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0
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patients with cancer who undergo complex treatments may experience psychological distress , but it is often unrecognized , and if left untreated may contribute to poor health outcomes among patients and their caregivers . evidence - based distress management guidelines , developed by the national comprehensive cancer n...
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( the woodlands , tx ) as previously described ( 6 ) . sglt2 and db / db backcrosses were performed at the jackson laboratory ( bar harbor , me ) and shipped to yale for studies . mice were housed at yale university school of medicine and maintained in accordance with the institutional animal care and use committee gui...
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conformational changes in a molecule are implicated in many biological processes . for example , during transcription rna polymerase recognizes and binds to a promotor region on double - stranded dna ( dsdna ) and then unwinds it , dissociating 17 bp in the process ( 1 ) . this transition from dsdna to single - strande...
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da : i have a relatively broad area of scientific interest encompassing cancer genetics , mouse genetics and genome sequencing . with my cancer hat on , the paper that impressed me most was by sodir et al . , which showed that inhibition of myc can cause cancer regression even in advanced tumors . this work illustrates...
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female mice ( c57bl / 6j strain ) 6 to 8 weeks old were obtained from jackson laboratory ( bar harbor , me , usa ) . female tlr4ko mice used in the study came from a colony established in our vivarium that was started with ( c.c3-tlr4 / j strain ) mice purchased from jackson laboratory . animal studies were approved by...
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this article investigates the correlates of the timing of transition into motherhood among adolescent girls in two informal settlements or slums korogocho and viwandani in nairobi city , kenya . other markers include leaving school , entering the labour force , leaving one 's natal home and getting married . however , ...
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solution ph is one of the most important environmental variables that affects the structural and dynamic properties of biomolecules . various biological events such as protein folding / unfolding , ligand binding , and enzyme activity heavily depend on solution ph . solution ph affects protein denaturation , aggregatio...
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understanding transport properties of fluid molecules in microporous materials is of great importance due to intriguing features of fluidic phenomena at the nanoscale . many industrial and scientific applications such as gas storage and separation , petroleum refining , electrochemical energy storage , nanofluidics and...
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at indiana universitypurdue university indianapolis ( iupui ) , we have developed a concept called distributed drug discovery ( d ) . herein is reported the first example of a key component of d : the distributed rehearsal of reagents and their subsequent use in real and virtual catalog production . the premise of d is...
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every year more than 14 million cases of obstetric hemorrhage occur , resulting in an estimated 127,000 deaths.1 postpartum hemorrhage ( pph ) , blood loss of 500 ml or more , accounts for the majority of these hemorrhage deaths.2 pph is the leading cause of maternal death in low income countries and is the primary cau...
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the genus flavivirus currently includes 86 viruses , of which 73 are grouped into 53 species ( 1 ) . more than 40 of these flaviviruses are known to be pathogenic for humans and other vertebrates , in which they cause a variety of clinical diseases from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis and / or hemorrhagic f...
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generation of 3-mb - pp13-mb - pp1 was synthesized using a previously described route with slightly modified conditions ( 18 ) . p116 , a zap-70-deficient jurkat - derived t cell line , was obtained from r. abraham ( the burnham institute , la jolla , ca ) . 293 cells , a kidney epithelial cell line , were obtained fro...
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although considered the gold standard for evaluating treatment effectiveness , randomized clinical trials ( rcts ) have important limitations . because randomization removes potential bias from unknown and unmeasured confounders , observed differences in measured outcomes can be reasonably attributed to the treatment a...
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according to the estimation of world health organisation , there are about 240 million people who are chronically infected with hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) . the chronic hbv infection is one of the major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis . there is a large body of evidence for the essential role of c...
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historically , the taming of singularities in classical field models has driven a great deal of research . a particularly elegant example is the nonlinear extension of maxwell electrodynamics introduced by born and infeld to remove the divergence of both the coulomb field and the self - energy of point particles . in t...
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kohn sham density - functional theory ( ks dft ) is the method most widely used in electronic structure calculations , due to its modest computational cost combined with an accuracy that is often competitive with much more expensive ab initio methods . the accuracy of the method is limited by the quality of approximati...
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jack ( 35 ) , a college teacher and a father of two children aged 5 and 13 years , has been a jehovah s witness as long as he can remember . his youngest child has accompanied him to religious meetings , but the 13-year - old has never been a part of the jehovah s witness community . the family doctor came to see him ,...
