title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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A genetic model for cloacal exstrophy, the extreme cloacal malformation. | Cloacal exstrophy (CE) or vesicointestinal fissure is an uncommon but well known anomaly that represents the extreme cloacal malformation. It is most often seen as an isolated anomaly, or as part of the OEIS complex (omphalocele, exstrophy, imperforate anus, spinal defects). Limb anomalies are also seen with CE. Unlike... | 18,947,738 |
Neo-modified Koyanagi technique for the single-stage repair of proximal hypospadias. | To retrospectively analyze the results of a modification of the Koyanagi hypospadias repair developed to reduce complications. Twelve boys underwent a modified Koyanagi repair over the past 3 years. The technique included the preservation of a wide vascular pedicle for each parameatal flap. The distal urethral plate wa... | 18,947,743 |
Ossifying renal tumor of infancy. | A renal ossifying tumor of infancy is a rare event with few cases having been published, and the etiology has not yet been established. We report on two new cases of this unusual neoplasm. A 2-year-old boy presented with intermittent painless gross hematuria. After several diagnostic procedures, an open pyelolithotomy ... | 18,947,750 |
Tissue-preserving feminizing clitoroplasty: a preliminary report. | To describe a tissue-preserving feminizing clitoroplasty that potentially allows for future total reversal to male and report on its initial result. A potentially reversible operation for feminizing clitoroplasty that preserves all available tissue was performed in three patients: two girls with congenital adrenal hype... | 18,947,794 |
Predictive modelling of cervical disc implant wear. | This study presents a chain of simulations aimed at estimating the wear in a cervical disc implant and providing insight into the in vivo biomechanical performance of the implant. The simulation chain can start with determining a representative maximum range of motion (ROM) of a person's head. The ROM is used as motion... | 18,947,829 |
Formation of liquid menisci in flexible nanochannels. | In this paper we analyze the characteristic shape of the liquid meniscus at the fluid air interface in nanochannels of less than 80 nm height capped by a flexible membrane. Because of the induced negative pressure difference between the liquid pressure and the pressure outside, the 0.18 microm thin membrane on top of t... | 18,947,834 |
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer: a prospective randomized study. | The aim of this study was to compare, in a series of 159 women the feasibility, safety and morbidity of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (LPS) and abdominal hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy (LPT) for early-stage endometrial cancer and to assess disease-free survival and recurrence rate. 159 patients with clinical stage... | 18,947,861 |
The role of oxidation and enzymatic hydrolysis on the in vivo degradation of trimethylene carbonate based photocrosslinkable elastomers. | The in vivo degradation of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) containing elastomers was investigated, and the mechanism of degradation explored through in vitro degradation under enzymatic and oxidative conditions. The elastomers were prepared via UV initiated crosslinking of prepolymers of TMC and equimolar amounts of TMC a... | 18,947,866 |
John Auer and Auer rods; controversies revisited. | John Auer first described needle or rod-shaped intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in leukemia cells in 1906. Auer rods can be seen in myeloid neoplasms ranging from acute myeloid leukemias (AML) to myelodysplasia, but not in normal or non-neoplastic reactive states. This article briefly describes John Auer's experience ... | 18,947,869 |
Pesticide exposure resulting from treatment of lice infestation in school-aged children in Georgia. | The objective of this study was to assess pesticide exposures in children being treated for head lice with either lindane or permethrin (exposed group) and children who did not have a lice infestation and thus were not being treated with chemicals for head lice or scabies (unexposed group). In 2001, we enrolled 78 chil... | 18,947,873 |
The factor structure of lifetime depressive spectrum in patients with unipolar depression. | While previous attempts to elucidate the factor structure of depression tended to agree on a central focus on depressed mood, other factors were not replicated across studies. By examining data from a large number of items covering the range of depressive symptoms, the aim of the present study is to contribute to the i... | 18,947,882 |
Myxoid calcified hamartoma and natal teeth: a case report. | We report the case of a 4-month-old Caucasian male baby who presented an uncommon mass in the anterior mandibular ridge. The patient was born with two natal mandibular incisors, which exfoliated some weeks after birth, followed by a growth of nodular lesion in the same region. Based on the clinical and histopathologica... | 18,947,888 |
Life history determines genetic structure and evolutionary potential of host-parasite interactions. | Measures of population genetic structure and diversity of disease-causing organisms are commonly used to draw inferences regarding their evolutionary history and potential to generate new variation in traits that determine interactions with their hosts. Parasite species exhibit a range of population structures and life... | 18,947,899 |
