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Hawley's risk theory of profit F. B. Hawley offered his risk theory of profit in 1893. According to Hawley, risk in business arose from product obsolescence, a sudden fall in prices, superior substitutes, natural calamities, or scarcity of certain crucial materials. Risk taking was an inevitable component of dynamic pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33187853 |
Hawley's risk theory of profit Hawley's theory is also known as the "residual theory of profit" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33187853 |
Banco do Nordeste is a Brazilian regional development bank headquartered in Fortaleza, Ceará. The bank was founded in 1952 and today has 300 bank branches and that allied to the work of the Development Agents and Agencies Travelers, allow the Bank to be present in about 2000 cities in all states of the Northeast region... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33195345 |
Applied Information Science in Economics The (Прикладная информатика в Экономике) or Applied Computer Science in Economics is a professional qualification generally awarded in Russian Federation. The degree inherited from the U.S.S.R. education system also known as Specialist degree. The degree is awarded after five ye... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33237904 |
Site selection indicates the practice of new facility location, both for business and government. involves measuring the needs of a new project against the merits of potential locations. The practice came of age during the 20th century, as governments and corporate operations expanded to new geographies on a national a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Site selection In his book "The Location of Economic Activity", Hoover compiled crucial criteria of industrial site selection as early as 1948 that still apply today. There were, however, some quite early attempts to combine theories of international trade with nationally oriented site theories in order to develop a si... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Site selection In this context, Sabathil compiled a comprehensive catalogue of site factors and a theoretical approach to site selection; the latter does not go into great detail. Neither does Sabathil take any legal, natural, or cultural site factors into consideration. However, he discusses in particular company-spec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Site selection Goette distinguishes between economic site conditions (sales potential, competitive conditions, infrastructure and transportation costs, labor, monetary conditions), political site conditions (tax legislation, environmental protection, institutional market entry barriers, support of business, political r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Site selection Selecting the best location for the academy was deemed critical by Congress and the Air Force Academy Site Selection Board was established to manage the task. The board evaluated more than 580 locations in 22 states before selecting the current Colorado Springs site. Hanford Site for the Hanford nuclear ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Site selection The process includes the following steps: Detailed site selection typically requires nine months for federal projects and four to six months for private sector projects. The National Environmental Protection Act may extend the site selection timeline for federal agencies, depending on the level of enviro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33240544 |
Marginal employment (), also called a mini job or €450 job, is an employment relationship with a low absolute level of earnings or of short duration. The term Mini job was coined in Germany to describe a form of marginal employment that is generally characterized as part-time with a low wage. According to the latest la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33259490 |
Marginal employment The employer takes out additional accident insurance for his employees, costing about an additional €60 per year. The cost of the accident insurance differs from state to state. Employees of mini jobs must be treated the same as full-time employees, except with cause. If full-time employees receive ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33259490 |
Marginal employment This suggestion was presented as a condition for the European Central Bank to continue purchasing Spain's debt. In the United Kingdom about 1.4 million people work under zero-hour contracts, with no guaranteed hours of work. A person earning under £5,772 a year receives no credits for the state pens... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33259490 |
A Behavioral Theory of the Firm The behavioral theory of the firm first appeared in the 1963 book "A Behavioral Theory of the Firm" by Richard M. Cyert and James G. March. The work on the behavioral theory started in 1952 when March, a political scientist, joined Carnegie Mellon University, where Cyert was an economist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33277726 |
A Behavioral Theory of the Firm These larger firms are coalitions of individuals or groups, which may include managers, stockholders, workers, suppliers and so on. According to Cyert and March, these groups participate in setting goals and making decisions. Priorities and information may vary by group, potentially crea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33277726 |
A Behavioral Theory of the Firm An improvement measure assesses whether the proposal improves the health of the organization. According to Cyert and March, information is required to take the most appropriate decisions. However, information gathering itself is not costless and requires resources. To keep the various gr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33277726 |
A Behavioral Theory of the Firm The behavioral theory of the firm has become important for much later research in organization theory and management, and has led to empirical studies and simulation modeling in organizational learning, as well as work on the cognitive foundations of firm strategy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33277726 |