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all pcos patients met all three criteria of the revised 2003 rotterdam european society of human reproduction and embryology ( eshre) / american society of reproductive medicine ( asrm ) pcos consensus workshop group diagnostic criteria . the three criteria are 1 ) oligo- and / or anovulation , 2 ) clinical and / or bi...
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eu2o3 doped zno films are deposited on cleaned quartz substrate at room temperature ( 300 k ) using radio frequency ( rf ) magnetron sputtering technique ( rf frequency : 13.56 mhz ) . pressed zno powder ( aldrich 99.99% ) with various europium oxide concentrations is used as the target for sputtering . the eu2o3 dopin...
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the embl ( european molecular biology laboratory ) nucleotide sequence database ( often referred to as the embl database ) is hosted at the european bioinformatics institute ( ebi ) . it is a comprehensive database of dna and rna sequences that are directly submitted from researchers and genome sequencing groups , and ...
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patients with congestive heart failure ( hf ) are at high risk of dying from its progression as well from sudden cardiac death related to ventricular tachyarrhythmia . over the last decade , cardiac resynchronization therapy ( crt ) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators ( icds ) have markedly improved the prognos...
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a growing body of empirical evidence suggests that the origins of obesity and metabolic dysfunction can be traced back to the intrauterine period of life , at which time the developing fetus is acted upon by and responds to suboptimal conditions during critical periods of cellular proliferation , differentiation , and ...
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the 1978 alma ata declaration codified the right to primary health care ( phc ) for all . nine years later , african ministers of health convened in bamako , mali , to emphasize the need to strengthen phc on the continent , with a particular focus on maternal and child health . decades later , however , phc remains a l...
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based on international surveys during the past forty years , the prevalence of overweight or obesity in children has accelerated in most global regions . latest available estimates from 34 member countries within the organization for economic cooperation and development indicate that among school age children , 21% of ...
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generalized anxiety disorder ( gad ) is a chronic disorder mainly characterized by pathological worry . gad also presents with a variety of somatic and psychological symptoms such as restlessness , muscle tension , sleep disturbance , irritability , difficulty concentrating , and fatigue . gad is one of the most preval...
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review articles in the scientific literature can be classified as a general review article , a systematic review ( sr ) , or meta - analysis ( ma ) . the purpose of a review article is to provide readers with a summary of published research in a particular field . reviews usually focus on areas of progress over the rec...
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the crystal structures of materials are traditionally investigated by the long - range phenomenon of bragg diffraction and described by unit cells that represent the average structure . atoms in the structure are described in terms of positions and thermal vibrations that are time averaged over all unit cells . the str...
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walker 's cay , is a minute tropical island in the northernmost part of the bahamas archipelago of a size barely sufficient for a runway , a lodge and a harbor . visitors make the majority of the population possibly giving walker 's cay the highest density of scientists per capita in the world on the days of march 1013...
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adult male wistar rats ( harlan , indianapolis , in ) were housed in individual cages under specific pathogen free conditions , maintained in a temperature - controlled room with a 12:12-h light / dark cycle and provided with ad libitum access to water and standard laboratory chow ( pmi nutrition international ) unless...
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rapid advances in the crystallographic determination of transmembrane ( tm ) protein structures , and especially of g - protein coupled receptors ( gpcrs ) , have established the lipidic cubic phase ( lcp ) as a suitable medium for growing high quality crystals of these proteins ( see ref ( 1,2 ) and citations therein ...
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this study was approved by the institutional review boards of the participating centers , according to the tenets of the declaration of helsinki . informed consent was obtained from all patients at the initial visit in pakistan at the el shifa trust eye hospital , where two of our clinical collaborators saw the babies ...
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endometriosis is an estrogen - dependent chronic inflammatory condition that affects women in their reproductive period , and is associated with pelvic pain and infertility . this gynecologic condition has a prevalence of 5% , and a peak between 25 and 35 years of age . a 0.1% annual incidence has been reported among w...
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conventional lentiviral vectors based on hiv-1 establish permanent genetic modification of target cells owing to the fact that their integrase - dependent mechanisms ensure semirandom chromosomal insertion of the transported foreign nucleic acids . in gene therapy settings , these mechanisms are a crucial feature for a...
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the theme of infanticide has received increasing attention from historians in recent years . reasons for this growing interest include curiosity into the daily lives of poor women , and also the sharp contrast between a strong ideology of motherhood and a crime that seems to completely contradict the image of maternity...
