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Martian regolith simulant (or Martian soil simulant) is a terrestrial material that is used to simulate the chemical and mechanical properties of Martian regolith for research, experiments and prototype testing of activities related to Martian regolith such as dust mitigation of transportation equipment, advanced life ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42604764 |
Martian regolith simulant After milling to reduce its particle size, JSC Mars-1A can geopolymerize in alkaline solutions forming a solid material. Tests show that the maximum compressive and flexural strength of the 'martian' geopolymer is comparable to that of common clay bricks. MMS or Mojave Mars Simulant was develo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42604764 |
Martian regolith simulant MGS-1 is produced by mixing pure minerals together in accurate proportions, with a realistic particle size distribution. The simulant is available from the not-for-profit Exolith Lab at the University of Central Florida. MGS-1 does not include perchlorates by default, so cannot be used to test... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42604764 |
Run-off transcription A run-off transcription assay is an assay in molecular biology which is conducted "in vitro" to identify the position of the transcription start site (1 base pair upstream) of a specific promoter along with its accuracy and rate of "in vitro" transcription. can be used to quantitatively measure th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42611813 |
Serum Metabolome Database The Serum Metabolome database is a free web database about small molecule metabolites found in human serum and their concentration values. The database includes chemical data, clinical data and molecular/biochemistry data from literature and experiment. This database also references many other... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621210 |
CyberCell The Database (CCDB) is a freely available, web-accessible database that provides quantitative genomic, proteomic as well metabolomic data on Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli (strain K12) is perhaps the best-studied bacterium on the planet and has been the organism of choice for several international efforts... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621313 |
CyberCell Every card contains more than 60 fields concerning all aspects of the sequence, function or structure of a given molecule as well as hyperlinks to other sources of information such as EcoGene and EcoCyc, scientific abstracts, and interactive applets to view structures or chromosomal maps. One of the more attr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621313 |
CyberCell In addition, nearly every data item is fully traceable and explicitly referenced to the original source. CCDB data is available through a public web interface and downloads. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621313 |
Bovine Metabolome Database is a free web database about metabolites information of bovine (cow). It collects 7859 metabolites totally. Each metabolite host properties like CAS name, IUPAC name, structure diagram, formula, and biofluid location. It fills the lack of the information in bovine field. This project is suppo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621431 |
PBAD promoter P" " (systematically "araBp") is a promoter found in bacteria and especially as part of plasmids used in laboratory studies. The promoter is a part of the arabinose operon whose name derives from the genes it regulates of: "araB", "araA", and "araD". In "E. coli", the P promoter is adjacent to the P promo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621886 |
PBAD promoter Without arabinose, and regardless of glucose concentration, the P and Ppromoters are repressed by AraC. The N-terminal arm of AraC interacts with its DNA binding domain, allowing two AraC proteins to bind to the O and I operator sites. The Ooperator is situated within the "araC " gene. An AraC dimer also ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621886 |
PBAD promoter Plasmid vectors have been constructed and tested with a selectable marker (Cm in this case), origin of replication, "araC" and operons, multiple cloning site and P promoter. Studies show that vectors are highly expressed and can be used, in combination with chromosomal null alleles, to study loss of funct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42621886 |
John J. Abel Award The is an annual award presented by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). The award is given for outstanding research in the field of pharmacology and/or experimental therapeutics; which comes with a $5000 prize, An engraved plaque, and all travel expenses paid ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42622209 |
Plate column A plate column (or tray column) is a chemical equipment used to carry out unit operations where it is necessary to transfer mass between a liquid phase and a gas phase. In other words, it is a particular gas-liquid contactor. The peculiarity of this gas-liquid contactor is that the gas comes in contact wit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42625971 |
Plate column In the case of fractionating column there are instead many product streams. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42625971 |
Quasi-crystals (supramolecular) Quasi-crystals are supramolecular aggregates exhibiting both crystalline (solid) properties as well as amorphous, liquid-like properties. Self-organized structures termed "quasi-crystals" were originally described in 1978 by the Israeli scientist Valeri A. Krongauz of the Weizmann Instit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42628804 |
Quasi-crystals (supramolecular) In an applied electrostatic field, quasi-crystals form macroscopic threads that show linear optical dichroism. Later Krongauz described unusual phase transitions of molecules composedof mesogenic and spiropyran moieties, which he named "quasi-liquidcrystals." A micrograph of their mesoph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42628804 |
