text stringlengths 11 1.65k | source stringlengths 38 44 |
|---|---|
Economics of digitization Several papers in the literature attempt to quantify the economic impact of increased product variety made available through electronic markets. Bar-Isaac et al. (2012) derive a theory of when lower search costs will result in 'superstar' and 'long-tail' effects. One particularly important asp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization Economists are interested in understanding how these two forces interact in determining labor market outcomes. For example, a large literature studies the magnitude and causes of skill-biased technical change, the process by which technology improves wages for educated workers. Alternatively, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization Online labor market platforms like Odesk and Amazon Mechanical Turk represent a particularly interesting form of labor production arising out of digitization. Economists who study these platforms are interested in how they compete with or complement more traditional firms. Another active area ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization Varian also provides a detailed description of several business models which potentially address the greater difficulty of enforcing copyrights as digitization increases. Alternative business models for intellectual property holders include selling complementary goods, subscriptions, personali... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization In the past decade, theoretical work on commercial privacy has tended to focus on behavioral price discrimination as being a potential application of a context where researchers can model privacy concerns from an economics perspective. Goldfarb and Tucker (2011a) wrote the first paper to empir... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization Other attempts at measuring the consequences of information security policy from an economics perspective are Miller and Tucker (2011), who look at policies mandating encryption, and Romanosky et al. (2011), who look at mandatory breach notification laws. There are many other policies related ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Economics of digitization This follows on a book that collected twenty-five important articles in the area, published by Edward Elgar Publishing, titled "Economics of Digitization." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44467356 |
Nelson Barbosa Nelson Henrique Barbosa Filho is a Brazilian economist and professor of economics. From 21 December 2015 to 12 May 2016, he was Brazil's Minister of Finance. Barbosa holds a full professorship at the São Paulo School of Economics of the Getulio Vargas Foundation and is Adjunct Professor at the Federal Un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44471964 |
Advance tax ruling An advance tax ruling is a tool for multinational corporations and for individual taxfilers for clarifying and conforming particular taxation arrangements. A written interpretation of tax laws is issued by tax authorities to corporations and individuals who request clarification of taxation arrangeme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44515001 |
Circulus (theory) Circulus was a socioeconomics doctrine devised by nineteenth-century French utopian socialist Pierre Leroux (1797-1871), who proposed that human excrement be collected by the state in the form of a tax and used as fertiliser, thereby increasing agricultural production sufficiently to prevent Malthusia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44526218 |
Circulus (theory) Each would religiously collect his dung to give it to the state, that is, to the tax-collector, by way of an impost or personal contribution. Agricultural production would instantly be doubled, and poverty would vanish from the globe). Leroux first put forward his theory of circulus in 1834, as part o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44526218 |
Circulus (theory) But in practical terms, rather than by Leroux's vision of individual members of society willingly paying a tax in their own excrement for the sake of the common weal, Hugo's collector sewers were sooner inspired by the ideas of English social reformer Edwin Chadwick, who proposed that human waste be p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44526218 |
Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS) is an integrated bill payment system in India offering interoperable and accessible bill payment service to customers through a network of agents of registered member as Agent Institutions (AI), enabling multiple payment modes, and providing instant confirmation of payment. National Pa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44542595 |
Bharat Bill Payment System This should also serve as an efficient, cost-effective alternative to the existing systems and enhance consumer confidence and experience. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44542595 |
John Cunningham Wood (born 1952) is an Australian economist, author, and the Chief Executive Officer of the University Division at Navitas, known as series editor of the "Critical Assessment of Leading Economists" series of Taylor & Francis. Wood received his BE (hons) with first class honours in economics from the Uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44573782 |
Zinskauf was a financial instrument, similar to an annuity, that rose to prominence in the Middle Ages. The Catholic Church tolerated "zinskauf" as a way to avoid prohibitions on usury. Since "zinskauf" was an exchange of a fixed amount of money for annual income it was considered a sale rather than a loan. Martin Luth... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44574884 |
Small Business Health Care tax credit The is a United States tax credit available to small employers who pay health insurance premiums on behalf of employees enrolled in a qualified health plan offered through a Small Business Health Options Program (SHOP) Marketplace. Employers who purchase health insurance through th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44585779 |