Patterns of burn injury in the preambulatory infant. | This study was undertaken after an increasing trend in young babies presenting with severe burns was observed in Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH) in Perth, Western Australia. The aim was to explore the patterns of these injuries with a view to identifying whether they could be prevented with better parent education. In... | 18,947,932 |
[Effects of omega 3 supplementation in pregnant women]. | Maternal nutrition is a major environmental factor, which can be modified and can affect fetal growth and development with potential long-term consequences. There is currently a strong mediatic pressure for supplementing diets with omega 3 fatty acids. Nevertheless, if beneficial effects seem to be confirmed in adults ... | 18,947,942 |
LC-MS/MS method for determination of hederacolchiside E, a neuroactive saponin from Pulsatilla koreana extract in rat plasma for pharmacokinetic study. | A simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was applied to pharmacokinetic study of a neuroactive oleanolic-glycoside saponin, hederacolchiside E from SK-PC-B70M, a standardized extract of Pulsatilla koreana in rat. Rat plasma samples were pretreated by protein precip... | 18,947,958 |
Acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary embolism from infective endocarditis. | Identifying an acute myocardial infarction caused by a non-atherosclerotic process can have consequences on the short- and long-term management of the disease. In the first case reported, a 39-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, diabetes, end-stage renal disease, deep vein thrombosis, and a recent hospitaliz... | 18,947,962 |
Hepatic artery aneurysm erosion into the stomach: an unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. | Hepatic artery aneurysms are the second most common visceral aneurysms. The natural history of hepatic artery aneurysms typically results in enlargement, rupture, and life-threatening hemorrhage. Atherosclerosis, traditionally, has been the most common cause of hepatic artery aneurysm. A case of a hepatic artery aneury... | 18,947,965 |
In support of Bleuler: objective evidence for increased affective ambivalence in schizophrenia based upon evocative testing. | Ambivalence and anhedonia have long been identified as schizophrenic symptoms. However, ambivalence has rarely been studied, and in most evocative studies, schizophrenia participants are not anhedonic. Affective neurosciences posit two evaluative systems (one for Positivity and one for Negativity), the coactivation of ... | 18,947,981 |
fMRI adaptation reveals mirror neurons in human inferior parietal cortex. | Mirror neurons, as originally described in the macaque, have two defining properties [1, 2]: They respond specifically to a particular action (e.g., bringing an object to the mouth), and they produce their action-specific responses independent of whether the monkey executes the action or passively observes a conspecifi... | 18,948,009 |
Preliminary experience with electromagnetic navigation system in TKA. | Accuracy of implant positioning and precise reconstruction of leg alignment offers the best way to achieve good long-term results in total knee arthroplasty. Computer instrumentation was developed to improve the final position of the component and restore the mechanical axis. Current navigation systems use either optic... | 18,948,010 |
NK cell receptors and their MHC class I ligands in host response to cytomegalovirus: insights from the mouse genome. | The complex interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and cytomegalovirus is a paradigm of the co-evolution between genomes of large DNA viruses and their host immune systems. Both human and mouse cytomegalovirus posses numerous mechanisms to avoid NK cell detection. Linkage studies, positional cloning and function... | 18,948,016 |
Beyond foodscapes: considering geographies of Indigenous well-being. | Direct associations between food and health have been pursued traditionally through nutrition and health policy studies; however, geography has much to offer in providing a disciplinary context that can support a critique of this literature and the recognition of the critical significance of broader associations betwee... | 18,948,052 |
Distal revascularisation/replantation using the reversed radial artery. | We describe a technique using the reversed radial artery for distal revascularisation or replantation in the hand. This technique has been used for revascularisation following crush avulsion injuries associated with a large zone of trauma and polydigit replantation. The technique involves dividing the radial artery and... | 18,948,071 |
Quantification of PCR products by phosphate measurement. | Various techniques for quantification of PCR are available. Most frequently, the densitometric intensities of ethidium bromide-stained PCR products separated in gels are compared after normalizing to the levels of housekeeping gene products such as beta-actin. More precise, but extremely time consuming, is the techniqu... | 18,948,073 |
Multiple kinases regulate mafA expression in the pancreatic beta cell line MIN6. | MafA is a basic leucine zipper transcription factor expressed within the beta cells of the pancreas and is required to maintain normal glucose homeostasis as it is involved in various aspects of beta cell biology. MafA protein levels are known to increase in response to high glucose through mechanisms that have yet to ... | 18,948,074 |