Good–deal bounds are price bounds for a financial portfolio which depends on an individual trader's preferences. Mathematically, if formula_1 is a set of portfolios with future outcomes which are "acceptable" to the trader, then define the function formula_2 by where formula_4 is the set of final values for self-financ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33308777 |
Expansion path In economics, an expansion path (also called a scale line) is a curve in a graph with quantities of two inputs, typically physical capital and labor, plotted on the axes. The path connects optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. A producer seeking to produce a given number of units... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33311036 |
Expansion path A Cobb–Douglas production function is an example of a production function that has an expansion path which is a straight line through the origin. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33311036 |
Banco Cruzeiro do Sul (BM&F Bovespa:CZR4) was a Brazil-based bank mainly engaged in the consumer financing segment. It was declared bankrupt in August 11, 2015. It offered credit, investment, brokerage and consulting services, as well as a range of financial products. It also offered public bond market intermediation a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33324997 |
CCB Brasil former BicBanco is a middle size Brazilian Bank founded in 1938 in Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará state by José Bezerra de Menezes and in 1948 Maria Amélia Bezerra de Menezes the matriarch of the family was the first woman in to be a Chairwoman of a bank in Brazil. Currently the company is headquartered in Avenida... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33325352 |
Wilkie investment model The Wilkie investment model, often just called Wilkie model, is a stochastic asset model developed by A. D. Wilkie that describes the behavior of various economics factors as stochastic time series. These time series are generated by autoregressive models. The main factor of the model which infl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33332874 |
Daycoval is a midsize Brazil-based bank that provides personal and corporate banking services, such as credit, investment banking, credit card, brokerage, trade bill collection, custodian and deposit services, as well as payroll loans and auto loans under the Daycred brand name. The Bank specializes in lending services... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33335582 |
Technological dualism was proposed by Benjamin Higgins. He was the Ritchie Professor of Economics at the University of Melbourne in the late 1940s. His theory explains the causes of unemployment in the underdeveloped economies. Developing countries of today are often characterized by dualistic economies. One is the mod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism There are fixed technical coefficients in the modern sector whereas in case of traditional sector the technical coefficients are variable. This duality is analyzed by Higgins in the context of Factor Proportions. Prof Eckaus offers a detailed explanation of this feature. This will be explained lat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism 3) As it is a traditional sector and factor endowment is such that labour-intensive technique is dominating in this sector as compared to capital intensive technique of production. 1) Large-scale industries, plantation, transport, oil fields are the main occupation in this sector. 2) As it is the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism If OL2 units are available the excess supply of labour would not have any effect on production techniques and L1L2 (excess labour) will remain unemployed or will try to seek employment in the traditional sector. This proves that only when the capital increases more labour will be taken in and outp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism As traditional sector is labour-intensive therefore the inflow in labour can be absorbed in this sector as the technical coefficients are variable. Initially this absorption takes place by getting more land under cultivation so as to keep the ratio of labour to land constant. For sometime the capi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism This happened as technological progress took a form of capital intensive sector and not technological progress took place in agriculture, handicrafts. The technological progress has been rapid in modern sector. Particularly after the second world war both he trade union activity and direct governm... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism Again the result is the same very high capital-labour ratio results in structural unemployment of labour. This cannot be removed even if prce is adjusted, or by creation of increased effective demand. This conclusion remains unchanged even if variable coefficients replace the fixed coefficients in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Technological dualism Higgins' theory is not free of criticism; some of the criticisms are given below: 1) Higgins fails to offer an explanation of nature and growth of unemployment in the traditional sector in the dual society 2) It is questionable to assume that development of the industrial sector is dependent entir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33336961 |
Greg Ip (; born June 18, 1964) is a Canadian-American journalist, currently the chief economics commentator for "The Wall Street Journal". A native of Canada, Ip received a bachelor's degree in economics and journalism from Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario. He lives in Bethesda, Maryland. After graduating from Ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33337779 |