Equal Pay Day is the symbolic day dedicated to raising awareness of the gender pay gap. In the United States, this date symbolizes how far into the year the average women must work in order to earn what the average man earns in the previous year regardless of experience or job type. The exact day differs year by year. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44594933 |
Equal Pay Day The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. It is job content, not job titles, that determines whether jobs are substantially equal. Specifically, the EPA provides that employers may not pay unequal wages to men and women who perform jobs that require substantially equal skill, e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44594933 |
Equal Pay Day These factors resolve 60% to 75% of the pay gap, depending on the source. Various explanations for the remaining 25% to 40% have been suggested, including women's lower willingness and ability to negotiate salaries and discrimination. According to the European Commission direct discrimination either does ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44594933 |
Equal Pay Day The date was specifically chosen to represent the additional 62 days from the end of the previous financial year that women have to work to earn the same as men. The date on which is observed is different in every country due to differing formulas for observing the day and also due to different wage gaps.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44594933 |
Career average pension A career average pension or career average revalued earnings pension (CARE pension) is a type of occupational pension scheme, where people saving for retirement pay for a benefit after retirement where they will receive a sum that is calculated according to their average earnings over their caree... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44661376 |
Economics of extraterrestrial resource extraction may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44719588 |
Asia Region Funds Passport The is an economic initiative to provide regional management of funds throughout member states in Asia. It is led by Australia, Singapore, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea, all of whom signed a Statement of Intent on 20 September 2013 at the APEC Finance Ministers’ meeting in Nusa Dua, B... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44750857 |
Coordination good In economics, coordination goods are a form of good created by the coordination of people within civil society. Coordination goods are non-rivalrous, but may be partially excludable through the means of withholding cooperation from a non-cooperative state. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44819733 |
FairSearch is a group of organizations that lobby against Google's market dominance in online search and related practices. The group is controlled by Oracle and Naspers executives and has been characterized as a consumer protection organization, a Google watchdog, as well as a front group for Microsoft. Many of its ot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44858446 |
Premixed turbulent flames In a premixed turbulent flame, fuel and oxidizer are being mixed by turbulence during a sufficiently long time before combustion is initiated. The deposition of energy from the spark generates a flame kernel that grows at first by laminar, then by turbulent flame propagation. And in which the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44865976 |
Africapitalism is the economic philosophy that the African private sector has the power to transform the continent through long-term investments, creating both economic prosperity and social wealth. A think-tank tasked with studying the philosophy, the Institute was formally launched during the 2014 World Economic Foru... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism In 2014, the philosophy was buttressed by the establishment of the Institute, a pan-African think tank dedicated to the promotion of the philosophy through "rigorous academic-level applied research" on the transformative role of the private sector in Africa’s development. The Institute was formally launc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism Amaeshi convened the first-ever academic symposium on during which he and a number of other African scholars presented their preliminary findings from ongoing research. The scholars participating in the University of Edinburgh Project are Amon Chizema, Chair in International Business and Strategy and Hea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism Local value creation was further explored during a public forum held in Abuja, Nigeria on January 7, 2015 when former CNN anchor Zain Verjee moderated a panel of experts that included economist and proprietor of the economic classification terms "BRIC" and "MINT", Jim O'Neill, former Chief Economist of G... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism " Elumelu has spoken extensively on the role of in nation-building at several conferences and forums across the world. In May 2015, he delivered a keynote address at Oxford University on its potential to act as a catalyst for development in Africa, urging more deliberate efforts in driving a new kind of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism Titled "Unleashing Africa’s Entrepreneurs: Improving the Enabling Environment for Start-ups", it was first released to the public at a world-press conference on the sidelines of the 6th Global Entrepreneurship Summit in Nairobi, Kenya on 25 July 2015. The data used was based on original research leveragi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism Other African leaders in government, academics and business have discussed the importance of harnessing the power of the private sector to drive sustainable development in preparation for the United Nations’ launch of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 – the initiative due to succeed the UN’s Mill... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Africapitalism and other emerging capitalism reform philosophies have also been criticized as efforts to marginalize the role of government and transfer more influence to the private sector whose fundamental purpose is profit maximization as opposed to fostering broader prosperity. In an op-ed titled "Entrepreneurs and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44928929 |