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the mental health care bill 2013 was introduced to the rajya sabha , india 's upper house of parliament , on 19 august 2013 . the legislation aimed to provide for mental health care and services for persons with mental illness and to protect , promote , and fulfill the rights of such persons during delivery of mental h...
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a couple s intentions to have a number of descendants can be thwarted in a number of ways . the most difficult of factors are those that are restrictive and outside of a couple s sphere of influence or resources . the need to have a child can be reflected in motives such as happiness , well - being ( family relationshi...
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an estimated 66% of maternal deaths and 50% of deaths in children under the age of 5 occurred in sub - saharan africa in 2015 [ 1 , 2 ] . although ghana 's health indicators largely surpass many african nations , the country has faced significant challenges in improving maternal and child survival . despite nearly halv...
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celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie obecnej taktyki postpowania zarwno diagnostycznego , jak i terapeutycznego u chorych z pseudotorbielami oraz torbielowatymi guzami trzustki . praca zostaa napisana na podstawie materiau zebranego i przygotowanego w klinice autora oraz wspczesnych doniesie z zaprezentowanego pi...
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coccidia are a diverse group of protozoan parasites within the phylum apicomplexa and include pathogenic species of significance to animal and human health . atoxoplasma ) , primarily parasitize a single host throughout their life cycle and include important avian pathogens ( mcdougald , 1998 , barta et al . , 2005 , b...
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specific fibril aggregation of more than 20 proteins has been linked to a pathogenesis of many amyloid - associated diseases such as alzheimer s disease , parkinson s disease , huntington s diseases , and prion diseases . moreover , a formation of amyloid - like fibrils takes place in other maladies associated with pro...
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nanotechnology has the potential to create new materials and devices with wide - ranging applications in medicine,13 agriculture,4 and energy or electronic production.5,6 the size - dependent optical , electrical , and magnetic properties of nanoparticles make nanotechnology a promising candidate for bioapplications su...
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concomitant chemo - radiotherapy , mainly with cisplatin is the standard combined modality approach for the treatment of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ( scchn ) region , because it prolongs survival and increases the chance of organ preservation compared to radiotherapy ( r...
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protection of human health and the environment is one of the major challenges facing developing as well as developed countries of the world [ 15 ] . the original aim of regulating waste disposal is to reduce the introduction of polluting substances into the atmosphere since protection of the environment is a major chal...
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musculoskeletal conditions , or disorders of the muscles and bones , are the most common causes of chronic disability in the world . in the us alone , disease of the musculoskeletal system was the primary diagnosis during 83,228,000 office visits in 2009 ( 8.0% of total visits ) . a stroke can also cause many of the sa...
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preconference workshop a : the nuts and bolts of antibody development : accelerating antibody drugs to the clinic . co - chairs : james larrick ( panorama research institute and velocity pharmaceutical development llc ) and mark alfenito ( engen bio , inc . ) the silver anniversary antibody engineering & therapeutics m...
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during the aging process , increasing disturbances in the functioning of cells and organs occur . presbyacusis , or age - related hearing loss , is caused by involutionary changes in the peripheral components of the auditory system , including the inner ear , the spiral ganglion , and the cochlear nerve , as well as by...
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poly(vinyl alcohol ) ( pva ) is a biocompatible polymer with a great variety of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications . pva in aqueous solution is able to form chemical or physical gels under a variety of conditions . the physical gelation capacity of pva solutions has been well known for a long time ; however , t...
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inadequate organization has been identified as an important cause of inappropriate courses of treatment for patients in the health care system [ 1 , 2 ] . a response to this challenge has been to focus on integrated health care and co - ordination between the actors involved in the process [ 37 ] . an illustrative exam...
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these adverse outcomes are common , for example lenke and levy reported that in women with phe levels > 20 mg per decilitre , 73% had microcephaly and 92% of children had intellectual disabilities . to prevent such outcomes and allow normal development of the foetus , pregnancies must be planned and a strict low - phen...
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arnt - floxed ( arnt ) ( 9 ) and hif1-floxed ( hif1 ) ( 10 ) mice containing loxp sites flanking exons 6 and 1315 , of the arnt and hif1 genes , respectively , were crossed with mice harboring the cre recombinase under control of the ap2 promoter ( ap2-cre mice ) . all mice were on the c57bl / 6 background , and only m...