G-less cassette The transcription assay is a method used in molecular biology to determine promoter strength "in vitro". The technique involves quantification of an mRNA product with the use of a plasmid. The is part of a pre-constructed vector, usually containing a multiple cloning site (MCS) upstream of the cassette.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42630261 |
G-less cassette For example, to measure the effects of a TATA box consensus sequence modification in "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" in the presence of TFIID, G-less cassettes were implemented to measure the relative strength of each promoter. The G-less assay can be performed on a circular plasmid to measure levels of tran... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42630261 |
Abortive initiation Abortive initiation, also known as abortive transcription, is an early process of genetic transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to a DNA promoter and enters into cycles of synthesis of short mRNA transcripts which are released before the transcription complex leaves the promoter. This process ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42632611 |
Abortive initiation Within the last decade, studies have revealed that abortive initiation involves "DNA scrunching," in which RNA polymerase remains stationary while it unwinds and pulls downstream DNA into the transcription complex to pass the nucleotides through the polymerase active site, thereby transcribing the D... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42632611 |
Abortive initiation There are no widely accepted functions for the resulting truncated RNA transcripts. However, a study in 1981 found evidence that there was a relationship between the amount of abortive transcripts produced and the time until long RNA strands are successfully produced. When RNA polymerase undergoes a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42632611 |
Jesper deClaville Christiansen (born 30 June 1963 in Skive, Denmark) is a Danish professor in Materials Science and Technology. Professor Christiansen is known for his work in the field of mechanics of polymers, diffusion, rheology and micro and nano composites especially. Professor was knighted on 11. April 2014 (ridd... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42653446 |
Jesper deClaville Christiansen , Oil & Gas Science and Technology-Revue de l'IFP, Composites A, Materials Science and Engineering, Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, Journal of Engineering Education, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, American Mineralogist, Polymers and Polymer Composites, Journal of Rheology, Polyme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42653446 |
Indian Chemical Society The is a scientific society dedicated in the field of chemistry from India. It was established in 1924 with Prafulla Chandra Ray as its founding president. The same year the society started to publish its "Quarterly Journal of Indian Chemical Society" (1924- 1927) which is currently known as Jou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42654484 |
Carbohydrate Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on the chemistry of carbohydrates. It is published by Elsevier and was established in 1965. The editor-in-chief is M. Carmen Galan (University of Bristol). According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42662705 |
Paul Kuroda Paul Kazuo Kuroda (1 April 1917 – 16 April 2001), was a Japanese-American chemist and nuclear scientist. He was born on April 1, 1917 in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. He died on April 16, 2001 at his home in Las Vegas, Nevada. He received bachelors and doctoral degrees from the Imperial University of Tokyo. He... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42667776 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom Transposable elements (transposons, TEs, 'jumping genes') are short strands of repetitive DNA that can self-replicate and translocate within the eukaryotic genome, and are generally perceived as parasitic in nature. Their transcription can lead to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom Class I transposons can take the form of: Curiously, retrotransposons have been discovered to be the predominant form of transpositional element in plants with large genomes, such as maize and wheat, potentially indicating rapid success of this class o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom These are particularly prevalent in plants, and are thought to be derived from deletions in the more autonomous DNA transposons. Similarly, these types of transposons can become non-autonomous by capturing or replicating pieces of host DNA. Another var... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom While transposable elements may affect any number of different cell-types in an animal, be a skin cell, a liver cell, a brain cell, these changes are not heritable, due to the fact that an animal inherits only a parents gametic genetic code. In plants,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom Even besides coding for functional proteins or RNAs, some transposons, like class II elements, contain code copied from the nearby strand, allowing them to blend in. Given that the preceding is true, it must be that transposons are recognized more by t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom Muk encodes a natural inverted derivative of the transposase coding sequence in MuDR, which, when transcribed, forms a dsRNA that is subsequently cut into siRNA, which renders MUDR incapable of 'cutting and pasting' itself by way of RNAi interference o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom The manner of formation of epialleles is somewhat unclear, but it is thought to be due to the fact that some transposable elements, in stealing pieces of genetic code from their host organism, blend in so well as to confuse the host cellular machinery ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom Very little is known about the initiation of epigenetic silencing of transposable elements, and aside from the rare exception to this rule, as in the gene Muk, present as an initiator of regulatory epigenetic modification in maize, there are many other... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42671200 |