Greg Ip McKinnon was part of a set of ten articles that resulted in the Wall Street Journal staff being awarded a Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Reporting. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33337779 |
Norwegian paradox The is a dilemma of Norway's economic performance where economic performance is strong despite low R&D investment. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has described Norway's economic performance as a "paradox". Other scholars also refer to it as a "puzzle". The concept has been ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33346223 |
Norwegian paradox Norway's innovative performance had been scientifically influenced by the ability of Norwegian entrepreneurs, firms, and public sector actors. They were able to understand the hidden opportunities, mobilize resources, adopt current capabilities and develop new ones, and development of appropriate inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33346223 |
Layering (finance) Layering is a strategy in high-frequency trading where a trader makes and then cancels orders that they never intend to have executed in hopes of influencing the stock price. For instance, to buy stock at a lower price, the trader initially places orders to sell at or below the market ask price. This... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33359755 |
Keith Griffin (economist) Keith B. Griffin (born 1938 in Colon, Panama) is an economist, whose specialty is the economics of poverty reduction . From 1979 to 1988 he was President of Magdalen College, Oxford, and he remains an honorary fellow there. During his presidency of Magdalen College, he and Senior Bursar R. W. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33360839 |
Cost sharing In health care, cost sharing occurs when patients pay for a portion of health care costs not covered by health insurance. The "out-of-pocket" payment varies among healthcare plans and depends on whether or not the patient chooses to use a healthcare provider who is contracted with the healthcare plan's net... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33367356 |
Climate Capitalism Climate Capitalism: Capitalism in the Age of Climate Change is a 2011 book by L. Hunter Lovins and Boyd Cohen. It presents positive stories and examples of how profit-seeking companies are helping to save the planet, and says that "the best way to rebuild America’s economy, cities and job markets is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33371191 |
Flow trading In finance, flow trading occurs when a firm trades stocks, bonds, currencies, commodities, their derivatives, or other financial instruments, with funds from a client, rather than its own funds. can be a significant source of profits for investment banks. Engaging in flow trading can also boost a firm's ow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33380105 |
Market monetarism is a school of macroeconomic thought that advocates that central banks target the level of nominal income instead of inflation, unemployment, or other measures of economic activity, including in times of shocks such as the bursting of the real estate bubble in 2006, and in the financial crisis that fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism Yue Chim Richard Wong, professor of economics at the University of Hong Kong, describes market monetarist economists as "relatively junior in the economics profession and ... concentrated in the teaching universities." "The Economist" states that Sumner's blog "drew together like-minded economists, ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism Bush, first noticed in 2010 the emergence of Scott Sumner, and the movement of economic debates to the blogosphere. Bartlett credited Sumner with bringing the concept of market monetarism into the national debate about economics. "The Economist" later noted that Tyler Cowen, professor of economics at ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism In November 2011, Bernanke held a press conference stating that the Federal Reserve board of governors had discussed the idea of NGDP targeting, and were considering adding nominal GDP to their list of important economic indicators. However, the board decided against adopting a strict NGDP targeting p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism In particular, they criticize some tools of monetary policy, such as quantitative easing, for being too discretionary. Market monetarists advocate that the central bank clearly express an NGDP target (such as 5–6 percent annual NGDP growth in ordinary times) and for the central bank to use its policy ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism " Bill Woolsey offers several alternatives for the structure of such a futures market, suggesting an approach in which the Fed maintains a fixed price for the futures contract, hedging any resulting short or long position by conducting OMOs to match its net position and using other traditional techniq... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism Market monetarists contend that by not paying attention to nominal income, the Federal Reserve has actually destabilized the US economy; nominal GDP fell 11% below trend during the 2008 recession, and has remained there since. Market monetarists believe that by explicitly following a nominal income ta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Market monetarism NGDP growth (Japan's has been near zero since 1993, while China's did not fall below the 5% to 10% range, even during the late 1990s East Asian financial crisis.) is seen as the more proximate determinant. Market monetarists dispute the claim of conventional theory that central banks that issue fiat m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33382732 |
Banco de Brasília is a small Brazil-based bank that is controlled by the government of the Federal District. The Bank offers a range of financial products and services, including saving accounts, credit cards, investment services, insurance and loans, among others. The Bank has both individual and corporate customers. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33391859 |
