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how has the previous generation “ruined the housing market” for millennials?	The short answer, we don’t make as much money as they did. Slightly longer answer: US household median income in 1970 was $9,780 which has a buying power of $64,700 in today’s money. The current median US wage is 61,800, about $3,000 less or effectively 5% less money available per year than they did. Next, median home ...	[ "The number of multigenerational households has been steadily rising because of the economic hardships people are experiencing today. According to the AARP, multigenerational households have increased from 5 million in 2000 to 6.2 million in 2008.\"There's no question that with some ethnicities that are growing in ...
why is it important to create credit and the benefits of it	Essentially, "building credit" is just showing that if you borrow someone else's money, they can trust you to pay it back. If I'm a random stranger, you probably wouldn't want to lend me a bunch of money, but if a bunch of people you trust all vouch for me that they loaned me money and I paid them back in full and on ...	[ "Credit allows a borrower to increase today’s standard of living at the expense of some future standard of living. Thus in financial terms, credit allows a consumer to spend a large amount of money today (raising their standard of living) while reducing their disposable income as the debt is repaid (lowering their ...
how i shock people/get shocked by touching things? (i.e. static electricity)	> How does it get built up? Everything is made of charges of positive electricity and negative. The two kinds of electricity are carried by the protons and electrons of atoms. But usually an object is electrically "neutral," because its own pos and neg charges are equal in number and cancelled out. "Static electr...	[ "The feeling of an electric shock is caused by the stimulation of nerves as the neutralizing current flows through the human body. The energy stored as static electricity on an object varies depending on the size of the object and its capacitance, the voltage to which it is charged, and the dielectric constant of t...
if someone started wearing weights/ weighted clothing, increasing as they got used to it, what would the effects actually be if they went through having it on often?	You will destroy your joints, your body is not Designed to have weight on the ends of your limbs and why we gain weight on our butts and bellies. Also the weights tend to flap around a bit when you move pulling in directions you don't want. Pretty sure there is a 'because science' YouTube video on this topic if your ...	[ "In those who are overweight or obese, a 2016 study indicates that the use of wearable technology combined with standard behavioral interventions results in less rather than more weight loss after two years of use when compared to usual weight loss interventions. There was no evidence that the devices altered the a...
how can large chains (target, walmart, etc) produce store brand versions of nearly every product imaginable while industry manufacturers only really produce a single type of item?	Because they don't actually make it. Costco doesn't make "Coscto Whisky" Costco has a contract with (it's not but for ease of names) Jack Daniels. And again for ease I will use "Bottles" not "Barrels" If Jack Daniels sells their whisky for $20 a bottle, say it costs them $10 to produce. Costco says "We want to buy yo...	[ "Retailers, like Walmart and Target, buy the product from the manufacturer and sell them directly to the consumer. This channel works best for manufacturers that produce shopping goods like, clothes, shoes, furniture, tableware, and toys. Since consumers need more time with these items before they decide to purchas...
why are toilets round?	Your ass is round.	[ "Chutes are in common use in tall buildings to allow the rapid transport of items from the upper floors to a central location on one of the lower floors or basement. Chutes may be round, square or rectangular at the top and/or the bottom.\n", "Squircles have also been used to construct dinner plates. A squircular...
how did other languages adopt the latin alphabet?	Did a little search and found this, might interest you _URL_0_ Seems that a major factor is the spread of Western Christianity and the roman empire.	[ "The Latin alphabet spread from Italy, along with the Latin language, to the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea with the expansion of the Roman Empire. The eastern half of the Roman Empire, including Greece, Asia Minor, the Levant, and Egypt, continued to use Greek as a lingua franca, but Latin was widely spok...
what made concorde so fast compared to other commercial planes?	It was built to go that fast. The market isn't really willing to deal with the costs and complications of a plane like as compared to 747s and other craft we'd now call conventional though, so the concorde failed. It's just like how someone can build ships that go far faster than your average freighter, but the averag...	[ "Within its own category in commercial aviation, the supersonic airliner Concorde began service in 1976. Its four Rolls Royce/Snecma Olympus 593 turbojets allowed it to cruise at twice the speed of sound. At the time of inception it was regarded as the future of air transportation. However, in large part due to hig...
Is it possible to make 100% pure alcohol?	One thing to consider is the definition of purity, and the fact that it's essentially impossible for any macroscopic sample of a substance to be 100% pure at room temperature. I can confidently say that nobody has ever made a bottle of ethanol that contains no other molecule. We probably haven't even made a bottle ...	[ "However alcoholic drinks cannot be further purified to 0.00% alcohol by volume by distillation. In fact, most drinks labeled non-alcoholic contain 0.5% ABV as it is more profitable than distilling it to 0.05% ABV often found in products sold by companies specializing in non-alcoholic drinks.\n", "Alcohol of more...
how would alien races communicate via mathematics?	You could do this using a series of pulses from an electromagnetic beam. Let's say you send out a group of 5 pulses. After a pause, you send out 7 more. After another pause, you send out 12. It doesn't matter what language the aliens speak and it doesn't matter what base their number system is expressed in or what sy...	[ "The problem of alien language has confronted generations of science fiction writers; some have created fictional languages for their characters to use, while others have circumvented the problem through translation devices or other fantastic technology. For example, the Star Trek universe makes use of a 'universal...
I stumbled across an image of the inside of the Hagia Sophia, it appears Christian imagery was not removed by the ottomans, why was this?	These mosaics were painted over but not removed when the city was taken by Mehmed II. Minarets, minbar, and mihrab were added and it became a functional mosque. After the fall of the empire and the transformation of the Hagia Sophia from mosque into museum in the 1920s, restorationists removed some of the plaster and w...	[ "Hagia Sophia (from the , \"Holy Wisdom\"; or \"Sancta Sapientia\"; ) is a former Orthodox patriarchal basilica, later a mosque, and now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey. From the date of its dedication in 360 until 1453, it served as the Greek Patriarchal cathedral of Constantinople, except between 1204 and 1261, when...
the zapatista movement	Ooh, I was just looking into this! So basically, they are a guerrilla group of (mostly agricultural and ethnically Mayan) farmers that seek to limit government and foreign incursions into Chiapas, the southernmost state of Mexico. Their ideology is "Neozapatism", a blend of Marxism, anarchism and Mayan culture.	[ "The Zapatista Army of National Liberation (\"Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional\", EZLN) often referred to as the \"zapatistas\" is a revolutionary leftist group based in Chiapas, the southernmost state of Mexico. Since 1994, the group has been in a declared war \"against the Mexican state\", though this wa...
why does american television show naked babies bottoms, but won't show a grown person's?	one is sexualized, one isnt. Some people will be aroused by feet anyway, its just how it goes. our society has decided baby butts are ok as long as they arent used in a sexual theme. If the watcher wants to find it sexual, thats their business. with that said, you can find plenty of adult butts on tv, I recall NYPD...	[ "\"I never treated them as though they were in swaddling clothes,\" he said many years later of his young viewers. \"Most kid shows regard young viewers as babies. I wanted to treat them as their parents might if they were on TV.\"\n", "Although child-sized bikinis appeared in the 1950s, in many European countrie...