Ethambutol induces PKC-dependent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on human retinal pigment cells. | Ethambutol (EMB)-induced ocular side effects may involve the influence on functions of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), in addition to EMB-induced optic neuropathy. To address this issue, the molecular and cellular effects of EMB on RPE including growth regulation, morphological responses, phagocytic activity, and the... | 18,948,097 |
Energetics of kinesin-1 stepping mechanism. | Kinesin-1 is a dimeric motor protein that transports cellular cargo along microtubules by using the energy released from ATP hydrolysis and moving processively in 8-nm steps. Recent novel studies at the single molecular level have provided extensive knowledge on how kinesin-1 converts the free energy of ATP hydrolysis ... | 18,948,105 |
Methods of collection for salivary cortisol measurement in dogs. | Salivary cortisol has been increasingly used as a measure of stress response in studies of welfare, reaction to stress and human-animal interactions in dogs and other species. While it can be a very useful measure, there are a number of saliva collection issues made evident through studies in the human and animal field... | 18,948,108 |
The interaction of HMGB1 and linker histones occurs through their acidic and basic tails. | H1 and HMGB1 bind to linker DNA in chromatin, in the vicinity of the nucleosome dyad. They appear to have opposing effects on the nucleosome, H1 stabilising it by "sealing" two turns of DNA around the octamer, and HMGB1 destabilising it, probably by bending the adjacent DNA. Their presence in chromatin might be mutuall... | 18,948,112 |
Bradykinin stimulates glutamate uptake via both B1R and B2R activation in a human retinal pigment epithelial cells. | We were to examine the effect of bradykinin (BK) in the regulation of glutamate transporter and its related signaling molecules in a human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE) cells, which are important cells to support retina. d-[2,3-(3)H]-aspartate uptake, western immunoblotting, reverse transcription polymerase chain r... | 18,948,121 |
VEGF regulates FGF-2 and TGF-beta1 expression in injury endothelial cells and mediates smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is implicated in the development of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) as well as atherosclerosis. The purpose of our study was: 1) to evaluate the expression of endothelial cell (EC) fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and transforming growth... | 18,948,122 |
The influence of whey protein and glycomacropeptide on satiety in adult humans. | Protein is often considered the most satiating macronutrient. The objective was to determine the short-term effect of mixtures of whey protein and glycomacropeptide (GMP) versus a carbohydrate control on satiety in healthy adult humans. The study was a randomised crossover Latin Square design. On 4 separate days, fifty... | 18,948,128 |
Dioxin activation of CYP1A5 promoter/enhancer regions from two avian species, common cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) and chicken (Gallus gallus): association with aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 and 2 isoforms. | The present study focuses on the molecular mechanism and interspecies differences in susceptibility of avian aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) signaling pathway. By the cloning of 5'-flanking regions of CYP1A5 gene from common cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) and chicken (Gallus gallus), seven pu... | 18,948,129 |
Cane toad toxicity: an assessment of extracts from early developmental stages and adult tissues using MDCK cell culture. | Extracts of the cane toad (Bufo [Chaunus] marinus) adversely affected the growth of Mardin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells during culture. In a similar manner to ouabain treatment, application of toad extracts over a 24 h period resulted in high levels of cytotoxicity, as indicated by cell detachment, increased membra... | 18,948,131 |
From retinal circuitry to eye diseases--in memory of Henk Spekreijse. | This article summarizes our recent works on stratum-by-stratum structure-function rules for synaptic contacts between retinal bipolar cells and third-order retinal neurons in the inner plexiform layer. These rules were derived from large-scale voltage clamp recordings of various types of bipolar cells in the tiger sala... | 18,948,133 |
Characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies specific to West Nile virus envelope protein. | Recent epidemics of West Nile virus (WNV) around the world have been associated with significant rates of mortality and morbidity in humans. To develop standard WNV diagnostic tools that can differentiate WNV from Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to WNV envelope (E) protein ... | 18,948,139 |
The astrocyte odyssey. | Neurons have long held the spotlight as the central players of the nervous system, but we must remember that we have equal numbers of astrocytes and neurons in the brain. Are these cells only filling up the space and passively nurturing the neurons, or do they also contribute to information transfer and processing? Aft... | 18,948,166 |