SIR proteins Silent Information Regulator (SIR) proteins are involved in regulating gene expression. organize heterochromatin near telomeres, rDNA, and at silent loci including hidden mating type loci in yeast. The SIR family of genes encodes catalytic and non-catalytic proteins that are involved in de-acetylation of h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
SIR proteins Later, it was discovered at the CMT allele identified by Hopper & Hall did not cause a mating type conversion at the MAT locus, but rather allowed the expression of cryptic mating type genes that are silenced in wild-type yeast. In their paper clarifying the mechanism of the CMT mutation, Haber and George ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
SIR proteins The authors named the mutation MAR for its apparent role in mating type regulation, and were able to map the mutation to chromosome IV, and determined that it was located 27.3 cM from a commonly used "trp1" marker. A few months later, Jasper Rine and Ira Herskowitz published a different screen for genes th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
SIR proteins In fact, the genes that are now referred to as SIR1-4 have at one time been referred to as MAR, CMT or STE according to the screen that identified the mutants. Although Klar, Hartwell and Hopper identified mutations in SIR genes and applied other names to the genes before Rine performed his screen, the SIR... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
SIR proteins The establishment of SIR-reppressed heterochromatin domains is a complicated process that involves different subsets of proteins and regulatory proteins depending on the locus in the genome. At the silent mating type loci and at yeast telomeres, the transcription factors Abf1 (ARS binding factor) and Rap1 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
SIR proteins Sirtuins have been implicated in myriad human traits including Alzheimers and diabetes, and have been proposed to regulate of lifespan. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42676080 |
Potential theory of Polanyi The potential theory of Polanyi, also called Polanyi adsorption potential theory, is a model of adsorption proposed by Michael Polanyi where adsorption can be measured through the equilibrium between the chemical potential of a gas near the surface and the chemical potential of the gas from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Potential theory of Polanyi Later in his life, he taught as a chemistry professor at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin as well as the University of Manchester in Manchester, England. In 1914, Polanyi wrote his first paper proposed on adsorption where he proposed a model for the adsorption of gas onto a solid surfa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Potential theory of Polanyi Criticism included that the model did not take into account the electrical interactions of the gas and the surface, and that the presence of other molecules would screen off the attraction of the gas to the surface. Polanyi’s model was furthermore put under scrutiny following the experimenta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Potential theory of Polanyi After hearing Polanyi’s full explanation of his model, Haber and Einstein claimed that Polanyi “had displayed a total disregard for the scientifically established structure of the matter”. Years later, Polanyi described his ordeal by concluding, Professionally, I survived the occasion only b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Potential theory of Polanyi His research proved that condensation of vapors can occur in narrow pores below the standard saturated vapour pressure. The Polanyi potential adsorption theory is based on the assumption that the molecules near a surface move according to a potential, similar to that of gravity or electric f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Potential theory of Polanyi Since the temperature remains constant, the difference in chemical potential formula can be integrated over pressures formula_11 and formula_10 formula_14 By setting the formula_15, the equation can be simplified to formula_16 Using the ideal gas law, formula_17, the following formula is obt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42682745 |
Biological oxidizer A biological oxidizer is a device that uses micro-organisms to treat wastewater and the volatile organic compounds produced by commercial and industrial operations. Biological oxidation devices convert biodegradable organic compounds into carbon dioxide and water. This is a natural occurring process... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42689156 |
Biological oxidizer When utilizing biological oxidation systems for the remediation emissions, the off gases or vapors are passed through a packed bed having a thin biological film at the surface. The micro-organisms are immobilized into the thin biological film, as the vapor passes over the film they become attached a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42689156 |
Biological oxidizer Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) indirectly measures the amount of easily biodegradable organic matters thus very low values indicate direct waste water disposal. The prompt removal of a wide range of wastes and pollutants from the waste gas flow is the foremost requirement of biological oxidizers to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42689156 |