Why do the Indian and Chinese depictions of Buddha differ so much?	Are you referring to the fat Chinese Buddha? He's just a folklore deity named [Budai](_URL_2_), not a depiction of Siddhartha Gautama. [This is one of the largest Buddha statue in Sichuan, China](_URL_1_), [here's a Buddha statue in Shaolin Temple](_URL_0_), and [here's a generic mass-produced Buddha statue](_URL_3_)...	[ "Although India had a long sculptural tradition and a mastery of rich iconography, the Buddha was never represented in human form, but only through Buddhist symbolism. This period may have been aniconic.\n", "Although India had a long sculptural tradition and a mastery of rich iconography, the Buddha was never re...
how are dubbing voices replaced without messing with background noises?	Basically, all the footage and sound effects are kept as separate files. These days there’s software that you can load these files into and then arrange and edit, and then the software will compile it all into the video that’s actually distributed to tv networks, streaming sites, or movie theaters. Different audio is t...	[ "Dubbing is occasionally used on network television broadcasts of films that contain dialogue that the network executives or censors have decided to replace. This is usually done to remove profanity. In most cases, the original actor does not perform this duty, but an actor with a similar voice reads the changes. T...
why are people with a latex allergy also allergic to bananas? what's the connection?	The banana contains a protein which is very similar in chemical structure to latex. So if you're sensitive to one, there's about a 50% chance that you're sensitive to the other as well. _URL_0_	[ "People who have latex allergy also may have or develop an allergic response to some plants and/or products of these plants such as fruits. This is known as the \"latex-fruit syndrome\". Fruits (and seeds) involved in this syndrome include banana, pineapple, avocado, chestnut, kiwi fruit, mango, passionfruit, fig, ...
How does x-ray powder diffraction work (specifically as applied to mineralogy)?	A powdered sample is still crystalline, and will still diffract x-rays to specific angles based on the lattice spacing. The size of the powder particles are still huge compared to the wavelength of x-rays. What powdering does is randomize your sample, so that all the different possible crystal faces of the material are...	[ "Typically, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an average of randomly oriented microcrystals that should equally represent all crystal orientation if a large enough sample is present. X-rays are directed at the sample while slowly rotated which produce a diffraction pattern which show intensity of x-rays collected a...
What's the difference between a tribe and an organized government in the medieval period? Why do we talk about the "Kingdom of Lombardy" or the "Duchy of Normandy", but at the same time we talk about the "Avars" or the "Aboriginal australians"?	I'm going to give two very short, simple answers and then one somewhat more complex (but still pretty short) answer. First short answer is that we say "Kingdom of Lombardy" and "Ducky or Normandy" because that is what they called themselves. Nine times out of ten the best term to use for a particular state or social gr...	[ "Lombardy is also divided in 1,546 \"comuni\" (municipalities), which have even more history, having been established in the Middle Ages when they were the main places of government. There are twelve provincial capital cities in Lombardy and twenty-four \"comuni\" have more than 40,000 inhabitants, most of which ar...
can our brain switch it's perception of colors?	I dont have an answer, but everytime i get a high fever (102 F+) the way I perceive colors gets screwed up. I.E. I see the red digital numbers on my alarm clock as green.	[ "Perception of color depends heavily on the context in which the perceived object is presented. For example, a white page under blue, pink, or purple light will reflect mostly blue, pink, or purple light to the eye, respectively; the brain, however, compensates for the effect of lighting (based on the color shift o...
Map of History	Is such a thing possible? No, not really. On a smaller scale, such a question has the problem of assuming defined states where there were none or where other arrangements would be more appropriate. On a larger scale, such a map would necessarily impose synchronous borders on areas that experienced consistent flux. Bor...	[ "Historical Atlas of the World is a historical atlas that contains 108 color maps showing religious boundaries, countries, cities, buildings army movements and expeditions. It contains an index to place, peoples, historical and military events and explorers. Covers the span from 3000 BC to ~1970 (Rhodesia, not Zimb...
how does a thermoelectric generator work?	What is really being asked is how the thermoelectric effect works, so I'll try and explain that. Imagine you had a metal wire that has either end held at a different temperature. The electrons in the metal act similar to a gas, where the electrons at the hotter end are moving faster and spreading out more. This causes ...	[ "BULLET::::- Thermoelectric generator – (also called thermogenerators) are devices which convert heat (temperature differences) directly into electrical energy, using a phenomenon called the \"Seebeck effect\" (or \"thermoelectric effect\").\n", "A thermoelectric generator (TEG), also called a Seebeck generator, ...
the urge to scratch wounds	The 'urge' is not evolutionary. It's a biological reaction to the wound. The scab on the wound could be dry and cause an itch. Or the chemicals secreted by the body during the healing (histamines) could be the reason behind it.	[ "Itch (also known as pruritus) is a that causes the desire or reflex to scratch. Itch has resisted many attempts to be classified as any one type of sensory experience. Itch has many similarities to pain, and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are different. Pain creat...
what is a tree made out of?	It comes from the air. The tree absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, uses the carbon to build the majority of its mass, and expels oxygen.	[ "Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xyl...
eeg and erp	First read [this other ELI5-type post](_URL_0_) I wrote about how the brain works a few weeks ago, then come back here... EEG is basically just a way of detecting which parts of the brain are active, moment-to-moment. They place these little "electricity detectors" all over your head. Now imagine that you have a parti...	[ "ERPs can be measured using electroencephalography (EEG), which uses electrodes placed on the scalp to measure the electrical activity of the brain. The ERP waveform itself is constructed from the averaged results of many trials (100 or more). The average reduces signal noise from random-brain activity, leaving jus...
how does target make any money off their redcard debit?	They actually save money by doing so, they don't make money. So when a guest comes in and uses a card, other than a RedCard, the provider (Visa for example) will charge them a fee. By signing up for a card, they can avoid the fee altogether (debit), or reduce it drastically because they made a deal with MasterCard (cre...	[ "The Target Red Card program is a great example of how the value proposition works. Consumers enroll with Target, provide their checking account to be debited and receive 5% discount at the register when they use the Red Card to pay. Target saves the fees they would have otherwise paid to the payment networks and b...
how is it physically possible for a mantis shrimp to punch so fast?	The punch of a Mantis shrimp really is incredible. There is no way that a mantis shrimp can punch that powerfully by muscle strength. Another mechanism is needed. This is an ELI5 over-simplification, but the shrimp "cocks" it's specially designed exoskeleton, elastic tissues, and linkage systems and stores energy. ...	[ "Zebra mantis shrimp attack with a mean peak speed of 2.3 m/s and with a mean duration of 24.98 ms. This speed is significantly slower than those generated by the smashing mantis shrimp, who's strikes can reach 14-23m/s. However, it is similar to those of other aquatic predators attacking evasive prey. This discrep...
how is it possible for some foods to pass through my digestive system and come out whole. i.e. corn and certain small beans	The brown (and the yellow in your pee, for that matter) are derived from byproducts of the breakdown of red blood cells in your body. As far as corn, the outer shell of corn is cellulose, which our body is not good at breaking down. If you don't tear them apart with your teeth, then they can pass relatively unmoleste...	[ "The particles are sorted by yet another group of cilia, which send the smaller particles, mainly minerals, to the prostyle so eventually they are excreted, while the larger ones, mainly food, are sent to the stomach's cecum (a pouch with no other exit) to be digested. The sorting process is by no means perfect.\n"...