Role of Ca2+, membrane excitability, and Ca2+ stores in failing muscle contraction with aging. | Excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in a population of skeletal muscle fibers of aged mice becomes dependent on the presence of external Ca(2+) ions (Payne, A.M., Zheng, Z., Gonzalez, E., Wang, Z.M., Messi, M.L., Delbono, O., 2004b. External Ca(2+)-dependent excitation - contraction coupling in a population of aging m... | 18,948,183 |
Quercetin prevents necrotic cell death induced by co-exposure to benzo(a)pyrene and UVA radiation. | The phototoxicity of low-energy ultraviolet radiation, such as UVA, can be enhanced by the presence of photosensitizing agents. Hence, co-exposure of cells to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a widespread environmental carcinogen and photosensitizing agent, and UVA may synergistically induce DNA damage. In this study, exposure of... | 18,948,185 |
Spinal cord injury induces upregulation of Beclin 1 and promotes autophagic cell death. | Autophagy is a degradation of the cytoplasm and it induces autophagic cell death in several neurodegenerative conditions. Beclin 1, a Bcl-2-interacting protein, is known to be a promoter of autophagy. We investigated the alterations in the Beclin 1 protein expression and the involvement of autophagy and autophagic cell... | 18,948,195 |
Immune response of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, after a concurrent infection with white spot syndrome virus and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus. | In the present study, we investigated immunological changes in viral-infected white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. White shrimp were infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or co-infected with WSSV and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) as detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). T... | 18,948,207 |
Secretion from acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas: role of enteropancreatic reflexes and cholecystokinin. | Although the molecular machinery and mechanism of cell secretion in acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas is well documented and clear, only recently has the pharmacophysiology of pancreatic exocrine secretion come to light. Therefore, we focus in this article on the current understanding of the pharmacophysiology of p... | 18,948,215 |
Effect of amino acids on cell proliferation and protein p53 expression in organotypic culture of lymphoid tissue from neonatal rats. | The effect of the larger molecular weight l-amino acids on the development of spleen explants from 1- and 21-day rats in organotypic tissue culture was studied. The amino acids asparagine, lysine, arginine, and glutamic acid inhibited the growth zone of explants of immature tissue from 1-day animals but had an opposite... | 18,948,218 |
ATF-1 transcription factor regulates the expression of ccg-1 and cat-1 genes in response to fludioxonil under OS-2 MAP kinase in Neurospora crassa. | The ATF/CREB family transcriptional factors are regulated by stress-activated MAP kinase in yeast. The disruptants of the atf-1 gene, which encodes an ATF/CREB family transcriptional factor, were isolated and characterized in Neurospora crassa. The characteristic phenotypes in the os-2 MAP kinase strain, such as osmoti... | 18,948,219 |
Accumulation of oxidatively induced clustered DNA lesions in human tumor tissues. | Increased levels of oxidatively induced DNA damage have been reported in various cases of human pathogenesis like age-related and chronic diseases. Advances in experimental carcinogenesis associate high oxidative stress with genome instability and oncogenic transformation. Cancer biomarkers are helpful for early tumor ... | 18,948,225 |
Diagnostic and treatment options for skin and soft tissue abscesses in injecting drug users with consideration of the natural history and concomitant risk factors. | Skin and soft tissue abscesses are common findings in injecting drug users (IDUs) who present to the surgical emergency department for evaluation and treatment. Although most cases can be managed by incision and drainage, they do require special considerations as compared to abscesses which are not caused by intravenou... | 18,948,233 |
Consequences of one-lung flooding: a histological and immunological investigation. | Videothoracoscopic lung sonography after partial fluid instillation could be a new method for endoscopic detection of lung lesions. Histopathological consequences of unilateral diagnostic or therapeutic lung flooding under bronchoalveolar lavage has yet to be defined. The aim of the study was to investigate histologica... | 18,948,235 |
Murine protein serine/threonine kinase 38 activates apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 via Thr 838 phosphorylation. | Murine protein serine/threonine kinase 38 (MPK38) is a member of the AMP-activated protein kinase-related serine/threonine kinase family that plays an important role in various cellular processes, including cell cycle, signaling pathways, and self-renewal of stem cells. Here we demonstrate a functional association betw... | 18,948,261 |
DNA sequence context as a determinant of the quantity and chemistry of guanine oxidation produced by hydroxyl radicals and one-electron oxidants. | DNA sequence context has emerged as a critical determinant of the location and quantity of nucleobase damage caused by many oxidizing agents. However, the complexity of nucleobase and 2-deoxyribose damage caused by strong oxidants such as ionizing radiation and the Fenton chemistry of Fe2+-EDTA/H2O2 poses a challenge t... | 18,948,263 |