Toxic hotspot Toxic hotspots are locations where emissions from specific sources such as water or air pollution may expose local populations to elevated health risks, such as cancer. These emissions contribute to cumulative health risks of emissions from other sources nearby. Urban, highly populated areas around pollut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot Diesel soot is concentrated in densely populated areas, and one in six people in the U.S. live near a diesel pollution hot spot. While air pollution hotspots affect a variety of populations, some groups are more likely to be located in hotspots. Previous studies have shown disparities in exposure to pollu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot Racial discrepancies are particularly distinct in suburban areas of the South and metropolitan areas of the West. Residents in public housing, who are generally low-income with poor access to health care and cannot move to healthier neighborhoods, are highly affected by nearby refineries and chemical plan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot These programs can potentially exacerbate effects from air pollution hotspots if the differences in chemical hazards are ignored. These programs also cause pollution to be mitigated towards where credit-buying firms are located. Factories can purchase emissions reduction credits from other firms, which le... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot High emissions of toxic chemicals and airborne particulate matter in West Oakland that cause health issues are due to diesel fuels used for transportation in the Port of Oakland and surrounding highways. Traffic and transportation-related air pollutants include carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, black car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot There are multiple efforts and strategies to spur legislation for equitable environmental conditions in low-income communities. There are many environmental justice groups and organizations in the Bay Area that encourage community participation in pursuing environmental justice. For example, data is colle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot However, residents are most concerned with air pollution health impacts from the Chevron Refinery. In 1999, Richmond measure significantly higher on Air Quality Indices (AQI) (an indicator of how polluted is air is) compared to national level. Air pollution emission from the Chevron refinery includes benz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot Because Richmond is an air pollution hotspot, Richmond residents have applied different strategies since the 1980s to try to improve local air quality. The first EJ movement in the area started in the late 1980s, when the activist tried to stop construction of a garbage incinerator near North Richmond. Si... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot In July 2008, despite the council failing to halt the Chevron's plan to build more refineries in the area due to rising gasoline prices during that time, the council succeeded to acquire $61 million from the oil company for community programs. Due to great forces from the local communities and fellow EJ a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot Wilmington, Los Angeles is a neighborhood located on the southern part of Los Angeles, California. 54,512 people live in Wilmington, the median household income is $40,627, about 86 percentage of them are Latino and only 5.1% of Wilmington residents 25 or older have a four-year degree. Wilmington, most of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot The environmental group “Coalition For a Safe Environment” installed an air pollution monitoring devices on the residential buildings in Wilmington in order to prove that emissions from local oil refineries and diesel trucks to the ports pollute the air in Wilmington, disproportionately affecting Wilmingt... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot The Pacific Proving Grounds was the name used to describe a number of sites in the Marshall Islands and a few other sites in the Pacific Ocean, used by the United States to conduct nuclear testing at various times between 1946 and 1962. In July 1947, after the first atomic weapons testing at Bikini Atoll,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot Through the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act of 1990, at least $759 million has been paid to Marshall Islanders as compensation for their exposure to U.S. nuclear testing. Following the Castle Bravo accident, $15.3 million was paid to Japan. The Nevada Test Site (NTS), is a United States Department of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot From 1986 through 1994, two years after the United States put a hold on full-scale nuclear weapons testing, 536 anti-nuclear protests were held at the Nevada Test Site involving 37,488 participants and 15,740 arrests, according to government records. Those arrested included the astronomer Carl Sagan and t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
Toxic hotspot From 1996 to 2012, a secret joint operation of Kazakh, Russian, and American nuclear scientists and engineers secured the waste plutonium in the tunnels of the mountains. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42690935 |
CeCoIn5 CeCoIn ("Cerium-Cobalt-Indium 5") is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a layered crystal structure, with somewhat two-dimensional electronic transport properties. The critical temperature of 2.3 K is the highest among all of the Ce-based heavy-fermion superconductors. CeCoIn is a member of a rich family of he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42691680 |
CeCoIn5 Growth of single-crystalline CeCoIn has been very successful soon after the discovery of the material, and large single crystals of CeCoIn, such as required for inelastic neutron scattering, have been prepared. (In contrast to some other heavy-fermion compounds where single-crystal growth is more challenging.) ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42691680 |