How did the people of antiquity and medieval era record their music?	There's always more to be said on the topic, but while you're waiting check a look at these previous threads: [What did Roman music sound like and what form did the written notation take?](_URL_3_) by u/racecar_ray [What do we know about Roman music?](_URL_2_) by u/casestudyhouse22 [*What is the oldest form of m...	[ "The earliest Medieval music did not have any kind of notational system. The tunes were primarily monophonic (a single melody without accompaniment) and transmitted by oral tradition. As Rome tried to centralize the various liturgies and establish the Roman rite as the primary church tradition the need to transmit ...
ramjet	Combustion engines need to compress the incoming air before it is burned. This does two things - it fits more air into the combustion chamber so that fuel can be burned at a higher rate, and it raises the temperature at which the combustion takes place, giving higher thermal efficiency. A turbojet engine has a compres...	[ "A ramjet is a form of jet engine that contains no major moving parts and can be particularly useful in applications requiring a small and simple engine for high-speed use, such as with missiles. Ramjets require forward motion before they can generate thrust and so are often used in conjunction with other forms of ...
how was the playstation 3 able to perform so well with only 256mb of ram?	PC run Windows OS that multipurpose generic OS that will consume 2+ GB of RAM on it's own plus there is other software running at the same time so with 4GB of there is not even 2GB left for the game. The game on console can be fine tuned to specific configuration of the console. On PC it must be prepared to work with ...	[ "The original Z64 has a hardware set limit of 128 megabits. Because it is not capable of addressing any RAM above 16 megabytes, the user can not upgrade the RAM in order play bigger games. Once 256 megabit games became more prevalent, the parent company released hardware version 2.0 which includes a fully addressab...
How far does one blood cell travel with one beat of an average healthy human heart?	Let's go with the typical (or not so typical) 70 kg man. - Blood volume = ~5 liters - Stroke volume (amount pumped with each beat) = ~70 mL - Heart rate = ~ 75 bpm - Cardiac output = ~5 liters/minute - Height = 1.75 m (5'9") The entire blood volume is circulated once a minute or so. I'd surmise that blood circulated...	[ "For a healthy human heart the entire cardiac cycle typically runs less than one second. That is, for a typical heart rate of 75 beats per minute (bpm), the cycle requires 0.3 sec in ventricular systole (contraction)—pumping blood to all body systems from the two ventricles; and 0.5 sec in diastole (dilation), re-f...
Why was there such a push to annex Texas in the 1840's?	Let's go back a bit. The Western Confederacy was beaten in the 1794 Northwest Indian War, and broken during the War of 1812. The Creeks collapsed into a brutal civil war in 1813, and Andrew Jackson razed the strongholds of the Creek and Seminole diehards during his 1816 invasion of Florida. The destruction of Negro F...	[ "The annexation of Texas was the chief political issue of the day. Van Buren, initially the leading candidate, opposed immediate annexation because it might lead to a sectional crisis over the status of slavery in the West and lead to war with Mexico. This position cost Van Buren the support of southern and expansi...
you spray an ant with raid (or a similar product), what is actually happening to it while it is dying?	Different products contain different chemicals, but the active ingredient in normal Raid interferes with sodium channels. It prevents nerve cells from building up electrical charge by "breaking" the mechanism they use to transport electrically-charged particles, therefore causing paralysis and potentially "brain" damag...	[ "Insecticides may be repellent or non-repellent. Social insects such as ants cannot detect non-repellents and readily crawl through them. As they return to the nest they take insecticide with them and transfer it to their nestmates. Over time, this eliminates all of the ants including the queen. This is slower than...
li5: could you please explain the phrase 'deus ex machina'?	It comes from when they used statues to represent gods in plays a long time ago. The machine part is because they were often lowered onto the stage with ropes and pulleys. They would often bring these onto the stage when the plot got stuck. The god would do something magic that solved a problem or moved the plot on. ...	[ "Deus ex machina (: or ; plural: \"dei ex machina\"; English ‘god from the machine’) is a plot device whereby a seemingly unsolvable problem in a story is suddenly and abruptly resolved by an unexpected and seemingly unlikely occurrence, typically so much as to seem contrived. Its function can be to resolve an othe...
if men's body temperature is slightly higher than women's, why are men hairier?	Women don't actually have a lower body temperature than men - the heat is just distributed differently. Women's bodies are better at maintaining core body temperature at the expense of body temperature in the extremities. Temperature also doesn't have much to do with hair. Human hair simply isn't effective insulation....	[ "Modern men generally have more body hair than women, due to higher levels of androgens. However, both genders have less hair in the current era than they once had, due to evolutionary changes. Three different types of hair are present on the human body. Body hair, or androgenic hair, is the terminal hair that deve...
how do airport scans actually work?	Congratulations on making it onto a watch list! Without saying anything too classified, density. Density of materials is almost like a finger print.	[ "Airport Surface Surveillance Capability (ASSC) is a runway-safety tool that displays aircraft and ground vehicles on the airport surface, as well as aircraft on approach and departure paths within a few miles of the airport. The tool allows air traffic controllers and air crew in cockpits equipped with Automatic D...