Glycolytic oscillations in isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes. | Previous studies have shown that glycolysis can oscillate periodically, driven by feedback loops in regulation of key glycolytic enzymes by free ADP and other metabolites. Here we show both theoretically and experimentally in cardiac myocytes that when the capacity of oxidative phosphorylation and the creatine kinase s... | 18,948,270 |
Chk2 oligomerization studied by phosphopeptide ligation: implications for regulation and phosphodependent interactions. | Chk2/CHEK2/hCds1 is a modular serine-threonine kinase involved in transducing DNA damage signals. Phosphorylation by ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase (ATM) promotes Chk2 self-association, autophosphorylation, and activation. Here we use expressed protein ligation to generate a Chk2 N-terminal regulatory region enco... | 18,948,271 |
MAPU 2.0: high-accuracy proteomes mapped to genomes. | The MAPU 2.0 database contains proteomes of organelles, tissues and cell types measured by mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics. In contrast to other databases it is meant to contain a limited number of experiments and only those with very high-resolution and -accuracy data. MAPU 2.0 displays the proteomes of organe... | 18,948,283 |
What next for preimplantation genetic screening? More randomized controlled trials needed? | The recent debate on preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) has raised questions about its routine use in clinical practice. It has been suggested that the most effective way to resolve the debate about the usefulness of PGS is to perform more well-designed and well-executed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Howeve... | 18,948,310 |
The role of the bronchial provocation challenge tests in the diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in elite swimmers. | The International Olympic Committee-Medical Commission (IOC-MC) accepts a number of bronchial provocation tests for the diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in elite athletes, none of which have been studied in elite swimmers. With the suggestion of a different pathogenesis involved in the developmen... | 18,948,353 |
Relationships between motor impairments and activity limitations in patients with neuromuscular disorders. | The strength and nature of the relationships between motor impairments and activity limitations assessed by the ACTIVLIM questionnaire were investigated in 245 patients with neuromuscular disorders. Measures of motor impairments consisted of: (1) a grip strength test using a Jamar dynamometer, (2) a Manual Muscle Testi... | 18,948,363 |
Prediction of recurrent venous thromboembolism by endogenous thrombin potential and D-dimer. | Increased thrombin generation is associated with an increased risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism. We investigated the relation between endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism and evaluated whether prediction of recurrence can be improved by a combined analysis of ETP and D... | 18,948,369 |
Use of joint mobilization in a patient with severely restricted hip motion following bilateral hip resurfacing arthroplasty. | Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is an alternative for management of end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) in young patients with high activity demands and offers several advantages over total hip arthroplasty. Severely restricted hip motion is a rare complication of the surgery. The purpose of this case report is to describ... | 18,948,372 |
Human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2.1 catalyzes oxygenation of the antitubercular drugs thiacetazone and ethionamide. | The second-line antitubercular drugs thiacetazone (TAZ) and ethionamide (ETA) are bioactivated by the mycobacterial enzyme EtaA. We report here that human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2.1 (FMO2.1), which is expressed predominantly in the lung, catalyzes oxygenation of TAZ. The metabolites generated, the sulfenic aci... | 18,948,378 |
Real-time visualization of ultrasound-guided retrobulbar blockade: an imaging study. | Retrobulbar anaesthesia allows eye surgery in awake patients. Severe complications of the blind techniques are reported. Ultrasound-guided needle introduction and direct visualization of the spread of local anaesthetic may improve quality and safety of retrobulbar anaesthesia. Therefore, we developed a new ultrasound-g... | 18,948,389 |
Spread of invasive Spanish Staphylococcus aureus spa-type t067 associated with a high prevalence of the aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene ant(4')-Ia and the efflux pump genes msrA/msrB. | We carried out a nationwide study aimed at the determination of the molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of invasive Staphylococcus aureus in 21 Spanish hospitals. The distributions of molecular markers, including antibiotic resistance genes, were investigated in 203 S. aureus, comprising 90 meth... | 18,948,410 |
A once-weekly R207910-containing regimen exceeds activity of the standard daily regimen in murine tuberculosis. | R207910 (TMC207 or J) is a member of the diarylquinolines, a new family of antituberculous drugs with high bactericidal activity when given daily in the murine model of tuberculosis. R207910 exhibits a long half-life and thus is a good candidate for once-weekly therapy of tuberculosis. To study the activity of once-wee... | 18,948,422 |