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reactions in which a cyano ( cn ) radical abstracts a hydrogen atom from an organic molecule present an unusual opportunity to contrast chemical reaction dynamics under isolated conditions and in the presence of a liquid solvent . these reactions are exothermic , typically releasing more than 100 kj mol ; in contrast t...
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occupancy of a wide range of g - protein - coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases triggers the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ( pip2 a ) , aabbreviations : pkc , protein kinase c ; dag , diacylglycerol ; pkd , protein kinase d ; rasgrp , ras guanyl releasing protein ; mrck , mytonic dystro...
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we constructed a decision tree cost - effectiveness model for a target population of 163,000 women who at the time of the intervention are sexually active with a male partner , fertile , not desiring pregnancy within the next 12 months , and not using permanent contraception methods ( e.g. , tubal ligation and vasectom...
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because steroid hormones play an important role in a wide range of physiological processes , the potential to disturb endocrine effects is a major concern in the development of novel pharmaceutical drugs such as etomidate and aminoglutethimide . the adrenal gland is the most common target for toxicity in the endocrine ...
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enhancing the binding potency of carbohydrate inhibitors of protein carbohydrate interactions is an important step towards improved medicinal applications.1 this is mostly the case because of the relatively weak interactions between proteins and carbohydrate ligands . ensuring multivalency of ligands is a proven method...
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type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) is a progressive disease , meaning that most patients will require the introduction of insulin into their treatment regimen at some point during the continuum of care 1 . to facilitate the transition to insulin , numerous clinical and real - world studies have investigated the efficac...
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exposures to ambient air pollution and secondhand smoke ( shs ) have been implicated as health risks , particularly for some conditions such as asthma ( chilmonczyk et al . , ; roemer et al . , ; peters et al . , 1997 ; vedalet al . , ; ostro et al . , 2001 ; wallace et al . , 2003 ; measurement error is inherent to ai...
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a global upsurge in human life expectancy and the recent phenomenon of late - life mortality deceleration have contributed to a higher demand for long - term care.1,2 accordingly , an increasing number of older people are living a longer life while struggling with comorbidities , physical and mental disabilities , emot...
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epilepsy is generally deemed intractable or refractory to treatment if the use of two or more appropriately chosen antiepileptic drugs ( aeds ) fails to adequately control seizures . the aeds in question must be at the maximum tolerated doses , at a sufficient therapeutic level and not be discontinued due to side effec...
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alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) is a common neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system . the pathological features of ad include senile plaques formed by extracellular amyloid ( a ) aggregation , neurofibrillary tangles formed by abnormal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein , synaptic impairments ,...
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parkinson 's disease ( pd ) is an age - related neurodegenerative disease with progressive loss of dopaminergic ( da ) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta ( snpc ) . in patients , this depletion of neurons presents clinically with severe motor symptoms including uncontrollable resting tremor , bradikinesia , ...
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male wistar rats ( 150200 g ) were obtained from b&k universal , sollentuna , sweden . animals were housed under a 12-h light / 12-h dark cycle and had free access to water and standard rodent chow and were fasted ( 5 h ) before each experiment . rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentob...
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the fusion between the sperm and the egg marks the beginning of a new individual and ensuing development of either man or beast depends upon a number of additional cell fusion events ( reviewed by ogle et al . thus , mononuclear cytotrophoblasts fuse to form the syncytiotrophoblast layer of the placenta in man and cert...
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physical stimuli can significantly alter cellular behavior , giving rise to biochemical signals involved in molecular response.1 this process is called mechanotransduction , and the responsible structures sensitive to mechanical forces are most probably cytoskeleton elements.2 a number of studies have demonstrated that...
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accurate attribution of co2 variability is required to constrain coupled models combined influence of drought and fire exceed ecosystem responses to temperature temporal and spatial smoothing of co2 observations masks variability from fire observed variations in the growth rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide , co2 , pro...
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we adopt a simple cvd process , the salient stages of which are outlined in figure 1 : ( 1 ) the preannealing stage , during which the samples are gradually heated in h2 or nh3 , ( 2 ) the vacuum stage preceding borazine exposure , ( 3 ) the borazine exposure period , and ( 4 ) the vacuum cooling stage . figure 2 compa...
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subjects are mexican american ( both parents and 3 grandparents mexican or of mexican descent ) who are either probands with gdm diagnosed within the previous 5 years and diagnosed in their family members or non - gdm probands with normal glucose levels in pregnancy in the past 5 years . the institutional review boards...