In several of his books journalist Mark Kurlansky claims that the Basques might have discovered America before Columbus. Is there any truth to this?	I will quote a [post](_URL_0_) I wrote where I touched on Kurlansky's work: > > Mark Kurlansky in his pop-history (non-academic with no citations or references) works Cod and Basque History of the World for some reason strongly proposes the theories of Basque knowledge of North America, himself confesses the follo...	[ "One primary criticism of this theory is that if either a Sinclair or a Templar voyage reached the Americas, they did not, unlike Columbus, return with a historical record of their findings. In fact, there is no known published documentation from that era to support the theory that such a voyage took place. The phy...
why don't countries invade other countries to take over land anymore?	What do you mean by 'anymore'? The USSR was a little grabby and Russia continues to be. Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Iran-Iraq war prior that was a pretty fucking big war. India and Pakistan skirmish for land presently. Israel continues to fight the Palestinians as well as an entire region, although not in an ...	[ "BULLET::::- Invading nations that are close to you carries a higher chance of success. The battlefields are close to your own country, thus it is easier for your troops to get supplies and to defend the conquered land. Make allies with nations far away from you, as it is unwise to invade them.\n", "Others did ac...
differences between catholic and episcopalian.	Episcopalian, barring from the basic beliefs (Belief in Jesus as God, Jesus will save you, Heaven and Hell) in general are very liberal. Things such as: The Bible was written "under influence of God" rather than direct words, leaving room for context and interpretation. Gays and women are allowed to be ordained, as ...	[ "The Episcopal Church follows the \"via media\" or \"middle way\" between Protestant and Roman Catholic doctrine and practices: that is both Catholic and Reformed. Although many Episcopalians identify with this concept, those whose convictions lean toward either evangelicalism or Anglo-Catholicism may not.\n", "W...
why do we experience discomfort/pain when we are exposed to light after waking up in the morning?	It's because of our pupils. Your eyes, even if they were closed while you were asleep, got used to the dark, so the pupils got big to allow more light in the event that you woke up in the dark, you could see better. Well if you wake up to bright lights, that's a TON of light coming in and you can see ALL of it. So it...	[ "The proper exposure to light has become an accepted way to alleviate some of the effects of SAD. In addition exposure to light in the morning has been shown to assist Alzheimer patients in regulating their waking patterns.\n", "Starting about two hours before an individual's regular bedtime, exposure of the eyes...
why do people hate country music with a passion?	largely uncreative (not a large variety of topics), over produced, and i think most people hate the fans more than the music - similar to the emo hate.	[ "The country and western field of music is peculiarly for and about people and its music tells about people and their feelings. In the words of a famous critic: \"\"If a country singer can't feel what his audience is feeling, he's neither a country singer, nor a singer.\"\" The popularity of country music is, and h...
why did the eli5 subreddit start off being full of extremely dumbed down, easy to digest, concise explanations when it started. now all the answers are like i'm reading doctoral thesis? what happened?	Several things to consider. 1) The easy and obvious questions have been asked to death. Simple questions are greeted by answers to just Google it. 2) The expanding user base has brought in experts in many fields. These people are able to provide much more accurate answers, at a reading comprehension level that fits b...	[ "In April 2013, the subreddit was threatened with a shutdown by Reddit admins after r/MensRights subscribers gathered personal information on a supposed blogger of feminist issues, and the subreddit's moderators advised members of the subreddit on how to proceed with this 'doxing' without running afoul of site rule...
why do duracell and energizer batteries last so much longer than the off brand batteries?	Nice try, Duracell and Energizer joint venture salesman.	[ "Both Eveready and Energizer are marketed as different brands in some markets in Asia. This has led to the availability of both \"Eveready Gold\" Alkaline batteries and Energizer Alkaline batteries on store shelves. However, both are targeted at different market segments and Eveready batteries tend to be marketed f...
Why was England so late in setting up colonies in the America's? Was it simple bad luck? Or something more political?	What do you mean "so late"? Englands first colonies were only about 100 years after Colombus. When you consider initial voyages took a year to get here and back, that the value of what was here was in doubt(indeed what was here period was unclear), that who owned it was unclear etc. its understandable the English would...	[ "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, howeve...
Why does splashing your eyes with water, when you're sleepy, suddenly makes you more awake?	It's just a very minor cold shock response from your body.	[ "Water in the eye can alter the optical properties of the eye and blur vision. It can also wash away the tear fluid—along with it the protective lipid layer—and can alter corneal physiology, due to osmotic differences between tear fluid and freshwater. Osmotic effects are made apparent when swimming in freshwater p...
why is the audio in porn videos so often not in sync? (nsfw)	Or better yet, is there a way to fix it?	[ "Porn groove is the music soundtrack to typical pornographic films, or a genre of music that imitates such music. The electric guitar with wah-wah pedal is the most common instrument associated with porn groove, and synonymous with the genre. Simple, often minimalistic-sounding drums, with the rimshot sound being c...
My grandfather used to tell a story about WWII I always found interesting, does it have a basis in fact?	> That always preceded his feelings about the atomic bomb. He felt it was quite likely that he'd have been a part of and died in an invasion of mainland Japan, had it not been used. The implication being, none of us, his children and grandchildren, would have existed had the bomb not been dropped, since he didn't hav...	[ "Piers Brendon has called it \"the most appalling atrocity story\" of World War I, while Phillip Knightley has called it \"the most popular atrocity story of the war.\" After the war John Charteris, the British former Chief of Army Intelligence, allegedly stated in a speech that he had invented the story for propag...
how is a degree from a place like harvard or yale any different from a degree in the same subject from somewhere else?	For starters, many of these places have good reputations because they have cutting edge research and the best academics who are at the forefront of their respective fields. It should be noted that this doesn't always translate to the best teaching, but that might well be beside the point. Some economic theories of t...	[ "The degree programs from the school are offered jointly with other schools. Undergraduates can pursue a B.S. degree in Biology/Secondary Education, Physical Education (Teaching Track), or Social Studies Education, as well as a B.A. in Chemistry with Teaching Specialization or in Modern Languages (French, German, o...
The brightness of the actual dark side of the moon?	Not much darker than a "dark sky" spot on Earth. The Earth's atmosphere mostly reflects back urban light. But go out in the desert, or out at sea, at least 100 km away from any city and town - it's a pretty dark place. Luna wouldn't be very different - a bit darker maybe, but not much. Most people have lived in citie...	[ "The Moon has an exceptionally low albedo, giving it a reflectance that is slightly brighter than that of worn asphalt. Despite this, it is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun. This is due partly to the brightness enhancement of the opposition surge; the Moon at quarter phase is only one-tenth as bright, ...
when that university shooting happened in oregon everyone made a huge deal about not mentioning or even sowing the shooters face, now with the current shootings in sb why is his name and picture all over the nation?	I think its partly due to the perpetrators. The main reason they don't like to publicizes school shooters is that the shooters often do it for the personal notoriety. Its looking more and more like the SB attack was an act of terror or something similar so you can argue that the identify of the specific shooter is less...	[ "There was a significant national response to the shootings: hundreds of universities, colleges, and high schools closed throughout the United States due to a student strike of 4 million students, and the event further affected public opinion, at an already socially contentious time, over the role of the United Sta...
How soon after the Big Bang did stars begin to form?	The first stars began to form about [150 million years](_URL_1_) after the Big Bang, during a period known as "reionization." Prior to this period were the "dark ages" where the universe was fairly uniformly filled with neutral hydrogen; since there were basically no charged atoms during this period, photons did not s...	[ "BULLET::::- 5 February – The first generation of stars is now thought to have emerged 560 million years after the Big Bang, according to scientists working on the European Planck satellite. This is 140 million years later than the previous estimate of 420 million years.\n", "The first generation of stars, known ...