Distribution and function of monoacylglycerol lipase in the gastrointestinal tract. | The endogenous cannabinoid system plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal function in health and disease. Endocannabinoid levels are regulated by catabolic enzymes. Here, we describe the presence and localization of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), the major enzyme responsible for the degradation of... | 18,948,437 |
Evaluation of two methods for continuous cardiac output assessment during exercise in chronic heart failure patients. | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of two techniques for the continuous assessment of cardiac output in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF): a radial artery pulse contour analysis method that uses an indicator dilution method for calibration (LiDCO) and an impedance cardiography technique (Phy... | 18,948,448 |
Quantifying carbon dioxide and methane emissions and carbon dynamics from flooded boreal forest soil. | The boreal forest is subject to natural and anthropogenic disturbances, but the production of greenhouse gases as a result of flooding for hydroelectric power generation has received little attention. It was hypothesized that flooded soil would result in greater CO(2) and CH(4) emissions and carbon (C) fractionation co... | 18,948,456 |
Is colloid-facilitated phosphorus leaching triggered by phosphorus accumulation in sandy soils? | The leaching of colloidal phosphorus (P(coll)) contributes to P losses from agricultural soils. In an irrigation experiment with undisturbed soil columns, we investigated whether the accumulation of P in soils due to excess P additions enhances the leaching of colloids and P(coll) from sandy soils. Furthermore, we hypo... | 18,948,463 |
Persistence of culturable Escherichia coli fecal contaminants in dairy alpine grassland soils. | Our knowledge of Escherichia coli (E. coli) ecology in the field is very limited in the case of dairy alpine grassland soils. Here, our objective was to monitor field survival of E. coli in cow pats and underlying soils in four different alpine pasture units, and to determine whether the soil could constitute an enviro... | 18,948,484 |
Evaluating slurry broadcasting and injection to ley for phosphorus losses and fecal microorganisms in surface runoff. | The recent growth in the size of dairy cattle farms and the concentration of farms into smaller areas in Finland may increase local water pollution due to increased manure production and slurry application to grass. Therefore, a field study was conducted to monitor losses of total phosphorus (TP), dissolved reactive ph... | 18,948,488 |
Regulation of microtubule dynamics by reaction cascades around chromosomes. | During spindle assembly, chromosomes generate gradients of microtubule stabilization through a reaction-diffusion process, but how this is achieved is not well understood. We measured the spatial distribution of microtubule aster asymmetry around chromosomes by incubating centrosomes and micropatterned chromatin patche... | 18,948,504 |
The Gonzo Scientist. Flunking Spore. | The blockbuster video game Spore is being marketed as a science-based adventure that brings evolution, cell biology, and even astrophysics to the masses. But after grading the game's science with a team of researchers, the Gonzo Scientist has some bad news. | 18,948,523 |
Functional traits and niche-based tree community assembly in an Amazonian forest. | It is debated whether species-level differences in ecological strategy, which play a key role in much of coexistence theory, are important in structuring highly diverse communities. We examined the co-occurrence patterns of over 1100 tree species in a 25-hectare Amazonian forest plot in relation to field-measured funct... | 18,948,539 |
H2S as a physiologic vasorelaxant: hypertension in mice with deletion of cystathionine gamma-lyase. | Studies of nitric oxide over the past two decades have highlighted the fundamental importance of gaseous signaling molecules in biology and medicine. The physiological role of other gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now receiving increasing attention. Here we show that H2S is physiologically g... | 18,948,540 |
Age-dependent, polyclonal hyperactivation of T cells is reduced in TNF-negative gld/gld mice. | The generalized lymphoproliferative disorder (gld) mouse strain is characterized by severe splenomegaly/lymphadenopathy, the production of autoimmune antibodies, and the appearance of CD4/CD8-negative T cells. An additional TNF deficiency of gld/gld mice attenuates the course of the disorder through a yet-unknown mecha... | 18,948,547 |
Molecular and functional interactions among monocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells and their relevance for cardiovascular diseases. | Platelets, monocytes, and endothelial cells are instrumental in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation, a key process underlying cardiovascular disorders, is accompanied and amplified by activation of platelets and consequent binding of such platelets to the endothelium. There, platele... | 18,948,548 |
L-carnitine supplementation and physical exercise restore age-associated decline in some mitochondrial functions in the rat. | In mammals, during the aging process, an atrophy of the muscle fibers, an increase in body fat mass, and a decrease in skeletal muscle oxidative capacities occur. Compounds and activities that interact with lipid oxidative metabolism may be useful in limiting damages that occur in aging muscle. In this study, we evalua... | 18,948,552 |