Georgia Statewide Minority Business Enterprise Center The is funded by the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) and operated by the Enterprise Innovation Institute (EI2). The MBDA Business Center (MBC), Atlanta, Ga., is part of a national network of centers established to increase t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33397463 |
Trapped equity theory The Trapped Equity Theory explains the application of cash flows that is freed up and in excess of the company's requirements arising from the over subscription of its shares during a public offer. According to the theory, such 'trapped' excess funds could be invested to guarantee an increase in m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33461966 |
Competent person A competent person is designated by a company to ensure that the company's health and safety responsibilities are being met. This may be a legal obligation required of the company, to ensure that the business understands, and can act on, the health and safety risks that might occur during their particu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56840493 |
Competent person Recognition of competence is defined as requiring "sufficient training and experience or knowledge and other qualities" to be able to effectively oversee health and safety in the business, although specialised industries may have additional, more specific requirements. For building trades, there are, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56840493 |
Gemma Romanyà i Valls (29 September 1945 – 5 March 2018), was a Spanish Catalan businesswoman and graphic arts patron. Married with Miquel Pujol i Palol, she was originally from Capellades, Anoia, and since 1973 she directed the printing press "Romanyà Valls SA", based in Capellades and the La Torre de Claramunt. Since... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56903128 |
Tax and Customs Board The (), also known by its acronym MTA, is the taxation authority in the Republic of Estonia. It is an agency of the Ministry of Finance. The agency deals with collection of revenue for the state budget, the implementation of tax laws, customs rules and related legislation, enforcement, licensing g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56904509 |
Israel Tax Authority The ( "Rashut HaMisim B'Israel") is the taxation authority in Israel. It is an agency of the Ministry of Finance. The Authority was established on 1 September 2004, following a decision by the Government of Israel to merge the tax collection divisions - the "Income Tax and Real Estate Tax Departmen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56908994 |
Austerity: The History of a Dangerous Idea is a 2013 book by Mark Blyth that explores the economic policy of austerity. Studying the use of austerity around the world up to the early 2010s and tracing its intellectual lineage, Blyth argues that the case for increasing economic growth through austerity is overstated, is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56919746 |
Austerity: The History of a Dangerous Idea and European countries back to governments' bailouts of the financial sector during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 and the use of countercyclical policies in the Great Recession, in contrast to austerity advocates' narrative of governmental profligacy (with the ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56919746 |
Austerity: The History of a Dangerous Idea (Mises, Hayek, Rothbard), how the displacement of Keynesianism by monetarism (Friedman) focused macroeconomic policy on inflation control through central bank independence and dismissed unemployment as voluntary, and how the public choice school's theory of political business ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56919746 |
Austerity: The History of a Dangerous Idea By contrast, while calling Blyth's description and criticism of austerity "valid and compelling" and his views on the Eurozone Debt Crisis "cogent", Lawrence Summers criticizes Blyth for dismissing austerity summarily, e.g. ignoring the success of U.S.-American and Canadian no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56919746 |
Malt tax A malt tax is a tax upon the making or sale of Malted grain, which has been prepared using a process of steeping and drying to encourage germination and the conversion of its starch into sugars. Used in the production of beer and whisky for centuries, it is also an ingredient in modern foods. Until the late 19... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56936037 |
Malt tax According to William Cobbett, this tax contributed to inequality, poverty, and malnutrition in England, as it created a monopoly for malting and brewing, preventing ordinary householders from brewing their own nutritious beer for everyday use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56936037 |
Yle tax The (, ) is a Finnish tax collected to fund the operation of the country's public broadcasting company, Yle. The tax has been collected since 2013, when it replaced the television licence payment ("televisiomaksu", "televisionsavgift"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56936388 |
Hicks-Tinbergen Award The is a biennial prize in economics awarded by the European Economic Association (EEA) to the author(s) of the best article published in the EEA's journal within the two preceding years. The was created in 1991 and is named in honour of the Dutch econometrician Jan Tinbergen and the British econo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56956639 |
Securities account A securities account sometimes known as a brokerage account is an account that holds financial assets such as securities on behalf of an investor with a bank, broker or custodian. Investors and traders typically have a securities account with the broker or bank they use to buy and sell securities. Se... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56997251 |