Why did the various revolts of 1840's Europe fail?	From Jonathan Sperber 'The European Revolutions, 1848-1851' -Revolution was heavily romanticized, revolutionary leaders often portrayed doing heroic deeds for the people. Lajos Kossuth from Hungary riding out and rallying peasantry or Giribaldi leading militias into battle. -Some revolutionaries were incompetent...	[ "The Revolution of 1848 had major consequences for all of Europe: popular democratic revolts against authoritarian regimes broke out in Austria and Hungary, in the German Confederation and Prussia, and in the Italian States of Milan, Venice, Turin and Rome. Economic downturns and bad harvests during the 1840s contr...
why can little caesars afford to sell pizzas at a low price while places like papa john's sells their pizzas for about double the price?	In every business there are some companies that focus on price, others that focus on making a better quality, and others that try to compromise. Little Caesars focus is very strongly on price, and they are willing to buy cheaper ingredients if that's what it takes.	[ "\"PMQ Pizza Magazine\" said in December 2016 that the company was the third-largest take-out and pizza delivery restaurant chain in the United States. (According to PMQ, Little Caesars is the third-largest pizza chain; however, it does not deliver.) The company's net profitability though, is far behind its main co...
Has there ever been a government system that the majority of the population, across all economic divides, generally approved of?	I don't think your question can be answered because it's not clear what data would allow us to answer it. Prior to modern times, we don't actually have the information to say whether the "majority of the population" "across all economic divides" approved of a particular government. We have information about whether pa...	[ "One factor in the social anatomy of these governments was the retention of a very substantial share in political power by the landed elite, the Junkers, resulting from the absence of a revolutionary breakthrough by the peasants in combination with urban areas.\n", "Historically, most political systems originated...
what are apis and why is "vulkan" apparently the next big thing for gaming?	Say you go to a mechanic for an oil change. If the mechanic is any good you don't need to give them step-by-step instructions on how to change the oil. Instead you just tell the mechanic to "change the oil" and trust that the mechanic knows what to do. In the above example **you are specifying an end result without ha...	[ "Vulkan is a low-overhead, cross-platform 3D graphics and computing API. Vulkan targets high-performance realtime 3D graphics applications such as video games and interactive media across all platforms. Compared to OpenGL and Direct3D 11, and like Direct3D 12 and Metal, Vulkan is intended to offer higher performanc...
Why is it so difficult to find a unifying theory in physics and why is it necessary? Can't it all work separately?	> Why is it so difficult I could go into details of examples of current difficulties but that would just lead us astray from the real answer, which is: why should it be easy? > Can't it all work separately? Often it can in practice. For example you could have a theory that works well for slow speeds but badly at...	[ "\"Sometimes [...] people say that surely there's no final theory because, after all, every time we've made a step toward unification or toward simplification we always find more and more complexity there. That just means we haven't found it yet. Physicists never thought they had the final theory.\"\n", "Consider...
Could the amount of static electricity that shocks humans when they touch a doorknob be enough to kill an insect or other tiny creatures?	Static shocks have very high voltage (I remember reading somewhere that if you feel a shock, it's at least 10,000 Volts), but it has very little charge. You can think of it like trying to run a fire hose with an 8 oz glass of water; it might be at super high pressure, but it's not going to last very long. So the questi...	[ "Electricity is hazardous: an electric shock from a current as low as 35 milliamps is sufficient to cause fibrillation of the heart in vulnerable individuals. Even a healthy individual is at risk of falling from a high structure due to loss of muscle control. Higher currents can cause respiratory failure and result...
If my salt intake is too high, can I just drink a lot of water to cancel it out?	Salt (Sodium) makes you retain water. Adding water to a high salt diet means you'll be retaining lots of water. This makes you hypertensive. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is bad for pretty much everything. Sorry, this turned out more ELI5 than science.	[ "Because more water is lost through pouch output, patients can get dehydrated easily and can also suffer salt deficiency. For this reason, some are encouraged to add extra salt to meals. Persistent dehydration is often supplemented with an electrolyte mix drink.\n", "Too much salt intake in adults can also occur ...
Was the Kansas/Missouri border war the start of the Civil War or just a precursor to it?	In 1820 the U.S passed the Missouri compromise that stated that slavery could not extend above the 36' 30" line. When Kansas and Nebraska were looking to join the union Stephen Douglas proposed a bill that would allow each state to vote on if they were going to be a slave state or a free state. Nebraska was far enough ...	[ "The 160-year-old rivalry between Kansas and Missouri began with open violence that up to the American Civil War known as Bleeding Kansas that took place in the Kansas Territory (Sacking of Lawrence) and the western frontier towns of Missouri throughout the 1850s. The incidents were clashes between pro-slavery fact...
why can we see ultraviolet if it is outside the visible spectrum?	You can't. If you shine UV on some things, like liquid laundry detergent, it makes the substance glow brightly. This is not you seeing UV, it is a substance absorbing UV photons and re-radiating the energy as visible wavelength photons you can see.	[ "Above the range of visible light, ultraviolet light becomes invisible to humans, mostly because it is absorbed by the cornea below 360 nm and the internal lens below 400 nm. Furthermore, the rods and cones located in the retina of the human eye cannot detect the very short (below 360 nm) ultraviolet wavelengths an...
What was the point of the invasion stripes on planes during D-day?	They were identification aids for Allied pilots and gunners. Friendly fire was a persistent risk for aircraft, positive recognition being difficult in the heat of battle; the first Fighter Command losses of the war were in the "Battle of Barking Creek" during which two Hurricanes were shot down by Spitfires and the int...	[ "During World War II, \"invasion stripes\" were painted on Allied aircraft to assist identification in preparation for the invasion of Normandy. Similar markings had been used when the Hawker Typhoon was first introduced into use as it was otherwise very similar in profile to a German aircraft. Late in the war the ...
why do circuit boards need transistors/what do they do?	You are thinking of capacitors. Capacitors are used to regulate the energy flowing through a board. Rarely will you have a 'clean' energy flow. There will be dips and spikes along the way. The capacitors help smooth that out and provide a little extra juice and buffers to prevent jolts on or off from damaging the syst...	[ "Bipolar junction transistors offer high speed, high gain, and low output resistance, which are excellent properties for high-frequency analog amplifiers, whereas CMOS technology offers high input resistance and is excellent for constructing simple, low-power logic gates. For as long as the two types of transistors...
why do particles behave so differently at the quantum level?	Our universe operates on two scales: macro and micro. We, as humans, sit in an awkward middle ground where both effects can be demonstrated. There is a scaling effect in physics and engineering, in which mass and momentum increases cubically, while resistance increases to the square -- this is the result of volumetric...	[ "The fundamental feature of quantum mechanics that distinguishes it from classical mechanics is that particles of a particular type are indistinguishable from one another. This means that in an assembly consisting of similar particles, interchanging any two particles does not lead to a new configuration of the syst...