Magnetorheological elastomer Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) (also called magnetosensitive elastomers) are a class of solids that consist of polymeric matrix with embedded micro- or nano-sized ferromagnetic particles such as carbonyl iron. As a result of this composite microstructure, the mechanical properties of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42699154 |
Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate (or tiomolibdate USAN, trade name Decuprate), is a salt of tetrathiomolybdate (TTM, MoS) and choline currently under investigation as a therapy against Wilson's disease, a rare and potentially fatal disease in which the body cannot regulate copper. Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42700966 |
Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate As of November 2014, a Phase 2, multi-centre, open-label study was recruiting newly diagnosed Wilson's disease patients 18 and older to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate administration over a 24-week period. As of 2016, tetrathiomolybdate had been tested i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42700966 |
Photocatalyst activity indicator ink A photocatalyst activity indicator ink ("Paii") is a substance used to identify the presence of an underlying "heterogeneous photocatalyst" and to measure its activity. Such inks render visible the activity of photocatalytic coatings applied to various "self-cleaning" products. The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42708117 |
Photocatalyst activity indicator ink A "Paii", coated onto the surface of a photocatalyst material under test, works via a photoreductive mechanism, in which light absorbed by the photocatalyst drives the reduction of the dye in the "paii", thereby producing a striking color change, which can be measured through the us... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42708117 |
Photocatalyst activity indicator ink A schematic of the key processes behind the photocatalytic mineralisation of an organic pollutant on the surface of a titania photocatalyst film is illustrated in figure 1 and the overall reaction is summarised by: Water molecules—adsorbed to the photocatalyst—are also needed to gen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42708117 |
Photocatalyst activity indicator ink They are an inexpensive, easy to use and provide a very quick route to demonstrating the presence of a photocatalytic film, even under low levels of UV light. Unlike the photo-oxidative bleaching of methylene blue, they use the underlying semiconductor photocatalyst film to photored... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42708117 |
Photocatalyst activity indicator ink By making the dyes in the ink increasing difficult to reduce chemically, for example by using: basic blue 66, resazurin, and acid violet 7, respectively, it is possible to make "Paii's" which are effective on photocatalyst coatings which exhibit, respectively: low (most self-cleanin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42708117 |
Lebedev Prize The S.V. is an award, presented from 1943 to 1995 by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and since 1995 by Russian Academy of Sciences, for outstanding work in the field of chemistry and technology of synthetic rubber and other synthetic polymers. Source: Russian Academy of Science (in Russian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42709007 |
Beryllium sulfide (BeS) is an ionic compound from the sulfide group with the formula BeS. powders can be prepared by the reaction of sulfur and beryllium in a hydrogen atmosphere by heating the mixture for 10-20 minutes at temperatures from 1000-1300 °C. Alternatively, it can be prepared by the reaction of beryllium ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42726277 |
E. V. Murphree Award in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry The E. V. Murphree Award is an annual award presented by the American Chemical Society for outstanding research of a theoretical or experimental nature in the fields of industrial chemistry or chemical engineering. The award comes with a $5000 prize, a certif... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42730465 |
Thermal history coating A thermal history coating (THC) is a robust coating containing various non-toxic chemical compounds whose crystal structures irreversibly change at high temperatures. This allows for temperature measurements and thermal analysis to be performed on intricate and inaccessible components, which ope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42732399 |
Thermal history coating Crystal structure properties are then converted into temperatures, which had previously been experience by the coatings. This allows for point measurements to be made across the coated surfaces of components and allows thermal analysis to be carried out. THCs are used in high temperature applica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42732399 |
Insect euthanasia is the process of killing insects "in a way that minimizes or eliminates pain and distress." It may apply to animals in the laboratory, schools, as pets, as food, or otherwise. Euthanasia of insects and other invertebrates has historically received limited attention. While vertebrate animal experiment... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia AVMA guidelines echo this perspective: While there is ongoing debate about invertebrates’ abilities to perceive pain or otherwise experience compromised welfare, the Guidelines assume that a conservative and humane approach to the care of any creature is warranted and expected by society. Consequently... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia Potassium chloride (KCl) is one of the three drugs typically used in lethal injection in the United States. It causes hyperkalemia, which stops the heart by inducing depolarization of cellular membrane potentials. Intravenous KCl injection is unacceptable for vertebrate animals unless they have been r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia " KCl injection produced immediate extension of claws and legs due to deactivation of motor neurons, and the researchers assume that sensory neurons degraded in a similar fashion. The lethal dose for this procedure was rather high: 1 g KCl per 1 kg of body weight. This was 10-30 times more than the re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia Overdose on inhaled anesthetics can work for terrestrial invertebrates like insects, but verifying death can be difficult, so it's advised to use another euthanasia method alongside them. Isoflurane and sevoflurane are examples of volatile anaesthetics that can be used; afterward, the insects should b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia The British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA) Terrestrial Invertebrate Working Group (TIWG) reports on a survey conducted by Mark Bushell of BIAZA institutions. He found that refrigeration and freezing were the most common methods "of euthanasia of invertebrates although research has... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Insect euthanasia Many insects eaten by humans are roasted, fried, boiled, or otherwise heated directly, without any effort made at euthanasia. Many pets eat live insects, which cannot be euthanized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42734486 |
Nonribosomal Code The nonribosomal code refers to key amino acid residues and their positions within the primary sequence of an adenylation domain of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase used to predict substrate specificity and thus (partially) the final product. Analogous to the nonribosomal code is prediction of peptid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42735534 |
Nonribosomal Code The adenylation domain (A) is the focus for substrate specificity since it is the initiating and substrate recognition domain. In one example, adenylation substrate-binding pocket (defined by 10 residue within) alignments led to clusters giving rise to defined specificity (i.e. the residues of the enz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42735534 |
Analytical light scattering (ALS), also loosely referred to as SEC-MALS, is the implementation of static light scattering (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques in an online or flow mode. A typical ALS instrument consists of an HPLC/FPLC chromatography system coupled in-line with appropriate light scatteri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42736145 |
Retro screening Retro (or reverse) screening (RS) is a relatively new approach to determine the specificity and selectivity of a therapeutic drug molecule against a target protein or another macromolecule. It proceeds in the opposite direction to the so-called virtual screening (VS). In VS, the goal is to use a protein... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42736510 |
Catechin glucoside may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42742478 |
Salvinia effect The describes the permanent stabilization of an air layer upon a hierarchically structured surface submerged in water. Based on biological models (e.g. the floating ferns "Salvinia", backswimmer "Notonecta"), biomimetic Salvinia-surfaces are used as drag reducing coatings (up to 30% reduction were previ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect A silvery shine, due to the reflection of light at the interface of air and water, is visible on the submerged surfaces. Long lasting air layers also occur in aquatic arthropods which breathe via a physical gill (plastron) e. g. the water spider ("Argyroneta") and the saucer bug ("Aphelocheirus") Air la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect These structures resemble microscopic eggbeaters and are therefore referred to as “eggbeater trichomes”. The entire leaf surface, including the hairs, is covered with nanoscale wax crystals which are the reason for the water repellent properties of the surfaces. These leaf surfaces are therefore a class... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect The Salvinia effect, described here, most likely plays an essential role in its ecological success; the multilayered floating plant mats presumably maintain their function of gas exchange within the air-layer. The defines surfaces which are able to permantently keep relatively thick air layers as a resu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect Compartments with sealed edges are also important for technical applications. The working principle is illustrated in for the Giant Salvinia. The leaves of "S. molesta" are capable of keeping an air layer on its surfaces for a long time when submerged in water. If a leaf is pulled under water, the leaf ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect With increasing negative pressure the bubble grows and can detach from the surface. The air bubble rises to the surface and the air layer decreases until it vanishes completely. In case of the surface with hydrophilic anchor cells (right) the water is pinned to the tips of every structure by the hydroph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Salvinia effect If water flows over a smooth solid surface, the velocity at the surface is zero due to the friction between water and surface molecules. If an air layer is situated between the solid surface and the water the velocity is higher than zero. The lower viscosity of air (55 times lower than the viscosity of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42744699 |
Madeleine M. Joullié (born March 29, 1927) is a French-born American organic chemist. She was the first woman to join the University of Pennsylvania chemistry faculty as well as the first female organic chemist to be appointed to a tenure track position in a major American university. She was one of the first affirmati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42746040 |
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