that i drew the genetic material from the nucleus coming in .
does the sperm 's genetic material really just float into the egg all random-y , or does it have a nuclear envelope ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
it 's got a tail that propulses it , it 's got mitochondria that feed it energy , it 's got a head with a payload of nuclear material and an acrosome warhead on the tip . the egg cell is a giant cell by comparison . it 's got a specialized layer of glycoproteins on the outside that have a bunch of specialized features ...
why would n't the egg cell always be visible if it is .1 mm in size and .1 mm is easy to see ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
and glycoproteins are basically a protein , i 'll draw a protein here in green , with a whole bunch of branching sugar chains that are coming off of them . and so what this looks like is basically a little tree or a long branching thing that 's growing out of the edge of the egg cell . and there 's a whole bunch of the...
how long do sperms live ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
and we 'll put a quick label on this as well . this is the zona pellucida that we talked about earlier . so we 'll draw the sperm here coming in to meet the egg .
if the zona pellucida is the glycoproteins then what is considered the corona radiata ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male .
what happens if two sperm bind at the same time ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
the two touch and they come together . and as they start together , it causes another reaction , and that third reaction is called cortical reaction . and what i have n't drawn here is another structure in the egg , and those structures are right underneath the plasma membrane , and they just sit there waiting .
what are the functions of esterase , hyaluronidase and acrosin in arosome reaction ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
here you can see i 'm kind of eating away here at those glycoprotein , and that allows the sperm head to dive in deeper towards our plasma membrane . now as the sperm gets closer to the plasma membrane of the egg , and it comes in contact right here , it starts up a process of binding . the two touch and they come toge...
does the egg protects itself from plyspemy , by releasing ca , by doing so changing the depolarization of its outer membrane and therefore , inhibiting the binding process ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
occasionally , that does happen , and it can result in a zygote that fails . but for the most part , as these cortical granules dissolve away all the sperm binding glycoproteins of the zona pellucida , other sperm just ca n't get in and they bounce off as they arrive . so now we have a sperm that 's made its way all th...
or the rule of the ca is that eating up the glycoproteins ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
and the zona pellucida actually binds to the outside of the sperm , and that 's called sperm binding . and it 's step number one . now what happens when the sperm gets bound to the zona pellucida is that that sets up a reaction called the acrosomal reaction .
how many sperms at one ejaculation from the male are released ?
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells . this is the sperm cell . it 's the sex cell of the male . the sole purpose of the sperm , the entire reason for its existence , is to transfer the ...
organisms that reproduce sexually have got to get their genes together somehow . to do this , they package their genetic material into specialized cells called sex cells .
where is the corona radiata located ?
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century . this happens to be the guild of surgeo...
and like the later night watch , rembrandt focuses our attention in very specific places . look , for example , at the way which the entire lower left corner is virtually invisible . we can just make out the elbows , the drapes of the figures .
what is the book in the bottom right corner ?
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century . this happens to be the guild of surgeo...
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century .
what are the paintings on either side of `` the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp '' ?
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century . this happens to be the guild of surgeo...
i 'm interested in the fact that when we see dead bodies painted in the history of western art , it is generally a representation of christ . there are even examples where christ is represented in this kind of foreshortened pose . you might think , for instance , of dead christ by mantegna .
what does `` foreshortened '' mean ?
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century . this happens to be the guild of surgeo...
( piano music ) we 're in the mauritshuis museum in the hague , and we 're looking at one of rembrandt 's most famous paintings . this is the anatomy lesson of dr. tulp . this is a typical group portrait , an important type of painting in the dutch republic in the 17th century .
do these people in the painting with dr.tulp also doctors ?