How advanced was Polynesian navigation compared to other civilizations?	They presumably knew a great deal about stars, the movement of ocean currents and wave patterns, the air and sea interference patterns caused by islands and atolls, the flight of birds, the winds, and the weather. However, so did other navigators. It's still unclear how much of their exploration of new islands was ...	[ "Polynesian navigation used some navigational instruments, which predate and are distinct from the machined metal tools used by European navigators (such as the sextant, first produced in 1730; the sea astrolabe, from around late 15th century; and the marine chronometer, invented in 1761). However, they also relied...
How credible is Noam Chomsky on American History/foreign policy	> I know his views on history can be controversial and don't want to discuss them, I'm just wondering if he uses correct info Perhaps the biggest problem I have with Chomsky is that he's an unreliable source of historical information (and because of what he says about the self-brainwashing of US intellectuals, the r...	[ "Noam Chomsky mentioned The Purpose of American Politics during one of his talks criticizing it for a number of things. He cited Morgenthau who calls US intervention in Central America \"isolated forays\" and blames many critics of US historical record for \"committing a fundamental error of logic\" by confusing \"...
What sort of cosmetics did the women of royalty/aristocracy wear during Henry VIII's reign?	Fashion, yes! Queen Catherine of Aragon (the first wife) is believed to have started the trend of wearing a farthingale (hoop skirt). The farthingale or verdugados in Spanish had been a staple of Spanish fashion for at least 20 years before Catherine came to England. When she got to England, it took about another ...	[ "The ideal standard of beauty for women in the Elizabethan era was to have light or naturally red hair, a pale complexion, and red cheeks and lips. Pale, white skin was desired because Queen Elizabeth was in reign and she had the naturally red hair, pale complexion, and red cheeks and lips. Also, it was to look ver...
the russian subdivision system?	Russia is a union, much like the US is or the Soviet Union was. In fact, the official name of the country is not 'Russia', but the Russian Federation. Republics are regions where the majority of the population is (or was, at the time of its creation) not ethnically Russian. They have partial autonomy, and their own co...	[ "In modern Russia, a selsoviet is a type of an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia, which is equal in status to a town of district significance or an urban-type settlement of district significance, but is organized around a rural locality (as opposed to a town or an urban-type settl...
Does our brain have a equivalent of binary code or pixels?	I'm not quite sure I understand your question. Neuronal firing can be thought of as a digital or binary process - they either fire or they do not. However, the relationship between input and output is non-linear.	[ "Most computers manipulate binary data, but it is difficult for humans to work with the large number of digits for even a relatively small binary number. Although most humans are familiar with the base 10 system, it is much easier to map binary to hexadecimal than to decimal because each hexadecimal digit maps to a...
how do we instinctively know if something is good for eating?	It's not instinctive at all for humans. Look at babies, they put all sorts of non-edible items in their mouths. What's good for eating is a learned behavior. We learn from our parents/society what is edible and what isn't. > Give a dog and deer an apple. The deer will probably eat it as soon as he understand you don...	[ "BULLET::::- The safety of the food may be determined by observing whether or not the food taster subsequently becomes ill. However, food tasting is not effective against slow-acting poisons that take a long time to produce visible symptoms.\n", "\"Our principles are simple: we use the best, nicest ingredients, t...
how the hell can 700+ people die in a stampede?	I was once trapped in a bad situation, a crushing crowd. It was New Years Eve, in Paris. My wife and I were with friends. When it started getting bad, we all held hands, but that wasn’t enough; our friends were slowly ripped away from us and we wouldn’t see them till the next day. My wife and I stayed together by huggi...	[ "\"If you look at the analysis, I’ve not seen any instances of the cause of mass fatalities being a stampede,\" says Keith Still, professor of crowd science at Manchester Metropolitan University. \"People don't die because they panic. They panic because they are dying.\"\n", "A human stampede occurred on 30 Septe...
why do teeth feel a bit loose when not brushing for a couple days?	I don't know how old you are, or what dental treatment you have had in the past but here goes: - As you get older, your gums recede leaving your teeth with less structure around them - If you smoke or drink alcohol or have an unhealthy diet, this will also cause gum recession - If you haven't been to the dentist in qu...	[ "Brushing teeth properly helps prevent cavities, and periodontal, or gum disease, which causes at least one-third of adult tooth loss. If teeth are not brushed correctly and frequently, it could lead to the calcification of saliva minerals, forming tartar. Tartar hardens (then referred to as 'calculus') if not remo...
why are those red lines on composition notebooks not lined up?	The sheets are cut in twos, stacked, folded in half, bound to the cover, and cut to size and uniformity. When the pages are folded, the sheets shift causing the red margin to be in slightly different places on each page	[ "The lines are not straight, but askew. The difference of the thickness of ink color shown on drawn letter paper is large, and spots often occur. Even some characters, such as 'day' (日) or 'one' (一), are written reversely, while other letters are not printed out completely. The same typed letters are not shown on t...
how come my cat can tear up chipmunks and birds and eat them, but if i were to do the same thing, i would probably get very sick?	Your kitty cat and you have different tummys. Your kitty gets to eat chipmunks and birds and cat food with its tummy, and you get to eat chocolate and ice cream and human food with your tummy.	[ "The cat manages to survive, but he's still out to get Tweety. When he arrives at the bottom of the tree, he becomes a nest. Tweety attempts to get into it, but a hen, laying her eggs, causes him to get off. When she's finished, she flies off. The cat also arrives and his mouth is full of nothing but eggs. He attem...
why aren't heatsinks entirely made of copper (mostly for cpu's or gpu's)?	> To my knowledge pricing cannot be the reason as aluminum and copper are both relatively cheap raw materials. Copper costs more than three times as much as aluminum.	[ "Copper’s antimicrobial properties can enhance the performance of HVAC systems and associated indoor air quality. After extensive testing, copper became a registered material in the U.S. for protecting heating and air conditioning equipment surfaces against bacteria, mold, and mildew. Furthermore, testing funded by...
why is "swatting" so easy? i feel like it shouldn't be that simple.	There was a [pretty good AMA](_URL_0_) earlier this week after the Keemstar/SWAT incident which would answer some of your follow-up questions. A few key points: Some popular YouTubers will notify their police department of their online presence and give a heads up that they might be a potential target for a SWAT call...	[ "Swatting is a criminal harassment tactic of deceiving an emergency service (via such means as hoaxing an emergency services dispatcher) into sending a police and emergency service response team to another person's address. This is triggered by false reporting of a serious law enforcement emergency, such as a bomb ...
why is exercise not enjoyable if it is beneficial?	It is enjoyable once you start doing it. The reason it's found hard to start is because as a rule of thumb, it is evolutionarily beneficial to save energy rather than "wasting" it in superfluous exercise. The problem is that in our society, you can almost get around moving altogether; but that hasn't been going on for...	[ "Benefits of exercise include stress reduction, reduced risk of heart disease, lowers blood pressure, helps control weight and aids insulin in improving management of diabetes. Exercise that is not too strenuous is recommended. Such activities may include walking, swimming, gardening, cycling or golfing.\n", "Stu...