Nambawan Super Limited (“the Fund”) is a Papua New Guinean defined contribution fund (accumulation fund) approved under the Superannuation General Provisions Act 2000. The Fund is governed by the Board of Directors of Limited, the Fund's Corporate Trustee (“the Trustee”). The Fund exists to invest amounts contributed b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57046999 |
R. K. Cho Economics Prize The is awarded by Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea to scholars in the field of economics who have contributed to the development of scholarship and education. As of 2018, the prize includes a plaque, a medal, and a monetary award of ₩100 million. It was established in 2007 with an endow... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57082574 |
José Roberto de Lima Andrade (born 2 June 1969, Aracaju, Sergipe) is a Brazilian economist, and a professor of economics at the Federal University of Sergipe. He is president of SergipePrevidência. He was Director General of the School of Public Administration and Management of the State of Sergipe. He was president of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57128220 |
Material Concerns is a book by author and economist Tim Jackson. Published in 1996, it pioneered the concept of "preventive environmental management", a core principle of the circular economy framework. Twenty years before the Ellen MacArthur Foundation established its now widely recognised circular economy mission, Ti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57180509 |
Material Concerns “Jackson has filled a near-unique niche in clean production publications with a text that combines great explicatory power with a driving visionary message”, Andrew Tickle wrote in the Environmental Policy and Governance Journal. Jonathon Porritt endorsed Jackson’s analysis with "incisive and persuasi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57180509 |
Middle-out economics is a branch of demand-side macroeconomic theory. It identifies the buying power of the middle class as the necessary ingredient for job creation and economic growth. With consumption typically responsible for two-thirds of the Gross Domestic Product in the Americas consumer spending is key. maintai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57213586 |
Middle-out economics The term middle-out economics was coined by Eric Liu, a former speechwriter for Bill Clinton, and Nick Hanauer, a venture capitalist. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57213586 |
Monetary/fiscal debate The monetary/fiscal policy debate, otherwise known as the Ando–Modigliani/Friedman–Meiselman debate (or AM/FM debate from the main instigators' initials, and for this reason sometimes jokingly called the "radio stations debate"), was the exchange of viewpoints about the comparative efficiency of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate They used the following reduced form, least squares regression equation to compare the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies; in effect, to compare Keynesian and monetarist theories: where C is induced private consumption, α is a constant, V represents money velocity, M is approximately M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate For that purpose, Hester argued that government deficits are endogenously determined, and not exogenously, and thus no single-equation approach could properly capture government spending and deficits, while the same principle applies for short-run private investment. Also, Hester emphasized that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Our paper tried to present some evidence relevant to deciding between these views. The kind of evidence we gave is not the only kind that is relevant and may not be the most important or significant. And, of course, much other evidence is available from other work by us and by many others. This o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate They argued that the consumption function was not correctly specified within the F/M use of autonomous expenditures and claimed that the variable that Friedman and Meiselman had derived was actually saving and not autonomous expenditures. They also observed that the data used in the 1963 paper wo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Moreover, Ando and Modigliani found that the error variance in predicting output was "much higher" when using money than any of the fiscal variables and labeled the F & M respective results "spurious." They concluded that Friedman and Meiselman’s results were biased in favor of monetary policy, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Friedman and Mieselman agreed in theory with A & M that the term M* is a valid means to determine the exogenous versus the endogenous nature of the policy variable but still disagreed with the actual A & M methodology to determine M*. As to the consumption variance, they maintained that "of the t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Hence, we are left with no reason to change our earlier conclusion that “so far as these data go [and, we may now add, those adduced by Ando and Modigliani, DePrano and Mayer, and Hester] the widespread belief that the investment multiplier is stabler than the monetary velocity is an invalid gene... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate In 1969, Frank DeLeeuw,and J. Kalchbrenner, also St. Louis Fed economists, published an article that criticized "severely" the Andersen/Jordan study and modeling. They argued that exogenous fiscal policy cannot be properly measured by using any of the fiscal policy definitions presented by their ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Louis equation" on the basis of data from 1952 to 1968, they proclaimed that, according to their findings, fiscal expenditures were statistically significant, positively correlated to changes in GNP in the long run - as was also true for changes in monetary policy. In 1971, William L. Silber posi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate Blinder, John Kareken and William Poole, in their study, criticized the Andersen/Jordan approach as econometrically unsound. They argued that, without a reaction function, one cannot determine the nature of the “exogenous” from the "endogenous”, and that, if the rules or automatic stabilizers are... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate In 1977, Benjamin Friedman found that, using the Andersen/Jordan model but extending the data set out to the 2nd quarter of 1976, fiscal policy was now statistically significant in the determination of expenditures -although serious heteroscedasticity problems had appeared. He also found that, if... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate In 2011, Stefan Belliveau attempted to sum up the debate down to three “interpretations”: Real business-cycle theory says that neither fiscal nor monetary policy is very effective, essentially rejecting state activism; Keynesian theory suggests that government expenditures can influence economic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Monetary/fiscal debate " In 2000, a survey of 298 members of the American Economic Association found that while 84 percent generally agreed with the statement "Fiscal policy has a significant stimulative impact on a less than fully employed economy", 71 percent also generally agreed with the statement "Management of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57219341 |
Jones model The is a growth model developed in 1995 by economist Charles I. Jones. The model is essentially identical to the Romer model (1990), in particular it generalizes or modifies the description of how new technologies, ideas or design instructions arise. This should take into account the criticism made of the R... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57223837 |
Superior Council for Private Enterprise The (Consejo Superior de la Empresa Privada, or COSEP) is a leading business chamber in Nicaragua. As of April 2018, its president is José Adán Aguerri. COSEP was influential in the proposed 2018 reforms to social security in Nicaragua and in the resulting protests. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57226875 |
CORE Project The Curriculum Open-Access Resources in Economics Project (CORE Project) is an organisation that creates and distributes open-access teaching material on economics. The goal is to make teaching material and reform the economics curriculum. Its textbook is taught as an introductory course at more than 300 u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project In it, economic actors are amoral and self-interested, perfectly competitive market prices equate supply to demand implementing “optimal” outcomes, while environmental degradation, instability, and inequality are afterthoughts at best … Yet it continues as the backbone of much undergraduate teaching. Howev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project A textbook in 22 chapters that provides a complete introduction to economics and is used in more than 300 universities worldwide. This economics textbook was designed as the source material for taught courses in the first year of an undergraduate degree, although it has also been used in schools, and for a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project The course and support materials have been created by academic economists who volunteer their time, including Yann Algan (Sciences Po, Paris), Timothy Besley (London School of Economics), Diane Coyle (University of Manchester), Cameron Hepburn (University of Oxford), Suresh Naidu, Rajiv Sethi, Margaret Ste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project CORE's authors claim that popular textbooks such as "Principles of Economics" by Greg Mankiw are little different in content to the first modern text book, "Economics" by Paul Samuelson, which was published in 1948, meaning that these textbooks have ignored many of the innovations in economics since then:"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project In The New Yorker, John Cassidy wrote that "The members of the core team deserve credit for responding to the critics of economics without pandering to them." Noah Smith praised CORE for "focusing more on hands-on data analysis." Some curriculum reform campaigners have criticised CORE for being too narrow ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
CORE Project In macroeconomics, the proportion gaining firsts was unchanged, but the number who attained a 2:1 rose from 21 per cent in 2014-15 to 36 per cent in 2015-16." In December 2019 there are 300 universities worldwide using CORE. These include: CORE Team, The (2017). "The Economy, Economics for a Changing World... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57325801 |
Corn exchanges in England In England, corn exchanges are distinct buildings which were originally created as a venue for corn merchants to meet and arrange pricing with farmers for the sale of wheat, barley and other corn crops. The word "corn" in British English denotes all cereal grains, such as wheat and barley. Wit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57395337 |
Corn exchanges in England Wood also designed the equally impressive exchange in Liverpool (which is now the town hall) in 1749–1754. In London the earliest covered corn exchange building was built in 1747 in Mark Lane. At Brighton a corn exchange was built as part of the Royal Pavilion. Other corn exchanges followed wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57395337 |
Corn exchanges in England In the 20th. century Corn Markets were often also used as cinemas or for venues for roller skating or wrestling. in the later part of the 1950s the following two decades they had often become dilapidated and uneconomic to maintain. This resulted in the widespread demolition of many corn exchan... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57395337 |
Corn exchanges in England For a time it was used as a town hall and in 1914 it was converted into the Picturedrome cinema. It was demolished in 1960. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=57395337 |
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