Caribbean Financial Action Task Force The (CFATF) is an organization of states and territories of the Caribbean Basin that have agreed to implement common counter-measures against money laundering. CFATF has associate status within the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF). The CFATF was established as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45014467 |
Statutory employee A statutory employee is an independent contractor under American common law who is treated as an employee, by statute, for purposes of tax withholdings. For a standard independent contractor, an employer cannot withhold taxes. Statutory employees are also permitted to deduct work-related expenses on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45017279 |
Judith Sloan (born 22 November 1954) is an Australian economist. Sloan was born in Melbourne. She has been teaching as a university professor at Flinders University and the Curtin Institute of Technology and is an honorary professorial fellow at the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research of the Uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45037859 |
List of debtor nations by net international investment position per capita This is a list of debtor nations by net international investment position per capita. This is a list of debtor nations of the world sorted by their net international investment positions (NIIPs) per capita. A "debtor nation" is a sovereign state... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45044337 |
Lewis turning point The is a situation in economic development where surplus rural labor is fully absorbed into the manufacturing sector. This typically causes agricultural and unskilled industrial real wages to rise. The term is named after economist W. Arthur Lewis. Shortly after the Lewis point, an economy requires ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45079830 |
Lewis turning point In their book Tshilidzi Marwala and Evan Hurwitz used Arthur Lewis theory to understand the transition of the economy into the Fourth Industrial Revolution where much of the production in the economy is automated by artificially intelligent machines. In this regard, they identified an equilibrium po... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45079830 |
List of feminist economists This is an incomplete alphabetical list by surname of notable feminist economists, experts in the social science of feminist economics, past and present. Only economists with biographical articles in Wikipedia are listed here. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45105917 |
Ecosia is a search engine based in Berlin, Germany, that donates 80% or more of its profits to nonprofit organizations that focus on reforestation. It considers itself a social business, is CO-negative, claims to support full financial transparency and protect the privacy of its users. is also B Lab-certified. At launc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45138227 |
Ecosia 1% of its income) from advertising revenue to support tree planting projects, the rest is put into backup reserves for unforeseen circumstances – if these reserves are not used they are channeled back into the company's tree planting fund. The company publishes monthly financial reports on its website. In Octobe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45138227 |
Ecosia 5 million for rainforest protection since its founding in December 2009." According to Ecosia, by 2015, the search engine had almost 2.5 million active users and had planted more than 2 million trees. In May 2015, was shortlisted for The Europas, the European Tech Startups Awards, under the category Best Europea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45138227 |
Ecosia With the release of version 26 (on 26 January 2016), the Pale Moon web browser added as a default, as did version 8 of the Polarity web browser on 15 February 2016. is the default search engine of the Waterfox web browser since version 44.0.2. Since version 1.9, Vivaldi has included as a default search engine op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45138227 |
Financial Revolution The was a set of economic and financial reforms in Britain after the Glorious Revolution in 1688 when William III invaded England. The reforms were based in part on Dutch economic and financial innovations that were brought to England by William III. New institutions were created: a public debt (fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45141429 |
Financial Revolution With the creation of a constitutional monarchy, Parliament had to approve any further government borrowing and any new taxes (to cover the costs of borrowing). Because bondholders' interests were hence directly represented in the decision-making process, they could be confident that the risk of def... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45141429 |
Robert F. Hoxie Robert Franklin Hoxie (April 29, 1868 – June 22, 1916) was an American economist, known for his work on labor history. Born in Edmeston, New York to Solomon and Lucy Hoxie, Hoxie obtained his PhD in economics at the University of Chicago. After graduation, he lectured at the University of Chicago until ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45146072 |
Stout Risius Ross Stout Risius Ross, LLC. (also known as "Stout") is a leading valuation advisory, investment banking, dispute consulting, and management consulting firm founded in 1991 and headquartered in Chicago. 1991 - Craige Stout founds the firm in Detroit, providing valuation services to clients. Beginning with ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45185158 |