Is there a chance abiogenesis occurs all the time, but there's just next to no likelihood of it being observed?	The [Miller and Urey experiment](_URL_0_) sought to recreate conditions they think existed on the earth long before life existed here. They succeeded in creating amino acids from inorganic precursors. They did not create life but showed an important fist step was possible. On earth now the conditions are not necessa...	[ "It has also been noted that arguments against some form of life arising \"by chance\" are really objections to nontheistic abiogenesis, not to evolution. Indeed, arguments against \"evolution\" are based on the misconception that abiogenesis is a component of, or necessary precursor to, evolution. Similar objectio...
what things affect fuel prices?	Avalability of oil, political sanctions and teriffs (tax), disputes between the countries providing the oil, and cost of refining to fuel as well as transport.	[ "Increases in the price of fuel do not lead to decreases in demand because it is inelastic. Rather, a greater portion of income is spent on fuel, and less is available to purchase other goods. This leads to an overall decrease in consumer spending.\n", "Rising oil prices cause rising food prices in three ways. Fi...
how do aimbots work?	The bot responds to the "pull trigger" key by twitching the weapon's aimpoint onto the nearest target first. The user kits a key and the game sees a mouse move and key sequence that produces a better score. You have to be pretty close and "target-ness" needs to be well defined, so it's hardly a perfect thing. Howev...	[ "Aimbotting relies on each player's client computer receiving information about all other players, whether they are visible from the player's position or not. Targeting is a matter of determining the location of any opponent relative to the player's location and pointing the player's weapon at the target. This targ...
why do computer mice move off the screen on the bottom and right side of the screen? also is there any purpose to this?	> Because the pointer is normally at the top left tip, which is the part that is restricted to the screen boundaries. The rest of the cursor is just a graphic that helps in visually locating this tip. This graphic is not restricted, and in fact can't be - if the cursor graphic was trapped you would not be able to cli...	[ "Nearly all mice now have an integrated input primarily intended for scrolling on top, usually a single-axis digital wheel or rocker switch which can also be depressed to act as a third button. Though less common, many mice instead have two-axis inputs such as a tiltable wheel, trackball, or touchpad.\n", "A mous...
at a molecular level, why do super hot and super cold objects induce pain when we touch them?	On a basic level... The hotter something is, the faster its molecules move. When you touch a super hot object, it actually damages the cells in the skin because the molecules are excited, and at a certain point, actually begins to overheat the water in the cells. That's what causes burns... As well as actually "cooki...	[ "When a person touches a hot object and withdraws their hand from it without actively thinking about it, the heat stimulates temperature and pain receptors in the skin, triggering a sensory impulse that travels to the central nervous system. The sensory neuron then synapses with interneurons that connect to motor n...
What religion did jews and inhabitants of what is today israel and palestine practice before judaism ?	There is substantial evidence that the ancestors of those who would call themselves Israelites followed religious practices common in Canaan, and that they themselves were a subgroup of the what would broadly be considered Canaanites. Canaan itself would have been a sort of area between the great bronze-age empires of...	[ "Judaism was practiced widely throughout the European continent within the Roman Empire from the 2nd century. Throughout the Middle Ages, Jews were accused of ritual murder, faced pogroms and legal discrimination.\n", "BULLET::::- Judaism — the national religion of the Israelites/Hebrews of the Fertile Crescent, ...
Where did the Imperial Chinese court get its eunuch?	Ming is the "golden age" of Chinese eunuchs, that's the period with the most of them running around, so you have made a solid choice! One of the [few good English texts on Chinese eunuchs](_URL_0_) is just about this period. Eunuchs of this period would have been majority voluntary or semi-voluntary, both adult men w...	[ "At the end of the Ming dynasty, there were about 70,000 eunuchs (宦官 \"huànguān\", or 太監 \"tàijiàn\") employed by the emperor, with some serving inside the imperial palace. There were 100,000 eunuchs at the height of their numbers during the Ming. In popular culture texts such as Zhang Yingyu's \"The Book of Swindl...
Why do I randomly and suddenly run out of breath mid-sentence? It feels similar to a hiccup.	Are you forgetting to breathe when you talk? That's not snark, that's an actual question. When you talk, make sure to pause and take a breath. That's also a good time to think about what you're saying.	[ "A hiccup (also spelled hiccough) is an involuntary contraction (myoclonic jerk) of the diaphragm that may repeat several times per minute. The hiccup is an involuntary action involving a reflex arc. Once triggered, the reflex causes a strong contraction of the diaphragm followed about a quarter of a second later b...
Is there a link between handwriting and writing abilities?	Relevant Studies that investigate correlations between handwriting and personality variables: _URL_1_ _URL_2_ Maybe the most relevant to your question: _URL_0_	[ "Research in writing development has been limited in psychology. In the research that has been conducted, focus has generally centred on the development of written and spoken language and their connection. Spoken and written skills could be considered linked. Researchers believe that children's spoken language infl...
Did the stereotypical drill sergeant exist before WWII or so?	Sorry, we don't allow ["trivia seeking" questions](_URL_0_). These tend to produce threads which are collections of disjointed, partial responses, and not the in-depth discussions about a particular topic we're looking for. If you have a specific question about an historical event, period, or person, please feel free...	[ "Top Sergeant is a 1942 American military drama film. United States Army Sergeant Rusty Manson (Don Terry) is on maneuvers with slackers Frenchy Devereaux (Leo Carrillo) and Andy Jarrett (Andy Devine) when robbers attack them and kill Manson's brother \n", "Combat Sergeant is an American television program that o...
exactly how are underwater bodies of water formed (e.g.: underwater waterfall, river, lake, etc.) and why do they occur?	The short answer is: Different densities of water and temperature. Salt water meeting fresh water is a great example of this. Check this out ---- > _URL_0_	[ "The water in a river is usually in a channel, made up of a stream bed between banks. In larger rivers there is also a wider floodplain shaped by waters over-topping the channel. Flood plains may be very wide in relation to the size of the river channel. Rivers are a part of the hydrological cycle. Water within a r...
