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bouldering is a form of free climbing that is performed on small rock formations or artificial rock walls without the use of ropes or harnesses. while bouldering can be done without any equipment, most climbers use climbing shoes to help secure footholds, chalk to keep their hands dry and to provide a firmer grip, and ... |
the boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor. the boiling point of a liquid varies depending upon the surrounding environmental pressure. a liquid in a partial vacuum, i.e., under a lower pressu... |
the big bang event is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. various cosmological models of the big bang explain the evolution of the observable universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale form. these models offer... |
bock (or bok () is a strong beer in germany, usually a dark lager. several substyles exist, including: doppelbock (double bock), a stronger and maltier version eisbock (ice bock), a much stronger version made by partially freezing the beer and removing the ice that forms maibock (may bock), a paler, more hopped version... |
the bantu languages (english: , proto-bantu: *bantʊ̀) are a language family of about 600 languages that are spoken by the bantu peoples of central, southern, eastern and southeast africa. they form the largest branch of the southern bantoid languages. the total number of bantu languages is estimated at between 440 and ... |
bearing(s) may refer to: bearing (angle), a term for direction bearing (mechanical), a component that separates moving parts and takes a load bridge bearing, a component separating a bridge pier and deck bearing bts station in bangkok bearings (album), by ronnie montrose in 2000 see also posture (disambiguation) bering... |
the boeing cim-10 bomarc ("boeing michigan aeronautical research center") (im-99 weapon system prior to september 1962) was a supersonic ramjet powered long-range surface-to-air missile (sam) used during the cold war for the air defense of north america. in addition to being the first operational long-range sam and the... |
the branco river (; engl: white river) is the principal affluent of the rio negro from the north. basin the river drains the guayanan highlands moist forests ecoregion. it is enriched by many streams from the tepui highlands which separate venezuela and guyana from brazil. its two upper main tributaries are the urarico... |
a bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. it is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for charter purposes, or through private ownership. although the average bus carries ... |
bali (; ) is a province of indonesia and the westernmost of the lesser sunda islands. east of java and west of lombok, the province includes the island of bali and a few smaller offshore islands, notably nusa penida, nusa lembongan, and nusa ceningan to the southeast. the provincial capital, denpasar, is the most popul... |
bulgarian (, ; , ) is an eastern south slavic language spoken in southeast europe, primarily in bulgaria. it is the language of the bulgarians. along with the closely related macedonian language (collectively forming the east south slavic languages), it is a member of the balkan sprachbund and south slavic dialect cont... |
a (symmetric) -gonal bipyramid or dipyramid is a polyhedron formed by joining an -gonal pyramid and its mirror image base-to-base. an -gonal bipyramid has triangle faces, edges, and vertices. the "-gonal" in the name of a bipyramid does not refer to a face but to the internal polygon base, lying in the mirror plane tha... |
brown university is a private ivy league research university in providence, rhode island. it is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the united states, founded in 1764 as the college in the english colony of rhode island and providence plantations. one of nine colonial colleges chartered before the ame... |
william "bill" d. atkinson (born march 17, 1951) is an american computer engineer and photographer. atkinson worked at apple computer from 1978 to 1990. atkinson was the principal designer and developer of the graphical user interface (gui) of the apple lisa and, later, one of the first thirty members of the original a... |
the battle of lostwithiel took place over a 13-day period from 21 august to 2 september 1644, around the town of lostwithiel and along the river fowey valley in cornwall during the first english civil war. a royalist army led by charles i of england defeated a parliamentarian force commanded by the earl of essex. altho... |
beeb or beeb may refer to: bbc, the british broadcasting corporation, sometimes called the beeb or auntie beeb beeb, a bbc children's magazine published in 1985 bbc micro, a home computer built for the bbc by acorn computers ltd., nicknamed the beeb beeb.com or bbc online beeb birtles (born 1948), dutch-australian musi... |
bertrand arthur william russell, 3rd earl russell, (18 may 1872 – 2 february 1970) was a british mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. he had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science, and various areas ... |
