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Zinc flake coating 9 high-strength bolts) there is a risk of hydrogen embrittlement, the industry needed a better corrosion protection system. High-strength steel parts (such as bolts of strength category > 10.9 and nuts of > 9) and components with tensile strength of > 1000 N/mm or > 320 HV are susceptible to hydrogen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40056948 |
Zinc flake coating In addition to the applications in the automotive industry, these coating systems are also found in wind power systems, the construction industry, electrical equipment (plant construction), trucks and other markets as well. Zinc flake coatings create what is known as cathodic protection: the less nob... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40056948 |
Zinc flake coating The material can be applied using the following application techniques: Prior to coating, the parts' surface needs to be pre-treated. Pickling with acids (e.g. sulfuric or hydrochloric acid) produces atomic hydrogen and can penetrate into the steel structure and make it brittle. In order to avoid pic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40056948 |
Zinc flake coating Typical curing temperatures are 200 °C, 240 °C and 320 °C. After the curing, a uniform, thin, firmly bonded and dry layer is produced. Zinc flake coatings are used as cathodic protective layers against corrosion all over the world in the automotive and construction industries. Combined with cured, th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40056948 |
Messenger RNP (messenger ribonucleoprotein) is mRNA with bound proteins. mRNA does not exist "naked" "in vivo" but is always bound by various proteins while being synthesized, spliced, exported, and translated in the cytoplasm. When mRNA is being synthesized by RNA polymerase, this nascent mRNA is already bound by RNA ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40057509 |
Messenger RNP An example of one of these diseases would be spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) which affect the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP). Although it is still unknown, increasing evidence ties neurodegeneration diseases will altered RNP granule homeostasis creating a concept of hypo and hyper-assembly diseases... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40057509 |
C20H24O7 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40059683 |
Dyakonov surface wave In 1988, the Russian Soviet physicist Mikhail (Michel) I. Dyakonov theoretically predicted a new class of surface electromagnetic waves, now called Dyakonov surface waves (DSWs). Unlike other types of acoustic and electromagnetic surface waves, the DSW's existence is due to the difference in symme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40073915 |
Dyakonov surface wave Consequently, numerous potential applications are envisaged, including devices for integrated optics, chemical and biological surface sensing, etc. However, it is not easy to satisfy the necessary conditions for the DSW, and because of this the first proof-of-principle experimental observation of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40073915 |
Dyakonov surface wave The phase velocity interval is proportional to and even for the most strongly birefringent natural crystals is very narrow (rutile) and (calomel). However the physically more important group velocity interval is substantially larger (proportional to ). Calculations give for rutile, and for calomel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40073915 |
Sandi Klavžar Sandi Klavžar(born 5 February 1962) is a Slovenian mathematician working in the area of graph theory and its applications. He is a professor of mathematics at the University of Ljubljana. Klavžar received his Ph.D. from the University of Ljubljana in 1990, under the supervision of Wilfried Imrich and Toma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40076007 |
Runoff footprint A runoff footprint is the total surface runoff that a site produces over the course of a year. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) stormwater is "rainwater and melted snow that runs off streets, lawns, and other sites". Urbanized areas with high concentrations of imperv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40084830 |
Runoff footprint Correspondingly, the runoff footprint allows someone to calculate their baseline annual runoff and assess what the impact of ideal stormwater green solutions would be for their site. Since the passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972, the EPA has monitored and regulated stormwater issues in urban areas. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40084830 |
Runoff footprint According to the EPA, onsite stormwater green solutions or low-impact developments (LIDs) can significantly reduce runoff and costly stormwater/sewer infrastructure upgrades. Stormwater green solutions can also reduce energy consumption. Treating and pumping water is an energy-intensive activity. Accor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40084830 |
Runoff footprint It is a larger value for areas with low infiltration and high runoff (pavement, steep gradient), and lower for permeable, well vegetated areas (forest, flat land)." The runoff coefficients for different surface types on a site can be multiplied with the area for each surface along with the annual preci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40084830 |