Cumulative deficits and physiological indices as predictors of mortality and long life. | We evaluated the predictive potential for long-term (24-year) survival and longevity (85+ years) of an index of cumulative deficits (DI) and six physiological indices (pulse pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, serum cholesterol, blood glucose, and hematocrit) measured in mid- to late life (44-88 years) for ... | 18,948,555 |
Loss of ephrin-A5 function disrupts lens fiber cell packing and leads to cataract. | Cell-cell interactions organize lens fiber cells into highly ordered structures to maintain transparency. However, signals regulating such interactions have not been well characterized. We report here that ephrin-A5, a ligand of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, plays a key role in lens fiber cell shape and cell-cell ... | 18,948,590 |
Roles of RIG-I N-terminal tandem CARD and splice variant in TRIM25-mediated antiviral signal transduction. | The caspase recruitment domain (CARD) of intracellular adaptors and sensors plays a critical role in the assembly of signaling complexes involved in innate host defense against pathogens and in the regulation of inflammatory responses. The cytosolic receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) recognizes viral RNA i... | 18,948,594 |
Cause and effect in childhood obesity: solutions for a national epidemic. | Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. As a result, children are at increased risk for myriad preventable acute and chronic medical problems--many of which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In addition, childhood obesity has serious psychosocial consequences, such ... | 18,948,638 |
Mutation analysis of RAP1 gene in papillary thyroid carcinomas. | In human papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), the genetic alterations of RET/PTC, RAS or BRAF account for about 60-70% of cases with practically no overlap, providing strong genetic evidence that constitutive active signaling along MAPK pathway is critical for PTC development. In the remaining 30-40% of the cases, the ... | 18,948,674 |
Chiasmal and/or optic nerve apoplexy due to rupture of vascular malformation--case report--. | An 8-year-old boy presented with a rare case of optic nerve apoplexy caused by an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) manifesting as severe headache and blurred vision. Computed tomography (CT) showed a hyperdense suprasellar mass. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging indicated a hematoma in the right optic nerve. MR angiograp... | 18,948,681 |
Lipomatous meningioma with concomitant acute subdural hematoma--case report--. | A 55-year-old man presented with a rare lipomatous meningioma associated with acute subdural hematoma manifesting as sudden onset of severe headache, but no neurological deficit. No evidence of trauma or underlying predisposition to hemorrhage was seen. Fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery magnetic resonance imaging sho... | 18,948,682 |
Spontaneous epidural pneumocephalus. | A 20-year-old male presented with an extremely rare spontaneous epidural pneumocephalus which was successfully treated by a single neurosurgical intervention. The patient had a habit of nose blowing and a 1-year history of progressive headache and nausea. Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed a 2 x 7 cm right tempo... | 18,948,684 |
Correlation of gut hormones with irritable bowel syndrome. | Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder which is characterized by abdominal pain and disturbed bowel habits. The pathophysiological mechanism is complex and still remains incompletely clear. Alterations at both the central and the peripheral level are thought to contribute to the symptoms of IBS, ... | 18,948,690 |
Physiological roles for G protein-regulated adenylyl cyclase isoforms: insights from knockout and overexpression studies. | Cyclic AMP is a universal second messenger, produced by a family of adenylyl cyclase (AC) enzymes. The last three decades have brought a wealth of new information about the regulation of cyclic AMP production by ACs. Nine hormone-sensitive, membrane-bound AC isoforms have been identified in addition to a tenth isoform ... | 18,948,702 |
Maternal origin of the human aneuploidies. Are homolog synapsis and recombination to blame? Notes (learned) from the underbelly. | Aneuploidy is the leading cause of mental deficiency in human newborns. Indirect studies suggest that, in most of the cases, the extra chromosome comes from an inaccurate meiotic division. But, particularly, all results seem to indicate that oogenesis is more prone to err than is spermatogenesis. Unfortunately, due to ... | 18,948,712 |
Radiosurgery for cavernous malformations in basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem. | Long-term results of radiosurgery for cavernous malformations in basal ganglia and the brainstem are presented. Eighty-four cases, 50 males and 34 females, ranging in age from 10 to 68 years (mean: 38.2 years) are described. The lesions were located in the brainstem (63), thalamus (14) or basal ganglia (7). The mean le... | 18,948,717 |