Stout Risius Ross The Washington, DC office opened in 2013. In 2014, Stout opened offices in Denver and Baltimore after a merger with 20 professionals from Invotex, a Washington, DC based intellectual property services firm. In 2015, Stout has a total of 400 employees. In 2016, Stout strengthened its Dispute Consulting... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45185158 |
Ecorys is one of the oldest economic research and consulting companies in Europe. Its history dates back to 1929, when a group of businessmen from Rotterdam established the Foundation . The goal of the Foundation NEI was to stimulate the collection and the analysis of economic data. One of its first directors (1935-196... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45205907 |
Behavioral game theory analyzes interactive strategic decisions and behavior using the methods of game theory, experimental economics, and experimental psychology. Experiments include testing deviations from typical simplifications of economic theory such as the independence axiom and neglect of altruism, fairness, and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory For example, a person may seek to minimize the amount of regret they will feel after making a decision and weigh their options based on the amount of regret they anticipate from each. Because they were not previously examined by traditional economic theory, factors such as regret along with many ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory By the turn of the century economists and psychologists expanded this research. Models based on the rational choice theory were adapted to reflect decision maker preferences and attempt to rationalize choices that did not maximize utility. Traditional game theory uses theoretical models to determ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory These factors are not explored in the area of traditional game theory, but can be postulated and observed using empirical data. Findings from behavioral game theory will tend to have higher external validity and can be better applied to real world decision-making behavior. Beliefs about other peo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory Another study that examined participants from the TV show Deal or No Deal found divergence from rational choice. Participants were more likely to base their decisions on previous outcomes when progressing through the game. Risk aversion decreased when participants' expectations were not met withi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory This model adapts traditional game theory logic to the idea that players reciprocate actions in order to cooperate. The model had been used to more accurately predict experimental outcomes of classic games such as the prisoner's dilemma and the centipede game. Rabin (1993) also created a fairness... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory This means that players who are having exceptionally good or exceptionally bad outcomes are more likely to gamble and continue playing than average players. The lucky or unlucky players were willing to reject offers of over one hundred percent of the expected value of their case in order to conti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory Gneezy found that participants were more sensitive to their gain from lying than to their opponent's loss. He also found that participants were not wholly selfish and cared about how much their opponents lost from their deception, but this effect diminished as their own payout increased. These fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Behavioral game theory In this game player one (or group one) decides what percentage of a payout to give to player two (or group two) and then player two decides whether to accept or reject this offer. Participants in the group condition were put in groups of three and allowed to deliberate on their decisions. Perfect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45222866 |
Philadelphia Federal Credit Union (PFCU) is a credit union headquartered in Philadelphia. It is chartered and regulated under the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). PFCU is the sixth largest credit union in Philadelphia. PFCU has more than US$900 million in assets, and over 112,000 members. The PFCU Operation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45224561 |
Peter Naudé (born 1950s) is a British organizational theorist and Professor of Marketing at the Manchester Business School, known for his work on business networks. Naudé obtained his Phd in Marketing 1992 at the Manchester Business School. In the 1980s Naude had started his academic career at the University of Cape To... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45240623 |
Scottish Landfill Tax (SLfT) is a tax which is charged in Scotland under the Landfill Tax (Scotland) Act 2014. It replaced the UK Landfill Tax from 1 April 2015. Revenue Scotland administers and collects SLfT with support from the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA). The rates of (given in £/tonne) are £84.40... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45257241 |
Thomas Thorburn Thomas William Thorburn (April 13, 1913 - March 13, 2003) was a Swedish economist, and Professor of Business Administration at the Stockholm School of Economics, known from his work on the "Supply and demand of water transport" (1960), and the "Cost-benefit analysis in language planning" (1971). Born in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45282551 |
Terminated merchant file A terminated merchant file (TMF) is a tool used by credit card processing companies to screen potential merchants before giving them a merchant account. In the case of Mastercard and American Express it is known as the MATCH list. The terminated merchant files are shared among processors and ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45289335 |