the boeing 767 is an american wide-body aircraft developed and manufactured by boeing commercial airplanes. the aircraft was launched as the 7x7 program on july 14, 1978, the prototype first flew on september 26, 1981, and it was certified on july 30, 1982. the initial 767-200 variant entered service on september 8, 19... |
william ernest walsh (november 30, 1931 – july 30, 2007) was an american professional and college football coach. he served as head coach of the san francisco 49ers and the stanford cardinal, during which time he popularized the west coast offense. after retiring from the 49ers, walsh worked as a sports broadcaster for... |
a utility knife is any type of knife used for general manual work purposes. such knives were originally fixed-blade knives with durable cutting edges suitable for rough work such as cutting cordage, cutting/scraping hides, butchering animals, cleaning fish scales, reshaping timber, and other tasks. craft knives are sma... |
bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such as arsenic or silicon. these additions produce a range of alloys that may be ... |
the benelux union (; ; ) or benelux is a politico-economic union and formal international intergovernmental cooperation of three neighbouring states in western europe: belgium, the netherlands, and luxembourg. the name is a portmanteau formed from joining the first few letters of each country's name and was first used ... |
the boston herald is an american daily newspaper whose primary market is boston, massachusetts, and its surrounding area. it was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the united states. it has been awarded eight pulitzer prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for ph... |
george herman "babe" ruth (february 6, 1895 – august 16, 1948) was an american professional baseball player whose career in major league baseball (mlb) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935. nicknamed "the bambino" and "the sultan of swat", he began his mlb career as a star left-handed pitcher for the boston red s... |
barge often refers to a flat-bottomed inland waterway vessel which does not have its own means of mechanical propulsion. the first modern barges were pulled by tugs, but on inland waterways, most are pushed by pusher boats, or other vessels. the term barge has a rich history, and therefore there are many other types of... |
william frederick schelter (1947 – july 30, 2001) was a professor of mathematics at the university of texas at austin and a lisp developer and programmer. schelter is credited with the development of the gnu common lisp (gcl) implementation of common lisp and the gpl'd version of the computer algebra system macsyma cal... |
british english (bre, en-gb, or be) is the set of varieties of the english language native to great britain. more narrowly, it can refer specifically to the english language in england, or, more broadly, to the collective dialects of english throughout the british isles taken as a single umbrella variety, for instance ... |
a battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. a war usually consists of multiple battles. in general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. an engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and ... |
berinthia "berry" berenson-perkins ( berenson; april 14, 1948 – september 11, 2001) was an american actress, model and photographer. she was the widow of actor anthony perkins. she died in the september 11 attacks as a passenger on american airlines flight 11. early life berry berenson was born in murray hill, manhatta... |
botany, also called plant science (or plant sciences), plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. a botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. the term "botany" comes from the ancient greek word () meaning "pasture", "herbs" "grass", or ... |
bacillus thuringiensis (or bt) is a gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, the most commonly used biological pesticide worldwide. b. thuringiensis also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies, as well on leaf surfaces, aquatic environments, animal feces, insect-rich enviro... |
a bacteriophage (), also known informally as a phage (), is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea. the term was derived from "bacteria" and the greek φαγεῖν (), meaning "to devour". bacteriophages are composed of proteins that encapsulate a dna or rna genome, and may have structures that are e... |
a bactericide or bacteriocide, sometimes abbreviated bcidal, is a substance which kills bacteria. bactericides are disinfectants, antiseptics, or antibiotics. however, material surfaces can also have bactericidal properties based solely on their physical surface structure, as for example biomaterials like insect wings.... |
brion gysin (19 january 1916 – 13 july 1986) was a british-canadian painter, writer, sound poet, performance artist and inventor of experimental devices. he is best known for his use of the cut-up technique, alongside his close friend, the novelist william s. burroughs. with the engineer ian sommerville he also invente... |