Treatment of functional disorders with gamma knife thalamotomy. | Gamma knife (GK) thalamotomy for functional disorders, primarily Parkinson disease and central pain, are described herein. The goal was to extend our present indications for selective thalamotomy. Our target for tremor surgery is about 45% of the thalamic length. Thus, this principle was applied to deciding the GK thal... | 18,948,728 |
Insulin and aging. | In invertebrates, signaling pathways homologous to mammalian insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) signal transduction have a major role in the control of longevity. There are numerous indications that these pathways also influence aging in mammals, but separating the role of insulin from the effects of IGF-1 ... | 18,948,730 |
Gene regulation by SINES and inosines: biological consequences of A-to-I editing of Alu element inverted repeats. | The Alu elements are conserved approximately 300 nucleotide long repeat sequences that belong to the SINE family of retrotransposons found abundantly in primate genomes. Although the vast majority of Alu elements appear to be genetically inert, it has been tempting to consider the great majority of them as "junk DNA." ... | 18,948,735 |
In vitro adipose tissue engineering using an electrospun nanofibrous scaffold. | Electrospun 3-dimensional nanofibrous scaffolds share morphologic similarities to collagen fibrils, and promote favorable biologic responses of seeded cells. In this study, we have fabricated a 3-dimensional nanofibrous scaffold made of poly L-lactic acid, and examined its ability to support and maintain the adipogenic... | 18,948,788 |
An introduction to the chimeric deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP)-rectus abdominis muscle flap. | A muscle perforator flap is a unique form of fasciocutaneous flap whose circulation is derived from musculocutaneous perforators, but without including any muscle. This anatomic relationship intuitively should readily allow the formation of branch-based chimeric or polyflaps consisting of a cutaneous perforator flap an... | 18,948,790 |
Wernicke encephalopathy after bariatric surgery: a systematic review. | To review the clinical essentials of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) after bariatric surgery. An estimated 205,000 bariatric surgical procedures were performed in the United States in 2007. Such procedures may potentially lead to severe nutritional complications. Literature searches were performed in Medline, Embase, and ... | 18,948,797 |
Eosinophilia associated with chronic pancreatitis. | Eosinophilia (>0.5 x 10/L eosinophils [EOSs] in the peripheral blood) has been overlooked in the study of chronic pancreatitis (CP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and causes of eosinophilia by analyzing the features of CP cases with eosinophilia. We retrospectively analyzed t... | 18,948,836 |
The protective effect of sesamol against mitochondrial oxidative stress and hepatic injury in acetaminophen-overdosed rats. | An acetaminophen (APAP) overdose induces oxidative stress and acute hepatic injury or even death. We investigated the prophylactic effect of sesamol (SM) on mitochondrial oxidative stress, hydroxyl-radical-generated lipid peroxidation, and hepatic injury in APAP-overdosed rats. Six male Wistar rats (APAP group) were gi... | 18,948,843 |
Paediatric stoma care nursing in the UK and Ireland. | Improving quality of care and developing and maintaining high standards of care are issues that are high on the NHS, nursing, and paediatric care agendas. Stoma formation will have an impact on the wellbeing and lifestyle of the person and their family, whatever the person's age. The specialty of stoma care nursing in ... | 18,948,856 |
Effective surgical treatment of the carotid sinus sindrome. | Elderly patients frequently suffer from dizziness and syncope; however, an underlying disease may not always be identified. Three patients aged 69, 71 and 56, respectively, experienced spells of dizziness and syncope. Massage of the carotid sinus demonstrated the presence of a carotid sinus syndrome (CSS), an abnormal ... | 18,948,872 |
Recombinant activated factor VII for treatment of refractory hemorrhage after surgery for acute aortic dissection. | Despite appropriate treatment, surgery for aortic dissection is frequently associated with bleeding problems. In these series we report on the employment of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) for refractory hemorrhage after emergency surgery for acute type A aortic dissection, used to face the problems of postop... | 18,948,874 |
Detection of protozoan and bacterial pathogens of public health importance in faeces of Corvus spp. (large-billed crow). | Parasites and bacteria are reported in the faeces of birds in the current study. Fresh faecal samples of the large-billed crow (Corvus spp.) were collected from the study site at Bangsar, an urban setting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These samples were transported to laboratory and analysed for parasites and bacteria. Pr... | 18,948,884 |
A study of parasitic infections in the luminal contents and tissue sections of appendix specimens. | Appendicitis has a worldwide prevalence and affects all age groups. The aetiology of acute appendicitis is still much debated, many factors have been implicated. The pathology is likely to be due to obstruction of the lumen of the appendix. Parasites, both helminths and protozoa have been suggested to be the cause of a... | 18,948,889 |
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