Slippery sequence A slippery sequence is a small section of codon nucleotide sequences (usually UUUAAAC) that controls the rate and chance of ribosomal frameshifting. A slippery sequence causes a faster ribosomal transfer which in turn can cause the reading ribosome to "slip." This allows a tRNA to shift by 1 base (−1)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40089386 |
DB-ALM stands for Database Service on Alternative Methods to animal experimentation, a service run under the auspices of European Commission's Directorate General Joint Research Centre. Categories at present include: "in vitro "toxicology methods, test results, a bibliographic section and contact details of persons and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40120397 |
Flow plasticity theory Flow plasticity is a solid mechanics theory that is used to describe the plastic behavior of materials. Flow plasticity theories are characterized by the assumption that a flow rule exists that can be used to determine the amount of plastic deformation in the material. In flow plasticity theories... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40132737 |
Flow plasticity theory This form of the flow rule is called an associated flow rule and the assumption of co-directionality is called the normality condition. The function formula_19 is also called a plastic potential. The above flow rule is easily justified for perfectly plastic deformations for which formula_20 when ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40132737 |
Flow plasticity theory The consistency condition states that formula_26 at yield because formula_27, and hence Large deformation flow theories of plasticity typically start with one of the following assumptions: The first assumption was widely used for numerical simulations of metals but has gradually been superseded b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40132737 |
Flow plasticity theory The elastic strain can be measured using an elastic right Cauchy-Green deformation tensor defined as: The logarithmic or Hencky strain tensor may then be defined as The symmetrized Mandel stress tensor is a convenient stress measure for finite plasticity and is defined as where S is the second Pi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40132737 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface The interface between lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO) and strontium titanate (SrTiO) is a notable materials interface because it exhibits properties not found in its constituent materials. Individually, LaAlO and SrTiO are non-magnetic insulators, yet LaAlO/SrTiO interfaces ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface SrTiO is a wide-band gap semiconductor that can be doped n-type in a variety of ways. Clarifying the mechanism behind the conductivity is a major goal of current research. Four leading hypotheses are: Polar gating was the first mechanism used to explain the conductivity ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface The polar gating hypothesis also cannot explain why Ti is detected when the LaAlO films are thinner than the critical thickness for conductivity. The polar gating hypothesis is sometimes called the polar catastrophe hypothesis, alluding to the counterfactual scenario whe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface An obvious difference between oxygen vacancies and polar gating in creating the interface conductivity is that the carriers from oxygen vacancies are thermally activated as the donor level of oxygen vacancies is usually separated from the SrTiO conduction band, consequen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface Follow up measurements with torque magnetometry indicated that the magnetism in LaAlO/SrTiO persisted all the way to room temperature. In 2011, researchers at Stanford University used a scanning SQUID to directly image the ferromagnetism, and found that it occurred in he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface Linear magnetoresistance has also been measured in pure SrTiO crystals, so it may be unrelated to the emergent properties of the interface. At low temperature (T < 30 K), the LaAlO/SrTiO interface exhibits negative in-plane magnetoresistance, sometimes as large as -90%. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Lanthanum aluminate-strontium titanate interface Typical conditions used are: Some LaAlO/SrTiO interfaces have also been synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy, sputtering, and atomic layer deposition. To better understand in the LaAlO/SrTiO interface, researchers have synthesized a number of analogous interfaces betwee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40133154 |
Jameson cell The Jameson Cell is a high-intensity froth flotation cell that was invented by Laureate Professor Graeme Jameson of the University of Newcastle (Australia) and developed in conjunction with Mount Isa Mines Limited ("MIM", a subsidiary of MIM Holdings Limited and now part of the Glencore group of companies)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The Cell was initially developed as a lower-cost alternative to conventional column flotation cells for recovering fine particles, and was first used in the Mount Isa lead–zinc concentrator in 1988. Since then, use of the technology has spread to include coal flotation, base and precious metal flotation, p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The collectors adsorb onto the surfaces of the particles of select minerals (usually the valuable mineral that is targeted for concentration), making these minerals hydrophobic. Air is passed through the slurry in a tank known as a flotation cell. The air is broken into tiny bubbles by various mechanisms (... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell With heights usually between 6 and 14 meters, they could have froth depths up to 2 m, providing more residence time than conventional cells and more stable froth surfaces that enable better froth washing. Froth flotation efficiency is determined by a series of probabilities: those of particle–bubble contac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The downcomer is designed to provide high-intensity mixing of the air and the slurry to generate a dense foam of fine bubbles and maximise the contact between the target mineral particles and the bubbles. The probability of particle–bubble contact is "virtually 100%" with a slurry residence time in the dow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The air in the downcomer is entrained in the pulp, creating a partial vacuum that draws pulp from the tank up into the downcomer. The pulp level quickly reaches the nozzle, which is at a level above that of the liquid level in the tank. This creates a hydrostatic head in the downcomer, meaning that the pre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell This froth can be "washed" by a light flow of water, if desired. The bubbles flowing over the lip of the cell are smaller in diameter than those that flow over the lip of conventional flotation columns. The non-floating tailings are discharged through a hole in the bottom of the tank. The Cell has no movin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Jameson had gained some expertise in the properties of bubbles and particles in suspensions whilst a PhD student at Cambridge. He began research into the fluid mechanics of the flotation process and set in train a series of experimental projects into the effect of particle diameter and bubble size on the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell By balancing the forces acting on a bubble in a shearing flow, including the disruptive dynamic stresses from the liquid motion and the restoring force of surface tension, it was possible to predict the critical shear rate required to produce a bubble of given size. Jameson then looked for simple and pract... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell He led a further plant trial with a small cell in the lead-zinc concentrator at Mt Isa Mines Ltd in Queensland, initially working alone. The plant metallurgists took an interest in the technology and helped to refine it, particularly checking the scale-up procedures that Jameson had devised. In 1988 a rece... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell These trends, combined with an increase in the concentrator's throughput, significantly reduced the concentrator's performance in the 1980s, resulting in a "tense" period of "an endless circle of circuit changes, reagent changes, operator changes, metallurgist changes, and so on". The decreasing grain size... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Initially, MIM received good revenue from its bulk concentrate, but as the nature of the ore continued to deteriorate, the production of the bulk concentrate increased and saturated the market. Payment terms declined until MIM received less than half the payment for zinc in the bulk concentrate than it rec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Instead, he developed the concept of using a jet in a downcomer to create the bubbles and eliminate the need for a sparger in conventional flotation columns. The concept of the Cell followed when further investigations showed that most of the bubble–particle interactions were occurring in the downcomer, re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell 9 m, with three downcomers each, while those at Hilton were 1.3 m in diameter and had two downcomers each. In parallel with this work, the Cell was tested for the recovery of fine coal at the Newlands coal mine, also owned by MIM Holdings Limited. This fines stream was cyclone overflow, which contained 15–... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Following the test work, Peko Mines installed two full-scale, 1.4 m diameter Jameson Cells in the concentrator, each with three downcomers. Peko Mines' decision was based on: Peko Mines reported a payback on the investment in the Cells of two months. Solvent extraction – electrowinning (often referred to a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell In the late 1980s, MIM built an SX–EW plant at Mount Isa to recover copper leached from low grade ore stockpiled while mining its Black Rock open cut in the 1960s. In a world first, a Jameson Cell was used to clean the electrolyte solution by removing the remaining organic solvent. This replaced the sand f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The Morenci Jameson Cell consistently recovered over 82% of the organic extractant. Toward the end of the period, Cells were installed in coal preparation plants operated by the BHP Mitsubishi Alliance and by Peabody for fines recovery. Improvements to this early design included a focus on the weight and w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Thus, when the production of the feed stream to the Jameson Cell decreased as a result of a fluctuation elsewhere in the concentrator, a higher percentage of the tailings was automatically recycled to the downcomers, producing a constant flow rate, hence feed pressure, to the cell. This had the added benef... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell There was significant turbulence in the areas beneath the downcomers. that could result in particles detaching from bubbles. These turbulent areas were calmed by the addition of conical diffusers beneath each downcomer. They allowed uniform bubble rise velocities across the surface of the cell by slowing t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell 8% increase in the recovery of potash slimes, equivalent at the time to an increase in revenue of approximately £518,000 per year. In 1993 Philex Mining Corporation, a Philippines mining company, replaced the mechanical cleaner circuit with Cells at its Benguet copper concentrator. Following their successf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell The Mark III design encompassed the greatest improvement in the technology since its commercialisation. The focus was to make the technology more robust and easier to use in operations. The total redesign of the downcomer assembly allowed it to be isolated and unblocked much more easily compared to the Mar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Solids depositing in the air lines and their build up in the air distributor decreases flotation performance as it prevents air from being efficiently entrained in the downcomers. This period was one of rapid growth for the Jameson Cells in the existing applications. Seventy-seven Cells were installed in c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell These applications include: The Jameson Cell has been found to be particularly effective in cleaning and recovering fine coal particles. For example, at BHP Coal's Goonyella mine (now part of the BHP Mitsubishi Alliance) eight Cells were installed to replace the entire 32 mechanical cell flotation circuit ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell Recent developments in the Cell design for SX–EW applications include large, flat-bottomed cell design to allow it to sit on the ground and large (500 mm diameter) downcomers that can have multiple liquor (there being no slurry in SX–EW applications) lenses fitted to each downcomer. The biggest operating C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Jameson cell This makes the traditional phosphate concentration practice uneconomic for these deposits. In response, Legend developed a process based on using the Jameson Cell in a rougher-scavenger-cleaner configuration to recover at least 80% of the phosphate at a grade of at least 32% PO from a feed with a particle ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40142408 |
Mitscherlich's law of isomorphism, or the law of isomorphism, is an approximate law suggesting that crystals composed of the same number of similar elements tend to demonstrate isomorphism. is named for German chemist Eilhard Mitscherlich, who formulated the law and published it between 1819 and 1823. According to Fere... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40150214 |
Codon degeneracy Degeneracy of codons is the redundancy of the genetic code, exhibited as the multiplicity of three-base pair codon combinations that specify an amino acid. The degeneracy of the genetic code is what accounts for the existence of synonymous mutations. Degeneracy of the genetic code was identified by Lag... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40150317 |
Codon degeneracy These properties of the genetic code make it more fault-tolerant for point mutations. For example, in theory, fourfold degenerate codons can tolerate any point mutation at the third position, although codon usage bias restricts this in practice in many organisms; twofold degenerate codons can tolerate ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40150317 |
Codon degeneracy A position of a codon is said to be a "n"-fold degenerate site if only "n" of four possible nucleotides (A, C, G, T) at this position specify the same amino acid. A nucleotide substitution at a fourfold degenerate site is referred to as a synonymous nucleotide substitution, whereas nucleotide substitut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40150317 |
Balkhashtsvetmet Balhashcvetmet ("Ferrous Metallurgy of Balkhash;" formerly known as "BGMC, for Balkhash Mining and Metallurgical Combine; ) is a copper-smelting combine located on the northern coast of the Lake Balkhash in Balkhash, Kazakhstan. Balhashtcvetmet specialises in the extraction of ores, metal processing an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40158073 |
Balkhashtsvetmet In the same year, on the northern shore of Lake Balkhash, a geological survey from Leningrad arrived which was led by engineer and geologist Michael Rusakov. This group conducted the first exploration of copper deposits and got encouraging results. Eventually, the expedition concluded that the area had... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40158073 |
Balkhashtsvetmet A plaque was placed at an entrance of the smelting plant commemorating this event, and 24 November is considered the birthday of the smelting plant. The ingot of Balkhash's first copper is kept in the Museum of the Revolution in Moscow. The lives of the inhabitants of Balkhash were affected by the atta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40158073 |
Balkhashtsvetmet Process gases are emitted into the atmosphere without treatment of sulfur dioxide and dust containing heavy metals, such as copper, lead, and arsenic. According to numerous testimonies of inhabitants of the city, the copper smelting department of the combine emitted a large amount of gas into the atmos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40158073 |