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blood was recovered from 14 individuals with type 2 diabetes who arrived in our patient clinic ( sex [ m / f ] , 8 / 6 ; a1c , 8 1.2% ; age , 55.8 9.46 years ; bmi , 28.1 3.22 kg / m ; creatinine , 1.06 0.20 mg / dl ; waist circumference , 98.8 8.02 cm ; total cholesterol , 198 30 mmol / l ; hdl cholesterol , 48 12.98 ...
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macroautophagy , which we will refer to as autophagy , is a highly conserved catabolic process in which cytoplasmic proteins and organelles are engulfed by double - membrane structures called autophagosomes , which are then transported to lysosomes for degradation . autophagy is a key regulator of many physiological an...
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accurate and automatic segmentation of medical images is an essential component of a computer - aided diagnosis ( cadx ) system . however , medical image segmentation is typically a difficult task due to noise resulting from the image acquisition process , irregular shape and variable size of anatomical objects , as we...
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to assess the correspondence between distinct basal ganglia pathways and hypothesized cognitive processes , we applied the high spatio - temporal resolution of single - unit electrophysiology to a stop - signal task based around our prior studies of rodent decision - making ( fig . 1 , table s1 ) . each rat was trained...
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current generation composite , light - weight , combat helmets provide enhanced fragmentation and ballistic protection , generally with reduced weight in comparison to previous generations of combat helmets . previous generations of military combat helmets , such as the us personal armor system ground troops ( pasgt ) ...
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the relationship between mind and matter has been a fundamental topic of investigation in many if not all cultures and traditions since the most ancient records of human thought , from the hindu orthodox school of sankhya nearly 27 centuries ago to the classic greek philosophy of plato ( e.g. , in the dialogue phaedo )...
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administratively , the ladakh region in the state of jammu and kashmir ( india ) is divided into two districts : the western kargil district and the eastern leh district . this rain - shadow region is semiarid to arid , with winter temperatures dropping to below 25c . western and central leh are mostly rugged , relativ...
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cone dystrophy is a type of hereditary retinal degeneration characterized by a progressive dysfunctioning of the cone photoreceptors . the possibility of cone dystrophy confined mainly in the periphery had been suggested [ 1 , 2 ] , and krill et al . reported three patients with cone dystrophy , who had normal or near ...
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it has been shown that interictal epileptiform discharges ( ieds ) observed from eeg constitute useful markers of epileptogenesis in patients with focal epilepsy . the regions inside the brain from which these ieds originate , named irritative zones , can in practice be localized based on eeg recordings . preclinical m...
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the nonclassical hla - g molecule presents several properties that differ from other classical class i hla ( -a , -b , and -c ) molecules , including restricted tissue distribution ; limited protein variability ; presence of several membrane - bound and soluble isoforms ; unique molecular structure , presenting a parti...
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differential quantification of complex mixtures using high - performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry ( hplc esi ms / ms ) can help researchers study biological variation at the molecular level and gain insights into the molecular machinery of cellular activity a...
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by 2050 , there will be approximately 2 billion people aged 60 years or more and the number of older people will outnumber the young . the most rapid changes will take place in developing countries , and projections indicate that by then four of five older people will live in developing countries . this demographic cha...
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the genetic composition of a natural population is always changing because mutations inevitably arise and rise or fall in frequency due to selection or drift ( i.e. stochasticity in finite populations ) . genetic changes continue during invasions , when a population is entering and becoming established in new territory...
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pathogens on invading host cells express molecules that are broadly shared by all microbes and distinct from host . these include lipopolysaccharide , peptidoglycan , flagellin and microbial nucleic acids , and collectively are referred to as pathogen - associated molecular patterns ( pamps ) [ 13 ] . pattern recogniti...
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systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is a systemic autoimmune disease with manifestations in multiorgans that are induced by the deposition of circulating autoantibody - autoantigen complexes ( immune complexes , ic ) and amplified by subsequent infiltration of different types of leukocytes promoting the inflammation ....
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sh2b1 knockout and tgko mice have been described previously ( 29,31 ) and were backcrossed for six generations onto a c57bl / 6 genetic background . mice were housed on a 12-h light / dark cycle in the unit for laboratory animal medicine at the university of michigan and fed either normal rodent diet ( 9% fat ; lab die...
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strains and media bacteria and plasmids used in this study are listed in supplemental table s1 . l. pneumophila was grown on cye agar plates or in aye broth ; escherichia coli was cultured in lb medium . antibiotics were added at the following concentrations : 5 g / ml chloramphenicol or 50 g / ml kanamycin for l. pneu...