Psychophysiological economics is a field of study focused on the assessment and evaluation of psychological and physiological events as factors shaping consumer economic behavior. Psychophysiological economists believe that behavior and cognitive processing are indivisible and that behavioral, cognitive, and physiologi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45303060 |
Psychophysiological economics Third, both eustress (positive stress) and distress (negative stress) can alter behavior by causing changes in a person’s visceral structures. These changes occur involuntarily, but the underlying cause can be measured and evaluated. As a new field of study, psychophysiological economics t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45303060 |
European Joint Master degree in Economics The provides a rigorous education in fundamental quantitative tools by combining economic theory with related quantitative disciplines such as Econometrics, Finance, Actuarial Science, Probability, Statistics, Mathematical Modeling, Computation and Simulation, Experimental Desi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45350406 |
European Joint Master degree in Economics Often, the degree prepares graduates for both research orientation for further studies and in the job market for positions in government organizations, private companies or financial institutions. This joint degree is officially recognized as a master degree in each university ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45350406 |
Pacific Drilling is an offshore ultra-deepwater drilling company. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, trading as PACD. The company was founded in 2006 by Idan Ofer, a billionaire Israeli business magnate, and his holding company Quantum Pacific Group. It was listed on the Norwegian stock exchange as PDSA until... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45391563 |
Pacific Drilling It is headquartered in Luxembourg, with its corporate office located in Houston, Texas. It operates drillships for exploration internationally for ultra-deepwater offshore drilling. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45391563 |
Household Finance and Consumption Survey (Ireland) The Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) is a statistical survey conducted by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) on behalf of the Central Bank of Ireland as part of the European Central Bank (ECB) Household Finance and Consumption Network (HFCN). The HFCS i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45402754 |
QEM The (Models and Methods of Quantitative Economics), also known as "Erasmus Mundus QEM", is an Erasmus Mundus post-graduate master's degree in economics. The program combines "core economic theory with related quantitative disciplines such as Probability, Statistics, Econometrics, Finance, Actuarial Science, Mathema... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45416032 |
QEM The consortium provides career assistance to the students, including help with internships and job placement for graduates. The language of instruction is English and the partner universities also provide European language courses for graduates. The Erasmus Mundus was the first European Joint Master degree in Econo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45416032 |
HESTA is an Australian industry superannuation fund for workers in health and community service sectors. services more than 70,000 employers and has more than 850,000 members, 80% of whom are women. It has $46 billion in funds under management. was formed in 1987. holds an Australian financial services licence. removed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45433984 |
Wind Energy (journal) Wind Energy is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on wind power published by John Wiley & Sons. The editor-in-chief is Simon Watson (Delft University of Technology). According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 2.556, ranking it 35t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45447250 |
Progress in Photovoltaics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on photovoltaics. It is published by John Wiley & Sons and the editor-in-chief is Martin A. Green (University of New South Wales). According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 9.696, ranking... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45447936 |
Ola Oni (1933–1999) was a Nigerian marxist political economist, socialist and human right activist. The anti-military and pro-democracy, hails from Ekiti State southwestern Nigeria where he was born but based in Ibadan, the capital of Oyo State, Nigeria. He was a lecturer at the University of Ibadan but was sacked due ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45474240 |
Salt Tax Revolt The took place in the Spanish province of Biscay (Vizcaya) between 1631 and 1634, and was rooted in an economic conflict concerning the price and ownership of salt. It consisted of a series of violent incidents in opposition to Philip IV's taxation policy, and the rebellion quickly evolved into a broade... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45476425 |
Salt Tax Revolt Philip opted to pardon the rest of the rebels and to suspend the original order concerning the price of salt as a concession. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45476425 |
Measuring attractiveness by a categorical-based evaluation technique (MACBETH) Measuring attractiveness through a categorical-based evaluation technique is the goal of the MACBETH approach that was designed by Carlos António Bana e Costa, from the University of Lisbon, in cooperation with Professor Jean-Claude Vansnick... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45481361 |