Fumigaclavine may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40168230 |
Gustav Ehrhart (21 December 1894 – 11 December 1971) was a German chemist. He synthesized the first fully synthetic opioid analgesic, methadone, together with Max Bockmühl. Ehrhart studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, with a focus on organic chemistry. His studies were interrupted by the First World War. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40173260 |
Gustav Ehrhart His most notable contribution is the development of methadone, which he synthesized together with his boss Bockmühl in 1939. In the winter of 1937-38, Erhart and Bockmühl began the synthesis of over 300 compounds which contained diphenylmethane as a central structural element. In late 1939 they gave the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40173260 |
C24H36O2 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40176820 |
C24H38O3 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 374.557 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40183726 |
C24H36O3 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40183822 |
C22H29N3O2 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40184186 |
Dihydroxytoluene may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40185288 |
Arrott plot In condensed matter physics, an is a plot of the square of the magnetization formula_1 of a substance, against the ratio of the applied magnetic field to magnetization formula_2 at one (or several) fixed temperature(s). Arrott plots are an easy way of determining the presence of ferromagnetic order in a mat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40201057 |
Hydroalkoxylation is a chemical reaction that combines alcohols with alkenes or alkynes. The process affords ethers. The reaction converts alkenes to dialkyl or aryl-alkyl ethers: Similarly, akynes are converted to vinyl ethers: As shown, the reaction follows the Markovnikov rule. The process exhibits good atom-economy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40214539 |
Diketopiperazine A diketopiperazine (DKP), also known as a "dioxopiperazine" or "piperazinedione", is a class of organic compounds related to piperazine but with two amide linkages. Three regioisomers are possible, differing in the locations of the carbonyl groups. Despite their name, they are not ketones, but amides. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40217967 |
C16H20N2O The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40232612 |
C16H16O7 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40250233 |
Long Harbour Nickel Processing Plant The is a Canadian nickel concentrate processing facility located in Long Harbour, Newfoundland and Labrador. Operated by Vale Limited, construction on the plant started in April 2009 and operations began in 2014. Construction costs were in excess of CAD $4.25 billion. Construction i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251156 |
Long Harbour Nickel Processing Plant A processing plant on Newfoundland was one of the requirements established by the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador in order to exploit the nickel deposit at the Voisey's Bay Mine in Labrador. The bulk carrier MV "Umiak I" was one of several ice-strengthened bulk carriers buil... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251156 |
The Three Rs (animals) The Three Rs (3Rs) in relation to science are guiding principles for more ethical use of animals in testing. They were first described by W. M. S. Russell and R. L. Burch in 1959. The 3Rs are: The 3Rs have a broader scope than simply encouraging alternatives to animal testing, but aim to improve ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) A common misconception of the 3Rs is that they refer only to replacement; however, their scope is much broader. Replacement: In the original book, the 3Rs were restricted, arbitrarily, to vertebrates. Russell and Burch discussed the possibility of suffering with reference to sentience. They used ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) However, others such as the National Centre for Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs) advocate the use of some invertebrates in replacement studies. Reduction: Reduction refers to methods which minimise the number of animals used per study. Russell and Burch suggest... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) It is at this point that refinement starts, and its object is simply to reduce to an absolute minimum the amount of distress imposed on those animals that are still used."" Amongst areas of experiments that can be refined are the procedure to be used, the appropriateness of the species (its suita... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) Others have noted that promotion of the 3Rs has failed to reduce the number of animals used in experiments. However, this may be the result of a misunderstanding of the definition of 'Reduction', not an absolute reduction in the number of animals used, but a reduction in the number of animals use... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) Following a review of the quality of experimental design in published journal articles, including the use of the 3Rs, it was found that the use and reporting of these principles was sporadic. As a result, the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of "In Vivo" Experiments) guidelines were developed a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) The Home Office (UK) led the Inter-Departmental Group on Reduction, Refinement and Replacement, which aims to improve the application of the 3Rs and promote research into alternatives, reducing the need for toxicity testing through better sharing of data, and encouraging the validation and accept... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