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the earliest evidence for protein quality control at the er came from observations that unassembled subunits of the t cell receptor were rapidly degraded in the cells ( lippincott - schwartz et al . , this degradation occurred independently of lysosomal proteases , leading to the proposal that the er itself would house...
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many studies over the past 15 years have focused on discovering solvents that help promote efficient cc bond formation under benign reaction conditions . new solvents in dielsalder(2 ) and barbier reactions have been sought to help streamline the one - pot transformations further , reducing synthetic steps and organic ...
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although the neurotoxic action of lead is known for centuries , it has not yet been adequately elucidated which effects would be useful early indicators of a clinically latent lead intoxication . lead , as a trace element , is not necessary for the organism , and is known to be toxic in almost all organ systems . lead ...
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stress is a biologically important and ubiquitous circumstance that can influence brain functions . because of the importance of both the beneficial and deleterious effects of acute and chronic stresses on cognitive functions , they have been the subject of numerous studies during the past 8 decades . the response to s...
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the aspergilli are filamentous fungi , which are multicellular eukaryotes with a relatively simple life cycle . many of them have long been used in food production , industrial fermentation , and agriculture . on the other hand , a few , such as a. fumigatus , a. flavus , a. niger , a. nidulans , and a. terreus , are o...
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medullary thyroid carcinoma ( mtc ) is a rare neuroendocrine cancer that originates from thyroid parafollicular calcitonin-(ct- ) producing cells . mtc accounts for approximately 4% of all thyroid malignancies ; approximately 75% of these cases occur in the sporadic form , and 25% occur in the hereditary form [ 13 ] . ...
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i refer the reader to several fine reviews on avian skin epithelial stem cells ( chuong et al . , 2006 ) and other stem cells of the mammalian skin ( nishikawa and osawa , 2006 ; tiede et al . , 2007 ; waters et al . , 2007 ; fernandes et al . , 2008 ) the mammalian skin epidermis has been the paradigm for exploring ho...
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since first reported by kondo and uchiyama in 1999 , di - tert - butyl - tmp zincate lizn(tmp)bu2 ( tmp = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide ) has proven to be a powerful and effective regioselective base for directed ortho - metalation ( dom ) of various arenes . its great versatility allows the direct zincation of a broad...
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the exploration of patterns and relationships in large health statistics and survey data is always a difficult data analysis task due to the volumes of data collected . examples of widely used surveys include world bank 's living standards measurement survey ( lsm ) on economic aspects of well - being such as income an...
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the majority of cellular proteins exist as symmetric oligomers with distinct biochemical and biophysical properties , which often provide the means for additional regulation of their function at the post - translational level . the study of oligomeric systems in solution is frequently hindered by their large molecular ...
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leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that can manifest in three forms : 1 ) mucosal , 2 ) cutaneous , and 3 ) visceral ( who 2010 , maroli et al . 2013 ) . visceral leishmaniasis ( vl ) is the most severe form caused by the protozoan flagellate , leishmania donovani ( east africa and indian subcontinent ) and l. infant...
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writing about the interdisciplinary study of dying , kellehear ( 2009 ) argues that there is a great deal which the current knowledge base can not tell us about dying experiences . he points out that the diversity of dying has been obscured by a problems - based research tradition , often rooted in medical , health and...
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after the implementation of the first prenatal care in the late 1930s in england and northern ireland ( 1 ) , little by little , it has become recognized that there is a gap in the continuum of maternal care and that preconception care , which is the missing link in this continuum , can improve pregnancy outcomes , par...
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genome sequencing has revealed that most higher eukaryotes have a relatively limited set of genes , whose numbers do not correlate with organismal complexity . the ability of a limited number of genes to achieve diverse protein functions depends on a series of post - translational modifications ( ptms ) , including pho...
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male sprague - dawley rats ( charles river , wilmington , ma ) of 220250 g were housed in the yale animal resource center , fed a standard pellet diet ( prolab 3000 ; agway , syracuse , ny ) , and maintained on a 12-h day / night cycle . experimental protocols were in accordance with laboratory animal care guidelines a...
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the paternal contribution to an embryo plays an important role in understanding early developmental processes and their effect on the health of a child . sperm cells are highly differentiated , polarized and specialized , containing only the constituents required during and after fertilization ( early embryonic develop...