What kind of defense against invasion did Great Britain have during WW2?	I can't speak to static defenses, but the main deterrent to a cross-Channel invasion were the RAF and the Royal Navy. The Germans had little chance of a cross-channel invasion after they were unable to win the Battle of Britain. Making an amphibious landing without air superiority would have been difficult, particula...	[ "British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War entailed a large-scale division of military and civilian mobilisation in response to the threat of invasion by German armed forces in 1940 and 1941. The British army needed to recover from the defeat of the British Expeditionary Force in France, and 1.5 mi...
in cryptography, how is it that i am able to encrypt something with a public key but then not able to decrypt it?	You should watch [THIS VIDEO](_URL_0_). They liken it to colors - just because you have the ending color doesn't mean you know what the exact original colors were.	[ "Encryption in modern times is achieved by using algorithms that have a key to encrypt and decrypt information. These keys convert the messages and data into \"digital gibberish\" through encryption and then return them to the original form through decryption. In general, the longer the key is, the more difficult i...
How do they know that HPV in men can cause certain types of cancer and genital warts if it is impossible to test men for HPV?	Just because there aren't widely used clinical tests for HPV in men does not mean that we don't have ways of detecting HPV in males. [PCR](_URL_0_), which amplifies DNA, can be used to detect HPV in a variety of locations such as [on the penis](_URL_1_), [in the rectum, and in the mouth](_URL_2_). PCR can also be perfo...	[ "HPV is the sexually transmitted virus that is known to be the cause of genital warts. There are currently more than 100 different strains of HPV, half of which can cause genital infections. It is worth noting here that although it is not usually the HPV strains that cause genital warts that are associated with the...
If even light cannot escape the event horizon of a black hole because of the mass of the singularity, how did the universe expand from an infinitely dense singularity in the first place?	This question has [already been asked](_URL_0_) tl;dr — it's not the density that results in black holes, but curvature, and uniformly distributed matter doesn't generate the necessary curvature.	[ "With classical-model black holes, objects passing through the event horizon on their way to the singularity are thought to enter a realm of curved spacetime where the escape velocity exceeds the speed of light. It is a realm that is devoid of all structure. Further, at the singularity—the heart of a classic black ...
Is it theoretically possible to freeze or preserve a human embryo and then have the child in the future?	IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) often uses this exact mechanism. (Any professional biologists feel free to chime in and correct me if I slip up somewhere.) Short and sweet background on IVF: Potential mothers are given hormones (primarily FSH) for ~3 weeks before the procedure. Around 24 hours before the extraction of...	[ "or donating them for use in embryonic stem cell research. Although embryos can, theoretically, survive indefinitely in frozen storage, as a practical reality someone must eventually decide on a permanent disposition for them.\n", "The Rand Consulting Group has estimated there to be 400,000 frozen embryos in the ...
why do starved people (holocaust victims, famine victims and other unlucky people) die if they eat too much food after being rescued or find food?	After a long period of starvation, the body has learned to not secrete digestive juices. Stomach muscles shrink as they have no work. All the glands are on holiday and don't know when duty again calls. (Without food in the stomach the stomach acid will severely damage the thick stomach lining). Pancreas and liver also...	[ "When food is not sufficient, the elderly are the least likely to survive. In the extreme case of famine, the Inuit fully understood that, if there was to be any hope of obtaining more food, a hunter was necessarily the one to feed on whatever food was left. However, a common response to desperate conditions and th...
Book Recommendation on Class Analysis of Nazi Germany	Part of the problem with your google search might be that "class" is often a highly nebulous term and despite its importance to social historians, it is often highly difficult to nail down. Most of the works using a socioeconomic lens to examine the Third Reich deal primarily with the issue of the Nazi seizure of pow...	[ "In 1932, Geiger wrote an analysis of the classes in Germany. The analysis was based on an empirical study of social stratification. In his analysis of the data, he classified the population into five groups, more complex than capitalists and proletariat as used by Marx, to determine the objective economic criteria...
why do people hate sarah palin?	Because she is incredibly dense. A mixture of her over-friendly non-Canadian Canadian joyfulness pings a bad ring with many people especially with a mix of how she talks about thinks like she knows about things but is sadly mistaken when put to the test. Also the very idea this woman could have been an American Vice P...	[ "The Miranda character receives negative comments to her videos from viewers who are fooled by the character and believe that they are watching a serious video by a bad entertainer. Ballinger told \"Backstage\": \"It's sort of like an Andy Kaufman thing. You wouldn't believe the hate mail. ... You would never say t...
Why doesn't air (Nitrogen, Oxygen, CO2) separate into different layers?	[Turbulence keeps gasses mixed in the lower parts of the atmosphere:](_URL_1_) > The homosphere and heterosphere are defined by whether the atmospheric gases are well mixed. In the homosphere the chemical composition of the atmosphere does not depend on molecular weight because the gases are mixed by turbulence.[11] ...	[ "When air is liquefied the oxygen and nitrogen are condensed simultaneously. However, owing to its greater volatility the latter boils off the more quickly of the two, so that the remaining liquid becomes gradually richer and richer in oxygen.\n", "An air separation process is used to separate nitrogen from air f...
how does the picking of world cup teams happen?	The countries do send in their best possible premier team, just every country is different. I am assuming you are referring to the comments related to Christiano Ronaldo's club team Real Madrid as opposed to his national team Portugal. Real Madrid is one of the wealthiest teams in the world and simply buys the top ta...	[ "The first event of the FIFA World Cup starts with a kind of lottery but instead of selecting classified numbers, in this contest a country is selected; most had been made in January of the tournament year until 1982 and since the 1986 World Cup it is held in early December of the year before the start of the tourn...
how does the stomach work in space? do astronauts feel constant need to throw up since the contents are bouncing around inside?	A stomach is also more a wet bag than a box or bottle. There's no big open space to fill. The contents can slosh around when you fill it up. You have a sphincter (round muscle like your butthole) that holds things in at each end. There's a lower esophagal sphincter at the top of the stomach that keeps the digesting fo...	[ "Breakfast began at 7 am. Astronauts usually stood to eat, as sitting in microgravity also strained their stomach muscles. They reported that their food—although greatly improved from Apollo—was bland and repetitive, and weightlessness caused utensils, food containers, and bits of food to float away; also, gas in t...
why does my internet go so much faster when downloading from steam or a torrent?	Your download speeds depend both on your connection to the server and the server's capacity. If you're connecting to a server on the other side of the world, you'll probably get a crappy download speed, even if both you and the server have a super fast connection to your ISP. Because of this, large networks like Steam...	[ "speeding up the download time, especially for users with faster download than upload speeds. Thus, the more popular a file is, the faster a user will be able to download it, since many people will be downloading it at the same time, and these people will also be uploading the data to other users.\n", "BULLET::::...
what does the cdc in america do?	As some examples: CDC tracks the spread of diseases, looking for the source, transmission vector, and that sort of thing. CDC also maintains the ‘strategic national stockpile’ of medicine, which is basically something from an action move. They can get tons of medical products to basically anywhere in the US in 12 ho...	[ "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States. The CDC is a United States federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.\n", "The CDC works with other organizations around the w...

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