Balances Mechanics The () (from balances of bookkeeping respectively the credit system and mechanics to characterize the strict universal identities) is a work and mean of economics, comparable with Stock-Flow Consistent Modelling. Statements of are not based on assumptions and preconditions of a model but are of trivi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics From the view of one recognizes, with regard to the counter entry, that growing expenses in overall economy mean growing revenues as well and that, for instance, at payment lock step there is no correlation at all between overall sales volume and need for medium of exchange. Beside the mechanics of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics From the mechanics of giving a credit it becomes obvious: Once a debtor uses its credit entry, which corresponds to a liability, as payment for a purchase at the market, by this creates a "surplus of the debtors expenses over its revenues". With that the remainder of the economy has a "surplus of rev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics It is the sum of all economic entities of a nation (following the inland concept, these are all economic entities inside a state territorium; following the inhabitant concept, these are all economic entities of same nationality). The complementary group to the sector of private households are all not... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics Because every expense faces a revenue (and every revenue faces an expense) the sum of all expenses must be the sum of all revenues: From that the global sentence derives that the aggregate expense-revenue-balance of a closed aggregate economy equals "zero" (current account/performance record). This i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics ) and the accounts receivable (examples: money, shares, bonds, etc.). On the liabilities side there are the liabilities and the net worth (also called equity). So it is valid for each economic entity: Claims minus liabilities equals net money assets: The claims can be divided into medium of exchange ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics If an economic entity gains more than it spends, the complementary group must spend more than it gains: If individual economic entities cut their expenses, so that their expenses are lower than their revenues the global sentence is as follows: At each economy subject (in the meaning of every individu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics Stützel defines "Action Concurrency" as follows: ""Action Concurrency occurs, when - by accidence - the same that applies to the overall economy, applies to individual agents, too"" For example, if revenues would be fully spent (without delay) in favor of other agents and all other agents act the sam... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics As a consequence, economic actors overall -as expected- make less expenses in the following periods when they reduce money assets unplanned and make more expenses in the opposite case when their money assets increase by planning. This momentum is reinforced by the multiplier which results from the av... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Balances Mechanics by higher private consumption) and/or in rising the debt willingness of companies (for instance, by investments) and/or in improving the trade balance (for example, by additional export)."" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45526962 |
Gross substitutes The term gross substitutes is used in two slightly different meanings: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45543186 |
Paradox of competition in economics names a model of a situation where measures, which offer a competitive advantage to an individual economic entity, lead to nullification of advantage if all others behave in the same way. In some cases the finite state is even more disadvantageous for everybody than before (for the t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45558253 |
Digital labor or digital labour is a term for emergent forms of labor in post-Fordist economies, characterized by the production of value through interaction with information and communication technologies. takes different forms from on-demand platforms, micro-working and the creation of content for digital platforms s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Digital labor The rise of digital labor can be attributed to the shift of human history from the Industrial Revolution to the Information Age, as production-based industries declined with the rise of a new digital and information-based economy. Multiple authors, including Christian Fuchs (sociologist) Sebastian Sevigna... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Digital labor http://www.ephemerajournal.org/sites/default/files/7-1wright.pdf https://www.nber.org/ All of these platforms can be seen as data producers : both customers and workers produce data while using the service. This data can then be used for improving the service or can be sold on the market. Business model o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Digital labor (Andrew Ross), Tiziana Terranova and others developed a working definition of digital labor, drawing from the idea of free labor, and immaterial labor. Other scholars who have written about Digital Labor include: Ursula Huws, Trebor Scholz, Frank Pasquale, , Christian Fuchs, Andrew Ross, Jaron Lanier, as ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Digital labor Proponents argue that exploitation occurs as typical social media users do not receive any monetary compensation for their digital content, while companies are able to take advantage of this freely accessible information to generate revenues. Studies of social media sites such as YouTube have analyzed the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Digital labor is also interested in emergent digital subcultures including: community forms, blogs, digital organizing tools, and the way these platforms can be potential generators of cultural goods subsumed and incorporated into globalized networks of cultural goods. markets are websites or economies which facilitate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=45562261 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.