The Three Rs (animals) eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32010L0063&from=EN| Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes</ref> makes the principles explicit and researchers must demonstrate the use of Replacement, Reduction and Refine... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40251468 |
Berkelic acid is a fungal isolate with anticancer activity "in vitro". It was first discovered in the fungal species "Euglena Mutabilis", which evolved to live in the Berkeley Pit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40253564 |
Sclerotiorin is an antimicrobial "Penicillium frequentans" isolate. is an aldose reductase inhibitor (IC=0.4 μM) as well as a reversible lipoxygenase inhibitor (IC=4.2 μM). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40253698 |
Fellutanine A, B, C and D are bio-active diketopiperazine alkaloids isolated from the cultures of "Penicillium fellutanum", that belongs to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines. Originally they were thought to be based on the "trans" cyclic dipetide cyclo(L-Trp-D-Trp) but were later shown to be based on... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40253806 |
Methylenolactocin is an isolate of "Penicillium" with anticancer activity "in vitro". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40253826 |
3-Oxoacyl-CoA is a group of coenzymes involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40257418 |
Stearoyl-CoA is a coenzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. is an 18-carbon long fatty acyl-CoA chain that participates in an unsaturation reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase, which is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. It forms a cis-double bond between the ninth and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40260804 |
Global Alliance on Health and Pollution The GAHP (Global Alliance on Health and Pollution) was formed in 2012 by the World Bank, the European Commission, UN Environment, the Ministries of Environment and Ministries of Health of more than 25 low- and middle-income countries, and the nonprofit Pure Earth and other agenci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40263841 |
Global Alliance on Health and Pollution We will help them to learn what they need to do and implement programmes that will save lives," said Richard Fuller, President, Pure Earth (Blacksmith Institute), Secretariat for the GAHP. "Our economy is global and so are the pollutants... We are in this together and we can solv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40263841 |
Pallathadka Pramoda Kumari is a Senior Scientist at the Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore. She has a number of patents and research publications to her credit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40266453 |
Geranylfarnesyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate used by organisms in the biosynthesis of sesterterpenoids. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40266679 |
Halicylindramide Halicylindramides are antifungal peptides isolated from "Halichondria". "Halicylindramides D and E, antifungal peptides from the marine sponge Halichondria cylindrata" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40278807 |
Aciculitin Aciculitins are antifungal cyclic peptides isolated from a marine sponge. There are 3 Aciculitins that are isolated from the Lithistid sponge "Aciculites orientalis" that differ by their homologous lipid residues. "Antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates as a new frontier for microbial infection con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40279221 |
Retrometabolic drug design In the field of drug discovery, retrometabolic drug design is a strategy for the design of safer drugs either using predictable metabolism to an inactive moiety or using targeted drug delivery approaches. The phrase retrometabolic drug design was coined by Nicholas Bodor. The method is analog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40287988 |
Retrometabolic drug design CDSs are biologically inert molecules intended to enhance drug delivery to a particular organ or site and requiring several conversion steps before releasing the active drug. Although both retrometabolic design approaches involve chemical modifications of the molecular structure and both requ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40287988 |
Retrometabolic drug design There are several rationally designed soft drugs that have either already reached the market, such as or are in late-stage development (remimazolam, budiodarone, celivarone, AZD3043, tecafarin). There are also compounds that can be considered as soft chemicals (e.g., malathion) or soft drugs ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40287988 |
Retrometabolic drug design After enzymatic oxidation of the NADH type drug conjugate to its corresponding NAD- drug, the still inactive precursor, "locks-in" behind the BBB to provide targeted and sustained CNS-delivery of the compound of interest. The second example involves eye-specific delivery of betaxoxime, the ox... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40287988 |
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