bulgarian may refer to: something of, from, or related to the country of bulgaria bulgarians, a south slavic ethnic group bulgarian language, a slavic language bulgarian alphabet a citizen of bulgaria, see demographics of bulgaria bulgarian culture bulgarian cuisine, a representative of the cuisine of southeastern euro... |
bacillus calmette–guérin (bcg) vaccine is a vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis (tb). it is named after its inventors albert calmette and camille guérin. in countries where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as soon after birth as possible. in areas where tuberculosis i... |
bunsen may refer to: christian charles josias bunsen (1791–1860), prussian diplomat and scholar frances bunsen (1791–1876), or baroness bunsen, welsh painter and author, wife of christian charles josias bunsen robert bunsen (1811–1899), german chemist, after whom is named: bunsen burner bunsen cell bunsen crater on the... |
the common buzzard (buteo buteo) is a medium-to-large bird of prey which has a large range. it is a member of the genus buteo in the family accipitridae. the species lives in most of europe and extends its breeding range across much of the palearctic as far as northwestern china (tian shan), far western siberia and nor... |
bohrium is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol bh and atomic number 107. it is named after danish physicist niels bohr. as a synthetic element, it can be created in particle accelerators but is not found in nature. all known isotopes of bohrium are highly radioactive; the most stable known isotope is 270bh wit... |
barbara kay olson (née bracher; december 27, 1955september 11, 2001) was an american lawyer and conservative television commentator who worked for cnn, fox news channel, and several other outlets. she was a passenger on american airlines flight 77 en route to a taping of bill maher's television show politically incorre... |
barnard's star is a small red dwarf star in the constellation of ophiuchus. at a distance of from earth, it is the fourth-nearest-known individual star to the sun after the three components of the alpha centauri system, and the closest star in the northern celestial hemisphere. its stellar mass is about 16% of the sun'... |
a bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a greek or latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's latin name. the original list of bayer designations contained 1,564 stars. the brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the germa... |
boötes ( ) is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere. the name comes from , which comes from 'herdsman' or 'plowman' (literally, 'ox-driver'; from boûs 'cow'). one of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century ... |
bernardino ochino (1487–1564) was an italian, who was raised a roman catholic and later turned to protestantism and became a protestant reformer. biography bernardino ochino was born in siena, the son of the barber domenico ochino, and at the age of 7 or 8, in around 1504, was entrusted to the order of franciscan friar... |
the bay of quinte () is a long, narrow bay shaped like the letter "z" on the northern shore of lake ontario in the province of ontario, canada. it is just west of the head of the saint lawrence river that drains the great lakes into the gulf of saint lawrence. it is located about east of toronto and west of montreal. t... |
the bassoon is a musical instrument in the woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and bass ranges. it is composed of six pieces, and is usually made of wood. it is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility, and virtuosity. it is a non-transposing instrument and typically its music is written in t... |
bipedalism is a form of terrestrial locomotion where a tetrapod moves by means of its two rear (or lower) limbs or legs. an animal or machine that usually moves in a bipedal manner is known as a biped , meaning 'two feet' (from latin bis 'double' and pes 'foot'). types of bipedal movement include walking or running (a ... |
in general, bootstrapping usually refers to a self-starting process that is supposed to continue or grow without external input. etymology tall boots may have a tab, loop or handle at the top known as a bootstrap, allowing one to use fingers or a boot hook tool to help pull the boots on. the saying "to " was already in... |
the baltic languages are a branch of the indo-european language family spoken natively or as a second language by a population of about 6.5–7.0 million people mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the baltic sea in europe. together with the slavic languages, they form the balto-slavic branch of the indo-europ... |
bioinformatics () is an interdisciplinary field of science that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, especially when the data sets are large and complex. bioinformatics uses biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, computer programming, information engineering, mathematics and st... |
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